2024-03-29T08:37:15Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:415
2019-09-27T15:19:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/415/
Is Macroeconomics a Science?
Barnett, William A.
B41 - Economic Methodology
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
C00 - General
B20 - General
A10 - General
This paper was written as the first draft of the invited Foreword for the book, Money and the Economy, by Apostolos Serletis. The paper provides a critical view of those areas in which methodology in economics deviates from that in the physical sciences, provides examples and illustrations of those deviations, and emphasizes those areas of and approaches to economic research that most closely correspond with the nature of research in the physical sciences.
2006-01-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/415/1/MPRA_paper_415.pdf
Barnett, William A. (2006): Is Macroeconomics a Science?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:767
2019-09-26T14:07:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/767/
Evolving Economics: Synthesis
Stanton, Angela A.
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
A10 - General
This paper reviews the literature of behavioral-, experimental-, and neuro-economics research with the ultimatum and the dictator games.
“One may wonder whether Adam Smith, were he working today, would not be a neuroeconomi[st]”
Aldo Rustichini 2005
2006-04-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/767/1/MPRA_paper_767.pdf
Stanton, Angela A. (2006): Evolving Economics: Synthesis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1772
2019-09-27T09:31:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1772/
El rompecabezas de la investigación económica en el Caribe colombiano 1996-2005 (in Spanish)
Toro González, Daniel
Espinosa Espinosa, Aarón
Quintero Otero, Jorge
B00 - General
A10 - General
R10 - General
In this article it is realized an inventory of the production of academic and scientific articles about economics in Colombian Caribbean Coast in the last 10 years. The document analyses the scientific production in economics realized in the Caribbean Coast and about the Caribbean Coast, in order to establish a map of the regional economic research and realize an approximation to the accumulated production and the general tendencies of the publications. To accomplish this goal, it was used the JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) Classification System as a platform for completing the puzzle by topics. Among other aspects, the study shows that three non-university institutions are responsible for the 67% of the regional academic production about economics. 40% of total considered production was realized by the 10% of the Caribbean Coast researches. 51% of the JEL Classifications have not being approached by region researches. Finally, there are few institutions with a systemic and deep job in a specific topic, which is why there are many possibilities of specialization for institution that have not defined its research lines and want to be pioneers in some economic analysis topic.
2005-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1772/1/MPRA_paper_1772.pdf
Toro González, Daniel and Espinosa Espinosa, Aarón and Quintero Otero, Jorge (2005): El rompecabezas de la investigación económica en el Caribe colombiano 1996-2005 (in Spanish). Published in: Economía & Región , Vol. Vol.2, No. No.4 (December 2006): pp. 9-44.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2369
2019-09-26T19:27:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2369/
Evolving Economics: Synthesis
Stanton, Angela
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
A10 - General
This paper reviews the literature of behavioral-, experimental-, and neuro-economics research with the ultimatum and the dictator games.
“One may wonder whether Adam Smith, were he working today, would not be a neuroeconomi[st]”
Aldo Rustichini 2005
2006-04-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2369/1/MPRA_paper_2369.pdf
Stanton, Angela (2006): Evolving Economics: Synthesis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3221
2019-10-04T16:50:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3221/
Coordonatele auditului in marketingul financiar-bancar - situatia din Romania
Dura, Codruta
Driga, Imola
M31 - Marketing
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
A10 - General
The general term of internal audit was established in relation to the financial accounting activity; this notion was gradually replaced by a new approach which expands the sphere of the audit so that the preoccupation for the future is very important for any audit activity. If forming and consolidating a favorable image of the bank among service consumers represents a marketing problem, then solving it requires numerous instruments from the marketing policies; the most important role is attributed to the audit. The final goal of the marketing audit is drawing up a table regarding the performances and the efficiency of the bank, in relation to the risks involved by financial institutions and its operations. In this respect, specialists in banking management have come up with different models of calculations and rating systems in their trials to obtain the most accurate scan of the “state of health” of the banks, and moreover in their trials to identify the institutions which face financial and operational difficulties leading to bankruptcy.
The uniform bank rating system is a specific instrument for the supervising activity and has its origins in the USA ; it has later been borrowed by German, Italian, Great Britain authorities, which use influential components in their banking system; later on, their system was adopted by most central banks within the European Union. In Romania, the uniform bank rating system has been implemented by N.B.R. (the National Bank of Romania) since 2000; the specific components that were analyzed are: the capital adequacy (C), the quality of assets (A), the management (M), profitability (P), liquidities (L) and sensitivity (S) starting from the year 2005. For short, this system is called CAMPL. The evaluation of these specific elements represents an important criterion for establishing a compound rating, which means assigning scores to each bank. The compound rating for the banking system is established based on economic – financial indicators and prudence indicators.
2007-04-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3221/1/MPRA_paper_3221.pdf
Dura, Codruta and Driga, Imola (2007): Coordonatele auditului in marketingul financiar-bancar - situatia din Romania.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3701
2019-10-02T04:11:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3701/
Cooperation as self-interested reciprocity in the Centipede
Farina, Francesco
Sbriglia, Patrizia
A10 - General
Cooperation is a pervasive social phenomenon but more often than not economic theories have little to say about its causes and consequences. In this paper, we explore the hypothesis that cooperative behaviour might be motivated by purely selfish interest when the “social” payoff in a game is increasing. We report the results of a series of experiments on the centipede game. The experiments are organized in two subsequent steps. Subjects first participate in a 2-period trust game, randomly matched with unknown partners. We apply the strategy method in order to elicit their social preferences. On the basis of their pre-game behaviour, individuals are divided into three main social groups: selfish individuals, pure altruists and reciprocators. At the second step of the experiment, subjects play a repeated 6-move centipede game with increasing final payoff. Each subject plays twice in a low stake and in a high centipede game, and he/she is informed about his/her co-player social preferences. We identify the origin of cooperation within homogeneous and heterogeneous social groups.
2007-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3701/1/MPRA_paper_3701.pdf
Farina, Francesco and Sbriglia, Patrizia (2007): Cooperation as self-interested reciprocity in the Centipede.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3733
2019-09-29T06:30:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3733/
The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O1 - Economic Development
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
This paper summarizes the theory of knowledge from the book of the same title by
the same author. The paper begins by asking, and answering, what knowledge is. In searching for precise definitions it rids itself of the ambiguous term of infinity. The seven main laws of knowledge are laid out and discussed. The theory is an economic theory and as such must mention how people choose to seek knowledge. Knowledge is treated like any other commodity or product such as an apple, copper or a television set. Choices must be made in order to acquire knowledge. The tool used is the same tool used for analyzing other commodities - marginal utility analysis. The paper moves on to develop a working function of knowledge. This function helps to give a clear picture of how knowledge gains and loses occur within a society. The function leads to an understanding of critical levels of knowledge as well as the term obsolete knowledge. The paper introduces the term ‘negative’ knowledge and demonstrates how time is lost and gained within the context of knowledge. The sum of knowledge is the last major issue discussed in this paper and it can be considered the ‘signature’ of the theory. The concept that two plus two is not always four differentiates the commodity knowledge from other commodities and products. Finally the implications of this unique property of the commodity knowledge are discussed with the aim of demonstrating how the world would end up as a better place for all with food, shelter, and security for all.
2006-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3733/1/MPRA_paper_3733.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2006): The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3735
2019-09-30T06:59:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3735/
Point X and the Economics of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
In this paper the theory developed in the paper �The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge�
by the same author is developed further. This paper looks at point X, as it exists in the dimension that is called mthetho, the laws that govern the universe. Analyzing point X gives a more firm understanding of knowledge and its properties. The timelessness and independence of point X shall first be established and verified. The paper will eventually demonstrate that the timelessness and independence of this point X is what gives knowledge its power in terms of economics. The concepts developed in the paper. The Fundamental theory of Knowledge� are tested against this concept of timelessness and independence of point X, if a contradiction where to be found the theory would have serious contradictions, the paper proves that there are no contradictions. The principles of negative and obsolete knowledge are discussed in relation to point X. The laws of knowledge are tested against point X, against the timelessness and independence of point X. The law of consistency, arguably the most powerful law in investigative knowledge is also discussed in relation to point X; again the paper establishes that there are no contradictions. The law of consistency demonstrates the importance of point X, and therefore knowledge in the economic reality of human beings. Finally the foundations of material progress are discussed in the paper again with point X
being the reference point.
2007-02-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3735/1/MPRA_paper_3735.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2007): Point X and the Economics of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3743
2019-09-28T03:56:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3743/
The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O1 - Economic Development
A10 - General
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
This paper summarizes the theory of knowledge from the book of the same title by
the same author. The paper begins by asking, and answering, what knowledge is. In searching for precise definitions it rids itself of the ambiguous term of infinity. The seven main laws of knowledge are laid out and discussed. The theory is an economic theory and as such must mention how people choose to seek knowledge. Knowledge is treated like any other commodity or product such as an apple, copper or a television set. Choices must be made in order to acquire knowledge. The tool used is the same tool used for analyzing other commodities - marginal utility analysis. The paper moves on to develop a working function of knowledge. This function helps to give a clear picture of how knowledge gains and loses occur within a society. The function leads to an understanding of critical levels of knowledge as well as the term obsolete knowledge. The paper introduces the term ‘negative’ knowledge and demonstrates how time is lost and gained within the context of knowledge. The sum of knowledge is the last major issue discussed in this paper and it can be considered the ‘signature’ of the theory. The concept that two plus two is not always four differentiates the commodity knowledge from other commodities and products. Finally the implications of this unique property of the commodity knowledge are discussed with the aim of demonstrating how the world would end up as a better place for all with food, shelter, and security for all.
2006-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3743/1/MPRA_paper_3743.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2006): The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4262
2019-09-29T04:49:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4262/
An analytical approach on defense expenditure and economic growth: the case of Turkey and Greece
Kalyoncu, Huseyin
Yucel, Fatih
A10 - General
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between defense expenditure and economic growth for Turkey and Greece in the period of 1956-2003 using yearly data. Therefore we use Engle-Granger cointegration methodology and Granger causality test. It is found that these two variables are cointegrated for both countries studied. We found unidirectional causality running from economic growth to defense expenditure only for Turkey.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4262/1/MPRA_paper_4262.pdf
Kalyoncu, Huseyin and Yucel, Fatih (2005): An analytical approach on defense expenditure and economic growth: the case of Turkey and Greece. Published in: Journal of Economic Studies , Vol. 33, No. 5 (2006): pp. 336-343.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4419
2019-09-27T15:59:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4419/
Towards a new theory of economic policy: Continuity and innovation
Acocella, Nicola
Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni
A10 - General
E00 - General
This paper outlines the evolution of the theory of economic policy from the classical contributions of Frisch, Hansen, Tinbergen and Theil to situations of strategic interaction. Andrew Hughes Hallett has taken an active and relevant part in this evolution, having contributed to both the development and recent rediscovery of the classical theory, with possible relevant applications for model building.
2007-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4419/1/MPRA_paper_4419.pdf
Acocella, Nicola and Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni (2007): Towards a new theory of economic policy: Continuity and innovation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4478
2019-09-26T12:15:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413139
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4478/
The slowdown in first-response times of economics journals: Can it be beneficial?
Azar, Ofer H.
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
A19 - Other
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A10 - General
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
The first response time (henceforth FRT) of economics journals has increased over the last four decades from 1-2 months to 3-6 months. The optimal FRT, however, is not zero, because the FRT deters submission of mediocre papers to good journals and consequently saves valuable time of referees and editors. The change in the actual FRT is in the same direction as the change in the optimal FRT, which has increased because of the availability of research on the Internet prior to publication and because the costs of refereeing a paper have increased.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4478/1/MPRA_paper_4478.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2002): The slowdown in first-response times of economics journals: Can it be beneficial? Published in: Economic Inquiry , Vol. 1, No. 45 (2007): pp. 179-187.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4482
2019-09-28T04:57:32Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4482/
Evolution of social norms with heterogeneous preferences: A general model and an application to the academic review process
Azar, Ofer H.
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A10 - General
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
The article presents a model of social norm evolution, which suggests how the increase in optimal and actual first response times (FRT) of economics journals can be related. When the optimal FRT and the norm about how much time refereeing should take increase, it seems that the existence of a norm increases the average refereeing time. The model suggests the surprising result that this is not necessarily true. I also discuss applications of the model in other contexts, differences in the optimal FRT between disciplines, the effects of the FRT on the tenure process, and strategic behavior of referees.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4482/1/MPRA_paper_4482.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2002): Evolution of social norms with heterogeneous preferences: A general model and an application to the academic review process. Forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4483
2019-09-26T18:55:07Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D41:4133:413330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4483/
Citing reprinted material
Azar, Ofer H.
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
A20 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A10 - General
A30 - General
Journal articles are sometimes later reprinted as chapters of edited books. The question whether citations of this material should mention the book or the journal has significant implications. I describe several advantages of citing the journal: it allows the readers to locate the material more easily and to handle it more conveniently (when it is available electronically); it gives a better signal about how important and updated the material is; and it gives the journal proper credit, which is important because journals are ranked based on citations. Finally, several reasons for citing the book are also discussed.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4483/1/MPRA_paper_4483.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2005): Citing reprinted material. Forthcoming in: American Economist
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4540
2019-09-30T04:23:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4540/
Where Economics Has Been Headed? Multiple Identities And Diversity In Economic Literature Evidence From Top Journals Over The Period 2000-2006 A First Note
Campiglio, Luigi
Caruso, Raul
A10 - General
This short paper presents some preliminary results of an ongoing research work focusing on richness and diversity of economic literature. The key idea is that each article published in an economic journal retains multiple identities. These multiple identities are captured through the use of Jel codes. A sample of ten top generalist journals has been selected. The relative abundance of all Jel categories has been computed for the period 2000-2006. Moreover, a degree of diversity has been proposed for both the sampled journals and the entire Econlit database.
2007-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4540/1/MPRA_paper_4540.pdf
Campiglio, Luigi and Caruso, Raul (2007): Where Economics Has Been Headed? Multiple Identities And Diversity In Economic Literature Evidence From Top Journals Over The Period 2000-2006 A First Note.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5934
2017-12-21T09:22:29Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5987
2019-10-03T13:02:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5987/
SHOULD THE UTILITY FUNCTION BE DITCHED?
Dominique, C-Rene
B40 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A10 - General
This note takes a retrospective look at the Utility Construct still in use in economic science and compares it to a new approach based on recent findings in neuroscience. The results show that it is more natural and more compelling to go from the preference order to the price vector. Thus making the non-falsifiable utility apparatus superfluous.
2007-11-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5987/1/MPRA_paper_5987.pdf
Dominique, C-Rene (2007): SHOULD THE UTILITY FUNCTION BE DITCHED?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6065
2019-09-26T14:45:42Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6065/
Indian sugar industry - a strong industrial base for rural India
Pandey, Adya Prasad
A1 - General Economics
A10 - General
Indian sugar industry, second largest agro-based processing industry afte the
cotton textiles industry in country, has a lion's share in accelerating industrialization
process and bringing socio-economic changes in under developed rural areas. Sugar
industry covers around 7.5% of total rural population and provides employment to 5 lakh
rural people. About 4.5 crore farmers are engaged in sugarcane cultivation in Inda. Sugar
mills (cooperative, private, and public) have been instrumental in initiating a number of
entrepreneurial activities in rural India. Present paper is an attempt as to review progress
of sugar industry in India, understand it's problems and challenges in context of ongoing
liberalization process. Indian sugar industry can be a global leader provided it comes out
of the vicious cycle of shortage and surplus of sugarcane, lower sugarcane yield, lower
sugar recovery, ever increasing production costs and mounting losses. It needs quality
management at all levels of activity to enhance productivity and production. Attention is
required on cost minimization and undertaking by product processing activities.
2007-12-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6065/1/MPRA_paper_6065.pdf
Pandey, Adya Prasad (2007): Indian sugar industry - a strong industrial base for rural India. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6085
2019-09-26T19:49:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6085/
Labour management relation: A radical deal for industrial peace
Pandey, Adya Prasad
A10 - General
In the rapid programme of industrial development of India, trade unions have come to
occupy a critical position in the success of industrial relations in the country. Trade Unionism in
India has been undergoing rapid changes due to socio-economic transformation. The term industrial
relation or labour – management relation, refers to industry and relations, ‘industry’ means ‘any
productive activity in which an individual is engaged’ and ‘relations’ means ‘the relations that exist
in the industry between the employer and his workmen’. The concept of industrial relation is a
developing and dynamic concept and does not limit itself merely to the complex of relations
between the unions and management but also refers to the general web of relationship normally
obtaining between employees. A web is much more complex than the simple concept of labour
capital conflict.
According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) “Industrial relations deals with
either the relationship between the state, employers' and workers organization or the relation
between the occupational organization themselves.”
Modern industrialism has not been an unmixed but has created a yawning gulf between
management and labour because of the absence of workers ownership of the means of production.
Power is concentrated in the hands of a few entrepreneurs, while the majority has been relegated to
the insignificant position of merge wage-earners. The workers have now come to realize that most
of their demands can be satisfied if they resort to concerted and collective action; while the
employers are aware of the fact that they can resist these demands. This denial or refusal to meet
their genuine demands has often led to dissatisfaction on the part of the workers, to their distress,
and even to violent activities on their part, which have hindered production and harmed both the
workers and the employees.
In order to analyse the cause of labour – management relations we have to go into the
various aspects related with industrial production and productivity. Hence in the present paper the
researcher adopted the random sampling technique for the purpose and interviewed with the help of
questionnaire. The whole universe has been classified into three groups, - viz. workers, executives
and trade union leaders/office bearers of Bokaro Steel Plant. The research proposed to select nearly
160 workers, 70 executives and 70 trade union office bearers/leaders of Bokaro Steel Plant. Thus a
total of 300 respondents in all were selected for study. The present study has been divided in IV
parts Ist part is introductory whereas the IInd part deals with various segments of labourmanagement
relations. The IIIrd part analyses the various aspects of the industrial relations
concerning to trade unions on the basis of primary datas of Bokaro Steel Plant. The last partconcludes the study.
2007-12-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6085/1/MPRA_paper_6085.pdf
Pandey, Adya Prasad (2007): Labour management relation: A radical deal for industrial peace.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6156
2019-10-11T16:33:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453632
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453433
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453531
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473234
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453630
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453437
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453631
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453431
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6156/
STRUKTURELLE VERÄNDERUNGEN IN DER WIRTSCHAFT DER REPUBLIKEN KRAOATIEN UND BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND
Novak, Branko
Matić, Branko
E62 - Fiscal Policy
E43 - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
E0 - General
E51 - Money Supply ; Credit ; Money Multipliers
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
A10 - General
G24 - Investment Banking ; Venture Capital ; Brokerage ; Ratings and Ratings Agencies
E60 - General
E47 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
E52 - Monetary Policy
E61 - Policy Objectives ; Policy Designs and Consistency ; Policy Coordination
E41 - Demand for Money
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
The paper discusses the structural changes taking place in the financial system of the Republic of Croatia after the country became independent. Particular attention is given to the banking system, bankruptcies and rehabilitation of banks. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the development of insurance companies, investment funds and pension funds as important components of the financial system. The state and development of money and capital markets is analyzed as well. The legislation covering the major financial institutions is reviewed and compared with the legislation in highly developed market economies.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6156/1/MPRA_paper_6156.pdf
Novak, Branko and Matić, Branko (2002): STRUKTURELLE VERÄNDERUNGEN IN DER WIRTSCHAFT DER REPUBLIKEN KRAOATIEN UND BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND. Published in: XXIII. Wissenschaftliches Symposium, Strukturelle Veränderungen in der Wirtschaft der Republiken Kroatien und Bundesrepublik Deutschland (10 October 2002): pp. 31-51.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6734
2019-09-27T12:02:35Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6734/
EMERGING DIMENSIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION DEBATE IN THE AGE OF GLOCALIZATION
Sharma, Chanchal Kumar
H70 - General
A10 - General
In 21st Century the development landscape worldwide is constantly being shaped and reshaped by the simultaneous processes of globalization and localization (collectively called Glocalization). In this scenario the subnational political units are emerging as the principle actors in the global economy. With this the location or site of governance is changing. Thus the need is to situate the debate on decentralization in context of glocalization. This chapter is an attempt to understand ‘why’ and ‘how’ of decentralization─ the questions that have perplexed the policy makers and academicians in the age of glocalization. It has been argued that ‘how decentralization is designed’ depends on ‘why decentralization is being carried out’: Drive determines the design. The chapter reflects upon various dimensions related to the design of decentralization and shows that out of the competing approaches none forms an ‘ideal type solution’. Solution, it is agued, is to be found not in antipodes but in an ‘optimal mix of policies implemented with optimal pace’. Each country however must find its own ‘optimality’ given its tradition, geography, economy, income level, social structure and political choices.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6734/1/MPRA_paper_6734.pdf
Sharma, Chanchal Kumar (2008): EMERGING DIMENSIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION DEBATE IN THE AGE OF GLOCALIZATION. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6797
2019-09-27T08:34:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6797/
WHERE ECONOMICS HAS BEEN HEADED? MULTIPLE IDENTITIES AND DIVERSITY IN ECONOMIC LITERATURE EVIDENCE FROM TOP JOURNALS OVER THE PERIOD 2000-2006 A FIRST NOTE
Caruso, Raul
Campiglio, Luigi
A10 - General
This short paper presents some preliminary results of an ongoing research work focusing on richness and diversity of economic literature. The key idea is that each article published in an economic journal retains multiple identities. These multiple identities are captured through the use of JEL codes. A sample of top generalist journals has been selected. The relative abundance of all JEL categories has been computed for the period 2000-2006. Moreover, a degree of diversity has been proposed for both the sampled journals and the entire Econlit database.
2007-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6797/1/MPRA_paper_6797.pdf
Caruso, Raul and Campiglio, Luigi (2007): WHERE ECONOMICS HAS BEEN HEADED? MULTIPLE IDENTITIES AND DIVERSITY IN ECONOMIC LITERATURE EVIDENCE FROM TOP JOURNALS OVER THE PERIOD 2000-2006 A FIRST NOTE.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6866
2019-09-26T14:29:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6866/
COMPETITIVENESS OF THE PORT OF SINES: THE RBV CONTRIBUTION
Azevedo, Susana
Ferreira, João
L10 - General
M10 - General
A10 - General
M20 - General
L80 - General
The main objective of this paper is to analyze the competitiveness of the main maritime Port sited in Portugal - Port of Sines. This paper is developed under the Resource-based view approach. A literature review about the Resource-based view is presented with a special highlight on the contribution of organizations owns’ resources to the competitiveness. With this paper we intend to emphasize the applicability of a management theory to a different type of organizations which only recently start to be preoccupied with its competitiveness.
A case study methodology is used in order to collect all the information needed about its main resources and capabilities of Port and also its competitiveness. The resources analysed in this paper are: the infrastructures, the accessibilities, the Port operations and also the information systems used on it. Also, a set of performance data is analysed as the main indicators of competitiveness. After that, a conceptual model is presented in order to systematise the main resources and capabilities under which the competitiveness of the Port of Sines is built on.
2008-01-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6866/2/MPRA_paper_6866.pdf
Azevedo, Susana and Ferreira, João (2008): COMPETITIVENESS OF THE PORT OF SINES: THE RBV CONTRIBUTION.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6924
2019-09-29T01:23:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6924/
measures of social capital and trust
o'higgins, s. niall
Sbriglia, Patrizia
A10 - General
Trust and trustworthiness are important components of social capital and much attention has been devoted to the problems of their correct evaluation. Attitudinal survey questions as reported in the EVS – European Value Survey - are often regarded as inefficient indicators of trust, since they lack of behavioural underpinnings (Putnam, 1995) which one might desire when measuring trust.
In this paper, we consider alternative measures of trust and trustworthiness, based on behavioural assumptions. We construct two relative behavioural measures of trust (RBM1 and RBM2), both based on the ex post measurement of trust, once individuals are informed on the level of trustworthiness of the social group to which they have been allocated during the experiment. Our main finding is that the relative behavioural measures show that trust strongly varies once the individual is informed on the on the level of trustworthiness of the social group to which he\she has been allocated during the experiment. This difference is higher the higher is the family level of income and the parental education status. As for previous findings (Glaeser et al., 2000, Lazzarini, 2005) which have found no correlation between attitudinal and behavioural measures of trust, we find that relative behavioural measures are not correlated to attitudinal measures but they are strongly correlated to groups’ trustworthiness. We also find that similar social preferences profiles (between Senders and Recipients) tend to enhance the individual level of trust, in the RBM2 context. This result seems to confirm the importance of the homogeneity of the social environment when studying the effects of policy interventions (Alesina and La Ferrara, 2002).
2007-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6924/1/MPRA_paper_6924.pdf
o'higgins, s. niall and Sbriglia, Patrizia (2007): measures of social capital and trust.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7024
2019-09-30T21:49:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7024/
Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons
Khan, Haider
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
Milton Friedman’s “The Methodology of Positive Economies” is still one of the most widely read pieces on economic methodology. One reason for this might be Friedman’s attractive proposal that economists use theories and hypotheses as pragmatic devices to summarize data and make predictions over the relevant range of observations. Logically, this should lead to a fair minded comparison among many contending theories. However, Friedman's actual examples and discussion of these examples raise a puzzle. The field of comparison seems unduly narrow from the beginning. In my attempt to resolve this, I consider some logical and ontological problems for Friedman's position. I end up by suggesting a scientific realist approach to testing theories by causal comparisons over a wide field of contending theories.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7024/1/MPRA_paper_7024.pdf
Khan, Haider (2005): Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7322
2019-10-03T06:19:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7322/
It Ain`t Broken But It Has To Be Fixed
Lorca-Susino, Maria
A10 - General
The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) adopted by the European Council in its June 1997 Amsterdam meeting is an agreement by European Union Member States related to their conduct of fiscal policy to facilitate and maintain economic and monetary union. It basically consists of enforcement policies of mutual surveillance of fiscal positions and of an excessive deficit . By 1990s the convergence was real and the achievement on the part of the member states of the so-called Maastricht Convergence Criteria , art. 121.1 of the EC Treaty, was a requirement for all those Member States adopting the euro; that is, the so-called stage 3. However, the German Finance Minister Theo Waigel was concerned that some EU States might make a one time effort to meet the convergence criteria to qualify for the euro after which they will revert to high levels of borrowing and endanger the stability of the new currency; based on this believe the ¨stability and growth pact¨ was created.
2006-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7322/1/MPRA_paper_7322.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2006): It Ain`t Broken But It Has To Be Fixed. Published in: European Union Miami Analysis , Vol. 2, (February 2006): pp. 1-9.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7323
2019-10-02T23:50:41Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7323/
In One Ear, Out The Other
Lorca-Susino, Maria
A10 - General
The Union Members had some many problems to solve when drafting the Treaty of Rome (1958) that very little attention was paid to social policies provisions on the rights of workers, even less space was devoted to the migration of labour in the common market and the idea of full employment was considered a chimera. Simply, unemployment, as such, was not a Community concern at the time; although, by 1990 unemployment became the EU´s most intractable economic problem .
2006-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7323/1/MPRA_paper_7323.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2006): In One Ear, Out The Other. Published in: European Union Miami Analysis (EUMA) , Vol. 2, no., (April 2006): pp. 1-10.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7351
2019-09-26T09:27:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7351/
Right To Information Act and NREGA: Reflections on Rajasthan
Menon, Sudha Venu
A10 - General
This article explores the role of Right to Information Act in effective Implementation of NREGA through checking corruption. For substantiating the core argument, the paper examines the success story of NREGA in Rajasthan.Section one of the article explains RTI, its significance in giving transparency and accountability in NREGA , the procedures to be followed in using RTI, need for mass participation and role of civil society. Section two discusses the pioneering role of Aruna Roy and MKSS in Rajasthan for making RTI and NREGA a reality. Compare to other states, NREGA experiment was successful in Rajasthan mainly because of the mass awareness campaigns, muster roll verification, periodic social audit, active role of PRIs etc. The paper also highlight the achievements of NREGA in Rajasthan like checking migration to urban areas, Natural Resource Management include water conservation and harvesting structure, drought proofing, micro irrigation works, provision of irrigation facilities to land owned by SC/ST, rural connectivity, renovation of water bodies, and pasture land development
2008-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7351/1/MPRA_paper_7351.pdf
Menon, Sudha Venu (2008): Right To Information Act and NREGA: Reflections on Rajasthan.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7365
2019-09-27T02:12:58Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453530
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7365/
Is the Euro, as a Common Currency,a Tool for Integration?
Lorca-Susino, Maria
E50 - General
A10 - General
The European Union (EU) has become an icon of successful regional integration. Despite this
success, the on-going integration process has two different speeds; while economic integration
has been fast, steady, and assertive, political integration has been slow and demoralizing at times.
This is justified by the complicated idiosyncrasy of the EU structure. However, this complacency
with integration difficulties is becoming dangerous as the EU is at a critical moment with respect
to both economic and political integration. In fact, many voices are claiming that the EU
integration process has come to an abrupt end due to the latest difficulties in encouraging
important structural reforms, implementing sound economic requirements, and struggling to agree
on the Reform Treaty. However, this criticism is opportunistic because it does not take into account all that has been achieved in such a short period of time given the number of different countries involved,
especially after the introduction of the EMU and the adoption of the euro as a common currency.
2008-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7365/1/MPRA_paper_7365.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2008): Is the Euro, as a Common Currency,a Tool for Integration? Published in: Miami-Florida European Union Center of Excellence , Vol. 5, (February 2008): pp. 1-11.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7571
2019-09-26T12:06:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7571/
Demystifying Subprime Crisis
Saraogi, Ravi
A10 - General
The article explains in lucid terms what the US Subprime Crisis is all about.
2007-09-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7571/1/MPRA_paper_7571.pdf
Saraogi, Ravi (2007): Demystifying Subprime Crisis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7609
2019-10-01T10:21:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463136
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433638
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443433
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7609/
Analyzing Poverty Impact of Trade Liberalization Policies in CGE Models: Theory and Some Policy Experiments in Agricultural and Non-agricultural Sectors in South Asia
Khan, haider
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
A10 - General
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
The paper uses a dualistic, compact and “generic” (macroeconomic) computable general equilibrium (CGE) model specially constructed for the purpose of investigating the implications of trade liberalization for poverty reduction in South Asia. The model is a stylized representation of economies with large populations including large numbers of both urban and rural poor as in India, Pakistan or Bangladesh. The current “generic” model uses CES production functions and Harris-Todaro type migration model together with representative data to generate economy wide results. It is found that a dualistic production structure with sufficient details on the labor markets and household side can capture some of the effects of trade liberalization on poverty reduction. The model’s general equilibrium results suggest that trade liberalization can complement other specific policy interventions for poverty reduction.
2008-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7609/1/MPRA_paper_7609.pdf
Khan, haider (2008): Analyzing Poverty Impact of Trade Liberalization Policies in CGE Models: Theory and Some Policy Experiments in Agricultural and Non-agricultural Sectors in South Asia.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7949
2019-10-01T04:44:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7949/
Immigration to the EU Through Spain
Lorca-Susino, Maria
A10 - General
Over the past decade, boatloads of illegal immigrants began arriving on beaches near Gibraltar and since then, Spain has been placing more obstacles to stop this flow. Spain is part of the European Union and geographically is fourteen kilometres from North Africa at the Strait of Gibraltar, there are also direct land borders at the Spanish North African enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, and the Canary Islands are one hundred kilometres away from the West African coast—see maps below. Furthermore, the population boom in much of the African continent is outstripping economic growth so the number of illegal immigrants arriving to Spain has been rising.
This trend began in 2005 when the number of the illegal immigrants –sin papeles— crossing the Strait of Gibraltar was uncontrollable and rose in only six months an amazing 191%. This situation led to the implementation of new border protections, the results was that illegal immigration, like water flowing downhill, found a new path of least resistance that have taken them to Canary Islands. Just in the first five months of 2006, the number reaching the islands is already reaching 8,000 people.
This increase in international illegal immigration especially from African countries is challenging the social and political structures and solidarity of Spain and the European Union. In this paper I will discuss some immigration trends in international migration coming to Europe through Spain, a “new” country of immigration, which recently is becoming a waiting ¨room¨ for international illegal immigration.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7949/1/MPRA_paper_7949.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2006): Immigration to the EU Through Spain. Published in: European Union Miami Analysis (EUMA) , Vol. 2, (June 2006): 0-7.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7950
2019-10-14T16:24:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7950/
Could Europe Take the Slack Caused by a Slowdown in US Growth?
Lorca-Susino, Maria
A10 - General
According to the International Monetary Fund ¨World Economic Outlook¨ published September 6th, in 2006 the World will enjoy a fifth year of consecutive growth with an economy on track to grow at 5.1%. In the European Union, Joaquin Almunia – European Union monetary affairs commissioner - has raised the EU growth forecast from 2.1% to 2.5% for year 2006. In the ¨Macroeconomic and Financial Situation in the European Union ¨ report, presented in Madrid last Septermber, Almunia gave the most upbeat assessment of the Eurozone economy for years, claiming that the economic recovery was robust and that structural reform in the labor, financial and product markets were paying off. He explicitly reported that ¨Economic growth this year is set to be the best we have had since 2000¨ and even expressed confidence in a further economic growth update for 2007 since he believes that the economic reforms will continue. The latest unemployment rate for the Eurozone— 8% in July— together with an accelerating growth driven by a boost in domestic demand and investment are nothing but good news for Almunia for whom the inflation rate is under control at 2.3%. However, according with the mentioned IMF report, this economic boom is predicted to finish in 2007 and – while the IMF agrees with Almunia´s in an unprecedented economic growth for 2006— it forecasts a ¨soft landing¨ for the world economy for 2007, leaded by a slowdown in the US economy, ¨risk to the global outlook is clearly tilted to the downside, there is one-in-six chance of growth falling below 3.25 per cent in 2007¨ a significant decline compared with the 5.1% growth confirmed for 2006. While for Almunia structural changes, employment and domestic growth are the reason for a continuous economic boom, for the IMF the burst will come by a slowdown in the US housing market and the actual surge in inflationary expectations that are forcing central banks to raise interest rates.
2006-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7950/1/MPRA_paper_7950.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2006): Could Europe Take the Slack Caused by a Slowdown in US Growth? Published in: European Union Miami Analysis (EUMA) , Vol. 3, (October 2006): pp. 1-4.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7951
2019-09-28T07:16:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7951/
The EU-China Trading-Economic Relationship Is Not a Zero-Sum Game
Lorca-Susino, Maria
A10 - General
The European Union (EU) presented on Tuesday, October 24th, 2006, “EU-China: Closer partners, growing responsibilities” which establishes the bases for a new, extended partnership and cooperation agreement with Beijing. This new agreement is necessary since the current 1985 “Trade and Co-operation Agreement” does not reflect the recent surge in trade between the two regions. Even though China has passed the first law targeting money-laundering, the EU keeps criticizing that China’s current market barriers, intellectual property violations, and continuous state intervention to maintain an undervalued currency are undermining the beginning of a prosperous new era of EU-China economic relations -- especially, if the currency devaluation were to continue, even after being member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). In fact, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has said that despite China having allowed more movement in the currency since September, a faster appreciation of China’s currency, the renminbi, is required since the surge in China's net exports and increase in its foreign exchange reserves demonstrates that the currency remains extremely undervalued.
Furthermore, China is also being heavily criticized for opening the market to foreign banks too slowly, stating that a “free for all” would “damage the system.” This situation will be a truly devastating zero-sum game for Europe because the EU will be loosing jobs and reducing the living standard, while subsidizing China's poverty with European money. For this reason, EU has stated that “there is a growing risk that the EU-China trading relationship will not be seen as genuinely reciprocal. Political pressure in the EU to resist further openness to Chinese competition is likely to increase if these problems are not addressed.”
2006-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7951/1/MPRA_paper_7951.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2006): The EU-China Trading-Economic Relationship Is Not a Zero-Sum Game. Published in: European Union Miami Analysis (EUMA) , Vol. 3, (November 2006): pp. 5-7.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7952
2019-09-27T02:12:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7952/
Is the Euro, as a Common Currency, a Tool for Integration?
Lorca-Susino, Maria
A10 - General
The European Union (EU) has become an icon of successful regional integration. Despite this success, the on-going integration process has two different speeds; while economic integration has been fast, steady, and assertive, political integration has been slow and demoralizing at times. This is justified by the complicated idiosyncrasy of the EU structure. However, this complacency with integration difficulties is becoming dangerous as the EU is at a critical moment with respect to both economic and political integration. In fact, many voices are claiming that the EU integration process has come to an abrupt end due to the latest difficulties in encouraging important structural reforms, implementing sound economic requirements, and struggling to agree on the Reform Treaty. Gros and Micossi have stated that:
“the EU’s inability to meet the challenges of integration is due to rigid economic structures and inadequate human capital—weaknesses that according to conventional wisdom can only be tackled by national policies, with little role for the Union and common policies. On the contrary, substantial policy spillovers across the EU justify strengthened policy coordination for labor-market, immigration and welfare reform”.
However, this criticism is opportunistic because it does not take into account all that has been achieved in such a short period of time given the number of different countries involved, especially after the introduction of the EMU and the adoption of the euro as a common currency.
Currently, there is an academic debate on whether economic integration precedes political integration or vice versa: this debate mainly focuses on explaining whether regional integration is caused by political or economic factors. Some assert that political decisions have been motivated by economic reasoning , and explain that historical evidence proves that “descriptions of fluctuations of international economic integration identify clear economic dynamics behind political decisions.” Others believe that political decisions are the propellers of regional integration and, as Balassa states, “political motives may prompt the first step in economic integration.”
Regardless of this debate, this paper will explain how the introduction of the euro has facilitated the EU’s regional integration process, which encompasses both economic and political integration, and has allowed Europe to blossom ¨into a continent that is widely admired as prosperous, diverse and caring.¨
2008-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7952/1/MPRA_paper_7952.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2008): Is the Euro, as a Common Currency, a Tool for Integration? Published in: European Union Miami Analysis (EUMA) , Vol. 5, (February 2008): pp. 2-11.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8030
2019-09-29T22:33:13Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8030/
Macromanagement and Business Environment: Analysis of the 1991 Indian Economic Crisis
Saraogi, Ravi
A10 - General
In this paper, we discuss the importance that macroeconomic management, policies and stability have on promoting the business environment of a country. For this purpose, the analysis of the 1991 Balance of Payments (BoP) crisis in India has been done to show how poor macroeconomic management of the Indian economy during the 1980s precipitated the BoP crisis in 1991 and led to the disruption of business environment during the crisis phase. We then look at how the subsequent corrective macroeconomic management and policies led to the restoration and improvement of the business climate in the economy.
2006-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8030/1/MPRA_paper_8030.pdf
Saraogi, Ravi (2006): Macromanagement and Business Environment: Analysis of the 1991 Indian Economic Crisis. Published in: Perspectives of Future Economists in South Asia No. 1st Published in 2008 (2008): pp. 43-53.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8073
2019-10-09T10:28:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8073/
The Culture of The Economist. A Further Evidence of “The Economist” Index
Molero, Juan Carlos
Pujol, Francesc
F00 - General
A10 - General
This paper offers further evidence to “The Economist” index of economic power developed by Pujol (2003). The original index is composite by construction and it gives information about year 2000, comparing the results with year 1990. Also econometric evidence is offered.
Testing the robustness of the ranking of selected countries obtained by Pujol’s index, this paper applies the same methodology to two specific years: 1995 and 2001. This paper tries to ascertain if the evolution of the ranking of countries among years 1990 and 2000 is not merely a chance. If the index is valid, it should work for any single year, reflecting the evolution of the power of each country during a chosen period of time.
The number of times each country appears in tables and graphs of the different “The Economist” issues for year 1995 confirms the evolution of the index between 1990 and 2000. Data for year 2001 gives continuity and support to the ranking developed in year 2000. Then we verify that “The Economist” index as an easier and valid alternative to other traditional ways in order to reflect the relative economic and financial power of the different countries. In other words, the data analyzed from this magazine make sense, because at the end it gives the same information that the one obtained from other more traditional and sophisticated ways. In other words, that we call The cultural of The Economist works
2004-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8073/1/MPRA_paper_8073.pdf
Molero, Juan Carlos and Pujol, Francesc (2004): The Culture of The Economist. A Further Evidence of “The Economist” Index.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8235
2019-09-28T16:34:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8235/
Commercialization of Intellectual Property (IP) for Small and Medium Enterprisers (SMEs) in India
Neeraj Parnami, Neeraj Parnami
A10 - General
Lots of people in this modern era take the Intellectual property (IP) as a magical word and they think that the game can be understood only by the experts or the trained people. Even there is no surprise that you may be asking yourself that why and how IP is going to provide an emerging platform in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector? Presently, the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India are at a crossroad and there is an intense debate over the questions like what would be the future of these SMEs? How these SMEs can survive in the international trade arena? What role can the government play in making these SMEs more competitive? How can the Intellectual property (IP) generate wealth in the business?
In order to know the answers of all these questions the paper is written and is concerned with the identification and analysis of current approaches of SMEs towards the Intellectual property (IP), the hurdles that they face; and the accessible & feasible solutions.
2008-03-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8235/1/MPRA_paper_8235.pdf
Neeraj Parnami, Neeraj Parnami (2008): Commercialization of Intellectual Property (IP) for Small and Medium Enterprisers (SMEs) in India. Published in: SSRN
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8297
2019-10-01T19:28:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433638
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8297/
Causal Depth contra Humean Empiricism: Aspects of a Scientific Realist Approach to Explanation
Khan, Haider
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
The purpose of this note is to clarify how the idea of "causal depth" can play a role in finding the more "approximately true" explanation through causal comparisons. It is not an exhaustive treatment but rather focuses on a few aspects that may be the most critical in evaluating the explanatory strengths of a theory in the social sciences. It presents a general argument which is anti-Humean on the critical side and scientific realist on the positive side. It also elucidates how explanations in political economy and other social sciences can be judged by the scientific realist criterion of causal depth by an extensive example from research in the political economy of development. In this case, an "intentional" and methodologically individualist neoclassical explanation is contrasted with a "structural" dual-dual approach as rival theories purporting to explain the same set of phenomena. The formal model representing the dual-dual approach can easily be contrasted with its neoclassical counterpart. The comparison shows that the dual-dual model is indeed deeper in terms of causal structure than the neoclassical model
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8297/1/MPRA_paper_8297.pdf
Khan, Haider (2008): Causal Depth contra Humean Empiricism: Aspects of a Scientific Realist Approach to Explanation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8792
2019-10-28T19:08:25Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8799
2019-09-30T11:30:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443230
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3339
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8799/
Knowledge Economics role in explaining growth and innovation
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
A20 - General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
D20 - General
O39 - Other
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
A10 - General
D80 - General
This paper is written to show that there is a definite model that has been developed that explains the role of innovation to economic growth. This paper is based on the theorem that was built up in the paper that I wrote in 2007 entitled “Point X and the Economics of Knowledge”, as well as the so far unpublished papers concerning the long and short term properties of knowledge. This paper shall us the short term properties of knowledge to explain the relationship between growth and Knowledge. Stuart Kauffman of the university of Calgary believes that “Conventional economic theories about growth and the evolution of future wealth may be inadequate. We need a theory and historical examination of the growth of the actual economic web and of whether, in a supracritical economy, a sufficiently high diversity of the web autocatalytically drives its own growth. Furthermore, we need to understand the mutually and collectively cross-enhancing power of complementary technologies, regulatory structure and attraction of consumers in the creation of wealth.” I say this is wrong, the paper “Point X and the Economics of Knowledge”, gives an excellent framework to answer these questions. This paper will delve to be as simple as possible.
2008-05-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8799/1/MPRA_paper_8799.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2008): Knowledge Economics role in explaining growth and innovation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8855
2019-09-28T08:45:24Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433332
7375626A656374733D45:4532
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D45:4533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8855/
The US Dollar and the Euro: Deus Ex-Machina
Lorca-Susino, Maria
C32 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes ; State Space Models
E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy
A10 - General
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
Until the 19th and mid-20th centuries, economic theory explained that the economic status of a country was represented by the strength of its currency. This strength is measured by the exchange rate of one currency vis-á-vis another currency, a “zero-sum” game in which one currency gains what the other loses. In fact, during the 19th century, the strength of the Pound Sterling facilitated Britain’s global hegemonic political and economic power known as the Pax Britanica. During the 20th century, the strength of the US dollar represented both the economic and political hegemony of the US around the world known as the Pax Americana. Nowadays, the weakness of the US dollar is making specialists wonder if we are witnessing the end of Pax Americana and the beginning of something else, possibly a Pax Europea, led by the strength of the euro.
This is the argument surrounding the current behaviour of the US$-€ exchange rate and its effect on the economic performance of these two economic blocs. While the current exchange rate between the US dollar and the euro has been considered a blessing for the US, it has become a matter of concern for most Eurozone countries. In fact, we are witnessing an unprecedented scenario where the country with a weak currency is actually pleased and the group of countries with a strong currency is worried. The strength of the euro is becoming irritating for the Eurozone and, nevertheless, the weakness of the US dollar is also pushing it to the brink of losing its status as a global currency.
This exchange rate debate is accompanied by another debate concerning how the latest monetary policy actions taken by the US and Eurozone monetary authorities , aimed at solving current economic imbalances, are affecting the US$-€ exchange rate. Scholars, economists, and politicians argue that these monetary policies seem unable to solve today’s economic problems in the EU as well as in the Eurozone, but are having a tremendous impact on the US$-€ exchange rate.
This paper will explain in layman’s terms the relationship (or lack thereof) between two of today’s most important economic issues: the US dollar and euro exchange rate, and the monetary policy behind it.
2008-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8855/1/MPRA_paper_8855.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2008): The US Dollar and the Euro: Deus Ex-Machina. Published in: European Union Miami Analysis (EUMA), Special Series, , Vol. Vol. 5, (April 2008): pp. 1-12.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8906
2019-09-28T17:54:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8906/
Walrasian Solutions Without Utility Functions
Dominique, C-Rene
A1 - General Economics
A10 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
SUMMARY:
This note reviews consumers’ preference orderings in economics and shows that irrationality is a poor explanation for apparent violations of some axioms of order. Apparent violations seem to be better explained by the fact that consumers’ utility functions, if they exist at all, might not even belong to the class of quasi-concave functions. However, the main task of markets is the determination of equilibrium price vectors. The note shows in addition that, in Walrasian structures, quasi-concave utility functions are unnecessary for the determination of equilibrium price vectors.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8906/1/MPRA_paper_8906.pdf
Dominique, C-Rene (2008): Walrasian Solutions Without Utility Functions.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8943
2019-09-27T13:30:52Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3232
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8943/
Managing a Societies Knowledge base A look at Opportunity Costs
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
A20 - General
O22 - Project Analysis
A10 - General
O21 - Planning Models ; Planning Policy
As explained in the paper namely, “Measuring a Societies Knowledge base”, it is not difficult to measure the knowledge base of a society, though it would be very laborious and time consuming. Knowledge is simply all the laws of existence a society knows plus all the products that a society creates. Each law that a society knows was given the symbol of point X and each product that a society made was given the symbol point U. Point U being a derivative of the laws of existence that we know. Every product in existence represents a point U, and every product is a derivation of what we understand about the laws of existence. We make spoons out of steel, wood, or plastic rather than cotton, paper, or mercury because of the properties that human beings understand the different materials. From the most simple point U to the most complex, all are derivatives of laws of existence that humans understand. From a simple point U like a tooth pick made of thorns to the most complex such as a nuclear powered submarine, all are derived from what human beings understand about the materials.
2007-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8943/1/MPRA_paper_8943.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2007): Managing a Societies Knowledge base A look at Opportunity Costs.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8944
2019-09-28T02:02:40Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8944/
Short and long Term behavior of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
E0 - General
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O30 - General
A20 - General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
D80 - General
A10 - General
This paper explores the behaviour of knowledge in the short and long term. Knowledge behaves very different in the short term than in the long term. Once we can measure knowledge it is then possible to look at its behaviour, an impossibility if there where no theory formulated to measure knowledge. Once we can measure, humans can attempt to put knowledge in formulae that make sense. This paper is a follow up to the previous papers, written by the same author. These papers being “The Fundamental theory of Knowledge”, “Point X and the Economics of Knowledge”, and “Measuring a societies Knowledge Base”. The paper is a consistent follow up from the basic theories of knowledge that where developed in those papers, keeping knowledge simply in the scientific realm, as any science should attempt, if economics is a science then its aim is truly to measure economic phenomenon, otherwise economics remains in the realm of art and philosophy where anything goes. Measuring means we can manage. Knowing the long and short term behaviour of knowledge means that societies will be better placed to manage knowledge. The short term though is much easier to manage than the long term, but then again this is a known fact take care of the pennies and the pounds will look after themselves, meaning take care of the small things and the big things will be easier to look after. This paper allows us to understand knowledge in a deeper way than before.
2008-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8944/1/MPRA_paper_8944.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2008): Short and long Term behavior of Knowledge. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9035
2019-09-27T00:08:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9035/
Freie Berufe- Herausforderungen an die Wissenschaft
Deneke, Volrad
A10 - General
H00 - General
J20 - General
J23 - Labor Demand
What are "liberal professions"? Their essence, their importance for the person as an individual
and as a social act?
Who or what do libereal professions challenge if they ask for requirements for the "science"?
The questions formulate the confrontation of the self-image of liberal professions and scientists.
The demand for individual liberty in social responsibility is owned to be a liberal professional
as well as a scientist.
The dynamic variety in the perception of occupational pictures of liberal professions lives in
confrontation to the system of the science panorama. Hence, science about the essence and
meaning/importance of liberal professions must be always lived encompassing faculty overlapping
research, teaching and praxis.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9035/1/MPRA_paper_9035.pdf
Deneke, Volrad (2007): Freie Berufe- Herausforderungen an die Wissenschaft.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9233
2019-09-26T09:28:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9233/
Drivers of economic growth in Gujarat
Menon, Sudha Venu
A10 - General
The article examines growth experience in various sectors of the state and analyzes the medium and long term growth potential of the economy. Sector-wise performance of Gujarat economy is analyzed with a focus on key engines of growth and the effective role of these growth engines in macro economic acceleration of Gujarat Economy. During the nineties, Gujarat improved its economic performance remarkably in almost all secondary and tertiary sectors. While Gujarat has very strong performance in the manufacturing, electricity, construction, transport & communication, and services sector, its major weaknesses is in the primary sector. The article attempts to identify principal drivers of the economy in the state and their contribution to economic growth. The sectors are- Energy, Oil & Gas, Agro &food processing, Textiles, Diamonds, Petrochemicals, SEZ etc. Concluding section highlights policy recommendations for sustained economic growth including land reform, investment in education and infrastructure, ports, more FDI, transparency and efficiency in administration, attaining social cohesion, macro economic management etc
2008-01-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9233/2/MPRA_paper_9233.pdf
Menon, Sudha Venu (2008): Drivers of economic growth in Gujarat.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9502
2019-09-27T17:21:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9502/
Energy sector in Gujarat: Performance and prospects
Sudha, venu Menon
A10 - General
With the presence of MNCs and Big corporate players of the country, Gujarat holds a strategic position in the Indian power industry. It has been ranked 2nd in the Power Sector rating Report (2005) of CRISIL-ICRA submitted to the Ministry Of Power, India.
Gujarat has installed capacity of 9288 MW with the projected peak demand of 10605 MW. The expected addition of 536 MW by the end of 2007 will still result into the deficit of almost 2652 MW in the installed capacity by the year end. This depicts the growth prospects in the power sector of the state. The article gives an overview of the major public and private players in energy sector, performance and prospects of energy sector including oil& natural gas and renewable energy sources. The projections of the per capita energy consumption suggest a tremendous growth, which will be nearly impossible to deal with the current power generation capacity. The massive expansion is needed to cater the growing power needs in order to sustain a growth in not only secondary but also in the primary and tertiary sectors of the economy. The article also highlights the achievements of Jyotigram Yojana, the flagship programme of Gujarat Government to provide uninterrupted supply of electricity to rural areas
2008-02-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9502/1/MPRA_paper_9502.pdf
Sudha, venu Menon (2008): Energy sector in Gujarat: Performance and prospects.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9506
2019-09-27T17:26:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9506/
Una rassegna su alcuni modelli di crescita economica tipo Solow con dinamica caotica
Palmisani, Cesare
A1 - General Economics
A10 - General
In this paper we review some Solow-type growth models, framed is
discrete time, which are able to generate complex dynamic behaviour.
For these models put forward by Day (1982, 1983); Böhm and Kaas
(2000); and Commendatore (2005) we show that crucial features which
could determine the emergence of regular or irregular growth cycles
are (i) if the average saving ratio is constant or not; and (ii) the
curvature of production function, representing the degree of
substitutability between labour and capital. The lower the degree of
substitutability, the higher the likelihood of complex behaviour.
2008-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9506/1/MPRA_paper_9506.pdf
Palmisani, Cesare (2008): Una rassegna su alcuni modelli di crescita economica tipo Solow con dinamica caotica.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9556
2019-09-27T05:08:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4535
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9556/
The US dollar and the Euro: The Deus Ex-Machina
Lorca-Susino, Maria
E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
A10 - General
Until the 19th and mid-20th centuries, economic theory explained that the economic status of a country was represented by the strength of its currency.2 This strength is measured by the exchange rate of one currency vis-á-vis another currency, a “zero-sum” game in which one currency gains what the other loses. In fact, during the 19th century, the strength of the Pound Sterling facilitated Britain’s global hegemonic political and economic power known as the Pax Britanica. During the 20th century, the strength of the US dollar represented both the economic and political hegemony of the US around the world known as the Pax Americana. Nowadays, the weakness of the US dollar is making specialists wonder if we are witnessing the end of Pax Americana and the beginning of something else, possibly a Pax Europea, led by the strength of the euro.
This is the argument surrounding the current behaviour of the US$-€ exchange rate and its effect on the economic performance of these two economic blocs. While the current exchange rate between the US dollar and the euro has been considered a blessing for the US, it has become a matter of concern for most Eurozone countries. In fact, we are witnessing an unprecedented scenario where the country with a weak currency is actually pleased and the group of countries with a strong currency is worried. The strength of the euro is becoming irritating for the Eurozone and, nevertheless, the weakness of the US dollar is also pushing it to the brink of losing its status as a global currency.
This exchange rate debate is accompanied by another debate concerning how the latest monetary policy actions taken by the US and Eurozone monetary authorities3, aimed at solving current economic imbalances, are affecting the US$-€ exchange rate. Scholars, economists, and politicians argue that these monetary policies seem unable to solve today’s economic problems in the EU as well as in the Eurozone, but are having a tremendous impact on the US$-€ exchange rate.
This paper will explain in layman’s terms the relationship (or lack thereof) between two of today’s most important economic issues: the US dollar and euro exchange rate, and the monetary policy behind it.
2008-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9556/1/MPRA_paper_9556.pdf
Lorca-Susino, Maria (2008): The US dollar and the Euro: The Deus Ex-Machina. Published in: European Union Miami Analysis (EUMA) , Vol. 9, No. 5 (April 2008): pp. 1-13.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9963
2019-09-30T03:56:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9963/
Farm Development and Rural Poverty Comparison among Villages in Kulon Progo Regency of Yogyakarta Special Province of Indonesia
Nasution, Zamal
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
Q01 - Sustainable Development
A10 - General
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
Poverty has always been a concern in Indonesia. More than half of Indonesia's 235 million people are poor. The district of Kulon Progo is the second lowest district in Yogyakarta province both in economic growth and welfare level, so less developed among four others district. This research’s aim is to address factors influence the farm development in poverty alleviation and rural development in Kulon Progo Regency of Yogyakarta Special Province of Indonesia. Statistical data were retrieved from Indonesia’s Central Board of Statistic in range of 2003 through 2006. Primary data comprised of farm development by the government, rural poverty in each village, farmer experience in poverty allevation were derived by conducting direct audience with the government officials, head of villages, field farm officials, farmer group units, and field observation. Using purposive random sampling, this research divides Kulon Progo Regency into north zone, middle zone, and south zone; according to the lowest and highest poverty level of each village. Regression model is developed with classical normal linier regression model to reveal each variable share on rural poverty. Simultaneously, this linear regression model explains 70% of rural poverty caused by all variables. Numbers of farmer positively affects numbers of poor rural inhabitants, where the 1% increasing of numbers of farmer will raise 0.922% numbers of poor rural inhabitants. Irrigated land has a negative impact to rural poverty, where the increasing level of 1% irrigated land will eradicate 0.101% numbers of poor rural inhabitants. Numbers of household member is not significant to influence poor rural inhabitants. In contrary of common belief, the significant role of land ownership has a positive impact to influence rural poverty, where the 1% increasing size of land ownership will raise 0.177% poor rural inhabitants. Regression model results land ownership positively affects rural poverty. Taking interview with some key persons in the six villages compared to statistical data explains that poverty rate is affected by dry land productivity rather than wet land productivity. Based on geographic information system analysis, there are some run-off of water bodies in the north zone. These potential flows should be able to support farm development in the dry land.
2008-06-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9963/1/MPRA_paper_9963.pdf
Nasution, Zamal (2008): Farm Development and Rural Poverty Comparison among Villages in Kulon Progo Regency of Yogyakarta Special Province of Indonesia.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10245
2019-09-29T20:26:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
7375626A656374733D49:4930:493030
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483830
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443530
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423330
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D41:4133:413330
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493339
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483430
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3130
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10245/
Social Quality and Precarity: Approaching New Patterns of Societal (Dis)Integration
Herrmann, Peter
van der Maesen, Laurent J.G.
I30 - General
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
D90 - General
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
H70 - General
J40 - General
J00 - General
B20 - General
I00 - General
H80 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
D50 - General
I0 - General
D30 - General
L10 - General
B30 - General
H00 - General
B00 - General
A10 - General
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
A30 - General
I39 - Other
H40 - General
B40 - General
J10 - General
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D60 - General
The main issue of this article is to discuss the question of ‘precarity’ in the context of the theory of social quality (see Beck et al, 2001), with which to pave the way for developing further the theoretical foundation of precarity. Societal practice is the main challenge this concept tries to address. However, the danger is to introduce a new term, yet maintaining a discussion on traditional problems as poverty, marginalisation and exclusion. Our thesis is that these problems, far from being sufficiently tackled, are currently going along with and being adjunct to another challenge, namely precarity. Although the ‘old problems’ are not problems of individuals and expression of their ‘personal failure’, precarity – seen in the context of the theory of social quality – means a new stage of socialisation of the problems by further individualisation of the victims. In principle, we can say that this understanding of precarity is an expression of a further erosion of society, characterising especially periods of transformation of economic systems.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10245/1/MPRA_paper_10245.pdf
Herrmann, Peter and van der Maesen, Laurent J.G. (2008): Social Quality and Precarity: Approaching New Patterns of Societal (Dis)Integration.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10246
2019-09-26T22:40:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3330
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503430
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3230
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10246/
Social Economy and Social Economics –The Situation in the Republic of Ireland
Herrmann, Peter
L30 - General
P40 - General
L20 - General
D20 - General
A10 - General
H00 - General
J20 - General
J40 - General
J00 - General
D60 - General
E20 - General
The Paper gives a brief overview over the social economy in Ireland, presenting this against the background of the countries history and social structure
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10246/1/MPRA_paper_10246.pdf
Herrmann, Peter (2008): Social Economy and Social Economics –The Situation in the Republic of Ireland.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10306
2020-09-23T18:33:11Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10792
2019-09-27T11:09:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3133
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10792/
THE WOMEN EMPLOYMENT IN ERITREA – REFLECTIONS FROM PRE AND POST-INDEPENDENCE PERIOD
Rena, Ravinder
J13 - Fertility ; Family Planning ; Child Care ; Children ; Youth
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J12 - Marriage ; Marital Dissolution ; Family Structure ; Domestic Abuse
A10 - General
J16 - Economics of Gender ; Non-labor Discrimination
The role of Eritrean women in thirty years war of independence brought major changes and reflects in the present demography and economy of Eritrea in the development arena. Their participation in the economy contributes to local production and income by filling the gaps left by men who died in the war or who have left the country and settled in different parts of the world. Despite the growing importance of women for the formal economy, jobs and self-employment opportunities available to women are still clustered in low-productivity and/or low-status industries. To cope with the growing number of female-headed households, Eritrea needs to increase the earning potential of women. This paper indicates that providing women with education at secondary or tertiary level is one way to go. This paper deals with, why Eritrean women are entering into the labour markets: one, family ties and control of women is weakened due to absent men and increasing divorce rates. The second, there is a shortage of male breadwinners. The third, growing education levels increase their earning potential.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10792/1/MPRA_paper_10792.pdf
Rena, Ravinder (2007): THE WOMEN EMPLOYMENT IN ERITREA – REFLECTIONS FROM PRE AND POST-INDEPENDENCE PERIOD. Published in: The Indian Journal of Labour Economics , Vol. 50, No. 2 (June 2007): pp. 357-370.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10807
2019-10-06T10:05:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10807/
Собственность - Графическая Модель
Boyarkin, Dmitriy
B40 - General
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
The whole society is represented as set of interacted owners. All owners - a usual citizen, family, public organization, a business firm or even the state - are represented absolutely identical.
Owners can do various actions with their property - to use or to interact with other owners. Any owner action can be described in easy visual view.
Decisions of some tasks are adduced.
2008-09-28
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10807/1/MPRA_paper_10807.pdf
Boyarkin, Dmitriy (2008): Собственность - Графическая Модель.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10838
2019-09-26T08:42:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513535
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513135
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10838/
Green revolution: Indian agricultural experience – a paradigm for Eritrea
Rena, Ravinder
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
Q55 - Technological Innovation
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation ; Agriculture and Environment
A10 - General
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Food problem became more severe after the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947, presenting a series challenges to India’s agricultural sector. Even during good harvest years, food imports remain high. A large segment of people were poor. To mitigate these problems, India adopted farming strategies under the “Green Revolution” in the mid 1960s. The application of modern farming technology, introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds, increased use of fertilizers, development and expansion of irrigation systems, extension of credit and educational services to farmers. These activities resulted in a drastic increase of farm products leading India to achieve self-sufficiency in food within a short period of time. The “Green Revolution” has contributed to Indian agriculture tremendously and transformed India from a starving nation to a food exporter. The activities that comprise the “Green Revolution” are worth emulating in the Eritrean environment. This paper explores the impact of the “Green Revolution” on Indian agricultural production with the aim of drawing lessons for Eritrea to modernize its agriculture and subsequently solve its food insecurity problem. The Indian experience serves as a model for Eritrea to achieve self-sufficiency in food.
2003-02-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10838/2/MPRA_paper_10838.pdf
Rena, Ravinder (2003): Green revolution: Indian agricultural experience – a paradigm for Eritrea. Published in: Eritrean Studies Review , Vol. 4, No. 1 (5 June 2004): pp. 103-130.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11052
2019-09-26T08:12:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D49:4930:493030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11052/
Natural hazards and disaster management in Pakistan
Khan, Himayatullah
Khan, Abuturab
I30 - General
I00 - General
A10 - General
The present study explains the various concepts used in disaster management. The concepts explained include: Disaster, Hazard, Vulnerability, Capacity, Risk and Disaster Management Cycle. In addition to the terminologies, the study also seeks to explain various types of disasters. It also gives a detail of various disasters occurred in Pakistan as well their management and mitigation strategies. The paper also discusses disaster management policy at national level as well as disaster management and national plans in Pakistan.
2008-10-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11052/1/MPRA_paper_11052.pdf
Khan, Himayatullah and Khan, Abuturab (2008): Natural hazards and disaster management in Pakistan.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11533
2019-09-27T08:38:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453632
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453236
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483231
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483837
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473238
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483236
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11533/
Starting Over: The Automated Payment Transaction Tax
Feige, Edgar L.
E62 - Fiscal Policy
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
E26 - Informal Economy ; Underground Economy
A10 - General
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
H21 - Efficiency ; Optimal Taxation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H87 - International Fiscal Issues ; International Public Goods
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
H26 - Tax Evasion and Avoidance
This paper proposes a 21st century global fiscal architecture to replace the present system of personal and corporate income, sales, excise, capital gains, import and export duties, gift and estate taxes with a single comprehensive revenue neutral Automated Payment Transaction (APT) tax. In its simplest form, the APT tax consists of a flat tax levied on all transactions. The tax is automatically assessed and collected when transactions are settled through the electronic technology of the banking/ payments system. The APT tax introduces progressivity through the tax base rather than via the rate structure. Since roughly 85% of all transactions involve the exchange of financial instruments, it is the wealthy who carry out a disproportionate share of total transactions and therefore bear a disproportionate burden of the tax despite its flat rate structure. The automated recording of all APT tax payments by firms and individuals creates a degree of transparency and perceived fairness that induces greater tax compliance. Also, the tax has lower administrative and compliance cost. Like all taxes, the APT tax creates new distortions whose costs must be weighted against the benefits obtained by replacing the current tax system.
2001-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11533/1/MPRA_paper_11533.pdf
Feige, Edgar L. (2001): Starting Over: The Automated Payment Transaction Tax. Published in: The Milken Institute Review , Vol. 3, No. 1 : pp. 42-53.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11684
2019-09-28T15:03:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483830
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11684/
Some Propositions on Intergenerational Risk Sharing, Social Security and Self-Insurance
Aoki, Takaaki
H80 - General
H00 - General
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
A10 - General
D80 - General
This article describes, within a myopic intergenerational bargaining framework incorporating two discrete periods and binary states of risks, some new aspects regarding the mixture of intergenerational risk sharing and social security. Here, state-dependent utility under mortality risk proves to generate parents’ peculiar indifference curve regarding insurance contract, and self-insurance is shown to play a crucial role on the decision regarding social security holding and intergenerational transfer contract. This peculiar aspect, given for the first time in this article, also derives some novel features of insurance theory under lifetime uncertainty, where the current position in social security contract could adversely affect parents’ decision regarding intergenerational risk sharing with children. In addition, other basic results regarding the sensitivity to default risk and taxation in social security are summarized.
2006-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11684/1/MPRA_paper_11684.pdf
Aoki, Takaaki (2006): Some Propositions on Intergenerational Risk Sharing, Social Security and Self-Insurance.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11813
2019-09-26T08:44:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483737
7375626A656374733D48:4830
7375626A656374733D48:4837
7375626A656374733D48:4835
7375626A656374733D48:4832
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11813/
Fiscal Decentralization in Kenya: The Constituency Development Fund and the Growth of Government
Bagaka, Obuya
H77 - Intergovernmental Relations ; Federalism ; Secession
H0 - General
H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
A10 - General
This paper explores the financial implications of fiscal decentralization policies on the central government's operating budget in Kenya. The paper evaluates how devolved funds under the constituency development fund (CDF) have been utilized to start healthcare capital projects (clinics) at the local level. The study finds that fiscal decentralization has promoted allocative efficiency and equity but at a cost of exporting tax burdens (operations and maintenance) to the central government emanating from capital projects implemented at the local level. The exported tax burdens have policy implications and call for reforms of the CDF program to reflect a benefit-expenditure structure.
2008-10-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11813/1/MPRA_paper_11813.pdf
Bagaka, Obuya (2008): Fiscal Decentralization in Kenya: The Constituency Development Fund and the Growth of Government. Published in: Proceedings of 20th Annual Conference of the Association for Budgeting and Financial Management October 23-25, 2008 – Chicago (November 2008)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12155
2019-09-26T08:52:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D44:4438
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12155/
The role of e-government in the rise of administrative efficiency
Vatuiu, Teodora
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
A10 - General
The aim of e-Government - one of the key objectives laid out in the Commission's i2010 Action plan - is to bring administrations closer to citizens and businesses by providing online public services e-Government refers to the provision of online public services to citizens and businesses. Services for citizens include registration to government services such as health care, education or employment benefits. For businesses, e-Government services can take the form of online alerts for public procurements or funding opportunities as well as information and support on applicable legislation in a given sector.
2008-10-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12155/1/MPRA_paper_12155.pdf
Vatuiu, Teodora (2008): The role of e-government in the rise of administrative efficiency. Published in: Universitaria Simpro 2008 Petrosani , Vol. 1, (16 October 2008): pp. 132-137.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12169
2019-09-29T04:37:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12169/
Future Economic Strategy of the Czech Republic as an EU Member State
Tošenovský, Filip
A10 - General
The article discusses the economic and political position of the Czech republic as an EU member state and comments on its potential future problems related to a greater expansion of the EU.
2008-12-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12169/1/MPRA_paper_12169.pdf
Tošenovský, Filip (2008): Future Economic Strategy of the Czech Republic as an EU Member State. Published in: Sborník mezinárodní vědecké konference Slezské univerzity
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12402
2019-10-26T17:22:37Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12434
2019-09-30T17:02:03Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D50:5032
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423232
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D51:5134
7375626A656374733D45:4532
7375626A656374733D46:4633
7375626A656374733D45:4535
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463431
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12434/
Russian economic report No. 17 (November 2008), The World Bank
Zeljko, Bogetic
Karlis, Smits
Sergey, Ulatov
Olga, Emelyanova
Marco, Hernandez
P2 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies
B22 - Macroeconomics
A10 - General
Q4 - Energy
E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy
F3 - International Finance
E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
F41 - Open Economy Macroeconomics
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
After a decade of high growth, the Russian econoomy is experiencing a slowdown in the wake of the global financial crisis. While Russia's strong short-term macroeconomic fundamentals make it better than many emerging economies to deal with the crisis, its underlying structural weaknesses and high dependence on the price of a single commodity make its impact more pronounced than otherwise. But the crisis also presents an opportunity to address the medium- to longer term challenges of competitiveness, economic diversification, and financial sector modernization which are necessary to boost growth and living standards.
2008-11-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12434/1/MPRA_paper_12434.pdf
Zeljko, Bogetic and Karlis, Smits and Sergey, Ulatov and Olga, Emelyanova and Marco, Hernandez (2008): Russian economic report No. 17 (November 2008), The World Bank. Published in: Russian Economic Report , Vol. World, No. No. 17 (18 November 2008)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12632
2019-09-26T17:14:15Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443533
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443639
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12632/
Value Preservation through Risk Management - A Shariah Compliant Proposal for Equity Risk Management
Bacha, Obiyathulla I.
D53 - Financial Markets
D69 - Other
A10 - General
This paper makes a case for the preservation of Muslim Wealth through risk management. It provides an exposition of risk management techniques used in conventional finance and outlines the limitations faced by Muslim fund managers and businesses. This limitation arises from the proscription of key risk-management tools, in particular financial derivatives. Though the reasons for the prohibition are diverse, the overriding concern appears to be that they encourage speculative behaviour. As such the emphasis of Islamic risk management has been on, On Balance Sheet methods. The problem with On Balance Sheet methods is that they require the restructuring of business transactions which can render businesses less competitive and subject to residual risk. The paper proposes a portfolio insurance scheme that uses the logic and mechanics of conventional Index Put Options but in a Shariah compliant manner. The proposal is intended to strike a balance between the need to avoid speculation and the genuine need for hedging equity risks.
2004
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12632/1/MPRA_paper_12632.pdf
Bacha, Obiyathulla I. (2004): Value Preservation through Risk Management - A Shariah Compliant Proposal for Equity Risk Management. Published in: The European Journal Of Management And Public Policy , Vol. 3, No. 1 (2004): pp. 65-83.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12670
2019-09-28T04:46:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D44:4436
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423439
7375626A656374733D49:4930:493030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12670/
Menschenrechte, Soziale Grundrechte, Sozialrecht – Versuch einer Näherung
Herrmann, Peter
B0 - General
D6 - Welfare Economics
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
B49 - Other
I00 - General
A10 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
The essay proposes in a brief sketch a methodology that allows assessing human rights beyond absolutism of abstract rights and relativist views which usually end in meaningless of the concept.
2009-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12670/1/MPRA_paper_12670.pdf
Herrmann, Peter (2009): Menschenrechte, Soziale Grundrechte, Sozialrecht – Versuch einer Näherung.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12780
2019-09-30T16:51:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12780/
Intellectual Products, Result of Economic Development
Stegaroiu, Carina-Elena
A10 - General
Intellectual products, having the most diverse destinations in different time periods have some premises that have contributed to the intellectual product of necessity, need, application of ideas, level of socio-economic development, levels of exposure and transmission of information time and space
2008-11-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12780/1/MPRA_paper_12780.pdf
Stegaroiu, Carina-Elena (2008): Intellectual Products, Result of Economic Development.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12911
2019-10-17T12:50:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433631
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12911/
Mathematic Modelling of the Transaction in the Bugetary Activity
Stegaroiu, Carina-Elena
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis
A10 - General
The submitted paper is intended to revolutionize the handling methods of credit sheets and the means of collecting budgetary incomes, on one hand, and to allow operators to verify in real time the happening and recording of an economical phenomenon in the area of credit ordination through the help of inserting rare matrix in the mathematical designs of complex, physical systems of large measurements, that necessitate as an efficient solution the use of rare matrix calculus. The suggested facilities are based on the “The model of administration in public activity ”, where one can notice that the analysis of complex systems like: technological installations, economical or industrial systems, leads to systems of algebraic linear equations with thousands of equations that the current operating systems cannot handle in terms of memory status and duration.
2008-11-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12911/1/MPRA_paper_12911.pdf
Stegaroiu, Carina-Elena (2008): Mathematic Modelling of the Transaction in the Bugetary Activity.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12921
2019-09-28T15:37:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12921/
ISO 14000 - Condition of Competition Romanian Firm on Foreign Market
Enea, Constanta
E00 - General
A10 - General
Every organization determined to embrace ISO 14000 should have a supporting policy manual, procedures, data collection forms, etc. ISO 14000 is actually a series of international standards on environmental management. It provides a framework for the development of both the system and the supporting audit program.
2008-11-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12921/1/MPRA_paper_12921.pdf
Enea, Constanta (2008): ISO 14000 - Condition of Competition Romanian Firm on Foreign Market.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13090
2019-09-26T11:23:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13090/
An Overview of Needs Theories behind Consumerism
Ward, David
Lasen, Marta
M30 - General
M20 - General
A10 - General
Wynn and Coolidge [2004] have hypothesized that one of the key reasons why the Homo Sapiens progressed to being modern man while the Neanderthal man didn’t, is that the former developed through innovation (from artefacts to advanced hunting methods) while the latter has left no trace of such evolution. Almost as if the Neanderthal man did not see the need to progress and accepted circumstances as fact. If this is true then the Homo Sapiens have not only developed psychological and objective needs but have progressively updated them as well. Maslow put it beautifully by saying “You will either step forward into growth, or you will step backward into safety”.
This paper is the first part of a two part series. Here we provide an overview of needs theories and discuss them in the context of consumerism, consumption and opportunities for enterprises. In part two, needs and opportunities are linked to markets, benefits and strategies through a specific 3D model based on Maslow’s pyramid. To pave the way for this approach we also promote a model (PIE-Persons, Institutions and Enterprises) with the intent to help enterprises view consumers, institutions and their organisation as one interweaved entity.
Needs theories are known to be crucial behind much of the understanding of human behaviour and in particular in the workplace and by the consumer. This paper examines the development of hierarchical needs theory from Maslow to Gough with the intent to better identify consumer needs, provide examples of current and past business opportunities and macroscopically show the progression from red to blue ocean strategies .
The authors provide an overview of needs theories seeded through motivational theory also with the aim to uncover the differences in having (sometimes known as deficit needs) and being needs (sometimes known as growth needs) and then subsequently link them to enterprise strategies, improved consumer understanding and better market exploitation.
2009-01-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13090/1/MPRA_paper_13090.pdf
Ward, David and Lasen, Marta (2009): An Overview of Needs Theories behind Consumerism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13115
2019-09-26T08:14:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453633
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13115/
The Superlative Recession and economic policies
Tatom, John
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
E52 - Monetary Policy
E63 - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Stabilization ; Treasury Policy
A10 - General
In late 2008 and early 2009, there has been a serious deterioration in the economic outlook of political leaders, the media and many economic analysts. Comparisons of recent performance and the outlook have degenerated into comparisons with the Great Depression of the 1930s, suggesting that the current recession is the worst since the 1930s. This recession should be called the superlative recession because discussions invariably refer to the most dismal performance since the Great Depression. These superlative comparisons are far off base. But more importantly, the superlatives seem to have succeeded in reversing 70 years of history on economic policy and economic thought. With the benefit of time, depression era policies had been seen as complete failures that extended and worsened the depression.
A long delayed monetary policy easing has offered new possibilities for an end to the deepening recession, but its continuation remains in doubt because it is the result of a shift in policy procedures more than of a shift in policy. More troublesome is that massive fiscal policy programs have become central to the policy debate, despite three large failed fiscal responses over the past year and a strong consensus in the policy community that such efforts are not likely to be effective. A change of leadership has focused efforts on increasing federal spending in ways and to an extent not seen in many years, comparable with the fall 2008 explosion in money growth and putting fiscal policy in the same superlative response category as the recession itself.
2009-01-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13115/1/MPRA_paper_13115.pdf
Tatom, John (2009): The Superlative Recession and economic policies. Published in: Research Buzz , Vol. 5, No. 1 (January 2009): pp. 1-8.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13419
2019-09-28T01:21:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483530
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483330
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433730
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483735
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13419/
Devolution as a means to adequate social safety nets?
Van Mechelen, Natascha
De Maesschalck, Veerle
H50 - General
H30 - General
C70 - General
A10 - General
H70 - General
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
H75 - State and Local Government: Health ; Education ; Welfare ; Public Pensions
D60 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
Decentralisation is invariably among the recommendations that international organisations such as the World Bank make for an enhancement of social provisions, and particularly a better targeting of social assistance regimes, in Eastern and Central Europe. However, theoretical literature as wel as empirical research suggests that decentralisation is not by defintion a panacea, especially when it concerns the transfers of competencies in the matter of social protection systems. It is true that there are arguments to promote redistributive activity at lower levels of government but whith regard to policies aimed at redistribution and reducing poverty (and welfare generosity) the assumption that redistribution is best organised at the central level is rather dominant. Fundamental constraints on redistribution by lower level governments would -according to this line of reasoning- facilitate a 'race to the bottom'. This paper investigates the relationship between the generosity of social assistance benefits and several dimensions of decentralisation (the administration, decision-making and funding of social assistance schemes) at two levels of government (the substate and the local level) in 21 OECD countries by means of a fuzzy set analysis. The results indicate that social asssitance benefits are more adequate in countries where the decision-making, funding and administration of social assistance schemes is controlled by the central government and in countries where central or substate governments set the basic social assistance rates and housing benefits while sharing funding liabilities with the local government level. When Central and Eastern European countries opt for decentralisation as an instrument of poverty alleviation – through a better targeting of benefits -, prudence is called for the fact that there might be a trade-off between the transfer of competencies to lowel levels of government and the generosity of welfare programmes.
2007-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13419/1/MPRA_paper_13419.pdf
Van Mechelen, Natascha and De Maesschalck, Veerle (2007): Devolution as a means to adequate social safety nets?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13625
2019-09-28T04:04:32Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483737
7375626A656374733D48:4837
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13625/
Federalism and Public Choice
Hills, Roderick
H77 - Intergovernmental Relations ; Federalism ; Secession
H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A10 - General
This paper is a draft chapter for an edited collection on Law and Public Choice being published by Edward Elgar and edited by Dan Farber and Anne Joseph O’Connell. The chapter provides an overview of public choice literature regarding three aspects of federalism - exit-based normative justifications for federal regimes, voice-based normative justifications for federal regimes, and positive theories for how federal regimes are sustained through the political process. In general, I suggest that the most promising trend in public choice theory is the effort of economists, political scientists, and lawyers to tackle the thorny question of “voice” in federal regimes - that is, how subnational politics differs in federal regimes from the politics of unitary states. Moreover, the case for federalism based on exit critically depends on the argument for federalism based on improvement of ”voice.” Otherwise, migration from one city or state to another to escape predatory regimes would simply be pointless movement out of a ”Leviathan” frying pan into a ”Leviathan” fire. Public choice theorists seem to have an inveterate suspicion of claims that subnational government facilitates political participation, perhaps because the entire tradition of public choice is based on the theoretical impossibility that collective action can accurately represent individuals’ preferences and values. Yet nothing in the conventional account of how decentralization improves political ”voice” is inconsistent with the abstract principles of public choice theory.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13625/1/MPRA_paper_13625.pdf
Hills, Roderick (2009): Federalism and Public Choice. Forthcoming in: Law and Public Choice (2009)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14337
2019-09-26T08:21:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483737
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14337/
Emerging Dimensions of Decentralization Debate in the Age of Globalization
Sharma, Chanchal Kumar
H70 - General
H77 - Intergovernmental Relations ; Federalism ; Secession
A10 - General
The subnational political units, in the age of globalisation are emerging as the principal actors in the global economy. With this the location or site of governance is changing. Thus the need is to situate the debate on decentralization in context of globalization. It has been argued that ‘how decentralization is designed’ depends on ‘why decentralization is being carried out’.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14337/1/MPRA_paper_14337.pdf
Sharma, Chanchal Kumar (2008): Emerging Dimensions of Decentralization Debate in the Age of Globalization. Published in: Indian Journal of Federal Studies , Vol. 1, No. 2009 (March 2009): pp. 47-65.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14404
2019-10-06T02:09:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14404/
Fundamentarea deciziei, obiectiv primordial în realizarea unei economii moderne
Achim, Marian Lucian
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
A10 - General
The permanent adaptation of the organization to the changes from the intern and extern environment is done through the managerial activity which essentially represents an ensemble of interdependent decisions. The functionality and viability of the organizations cannot be conceived outside an adequate process of decision. Nowadays there is a tendency of increasing the risks because of the intense amplification, diversification, dinamization and innovation of the ensemble of activities and factors which influence the organization and its environment. To counteract this tendency the management of risks developed. This has in view the reduction of risks correlated with the realization of the objectives of the firm that means changes in the perspective and the structure of decisions. This means that a thoroughly evaluation of reality and intense anticipatory efforts are necessary providing this way vast and precise information that allow, using adequate instruments, the endorsement of efficient decisions. The world that we live in, seen as an ensemble is a closed world which is in a permanent change and at a closer look we can a certain that it is also very different from the point of view of regions, civilized countries, historic periods etc. knowledge represents the solution for the future existence of this world and for approaching from all aspects of the segments that is made of. Knowledge is the chance that appears now and must not be wasted to rediscover later, after the negative effects of this lack of intuition will have been finished.
2007-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14404/1/MPRA_paper_14404.pdf
Achim, Marian Lucian (2007): Fundamentarea deciziei, obiectiv primordial în realizarea unei economii moderne. Published in: Education and creativity for a knoledge society, "Titu Maiorescu" University , Vol. Educat, No. ISBN: 978-973-569-964-2 (November 2007)
ro
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14470
2019-09-30T07:47:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14470/
How to Increase the Long Run Growth Rate of Bangladesh?
Rao, B. Bhaskara
Hassan, Gazi
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O30 - General
A10 - General
This paper develops a framework to analyse the determinants of the long term growth rate of Bangladesh. It is based on the Solow (1956) growth model and its extension by Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992) and follows Senhadji’s (2000) growth accounting procedure to estimate total factor productivity (TFP). Our growth accounting exercise showed that growth rate in Bangladesh, until 1990, was due to factor accumulation. Since then, however, TFP made a small positive contribution to growth. An analysis of the determinants of TFP showed that remittances by emigrant workers have negative effects which seem to be due to the loss of skilled labour force. Using these results policy options, to double per capita income of Bangladesh in about 15 years, are discussed.
2009-04-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14470/1/MPRA_paper_14470.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara and Hassan, Gazi (2009): How to Increase the Long Run Growth Rate of Bangladesh?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14640
2019-09-28T23:59:52Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433530
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14640/
Determinants of Food Acceptance and Micro-Nutrient Deficiency in Preschoolers: A Case Study of Households from Karachi, Pakistan
Subzwari, Zammurud
Hasnain, Abid
Ali, Muhammad
C50 - General
A10 - General
I10 - General
This study attempts to find out the determinants of food acceptance and micro-nutrient deficiency in preschool children from Karachi, Pakistan. Primary data was collected through survey from 400 households by interviewing and filling up the questionnaire. Index for food acceptance and micro-nutrient deficiency were constructed with the help of related questions from the questionnaire. Econometric models
were developed and Logit techniques was employed to estimate probability of end indicator. Our results
show that increase Micro-Nutrient Deficiency (MND) may cause lower level of Food Acceptance and vice versa. On the other hand, modeling food acceptance may indicate higher level of MND among preschoolers reduce the acceptance level of appropriate food. Other important variables like Household Income, Mother’s Literacy and Mother’s Maternal Knowledge showed significant effects and appropriate signs of coefficients as per expectations. On the basis of these findings, if government targets the core independent variables that are identified in the analysis, Food Acceptance level can be increased amongst the children and Micro- Nutrient Deficiency could then be reduced. Consequently government intervention, both long term and short term are needed to provide and regulate the food acceptance behavior either at household level or at other
form so that our generation could be healthier and more productive which would lead the economic growth of a country which is abundant in labor.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14640/1/MPRA_paper_14640.pdf
Subzwari, Zammurud and Hasnain, Abid and Ali, Muhammad (2008): Determinants of Food Acceptance and Micro-Nutrient Deficiency in Preschoolers: A Case Study of Households from Karachi, Pakistan. Published in: Pakistan Journal of Nutrition , Vol. 8, No. 4 (2009): pp. 321-326.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14981
2019-09-30T16:59:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433231
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14981/
Choice Between Microfinance System Operating on the Basis of Individual Liability Loan Contract or Through Joint Liability Loan Contract
Kundu, Amit
D10 - General
A10 - General
C21 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models ; Quantile Regressions
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
In this paper we consider that a representative of a not so affluent rural household has three options. He (she) may join in a microfinance system operating on the basis of individual liability credit contract, or on the basis of joint liability loan contract through forming self-help group or may not participate in any type of microfinance system. This paper establishes that wealthier among the not so affluent rural household prefers to join microfinance system operating on the basis of individual liability loan contract, comparatively less wealthy prefers to join microfinance system operating on the basis of joint liability loan contract and ultra poor is less likely to join any type of microfinance system. This paper establishes that a household with high dependency ratio and higher intra-household decision making power of the head of the women of that household also influences the household to join microfinance system and in both the situations the probability of joining microfinance system operating on the basis of joint liability loan contract is slightly higher. It is also established that microfinance system fails to solve the ageing problem in rural areas because aged persons are less prone to join in any type of microfinance system.
2009-05-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14981/3/MPRA_paper_14981.pdf
Kundu, Amit (2009): Choice Between Microfinance System Operating on the Basis of Individual Liability Loan Contract or Through Joint Liability Loan Contract.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15396
2019-09-28T16:07:29Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433434
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433436
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433031
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15396/
Robustness of Bayesian results for Inverse Gaussian distribution under ML-II epsilon-contaminated and Edgeworth Series class of prior distributions
Sinha, Pankaj
Jayaraman, Prabha
C44 - Operations Research ; Statistical Decision Theory
C02 - Mathematical Methods
C46 - Specific Distributions ; Specific Statistics
A10 - General
C01 - Econometrics
C11 - Bayesian Analysis: General
This paper aims to study the sensitivity of Bayes estimate of location parameter of an Inverse Gaussian (IG) distribution to misspecification in the prior distribution. It also studies the effect of misspecification of the prior distribution on two-sided predictive limits for a future observation from IG population. Two prior distributions, a class ML-II ε-contaminated and Edgeworth Series (ESD), are employed for the location parameter of an IG distribution, to investigate the effect of misspecification in the priors. The numerical illustrations suggest that moderate amount of misspecification in prior distributions belonging to the class of ML-II ε-contaminated and ESD does not affect the Bayesian results.
2009-05-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15396/1/MPRA_paper_15396.pdf
Sinha, Pankaj and Jayaraman, Prabha (2009): Robustness of Bayesian results for Inverse Gaussian distribution under ML-II epsilon-contaminated and Edgeworth Series class of prior distributions.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15537
2019-10-02T16:42:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433530
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15537/
Parallel Market Premia and Misalignment of Official Exchange Rates
Onour, Ibrahim
Cameron, Norman
C50 - General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
A10 - General
Due to restrictive foreign exchange policy and active parallel markets for foreign exchange in some developing countries, it is often believed that the real official exchange rate is undervalued (overvaluing in domestic currency). Since an overvalued domestic currency depresses official current account below its equilibrium level, while an undervalued domestic currency may be inflationary, it is important to be able to detect real official rate misalignment as early as possible.This is difficult in economies where parallel markets for foreign currencies are well established, and where it is therefore to observe underlying capital flows.We show that the direction of real official rate misalignment is identfiable without knowing the size of capital flow in the parallel market. We indicate that a change in the parallel market premium is an appropriate indicator of change in real official rate misalignment.
1997-06-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15537/1/MPRA_paper_15537.pdf
Onour, Ibrahim and Cameron, Norman (1997): Parallel Market Premia and Misalignment of Official Exchange Rates. Published in: Journal of Economic Development , Vol. 22, No. 1
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15728
2019-09-30T15:52:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15728/
Structural Change in Meghalaya: Theory and Evidence
Nayak, Purusottam
Mishra, SK
A10 - General
Structural change which is inherent in an evolving economy refers to a long-term widespread transformation of the fundamental relationships among different parts and organic constituents of it, rather than micro scale or short-term change in output and employment. Short-term economic challenges that are managed with fiscal or monetary policies do not form part of the structural change. Structural change rather involves obsolescence of skills, vocations, and permanent changes in spending and production. In structural change, a subsistence economy is transformed into a manufacturing economy, or a regulated mixed economy is liberalized. Structural change is also initiated by policy decisions or through permanent changes in resources, population or the society. A current structural change in the world economy is globalization. The present paper in this regard is an attempt to have a close examination of the evolution of the concept by reviewing some of the important literatures and verify in the context of the state of Meghalaya whether there has been any such structural change. Although the study is severely constrained by availability of relevant data, it has been visualized that changes in population growth rate and its demographic attributes, economic participation and dependency ratios, sectoral distribution of income, infrastructural advancement, etc indicate to the structural change that is taking place in Meghalaya.
2009-06-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15728/1/MPRA_paper_15728.pdf
Nayak, Purusottam and Mishra, SK (2009): Structural Change in Meghalaya: Theory and Evidence.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15989
2019-10-22T11:07:38Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16416
2019-09-26T18:58:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16416/
Modeling Alternatives to Exponential Discounting
Musau, Andrew
A10 - General
One area that is often overlooked by economists and social scientists is discounting. Most economic models of intertemporal choice make use of Samuelson's (1937) DU model which leads to an exponential discount function. Divergences from what economic modelling predicts and empirical findings are on the most part attributed to factors other than the discount function employed. We
review the literature on the DU model and identify its behavioral anomalies. We look into suggested quasi-hyperbolic and hyperbolic models that in part account for these anomalies. We analyze an infinite IPD game and demonstrate that under quasi-hyperbolic discounting, cooperation emerges as an SPE at a higher level of the discount factor. We further demonstrate that the unemployment equilibrium in the Shapiro & Stiglitz (1984) Shirking model is not static under both hyperbolic and quasi-hyperbolic discounting.
2009-06-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16416/1/MPRA_paper_16416.pdf
Musau, Andrew (2009): Modeling Alternatives to Exponential Discounting.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16459
2019-10-04T19:35:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16459/
The Internal Politics of Journal Editing
Barnett, William A.
E0 - General
A20 - General
B00 - General
A10 - General
I have been invited to write an essay for The American Economist on my experiences as founder and editor of the Cambridge University Press journal, Macroeconomic Dynamics. I have decided to focus the essay on my experiences in starting up the journal. Few economists, who have not themselves started up a new journal, are aware of the nature of the process and its sometimes very complicated academic politics.
2009-07-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16459/1/MPRA_paper_16459.pdf
Barnett, William A. (2009): The Internal Politics of Journal Editing.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16489
2019-09-26T22:04:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16489/
Hypotekarna a financna kriza 2008: Priciny, opatrenia, dosledky
Grancay, Martin
A10 - General
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
The 2008 financial crisis has its origins in the US real estate market. By means of purchases of US mortgage-backed securities it spread to the portfolios of financial companies everywhere in the world and it is making its way to the real economy. The measures to be taken include cutting interest rates, government loans to the most affected financial institutions and purchase of troubled assets. As a result of the crisis, we anticipate substantial changes to the mechanisms operating the world financial system, as well as government interventions in market.
2008-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16489/1/MPRA_paper_16489.pdf
Grancay, Martin (2008): Hypotekarna a financna kriza 2008: Priciny, opatrenia, dosledky.
sk
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16988
2019-09-28T02:15:34Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493230
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16988/
"A serious business with plenty to play for: The PC, console and mobile gaming sector"
Heng, Stefan
I20 - General
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
K14 - Criminal Law
A10 - General
Not only the gamescom fair in Cologne and the games convention fair in Leipzig have recently shown that the often ridiculed games industry (PC, console and mobile gaming) has long since matured into a serious economic sector on a par with the film industry.
Since the days of TV games the gaming sector has been one of the fastest-growing areas of the media business.
The process of change within the sector continues apace, driven by technical, societal and economic factors.
This change is focused on the distribution channels, the revenue models, the development processes and the target demographics.
2009-08-28
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16988/1/MPRA_paper_16988.pdf
Heng, Stefan (2009): "A serious business with plenty to play for: The PC, console and mobile gaming sector". Published in: E-conomics No. 72 (28 August 2009): pp. 1-12.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17321
2019-09-27T00:45:39Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463032
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17321/
The Future Economic Consequences of Commoditization
Ryan, John
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
F02 - International Economic Order and Integration
D40 - General
A10 - General
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
Predicting the future is an imprecise science, and something that should always be carried out carefully and the results should be taken with a pinch of salt. That said it is sensible to assume that most of the drivers of commoditization are likely to remain in force for the foreseeable future. Unlike the futurologists who attempt to predict how society and technology will change over the next fifty years, we are only going to look a few years ahead, which is a more sensible time horizon. History is not always a good predictor of the future, but in the case of commoditization we think it is. It is clear that when we look back in time we can see how the process of commoditization has subsumed great tranches of industry, eliminated significant numbers of manual labourers and increased the general efficiency and effectiveness of society. In many respects we could argue that it was important to the advancement of the industrialised economies of the West. In projecting forward from this point, we should expect commoditization to continue to expand its footprint into areas which we currently think are outside of the realms of possibility. After all, no one would have expected the IT industry to have become so commoditized when it first emerged during the 1940s. And in the same way that white collar workers were caught out when they believed they were immune from the initial waves of downsizing and offshoring that affected the manufacturing sector, others at the mid- and high-end of the workforce may also be caught out sometime in the future. And as commoditization continues to advance it will touch on many more peoples’ lives and livelihoods.
2009-09-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17321/1/MPRA_paper_17321.pdf
Ryan, John (2009): The Future Economic Consequences of Commoditization. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17325
2019-09-29T04:58:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17325/
Privatizaciones ¿sinónimo de eficiencia económica?: Reflexiones sobre el caso argentino
Mauricio, Canziani
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
D41 - Perfect Competition
A10 - General
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
During the 1990S Argentina implemented a profound process of transferring to private capital of public enterprises and strategic areas that historically had remained under the ownership and management of the national State. These privatizations has as target the promotion of economic efficiency of the companies subject to privatization and, therefore, the overall economy. However, the privatizations were mostly of public services operating in markets are not competitive enough, therefore the degree of economic efficiency is more conditioned by the own competence and regulating that by the ownership private or public of the company.
2008-09-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17325/1/MPRA_paper_17325.pdf
Mauricio, Canziani (2008): Privatizaciones ¿sinónimo de eficiencia económica?: Reflexiones sobre el caso argentino.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17465
2019-09-28T04:42:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463032
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17465/
The Future Economic Consequences of Commoditization
Ryan, John
Holmes, Andrew
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
F02 - International Economic Order and Integration
D40 - General
A10 - General
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
Predicting the future is an imprecise science, and something that should always be carried out carefully and the results should be taken with a pinch of salt. That said it is sensible to assume that most of the drivers of commoditization are likely to remain in force for the foreseeable future. Unlike the futurologists who attempt to predict how society and technology will change over the next fifty years, we are only going to look a few years ahead, which is a more sensible time horizon. History is not always a good predictor of the future, but in the case of commoditization we think it is. It is clear that when we look back in time we can see how the process of commoditization has subsumed great tranches of industry, eliminated significant numbers of manual labourers and increased the general efficiency and effectiveness of society. In many respects we could argue that it was important to the advancement of the industrialised economies of the West. In projecting forward from this point, we should expect commoditization to continue to expand its footprint into areas which we currently think are outside of the realms of possibility. After all, no one would have expected the IT industry to have become so commoditized when it first emerged during the 1940s. And in the same way that white collar workers were caught out when they believed they were immune from the initial waves of downsizing and offshoring that affected the manufacturing sector, others at the mid- and high-end of the workforce may also be caught out sometime in the future. And as commoditization continues to advance it will touch on many more peoples’ lives and livelihoods.
2009-09-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17465/1/MPRA_paper_17465.pdf
Ryan, John and Holmes, Andrew (2009): The Future Economic Consequences of Commoditization.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17892
2019-09-27T03:47:28Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17892/
CSR: Transparency and the role of intermediate organisations
Dubbink, G.W.
Graafland, J.J.
Liederkerke, L.
A10 - General
Transparency is a crucial condition to implement a CSR policy based on the reputation mechanism. The central question of this contribution is how a transparency policy ought to be organised in order to enhance the CSR behaviour of companies. Governments endorsing CSR as a new means of governance have different strategies to foster CSR transparency. In this paper we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of two conventional policy strategies: the facilitation policy and the command and control strategy. Using three criteria (efficiency, freedom and virtue) we conclude that both strategies are defective. Most attention is paid to the facilitation strategy since governments nowadays mainly use this. In evaluating this strategy we analyse the Dutch case. As an alternative we introduce a third government policy: the development of a self-regulating sub-system. By construing an analogy with the historical development of corporate financial disclosure, we point out that the vital step in the creation of a self-regulating subsys- tem is the creation of strong informational intermediate organisations.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17892/3/MPRA_paper_17892.pdf
Dubbink, G.W. and Graafland, J.J. and Liederkerke, L. (2008): CSR: Transparency and the role of intermediate organisations. Published in: Journal of Business Ethics , Vol. 2, No. 82 (2008): pp. 391-406.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18176
2019-09-28T10:40:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18176/
Education and Economic Growth: Is There a Link?
Daren, Conrad
O10 - General
A10 - General
This paper attempts to reconcile the mismatch between theoretical models and empirical results in addressing the issue of education and economic growth. Development theorists have made numerous attempts to explain the contribution of education to economic growth. Over the years, endogenous growth models have emerged to incorporate human capital and they have been subject to rigorous econometric techniques. However, these models have yielded inconclusive results. This paper begins by looking at the history of the development of endogenous growth theories and the various econometric specifications which were estimated. This paper also concludes by identifying the main themes that have emerged in the academic debate on education’s role in economic growth.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18176/1/MPRA_paper_18176.pdf
Daren, Conrad (2007): Education and Economic Growth: Is There a Link?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18218
2019-09-28T20:04:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453432
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463032
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453430
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463331
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18218/
China and the Reserve Currency Question
Ryan, John
E42 - Monetary Systems ; Standards ; Regimes ; Government and the Monetary System ; Payment Systems
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
F02 - International Economic Order and Integration
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
A10 - General
E40 - General
F31 - Foreign Exchange
E41 - Demand for Money
China’s concern about its U.S. Dollar reserves is being amplified by the low returns of some of China’ investments in the U.S. which leads to a broader concern about how the current reserve system basically entails China lending to the U.S. at very low interest rates. A two-currency reserve system would potentially be even more unstable than the existing one, because of speculation moves in and out of the U.S. Dollar and the Euro depending on their return, increasing volatility. U.S. Policymakers have started to realize that large external deficits, the dominance of the dollar, and the large capital inflows that necessarily accompany deficits and currency dominance are no longer in the U.S. national interest. The U.S. has to consider initiatives put forward over the past year by China and others to begin a serious discussion of reforming the international monetary system.
This chapter will examine four scenarios regarding the global currency regime of the future and the Chinese influence in this most important policy arena. It will focus on the U.S. Dollar decline as the Reserve Currency, on the Euro gaining strength slowly in a turbulent world, on the potential of the Renminbi to become a Reserve Currency, and on the future of the Super-Sovereign Reserve Currency, the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights (SDRs).
Before that it will examine the role of the Renminbi in the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 and its role in the global financial markets at that time and lessons learnt from the crisis. The crisis had significant macro-level effects, including sharp reductions in values of currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices of several Asian countries.
2009-10-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18218/1/MPRA_paper_18218.pdf
Ryan, John (2009): China and the Reserve Currency Question.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18519
2019-09-26T11:56:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18519/
Methodology of process models creation when using the software tool enterprise architect
Máchal, Pavel
A10 - General
J20 - General
A continuous improvement of business processes is a must for any company that wants to stay in the market. Customers requiring better and better products and services force all enterprises to think continuously about improving of their business processes. Such an approach is based on a good understanding and measuring of an existing process and, thus, from the resulting stimuli of its improvement. A software (SW) tool called Enterprise Architect enables, among others, to model individual business processes.
The main objective of business processes modelling is to create a correct specification of these processes and to analyse their properties. The purpose of business processes modelling is to create such an abstraction of a process, which would enable to understand all its activities and all relationships existing between these activities on the one hand and roles represented by capabilities of people and facilities involved in a given process.
The objective of this paper is to create a uniform methodology of business processes modelling when using the SW tool Enterprise Architect.
2009-11-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18519/1/MPRA_paper_18519.pdf
Máchal, Pavel (2009): Methodology of process models creation when using the software tool enterprise architect.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19127
2019-09-29T13:43:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443032
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503531
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19127/
The government economic agenda in a society of unequally rational individuals
Pelikan, Pavel
O10 - General
I0 - General
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
P51 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
A10 - General
What economic roles, if any, should government play? This is still an incompletely analyzed issue that different individuals – depending on their ideologies, rent-seeking opportunities, and analytical abilities – may answer very differently. To advance its analysis, this paper recognizes that human rationality (as empirically testable cognitive abilities) is bounded unequally across individuals, and is therefore a unique scarce resource that markets and government allocate in significantly different ways. The results conflict with ideologies of both socialism and classical liberalism, but agree with two puzzles of recent economic history and with ideological compromises in actual economic policies.
2008-11-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19127/1/MPRA_paper_19127.pdf
Pelikan, Pavel (2008): The government economic agenda in a society of unequally rational individuals.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19141
2019-09-29T01:02:13Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453232
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453231
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433430
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453230
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19141/
Krīzes un 2009. gada nodokļu politikas izmaiņu ietekme uz Latvijas ekonomiku
Skribans, Valerijs
E22 - Investment ; Capital ; Intangible Capital ; Capacity
E21 - Consumption ; Saving ; Wealth
A10 - General
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
C40 - General
E00 - General
E20 - General
C01 - Econometrics
The paper discusses the influence of the global economic crisis on the Latvian economy. Using the system dynamics approach and models produced beforehand, various development scenarios of tax policy, householder crediting, and the job market are analyzed. Produced models allow to obtain effective change data in line with new development tendencies to check various hypotheses.
Model results show that an increase of the rate of the value added tax (VAT) will cause not only the increase of VAT volume but also, by way of feedback, a decline in consumption. The VAT and excise tax volumes planned in the beginning will diminish in case of declining consumption. The VAT rate increase will allow for a short-time increase in income from taxes, but it will not have a protracted effect. A similar situation is with the excise tax. The reduction of the income tax rate diminishes the volume of income tax and, simultaneously, fosters consumption, which in turn causes VAT, excise and income taxes to increase again.
30% cuts of salaries will impede householders to pay their credits and the interest rates without reducing their other expenditures. Nevertheless, such a large salary cut is unreal. Migration of labour force will introduce the average salary slightly below that of the salary minimum in the more developed European states into the Latvian labour market.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19141/1/MPRA_paper_19141.pdf
Skribans, Valerijs (2009): Krīzes un 2009. gada nodokļu politikas izmaiņu ietekme uz Latvijas ekonomiku. Published in: LU raksti No. 743. sējums (2009): pp. 189-200.
lv
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19272
2019-09-27T16:25:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19272/
Challenges of Climate Change and Bioenergy
Jahangir, Daniyal
A10 - General
Atmospheric concentration of the Green House Gases, Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Nitrous Oxide has increased largely since Industrial Revolution. Continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in global climate system. Climate changes will lead to more intense and longer droughts, water scarcity and many other problems then have been observed. For these reasons concept of development of bioenergy came into existance for climate change mitigation, energy security and agricultural and rural development. But can biofuels really deliver? There is also a negative facet of the story. There are several challenges posed by the increased usage of bioenergy. This paper will cover in detail the challenges posed by Climate Change and Bioenergy to our planet.
2008-10-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19272/1/MPRA_paper_19272.pdf
Jahangir, Daniyal (2008): Challenges of Climate Change and Bioenergy. Published in: Dawn Sunday Magazine (26 October 2008): pp. 3-4.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19441
2019-09-28T14:17:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19441/
Le Capital Social: Entre Evidences Théoriques et Balbutiemments Empiriques
Yogo, Urbain Thierry
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
A10 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
This paper surveys research on social capital with a specific emphasis on Africa studies. We explore deeply the definition and the main dimensions of social capital, following Bourdieu, Coleman and Putnam. We also question the formation of social capital and address the issue of measurement. We argue that while the social capital literature has brought light on some of economic issues, there still exist a number of statistical and conceptual problems. Among these problems, the issue of measurement needs to be addressed with rigor.
2009-12-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19441/1/MPRA_paper_19441.pdf
Yogo, Urbain Thierry (2009): Le Capital Social: Entre Evidences Théoriques et Balbutiemments Empiriques.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19781
2019-09-26T09:16:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453032
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423130
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423232
7375626A656374733D41:4132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423135
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423235
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D45:4535
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423133
7375626A656374733D45:4534
7375626A656374733D45:4533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19781/
Can Great Depression Theories Explain the Great Recession?
Schlenkhoff, Georg
E02 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
B10 - General
B0 - General
A23 - Graduate
A1 - General Economics
B22 - Macroeconomics
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
A10 - General
B15 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
B25 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary ; Austrian
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
B13 - Neoclassical through 1925 (Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian, Stockholm School)
E4 - Money and Interest Rates
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
The recent recession has brought a sharp decrease in income, output, and world trade, as well as an increase in unemployment in developed and underdeveloped countries. Experts such as Paul Krugman, Christina Romer, or Barry Eichengreen, compare the current situation with the Great Depression of the 1930s. However, the current debate is whether that comparison is even applicable. Since policy makers have to understand the roots and the dimension of the crisis in order to seize the fiscal stimulus package, adjust the level of taxes, and change regulation of the financial sector, the debate is of course a reasonable one to have. The Great Depression is the archetype of a recession, so it provides policy makers with valuable insights into right and wrong reaction methods. However, if policy makers orientate at the Great Depression, they have to make sure that the roots of the crisis are similar. So this paper addresses the question: Is the current financial crisis similar to the Great Depression? For that purpose I will systematically compare the Great Recession with the Great Depression. First, by examining the theories that commonly explain the Great Depression. Subsequently I will apply these theories to the Great Recession and discuss if they are applicable. I will argue that some theories are still applicable. For example, which flaws in the monetary system contributed to the Great Recession as well as to the Great Depression? However, the economic environment has changed and applying the same policy reactions today as in the Great Depression will be a policy error. Finally I will briefly present policy recommendations that are based on the findings.
2009-11-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19781/1/MPRA_paper_19781.pdf
Schlenkhoff, Georg (2009): Can Great Depression Theories Explain the Great Recession?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19897
2019-10-02T09:06:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D41:4132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443432
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19897/
Monopoly Supply
Kripalani, G.K.
Tolley, G.S.
Graves, P.E.
Sexton, R.L.
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
A10 - General
D42 - Monopoly
The paper does not have an abstract, however it derives supply relationships for single parameter changes to the demand curve facing a monopoly.
1990
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19897/1/MPRA_paper_19897.pdf
Kripalani, G.K. and Tolley, G.S. and Graves, P.E. and Sexton, R.L. (1990): Monopoly Supply. Published in: Atlantic Economic Journal , Vol. 18, No. 4 : pp. 32-37.
en
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