2024-03-29T09:14:25Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:71
2019-09-28T04:31:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4337
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71/
Scientific Revolution? A Farewell to EconWPA. MPRA is welcome.
Harin, Alexander
C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
A1 - General Economics
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
A new approach is presented. It is based on a generalization of a breach of a term of contract and on the economic uncertainty principle. Problems, which can be solved, research fields, which can be augmented or created, and fields of applications in practical economy are reviewed. The role of information media is described.
2006-10-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71/1/MPRA_paper_71.pdf
Harin, Alexander (2006): Scientific Revolution? A Farewell to EconWPA. MPRA is welcome.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:105
2019-09-30T13:34:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4337
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105/
Scientific Revolution? A Farewell to EconWPA. MPRA is welcome.
Harin, Alexander
C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
A1 - General Economics
A new approach is presented. It is based on a generalization of a breach of a term of contract and on the economic uncertainty principle. Problems, which can be solved, research fields, which can be augmented or created, and fields of applications in practical economy are reviewed. The role of information media is described.
2006-10-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105/1/MPRA_paper_105.pdf
Harin, Alexander (2006): Scientific Revolution? A Farewell to EconWPA. MPRA is welcome.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:106
2019-10-01T04:44:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/106/
The role of professional economists in the financial markets
Porzecanski, Arturo C.
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
D53 - Financial Markets
Economists have always been interested in the workings of the financial markets, but most of them neither seek nor get the opportunity to work in a financial institution as a professional economist. Here we detail how (a minority of) economists became involved in the financial markets, and what that professional involvement has entailed, in order to come up with implications for economists who are considering working in the financial markets as well as for the universities that provide training for future economists.
2006-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/106/1/MPRA_paper_106.pdf
Porzecanski, Arturo C. (2006): The role of professional economists in the financial markets.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:415
2019-09-27T15:19:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/415/
Is Macroeconomics a Science?
Barnett, William A.
B41 - Economic Methodology
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
C00 - General
B20 - General
A10 - General
This paper was written as the first draft of the invited Foreword for the book, Money and the Economy, by Apostolos Serletis. The paper provides a critical view of those areas in which methodology in economics deviates from that in the physical sciences, provides examples and illustrations of those deviations, and emphasizes those areas of and approaches to economic research that most closely correspond with the nature of research in the physical sciences.
2006-01-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/415/1/MPRA_paper_415.pdf
Barnett, William A. (2006): Is Macroeconomics a Science?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:622
2019-10-03T12:09:29Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413139
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/622/
Gender disparities in education - needs community participation
Pandey, Adya Prasad
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
A1 - General Economics
A19 - Other
Education is the most important instrument for human resource development. Education of girls therefore, occupies top priority amongst various measures taken to improve the status of the girl child. The government has resolved to make the right to free and compulsory elementary education a Fundamental Right and to enforce it through suitable statutory measures. Universalisation of Elementary Education (UEE) has been accepted as a national goal since 1950. In order to achieve the goal, concerted efforts have been made and as a result, the elementary education system in India has become one of the largest in the world. The primary education enrolment rates of girls have a positive impact on economic well-being of women, their families and society in the long run. Since the mother carries the main burden of looking after the health of her child, how well she does this task depends on the knowledge and confidence that she gains from education.
2006-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/622/1/MPRA_paper_622.pdf
Pandey, Adya Prasad (2006): Gender disparities in education - needs community participation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:635
2019-10-28T18:16:21Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:767
2019-09-26T14:07:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/767/
Evolving Economics: Synthesis
Stanton, Angela A.
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
A10 - General
This paper reviews the literature of behavioral-, experimental-, and neuro-economics research with the ultimatum and the dictator games.
“One may wonder whether Adam Smith, were he working today, would not be a neuroeconomi[st]”
Aldo Rustichini 2005
2006-04-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/767/1/MPRA_paper_767.pdf
Stanton, Angela A. (2006): Evolving Economics: Synthesis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:770
2019-10-08T14:25:01Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/770/
A Flexibilidade das Estruturas Curriculares Portuguesas Enquanto Implicação do Processo de Bolonha nas Licenciaturas em Economia: uma comparação com a Europa
Monteiro, Henrique
Ferreira Lopes, Alexandra
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A22 - Undergraduate
In this article we perform a comparative analysis of the study plans of Economics undergraduate degrees between Portugal and the best European institutions, for the school year 2004-2005. The analysis indicates a lower flexibility of Portuguese undergraduate courses, with a greater proportion of required disciplines and less electives offered. The study provides significant evidence on the essential courses to include in the study plans of future undergraduate Economics degrees in Portugal, with a reduced length of three years and about their required or optional nature.
2005-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/770/1/MPRA_paper_770.pdf
Monteiro, Henrique and Ferreira Lopes, Alexandra (2005): A Flexibilidade das Estruturas Curriculares Portuguesas Enquanto Implicação do Processo de Bolonha nas Licenciaturas em Economia: uma comparação com a Europa. Published in: Cadernos de Economia No. 76 (September 2006): pp. 54-63.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:771
2019-09-26T08:45:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/771/
A Comparison of the Undergraduate Economics Major in Europe and in the United States
Monteiro, Henrique
Ferreira Lopes, Alexandra
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A22 - Undergraduate
In this work we compare the undergraduate Economics majors and their underlying structure in the top-ranked Economics departments of Europe and the United States. We identify the fundamental courses usually included in an Economics major by means of a cluster analysis. We further distinguish between those courses which are required and those which are usually offered as electives. We find striking differences between the USA and Europe, especially regarding the nature of the main electives offered. The insights from this comparative study could be especially useful for the ongoing restructuring of undergraduate Economics majors in some European countries caused by the Bologna Process.
2006-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/771/1/MPRA_paper_771.pdf
Monteiro, Henrique and Ferreira Lopes, Alexandra (2006): A Comparison of the Undergraduate Economics Major in Europe and in the United States. Published in: International Review of Economics Education , Vol. 6, No. 2 (2007): pp. 9-26.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1440
2019-09-26T17:15:52Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433931
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433932
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433733
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D44:4438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1440/
Endogenous Network Formation In the Laboratory
Celen, Bogachan
Hyndman, Kyle
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior
C73 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games ; Evolutionary Games ; Repeated Games
A14 - Sociology of Economics
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
This paper provides an experimental test of a theory of endogenous network formation. A group of subjects face a decision problem under
uncertainty. The subjects are endowed with a private information about the fundamentals of the problem, and they are supposed to make a
decision one after the other. The key feature of the experiment is that a subject can observe the decisions of the preceding subjects by
forming links. A link is costly, yet it enables a subject to observe previous decisions of those to whom he is linked. We show that subjects respond to changes in the information structure and the cost of link formation in the expected manner. However, we also show that behavior systematically deviates from the Bayesian benchmark as subjects form more links than theory predicts. Subjects also exhibit a tendency to conform rather than follow their own information. In order to explain this pattern, we provide an econometric model that posits that subjects care about their relative standing in the group. We show that the modified model provides a better fit than a standard QRE.
2006-12-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1440/1/MPRA_paper_1440.pdf
Celen, Bogachan and Hyndman, Kyle (2006): Endogenous Network Formation In the Laboratory.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1540
2019-10-02T04:36:59Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413239
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1540/
Electronic publishing: technical constraints with policy consequences
Freeman, Alan
A29 - Other
A20 - General
This paper reviews the impact of two convergent trends in publication; the growth of 'electronic dissemination' through bodies such as Social Science Electronic Publishing, and the increasing electronic presence of normal journals. It assesses the prospects and difficulties surrounding emergent projects of fully-electronic refereed publications such as the new journal of the Society for Non-Linear Economic Dynamics.
It discusses a project, current at the time, to convert the annual proceedings of a regular economics conference into a refereed electronic publication, and review the issues governing choice of medium, editorial standards and procedures, citation, authentication and copyright.
This project subsequently matured into the refereed online journal Critique of Political Economy (COPE) [www.copejournal.org]
1997-11-16
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1540/1/MPRA_paper_1540.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1997): Electronic publishing: technical constraints with policy consequences. Published in: Proceedings of the 1997 CALECO (Computer-aided learning in Economics) conference. (1997)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1772
2019-09-27T09:31:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1772/
El rompecabezas de la investigación económica en el Caribe colombiano 1996-2005 (in Spanish)
Toro González, Daniel
Espinosa Espinosa, Aarón
Quintero Otero, Jorge
B00 - General
A10 - General
R10 - General
In this article it is realized an inventory of the production of academic and scientific articles about economics in Colombian Caribbean Coast in the last 10 years. The document analyses the scientific production in economics realized in the Caribbean Coast and about the Caribbean Coast, in order to establish a map of the regional economic research and realize an approximation to the accumulated production and the general tendencies of the publications. To accomplish this goal, it was used the JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) Classification System as a platform for completing the puzzle by topics. Among other aspects, the study shows that three non-university institutions are responsible for the 67% of the regional academic production about economics. 40% of total considered production was realized by the 10% of the Caribbean Coast researches. 51% of the JEL Classifications have not being approached by region researches. Finally, there are few institutions with a systemic and deep job in a specific topic, which is why there are many possibilities of specialization for institution that have not defined its research lines and want to be pioneers in some economic analysis topic.
2005-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1772/1/MPRA_paper_1772.pdf
Toro González, Daniel and Espinosa Espinosa, Aarón and Quintero Otero, Jorge (2005): El rompecabezas de la investigación económica en el Caribe colombiano 1996-2005 (in Spanish). Published in: Economía & Región , Vol. Vol.2, No. No.4 (December 2006): pp. 9-44.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1959
2019-09-30T06:02:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453232
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473232
7375626A656374733D43:4337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1959/
Principle of uncertain future and utility
Harin, Alexander
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
A1 - General Economics
E22 - Investment ; Capital ; Intangible Capital ; Capacity
G22 - Insurance ; Insurance Companies ; Actuarial Studies
C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
The principle of uncertain future: the probability of a future event contains a degree of (hidden) uncertainty. As a result, this uncertainty (in a sense, similar to vibrations, fluctuations) pushes the probability value back from the bounds to the middle of its range (from ~100% and ~0% to the middle probability values). In other words, the real values of high probabilities are lower than the preliminarily determined ones. Conversely, the real values of low probabilities are higher than the preliminarily determined ones. This result provides the uniform solution of a number of fundamental problems: the underweighting of high and the overweighting of low probabilities, the Allais paradox, risk aversion, loss aversion, the Ellsberg paradox, the equity premium puzzle, etc. The principle and its consequences can be applied in the fields of banking, investment, insurance, trade, industry, planning and forecasting. Explanations of the principle and examples of solution of three types of basic utility problems are provided.
2007-02-28
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1959/1/MPRA_paper_1959.pdf
Harin, Alexander (2007): Principle of uncertain future and utility.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2129
2019-09-27T04:53:16Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2129/
Response to worrying trends in econophysics
McCauley, Joseph L.
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
C0 - General
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
This article is a response to the recent “Worrying Trends in Econophysics” critique written by four respected theoretical economists [1]. Two of the four have written books and papers that provide very useful critical analyses of the shortcomings of the standard textbook
economic model, neo-classical economic theory [2,3] and have even endorsed my book [4]. Largely, their new paper reflects criticism that I have long made [4,5,6,7,] and that our group as a whole has more recently made [8]. But I differ with the authors on some of their
criticism, and partly with their proposed remedy.
2006-05-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2129/1/MPRA_paper_2129.pdf
McCauley, Joseph L. (2006): Response to worrying trends in econophysics. Published in: Physica A , Vol. 371, No. 2 (15 November 2006): pp. 601-609.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2130
2019-10-03T04:55:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2130/
Making dynamic modelling effective in economics
McCauley, Joseph L.
C0 - General
G0 - General
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
Mathematics has been extremely effective in physics, but not in economics beyond finance. To establish economics as science we should follow the Galilean method and try to deduce mathematical models of markets from empirical data, as has been done for financial markets. Financial markets are nonstationary. This means that 'value' is subjective. Nonstationarity also means that the form of the noise in a market cannot be postulated a priroi, but must be deduced from the empirical data. I discuss the essence of complexity in a market as unexpected events, and end with a biological speculation about market growth.
2004-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2130/1/MPRA_paper_2130.pdf
McCauley, Joseph L. (2004): Making dynamic modelling effective in economics. Published in: Physica A , Vol. 355, (2005): pp. 1-9.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2158
2019-09-26T08:32:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4435
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2158/
Economic system dynamics
McCauley, Joseph L.
Küffner, Cornelia M.
D5 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
B4 - Economic Methodology
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
We provide the reader with a qualitative summary of the main ideas from econophysics and finance theory, starting with a thorough criticism of the standard ideas taught in typical economics textbooks. The emphasis is on the Galilean or physicists' approach to market synamics, as opposed to the standard nonempirical postulatory one.
2004
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2158/1/MPRA_paper_2158.pdf
McCauley, Joseph L. and Küffner, Cornelia M. (2004): Economic system dynamics. Published in: Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society , Vol. 1, (2004): pp. 213-220.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2159
2019-09-26T12:15:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4435
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2159/
Thermodynamic analogies in economics and finance: instability of markets
McCauley, Joseph l.
D5 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
Interest in thermodynamic analogies in economics is older than the idea of von Neumann to look for market entropy in liquidity, advice that was not taken in any thermodynamic analogy presented so far in the literature. In this paper we go further and use a standard strategy from trading theory to pinpoint why thermodynamic analogies necessarily fail to describe financial markets, in spite of the presence of liquidity as the underlying basis for market entropy. Market liquidity of frequently traded assets does play the role of the ‘heat bath‘, as anticipated by von Neumann, but we are able to identify the no-arbitrage condition geometrically as an assumption of translational and rotational invariance rather than (as finance theorists would claim) an equilibrium condition. We then use the empirical market distribution to introduce an asset’s entropy and discuss the underlying reason why real financial markets cannot behave thermodynamically: financial markets are unstable, they do not approach statistical equilibrium, nor are there any available topological invariants on which to base a purely formal statistical mechanics. After discussing financial markets, we finally generalize our result by proposing that the idea of Adam Smith’s Invisible Hand is a falsifiable proposition: we suggest how to test nonfinancial markets empirically for the stabilizing action of The Invisible Hand.
2004
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2159/1/MPRA_paper_2159.pdf
McCauley, Joseph l. (2004): Thermodynamic analogies in economics and finance: instability of markets. Published in: Physica A , Vol. 329, (2003): pp. 199-212.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2163
2019-09-28T17:43:06Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4435
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2163/
The Futility of Utility: how market dynamics marginalize Adam Smith
McCauley, Joseph L.
D5 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
General Equilibrium Theory in econometrics is based on the vague notion of utility. Prices, dynamics, and market equilibria are supposed to be derived from utility. Utility is sometimes treated like a potential, other times like a Lagrangian. Illegal assumptions of integrability of actions and dynamics are usually made. Economists usually assume that price is the gradient of utility in equilibrium, but I observe instead that price as the gradient of utility is an integrability condition for the Hamiltonian dynamics of an optimization problem. I discuss both deterministic and statistical descriptions of the dynamics of excess demand and observe that Adam Smith's stabilizing hand is not to be found either in deterministic or stochastic dynamical models of markets nor in the observed motions of asset prices. Evidence for stability of prices of assets in free markets has not been found.
1999-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2163/1/MPRA_paper_2163.pdf
McCauley, Joseph L. (1999): The Futility of Utility: how market dynamics marginalize Adam Smith. Published in: Physica A , Vol. 285, (2000): pp. 506-538.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2240
2019-09-28T21:35:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2240/
What Economists can learn from physics and finance
McCauley, Joseph L.
C0 - General
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
Some economists (Mirowski, 2002) have asserted that the neoclassical economic model was motivated by Newtonian mechanics. This viewpoint encourages confusion. Theoretical mechanics is firmly grounded in reproducible empirical observations and experiments, and provides a very accurate description of macroscopic motions to within high decimal precision. In stark contrast, neo-classical economics, or ‘rational expectations’ (ratex), is a merely postulated model that cannot be used to describe any real market or economy, even to zeroth order in perturbation theory. In mechanics we study both chaotic and complex dynamics whereas ratex restricts itself to equilibrium. Wigner (1967) has isolated the reasons for what he called ‘the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in physics’. In this article we isolate the reason for what Velupillai (2005), who was motivated by Wigner (1960), has called the ineffectiveness of mathematics in economics. I propose a remedy, namely, that economic theory should strive for the same degree of empirical success in modeling markets and economies as is exhibited by finance theory.
2004-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2240/1/MPRA_paper_2240.pdf
McCauley, Joseph L. (2004): What Economists can learn from physics and finance.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2276
2019-09-26T09:01:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453233
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413232
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453239
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453133
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2276/
Phillips Curve for Advanced Economies on Period 1996-2007 - United States and Euro Area Case
Manuel, Eduardo
E23 - Production
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
A22 - Undergraduate
E29 - Other
E13 - Neoclassical
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
A23 - Graduate
This paper explains and shows us the Phillips Curve for advanced economies on period 1996-2007 for specially for the United States and Euro area case. The informations for 2006 and 2007 was considered being in attention the forecasting of International Monetary Fund (IMF) for these years.
We concluded that the true form of Phillips curve for short and long-run will not be verified always that exist equal evolution of their variables or for others words, always that inflation and unemployment rates growing to same direction, in both regions or in any region, the Phillips curve never will have their normal form and this just happen when inflation and unemployment rates growing for different directions (in the short-run) and when inflation rate is growing and unemployment doesn't (in the long-run).
2006-06-28
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2276/1/MPRA_paper_2276.pdf
Manuel, Eduardo (2006): Phillips Curve for Advanced Economies on Period 1996-2007 - United States and Euro Area Case. Published in: Social Science Research Network (16 April 2007)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2290
2019-10-23T17:46:24Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2369
2019-09-26T19:27:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2369/
Evolving Economics: Synthesis
Stanton, Angela
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
A10 - General
This paper reviews the literature of behavioral-, experimental-, and neuro-economics research with the ultimatum and the dictator games.
“One may wonder whether Adam Smith, were he working today, would not be a neuroeconomi[st]”
Aldo Rustichini 2005
2006-04-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2369/1/MPRA_paper_2369.pdf
Stanton, Angela (2006): Evolving Economics: Synthesis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2549
2019-09-27T12:08:04Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463133
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2549/
Friedrich List'in Bebek Endüstriler Tezi
Kibritçioğlu, Aykut
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations
O10 - General
After presenting a broad review of Friedrich List's infant industry argument (Erziehungszollargument) departing from collected works of List, this study aims to compare his ideas with that of Hamilton, Say, Mill, Bastable and Kemp. It underlines the restricted theoretical validity of the argument in modern terms of economics.
1996
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2549/1/MPRA_paper_2549.pdf
Kibritçioğlu, Aykut (1996): Friedrich List'in Bebek Endüstriler Tezi. Published in: Uluslararası (Makro)İktisat (1996): pp. 49-83.
tr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2585
2019-10-13T04:52:57Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413239
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413232
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2585/
Space, computers and learning
Freeman, Alan
ryan, malcolm
A29 - Other
A22 - Undergraduate
A20 - General
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
This paper aims to provoke thinking about the way people can use computers to learn, the way tutors or instructors can integrate them into their curriculum, and the consequences for the way that the computers themselves are laid out and timetabled. Our experience (Ryan, M., Wells, J., Freeman, A. and Hallam, G. 1996) led us to conclude that though computers radically modify the learning process, they do not replace the tutor. Instead, they change the way that tutor and student interact. By reflecting on the three-way interaction between students, tutors and computers we suggest a theory of the physical space that these occupy, and its consequences for classroom design.
Keywords: digital, creativity, education, computers, resource-based learning
2000-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2585/1/MPRA_paper_2585.pdf
Freeman, Alan and ryan, malcolm (2000): Space, computers and learning.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2595
2019-09-27T13:02:40Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2595/
Adam Smith'in "Uluslararası İktisat Kuramı"na Katkıları Hakkında
Kibritçioğlu, Aykut
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
F10 - General
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
Adam Smith is generally ignored as a trade theorist in textbooks of international economics because of the common belief that he only confirmed the rule of absolute advantages to explain structure of foreign trade. However, his vent-for-surplus approach may be interpreted as a pioneering study which stresses the importance of economies-of-scale in explaining the structure of trade. This short paper addresses to the undeniable influence of Smith's concepts such as "extent of the market", "division of labor", "improved dexterity in every particular workman" and "simple inventions coming from workman" on trade theory.
1994
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2595/1/MPRA_paper_2595.pdf
Kibritçioğlu, Aykut (1994): Adam Smith'in "Uluslararası İktisat Kuramı"na Katkıları Hakkında. Published in: Uluslararası (Makro)İktisat (1996): pp. 31-38.
tr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2618
2019-10-04T04:37:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2618/
Value and Marx: why it matters
Freeman, Alan
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
A1 - General Economics
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B00 - General
B50 - General
This is the English version of ‘Valore e Marx: Perche sono importanti’ which appeared in Vasopollo, L (2002) (ed) ‘Un Vecchio Falso Problema: La Transformazione dei valori in prezzi nel Capital di Marx’, Roma: Laboratoria per la critica sociale.
It was presented at the May 2002 conference organised by the Laboratorio per la critica sociale in Rome.
It summarises the debate to this point on the temporal and simultaneous approaches to value and on the alleged inconsistencies in Marx’s approach.
Keywords: TSSI, MELT, value, Marx, price, profit rate, Okishio, non-equilibrium, equilibrium, money, sraffa
2002-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2618/1/MPRA_paper_2618.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2002): Value and Marx: why it matters. Published in: Proteo No. 2001-2 (2002): pp. 52-61.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2730
2019-09-27T09:06:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2730/
Is Fairness in the Eye of the Beholder? An Impartial Spectator Analysis of Justice
Konow, James
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
A popular sentiment is that fairness is inexorably subjective and incapable of being determined by objective standards. This study, on the other hand, seeks to establish evidence on unbiased justice and to propose and demonstrate a general approach for measuring impartial views empirically. Most normative justice theories associate impartiality with limited information and with consensus, i.e., a high level of agreement about what is right. In both the normative and positive literature, information is usually seen as the raw material for self-serving bias and disagreement. In contrast, this paper proposes a type of impartiality that is associated with a high level of information. The crucial distinction is the emphasis here on the views of impartial spectators, rather than implicated stakeholders. I describe the quasi-spectator method, i.e., an empirical means to approximate the views of impartial spectators that is based on a direct relationship between information and consensus, whereby consensus refers to the level of agreement among actual evaluators of real world situations. Results of surveys provide evidence on quasi-spectator views and support this approach as a means to elicit moral preferences. By establishing a relationship between consensus and impartiality, this paper seeks to help lay an empirical foundation for welfare analysis, social choice theory and practical policy applications.
2006-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2730/1/MPRA_paper_2730.pdf
Konow, James (2006): Is Fairness in the Eye of the Beholder? An Impartial Spectator Analysis of Justice. Published in: Social Choice and Welfare , Vol. 33, No. 1 (June 2009): pp. 101-127.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2881
2019-09-28T04:55:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2881/
On the Robustness of Alternative Rankings Methodologies: Australian and New Zealand Economics Departments, 1988-2002
Sinha, Dipendra
Macri, Joseph
McAleer, Michael
A14 - Sociology of Economics
Just as friendly arguments based on an ignorance of facts eventually led to the creation of the definitive Guinness Book of World Records, any argument about university rankings has seemingly been a problem without a solution. To state the obvious, alternative rankings methodologies can and do lead to different rankings. This paper evaluates the robustness of rankings of Australian and New Zealand economics teaching departments for 1988-2002 and 1996-2002 using alternative rankings methodologies, and compares the results with the rankings obtained by Macri and Sinha (2006). In the overall mean rankings for both 1988-2006 and 1996-2002, the University of Melbourne is ranked first, followed by UWA and ANU.
2007-02-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2881/1/MPRA_paper_2881.pdf
Sinha, Dipendra and Macri, Joseph and McAleer, Michael (2007): On the Robustness of Alternative Rankings Methodologies: Australian and New Zealand Economics Departments, 1988-2002.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2885
2019-10-03T04:47:57Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2885/
How Much Influence Do Economics Professors Have on Rankings? The Case of Australia and New Zealand
Sinha, Dipendra
Macri, Joseph
A14 - Sociology of Economics
This study ranks Australian and New Zealand economics teaching departments on the basis of the research productivity of its economics professors in economics teaching departments using quality adjusted journal articles listed on the ECONLIT database for the periods 1988-2002 and for 1996-2002. The per capita research productivity of professors is highest for University of Melbourne, University of Western Australia and University of Canterbury. For a number of economics departments, the per capita research productivity is lower than the research productivity of all faculty members, using a number of criteria for 1988-2002 and 1996-2002. These universities are University of Auckland, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Griffith University and Macquarie University.
2007-01-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2885/1/MPRA_paper_2885.pdf
Sinha, Dipendra and Macri, Joseph (2007): How Much Influence Do Economics Professors Have on Rankings? The Case of Australia and New Zealand.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2978
2019-10-02T16:51:15Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2978/
Book Review: “Teaching Economics in Islamic Perspective“ By M.N.Siddiqi
Hasan, Zubair
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
This is a critical evaluation of the book on the teaching of Islamic Economics by M. N. Siddiqi
1998
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2978/1/MPRA_paper_2978.pdf
Hasan, Zubair (1998): Book Review: “Teaching Economics in Islamic Perspective“ By M.N.Siddiqi. Published in: Islamic Economic Studies, IRTI jeddah , Vol. 6, No. 1 (1998): pp. 111-132.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2981
2019-09-27T07:31:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2981/
Islamization of Knowledge in Economics: Issues and Agenda
Hasan, Zubair
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
A20 - General
This paper discusses three issues - worldview differences, revelation-reason relationship, and the question of methodology - important for Islamizing knowledge in the field of economics and presents also the outlines of an agenda for action.
Western worldview separates the mundane from the spiritual aspect of human existence while Islam keeps the two unified. This makes the goals, scope, and principles of secular economics in many ways different from those of Islam in the area
Reason alone is the basis of theoretical formulations in secular economics. Islam too encourages people to use intellect for analyzing observations and draw inferences to discover the truth but within the confines of the Sha’riah : reason is not allowed to violate revelation.Evidently, procedures priorities, and prescriptions, can rarely be the same in the Islamic as in secular economics.
Methodology of secular economics essentially is a posterior development. It has invariably sought to rationalize what economists have actually been doing over the centuries so as to fortify the evolving doctrine of free enterprize.In contrast, for Islamic economics the doctrine was already contained in the revelation. To discover- not to invent-has been and remains the task of methodology in Islamic economics. Unlike the secular dispensation, the glide here is from methodology to economics, not vice versa.
Agenda outlines focus on considerations in preparing reading materials , and in developing curricula
1998
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2981/1/MPRA_paper_2981.pdf
Hasan, Zubair (1998): Islamization of Knowledge in Economics: Issues and Agenda. Published in: IIUM Journal of Economics and Management , Vol. 6, No. 1 (1998): pp. 1-40.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2983
2019-09-26T19:55:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2983/
Nobel İktisat Ödülleri Üzerine Bir Yorum
Soyak, Alkan
A20 - General
Since the neoclassical economics dominants in the literature, its scientific power can be possible sanctify by Nobel prizes. So it’s a normal process that the Nobel prizes reflect the new trends in economics. When the causal relationship between powerfull of orthodoxy and nobel prizes in economics turns over, an interesting case study occurs. The main purpose of the studuy is to discuss that how Nobel prizes effect on methods, trends and problems of economic analysis. So some arrguments based on the interest areas of the nobel laureates will be developed and some empirical observations will be introduced in this paper.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2983/1/MPRA_paper_2983.pdf
Soyak, Alkan (2003): Nobel İktisat Ödülleri Üzerine Bir Yorum. Published in: Finans & Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar No. 256 (2003): pp. 74-87.
tr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3049
2019-09-28T14:45:16Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433931
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3049/
Individual learning: theory formation, and feedback in a complex task
Novarese, Marco
Lanteri, Alessandro
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
We present an experiment for the study of learning in a complex task which requires both memorisation and the ability to process several pieces of information. The outcome of an action, for which immediate feedback is given, depends on the context (i.e. one of thirty-two sequences of three features) which is know and visible to the subjects. Subjects develop some theories of the experimental world, which result in the stable repetition of some actions in response to certain conditions. These theories are modified after feedback, however mistaken answers are repeated and correct answers abandoned. During the game, theories become more effective (i.e. they afford more correct answers and a higher score), yet the improvements slow down. The theories follow from only a portion of the available information and when they become successful (i.e. towards the end of the experiment) the subjects start refining them to include a larger subset of the information, this causes more stable mistakes.
2007-04-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3049/1/MPRA_paper_3049.pdf
Novarese, Marco and Lanteri, Alessandro (2007): Individual learning: theory formation, and feedback in a complex task.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3054
2019-09-30T19:31:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3054/
How to Reduce the Risk Of Banking Problems
Deabes, Tosson
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
This paper reviews the existing evidence on the origins of banking crises, provides new results on the impact of government bank ownership on financial stability, and discusses policy options that can prevent and mitigate the consequences of banking crises. We find that government ownership of banks increases the likelihood and fiscal cost of crises; albeit the latter result is weak. Among the policies recommended to minimize the occurrence of crises, we highlight the importance of sound macroeconomic policies, adequate financial infrastructure, incentive compatible regulations, and limiting government interference in the banking sector.
2003-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3054/1/MPRA_paper_3054.pdf
Deabes, Tosson (2003): How to Reduce the Risk Of Banking Problems.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3062
2019-10-01T14:18:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443832
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3062/
Antecipar a “Revolta na Bounty”. Viagem pela avaliação de alunos e docentes
Mourao, Paulo
D80 - General
A20 - General
D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information ; Mechanism Design
A teacher needs, as an economic analyst, to use indicators that give her accurate information about the classes. This work aims at testing the hypothesis: “The perceptions of the students about the subjects and about the teacher vary according to the specificity of each class”. For this purpose, it was used a factorial analysis with some classes from the University of Minho during the years 2001 and 2002. It concludes by recognizing the validity of the hypothesis.
2004-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3062/1/MPRA_paper_3062.pdf
Mourao, Paulo (2004): Antecipar a “Revolta na Bounty”. Viagem pela avaliação de alunos e docentes. Published in: Revista Iberoamericana de Educacion , Vol. 3, No. 40 (25 October 2006)
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3066
2019-09-27T05:06:34Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413232
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3066/
La Economia y Las Uvas de la ira
Mourao, Paulo
A22 - Undergraduate
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
Students may remark that, “Economics are not real.” This work suggests how Economics may help us to understand our world better. Steinbeck’s well-known novel, The Grapes of Wrath, tried to relate basic economic concepts to the events portrayed in the book to show that both Economics and Literature are useful for explaining the Great Depression’s complexity, specifically the complexity associated with workers migrating from state to state. This should make this text stimulating for some introductory undergraduate courses, suggesting market laws and other useful basic notions such as imperfect information, competitive markets or collective bargaining.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3066/1/MPRA_paper_3066.pdf
Mourao, Paulo (2005): La Economia y Las Uvas de la ira. Published in: Cuadernos de Economia (Colombia) , Vol. XXIV, No. 43 (2005): pp. 65-81.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3077
2019-09-26T15:20:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3831
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3139
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3239
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3639
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3139
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443239
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3077/
THE ANALYSIS OF FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES OF NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE INDUSTRY AND E-COMMERCE INDUSTRY CASES AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL
Manuel, Eduardo
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
M19 - Other
L29 - Other
L69 - Other
L19 - Other
D29 - Other
A23 - Graduate
This paper has as objective to do an analysis of five competitive forces of non-alcoholic industry and e-commerce industry at the global level.
The state of five competitive forces in both industries will depend always of evolution of these industries and government policies of the different countries of the world. For example if these industries are growing and if the govern permit others companies can enter into industry and can help to promote the competition in these industries, that is good for buyers, because they can choose where want to purchase something and what products or goods are according to their necessities or that permits to maximize their utility and it is according to their money amount available for it.
2007-04-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3077/1/MPRA_paper_3077.pdf
Manuel, Eduardo (2007): THE ANALYSIS OF FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES OF NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE INDUSTRY AND E-COMMERCE INDUSTRY CASES AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3120
2019-09-26T08:48:09Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3139
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3120/
Corporate Governance. Case Studies
Manuel, Eduardo
M10 - General
M19 - Other
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
A23 - Graduate
This paper pretends to do a theoretical approach of Corporate Governance, having as support some case studies about companies like Coca-Cola, Nokia, Microsoft, and Amazon.com.
The methodology adopted for this work is based in information from these companies available in their websites and annual reports.
I concluded that both companies show the corporate governance components according to their core business and their environmental business.
2007-04-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3120/1/MPRA_paper_3120.pdf
Manuel, Eduardo (2007): Corporate Governance. Case Studies. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3140
2019-09-29T01:51:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3140/
Positive self-image in tournaments
Santos-Pinto, Luís
J41 - Labor Contracts
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
This paper analyzes the implications of worker overestimation of productivity
for firms in which incentives take the form of tournaments. Each
worker overestimates his productivity but is aware of the bias in his opponent’s
self-assessment. The manager of the firm, on the other hand, correctly
assesses workers’ productivities and self-beliefs when setting tournament
prizes. The paper shows that, under a variety of circumstances, firms
make higher profits when workers have positive self-image than if workers
do not. By contrast, workers’ welfare declines due to their own misguided
choices.
2003-11-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3140/1/MPRA_paper_3140.pdf
Santos-Pinto, Luís (2003): Positive self-image in tournaments.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3141
2019-09-29T07:19:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3141/
Positive self-image and incentives in organizations
Santos-Pinto, Luís
J41 - Labor Contracts
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
This paper investigates the implications of individuals’ mistaken beliefs
of their abilities on incentives in organizations using the principal-agent
model of moral hazard. The paper shows that if effort is observable, then
an agent’s mistaken beliefs about own ability are always favorable to the
principal. However, if effort is unobservable, then an agent’s mistaken beliefs
about own ability can be either favorable or unfavorable to the principal.
The paper provides conditions under which an agent’s over estimation about
own ability is favorable to the principal when effort is unobservable. Finally,
the paper shows that workers’ mistaken beliefs about their coworkers’ abilities
make interdependent incentive schemes more attractive to firms than
individualistic incentive schemes.
2003-09-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3141/1/MPRA_paper_3141.pdf
Santos-Pinto, Luís (2003): Positive self-image and incentives in organizations.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3144
2019-09-29T04:51:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3431
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433933
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3144/
Forecasts of relative performance in tournaments: evidence from the field
Santos-Pinto, Luís
Park, Young-Joon
J41 - Labor Contracts
C93 - Field Experiments
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
This paper uses a field experiment to investigate the quality of individuals' forecasts of relative performance in tournaments. We ask players in luck-based (poker) and skill-based (chess) tournaments to make point forecasts of rank. The main finding of the paper is that players' forecasts in both types of tournaments are biased towards overestimation of relative performance. However, the size of the biases found is not as large as the ones often reported in the psychology literature. We also find support for the "unskilled and unaware hypothesis" in chess: high skilled chess players make better forecasts than low skilled chess players. Finally, we find that chess players' forecasts of relative performance are not efficient.
2004-06-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3144/1/MPRA_paper_3144.pdf
Santos-Pinto, Luís and Park, Young-Joon (2004): Forecasts of relative performance in tournaments: evidence from the field.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3146
2019-09-28T20:12:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3146/
Asymmetries in information processing in a decision theory framework
Santos-Pinto, Luís
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
Research in psychology suggests that some individuals are more sensitive to
positive than to negative information while others are more sensitive to negative
rather than positive information. I take these cognitive positive-negative
asymmetries in information processing to a Bayesian decision-theory model and
explore its consequences in terms of decisions and payoffs. I show that in monotone
decision problems economic agents with more positive-responsive information
structures are always better off, ex-ante, when they face problems where
payoffs are relatively more sensitive to the action chosen when the state of nature
is favorable.
2003-01-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3146/1/MPRA_paper_3146.pdf
Santos-Pinto, Luís (2003): Asymmetries in information processing in a decision theory framework.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3155
2019-09-26T13:12:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3831
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3639
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443239
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3139
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3239
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3139
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3155/
The Analysis of Five Competitive Forces of Non-Alcoholic Beverage Industry and E-Commerce Industry Cases at the global level
Manuel, Eduardo
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
L69 - Other
D29 - Other
A23 - Graduate
M19 - Other
L29 - Other
L19 - Other
This paper has as objective to do an analysis of five competitive forces of non-alcoholic industry and e-commerce industry at the global level.
The state of five competitive forces in both industries will depend always of evolution of these industries and government policies of the different countries of the world. For example if these industries are growing and if the govern permit others companies can enter into industry and can help to promote the competition in these industries, that is good for buyers, because they can choose where want to purchase something and what products or goods are according to their necessities or that permits to maximize their utility and it is according to their money amount available for it.
2007-04-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3155/1/MPRA_paper_3155.pdf
Manuel, Eduardo (2007): The Analysis of Five Competitive Forces of Non-Alcoholic Beverage Industry and E-Commerce Industry Cases at the global level.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3170
2019-10-01T01:32:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D48:4830
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3170/
In a democracy, Bayrou would have won. Application of the Borda Fixed Point method to the 2007 French presidential elections
Colignatus, Thomas
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
H0 - General
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
Democratic nations are advised to have parliaments select the chief executive by the Borda Fixed Point method. The current practice of having direct popular elections using systems that have originated in history is inoptimal and actually quite undemocratic since winners are selected who don’t reflect the national sentiment. The paper gives the example of the 2007 French presidential elections. Under the currently and historically grown system of run-off plurality Sarkozy got elected while the more democratic method of Borda Fixed Point would have generated Bayrou. The example uses reasonable assumptions on underlying micro preferences.
2007-05-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3170/1/MPRA_paper_3170.pdf
Colignatus, Thomas (2007): In a democracy, Bayrou would have won. Application of the Borda Fixed Point method to the 2007 French presidential elections.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3221
2019-10-04T16:50:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3221/
Coordonatele auditului in marketingul financiar-bancar - situatia din Romania
Dura, Codruta
Driga, Imola
M31 - Marketing
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
A10 - General
The general term of internal audit was established in relation to the financial accounting activity; this notion was gradually replaced by a new approach which expands the sphere of the audit so that the preoccupation for the future is very important for any audit activity. If forming and consolidating a favorable image of the bank among service consumers represents a marketing problem, then solving it requires numerous instruments from the marketing policies; the most important role is attributed to the audit. The final goal of the marketing audit is drawing up a table regarding the performances and the efficiency of the bank, in relation to the risks involved by financial institutions and its operations. In this respect, specialists in banking management have come up with different models of calculations and rating systems in their trials to obtain the most accurate scan of the “state of health” of the banks, and moreover in their trials to identify the institutions which face financial and operational difficulties leading to bankruptcy.
The uniform bank rating system is a specific instrument for the supervising activity and has its origins in the USA ; it has later been borrowed by German, Italian, Great Britain authorities, which use influential components in their banking system; later on, their system was adopted by most central banks within the European Union. In Romania, the uniform bank rating system has been implemented by N.B.R. (the National Bank of Romania) since 2000; the specific components that were analyzed are: the capital adequacy (C), the quality of assets (A), the management (M), profitability (P), liquidities (L) and sensitivity (S) starting from the year 2005. For short, this system is called CAMPL. The evaluation of these specific elements represents an important criterion for establishing a compound rating, which means assigning scores to each bank. The compound rating for the banking system is established based on economic – financial indicators and prudence indicators.
2007-04-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3221/1/MPRA_paper_3221.pdf
Dura, Codruta and Driga, Imola (2007): Coordonatele auditului in marketingul financiar-bancar - situatia din Romania.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3340
2019-10-01T22:13:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3340/
Is Economics Entering its Post-Witchcraft Era?
Potgieter, Petrus H.
Rosinger, Elemér E.
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
C02 - Mathematical Methods
Recently, an awareness is emerging in economics about the fact that important problems are not solvable algorithmically, that is, by any finite number of steps. This statement can be made mathematically exact and this paper reviews the contributions that have been made in this regard, related to standard topics in economics.
2007-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3340/1/MPRA_paper_3340.pdf
Potgieter, Petrus H. and Rosinger, Elemér E. (2007): Is Economics Entering its Post-Witchcraft Era?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3701
2019-10-02T04:11:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3701/
Cooperation as self-interested reciprocity in the Centipede
Farina, Francesco
Sbriglia, Patrizia
A10 - General
Cooperation is a pervasive social phenomenon but more often than not economic theories have little to say about its causes and consequences. In this paper, we explore the hypothesis that cooperative behaviour might be motivated by purely selfish interest when the “social” payoff in a game is increasing. We report the results of a series of experiments on the centipede game. The experiments are organized in two subsequent steps. Subjects first participate in a 2-period trust game, randomly matched with unknown partners. We apply the strategy method in order to elicit their social preferences. On the basis of their pre-game behaviour, individuals are divided into three main social groups: selfish individuals, pure altruists and reciprocators. At the second step of the experiment, subjects play a repeated 6-move centipede game with increasing final payoff. Each subject plays twice in a low stake and in a high centipede game, and he/she is informed about his/her co-player social preferences. We identify the origin of cooperation within homogeneous and heterogeneous social groups.
2007-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3701/1/MPRA_paper_3701.pdf
Farina, Francesco and Sbriglia, Patrizia (2007): Cooperation as self-interested reciprocity in the Centipede.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3726
2019-09-27T16:54:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D41:4132
7375626A656374733D48:4830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3726/
In a democracy, Bayrou would have won. Application of the Borda Fixed Point method to the 2007 French presidential elections
Colignatus, Thomas
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
H0 - General
Democratic nations are advised to have parliaments select the chief executive by the Borda Fixed Point method. The current practice of having direct popular elections using systems that have originated in history is inoptimal and actually quite undemocratic since winners are selected who don’t reflect the national sentiment. The paper gives the example of the 2007 French presidential elections. Under the currently and historically grown system of run-off plurality Sarkozy got elected while the more democratic method of Borda Fixed Point would have generated Bayrou. The example uses reasonable assumptions on underlying micro preferences. The parliamentary vote that followed the presidential vote and that annihilated Bayrou increased the paradox but not the principles involved.
2007-05-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3726/1/MPRA_paper_3726.pdf
Colignatus, Thomas (2007): In a democracy, Bayrou would have won. Application of the Borda Fixed Point method to the 2007 French presidential elections.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3733
2019-09-29T06:30:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3733/
The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O1 - Economic Development
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
This paper summarizes the theory of knowledge from the book of the same title by
the same author. The paper begins by asking, and answering, what knowledge is. In searching for precise definitions it rids itself of the ambiguous term of infinity. The seven main laws of knowledge are laid out and discussed. The theory is an economic theory and as such must mention how people choose to seek knowledge. Knowledge is treated like any other commodity or product such as an apple, copper or a television set. Choices must be made in order to acquire knowledge. The tool used is the same tool used for analyzing other commodities - marginal utility analysis. The paper moves on to develop a working function of knowledge. This function helps to give a clear picture of how knowledge gains and loses occur within a society. The function leads to an understanding of critical levels of knowledge as well as the term obsolete knowledge. The paper introduces the term ‘negative’ knowledge and demonstrates how time is lost and gained within the context of knowledge. The sum of knowledge is the last major issue discussed in this paper and it can be considered the ‘signature’ of the theory. The concept that two plus two is not always four differentiates the commodity knowledge from other commodities and products. Finally the implications of this unique property of the commodity knowledge are discussed with the aim of demonstrating how the world would end up as a better place for all with food, shelter, and security for all.
2006-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3733/1/MPRA_paper_3733.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2006): The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3734
2019-10-02T21:31:36Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3734/
Measuring a Society’s Knowledge Base
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
B41 - Economic Methodology
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
A1 - General Economics
The quest to measure knowledge effectively will in no doubt lead to better knowledge policies of governments around the world in both developing and developed countries. This paper endeavours to seta sound theoretical base for measuring knowledge and does this by demonstrating that existing tools used by economists for measuring knowledge are largely self contradictory, they contradict existing theory. Knowledge to be measured effectively we must give knowledge its own units like weight and length have their own units, only then can we say how much knowledge one needs to carry out a particular task.
2006-10-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3734/1/MPRA_paper_3734.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2006): Measuring a Society’s Knowledge Base.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3735
2019-09-30T06:59:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3735/
Point X and the Economics of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
In this paper the theory developed in the paper �The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge�
by the same author is developed further. This paper looks at point X, as it exists in the dimension that is called mthetho, the laws that govern the universe. Analyzing point X gives a more firm understanding of knowledge and its properties. The timelessness and independence of point X shall first be established and verified. The paper will eventually demonstrate that the timelessness and independence of this point X is what gives knowledge its power in terms of economics. The concepts developed in the paper. The Fundamental theory of Knowledge� are tested against this concept of timelessness and independence of point X, if a contradiction where to be found the theory would have serious contradictions, the paper proves that there are no contradictions. The principles of negative and obsolete knowledge are discussed in relation to point X. The laws of knowledge are tested against point X, against the timelessness and independence of point X. The law of consistency, arguably the most powerful law in investigative knowledge is also discussed in relation to point X; again the paper establishes that there are no contradictions. The law of consistency demonstrates the importance of point X, and therefore knowledge in the economic reality of human beings. Finally the foundations of material progress are discussed in the paper again with point X
being the reference point.
2007-02-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3735/1/MPRA_paper_3735.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2007): Point X and the Economics of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3743
2019-09-28T03:56:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3743/
The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O1 - Economic Development
A10 - General
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
This paper summarizes the theory of knowledge from the book of the same title by
the same author. The paper begins by asking, and answering, what knowledge is. In searching for precise definitions it rids itself of the ambiguous term of infinity. The seven main laws of knowledge are laid out and discussed. The theory is an economic theory and as such must mention how people choose to seek knowledge. Knowledge is treated like any other commodity or product such as an apple, copper or a television set. Choices must be made in order to acquire knowledge. The tool used is the same tool used for analyzing other commodities - marginal utility analysis. The paper moves on to develop a working function of knowledge. This function helps to give a clear picture of how knowledge gains and loses occur within a society. The function leads to an understanding of critical levels of knowledge as well as the term obsolete knowledge. The paper introduces the term ‘negative’ knowledge and demonstrates how time is lost and gained within the context of knowledge. The sum of knowledge is the last major issue discussed in this paper and it can be considered the ‘signature’ of the theory. The concept that two plus two is not always four differentiates the commodity knowledge from other commodities and products. Finally the implications of this unique property of the commodity knowledge are discussed with the aim of demonstrating how the world would end up as a better place for all with food, shelter, and security for all.
2006-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3743/1/MPRA_paper_3743.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2006): The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3772
2019-09-28T16:43:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433838
7375626A656374733D41:4132
7375626A656374733D45:4536
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3772/
La simulation économique : expérimentation et apprentissage de la réalité économique
Buda, Rodolphe
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
C88 - Other Computer Software
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
Economic simulation - as economic pattern simulation use - which
is already a useful tool of searchers and managers, would be a tool of
economic teacher. When teacher want explain economic theories, he
can't do experiment, hence simulation would take place experiment.
Simulation is an analytical (teacher can study some economic poli-
cies) and synthetic (teacher can build economies) tool to get Eco-
nomic more concrete. First of all, teacher has to present economic
agent (through an economic press analysis) and decision process
(e.g: through the Game theory point of view). Economic simulation
teaches by experience difficults of optimal economic policy and, in
the same time, difficult of economic modelling. Our purpose is to
teach economics, not to ordinary pupils but to rational pupils.
1998
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3772/1/MPRA_paper_3772.pdf
Buda, Rodolphe (1998): La simulation économique : expérimentation et apprentissage de la réalité économique. Published in: Revue internationale de systémique , Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998): pp. 203-224.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3862
2019-09-26T22:30:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423439
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423533
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3862/
A Discussion on Empirical Micro-Bases of Hayek’s Methodological Individualism
Zhao, Liang
Zhu, Xian Chen
B49 - Other
B53 - Austrian
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
There are essential differences in ‘methodological individualism(MI)’ between neoclassic economics and Hayek’s theory. On basis of The Sensory Order, this paper shows relations between Hayek’s MI and it, the micro-bases of Hayek’s MI from contemporarily empirical disciplines, and some viewpoints verified by succeeding ones; then points out some questions that need to be answered henceforth between Hayek’s theory and interdisciplinary studies in modern economics. It is concluded that Hayek’s MI has its empirical micro-bases, and that his interdisciplinary exploration in the youth can help advance modern economics.
2007-06-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3862/1/MPRA_paper_3862.pdf
Zhao, Liang and Zhu, Xian Chen (2007): A Discussion on Empirical Micro-Bases of Hayek’s Methodological Individualism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3885
2019-09-30T09:33:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D41:4132
7375626A656374733D48:4830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3885/
Why one would accept Voting Theory for Democracy and reject the Penrose Square Root Weights
Colignatus, Thomas
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
H0 - General
Various scientists under the label of “Scientists for a democratic Europe” (SDE) sent a joint “Letter to the governments of the EU member states” (2007) advising the use of the Penrose Square Root Weights (PSRW) for the EU Council of Ministers. When we compare the SDE letter with Colignatus (2001, 2007b) “Voting theory for democracy” (VTFD) then we find that SDE does not fit voting theory for democracy. Inspection of the material upon which the SDE letter is based also shows a moral choice while the rigorous empirical analysis by Gelman, Katz and Bafumi (2007) is actually misrepresented. So the SDE letter can also be rejected on its own grounds. The PSRW approach seems not valid for (indivisible) individuals but may be applicable for divisible shares in shareholder meetings.
2007-07-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3885/1/MPRA_paper_3885.pdf
Colignatus, Thomas (2007): Why one would accept Voting Theory for Democracy and reject the Penrose Square Root Weights.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4148
2019-09-28T04:42:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D44:4431
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3133
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4148/
Many hands make hard work, or why agriculture is not a puzzle
Guzmán, Ricardo Andrés
D6 - Welfare Economics
A14 - Sociology of Economics
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
D1 - Household Behavior and Family Economics
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
J13 - Fertility ; Family Planning ; Child Care ; Children ; Youth
O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products
The shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture, some 10,000 years ago, triggered the first demographic explosion in history. Along with population, working time increased, while food consumption remained at the subsistence level. For that reason, most anthropologists regard the adoption of agriculture as an economical puzzle.
I show, using a neoclassical economic model, that there is nothing puzzling about the adoption of agriculture. Agriculture brings four technological changes: an increase in total factor productivity, a stabilization of total factor productivity, less interference of children on production, and the possibility of food storage. In my model, each of those changes induces free, rational and self-interested hunter-gatherers to adopt agriculture. As a result, working time increases while consumption remains at the subsistence level, and population begins to grow until diminishing returns to labor bring it to a halt. Welfare, which depends on consumption, leisure, and fertility, rises at first; but after a few generations it falls below its initial level. Still, the adoption of agriculture is irreversible. The latter generations choose to remain farmers because, at their current levels of population, reverting to hunting and gathering would reduce their welfare.
2007-01-28
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4148/1/MPRA_paper_4148.pdf
Guzmán, Ricardo Andrés (2007): Many hands make hard work, or why agriculture is not a puzzle.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4164
2019-09-26T13:27:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453630
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433832
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4164/
Abrégé de comptabilité nationale
Buda, Rodolphe
E60 - General
C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data ; Data Access
B4 - Economic Methodology
A20 - General
This "summary" of national accounting is intended to be used as support to complete the course of national accounting during exercises (*). This "summary" does't replace the main course of national accounting, but we hope the students will find a quick presentation of macroeconomic tools, their uses, their stakes, and their links with the other fields of economics. We tried to help the readers understanding the link between national and private accounting too. This "summary" is dedicated to the students at university, but to the student at high schools, which study Economics, Management and Law. Finally, we tried to link the techniques to the main theories of the Macroeconomics.
(*) This paper completed during exercices the main course of national accounting of Mr S. Zeghni (University of Marne-la-Vallée) during the period 1995-1996.
1995
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4164/1/MPRA_paper_4164.pdf
Buda, Rodolphe (1995): Abrégé de comptabilité nationale.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4178
2019-09-28T18:09:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4178/
Is the concept of sustainable tourism sustainable? Developing the Sustainable Tourism Benchmarking Tool
Cernat, Lucian
Gourdon, Julien
A1 - General Economics
Given the complexity of the issues surrounding the concept of sustainable tourism, the current paper tries to provide a unified methodology to assess tourism sustainability, based on a number of quantitative indicators. The proposed methodological framework (Sustainable Tourism Benchmarking Tool – STBT) will provide a number of benchmarks against which the sustainability of tourism activities in various countries can be assessed. A model development procedure is proposed: identification of the dimensions (economic, socio-ecologic, infrastructure) and indicators, method of scaling, chart representation and evaluation on three Asian countries. This application to three countries show us that a similar level of tourism activity might induce different sort of improvements to implement in the tourism activity and might have different consequences for the socio-ecological environment. The heterogeneity of developing countries exposed in the STBT is useful to detect the main problem of each country in their tourism activity.
2005-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4178/1/MPRA_paper_4178.pdf
Cernat, Lucian and Gourdon, Julien (2005): Is the concept of sustainable tourism sustainable? Developing the Sustainable Tourism Benchmarking Tool.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4217
2019-09-27T05:34:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31:4E3137
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463335
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D52:5235:523538
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3232
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503532
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4217/
The long-term effects of development aid - Empirical studies in rural West Africa.
Bierschenk, Thomas
Elwert, Georg
Kohnert, Dirk
N17 - Africa ; Oceania
F35 - Foreign Aid
A14 - Sociology of Economics
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
R58 - Regional Development Planning and Policy
O22 - Project Analysis
O55 - Africa
P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
This article is based on field studies in rural West Africa. It concentrates on the socio-structural effects of development aid in the long run, in contrast to numerous available evaluation reports on the short-run effects of development projects. The study reveals that superficial generalisations or condemnations of development projects, like the big farmers benefit at the expense of the smaller ones, or the men benefit at the expense of the women, do not hold up to verification. Quite to the contrary one observes a wide range of specific adapted forms by which the target groups react to the demands and offers of development projects, and thereby transform their own social structure. In short, one observes a great diversity of social self-organisation. The bureaucratic structures of the development administration do, however, unfortunately - more often than not - ignore the social dynamic of their target groups which they nevertheless sustain unconsciously. Development aid has become an important political and economic factor in most African countries. Its financial impact often exceeds that of the national budget. It contributes, therefore, significantly to the development of a bureaucratic class and of its clients: the project development degenerates into a project nationalization / bureaucratization. This contrasts vividly with the strategies of the peasants. Men and women at village level do not accept any longer the paternalistic development approach. They just select what they need out of the packages of solutions that are offered to them, while they develop their own solutions, like a variety of seeds adapted to their specific resource endowments, diversified sources of income, different strategies of accumulation and risk prevention. All this allows for a gradual evolution by variation and selection. The dynamic of the rural society is to a large extent due to a competition of different (strategic) groups, opposed to one another, about the partitioning of the cake of development aid. Normally this struggle between different vested interests is covered up by the rhetoric of development planning. Planned development has up to now proven to be to rigid, to be able to take account of the complex and subtle fabric of self organisation. Aid sometimes appears to be a second best substitute for a vision of a democratic society. This is due to the fact that the structures we are aiming for in the long run - which are to allow for open markets, an orientation of the producers at the resources and needs of the nation, and last not least, the growth of indigenous structures of self-help - would require a responsible and democratic government, as well as the guarantee of civil rights, accountability, an independent judiciary, freedom of the press, etc.; up to now, however, all these elements are still oppressed by the commando state itself, well nourished by the various forms of technical and financial aid.
1991
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4217/1/MPRA_paper_4217.pdf
Bierschenk, Thomas and Elwert, Georg and Kohnert, Dirk (1991): The long-term effects of development aid - Empirical studies in rural West Africa. Published in: Economics, Biannual Journal of the Institute for Scientific Co-operation, Tübingen , Vol. 47, No. 1 (1993): pp. 83-111.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4262
2019-09-29T04:49:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4262/
An analytical approach on defense expenditure and economic growth: the case of Turkey and Greece
Kalyoncu, Huseyin
Yucel, Fatih
A10 - General
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between defense expenditure and economic growth for Turkey and Greece in the period of 1956-2003 using yearly data. Therefore we use Engle-Granger cointegration methodology and Granger causality test. It is found that these two variables are cointegrated for both countries studied. We found unidirectional causality running from economic growth to defense expenditure only for Turkey.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4262/1/MPRA_paper_4262.pdf
Kalyoncu, Huseyin and Yucel, Fatih (2005): An analytical approach on defense expenditure and economic growth: the case of Turkey and Greece. Published in: Journal of Economic Studies , Vol. 33, No. 5 (2006): pp. 336-343.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4331
2019-09-29T10:31:54Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413232
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4331/
Educating Multi-disciplinary Student Groups in Entrepreneurship: Lessons Learned from a Practice Enterprise Project
Collan, Mikael
Kallio-Gerlander, Jaana
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
L26 - Entrepreneurship
A22 - Undergraduate
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
The target audiences for entrepreneurial university studies are most often students of different
fields of business studies, or economics; entrepreneurship studies are a part of their normal
curriculum. Entrepreneurs, however, are not a group that consists only of business
professionals, but a group of people from all walks of life. The basic procedures and laws
governing the starting of a company are most often same for all companies and individuals. It is
important to acknowledge these two facts, when designing curriculums for university studies:
basic courses in entrepreneurship (starting a business) are important for students of all
disciplines. This paper reports experiences from educating multi-disciplinary student groups in
entrepreneurship, presents preliminary data about student background and attitudes towards
entrepreneurship, and discusses some lessons learned from the experiences.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4331/1/MPRA_paper_4331.pdf
Collan, Mikael and Kallio-Gerlander, Jaana (2006): Educating Multi-disciplinary Student Groups in Entrepreneurship: Lessons Learned from a Practice Enterprise Project. Forthcoming in: Proceedings of the FINPIN Conference 2006 (2007)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4377
2019-09-26T16:01:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4377/
Behavioral economics and socio-economics journals: A citation-based ranking
Azar, Ofer H.
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
A1 - General Economics
Journal quality is a major consideration for authors, readers, and promotion and tenure committees, among others. Unfortunately, most behavioral economics and socio-economics journals are not included in published rankings or in Journal Citation Reports. Consequently, no objective ranking of these journals exists. To address this need, a list of journals in behavioral economics and socio-economics was compiled, and the number of articles that cited each journal was recorded for the periods 2001-2005, 1996-2000, and 1996-2005. In all periods Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization was ranked first and Journal of Economic Psychology second. In 2001-2005 Journal of Socio-Economics ranked third.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4377/1/MPRA_paper_4377.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2006): Behavioral economics and socio-economics journals: A citation-based ranking. Published in: Journal of Socio-Economics , Vol. 3, No. 36 (2007): pp. 451-462.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4419
2019-09-27T15:59:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4419/
Towards a new theory of economic policy: Continuity and innovation
Acocella, Nicola
Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni
A10 - General
E00 - General
This paper outlines the evolution of the theory of economic policy from the classical contributions of Frisch, Hansen, Tinbergen and Theil to situations of strategic interaction. Andrew Hughes Hallett has taken an active and relevant part in this evolution, having contributed to both the development and recent rediscovery of the classical theory, with possible relevant applications for model building.
2007-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4419/1/MPRA_paper_4419.pdf
Acocella, Nicola and Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni (2007): Towards a new theory of economic policy: Continuity and innovation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4457
2019-09-27T19:30:09Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4457/
Incentives and Service Quality in the Restaurant Industry: The Tipping – Service Puzzle
Azar, Ofer H.
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
D10 - General
L80 - General
J30 - General
M50 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
Tipping is a significant economic activity (tips in the US food industry alone amount to about $42 billion annually) that was claimed to improve service quality and increase economic efficiency, because it gives incentives to provide excellent service, and therefore allows to avoid costly monitoring of workers. The article suggests that this common wisdom might be wrong. A simple model shows formally that tips can improve service only if they are sensitive enough to service quality. Empirical evidence suggests that tips are hardly affected by service quality. Nevertheless, rankings of service quality by customers are very high; the co-existence of these two findings is denoted "the tipping – service puzzle,” and several possible explanations for it are offered.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4457/1/MPRA_paper_4457.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2005): Incentives and Service Quality in the Restaurant Industry: The Tipping – Service Puzzle. Forthcoming in: Applied Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4477
2022-11-16T12:04:51Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433933
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4477/
Action bias among elite soccer goalkeepers: The case of penalty kicks
Bar-Eli, Michael
Azar, Ofer H.
Ritov, Ilana
Keidar-Levin, Yael
Schein, Galit
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
C93 - Field Experiments
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
In soccer penalty kicks, goalkeepers choose their action before they can clearly observe the kick direction. An analysis of 286 penalty kicks in top leagues and championships worldwide shows that given the probability distribution of kick direction, the optimal strategy for goalkeepers is to stay in the goal's center. Goalkeepers, however, almost always jump right or left. We propose the following explanation for this behavior: because the norm is to jump, norm theory (Kahneman and Miller, 1986) implies that a goal scored yields worse feelings for the goalkeeper following inaction (staying in the center) than following action (jumping), leading to a bias for action. The omission bias, a bias in favor of inaction, is reversed here because the norm here is reversed - to act rather than to choose inaction. The claim that jumping is the norm is supported by a second study, a survey conducted with 32 top professional goalkeepers. The seemingly biased decision making is particularly striking since the goalkeepers have huge incentives to make correct decisions, and it is a decision they encounter frequently. Finally, we discuss several implications of the action/omission bias for economics and management.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4477/1/MPRA_paper_4477.pdf
Bar-Eli, Michael and Azar, Ofer H. and Ritov, Ilana and Keidar-Levin, Yael and Schein, Galit (2005): Action bias among elite soccer goalkeepers: The case of penalty kicks. Published in: Journal of Economic Psychology , Vol. 28, No. 5 (October 2007): pp. 606-621.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4478
2019-09-26T12:15:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413139
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4478/
The slowdown in first-response times of economics journals: Can it be beneficial?
Azar, Ofer H.
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
A19 - Other
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A10 - General
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
The first response time (henceforth FRT) of economics journals has increased over the last four decades from 1-2 months to 3-6 months. The optimal FRT, however, is not zero, because the FRT deters submission of mediocre papers to good journals and consequently saves valuable time of referees and editors. The change in the actual FRT is in the same direction as the change in the optimal FRT, which has increased because of the availability of research on the Internet prior to publication and because the costs of refereeing a paper have increased.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4478/1/MPRA_paper_4478.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2002): The slowdown in first-response times of economics journals: Can it be beneficial? Published in: Economic Inquiry , Vol. 1, No. 45 (2007): pp. 179-187.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4482
2019-09-28T04:57:32Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4482/
Evolution of social norms with heterogeneous preferences: A general model and an application to the academic review process
Azar, Ofer H.
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A10 - General
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
The article presents a model of social norm evolution, which suggests how the increase in optimal and actual first response times (FRT) of economics journals can be related. When the optimal FRT and the norm about how much time refereeing should take increase, it seems that the existence of a norm increases the average refereeing time. The model suggests the surprising result that this is not necessarily true. I also discuss applications of the model in other contexts, differences in the optimal FRT between disciplines, the effects of the FRT on the tenure process, and strategic behavior of referees.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4482/1/MPRA_paper_4482.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2002): Evolution of social norms with heterogeneous preferences: A general model and an application to the academic review process. Forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4483
2019-09-26T18:55:07Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D41:4133:413330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4483/
Citing reprinted material
Azar, Ofer H.
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
A20 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A10 - General
A30 - General
Journal articles are sometimes later reprinted as chapters of edited books. The question whether citations of this material should mention the book or the journal has significant implications. I describe several advantages of citing the journal: it allows the readers to locate the material more easily and to handle it more conveniently (when it is available electronically); it gives a better signal about how important and updated the material is; and it gives the journal proper credit, which is important because journals are ranked based on citations. Finally, several reasons for citing the book are also discussed.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4483/1/MPRA_paper_4483.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2005): Citing reprinted material. Forthcoming in: American Economist
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4484
2019-09-26T12:48:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4484/
Behavioral industrial organization, firm strategy, and consumer economics
Azar, Ofer H.
D40 - General
L10 - General
M20 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
M30 - General
D10 - General
The field of behavioral economics is one of the fastest-growing fields in economics in recent years. Not long ago this was a small field, but over the last decade or so, the field gained more recognition, and today it seems clear that psychological motivations and biases affect economic behavior in many important ways. Insights from psychology were incorporated in several areas of economics. This paper offers a short review of the application of behavioral economics to industrial organization, which can be denoted “behavioral industrial organization,” and on the relationship between behavioral industrial organization, firm strategy, and consumer economics.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4484/1/MPRA_paper_4484.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2006): Behavioral industrial organization, firm strategy, and consumer economics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4485
2019-09-26T22:32:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443131
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3833
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4485/
Tipping, firm strategy, and industrial organization
Azar, Ofer H.
D11 - Consumer Economics: Theory
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
Tipping is a phenomenon that has been studied for many years, but is receiving increased attention in recent years. The magnitude of tips is very large – in the US, for example, tips in the food industry alone amount to about $42 billion each year, and tips are given in many other establishments and countries, so annual worldwide tips are much higher than that. Millions of workers in the US alone derive most of their income from tips and tipping is prevalent in numerous countries and occupations. These are all good reasons to study tipping, but it is clear that tipping has created much interest also because it is puzzling from a theoretical perspective. The common assumption in economics that people maximize utility (which is derived by consuming various goods) subject to a budget constraint implies that people should give up money only when they receive something in return. This is not the case, however, when people tip: service has already been provided by the time the tip is given, so the tip is a voluntary payment that does not buy something real (such as improved service) in return.
The literature on tipping can be divided to two main areas. The first area can be termed "understanding tipping behavior." This includes studies that try to understand why people tip, what affects their tipping behavior, why tipping is different across countries, etc. The second research area, which started to receive attention more recently, can be defined as "tipping, firm strategy, and industrial organization." This part of the literature deals with the effect of tipping on firms and markets. For example, firms can sometimes choose between voluntary tipping and compulsory service charges – which one is better for the firm? How should the existence of tips affect optimal pricing by the firm? How should firms monitor workers and provide incentives to them when tipping exists? Why does tipping exist in some industries but not in others? Does tipping increase social welfare in industries in which it is the norm? All these questions belong to this second research area and demonstrate the close relationship of tipping to industrial organization and firm strategy. Several review articles made an attempt to summarize and synthesize the extensive literature in the area of understanding tipping behavior, but no article has offered an extensive literature review that focuses on the area of "tipping, firm strategy, and industrial organization." The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to review and summarize the literature in this area of research.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4485/1/MPRA_paper_4485.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2006): Tipping, firm strategy, and industrial organization.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4540
2019-09-30T04:23:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4540/
Where Economics Has Been Headed? Multiple Identities And Diversity In Economic Literature Evidence From Top Journals Over The Period 2000-2006 A First Note
Campiglio, Luigi
Caruso, Raul
A10 - General
This short paper presents some preliminary results of an ongoing research work focusing on richness and diversity of economic literature. The key idea is that each article published in an economic journal retains multiple identities. These multiple identities are captured through the use of Jel codes. A sample of ten top generalist journals has been selected. The relative abundance of all Jel categories has been computed for the period 2000-2006. Moreover, a degree of diversity has been proposed for both the sampled journals and the entire Econlit database.
2007-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4540/1/MPRA_paper_4540.pdf
Campiglio, Luigi and Caruso, Raul (2007): Where Economics Has Been Headed? Multiple Identities And Diversity In Economic Literature Evidence From Top Journals Over The Period 2000-2006 A First Note.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4625
2019-09-30T00:00:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433730
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443730
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423231
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4625/
Book Review to Luigino Bruni -'Reciprocita'- Economic Thought and Reciprocity Theories
Reggiani, Tommaso
C70 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
D70 - General
B21 - Microeconomics
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
"Written with the attempt to tell credible history and possible scenes, in order to anticipate still latent tendencies, or in order to imagine communities and societies more civil, richer than reciprocity, in all its shapes. " (p. xv). From this ambitious premised the author of the issue takes the movements and it invites to us to explore one region of social sciences, until today, inadequately explored: the dimension of the reciprocity between the economic and social agents.
- This book review, focused on a historical perspective, describes the debate developed by the history of economic thought regarding theories of reciprocity. -
2007-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4625/1/MPRA_paper_4625.pdf
Reggiani, Tommaso (2007): Book Review to Luigino Bruni -'Reciprocita'- Economic Thought and Reciprocity Theories. Published in: Storia del Pensiero Economico - SPE n.1-2007 january/june (Nuova serie - Anno IV) (1 June 2007): pp. 200-202.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4912
2019-09-28T03:47:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453231
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4912/
Loonies Under Your Bed: Misdirected Attention and the Diluted Value of Stock Market Reports
Lupia, Arthur
Grafstrom, Cassandra
Krupnikov, Yanna
Levine, Adam Seth
MacMillan, William
McGovern, Erin
E21 - Consumption ; Saving ; Wealth
E52 - Monetary Policy
A20 - General
Many people pay attention to media reports of the US stock market’s performance. Using a data-based thought experiment, we cast the market’s recent highs and lows in an unusually unattractive light. The result matters because the economic and political factors that make it relevant are likely to continue. Using research in economics and psychology, we explain why so many investors and media reports are blind to the unattractive interpretation. To mitigate the blindness’ harmful consequences, we propose an alternate way of presenting stock market information. The alternative is easy to implement and can help citizens draw important inferences from the attention they already pay to financial reports. The word “loonies” refers to Canadian dollars, which play a key role in our analysis. Loonies are not causal of any of the key relationships in our analysis, but provide a useful device for making a broader point about key US asset values.
2007-09-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4912/1/MPRA_paper_4912.pdf
Lupia, Arthur and Grafstrom, Cassandra and Krupnikov, Yanna and Levine, Adam Seth and MacMillan, William and McGovern, Erin (2007): Loonies Under Your Bed: Misdirected Attention and the Diluted Value of Stock Market Reports.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5035
2019-10-02T04:37:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5035/
India’s policy deficit: as I look at it
Mishra, SK
O53 - Asia including Middle East
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
A1 - General Economics
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
This essay draws attention to the fundamental axioms of human nature which the socio-economic policies of India bank upon and analyses why in spite of elaborate planning for development well over a span of fifty years the core economy of the country remains unchanged with wide spread poverty, poor wage rates, child labour and hunger.
2007-09-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5035/1/MPRA_paper_5035.pdf
Mishra, SK (2007): India’s policy deficit: as I look at it.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5159
2019-10-08T01:24:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5159/
Polytechnic graduate placement in Finnish manufacturing
Petri, Böckerman
A23 - Graduate
I21 - Analysis of Education
This paper analyses polytechnic graduate placement in Finnish manufacturing. The paper uses a register-based data source covering white-collar manufacturing workers over the period 1995-2004. Taken together, the results show that wages and job classification are higher for polytechnic graduates, once other covariates are controlled for. Despite this, almost 20% of graduates from polytechnics have been forced to take a position in manufacturing in which they can be considered to be ‘overeducated’. Interestingly, Bachelors of Business Administration are not as well placed as Bachelors of Engineering.
2006-12-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5159/1/MPRA_paper_5159.pdf
Petri, Böckerman (2006): Polytechnic graduate placement in Finnish manufacturing.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5283
2019-10-21T14:41:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5283/
Explaining the logic of pure preference in a neurodynamic structure
Dominique, C-Rene
B41 - Economic Methodology
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A1 - General Economics
This paper uses Category Theory to integrate a nonlinear, nonhomogeneous ordinary differential equation system into an input/output representation in an attempt to capture the mechanism behind the formation of pure preference in humans. The model shows that the human brain belongs to the class of functions U ε C2(R3, R). In addition, it shows that there exists an emerging factor, e, which is sine qua non for expressing a preference. The factor, e, may be associated with ‘judgement’ which, in turn, may neatly subsume ‘consciousness’, the arrival of new information, and cases of selection under risks and uncertainty.
2006-12-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5283/1/MPRA_paper_5283.pdf
Dominique, C-Rene (2006): Explaining the logic of pure preference in a neurodynamic structure.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5374
2019-09-27T16:27:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
7375626A656374733D43:4339
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433930
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3139
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3132
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433931
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5374/
Measuring social capital with a myograph
Roberto, Censolo
Laila, Craighero
Luciano, Fadiga
Giovanni, Ponti
Leonzio, Rizzo
Z10 - General
C9 - Design of Experiments
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
C90 - General
Z19 - Other
Z12 - Religion
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
We study the behavior of 12 pairs of undergraduate students while they were involved in a simple coordination game requiring motor interaction. Three experimental conditions were defined according to whether a monetary prize was given to both or only one subject, if the couple was in successfully completing the required assignment.
Electromyographic potentials (EMG) were recorded from the right first dorsal interosseus (FDI) muscle, a muscle critically involved in the motor task. We also collected written answers from a standard questionnaire from which we constructed individual measures of Social Capital (SC), based on organized group interaction, religious and political
involvement. These measures are collected, by standard practice, to estimate individual pro-social attitudes and behavior.
Consistently with our simple behavioral model, by which EMG signals are direct measures of subjects’ personal concern (call it utility) associated to the given task, our evidence shows that EMG is increasing in the subjects’ own monetary reward. When we split the subject pool into two subsamples (according to various measures of Social Capital
obtained from the questionnaire), we find that monetary incentives explain the level of subjects’ EMG only in the subsample characterized by low SC, while, for subjects with (comparatively) higher SC, effort in the coordination task is much less sensitive to whether it is directly rewarded or not. This result is robust across the different SC index specifications. The present findings seem to support the possibility that an electrophysiological measure, such as EMG, could reveal the most profound attitudes and believes that guide social interaction, and that our relatively inexpensive and ready-to-use technology can back-up socio-economic research in a very effective way.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5374/1/MPRA_paper_5374.pdf
Roberto, Censolo and Laila, Craighero and Luciano, Fadiga and Giovanni, Ponti and Leonzio, Rizzo (2006): Measuring social capital with a myograph.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5392
2019-09-28T01:43:14Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523130
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5392/
La legalidad en las políticas agrarias: México 1990–2005
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena
Q10 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
R10 - General
K00 - General
In support of public policy, the law anticipates Government projects so as to pave the way for them, or is adjusted along the way in order to adapt the institutional framework to the processes which in fact prevail. A typical case is that of Mexican Agrarian legislation in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. We propose here that recent developments in Agrarian legislation reveal the limitations of the modernizing strategy of the 1990s, which resulted in a call for the rural population to enter into alternative economic activities, as agriculture ceases to be the way of life for numerous families. We conclude that the restructuring of agricultural production in Mexico has excluded the productive and social dimensions. The reformulation of agrarian legal discourse demonstrates the structural limitations of advancement in terms of the agribusiness model. Now the sector’s economic policy priorities of growth and yield shift towards the instruments of social policy related to territorial construction.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5392/1/MPRA_paper_5392.pdf
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena (2007): La legalidad en las políticas agrarias: México 1990–2005. Published in: Investigación Científica. Revista digital de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Nueva época. , Vol. Volume, No. Issue 2 (August 2007): pp. 1-25.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5402
2019-09-30T18:55:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5402/
Is Economics Entering its Post-Witchcraft Era?
Potgieter, Petrus H.
Rosinger, Elemér E.
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
C02 - Mathematical Methods
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
Recently, an awareness is emerging in economics about the fact that important problems are not solvable algorithmically, that is, by any finite number of steps. This statement can be made mathematically exact and this paper reviews the contributions that have been made in this regard, related to standard topics in economics.
2007-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5402/1/MPRA_paper_5402.pdf
Potgieter, Petrus H. and Rosinger, Elemér E. (2007): Is Economics Entering its Post-Witchcraft Era?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5585
2019-09-30T17:57:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5585/
Valore e Marx: Perche sono importanti
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
B00 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
A1 - General Economics
This is the Italian version of ‘Value and Marx: why it matters’ which appeared in Vasopollo, L (2002) (ed) ‘Un Vecchio Falso Problema: La Transformazione dei valori in prezzi nel Capital di Marx’, Roma: Laboratoria per la critica sociale.
It was presented at the May 2002 conference organised by the Laboratorio per la critica sociale in Rome.
It summarises the debate to this point on the temporal and simultaneous approaches to value and on the alleged inconsistencies in Marx’s approach.
Keywords: TSSI, MELT, value, Marx, price, profit rate, Okishio, non-equilibrium, equilibrium, money, sraffa
2002-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5585/1/MPRA_paper_5585.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2002): Valore e Marx: Perche sono importanti. Published in: Proteo No. 2001-2 (2002): pp. 52-61.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5663
2019-09-29T04:44:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34
7375626A656374733D47:4730:473030
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5663/
Zelig and the Art of Measuring Excess Profit
magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
C0 - General
M4 - Accounting and Auditing
G00 - General
G30 - General
D46 - Value Theory
B40 - General
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
M2 - Business Economics
This paper tells the story of a student of economics and finance who meets a couple of alleged psychopaths, suffering from the ‘syndrome of Zelig’, so that they think of themselves to be experts of economic and financial issues. While speaking, they come across the concept of excess profit. The student tells them that the formal way to translate excess profit is to apply Stewart’s (1991) EVA model and shows that this model is equivalent to Peccati’s (1987, 1991, 1992) decomposition model of a project’s Net Present (Final) Value. The ‘Zeligs’ listen to him carefully, then try to apply themselves the EVA model: Unfortunately, both She-Zelig and He-Zelig seem to feel uneasy with basic mathematics, so they make some mistakes. Consequently, each of them miscalculates the excess profit. Strangely enough, they make different mistakes but both get to the (correct) Net Final Value of the project and, in addition, their excess profits do coincide. Further, the (biased) models presented by the Zeligs, though different from the EVA model, seem to bear strong relations to the latter. The student is rather surprised.
I give my version of this event, arguing that the Zeligs are offering us a rational way of measuring excess profit, alternative to the standard one (EVA) but equally valuable. As I see it, they are only adopting a different cognitive interpretation of the concept of excess profit, which is based on a counterfactual conditional that differs from Stewart’s and Peccati’s.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5663/1/MPRA_paper_5663.pdf
magni, Carlo Alberto (2006): Zelig and the Art of Measuring Excess Profit. Published in: Frontiers in Finance and Economics , Vol. 1, No. 3 (June 2006): pp. 103-129.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5667
2019-10-12T13:52:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D44:4438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5667/
What is Behavioural Economics Like?
Lanteri, Alessandro
Carabelli, Anna
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
Behavioural Economics’ milestones, Endowment Effect and Loss Aversion, have been recognized as ‘well documented,’ ‘robust,’ and ‘important’ even by the critics. But well documented, robust, and important what? Are these stylized facts, theoretical constructs, or psychological truths? Do they express genuine preferences or are they judgement mistakes? We discuss the problems with the nature of these claims in the lights of the goals of Behavioural Economics: to improve economics’ realisticness and to be considered mainstream. We argue that, under sensible interpretations of Loss Aversion and Endowment Effect, Behavioural Economics is neither more realistic than, nor part of the mainstream.
2007-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5667/1/MPRA_paper_5667.pdf
Lanteri, Alessandro and Carabelli, Anna (2007): What is Behavioural Economics Like?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5678
2019-09-28T10:00:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5678/
DYNAMICS OF COAL AND LIMESTONE EXTRACTION IN MEGHALAYA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
De, Utpal Kumar
A1 - General Economics
Q0 - General
Q3 - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation
Coal and limestone are the two important natural resources abundant in Meghalaya. These two minerals have been extracted substantially during last few decades and have been contributing significantly to the employment and income in the state. But the rising extraction over time has raised concern about the sustainability of the progress of the area as the extraction has been going on not for any kind of local industrial development where employment may be generated further and progress would be accelerated. These are mined only to export and earn money without much value addition. Hence an attempt is made to comparatively study the nature of extraction of these two valuable resources and their future possible consequences with respect to the development of the state.
2007-11-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5678/1/MPRA_paper_5678.pdf
De, Utpal Kumar (2007): DYNAMICS OF COAL AND LIMESTONE EXTRACTION IN MEGHALAYA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5695
2019-10-01T17:47:35Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D47:4733
7375626A656374733D47:4730:473030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5695/
Opportunity cost, excess profit, and counterfactual conditionals
Magni, Carlo Alberto
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
G00 - General
M21 - Business Economics
Counterfactual conditionals are cognitive tools that we incessantly use during our lives for judgments, evaluations, decisions. Counterfactuals are used for defining concepts as well; an instance of this is attested by the notions of opportunity cost and excess profit, two all-pervasive notions of economics: They are defined by undoing a given scenario and constructing a suitable
counterfactual milieu. Focussing on the standard paradigm and Magni’s (2000, 2005, 2006) proposal this paper shows that the formal translation of the counterfactual state is not univocal and that Magni’s model retains formal properties of symmetry, additive coherence, homeomorphism,
which correspond to properties of frame-independence, time invariance, completeness. Two introductory studies are also presented to illustrate how people cope with these counterfactuals and ascertain whether either model is seen as more “natural”. A brief discussion of the results obtained is also provided.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5695/1/MPRA_paper_5695.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2003): Opportunity cost, excess profit, and counterfactual conditionals. Forthcoming in: Frontiers in Finance and Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5710
2019-09-27T09:36:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5710/
Tourism as Mass-media: a suitable global Tool acting locally - a possible Option to appraise the European Heritage on the 21st Century
rotariu, ilie
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
During the sixties, tourism has turned into a mass movement. By comparison with the mass media, we can identify all basic characteristics of the latter: a location where the message is elaborated to be then spread through specific channels of distribution bearing in mind the same goals. Moreover, tourism as mass media allows the "target" to check the information on location during the trip, a kind of feed back that makes the information the more trustworthy. Virtual tourism has brought new challenges
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5710/1/MPRA_paper_5710.pdf
rotariu, ilie (2000): Tourism as Mass-media: a suitable global Tool acting locally - a possible Option to appraise the European Heritage on the 21st Century.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5784
2013-02-11T14:27:07Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5901
2017-12-21T09:20:47Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5934
2017-12-21T09:22:29Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5936
2019-10-01T04:51:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3632
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5936/
Resultados provisórios do exercício Delphi WorTiS (1ª fase)
Moniz, António
L62 - Automobiles ; Other Transportation Equipment ; Related Parts and Equipment
O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology
A14 - Sociology of Economics
J11 - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
In this working paper are present the main provisional results of the first round of a Delphi survey held in Portugal on the automotive sector. It was done under the WorTiS project, developed by IET – Research Centre on Enterprise and Work Innovation, and financed by the Portuguese Ministry of Science and Technology.
The majority of experts consider to have an average of less knowledge in almost all the scenario topics presented. Nevertheless, we considered specially the topics where the experts considered themselves to have some knowledge. There were no “irrelevant” topics considered as such by the expert panel. There are also no topics that is not considered a need for co-operation (that happens in jus tone case). The lack of technological infra-structrures was not considered as an hindered factor for the accomplishement of any scenario. The experts panel considered no other international competence besides US, Japan or Germany in these topics. Although the members of the expert panel were not as many as needed, These situations will be taken into consideration for a second round of the Delphi survey
2004-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5936/1/MPRA_paper_5936.pdf
Moniz, António (2004): Resultados provisórios do exercício Delphi WorTiS (1ª fase). Published in: WorTiS Research Reports No. RPT_DELPHI_06 (August 2004): pp. 1-25.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5987
2019-10-03T13:02:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5987/
SHOULD THE UTILITY FUNCTION BE DITCHED?
Dominique, C-Rene
B40 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A10 - General
This note takes a retrospective look at the Utility Construct still in use in economic science and compares it to a new approach based on recent findings in neuroscience. The results show that it is more natural and more compelling to go from the preference order to the price vector. Thus making the non-falsifiable utility apparatus superfluous.
2007-11-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5987/1/MPRA_paper_5987.pdf
Dominique, C-Rene (2007): SHOULD THE UTILITY FUNCTION BE DITCHED?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6050
2019-10-05T17:15:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6050/
El asalariado agrícola en América Latina. Estado del conocimiento y propuesta de interpretación
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena
Q1 - Agriculture
R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
A14 - Sociology of Economics
J30 - General
This article has two aims. First, provide a systematic review of academic contributions on agricultural wages. Secondly, introduce conceptual and methodological tools to understand the development of the Latin-American agriculture from 1980's to today. Of special importance is the development of labor relations in agriculture.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6050/1/MPRA_paper_6050.pdf
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena (2006): El asalariado agrícola en América Latina. Estado del conocimiento y propuesta de interpretación. Published in: Revista Electrónica Zacatecana sobre Población y Sociedad. Unidad Académica de Ciencias Sociales, UAZ , Vol. Año 6,, No. Issue 28 (June 2006): 0-16.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6065
2019-09-26T14:45:42Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6065/
Indian sugar industry - a strong industrial base for rural India
Pandey, Adya Prasad
A1 - General Economics
A10 - General
Indian sugar industry, second largest agro-based processing industry afte the
cotton textiles industry in country, has a lion's share in accelerating industrialization
process and bringing socio-economic changes in under developed rural areas. Sugar
industry covers around 7.5% of total rural population and provides employment to 5 lakh
rural people. About 4.5 crore farmers are engaged in sugarcane cultivation in Inda. Sugar
mills (cooperative, private, and public) have been instrumental in initiating a number of
entrepreneurial activities in rural India. Present paper is an attempt as to review progress
of sugar industry in India, understand it's problems and challenges in context of ongoing
liberalization process. Indian sugar industry can be a global leader provided it comes out
of the vicious cycle of shortage and surplus of sugarcane, lower sugarcane yield, lower
sugar recovery, ever increasing production costs and mounting losses. It needs quality
management at all levels of activity to enhance productivity and production. Attention is
required on cost minimization and undertaking by product processing activities.
2007-12-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6065/1/MPRA_paper_6065.pdf
Pandey, Adya Prasad (2007): Indian sugar industry - a strong industrial base for rural India. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6073
2019-09-30T16:40:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6073/
Investment decisions, equivalent risk and bounded rationality
Magni, Carlo Alberto
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
B40 - General
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
M20 - General
G30 - General
The Net Present Value maximizing model shows fallacies and inconsistencies that may be easily unmasked by performing a cognitive analysis of the decision-making process implied by the maximization problem. The model may be conveniently rescued if the maximizing version of the criterion is shunt aside and a boundedly rational interpretation is given. The resulting ‘mixed strategy’, currently in use by many real-life decision makers, opens up terrain to a fruitful
cooperation between bounded and unbounded rationality. This paper is consistent with a fluid and nondichotomous interpretation of dual-process theories.
2007-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6073/1/MPRA_paper_6073.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Investment decisions, equivalent risk and bounded rationality.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6085
2019-09-26T19:49:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6085/
Labour management relation: A radical deal for industrial peace
Pandey, Adya Prasad
A10 - General
In the rapid programme of industrial development of India, trade unions have come to
occupy a critical position in the success of industrial relations in the country. Trade Unionism in
India has been undergoing rapid changes due to socio-economic transformation. The term industrial
relation or labour – management relation, refers to industry and relations, ‘industry’ means ‘any
productive activity in which an individual is engaged’ and ‘relations’ means ‘the relations that exist
in the industry between the employer and his workmen’. The concept of industrial relation is a
developing and dynamic concept and does not limit itself merely to the complex of relations
between the unions and management but also refers to the general web of relationship normally
obtaining between employees. A web is much more complex than the simple concept of labour
capital conflict.
According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) “Industrial relations deals with
either the relationship between the state, employers' and workers organization or the relation
between the occupational organization themselves.”
Modern industrialism has not been an unmixed but has created a yawning gulf between
management and labour because of the absence of workers ownership of the means of production.
Power is concentrated in the hands of a few entrepreneurs, while the majority has been relegated to
the insignificant position of merge wage-earners. The workers have now come to realize that most
of their demands can be satisfied if they resort to concerted and collective action; while the
employers are aware of the fact that they can resist these demands. This denial or refusal to meet
their genuine demands has often led to dissatisfaction on the part of the workers, to their distress,
and even to violent activities on their part, which have hindered production and harmed both the
workers and the employees.
In order to analyse the cause of labour – management relations we have to go into the
various aspects related with industrial production and productivity. Hence in the present paper the
researcher adopted the random sampling technique for the purpose and interviewed with the help of
questionnaire. The whole universe has been classified into three groups, - viz. workers, executives
and trade union leaders/office bearers of Bokaro Steel Plant. The research proposed to select nearly
160 workers, 70 executives and 70 trade union office bearers/leaders of Bokaro Steel Plant. Thus a
total of 300 respondents in all were selected for study. The present study has been divided in IV
parts Ist part is introductory whereas the IInd part deals with various segments of labourmanagement
relations. The IIIrd part analyses the various aspects of the industrial relations
concerning to trade unions on the basis of primary datas of Bokaro Steel Plant. The last partconcludes the study.
2007-12-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6085/1/MPRA_paper_6085.pdf
Pandey, Adya Prasad (2007): Labour management relation: A radical deal for industrial peace.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6150
2019-09-26T09:40:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6150/
Indian Agriculture in the New Economic Regime, 1971-2003: Empirics based on the Cobb Douglas Production Function
Kamat, Manoj
Tupe, Sanjay
Kamat, Manasvi
Q1 - Agriculture
A1 - General Economics
B4 - Economic Methodology
This paper reviews the trends in Indian Agriculture before and after the introduction of the economic reforms, and the advent of WTO regime. We employ the Cobb Douglas Production Function using the OLS specification to investigate the determinants of agricultural gross domestic product for the period 1970-71 to 2002-03, during pre and post-economic reforms to document the impact of policy change (post-1992) and India’s membership of the WTO (post-1995). Our empirical findings reveal that Indian agriculture sector has witnessed Decreasing Returns to Scale after the introduction of economic reforms, indicating that the input availability is under strain during the same period.
2007-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6150/1/MPRA_paper_6150.pdf
Kamat, Manoj and Tupe, Sanjay and Kamat, Manasvi (2007): Indian Agriculture in the New Economic Regime, 1971-2003: Empirics based on the Cobb Douglas Production Function.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6156
2019-10-11T16:33:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453632
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453433
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453531
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473234
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453630
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453437
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453631
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453431
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6156/
STRUKTURELLE VERÄNDERUNGEN IN DER WIRTSCHAFT DER REPUBLIKEN KRAOATIEN UND BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND
Novak, Branko
Matić, Branko
E62 - Fiscal Policy
E43 - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
E0 - General
E51 - Money Supply ; Credit ; Money Multipliers
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
A10 - General
G24 - Investment Banking ; Venture Capital ; Brokerage ; Ratings and Ratings Agencies
E60 - General
E47 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
E52 - Monetary Policy
E61 - Policy Objectives ; Policy Designs and Consistency ; Policy Coordination
E41 - Demand for Money
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
The paper discusses the structural changes taking place in the financial system of the Republic of Croatia after the country became independent. Particular attention is given to the banking system, bankruptcies and rehabilitation of banks. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the development of insurance companies, investment funds and pension funds as important components of the financial system. The state and development of money and capital markets is analyzed as well. The legislation covering the major financial institutions is reviewed and compared with the legislation in highly developed market economies.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6156/1/MPRA_paper_6156.pdf
Novak, Branko and Matić, Branko (2002): STRUKTURELLE VERÄNDERUNGEN IN DER WIRTSCHAFT DER REPUBLIKEN KRAOATIEN UND BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND. Published in: XXIII. Wissenschaftliches Symposium, Strukturelle Veränderungen in der Wirtschaft der Republiken Kroatien und Bundesrepublik Deutschland (10 October 2002): pp. 31-51.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6168
2019-10-10T16:21:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4133:413330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6168/
Status of Women in the Rural Khasi Society of Meghalaya
De, Utpal Kumar
Ghose, Bholanath
A30 - General
The issue of empowerment of women has been much discussed at various levels to find out the solution to age-old problem of gender discrimination, exploitation of women and to uplift their status and position in the society. However, in most of the tribal societies even if poor, women always have an instilled special position and role they play in different spheres with great responsibility vis a vis their counterpart men. The Khasi society of Meghalaya is such a society, commonly known as matrilineal where authority, title, inheritance, residence after marriage and succession are traced through female line. So it is presumed that they do not require any special effort to make them aware and get social, economic, political or psychological understanding and knowledge to establish their rights along with men in their society as they are automatically placed on an esteemed level. They are presumed to have access to education, ownership of property, authority in their family and society; they are the heads of their families and decide what to be done or not etc. But a recent survey by us in the rural areas of Meghalaya shows that about one-third of the families are headed by the male. Also many of the families headed by females who are either widow or deserted. Also in the political sphere, hardly anybody is there who is female and even in the Dorbar; females are not allowed to take part in the meeting or decision-making. But in most of the socio-economic activities, still now dominance on female is observed even though they are assumed to be physically weak. Also, even though some families are headed by males it may be that they are just to carry out activities with the guidance of their female counterpart who has better control over assets and therefore no fear of loosing anything even if they are deserted by their husbands. Therefore, a question may arise whether in Khasi tribe the status of women is ascribed or prescribed by the society. Also it is pertinent to enquire about the direction to which the position and status of women are moving with the development of the society.
This paper is thus an attempt to examine the dynamics of status and role of tribal women in Meghalaya, especially of Khasi women. It is examined through a number of social, economic, political, cultural, psychological and attitudinal indicators on the basis of the primary data on such factors collected from two villages in East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya.
2007-02-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6168/1/MPRA_paper_6168.pdf
De, Utpal Kumar and Ghose, Bholanath (2007): Status of Women in the Rural Khasi Society of Meghalaya.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6215
2019-10-01T07:13:50Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6215/
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION, THE BASIS OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Bodea, Gabriela
Mustata, Razvan V.
F0 - General
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
A1 - General Economics
M2 - Business Economics
Communication expresses the connections between the purposes and the instruments used by a transmitter of a message. Inside the cultural grounds generated by a society – defining for the system of values of a community, it may as well facilitate, complicate or even erase any connection between individual and language. In a binary system determined by what is acquired and what is innate, the cultural factor reveals its multiple meanings, and besides any stream of appearances the two initiate a reciprocal determination. As culture is a guarantee of the functionality of a behavior, the success of an organization also depends upon the communication between the employees but as well of the connection between managerial decisions and their practice. Thus the cultural differences between the employees have to be taken into consideration, and mostly they have to be reduced so as not to transform into conflicts. Still, at times, it is these differences proper which make for the value of the idiom like „unity in diversity” and also define intercultural communication. For such a context like the business one the impact of the professional culture on a more general one is highly decisive. The assimilation of the organizational culture is accomplished by acknowledging and promoting the landmarks of the national culture while its development finds its own landmarks in notions like: the vocation, the effort and the imagination of the ones involved in initiating and maintaining a business. Consequently, the present analysis attempts to express the correspondence between the mental map of a population (its bias for certain values) and the predominant pattern of the organizational culture of that particular country.
2007-12-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6215/1/MPRA_paper_6215.pdf
Bodea, Gabriela and Mustata, Razvan V. (2007): INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION, THE BASIS OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE. Published in: International Journal of Business Research , Vol. VI, No. 1 (15 October 2006): pp. 81-95.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6290
2019-09-26T19:48:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D41:4133:413331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6290/
STATUS OF WOMEN IN THE RURAL KHASI SOCIETY OF MEGHALAYA
De, Utpal Kumar
Ghosh, Bhola Nath
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
A31 - Collected Writings of Individuals
The issue of empowerment of women has been much discussed at various levels to find out the solution to age old problem of gender discrimination, exploitation of women and to uplift their status and position in the society. However, in most of the tribal societies even if poor, women always have an instilled special position and role they play in different spheres with great responsibility vis a vis their counterpart men. The Khasi society of Meghalaya is such a society, commonly known as matrilineal where authority, title, inheritance, residence after marriage and succession are traced through female line. So it is presumed that they do not require any special effort to make them aware and get social, economic, political or psychological understanding and knowledge to establish their rights along with men in their society as they are automatically placed on an esteemed level. They are presumed to have access to education, ownership of property, authority in their family and society; they are the heads of their families and decide what to be done or not etc. But a recent survey by us in the rural areas of Meghalaya shows that about one-third of the families are headed by the male. Also many of the families headed by females who are either widow or deserted. Also in the political sphere, hardly anybody is there who is female and even in the Dorbar; females are not allowed to take part in the meeting or decision-making. But in most of the socio-economic activities, still now dominance on female is observed even though they are assumed to be physically weak. Also, even though some families are headed by males it may be that they are just to carry out activities with the guidance of their female counterpart who has better control over assets and therefore no fear of loosing anything even if they are deserted by their husbands. Therefore, a question may arise whether in Khasi tribe the status of women is ascribed or prescribed by the society. Also it is pertinent to enquire about the direction to which the position and status of women are moving with the development of the society.
This paper is thus an attempt to examine the dynamics of status and role of tribal women in Meghalaya, especially of Khasi women. It is examined through a number of social, economic, political, cultural, psychological and attitudinal indicators on the basis of the primary data on such factors collected from two villages in East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya.
2007-02-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6290/1/MPRA_paper_6290.pdf
De, Utpal Kumar and Ghosh, Bhola Nath (2007): STATUS OF WOMEN IN THE RURAL KHASI SOCIETY OF MEGHALAYA.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6360
2019-10-04T07:18:56Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6360/
SHOULD YOU REWARD MORE THOSE TEACHERS WHO PARTICIPATE MORE? A STUDY IN THE CONTEXT OF IN-SERVICE TOURISM TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS
George, Babu
M0 - General
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
Abilities to participate and communicate in different social settings is considered to be very important qualities for tourism graduates. Tourism educators are supposed to inculcate these qualities in the students and one the finest means of training. Yet, educators, especially those who belong to the ‘old school’ find it difficult to forego the teacher-dominant one-way lecture method. Thus, ‘student-centered learning’ and ‘teacher-as-facilitator’ are some of the vital-most values that are aimed to be imparted through training programs for in-service academic staff in tourism. Resource persons who handle tourism teacher training program sessions believe that these objectives could best be achieved by rewarding with higher grades those participants who interact more during the sessions. The basic assumption behind this is that encouraging teacher-participants who interact more shall instill in them the spirit of the aforesaid values, which they shall later enact in their professional lives as tourism teachers. The present study conducted in India critically examines this assumption and establishes that rewarding teacher-participants for their interaction might in fact defeat the very same purpose for which the scheme was primarily introduced. The astonishing finding is that those teacher-participants who participate more during the sessions of the in-service training programs constitute the most ‘dictatorial’ ones in their regular teaching roles along with their least participating colleagues. Those who participated moderately were noted to be the best tourism educators in terms of their facilitating student participation and encouraging student centered learning.
2007-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6360/1/MPRA_paper_6360.pdf
George, Babu (2007): SHOULD YOU REWARD MORE THOSE TEACHERS WHO PARTICIPATE MORE? A STUDY IN THE CONTEXT OF IN-SERVICE TOURISM TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS. Published in: TOURISMOS: An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism , Vol. 2, No. 2 (November 2007): pp. 11-24.
en
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