International venturing emerging paradigms - a study of the Indian IT industry

Varma, Sumati (2008): International venturing emerging paradigms - a study of the Indian IT industry.

Abstract

Cross border mergers and acquisitions is the fastest means of making an international presence for a business firm. It is a mode of outward FDI which has so far been explained best in terms of Dunning’s OLI framework. The emergence of outbound FDI from the developing world however, has looked at alternate frameworks emphasizing outward orientation, leverage through building linkages and achieving organizational efficiency through integration. The study seeks to explain outbound M&A in the Indian IT industry during 2000-2006, in the changing global competitive scenario .

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Cross-border mergers and acquisitions; Indian IT, motives; strategy
• Subjects: F - International Economics > F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business > F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business; G - Financial Economics > G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance > G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance

References

REFERENCES: Buckley, P.J. and M.C Casson (1998), ‘Models of The Multinational Enterprise’, Journal of international Business Studies 29 (1): 21-44.

Buckley, P.J. and M.C Casson (1976), The future of the Multinational Enterprise, Holmes and Meier: London.

Caves, R. E. (1971). "International corporations: The international economics of foreign investment." Economica 38(1-17).

Coase R.H.(1937) “International Corporations: The Industrial Economics of Foreign Investment” Economica, pp 386 – 405.

Dimitratos, P., Johnson, J.E., Slow, J. and Young, S. (2003) ‘Micromultinationals: new types of firms for the global competitive landscape’, European Management Journal 21(2): 164–174.

Dunning, J. (2000), “The eclectic paradigm as an envelope for economic and business theories of MNE activity”, International Business Review, 9, pp. 163-190.

Dunning, J. (2000), “The eclectic paradigm as an envelope for economic and business theories of MNE activity”, International Business Review, 9, pp. 163-190.

Dunning, J. (2001). "The eclectic (OLI) paradigm on international production: Past, present and future." International Journal of the Economics of Business 8: 173-190.

Dunning, J. (2006). "Comment on Dragon multinationals: New players in 21st century globalisation." Asia Pacific Journal of Management 23: 139-141.

Dunning, J. and R. Narula, Eds. (1996). Foreign direct investment and governments: Catalysts for economic restructuring. London, Routledge.

Hymer, Stephens, (1976), ‘The International Operations of National Firms : A Study of Direct Foreign Investment’, Boston: MIT Press

Ibeh, K., Johnson, J.E., Dimitratos, P. and Slow, J. (2004) ‘Micromultinationals: some preliminary evidence on an emergent ‘‘Star’’ of the international entrepreneurship field’, Journal of International Entrepreneurship 2(4): 289–303.

Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (1977). The internationalization process of the firm: A model of knowledge development and increasing foreign market commitment. Journal of International Business Studies, 8: 23-32.

Knight, G.A. and Cavusgil, T.S. (2004) ‘Innovation, organizational capabilities, and the born-global firm Journal of International Business Studies 35(2): 124–141.

Kumar, K. and M. G. McLeod, Eds. (1981). Multinationals from developing countries. Lexington, M.A, Lexington Books.

Lall, S. (1983). The new multinationals: The spread of third world enterprises. Chichester, Wiley.

Lecraw, D. J. (1977). "Direct investment by firms from less developed countries." Oxford Economic Papers 29: 442-57.

Lindqvist, M. (1991) ‘Infant Multinationals: The Internationalization of Young, Technology-Based Swedish Firms’, PhD dissertation, Institute of International Business, Stockholm.

Luo Yadong and Rosalie L Tung (2007) “International Expansion of Emerging Market Enterprises: A Springboard Perspective” Journal of international Business Studies, 38 pp 481-498.

Mathews, J. A. (2002). "Competitive advantages of the latecomer firm: A resource based account of industrial catch-up strategies." Asia Pacific Journal of Management 19: 467-488.

Mathews, J. A. (2006). "Dragon Multinationals: New players in 21st century globalisation." Asia Pacific Journal of Management 23: 5-27.

Mathews, J.A and Ivo Zander (2007), “The International Entrepreneurial Dynamics of Accelerated Internationalisation”, Journal of international Business Studies, pp 1 -17.

Oviatt, B.M. and McDougall, P.P. (1997) ‘Challenges for internationalization process theory: the case of international new ventures’, Management International Review 37 (Special issue on internationalization processes): 85–99.

Oviatt, B.M. and McDougall, P.P. (1999) ‘A Framework for Understanding Accelerated International Entrepreneurship’, in R. Wright (ed.) Research in Global Strategic Management, JAI Press: Stamford, CT, pp: 23–40.

Oviatt, B.M. and McDougall, P.P. (2005) ‘The internationalization of entrepreneurship’, Journal of International Business Studies 36(1): 2–8.

Perlmutter, H.V. (1969). The tortuous evolution of the multinational corporation. Columbia Journal of World Business, 4: 9-18.

Pradhan, J.P. and V. Abraham (2005), ‘Overseas Mergers and Acquisitions by Indian Enterprises: Patterns and Motivations’, Indian Journal of Economics, Vol. LXXXV, pp. 365–386.

Pradhan, J.P. (2007), ‘Growth of Indian Multinationals in the World Economy: Implications for Development’, ISID Working Paper, No. 2007/04, Institute for Studies in Industrial Development, New Delhi.

Rennie, M.W. (1993) ‘Born global’, McKinsey Quarterly 4: 45–52.

UNCTAD (2007), Global Players from Emerging Markets: Strengthening Enterprise Competitiveness through Outward Investment, United Nations, New York and Geneva.

Wells, L. T. 1998. “Multinationals and the developing countries.” Journal of International Business Studies, 29(1):101–114.