?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fmpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de%2F17337%2F&rft.title=Speed+Money%3A+Time%2C+Corruption%2C+and+Trade&rft.creator=Shepherd%2C+Ben&rft.subject=D73+-+Bureaucracy+%3B+Administrative+Processes+in+Public+Organizations+%3B+Corruption&rft.subject=F13+-+Trade+Policy+%3B+International+Trade+Organizations&rft.subject=O17+-+Formal+and+Informal+Sectors+%3B+Shadow+Economy+%3B+Institutional+Arrangements&rft.description=This+paper+shows+that+longer+trade+times+are+associated+with+higher+levels+of+trade-related+corruption%2C+consistent+with+a+theoretical+framework+in+which+%E2%80%9Cfast%E2%80%9D+producers+earn+higher+profits+than+%E2%80%9Cslow%E2%80%9D+ones%2C+but+may+have+to+pay+%E2%80%9Cspeed+money%E2%80%9D+to+possibly+corrupt+customs+officials.+This+finding+is+robust+to+the+use+of+corruption+measures+based+on+perceptions+and+reported+behavior%2C+the+inclusion+of+a+wide+range+of+control+variables+from+the+previous+literature%2C+and+estimation+by+a+variety+of+methods+including+instrumental+variables.+Moreover%2C+results+from+a+gravity+model+show+that+the+combination+of+slow+border+procedures+and+rampant+corruption+acts+as+a+significant+drag+on+international+trade%2C+in+line+with+the+model's+predictions%3A+the+elasticity+of+bilateral+trade+with+respect+to+trade+time+is+around+5%25+stronger+in+a+country+with+rampant+corruption+compared+with+a+corruption+free+country.+Together%2C+these+results+suggest+that+improved+trade+facilitation+can+be+an+effective+and+feasible+policy+for+reducing+corruption+over+the+short-term+in+weak+institutional+environments.&rft.date=2009-09-16&rft.type=MPRA+Paper&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fmpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de%2F17337%2F1%2FMPRA_paper_17337.pdf&rft.identifier=++Shepherd%2C+Ben++(2009)%3A+Speed+Money%3A+Time%2C+Corruption%2C+and+Trade.++++&rft.language=en