2024-03-29T06:40:12Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:143
2019-09-27T01:56:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/143/
A Growth Theory and Competitiveness Gains Measure Linkage
González, Germán
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
B41 - Economic Methodology
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
This work provides a macroeconomic approach and a sound conceptual foundation for the notion of "competitiveness gains", so prone to multiple interpretations, and to make it fit for empirical analyses. Instead of "competitiveness" is "competitiveness gains" the relevant concept, defined as a situation where the economy experiences a higher growth rate of TFP than its competitors. We present a theoretical model of competitiveness that provides a rationale for the variations of competitiveness,associated to the behavior of related variables; then we carry out an empirical exercise which shows that our formalization supports a measurable approximation to competitiveness gains.
2006-10-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/143/1/MPRA_paper_143.pdf
González, Germán (2006): A Growth Theory and Competitiveness Gains Measure Linkage.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:415
2019-09-27T15:19:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/415/
Is Macroeconomics a Science?
Barnett, William A.
B41 - Economic Methodology
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
C00 - General
B20 - General
A10 - General
This paper was written as the first draft of the invited Foreword for the book, Money and the Economy, by Apostolos Serletis. The paper provides a critical view of those areas in which methodology in economics deviates from that in the physical sciences, provides examples and illustrations of those deviations, and emphasizes those areas of and approaches to economic research that most closely correspond with the nature of research in the physical sciences.
2006-01-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/415/1/MPRA_paper_415.pdf
Barnett, William A. (2006): Is Macroeconomics a Science?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:614
2019-10-19T11:02:44Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:635
2019-10-28T18:16:21Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:747
2019-09-27T14:27:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423235
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/747/
The Economics of Rhetoric: On Metaphors as Institutions
Lanteri, Alessandro
Yalcintas, Altug
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
B25 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary ; Austrian
B41 - Economic Methodology
The professional life of economists takes place within the boundaries of the institution of academic economics. Belonging to the institution enable economists in many ways. It provides a context wherein their contribution is meaningful. But it constrains, too, what economists are allowed to do or say. Thus, institutions both enable and constrain individual action. Metaphors do the same and are therefore, in this respect, institutions. They are place-holders to communicate our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts. So far, there is nothing wrong. This may become a problem, however, as Richard Rorty has once said, when the “happenstance of our cultural development [is] that we got stuck so long with place-holders.” In the essay we focus on the enabling and disabling roles of metaphors as institutions in the rhetoric of economics. We argue, from the perspective of economics of rhetoric, that some of the metaphors can lead us to path dependent circumstances where the performance of the metaphors is not as desirable as it was when the metaphors were first introduced. Sometimes certain metaphors undergo exaptation, and are employed with new functions. Altogether, we believe, the tools of institutional economics can be fruitfully employed to study metaphors.
2006-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/747/1/MPRA_paper_747.pdf
Lanteri, Alessandro and Yalcintas, Altug (2006): The Economics of Rhetoric: On Metaphors as Institutions. Published in: Ankara University GETA Working Papers No. 94 (April 2006)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:749
2019-10-01T05:26:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423235
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/749/
Stories of Error and Vice Matter: Path Dependence, Paul David, and Efficiency and Optimality in Economics
Yalcintas, Altug
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
B25 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary ; Austrian
B41 - Economic Methodology
Abstract: History books are full of success stories. Intellectuals are interested in such stories because they are important in human history – they are important especially for those who are willing to know more about how we have reached the peak points of human civilization. History books, however, do not always credit issues of human failure and error. The social element – that is, the set of undesirable consequences of the imperfect character of human doings – are thus left out as irrelevant. Oddities and wrongheadedness, for instance, are not at the forefronts of human notice. They are seen only as peculiarities to be corrected sooner or later. Human failure and error are important as they are often left uncorrected in time. That is to say, we keep repeating the same errors through time. Uncorrected errors of the past sometimes generate undesirability, dissatisfaction, and disappointment in the future, because such errors prevent us from producing pragmatic solutions to practical problems in the economy and society. They prevent us from reaching “the general equilibrium.” They prevent us from getting at “the fundamental truth.” The world is, therefore, not the best of all possible worlds. The world, unlike the portrayals of neo-classical economics in general and Paul Samuelson in particular, is a world of transaction costs, as Ronald Coase argued, in the form of human failure and error. Consequences of such errors, which do not disappear easily and without causing further trouble, make the idea impossible – the idea that perfection in the world of humans is achievable. I illustrate in the paper that there are such errors in human history that cause path dependence in the economy and society. Many errors in the past, I argue, are not corrected – they linger. History is therefore not only a bunch of success stories in the form of efficiencies and optimizations. History is also the stories of error – stories of path dependence. And such errors, too, should matter for historical economists.
2006-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/749/1/MPRA_paper_749.pdf
Yalcintas, Altug (2006): Stories of Error and Vice Matter: Path Dependence, Paul David, and Efficiency and Optimality in Economics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:893
2019-10-04T05:02:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D59:5939:593930
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3331
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/893/
What can we do with the Research Institute for Social Complexity Sciences in Indonesia?
Situngkir, Hokky
Y90 - Other
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions ; NGOs ; Social Entrepreneurship
B40 - General
The article discussed about the research opportunities in social complexity studies, especially in Indonesia. This issue is connected to the establishment a social research institute in Indonesia, how to establish and maintain it regarding the interdisciplinary research field. However a lot of localities are taken into the consideration to maintain the social complexity research institute, there would always things that can be learnt by any other similar research institute.
2006-11-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/893/1/MPRA_paper_893.pdf
Situngkir, Hokky (2006): What can we do with the Research Institute for Social Complexity Sciences in Indonesia? Published in: Working Paper Series BFI No. WPG2006
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1045
2019-09-29T23:25:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30:4E3031
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1045/
The Roadblock of Culturalist Economics: Economic Change á la Douglass North
Khalil, Elias
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
N01 - Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
N0 - General
B40 - General
In his 2005 book, Understanding the Process of Economic Change, North offers a rough account of economic change that can be called “culturalist economics.” In his account, he attributes the change of well being of individuals to, besides technology and demographics, cultural heritage or cultural beliefs. Using this basis, he then attributes "the mystery of the unique evolution of western Europe" to a causative view that combines "Christian dogma" and English "individualism." This combinatory belief assures property rights, and hence explains the success of Western Europe and the US and the failure of Islam and Latin America in terms of their respective economic development. But North’s culturalist economics faces a roadblock: it does not explain the origin of beliefs, and it neglects the role of rational choice in manufacturing beliefs. Specifically, it ignores the roles of agency, revolutionary change, and the dynamics of empire.
2006-12-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1045/1/MPRA_paper_1045.pdf
Khalil, Elias (2006): The Roadblock of Culturalist Economics: Economic Change á la Douglass North.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1235
2019-09-26T16:54:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433832
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1235/
The national accounts as a tool for analysis and policy; past, present and future
Bos, Frits
B4 - Economic Methodology
C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data ; Data Access
An overview is provided of the history, logic, merits and limitations of the national accounts.
Past
In the second half of the seventeenth century the first estimates of national income were made. These estimates served clear purposes, like demonstrating that a revision of the English tax system could raise sufficient resources for waging a war with Holland or France. The number of estimates and their frequency gradually increased, in particular since the First World War. Major innovations, like the development of the sector accounts, input-output tables and the arrival of the first guidelines took place in the thirties and forties. These innovations were stimulated by the Keynesian revolution and the development of macro-econometric model building.
Since the Second World War national accounts statistics have become institutionalised and standardised, i.e. they are regularly compiled by national statistical institutes, Central Banks or Ministries and are based on one universal set of multi-purpose concepts and classifications. About a decade ago, the third generation of international guidelines on national accounting was introduced. In comparison to the first guidelines, the scope was drastically extended, e.g. by the inclusion of prices and volumes, balance sheets and input-output tables. However, the basic concepts, like the production boundary have hardly been changed in fifty years. Since the collapse of communism, no separate guidelines and concepts exist for the (formerly) communist countries.
The European Unification has stimulated a revolution in national accounting, in particular with respect to the development of jurisprudence and the improvement and harmonization of the estimates. The European Union was not only aware of the possibilities of the national accounts as a tool for European policy, but acted also as a critical consumer. The latter was vital for generating this revolution in European national accounts practice.
Present
National accounts statistics are a miracle come true: all over the world, very incomplete, imperfect, heterogeneous and partly outdated data are transformed into a complete, consistent, internationally standardised and up-to-date overview of the national economy and its major components. What is the magic behind this miracle?
The universal model
National accounts statistics are estimates of a universal accounting model for describing, analysing and managing national economies. This universal model is not a neutral description of economic reality: it is focused on what can be readily observed in monetary terms, it contains substantial transformations of what can be observed and is based on a specific way of labelling economic reality. Different choices would have resulted in a different picture of economic reality.
The major biases of the universal model merely reflect the natural focus of a regular economic statistic, i.e. a focus on what can be readily observed in monetary terms. This explains why the economic importance of unpaid household services, leisure time, pollution and tax expenditures is ignored. Including such major analytic elements in the basic concepts would seriously endanger the statistical purpose of the universal model. Furthermore, it would also drastically decrease the relevance of the universal model and its major aggregates for important other data needs, e.g. those of budgetary and monetary policy.
The substantial transformations of what can be readily observed are required in order to look –on behalf of analysis and policy- through the complex, chaotic and many different economic and institutional realities. The specific concepts used are the result of many implicit and explicit considerations with respect to relevance, reliability and comparability. They are also influenced by the need to agree on one set of concepts, even if arguments are not sufficient to settle the score.
The universal model incorporates two types of perspectives on the national economy. Firstly, it describes the national economy in terms of its major components (sectors/industries, various types of flows and stocks and several economic processes). This is the general perspective of the universal model.
However, the universal model describes also each major component in a macro-economic context and in relation to the other major components. These are the specific perspectives incorporated in the universal model. Seven major specific perspectives can be distinguished:
1. Non-financial corporations (business accounts);
2. Financial corporations (monetary policy, financial markets);
3. Government (budgetary policy, government finance);
4. Households (personal income, wealth and consumption);
5. Rest of the world (balance of payments);
6. Industries (production, employment and input-output analysis);
7. Other (e.g. the environment, human capital and the welfare state).
The old and most recent history of the national accounts demonstrates that these specific perspectives, and in particular that of the government and its relations to the national economy, are a major motivation for compiling national accounts statistics.
The universal model is an ingenious and very practical product. The various perspectives demonstrate that it is a synthesis of various types of applied economic analysis, e.g. business accounts, Keynesian type of analysis, input-output analysis and index number theory. The universal model also reflects three hundred years of experience in compiling national accounts statistics.
Nevertheless, the universal model can still be improved in various ways. The universal model stresses the importance of flexibility, but does not make an explicit link to the seven perspectives. For each of these perspectives, standard supplementary concepts, like government expenditure and revenue, entrepreneurial income after tax and net worth to the owner, are very relevant and can be easily derived from the basic concepts of the universal model. For each of these perspectives also the importance of prices, volumes, real values and key-ratios should be stressed.
Also some changes in the basic concepts are proposed e.g.:
- Other non-market output, e.g. of the government, should be valued including a net operating surplus by amount of an opportunity interest on the capital invested.
- The purchase of consumer durables by households should be recorded as capital formation instead of as final consumption expenditure. Imputed services of owner-used consumer durables should be recorded by amount of its consumption of fixed capital plus an opportunity interest on the capital invested. These imputed services are consumed as part of the final consumption expenditure of households.
These changes increase the relevance of the national accounts from an economic theoretic point of view.
Furthermore, also various changes in the presentation of national accounts statistics are proposed, e.g. a more systematic distinction between actual and imputed flows and the limitation of the number of accounts.
The national measurement process
The universal model can not be estimated directly. It should first be translated into an operational model for a specific country during a specific period of time. This involves interpretation of the universal model in view of the national economy and further specification of the concepts, detail and scope. For example, which units belong to the sector government en to what extent can price- and volume measures take account of changes in quality? The operational model decides to a substantial extent what is actually measured. Differences in national operational models are therefore a serious threat to international comparability.
The operational model is estimated by combining very heterogeneous and incomplete sets of data; the latter include national accounts estimates for previous periods and frames of reference for grossing up and combining data, e.g. a business register or a population census. The major estimation tools are accounting identities, plausibility checks and assumptions.
The estimation process is influenced by environmental factors like skills (e.g. skills in combining data and making plausible assumptions), resources (e.g. resources for compiling good price-statistics, for maintaining a reliable business register or for compiling national accounts statistics) and policy (e.g. a mixed strategy of continuity or a preference for prudence and stability).
Uses of the national accounts
National accounts statistics are important for economic policy and analysis. Four different roles are played by national accounts statistics:
1. description and object of analysis;
2. tool for analysis and forecasting;
3. tool for communication and decision-making;
4. input for alternative accounts, budgetary rules and estimates.
As a description and object of analysis, national accounts statistics are unique. They define and measure the national economy and its major components. They make the sizes and developments in national economies all over the world visible and put them into quantitative terms. As a consequence, the world economy, the national economies and their major components can be monitored and analysed.
Not all descriptions are suited as an object of analysis. National accounts statistics are partly built on assumptions. Assumptions are essential in combining and completing the basic set of data. Plausible assumptions are even to be preferred above unreliable data. The more encompassing, up-to-date, detailed and reliable the basic data set, the smaller the role played by assumptions can be. By changing the definitions of the universal model, the role of assumptions can be increased or decreased. This also changes the usefulness of national accounts statistics as an object of analysis.
For a proper analysis of national accounts statistics, sufficient information should be available about the operational concepts underlying the national accounts statistics, their reliability and the role of major specific events and institutional circumstances. Furthermore, users should have sufficient knowledge of the logic, merits and limitations of national accounts statistics in general.
As a tool for analysis and forecasting, national accounts statistics are built on three very useful stocks of knowledge: the universal model, the operational model and the national compilation skills. Ignoring the national accounts as tool for analysis and forecasting can result in serious conceptual and statistical pitfalls. However, as a tool for analysis and forecasting, the national accounts have also clear limitations. For a proper use, national accounts statistics should often be rearranged or be supplemented with alternative concepts, alternative data and equations describing economic behaviour.
As a tool for communication and decision-making, national accounts statistics are unique. They serve as the universal facts and language for thinking and communicating about national economies and their major components. They provide new opportunities for decision-making by providing information about major macro-economic developments, by providing explicit targets for many types of policy and by providing price-indexes for inflating contracts and agreements in real terms. However, for a proper and optimal use, knowledge of the merits and limitations of national accounts statistics is essential.
National accounts statistics serve also as an input for alternative estimates, accounts for non-national accounting purposes and policy targets. As an input for alternative estimates, official national accounts statistics serve as a very cheap, well-designed, universal semi-manufactured product. These alternative estimates may reflect fundamentally different perspectives on the national economy, e.g. welfare-measures. However, some of the major alternative estimates are best labelled as non-official national accounts statistics, e.g. by providing much longer time series. National accounts can also serve as a benchmark or source of inspiration for accounts for non-national accounting purposes (e.g. for the bookkeeping systems of municipalities) and policy targets (e.g. in defining the budgetary ceilings for state expenditure in the Netherlands). In this way, the national accounts actually extends its scope as a tool for communication and decision-making.
The future
On the brink of the twenty-first century the world is undergoing dramatic changes. Four trends (globalisation, regionalisation, automation and more-market oriented government) are changing the data needs and possibilities of the national accounts.
Globalisation and regionalisation will increase the political use of national accounts figures. This reinforces requirements on international comparability and standardisation as evidenced by the European experience. Globalisation and more-market oriented government will pose serious difficulties for the quality and completeness of the statistics and administrative data sources used for compiling national accounts figures. A pro-active response is essential for statisticians. The possibilities for national accountants may be increased due to automation, putting minimum standards on the inputs for the national accounts statistics to increase their international comparability and advances in national accounts compilation techniques.
More-market oriented government can stimulate the development of more efficient, effective and attractive national accounts statistics that appeal to a wide range of data users. However, it can also result in cutting down the resources for national accounts statistics and its major inputs below a minimum-level. National accounts statistics will then be trapped: resources are not enough to meet a minimum standard of reliability, to make national accounts statistics more attractive and to find new users; the potentials of the national accounts statistics are then trapped.
In order to meet these challenges and dangers of the future, the efficiency and the national accounts as a product should be improved. This can be done in various ways, e.g. by:
- Developing an international long term strategy for improving national accounts compilation techniques;
- A better balance between the compilation process and the outputs;
- More modules for specific purposes. Some of these could contain internationally standardized supplementary concepts, like entrepreneurial income after tax, government expenditure and revenue or household income in cash. They may also contain modelling results, as modelling is often essential for a balanced view on the national economy.
- An international, EU-like, program for increasing the reliability and comparability of major national accounts variables, e.g. Domestic Product and the volume growth of Domestic Product.
- Investigation of user practice and the lessons that can be learned from that.
- Supplementing national accounts statistics with information about their meaning and reliability, e.g. about the operational concepts, the data sources, compilation methods, the size of the differences between successive estimates and the results of various types of sensitivity analyses.
In order to clarify the value-added of national accounting and to fight wide-spread illiteracy in national accounting, marketing and education should be taken up seriously, preferably by an international long term strategy and by making use of all the possibilities of internet.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1235/1/MPRA_paper_1235.pdf
Bos, Frits (2006): The national accounts as a tool for analysis and policy; past, present and future.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1263
2019-09-26T20:33:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463530
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463534
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513433
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463131
7375626A656374733D46:4631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1263/
A Short History of the Global Economy Since 1800
Alam, M. Shahid
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
F50 - General
B40 - General
F54 - Colonialism ; Imperialism ; Postcolonialism
Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy
F11 - Neoclassical Models of Trade
F1 - Trade
This paper presents a schematic history of the global economy since 1800. The economic and political logic of global capitalism in this period is defined by its ability to derive a growing share of its energy from fossil fuels. The explosive growth of this period, the dominance of capital, the growing military superiority of centers of capitalist growth, and the widening disparities in the global economy are ultimately driven by the logic of fossil-based capitalism. From 1800 to 1950, the global economy experienced growing centralization of capital and power, dividing the global economy into an advanced and dominant Center and a backward and subordinate Periphery. A period of decentralization follows from 1950 to 1990, when most segments of the Periphery regained various levels of control over their economies. Since the early 1990s, the forces of centralization have gained the upper hand.
2003-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1263/1/MPRA_paper_1263.pdf
Alam, M. Shahid (2003): A Short History of the Global Economy Since 1800.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1290
2019-09-26T15:16:14Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1290/
Price, value and profit – a continuous, general, treatment
Freeman, Alan
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
B40 - General
B50 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B00 - General
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This text comprises chapter 13 of Marx and non-equilibrium Economics[1]. It provides a general mathematical specification of a non-equilibrium interpretation of Marx’s theory of value. It refutes the Okishio theorem and solves the transformation problem. It is a foundation work of scholarship within the TSSI (temporal single-system interpretation) of Marx.
It specifies temporal values within a continuous-time framework as opposed to a discrete-time framework, and shows how to pass from discrete or serial time (difference equation, sequential) formalisations to continuous (differential equation, temporal) formalisations of the conservation of value.
[1] Freeman, A. and Carchedi, G. (eds) (1996), Marx and Non-Equilibrium Economics, pp1-29. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. ISBN 1 85898 268 5.
1996-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1290/1/MPRA_paper_1290.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1996): Price, value and profit – a continuous, general, treatment. Published in: Marx and Non-Equilibrium Economics (book) (April 1996): pp. 180-233.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1291
2019-09-28T06:41:36Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423533
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423136
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1291/
Mr Marx and the neoclassics
Freeman, Alan
B00 - General
B53 - Austrian
B41 - Economic Methodology
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B16 - Quantitative and Mathematical
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B50 - General
This article, presented to the Annual Conference of the History of Economics Society, Vancouver July 1996, gives a historical analysis of the origins of the general equilibrium or comparative static approach and demonstrates that economic thought as a whole is divided, in each of its schools of thought, between the equilibrium paradigm and its alternative, the temporal paradigm. This applies across the board with, for example, the divergence between Post-Keynesian or Kaleckian economics, between Austrian economics and Walrasian general equilibrium, and in many other contexts.
The article demonstrates the difference between the equilibrium and temporal approach using a demonstration of ‘adjustment’ effects in a simple corn-cycle model. It goes on to analyse the reasons why, in the history of thought, adjustment or dynamic effects have been considered as ignorable when in fact they are not.
It suggests that the traditional division of the succession of ideas in economic thought – physiocracy, the classics, Marx, marginalism – needs to be reviewed in this light, and argues for a reconsideration of the contribution of Marx to economics, placing him as the first and in many ways the most consistent in a suppressed non-equilibrium tradition in economic thought.
It suggests that in this light, Marx has more in common with Austrian and Post-Keynesian thinking than with Ricardo and Smith, among whose ranks he is normally and commonly grouped.
1996-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1291/1/MPRA_paper_1291.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1996): Mr Marx and the neoclassics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1484
2019-09-29T05:06:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A30:5A3030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1484/
Evolutionary Economics and Moral Relativism - Some Thoughts
Binder, Martin
Z00 - General
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
B41 - Economic Methodology
Doubts about the decidability of moral questions have often been used as an excuse for
economists to eschew any normative propositions. Evolutionary economics, still lacking a
well-developed normative branch, gives rise to a form of descriptive moral relativism. This
paper wants to explore the consequences of adopting a form of meta-ethical and normative
moral relativism as well. It develops a normative position called ‘naturalistic relativism’, which is a naturalistically reconstructed neo-pragmatist form of relativism. The paper also gives an argument why this position seems to be the adequate normative correlate for evolutionary economics.
2006-08-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1484/1/MPRA_paper_1484.pdf
Binder, Martin (2006): Evolutionary Economics and Moral Relativism - Some Thoughts.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1539
2019-09-27T03:51:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423133
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1539/
The Psychopathology of Walrasian Marxism
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B13 - Neoclassical through 1925 (Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian, Stockholm School)
B4 - Economic Methodology
This text comprises chapter 1 of Marx and non-equilibrium Economics[1]. It specifies a non-equilibrium (temporal) interpretation of Marx’s theory of value which demonstrates a fully consistent transformation of values into prices and reproduces Marx’s tendential law of the falling profit rate. It seeks to explain why this approach to value is inaccessible to consciousness under present social relations, and why resistance to its acceptance has been particularly strong among Marxists.
[1] Freeman, A. (1996b) ‘The psychopathology of Walrasian Marxism’, in Freeman, A.. and Carchedi, G. (eds) (1996), Marx and Non-Equilibrium Economics, pp1-29. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. ISBN 1 85898 268 5.
1996
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1539/1/MPRA_paper_1539.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1996): The Psychopathology of Walrasian Marxism. Published in: Freeman, A. and Guglielmo Carchedi 'Marx and non-equilibrium economics', Aldershot: Edward Elgar (1996): pp. 1-29.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1610
2019-09-28T16:36:29Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1610/
On the Ontology of Events in Demographies of Organizations
Brons, Lajos
B41 - Economic Methodology
Demographies of organizations apply demographic methods to study change in populations of organizations. There are (at least) five relatively independent demographies of organizations. All of these have to deal with the same conceptual and theoretical problems that are mainly the result of the biological analogies on which they are based. All of these demographies lack a clear and consistent conceptual framework. Such a framework could not only help solve these conceptual problems, but would also improve the possibility of knowledge exchange between the different fields. Ontology is – among others – the scientific field that specifies such conceptual frameworks. Besides introducing and explaining this type of ontology, this paper proposes an ontology of events in the demographies of organizations. Eight basic types of vital events can be distinguished and are defined by means of symbolic logic and set theory: founding, termination, split-off, take-over, split-up, merger, essential change, and population transfer. All other types of events are either supertypes or are non-vital events. Non-vital events can be transformed into population transfer events. All demographies of organizations share these events, this ontology.
2004
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1610/1/MPRA_paper_1610.pdf
Brons, Lajos (2004): On the Ontology of Events in Demographies of Organizations.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1625
2019-09-29T19:34:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D59:5934:593430
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423439
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1625/
Rethinking the Culture - Economy Dialectic
Brons, Lajos
Y40 - Dissertations (unclassified)
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
Z10 - General
B49 - Other
The culture - economy dialectic (CED), the opposition of the concepts and phenomena of culture and economy, is one of the most important notions in the modern history of ideas. Both the disciplinary boundaries and much theoretical thought in social science are strongly influenced or even determined by the CED. Hence, a thorough analysis and evaluation of the CED might be useful to better understand the history of ideas in social science and the currently fashionable research on the cultural influences on economic differences between countries and regions.
This book, my PhD thesis, attempts to do just that. The concepts of "culture" and "economy" (and related concepts) and the (assumed) relationships therebetween are compared and analysed. Empirical results from earlier studies are summarised and some new test are presented. These new tests are partly based on a measurement of Dutch regional culture. However, it appeared that most theories of the CED are (nearly) impossible to (empirically) verify. There seems to be some influence of wealth on specific cultural phenomena (such individualism and post-materialism), but the often assumed influence of culture on entrepreneurship and economic growth remains unconfirmed. Moreover, from an analysis of the theories themselves, it appears that most of these cannot be falsified and are, therefore, hardly 'scientific'.
Many of the theories of the CED and, in fact, many theories of social science in general are of a conceptual rather than a causal nature. These theories cannot easily be falsified by empirical means alone, but must be studied by means of conceptual analysis. In the final conclusions, this book, therefore, argues for conceptual analysis in, and a more anarchist approach to, social science.
2005-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1625/1/MPRA_paper_1625.pdf
Brons, Lajos (2005): Rethinking the Culture - Economy Dialectic. Published in: (June 2005)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1998
2019-09-26T13:49:38Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1998/
A general refutation of Okishio’s theorem and a proof of the falling rate of profit
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
O30 - General
O10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
B20 - General
This is the first published general refutation of the Okishio theorem. An earlier refutation based on a specific example was published by Kliman and McGlone in 1988.
Okishio’s theorem, published in 1961, asserts that if real wages stay constant, the rate of profit necessarily rises in consequence of any cost-reducing technical change. It proves this within a simultaneous equation (general equlibrium) framework.
This paper establishes that this proposition is false within a differential equation (temporal) approach. In such a framework the denominator of the rate of profit rises continuously, regardless of whether or not there is technical change, unless capitalist consumption exceeds profit, as occurs in a slump.
Okishio himself asserts that his theorem is ‘contrary to Marx’s Gesetz des Tendentiellen Falls der Profitrate’ – contrary to Marx’s law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall. This assertion is, within the literature, universally taken to be the substantive content of the ‘Okishio Theorem’. Thus, if Marx’s approach to value is in fact temporal, and not simultaneist, this assertion by Okishio is false, since it applies not to Marx’s own theory, but to the interpretation of that theory subsequently attributed to Marx by a specific school of thought represented principally by Bortkiewicz, Sweezy, Morishima, Seton, and Steedman.
The subsequent accumulation of hermeneutic evidence strongly supports the thesis that Marx’s theory is temporalist and not simultaneist.
Since the Okishio theorem makes the general assertion that the rate of profit must necessarily rise if there are cost-saving technical changes, and since Kliman and McGlone demonstrate a particular case in which cost-saving technical change leads to a fall in the profit rate, the Kliman-McGlone paper is the first published refutation of the Okishio theorem. The present paper is a generalisation of this refutation which establishes the precise conditions under which the profit rate rise or falls, and establishes the general result that the profit rate necessarily falls as a consequence of capitalist accumulation with a constant real wage, until and unless accumulation ceases in value terms.
Consequently the mathematical findings set out in this paper, refute the Okishio Theorem.
1998
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1998/1/MPRA_paper_1998.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): A general refutation of Okishio’s theorem and a proof of the falling rate of profit. Published in: Bellofiore, R (ed) Marxian Economics: a Reappraisal, Volume 2, pp139-162. Basingstoke: McMillan. ISBN 0 333 64411 5 (1998): pp. 139-162.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2040
2019-09-27T23:56:50Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433433
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433436
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423233
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2040/
The indeterminacy of price-value correlations: a comment on papers by Simo Mohun and Anwar Shaikh
Freeman, Alan
C43 - Index Numbers and Aggregation
C02 - Mathematical Methods
C46 - Specific Distributions ; Specific Statistics
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B23 - Econometrics ; Quantitative and Mathematical Studies
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
This paper is the first published critique of the indeterminacy of price-value correlations and their inadequacy as empirical evidence for the determination of prices by values. It comments on the approach developed by Shaikh, Petrovic, Parys, Ochoa and others, according to which prices, as asserted by Ricardo, are empirically ‘97%’ determined by values.
This method calculates measures of distance (according to some or other measure such as Mean Absolute Distance, or correlation) between a vector of empirically-observed average price of a set of industrial sectors, and a vector of aggregate values calculated as the vertically-integrated labour coefficients of the same set of industrial sectors.
The present paper suggests, and establishes using a Monte Carlo method, that the observed correlations are most likely to ‘spurious’ since they can be entirely accounted for by variations in the size of the industrial sectors concerned.
The paper was published in the same volume as the paper from Anwar Shaikh to which it responds, as well as another by Simon Mohun on which the paper also comments. (Bellofiore, R (ed) Marxian Economics: a Reappraisal, Volume 2, pp139-162. Basingstoke: McMillan)
The controversy was subsequently developed in a number of exchanges including, in particular, papers in the Cambridge Journal of Economics between Andrew Kliman, Paul Cockshott and Allin Cottrell. It has further been discussed in papers by Ruben Osuna and Emilio Diaz which are at the time of submission unpublished, and in papers by Tsoulfidis and Maniatis also in the Cambridge Journal of Economics.
1998
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2040/1/MPRA_paper_2040.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): The indeterminacy of price-value correlations: a comment on papers by Simo Mohun and Anwar Shaikh. Published in: Bellofiore, R (ed) Marxian Economics: a Reappraisal, Volume 2, pp139-162. Basingstoke: McMillan. ISBN 0 333 64411 5 (1998): pp. 139-162.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2158
2019-09-26T08:32:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4435
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D41:4132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2158/
Economic system dynamics
McCauley, Joseph L.
Küffner, Cornelia M.
D5 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
B4 - Economic Methodology
A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
We provide the reader with a qualitative summary of the main ideas from econophysics and finance theory, starting with a thorough criticism of the standard ideas taught in typical economics textbooks. The emphasis is on the Galilean or physicists' approach to market synamics, as opposed to the standard nonempirical postulatory one.
2004
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2158/1/MPRA_paper_2158.pdf
McCauley, Joseph L. and Küffner, Cornelia M. (2004): Economic system dynamics. Published in: Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society , Vol. 1, (2004): pp. 213-220.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2160
2019-09-28T13:14:28Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3139
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423539
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443533
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2160/
EL INTANGIBLE COMO PROBLEMA CONCEPTUAL Y LA FICCIÓN DEL VALOR RAZONABLE
Galindo Lucas, ALFONSO
M41 - Accounting
M19 - Other
B59 - Other
B41 - Economic Methodology
D53 - Financial Markets
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
In an institutional framework, intangible Asset Accountancy is a convenient thing for business, but it does not necessarily find a worth theoretical justification. Within perfect information and continuous activity assumptions, it remains demonstrated that the concept of intangible stands for a theoretical problem. In real life, where sometimes information does not exists at all, neither take place other theoretical assumptions, “reasonable value” assessment for those assets becomes an accountant fiction (and a fiscal one) . Another famous problem, that one of fixed capital, concurs with the theoretical idea of none of businesses being profitable.
2007-02-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2160/1/MPRA_paper_2160.pdf
Galindo Lucas, ALFONSO (2007): EL INTANGIBLE COMO PROBLEMA CONCEPTUAL Y LA FICCIÓN DEL VALOR RAZONABLE. Published in: Contribuciones a la Economía (15 February 2007): pp. 1-15.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2217
2019-09-26T10:06:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2217/
Time, the value of money and the quantification of value
Freeman, Alan
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B41 - Economic Methodology
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This paper establishes, and illustrates for the case of the UK, a temporal method for calculating the labour values of outputs from any process or sector of a market economy.
It exhibits the temporal calculation of the Monetary Equivalent of Labour Time (MELT), the general ratio between monetary and labour time magnitudes, for a single national economy, but does not correct for the consequences of value transfers within the world economy as a whole. The method is nevertheless generalisable, provided international value transfers are properly accounted.
1998-09-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2217/1/MPRA_paper_2217.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): Time, the value of money and the quantification of value.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2236
2019-09-30T23:19:04Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433730
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2236/
Game Theoretic Models as a Framework for Analysis: The Case of Coordination Conventions
Aydinonat, N. Emrah
B41 - Economic Methodology
C70 - General
This paper examines game theoretic models of coordination conventions. Firstly, the paper shows that static models of coordination cannot explain the emergence of coordination conventions. The best interpretation of these models is that they study the conditions under which coordination is possible. The examination of these conditions suggests that history and existing institutions are important in the process of emergence of institutions. Secondly, an examination of dynamic models of coordination conventions reveals that some of these models explicate some of the ways in which coordination may be brought about in the model world. Nevertheless, consideration of these models fortifies the point that history and existing institutions are crucial for explaining the emergence of conventions in the real world. Based on these observations, the paper suggests that game theory as a framework of analysis is the best possible interpretation of game theoretic models of coordination conventions.
2006-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2236/1/MPRA_paper_2236.pdf
Aydinonat, N. Emrah (2006): Game Theoretic Models as a Framework for Analysis: The Case of Coordination Conventions. Published in: Advances in Economics: Theory and Applications , Vol. 2, (2006): pp. 9-34.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2290
2019-10-23T17:46:24Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2303
2019-09-29T23:07:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2303/
What happens in crashes? a non-equilibrium, value-theoretic approach to liquidity preference
Freeman, Alan
B20 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B41 - Economic Methodology
B50 - General
This paper, presented at the 1998 conference of the European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy in Lisbon, shows how variations in the value of money, and in the exchange rate between different moneys of account, lead to transfers of value on the one hand between national or continental monetary blocs and on the other, between the financial and productive sectors of a single national economy.
It discusses how these transfers may serve as the mechanism underlying the business cycle and suggests that they may also account for the phenomenon of liquidity preference. It suggests that the concept of liquidity preference constitutes a potential common ground between value-theoretic and post-Keynesian schools of thought.
It is set against the background of the 1997 Asian crisis and reflects on the role and reliability of the economics profession.
1998-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2303/1/MPRA_paper_2303.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): What happens in crashes? a non-equilibrium, value-theoretic approach to liquidity preference.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2572
2019-09-26T14:19:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2572/
What happens in recessions? A value-theoretic approach to Liquidity Preference
Freeman, Alan
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B41 - Economic Methodology
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This paper develops the paper entitled ‘‘Time, the Value of Money and the Quantification of Value’ which was presented at the conference of the Middle East Technical University in September 1998. It presents the case for a value-theoretic treatment of liquidity preference in axiomatic form, based on a temporal analysis.
It discusses why temporal analysis is universally excluded from economic discourse. It argues that economic thought is divided not by the schism between classical and marginal, but the chasm between time and equilibrium. This divide is found in more or less every branch and every period in the history of economic thought; the classical variant of equilibrium appeared as Say’s Law, while the Austrians tried to become the temporal variant of marginalism. It suggests that the ‘Weintraub-Davidson-Eichner’ project is an attempt to identify what ‘temporalist’ approaches have in common. It argues there is a new element to this project, namely the growing body of evidence that Marx, too, was a temporalist, and that the temporal interpretation of Marx has more in common with Post-Keynesianism than it has with the rest of Marxism.
Keywords: Liquidity, Value, Quantification, MELT, MEL, Money, Labour, Marx, TSSI, Temporalism
1998-09-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2572/1/MPRA_paper_2572.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): What happens in recessions? A value-theoretic approach to Liquidity Preference.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2573
2019-09-27T06:53:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423133
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2573/
A dialogue concerning the two chief systems of value
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
B13 - Neoclassical through 1925 (Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian, Stockholm School)
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B4 - Economic Methodology
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This paper was presented to the Brasilian Society for Political Economy at its 1998 conference. It presents the principal differences between the temporal and the simultaneist approach to the theory of value. It was the first paper to present a formal conceptual analogy between the temporal approach in economics, and the Galilean approach in astronomy. At that time, the problem which I sought to address was, how is retrogression possible in economic thought? This same question is at the centre of my response to Laibman in 'The new value controversy in economics'.
Keywords: Temporalism; TSSI; Value; Marx; rate of profit; transformation; non-equilibrium; Walras;
1998-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2573/1/MPRA_paper_2573.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): A dialogue concerning the two chief systems of value.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2574
2019-09-28T02:01:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2574/
The limits of Ricardian value: law, contingency and motion in economics
Freeman, Alan
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B4 - Economic Methodology
B31 - Individuals
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This paper discusses the relation between law and contingency in the formation of value. It begins from a much-ignored assertion of Marx, repeated throughout his works, that the equality of supply and demand is contingent and their non-equality constitutes their law. This highly complex and original idea leads us to the idea of capitalism, and a market, as an entity which perpetuates itself by failing to perpetuate itself: it is the fact that supply diverges from demand which causes the system to continue, not the fact that supply equals demand, which is only the case as a statistical average and never exactly holds.
This fundamental and unrecognised difference between Marx’s approach and that of the classicals also distinguishes Marx from most modern economics, which has focussed on equilibrium as the de facto defining principle from which value may be deduced. The problem is exactly the opposite: it is to define a conception of value which does not require equilibrium and makes no presupposition that supply equals demand, that goods are sold, that profits equalise, or that any of the ‘lawlike’ properties of an ideal market actually hold.
The ‘lawlike’ properties of a market must then be deduced as an outcome of the dynamic, that is temporal, behaviour of the market, expressed in terms of the interaction between value so defined and use value. In order that such a concept of value may have universal applicability, price has to be reformulated as a form of value, and money theorised on this foundation. This article, presented to the EEA mini-conference on value in 1999, sets out the general principles involved.
Keywords: Crisis, inequality, market failure, TSSI, Temporalism, Marx, Value, Marshall, Walras, equilibrium, non-equilibrium, history of thought, Keynes, Austrian Economics, Post-Keynesian economics, Ricardo
1999-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2574/1/MPRA_paper_2574.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1999): The limits of Ricardian value: law, contingency and motion in economics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2588
2019-09-28T01:06:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2588/
Marxian debates on the falling rate of profit
Freeman, Alan
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
B40 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B00 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B50 - General
The purpose of this paper is to examine the discussion among marxists about the rate of profit. This is done by the method of symptomatic reading, hence in a different way from what has become standard. Beginning from the fact that Marx and his critics draw diametrically opposite conclusions from the same premises – continuously rising productivity as a defining element of accumulation – I enquire into the presuppositions and necessary conclusions of the two opposed interpretations in order to lay bare the logical world-view which underlies them.
I show that the opposed conclusions which are drawn by scholars from the two main paradigms arise not from errors of logic but from their opposed value concepts. My aim is, without presupposing which is right, to investigate what each concept actually is.
This paper is non-mathematical but contains many numerical examples and a detailed textual exigesis. It is a good starting point for the new student of temporal approaches to value and their difference from the simultaneist (equilibrium) standpoint.
It contains a more or less complete non-mathematical exposition of the temporal calculation of the profit rate, and demonstrates that the simultaneist approach leads to the creation of value without labour.
Keywords: value, TSSI, temporalism, rate of profit, Marx, MELT, Okishio
2000-06-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2588/1/MPRA_paper_2588.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2000): Marxian debates on the falling rate of profit.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2618
2019-10-04T04:37:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2618/
Value and Marx: why it matters
Freeman, Alan
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
A1 - General Economics
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B00 - General
B50 - General
This is the English version of ‘Valore e Marx: Perche sono importanti’ which appeared in Vasopollo, L (2002) (ed) ‘Un Vecchio Falso Problema: La Transformazione dei valori in prezzi nel Capital di Marx’, Roma: Laboratoria per la critica sociale.
It was presented at the May 2002 conference organised by the Laboratorio per la critica sociale in Rome.
It summarises the debate to this point on the temporal and simultaneous approaches to value and on the alleged inconsistencies in Marx’s approach.
Keywords: TSSI, MELT, value, Marx, price, profit rate, Okishio, non-equilibrium, equilibrium, money, sraffa
2002-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2618/1/MPRA_paper_2618.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2002): Value and Marx: why it matters. Published in: Proteo No. 2001-2 (2002): pp. 52-61.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2619
2019-09-26T13:19:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2619/
Marx After Marx After Sraffa
Freeman, Alan
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B4 - Economic Methodology
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B50 - General
B13 - Neoclassical through 1925 (Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian, Stockholm School)
This paper was originally presented at a conference on value organized by the Laboratory for Social Change in Rome, which staged a debate on value theory involving Andrew Kliman, Alan Freeman, Mino Carchedi, Gary Mongiovi, Fabio Petri, Duncan Foley, and Ernesto Screpanti.
The paper was a contribution to this discussion. The most complete version was presented to the 2002 conference of the Middle East Technical University (METU) in Ankara, September 2002. This version was presented to the annual conference of the Association for Heterodox Economics (AHE) in July 2002.
The article contains an initial response to Gary Mongiovi’s critique of the TSSI presented at the Eastern Economic Association and subsequently printed in the Review of Radical Political Economy [Mongiovi, G (2002), Vulgar Economy in Marxian Garb: A Critique of Temporal Single System Marxism, paper to the 2002 conference of the Eastern Economic Association; Mongiovi, Gary. 2002. Vulgar Economy in Marxian Garb: A critique of temporal single-system Marxism, Review of Radical Political Economics 34:4, 393–416.]
Keywords: Value, Marx, Price, Money, Sraffa, Transformation, rate of profit, Okishio, TSSI, MELT, Temporal, Non-equilibrium, History of Economic Thought.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2619/1/MPRA_paper_2619.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2002): Marx After Marx After Sraffa.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2656
2019-09-28T09:57:42Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433832
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2656/
Standard national accounting concepts, economic theory and data compilation issues; on constancy and change in the UN-Manuals on national accounting (1947, 1953, 1968, 1993)
Bos, Frits
B40 - General
C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data ; Data Access
E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth ; Environmental Accounts
In this paper, the four successive guidelines of the United Nations on national accounting are discussed in view of economic theory (Keynesian analysis, welfare, Hicksian income, input-output analysis, etc.) and data compilation issues (e.g. the link with concepts in administrative data sources). The new guidelines of the EC should complement those of the UN and be simpler and more cost-efficient. It should define a balanced set of operational concepts and tables that is attainable for most EC countries within 5 years.
1993
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2656/1/MPRA_paper_2656.pdf
Bos, Frits (1993): Standard national accounting concepts, economic theory and data compilation issues; on constancy and change in the UN-Manuals on national accounting (1947, 1953, 1968, 1993). Published in: National Accounts Occasional Paper , Vol. NA-61, (1993)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3733
2019-09-29T06:30:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3733/
The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O1 - Economic Development
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
This paper summarizes the theory of knowledge from the book of the same title by
the same author. The paper begins by asking, and answering, what knowledge is. In searching for precise definitions it rids itself of the ambiguous term of infinity. The seven main laws of knowledge are laid out and discussed. The theory is an economic theory and as such must mention how people choose to seek knowledge. Knowledge is treated like any other commodity or product such as an apple, copper or a television set. Choices must be made in order to acquire knowledge. The tool used is the same tool used for analyzing other commodities - marginal utility analysis. The paper moves on to develop a working function of knowledge. This function helps to give a clear picture of how knowledge gains and loses occur within a society. The function leads to an understanding of critical levels of knowledge as well as the term obsolete knowledge. The paper introduces the term ‘negative’ knowledge and demonstrates how time is lost and gained within the context of knowledge. The sum of knowledge is the last major issue discussed in this paper and it can be considered the ‘signature’ of the theory. The concept that two plus two is not always four differentiates the commodity knowledge from other commodities and products. Finally the implications of this unique property of the commodity knowledge are discussed with the aim of demonstrating how the world would end up as a better place for all with food, shelter, and security for all.
2006-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3733/1/MPRA_paper_3733.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2006): The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3734
2019-10-02T21:31:36Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3734/
Measuring a Society’s Knowledge Base
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
B41 - Economic Methodology
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
A1 - General Economics
The quest to measure knowledge effectively will in no doubt lead to better knowledge policies of governments around the world in both developing and developed countries. This paper endeavours to seta sound theoretical base for measuring knowledge and does this by demonstrating that existing tools used by economists for measuring knowledge are largely self contradictory, they contradict existing theory. Knowledge to be measured effectively we must give knowledge its own units like weight and length have their own units, only then can we say how much knowledge one needs to carry out a particular task.
2006-10-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3734/1/MPRA_paper_3734.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2006): Measuring a Society’s Knowledge Base.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3735
2019-09-30T06:59:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3735/
Point X and the Economics of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
In this paper the theory developed in the paper �The Fundamental Theory of Knowledge�
by the same author is developed further. This paper looks at point X, as it exists in the dimension that is called mthetho, the laws that govern the universe. Analyzing point X gives a more firm understanding of knowledge and its properties. The timelessness and independence of point X shall first be established and verified. The paper will eventually demonstrate that the timelessness and independence of this point X is what gives knowledge its power in terms of economics. The concepts developed in the paper. The Fundamental theory of Knowledge� are tested against this concept of timelessness and independence of point X, if a contradiction where to be found the theory would have serious contradictions, the paper proves that there are no contradictions. The principles of negative and obsolete knowledge are discussed in relation to point X. The laws of knowledge are tested against point X, against the timelessness and independence of point X. The law of consistency, arguably the most powerful law in investigative knowledge is also discussed in relation to point X; again the paper establishes that there are no contradictions. The law of consistency demonstrates the importance of point X, and therefore knowledge in the economic reality of human beings. Finally the foundations of material progress are discussed in the paper again with point X
being the reference point.
2007-02-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3735/1/MPRA_paper_3735.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2007): Point X and the Economics of Knowledge.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3790
2019-09-27T14:04:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3790/
The Growth and Decay of Custom: The Role of the New Institutional Economics in Economic History
Basu, Kaushik
Jones, Eric
Schlicht, Ekkehart
N0 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
Customs and institutions affect and are affected by economic relations and processes. The two-way interaction is particularly important in studying history where the scale of the temporal canvas ensures that very few variables can be treated as parametric. This paper assesses the methodology which attempts the task. In particular it examines the problem of endogenizing customs, evaluates claims for the optimality of institutions, and also comments on the interplay between structural and inertial forces. Recent work in the new institutional economics stresses structural forces, while traditional history emphasizes inertial forces, but on closer analysis these are shown to be complementary.
1987
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3790/1/MPRA_paper_3790.pdf
Basu, Kaushik and Jones, Eric and Schlicht, Ekkehart (1987): The Growth and Decay of Custom: The Role of the New Institutional Economics in Economic History. Published in: Explorations in Economic History , Vol. 24, No. 1 (1987): pp. 1-21.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3862
2019-09-26T22:30:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423439
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423533
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3862/
A Discussion on Empirical Micro-Bases of Hayek’s Methodological Individualism
Zhao, Liang
Zhu, Xian Chen
B49 - Other
B53 - Austrian
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
There are essential differences in ‘methodological individualism(MI)’ between neoclassic economics and Hayek’s theory. On basis of The Sensory Order, this paper shows relations between Hayek’s MI and it, the micro-bases of Hayek’s MI from contemporarily empirical disciplines, and some viewpoints verified by succeeding ones; then points out some questions that need to be answered henceforth between Hayek’s theory and interdisciplinary studies in modern economics. It is concluded that Hayek’s MI has its empirical micro-bases, and that his interdisciplinary exploration in the youth can help advance modern economics.
2007-06-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3862/1/MPRA_paper_3862.pdf
Zhao, Liang and Zhu, Xian Chen (2007): A Discussion on Empirical Micro-Bases of Hayek’s Methodological Individualism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3926
2019-09-26T13:37:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433633
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433838
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433837
7375626A656374733D43:4331
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433433
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433635
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3926/
Les algorithmes de la modélisation : une analyse critique pour la modélisation économique
Buda, Rodolphe
C63 - Computational Techniques ; Simulation Modeling
C88 - Other Computer Software
C5 - Econometric Modeling
C87 - Econometric Software
C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
B41 - Economic Methodology
C43 - Index Numbers and Aggregation
C65 - Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools
L'objet de ce papier n'est pas tant de présenter les principaux algorithmes utilisés
en modélisation économique - nombre de manuels font des présentations de meilleure
qualité et plus exhaustives - que d'en proposer une vision critique. Les modèles économiques, et plus particulièrement les modèles macroéconométriques, sont des représentations numériques qui, de ce fait, ont opéré des choix de simplification voire de réduction de la réalité. Revenir sur les algorithmes existants peut donc, nous l'espérons, constituer une étape vers la reformulation d'algorithmiques plus féconds pour la modélisation.
Le problème de la modélisation consiste à se poser la question de savoir, compte tenu de
l'état observé de l'économie et sous certaines hypothèses, quelle sera en mode projection,
quelle serait (en mode simulation), l'état futur (vs l'état alternatif) de cette économie ? Depuis la phase de gestion de la banque de données qui requiert divers algorithmes de tri, jusqu'aux algorithmes d'analyse numérique impliqués dans les calculs matriciels d'estimation économétrique - pour être bref -, le fonctionnement de la modélisation macroéconométrique s'explique par des algorithmes . Il implique l'emploi d'une syntaxe, l'algorithmique, et d'un langage, les mathématiques. L'algorithme est une séquence d'instructions ordonnées et formalisées, permettant d'aboutir à la résolution du problème étudié. Peu d'ouvrages sont consacrés aux phases algorithmiques de la modélisation .
Si les algorithmes visent tous à assister la décision (analyses rétrospective et prospective), ils sont loin de former une librairie homogène de programmes. Nous aborderons des algorithmes directement liés à un traitement numérique (estimation statistique, simulation optimisation). Mais nous consacrerons également quelques lignes à des algorithmes de nature apparemment "moins numériques", mais intervenant dans des phases déterminantes de la modélisation. Il s'agira d'une part des algorithmes permettant de structurer et/ou d'analyse des données ainsi que des algorithmes graphiques et ceux de communication. Enfin nous aborderons brièvement le problème de précision des calculs lié à l'arithmétique des ordinateurs. Délibérément, nous n'avons développé les aspects relatifs au Génie logiciel , de même que dans un souci de clarté, nous avons regroupé les programmes en annexe, lorsque la compréhension n'exigeait pas qu'ils accompagnent le texte. Notre présentation sera jalonnée de travaux algorithmiques et de références
à nos notes de travail, réalisés dans le cadre de notre thèse de Doctorat.
2001-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3926/1/MPRA_paper_3926.pdf
Buda, Rodolphe (2001): Les algorithmes de la modélisation : une analyse critique pour la modélisation économique.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3995
2019-09-27T03:14:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433633
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433837
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3995/
La modélisation macroéconomique comme processus de communication : pour une formalisation finaliste des équations de comportement
Buda, Rodolphe
C63 - Computational Techniques ; Simulation Modeling
C5 - Econometric Modeling
C87 - Econometric Software
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
B41 - Economic Methodology
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
The assumption we submit, because macroeconomic forcasts would be unperfect, is that behavioral equations doesn't enough describe economic behaviours through the capacity of reaction opposite to environment. Further, the forcaster belongs to his search-system, so that, may be, we must now integrate forcasting way in the system. How to proceed ? We examined microeconomics which is advanced to this purpose, and social sciences which analyses behaviors. Hence the new formulation of behavior equations would have intentional and potential components, which we have now to specify.
1994-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3995/1/MPRA_paper_3995.pdf
Buda, Rodolphe (1994): La modélisation macroéconomique comme processus de communication : pour une formalisation finaliste des équations de comportement.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4004
2019-09-28T04:41:56Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433633
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D43:4336
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4004/
Quantitative Economic Modeling vs Methodological Individualism ?
Buda, Rodolphe
C63 - Computational Techniques ; Simulation Modeling
C5 - Econometric Modeling
C6 - Mathematical Methods ; Programming Models ; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling
B41 - Economic Methodology
During a long time, the Austrian Economic School was against any mathematical formalization in social and economic sciences because it would be opposed to an individualist point of view of social phenomenons. We try to find an quantitative individualism modelling way from a criticism of holist modelling. But this paper tries to improve the dilemma of the quantitative modelling : we have to choose between whole representations - which denies individuals - and individualist models which are'nt able all to represent. Each one of these models have got his own logic of elaboration (statistical, experimental etc.) but we have to consider they are complementary from
a scientific point of view.
1999
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4004/1/MPRA_paper_4004.pdf
Buda, Rodolphe (1999): Quantitative Economic Modeling vs Methodological Individualism ? Published in: Working Paper MODEM , Vol. 00, No. 09 (2000)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4130
2019-09-26T08:24:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4339
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4130/
Un bref historique de l'économie expérimentale
Buda, Rodolphe
C9 - Design of Experiments
B41 - Economic Methodology
B30 - General
Ce papier tente de faire un rapide historique de l'économie expérimentale depuis son origine apparente en 1948, son origine scientifique dans les années soixante notamment avec l'oeuvre de V.L.Smith jusqu'à la fin des années 90. Il présente le protocole expérimental défini par V.L.Smith et montre les liens qui ont très vite été noués entre l'économie expérimentale, la théorie des jeux et la psychologie.
A noter que ce papier a été rédigé avant l'attribution en 2002 du Prix Nobel d'économie à D.Kahneman et V L.Smith.
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4130/1/MPRA_paper_4130.pdf
Buda, Rodolphe (2000): Un bref historique de l'économie expérimentale.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4149
2019-09-26T21:11:51Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D59:5938
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433831
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4149/
Verification of Citations: Fawlty Towers of Knowledge?
Wright, Malcolm
Armstrong, J. Scott
Y8 - Related Disciplines
C81 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data ; Data Access
B4 - Economic Methodology
The prevalence of faulty citations impedes the growth of scientific knowledge. Faulty citations include omissions of relevant papers, incorrect references, and quotation errors that misreport findings. We discuss key studies in these areas. We then examine citations to Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys, one of the most frequently cited papers from the Journal of Marketing Research, as an exploratory study to illustrate these issues. This paper is especially useful in testing for quotation errors because it provides specific operational recommendations on adjusting for nonresponse bias; therefore, it allows us to determine whether the citing papers properly used the findings. By any number of measures, those doing survey research fail to cite this paper and, presumably, make inadequate adjustments for nonresponse bias. Furthermore, even when the paper was cited, 49 of the 50 studies that we examined reported its findings improperly. The inappropriate use of statistical-significance testing led researchers to conclude that nonresponse bias was not present in 76 percent of the studies in our sample. Only one of the studies in the sample made any adjustment for it. Judging from the original paper, we estimate that the study researchers should have predicted nonresponse bias and adjusted for 148 variables. In this case, the faulty citations seem to have arisen either because the authors did not read the original paper or because they did not fully understand its implications. To address the problem of omissions, we recommend that journals include a section on their websites to list all relevant papers that have been overlooked and show how the omitted paper relates to the published paper. In general, authors should routinely verify the accuracy of their sources by reading the cited papers. For substantive findings, they should attempt to contact the authors for confirmation or clarification of the results and methods. This would also provide them with the opportunity to enquire about other relevant references. Journal editors should require that authors sign statements that they have read the cited papers and, when appropriate, have attempted to verify the citations.
2007-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4149/1/MPRA_paper_4149.pdf
Wright, Malcolm and Armstrong, J. Scott (2007): Verification of Citations: Fawlty Towers of Knowledge? Forthcoming in: Interfaces
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4164
2019-09-26T13:27:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453630
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433832
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4164/
Abrégé de comptabilité nationale
Buda, Rodolphe
E60 - General
C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data ; Data Access
B4 - Economic Methodology
A20 - General
This "summary" of national accounting is intended to be used as support to complete the course of national accounting during exercises (*). This "summary" does't replace the main course of national accounting, but we hope the students will find a quick presentation of macroeconomic tools, their uses, their stakes, and their links with the other fields of economics. We tried to help the readers understanding the link between national and private accounting too. This "summary" is dedicated to the students at university, but to the student at high schools, which study Economics, Management and Law. Finally, we tried to link the techniques to the main theories of the Macroeconomics.
(*) This paper completed during exercices the main course of national accounting of Mr S. Zeghni (University of Marne-la-Vallée) during the period 1995-1996.
1995
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4164/1/MPRA_paper_4164.pdf
Buda, Rodolphe (1995): Abrégé de comptabilité nationale.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4665
2019-10-07T02:58:47Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4828
2019-10-07T06:35:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463430
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433832
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4828/
Forensic Accounting: Hidden balance of payments of the Philippines
Beja, Edsel Jr.
F40 - General
B50 - General
O53 - Asia including Middle East
C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data ; Data Access
B40 - General
An examination of the available data between 1990 and 2005 reveals that the balance of payments of the Philippines does not record large amounts of international transactions. Unrecorded international transactions for the 16-year period amount to US$ 192 billion (in 1995 prices). The results suggest a serious problem in the government’s macroeconomic management of the Philippines, and expose a weak or weakening capacity in the governance of international transactions.
2006-11-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4828/1/MPRA_paper_4828.pdf
Beja, Edsel Jr. (2006): Forensic Accounting: Hidden balance of payments of the Philippines. Published in: Loyola Schools Review , Vol. 6, (2007): pp. 1-14.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5111
2019-09-28T09:50:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5111/
History of Economics or a Selected History of Economics?
Palma, Nuno
B4 - Economic Methodology
B0 - General
While research on the history of economics can be important to modern
economics, the work of historians of economics is more often than reasonable
associated with either non-contemporary or heterodox issues. I provide quantitative
evidence of this, by analyzing the publications in the three main history of economics
journals over the last fourteen years (1993-2006). This trend must change if the work of
historians of economics is to be taken seriously by mainstream economists.
2007-09-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5111/1/MPRA_paper_5111.pdf
Palma, Nuno (2007): History of Economics or a Selected History of Economics?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5283
2019-10-21T14:41:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5283/
Explaining the logic of pure preference in a neurodynamic structure
Dominique, C-Rene
B41 - Economic Methodology
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A1 - General Economics
This paper uses Category Theory to integrate a nonlinear, nonhomogeneous ordinary differential equation system into an input/output representation in an attempt to capture the mechanism behind the formation of pure preference in humans. The model shows that the human brain belongs to the class of functions U ε C2(R3, R). In addition, it shows that there exists an emerging factor, e, which is sine qua non for expressing a preference. The factor, e, may be associated with ‘judgement’ which, in turn, may neatly subsume ‘consciousness’, the arrival of new information, and cases of selection under risks and uncertainty.
2006-12-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5283/1/MPRA_paper_5283.pdf
Dominique, C-Rene (2006): Explaining the logic of pure preference in a neurodynamic structure.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5304
2019-09-28T11:59:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433730
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423235
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5304/
Institutions: Theory, History and Context-Specific Analysis
Aydinonat, N. Emrah
B41 - Economic Methodology
C70 - General
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
B25 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary ; Austrian
A review essay on Avner Greif, Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy: Lessons from Medieval Trade, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2006, xx+503.
2006-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5304/1/MPRA_paper_5304.pdf
Aydinonat, N. Emrah (2006): Institutions: Theory, History and Context-Specific Analysis. Published in: History of Economic Ideas , Vol. XIV, No. 3 (2006): pp. 145-158.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5306
2019-09-28T21:04:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5306/
Constant returns to scale and economic theories of value
Naqvi, Nadeem
B00 - General
D51 - Exchange and Production Economies
B40 - General
Jointly with Erkko Etula, Paul Samuelson [2006] claims that the “Leontief – Sraffa matrix equations for input/output must obey constant returns to scale”. However, in an unrelated work, Amartya Sen [2003] claims that Sraffa’s [1960] “analysis does not need any assumption of constant returns to scale.” In fact, Sraffa’s model cannot satisfy this property because it is impossible to define constant returns to scale in it. This claim is considerably stronger than Sen’s. The property of constant returns to scale is significant because it constitutes a line of demarcation between distinct, though interrelated, economic theories of value. (96 words)
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5306/1/MPRA_paper_5306.pdf
Naqvi, Nadeem (2007): Constant returns to scale and economic theories of value.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5387
2019-09-26T15:23:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5387/
Evolutionary Concept, Genetic Algorithm and Exhibition Contract in Movie Industry
Ch'ng, Kean Siang
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
B41 - Economic Methodology
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
The paper is about application of evolutionary concept, particularly
the application of natural selection process, to the study of movie
industry. The importance of the application is that it allows for the
heterogeneity and interdependency of market agents in analyzing the
economic choice decision. This complexity always presents an obstacle
to the study of market behavior, especially when one has to take into
account the constant reinforcing effects among the variables, which
often renders the problem elusive. The paper intends to explain the
economic process, particularly the evolution of exhibition contract,
taking into account this complexity through the use of evolutionary
concept.
2007-09-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5387/1/MPRA_paper_5387.pdf
Ch'ng, Kean Siang (2007): Evolutionary Concept, Genetic Algorithm and Exhibition Contract in Movie Industry.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5585
2019-09-30T17:57:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5585/
Valore e Marx: Perche sono importanti
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
B00 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
A1 - General Economics
This is the Italian version of ‘Value and Marx: why it matters’ which appeared in Vasopollo, L (2002) (ed) ‘Un Vecchio Falso Problema: La Transformazione dei valori in prezzi nel Capital di Marx’, Roma: Laboratoria per la critica sociale.
It was presented at the May 2002 conference organised by the Laboratorio per la critica sociale in Rome.
It summarises the debate to this point on the temporal and simultaneous approaches to value and on the alleged inconsistencies in Marx’s approach.
Keywords: TSSI, MELT, value, Marx, price, profit rate, Okishio, non-equilibrium, equilibrium, money, sraffa
2002-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5585/1/MPRA_paper_5585.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2002): Valore e Marx: Perche sono importanti. Published in: Proteo No. 2001-2 (2002): pp. 52-61.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5590
2019-09-28T16:31:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5590/
Confronting the Evidence: Marx's Historians on the Falling Profit Rate
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
B00 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B40 - General
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
This article presents a detailed textual analysis of Marx’s actual account of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall and attempts to recover the initial logic of the analysis
It sets this against early discussion on Marx’s value theory and shows, in a non-mathematical manner, how a purely physical conception of the profit rate was substituted for the value profit rate, as a consequence of the interpretation of Marx’s value theory within a general equilibrium framework, introduced by Bortkiewicz and subsequently adopted by academic Marxism.
It demonstrates how the consistency of Marx’s logic emerges on the basis of a temporal interpretation of Marx’s value theory.
Presented to the 7th annual conference of the Association for Heterodox Economics, London, sessions on ‘Whig History in Economics and (re) interpretation of theory. City University, July 15-17 2005.
2004-07-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5590/1/MPRA_paper_5590.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2004): Confronting the Evidence: Marx's Historians on the Falling Profit Rate.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5624
2019-10-01T05:10:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503136
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443433
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503132
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3531
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423135
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5624/
Inflation as restructuring. A theoretical and empirical account of the U.S. experience
Nitzan, Jonathan
P16 - Political Economy
B41 - Economic Methodology
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
P12 - Capitalist Enterprises
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
O51 - U.S. ; Canada
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
B15 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
This work is a PhD dissertation, written at the Department of Economics, McGill University. The thesis offers a new framework for inflation as a process of restructuring. Contrary to existing theories of inflation, which tend to take structure and institutions as given for the purpose of analysis, we argue that inflation could be understood only in terms of ongoing structural and institutional change. In the modern context of large-scale business enterprise, inflationary restructuring arises as an integral part of capital accumulation. On the aggregate level, inflation appears as stagflation, with the expansion of pecuniary values in the 'business' sphere depending on the strategic limitation of productive activity in the 'industrial' realm. This stagflationary interaction between 'business' and 'industry' is, in turn, linked (on the disaggregate level) to the dynamic formation and reformation of 'distributional coalitions' and the process of aggregate concentration. An empirical analysis of the U.S. experience between the early 1950s and the late 1980s reveals two regimes of inflationary restructuring: the first, which lasted until 1970, involved rapid increases in aggregate concentration with relatively modest stagflation, whereas the second, post-1970 regime consisted of stable (or even declining) concentration amidst severe stagflation.
1992-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5624/1/MPRA_paper_5624.pdf
Nitzan, Jonathan (1992): Inflation as restructuring. A theoretical and empirical account of the U.S. experience.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5644
2017-12-21T09:10:24Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5663
2019-09-29T04:44:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34
7375626A656374733D47:4730:473030
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5663/
Zelig and the Art of Measuring Excess Profit
magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
C0 - General
M4 - Accounting and Auditing
G00 - General
G30 - General
D46 - Value Theory
B40 - General
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
M2 - Business Economics
This paper tells the story of a student of economics and finance who meets a couple of alleged psychopaths, suffering from the ‘syndrome of Zelig’, so that they think of themselves to be experts of economic and financial issues. While speaking, they come across the concept of excess profit. The student tells them that the formal way to translate excess profit is to apply Stewart’s (1991) EVA model and shows that this model is equivalent to Peccati’s (1987, 1991, 1992) decomposition model of a project’s Net Present (Final) Value. The ‘Zeligs’ listen to him carefully, then try to apply themselves the EVA model: Unfortunately, both She-Zelig and He-Zelig seem to feel uneasy with basic mathematics, so they make some mistakes. Consequently, each of them miscalculates the excess profit. Strangely enough, they make different mistakes but both get to the (correct) Net Final Value of the project and, in addition, their excess profits do coincide. Further, the (biased) models presented by the Zeligs, though different from the EVA model, seem to bear strong relations to the latter. The student is rather surprised.
I give my version of this event, arguing that the Zeligs are offering us a rational way of measuring excess profit, alternative to the standard one (EVA) but equally valuable. As I see it, they are only adopting a different cognitive interpretation of the concept of excess profit, which is based on a counterfactual conditional that differs from Stewart’s and Peccati’s.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5663/1/MPRA_paper_5663.pdf
magni, Carlo Alberto (2006): Zelig and the Art of Measuring Excess Profit. Published in: Frontiers in Finance and Economics , Vol. 1, No. 3 (June 2006): pp. 103-129.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5934
2017-12-21T09:22:29Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5942
2019-09-28T07:15:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D47:4733
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463534
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503136
7375626A656374733D51:5134
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3132
7375626A656374733D59:5933
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443433
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433830
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5942/
The scientist and the church
Nitzan, Jonathan
Bichler, Shimshon
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
F54 - Colonialism ; Imperialism ; Postcolonialism
P16 - Political Economy
Q4 - Energy
D46 - Value Theory
Z12 - Religion
Y3 - Book Reviews (unclassified)
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
B41 - Economic Methodology
C80 - General
N4 - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation
The April 21, 2005 issue of the LONDON REVIEW OF BOOKS carried a lead article titled ‘Blood for Oil?’ The paper is attributed to a group of writers and activists – Iain Boal, T.J. Clark, Joseph Matthews and Michael Watts – who identify themselves by the collective name ‘Retort.’ In their article, the authors advance a supposedly new explanation for the wars in the Middle East.
Much of their explanation – including both theory and fact – is plagiarized. It is cut and pasted, almost ‘as is,’ from our own work. The primary source is ‘The Weapondollar-Petrodollar Coalition,’ a 71 page chapter in our book THE GLOBAL POLITICAL ECONOMY OF ISRAEL (Pluto 2002). The authors also seem inspired, incognito, by our more recent papers, including ‘It’s All About Oil’ (2003), ‘Clash of Civilization or Capital Accumulation?’ (2004), ‘Beyond Neoliberalism’ (2004) and ‘Dominant Capital and the New Wars’ (2004).
In their paper, the Retort group credits us for having coined the term ‘Weapondollar-Petrodollar Coalition’ – but dismiss our ‘precise calibration of the oil/war nexus’ as ‘perfunctory.’ This dismissal does not prevent them from freely appropriating, wholesale fashion, our concepts, ideas and theories – including, among others, the ‘era of free flow,’ the ‘era of limited flow,’ ‘energy conflicts,’ the ‘commercialization of arms exports,’ the ‘politicization of oil’ and the critique of the ‘scarcity thesis.’ Nowhere in their article do the authors mention the source of these concepts, ideas and theories; occasionally, they even introduce them with the prefix ‘Our view is. . . .’ Their treatment of facts is not very different. They freely use (sometimes without understanding) research methods, statistics and data that took us years to conceive, estimate and measure – again, never mentioning the source.
These concepts, theories and facts are far from trivial. Until recently, they were greeted with strategic silence, from both right and left. Their publication has been repeatedly denied and censored by mainstream as well as progressive journals (including, it must be said, by the LONDON REVIEW OF BOOKS, that turned down our paper on the subject). They cannot be found anywhere else in the literature, conservative or radical. To treat them as ‘common knowledge’ is deceitful. To cut and paste them without due attribution is blatant plagiarism. The first part of our paper illustrates this process of ‘intellectual accumulation-by-dispossession’ with selected examples.
The issue, though, goes well beyond personal vanity and self-aggrandizement. At the core, we are dealing here with the clash of science and church, with the constant attempt of organized faith – whether religious or academic – to disable, block and, if necessary, appropriate creativity and novelty. Creativity and novelty are dangerous. They defy dogma and undermine the conventional creed; they challenge the dominant ideology and threaten those in power; occasionally, they cause the entire edifice of power to crumble.
For these reasons, the latent purpose of intellectual accumulation-by-dispossession – like the accumulation of private property – is primarily negative. The word ‘private’ comes from the Latin ‘privatus,’ meaning ‘restricted,’ and from ‘privare,’ which means ‘to deprive.’ And, indeed, the most important feature of private ownership is not to enable those who own, but to disable those who do not. It is only through the threat of prevention – or ‘strategic sabotage’ as Thorsein Veblen called it – that accumulation can take place. It is only by restricting the free creativity of society that society itself can be controlled. The second section of the paper explains how the appropriators of ‘Blood for Oil?’ fit this pattern.
The final section of the paper is an epilogue. It describes our failed attempts to get this paper published with The LONDON REVIEW OF BOOKS; Retort’s efforts to mislead us; and some additional insight from their AFFLICTED POWERS, a 2005 Verso book that contains the same plagiarism and more. The epilogue concludes with a few observations on the nature of academic dialectics.
2005-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5942/1/MPRA_paper_5942.pdf
Nitzan, Jonathan and Bichler, Shimshon (2005): The scientist and the church.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5987
2019-10-03T13:02:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5987/
SHOULD THE UTILITY FUNCTION BE DITCHED?
Dominique, C-Rene
B40 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A10 - General
This note takes a retrospective look at the Utility Construct still in use in economic science and compares it to a new approach based on recent findings in neuroscience. The results show that it is more natural and more compelling to go from the preference order to the price vector. Thus making the non-falsifiable utility apparatus superfluous.
2007-11-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5987/1/MPRA_paper_5987.pdf
Dominique, C-Rene (2007): SHOULD THE UTILITY FUNCTION BE DITCHED?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6067
2019-10-03T18:28:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D43:4331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6067/
Did F. A. Hayek Embrace Popperian Falsificationism? A Critical Comment About Certain Theses of Popper, Duhem and Austrian Methodology
van den Hauwe, Ludwig
E0 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
Hayek´s methodological outlook at the time he engaged in business cycle research was actually closer to praxeological apriorism than to Popperian falsificationism. A consideration of the Duhem thesis highlights the fact that even from a mainstream methodological perspective falsificationism is more problematic than is often realized. Even if the praxeological and mainstream lines of argumentation reject the Popperian emphasis on falsification for different reasons and from a different background, the prospects for falsificationism in economic methodology seem rather bleak.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6067/1/MPRA_paper_6067.pdf
van den Hauwe, Ludwig (2007): Did F. A. Hayek Embrace Popperian Falsificationism? A Critical Comment About Certain Theses of Popper, Duhem and Austrian Methodology. Published in: Procesos de Mercado - Revista Europea de Economía Política , Vol. IV Núm, No. Primavera (2007): pp. 57-78.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6073
2019-09-30T16:40:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6073/
Investment decisions, equivalent risk and bounded rationality
Magni, Carlo Alberto
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
B40 - General
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
M20 - General
G30 - General
The Net Present Value maximizing model shows fallacies and inconsistencies that may be easily unmasked by performing a cognitive analysis of the decision-making process implied by the maximization problem. The model may be conveniently rescued if the maximizing version of the criterion is shunt aside and a boundedly rational interpretation is given. The resulting ‘mixed strategy’, currently in use by many real-life decision makers, opens up terrain to a fruitful
cooperation between bounded and unbounded rationality. This paper is consistent with a fluid and nondichotomous interpretation of dual-process theories.
2007-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6073/1/MPRA_paper_6073.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Investment decisions, equivalent risk and bounded rationality.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6150
2019-09-26T09:40:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6150/
Indian Agriculture in the New Economic Regime, 1971-2003: Empirics based on the Cobb Douglas Production Function
Kamat, Manoj
Tupe, Sanjay
Kamat, Manasvi
Q1 - Agriculture
A1 - General Economics
B4 - Economic Methodology
This paper reviews the trends in Indian Agriculture before and after the introduction of the economic reforms, and the advent of WTO regime. We employ the Cobb Douglas Production Function using the OLS specification to investigate the determinants of agricultural gross domestic product for the period 1970-71 to 2002-03, during pre and post-economic reforms to document the impact of policy change (post-1992) and India’s membership of the WTO (post-1995). Our empirical findings reveal that Indian agriculture sector has witnessed Decreasing Returns to Scale after the introduction of economic reforms, indicating that the input availability is under strain during the same period.
2007-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6150/1/MPRA_paper_6150.pdf
Kamat, Manoj and Tupe, Sanjay and Kamat, Manasvi (2007): Indian Agriculture in the New Economic Regime, 1971-2003: Empirics based on the Cobb Douglas Production Function.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6684
2019-10-01T08:02:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4233
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6684/
NORMATIVE ISSUES IN MARGINALISM: THE CASE OF P. WICKSTEED
Drakopoulos, Stavros A.
B3 - History of Economic Thought: Individuals
B4 - Economic Methodology
ABSTRACT
Phillip Wicksteed’s ideas played an important role in the history of economic methodology. This is because of two reasons: The first was that his views represent the starting point of the deliberate attempt to expel normative issues from marginalist economic analysis. The second reason was that his ideas influenced his disciple L. Robbins, who was one of the first theorists to set the methodological basis for an allegedly value-free economic science. The paper examines Wicksteed’s conception of a positive economic science and the role of normative aspects. In the same context, his views on the nature and the role of economic man, and his analysis of selfish and altruistic behaviour are also discussed. Finally, the work combines the above with Wicksteed’s economic methodology in order to asses his overall role and influence on the development of the trend towards a value-free economic theory.
2007-09-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6684/2/MPRA_paper_6684.pdf
Drakopoulos, Stavros A. (2007): NORMATIVE ISSUES IN MARGINALISM: THE CASE OF P. WICKSTEED.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6712
2019-09-27T10:23:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D45:4533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6712/
The Emperor's Tailor: The Economists and the Crash of ‘98
Freeman, Alan
O1 - Economic Development
B41 - Economic Methodology
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
The paper examines the the profession of economics in the light of its disarray in the face of the financial crash of 1998
We subject the profession to a theoretical and historical enquiry, examining both its reaction to the empirical facts of its failures, and the manner in which its theoretical categories express the material interests to which it is subjected. The aim is not dismiss the profession and its products as simple apologetics, but to uncover the internal structure of its thought and to propose an alternative, critical standard of scientific conduct for economic enquiry under a market economy.
Keywords: Liquidity, Value, Quantification, MELT, MEL, Money, Labour, Marx, TSSI, Temporalism
1999-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6712/1/MPRA_paper_6712.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1999): The Emperor's Tailor: The Economists and the Crash of ‘98.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6713
2019-09-29T00:59:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6713/
Between Two World Systems: A Response to David Laibman
Freeman, Alan
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B0 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
A1 - General Economics
B50 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
Prepublication version of article that appeared as Zarembka, P (ed) Economic Theory of Capitalism and its Crises, Research in Political Economy 17, pp241-48. Stanford, CT: JAI Press.
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/621298/description#description
This article formed part of a four-way exchange on the rate of profit which appeared in Research in Political Economy in 1999 and 2000, between David Laibman, Duncan Foley, Andrew Kliman and Alan Freeman. This piece constituted Freeman’s response to an initial critique by Laibman of the Temporal Single System Interpretation (TSSI) of Marx’s value theory. Applying an alternative valuation to the TSSI, he shows that a rising rate of profit can be deduced where the TSSI finds a falling one; and concludes that temporalism cannot be responsible for TSS results. This is of course true: a falling value profit rate arises from the specific combination of temporalism and valuation by the magnitude of labour time. However Laibman accepts the most important conclusion of TSSI research, namely, it refutes Okishio’s theorem, according to which under no circumstances can the rate of profit fall with cost-saving technical change. Since SSI results exhibit such a circumstance, the theorem is false.
My response goes further to establish the precise conditions under which the value rate of profit falls: The maximum profit rate falls if the value invested, as a proportion of the value of accumulated capital, is greater than the rate of increase in living labour. The response also demonstrates that simultaneous valuation results in a violation of the principle that value can arise only from production, a principle preserved in the TSSI derivation of value.
1999-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6713/1/MPRA_paper_6713.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1999): Between Two World Systems: A Response to David Laibman. Published in: Research in Political Economy No. 17 (April 1999): pp. 241-248.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6715
2019-09-26T22:05:50Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6715/
Two Concepts of Value, Two Rates of Profit, Two Laws of Motion
Freeman, Alan
Kliman, Andrew
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B0 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
A1 - General Economics
B50 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
Article that appeared as Zarembka, P (ed) Economic Theory of Capitalism and its Crises, Research in Political Economy 18, pp241-48. Stanford, CT: JAI Press.
(http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/621298/description#description)
Responds to debate initiated in Research in Political Economy 17
(http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/621907/description#description)
This article formed part of a four-way exchange on the rate of profit which appeared in Research in Political Economy 17 and 18 in 1999 and 2000, between David Laibman, Duncan Foley, Andrew Kliman and Alan Freeman. This piece constituted Freeman and Kliman’s response to the contributions of Foley and Laibman, themselves a response to our reactions to Laibman’s initial critique of the Temporal Single System Interpretation (TSSI) of Marx’s value theory.
Our response establishes that both Laibman and Foley concede the fundamental point in the debate: there exist circumstances under which the rate of profit falls under cost-saving technical change, refuting Okishio’s theorem which states that the rate of profit cannot fall on these presuppositions in any circumstances.
Our response assesses the reasons that, although Okishio’s theorem has been disproved, Marxist authors are unable or unwilling to acknowledge this fact. We dissect the faulty mathematical reasoning that lies behind the following notion: ‘the temporal rate of profit may fall, but it may also rise. Since it does not inevitably fall, Okishio’s theorem holds’. In fact, Okishio’s theorem asserts that the rate of profit may never fall. Therefore, mathematically, if a case is exhibited in which, under Okishio’s assumptions, the rate of profit does fall, the theorem is thereby disproved.
Our response then establishes the general conditions under which the rate of profit does, or does not, fall.
Keywords: TSSI, MELT, value, Marx, price, profit rate, Okishio, non-equilibrium, equilibrium, money
2000-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6715/1/MPRA_paper_6715.pdf
Freeman, Alan and Kliman, Andrew (2000): Two Concepts of Value, Two Rates of Profit, Two Laws of Motion. Published in: Research in Political Economy No. 18 (April 2000): pp. 243-267.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6717
2019-09-28T09:26:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6717/
Rejoinder to Duncan Foley and David Laibman
Kliman, Andrew
Freeman, Alan
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B0 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
A1 - General Economics
B50 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
Article that appeared as Zarembka, P (ed) Economic Theory of Capitalism and its Crises, Research in Political Economy 18, pp285-93. Stanford, CT: JAI Press.
(http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/621298/description#description)
Responds to debate initiated in Research in Political Economy 17
(http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/621907/description#description)
This article formed the final part of a four-way exchange on the rate of profit which appeared in Research in Political Economy 17 and 18 in 1999 and 2000, between David Laibman, Duncan Foley, Andrew Kliman and Alan Freeman. This piece constituted Kliman and Freeman’s final response to the debate around Laibman’s initial critique of the Temporal Single System Interpretation (TSSI) of Marx’s value theory.
Keywords: TSSI, MELT, value, Marx, price, profit rate, Okishio, non-equilibrium, equilibrium, money
2000-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6717/1/MPRA_paper_6717.pdf
Kliman, Andrew and Freeman, Alan (2000): Rejoinder to Duncan Foley and David Laibman. Published in: Research in Political Economy No. 18 (April 2000): pp. 285-293.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6722
2019-09-26T09:26:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6722/
Geld (Money)
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
B00 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
A1 - General Economics
This is the English language version of the entry on ‘Money’ (‘Geld’) in the ‘Historisch Kritisch Wörterbuch des Marxismus’, a comprehensive dictionary of Marxist terminology being produced as an accompaniment to the Marx-Engels-Gesamt-Arbeite (Marx-Engels collected works), a comprehensive critical edition of the works of Marx and Engels
The German-language version is available separately on this site
‘Geld’, entry in Historisch Kritisch Wörterbuch des Marxismus, Band 5: Gegenöffentlichkeit–Hegemonialapparat. Hamburg: Argument-Verlag, ISBN 3-88619-435-3
2004-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6722/1/MPRA_paper_6722.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2004): Geld (Money). Published in: Historisch Kritisch Wörterbuch des Marxismus, Band 5: Gegenöffentlichkeit–Hegemonialapparat. No. Band 5 (May 2004)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6724
2019-09-28T04:32:29Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6724/
Geld
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
B00 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
A1 - General Economics
This is a prepublication version of the German language version of the entry on ‘Money’ (‘Geld’) in the ‘Historisch Kritisch Wörterbuch des Marxismus’, a comprehensive dictionary of Marxist terminology being produced as an accompaniment to the Marx-Engels-Gesamt-Arbeite (Marx-Engels collected works), a comprehensive critical edition of the works of Marx and Engels
The English-language version is available separately on this site
‘Geld’, entry in Historisch Kritisch Wörterbuch des Marxismus, Band 5: Gegenöffentlichkeit–Hegemonialapparat. Hamburg: Argument-Verlag, ISBN 3-88619-435-3
2004-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6724/1/MPRA_paper_6724.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2004): Geld. Published in: Historisch Kritisch Wörterbuch des Marxismus, Band 5: Gegenöffentlichkeit–Hegemonialapparat. No. Band 5 (May 2004)
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6743
2019-09-27T11:14:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6743/
Value, Price of Production and Market Price
Freeman, Alan
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B40 - General
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B0 - General
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
A1 - General Economics
B50 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
This entry, submitted to Philip O’Hara’s Encyclopedia of Political Economy but not included in it, contrasts the temporal and simultaneist approaches to the formation of price and its relation to value.
Keywords: price, value, transformation, Marx, TSSI, non-equilibrium, history of economic thought
2000-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6743/1/MPRA_paper_6743.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2000): Value, Price of Production and Market Price.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6767
2019-09-28T04:42:00Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443032
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6767/
Teoría de Elección Racional: estructura conceptual y evolución reciente.
Abitbol, Pablo
Botero, Felipe
B40 - General
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
This article hopes to facilitate dialogue within political studies by presenting a general description of the conceptual structure of Rational Choice Theory, RCT. The main goal is to present precisely and concretely the basic precepts of RCT both on its original formulation and on the adjustments that have been adopted in reply to internal and external critiques.Thus, it presents a brief discussion about how the acknowledgement of the theory’s limitations has guided some aspects of its recent evolution. The article concludes with some brief reflections on the usefulness of RCT in political science, not aimed at discussing the applicability of RCT in the social sciences, a discussion beyond the scope of the paper, but to initiate a discussion about how RCT constitutes itself as a theoretical framework that facilitates dialogue within the discipline.
2006-03-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6767/1/MPRA_paper_6767.pdf
Abitbol, Pablo and Botero, Felipe (2006): Teoría de Elección Racional: estructura conceptual y evolución reciente. Published in: Colombia Internacional No. 62 : pp. 132-145.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6811
2019-09-28T16:30:43Z
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7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6811/
Reply to some objections
Freeman, Alan
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B41 - Economic Methodology
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This article responds to a number of criticisms of the TSSI (sequential non-dualist) approach to the theory of value, in particular Duncan Foley’s 1997 review of Freeman and Carchedi (eds) Marx and non-equilibrium Economics, and comments from Fred Moseley in exchanges on the OPE-L discussion list.
It deals in particular with the issue of the revaluation of capital arising from price changes and inventory adjustment. It establishes that the equilibrium interpretation of Marx’s value theory leads to the creation of value out of nothing (that is, without labour) in circumstances where values are rising, for example, due to poor harvests, or as a direct or indirect result of shortages of raw inputs such as metals.
Keywords: TSSI, MELT, value, Marx, price, profit rate, Okishio, non-equilibrium, equilibrium, money
1998-09-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6811/1/MPRA_paper_6811.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): Reply to some objections.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6812
2019-09-28T03:57:09Z
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7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6812/
An Invasive Metaphor: the Concept of Centre of Gravity in Economics
Freeman, Alan
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B4 - Economic Methodology
B31 - Individuals
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This paper undertakes a critical examination of the concept of 'centre of gravity' as adapted by economics from classical mechanics, relating it to the idea of 'long-run' profits, prices and quantities, as presented in the work of the post-Sraffians.(1) It will also address the origin of this concept of 'long-run' in Marshall's distinction between long-run and short-run determinations of economic magnitudes.
It shows that economists have generally conceived of centre of gravity as a theoretical magnitude which is not observed, but around which observed magnitudes oscillate either randomly or in some deterministic manner; this much is generally agreed. This idea has, however, been interpreted in two distinct ways in the history of economic thought:
(1) as an attractor dynamically determined at each point in time by path-dependent historical processes which have led the economy to be in its present state.
(2) as a hypothetical static equilibrium state of the
economy determined independent of history by its current exogenous parameters (utility, technical capacity, etc)
It demonstrates that these two ideas are necessarily distinct and that both must be taken into account in any pluralistic research programme. Mathematically the attractor of a variable is not in general equal to its hypothetical static equilibrium, except in highly restricted circumstances such as the absence of technical change. Moreover, again outside of exceptional circumstances, the divergence between the predictions of observed magnitudes given by the two approaches increases over time, so that it cannot even be accepted that one converges on the other. Error will therefore result if it is assumed a priori that (1) is identical to (2).
The fact that the two conceptions lead to different predictions does not decide that either one is correct. This should be determined empirically and therefore, an agreed empirical test should be established by the community of social scientists or, better still, society.
The paper will argue that, empirically, the 'test variable' against which both conceptions should be checked is the time average of the variables in question. This is not a distinct concept of 'centre of gravity' but an empirical observable.
In a pluralistic programme, the predictions of both
conceptions should be evaluated against this proposed test variable.
The second part of the paper examines the common basis for the critical stance taken by both Keynes and Marx to the second conception, which is rooted in a common attitude to the relation between substance and accident, and a correspondingly similar conception of uncertainty. It will relate this to the work of Quetelet and the development of the statistical method in sociology which, it will argue, is rooted in an ontologically distinct conception of social magnitudes to that found in economics, closer to the concept which Keynes and Marx shared.
It argues that the post-Sraffian conception of long-run is based on a fallacious identification of these two distinct concepts, rendering the post-Sraffian approach equally incompatible with Keynes's and Marx's theories.
It argues that the post-Sraffian conception of centre of gravity is 'intrinsically antipluralistic' in that it depends absolutely on the conflation of two concepts which are in fact necessarily distinct, leading to the suppression of the non-equilibrium concept as an alternative to the scientific procedure of testing the predictions of both concepts against an observable.
2006-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6812/1/MPRA_paper_6812.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2006): An Invasive Metaphor: the Concept of Centre of Gravity in Economics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6825
2019-10-13T23:52:16Z
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7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
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7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6825/
An Explanation to Individual Knowledge and Behavior Based on Empirical Substrates
Zhao, Liang
Zhu, Xian Chen
B31 - Individuals
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
B25 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary ; Austrian
B41 - Economic Methodology
B53 - Austrian
Using recent findings from modern empirical disciplines and mainly building on F.A.Hayek’s thoughts, the paper gives a definition of knowledge in accord with the Austrian School’s tradition, and basing on the definition, it sums up three behavior assumptions and a framework on explaining individual behavior and expounds ideas on hierarchical knowledge and its change in real situations. By this way, the paper believes that the Austrian School can be greatly advanced with the help of modern empirical findings.
2008-01-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6825/1/MPRA_paper_6825.pdf
Zhao, Liang and Zhu, Xian Chen (2008): An Explanation to Individual Knowledge and Behavior Based on Empirical Substrates.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6831
2019-09-27T17:25:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D42:4232
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6831/
The modernity of backwardness
Freeman, Alan
O1 - Economic Development
O10 - General
O30 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
B2 - History of Economic Thought since 1925
B00 - General
This paper revisits one of the classic debates on world capitalist development – the ‘transition to capitalism’ debate framed in Robert Brenner’s classic critique of World Systems and Dependency Theory.
It was originally presented to the July 2007 conference of the International Confederation for Pluralism in Economics (ICAPE) and in a slightly modified form, to the September 2007 conference of the UK Political Studies Association.
The paper argues that the 1970s discussion was founded on an deeply flawed understanding of the mechanisms by which modern capitalist production relations produce what is termed ‘backwardness’.
Economics has failed to develop an adequate explanation for the most persistent phenomenon of the modern world – the polarisation of the world’s national economies, grouped within two great and remarkably geographically stable blocs.
The reason, I argue in this paper, is the general equilibrium paradigm which predicts that modern capitalist production, left to its own devices, must necessarily even out national differences in productivity, wages, and profits over time. However the reverse happens, and development theory is deprived of an adequate explanation for national differentiation in terms of the ordinary mechanisms of the capitalist market.
This loss is compounded by parallel failure within Marxist value theory. The paper locates the origin of this failure within the systematic replacement of this theory by an equilibrium re-interpretation of it, converting it into a variant of the very orthodoxy to which it was supposed to offer an alternative.
The paper assesses the skewed character which results, in contemporary accounts (both within and outside economics) of development, dependency, inequality and imperialism. These are driven to assign inappropriate weight to ‘political and ‘cultural’ mechanisms or to classify the economic circumstances of the poor nations as in some sense exceptional or abnormal for capitalism. The idea that underdevelopment – ‘backwardness’ – is a failure to catch up or an absence of modernity, has thus become the conceptual framework for discussing the national difference produced by modernity.
This is particularly clear in the evidently symbiotic and mutually conditioned development of slavery in the USA and the Industrial Revolution (with Cotton at its centre) in the UK. Antebellum slavery, once the economic mechanisms are clarified, can be understood not as a backward survival from a precapitalist era, but a product of modern capitalism itself.
This principle is a general one. ‘Backwardness’, I argue, is a disguised outcome of the most modern of all economic processes – the constant technical revolutions that characterise industrial capitalism.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6831/1/MPRA_paper_6831.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2007): The modernity of backwardness.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6832
2019-10-04T10:35:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413232
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6832/
Catechism versus pluralism: the heterodox response to the national undergraduate curriculum proposed by the UK Quality Assurance Authority
Freeman, Alan
A22 - Undergraduate
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
B4 - Economic Methodology
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
A14 - Sociology of Economics
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
Paper presented to the 2007 conference of the International Confederation for Pluralism in Economics (ICAPE), June 1-3, Salt Lake City, Utah.
This paper was authored by myself following consultations, and submitted collectively by the Association for Heterodox Economics, as a result of a consultation request issued by the QAA (Quality Assurance Authority) for responses to the ‘benchmark’ statement for the subject of economics. The benchmark statement seeks to define what will in future be considered the prescriptive standard for economics undergraduate teaching in the UK and in UK-certified institutions abroad. The QAA is responsible for the maintenance of academic standards in the UK and although a non-governmental body, plays a strong role in transmitting government requirements to the higher education sector. The benchmark thus represents the first attempt in UK history to regulate what is considered ‘good’ teaching in economics. It is a highly neoclassical and orthodox document and, it is argued in the AHE response, entirely lacking in a pluralist perspective. It represents an important landmark in that it sets out the consensus, among orthodox academics, of what the ‘mainstream’ consists of and how it should be taught.
The paper presented at this session represents the consensus, highly critical, response of UK heterodox economists and social scientists to the QAA benchmark statement. It also contains a comparison between the economics benchmark and that proposed by other social sciences, which suggests that economics stands in an isolated position in its attempt to define its field of enquiry by means of a strict prescriptive orthodoxy.
Keywords: Economics Teaching, Pluralism, Heterodox Economics
2007-06-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6832/1/MPRA_paper_6832.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2007): Catechism versus pluralism: the heterodox response to the national undergraduate curriculum proposed by the UK Quality Assurance Authority.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6833
2019-09-26T21:51:43Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6833/
Crisis and the Poverty of Nations: Two Market Products Which Value Explains Better
Freeman, Alan
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
O30 - General
O10 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
This article appeared as ‘Crisis and the Poverty of Nations: Two Market Products Which Value Explains Better’, Symposium on Robert Brenner and the World Crisis, Historical Materialism No.5, Winter 1999, pp 29-77. London: LSE. ISSN 0 9532171 4 0
The original can be referenced at http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/brill/hm/1999/00000005/00000001;jsessionid=3ov2260kgo9po.henrietta
The article demonstrates using empirical data, that the concept of value is required to understand three phenomena, produced by the market, which call its own existence into question.
*(crisis – a sharp and well-defined interruption in growth, accompanied by a fall in money profits, a rise in unemployment, and a sudden fall in asset prices – every 7-12 years;
*general crisis – prolonged 20-40 year phases of relatively slow growth, accompanied by a declining average profit rate, permanent unemployment, economic turbulence and political instability (including war, racism, and rising barbarism) alternating with 15-30 year phases of stable rapid growth.
*long term growth in inequality between nations. The gap between rich and poor countries has grown for a hundred and fifty years almost without remission, accelerating sharply since 1981 at the onset of ‘globalisation’ – the re-construction of a unified world market.
Keywords: crisis, inequality, Brenner, Value, profit rate, long waves, world systems, TSSI, temporalism
1999-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6833/1/MPRA_paper_6833.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1999): Crisis and the Poverty of Nations: Two Market Products Which Value Explains Better. Published in: HIstorical Materialism No. 5 (November 1999): pp. 29-77.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6836
2019-09-29T07:15:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D42:4232
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6836/
Explaining national inequality: the relevance of Marx and the irrelevance of equilibrium
Freeman, Alan
O1 - Economic Development
O10 - General
O30 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
B2 - History of Economic Thought since 1925
B00 - General
This paper was originally presented at the ‘Marxism and Political Economy’ conference called by the International Socialist Journal on Saturday 29th September 2007. A revised version was presented to the Historical Materialism conference on 13th November 2007. It enquires why, although national economic equality is one of the most persistent features of the history of capitalism, economics as yet lacks a coherent economic explanation of it. It also enquires why Marxism has failed to develop such an explanation, and concludes that in both cases the inadequacies of existing theory arise from the constraints of the general equilibrium paradigm. In the second case, however, this paradigm is wrongly attributed to Marx.
The paper argues that Marx’s own, original theory of value, contains the basis for an economic mechanism of divergence in the formation of market value as the average of many producers of differing productivities. The persistence of productivity differentials – excluded by the general equilibrium paradigm – is maintained by a positive feedback mechanism. It yields a surplus (above average) profit to the high productivity producers, who become geographically concentrated within a definite and very stable block of nation-states at an early point in the history of capitalism. From then on, this extra profit could be invested in maintaining a permanent productivity lead. This is an entirely temporal effect and cannot be predicted or reproduced if it is pre-supposed that productivity differentials are ignorable.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6836/1/MPRA_paper_6836.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2007): Explaining national inequality: the relevance of Marx and the irrelevance of equilibrium.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6890
2019-09-26T20:20:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6890/
Replicating Marx: a Reply to Mohun
Kliman, Andrew
Freeman, Alan
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B4 - Economic Methodology
B31 - Individuals
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This is a prepublication version of ‘Replicating Marx: a reply to Mohun’, Capital and Class No. 88, Spring 2006, pp 117-123. ISSN 0309 8168
Kliman (2001) showed that “simultaneist” interpretations – those which hold that Marx valued inputs and outputs simultaneously – contradict his exploitation theory of profit, while the temporal single-system interpretation (TSSI) conforms to it. Mohun, S. 2003. “On the TSSI and the Exploitation Theory of Profit,” Capital and Class 81, Autumn 2003, pp85-102. calls these demonstrations into question. This note defends them.
2006-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6890/1/MPRA_paper_6890.pdf
Kliman, Andrew and Freeman, Alan (2006): Replicating Marx: a Reply to Mohun. Published in: Capital and Class No. 88 (April 2006): pp. 117-123.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6891
2019-09-27T03:49:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6891/
Simultaneous Valuation vs. the Exploitation Theory of Profit: A summing up
Freeman, Alan
Kliman, Andrew
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B4 - Economic Methodology
B31 - Individuals
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
Prepublication version of ‘Simultaneous Valuation vs. the Exploitation Theory of Profit: A summing up’, forthcoming in Capital and Class #94, Spring 2008
This paper examines the claims made by Simon Mohun and Roberto Veneziani in their Capital and Class #92 article entitled ‘The incoherence of the TSSI: a reply to Kliman and Freeman’. We show that they have effectively conceded that simultaneist interpretations of Marx’s theory contradict his conclusion that exploitation (workers’ surplus labor) is the exclusive source of profit in capitalism. We demonstrate the errors of logic in their claim that the TSS interpretation is incoherent.
The debate thus confirms that the TSS interpretation – contrary to simultaneist interpretations – reproduce all Marx’s principal disputed conclusions and therefore constitutes a superior interpretation of his theory of value.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6891/1/MPRA_paper_6891.pdf
Freeman, Alan and Kliman, Andrew (2008): Simultaneous Valuation vs. the Exploitation Theory of Profit: A summing up. Published in: Capital and Class No. 94 (January 2008)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6892
2019-09-28T11:46:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6892/
Die Himmel über uns: Über die Bedeutung des Gleichgewichts für die Wirtschaftswissenschaft
Freeman, Alan
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
B4 - Economic Methodology
B31 - Individuals
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
This article was published in Freeman, Alan (2006): Die Himmel über uns. Über die Bedeutung des Gleichgewichts für die Wirtschaftswissenschaft, EXIT! Krise und Kritik der Warengesellschaft 3, 212-241
It is the German translation of an chapter originally published in Mosini, V (ed) (2007) Equilibrium in Economics: Scope and Limits. London: Routledge ISBN 0415391377 It was entitled ‘Heavens above: what equilibrium means for economics’, and appeared on pp240-260.
The book was devoted to a dialogue between the natural and the social sciences on the concept of equilibrium, arising from a series of seminars organised by the Centre for the Political and Natural Sciences by Valeria Mosini, in 2006.
In this article I suggest how a natural scientist can understand the use which economics makes of the word ‘equilibrium’. I argue that a simple concept, unexceptionable for the study of many physical phenomena, has been transformed into something completely different. If, therefore, we naively expect to find it applied in economics in the same way as ‘energy’ in physics or ‘molecule’ in chemistry, as a means of describing and explaining what an impartial observer may independently verify, we will misunderstand its real significance.
My basic thesis is that the educated public makes a mistake in accepting, at face value, the claim that economics conducts itself as a science. I will argue that, as at present practiced, it conducts itself as a religion. I argue that the concept of equilibrium is the organising principle of this religion.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6892/1/MPRA_paper_6892.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2006): Die Himmel über uns: Über die Bedeutung des Gleichgewichts für die Wirtschaftswissenschaft. Published in: EXIT! Krise und Kritik der Warengesellschaft No. 3 (2006): pp. 212-241.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6894
2019-10-08T16:27:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D48:4835
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6894/
Measuring the UK Economy
Freeman, Alan
E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy
B4 - Economic Methodology
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
Prepublication version of ‘Measuring the UK Economy’, in Dorling, D. and Simpson, S. (1999) Statistics and Society, p361-369. London Arnold. ISBN 0 340 71994 X.
This article demonstrates that the System of National Accounts (SNA) implicitly specify a conception of value. They divide all productive activities into those which create value (paid labour and capital, the factors of production) and those which merely transmit pre-existing value such as the state, or which are not treated as creative of value at all, such as unpaid labour. The measures of output derived from the System of National Accounts are consequently not factually neutral or objective but arise from a specific conception of value. As Anwar Shaikh and Ertugrul Tonak have shown, a different concept of value – such as the idea that labour only is productive of value leads to a different set of measures of output arise, both for the economy as a whole and for each sector.
The article shows how to transform the national accounts of the UK from their present form to one in which only labour is considered productive of value.
1999
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6894/1/MPRA_paper_6894.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1999): Measuring the UK Economy. Published in: in Dorling, D. and Simpson, S. (1999) Statistics and Society,. London Arnold. ISBN 0 340 71994 X. (1999): pp. 361-369.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6917
2019-09-27T11:54:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5135
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463137
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453430
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6917/
Algorithm of Monetary Exchange in Manoilescu Generalised Scheme
Dogaru, Vasile
Q5 - Environmental Economics
F17 - Trade Forecasting and Simulation
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
B4 - Economic Methodology
E40 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
In a monetary competitive economy, the economic entities from the most countries are depending, in the international economic relations, on the existence of a foreign currency accepted in this operation and consequently on exchange rate between the currency from the specific state and this currency. The increase of the products’ exchange through the currency price allows us to study, from an analytical point of view, the most popular of the cases from the international trade: the export or import of merchandise which is not conditioned by the reverse operation of another product. The study will need to take into consideration some changes regarding the requirement of a simple exchange, with two products, which are necessary for the comprehension of this trade process. Firstly, in any analysis which regards an unilateral export operation of products, import or export not reciprocal connected, the partner’s internal prices aren’t observed as a rule such as in a simple exchange are. Now, the analysis necessarily needs to include the currency’s use matter, which is possible to be appreciated or depreciated in the “depositing” stage. Our main observation direction isn’t to at least collaterally follow this phenomenon, which is considered important regarding the imperceptible change of the currency’s instrument role.
2007-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6917/2/MPRA_paper_6917.pdf
Dogaru, Vasile (2007): Algorithm of Monetary Exchange in Manoilescu Generalised Scheme. Published in: ANNALS of the ORADEA UNIVERSITY, Fascicle of Management and Technological Engineering , Vol. 1, No. Volume VI (XVI) (May 2007): pp. 2549-2557.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6919
2019-09-30T04:18:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513332
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463137
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6919/
Trade Costs Algorithm in Manoilescu Generalised Scheme
Dogaru, Vasile
Q32 - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
F17 - Trade Forecasting and Simulation
B41 - Economic Methodology
The study of the comparative advantage’s scheme, using the modified prices because of the trade costs in terms of a real two product barter, brings us on a “previous” position towards the merchandise exchange using the currency. In this new algorithm of scheme, the remarks include in the formal analytical plan the prices’ increase cases, determined by the tariff and non-tariff measures and also by the reduction ones through subventions or other similar measures of these. Through the national/regional existence of some of these measures (Hagen, 1958) is supposed to be a sustainer of the optimum economic behavior (more efficient) of the exchange agents, found in a certain economic space and time, and also in an economic environment expected due to the introduction of this kind of economic and financial instruments. The observation of the way how the trade costs influence, comprehended in the widest meaning possible, assures the partial observation of the national interest’s interference with the individual one through the legal and economical norms, necessary to be sent in the hierarchy’s synchronize (similar and simultaneous) of the products over the comparative advantage measured through gains from trade with the established one according to the efficiency. The effects determined by the efficiency’s modification – as it will be deducted in the second stage of Manoilescu generalized scheme – are included in the comparative advantage’s size. The trade costs’ case represents in a certain way the repetition of the one of the same initial internal and international prices’ usage in a barter exchange. The main remark is that now a higher consumption of resources takes place because of the products’ transfer to and from far economic areas and also in connection with some national custom house’s pass beyond which other legal and economic standards, usually, are used.
2007-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6919/2/MPRA_paper_6919.pdf
Dogaru, Vasile (2007): Trade Costs Algorithm in Manoilescu Generalised Scheme. Published in: ANNALS of the ORADEA UNIVERSITY, Fascicle of Management and Technological Engineering , Vol. 1, No. Volume VI (XVI) (May 2007): pp. 2558-2571.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6965
2019-09-28T09:49:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423533
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423439
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6965/
John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises on Probability
van den Hauwe, Ludwig
B50 - General
B53 - Austrian
B40 - General
B49 - Other
C00 - General
B00 - General
The economic paradigms of Ludwig von Mises on the one hand and of John Maynard Keynes on the other have been correctly recognized as antithetical at the theoretical level, and as antagonistic with respect to their practical and public policy implications. Characteristically they have also been vindicated by opposing sides of the political spectrum. Nevertheless the respective views of these authors with respect to the meaning and interpretation of probability exhibit a closer conceptual affinity than has been acknowledged in the literature. In particular it is argued that in some relevant respects Ludwig von Mises´ interpretation of the concept of probability exhibits a closer affinity with the interpretation of probability developed by his opponent John Maynard Keynes than with the views on probability espoused by his brother Richard von Mises. Nevertheless there also exist significant differences between the views of Ludwig von Mises and those of John Maynard Keynes with respect to probability. One of these is highlighted more particularly: where John Maynard Keynes advocated a monist view of probability, Ludwig von Mises embraced a dualist view of probability, according to which the concept of probability has two different meanings each of which is valid in a particular area or context. It is concluded that both John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises presented highly nuanced views with respect to the meaning and interpretation of probability.
2007-03-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6965/1/MPRA_paper_6965.pdf
van den Hauwe, Ludwig (2007): John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises on Probability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7024
2019-09-30T21:49:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7024/
Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons
Khan, Haider
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
Milton Friedman’s “The Methodology of Positive Economies” is still one of the most widely read pieces on economic methodology. One reason for this might be Friedman’s attractive proposal that economists use theories and hypotheses as pragmatic devices to summarize data and make predictions over the relevant range of observations. Logically, this should lead to a fair minded comparison among many contending theories. However, Friedman's actual examples and discussion of these examples raise a puzzle. The field of comparison seems unduly narrow from the beginning. In my attempt to resolve this, I consider some logical and ontological problems for Friedman's position. I end up by suggesting a scientific realist approach to testing theories by causal comparisons over a wide field of contending theories.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7024/1/MPRA_paper_7024.pdf
Khan, Haider (2005): Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7429
2019-09-26T19:31:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423533
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423439
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7429/
John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises on Probability
van den Hauwe, Ludwig
B50 - General
B53 - Austrian
B40 - General
B49 - Other
C00 - General
B00 - General
The economic paradigms of Ludwig von Mises on the one hand and of John Maynard Keynes on the other have been correctly recognized as antithetical at the theoretical level, and as antagonistic with respect to their practical and public policy implications. Characteristically they have also been vindicated by opposing sides of the political spectrum. Nevertheless the respective views of these authors with respect to the meaning and interpretation of probability exhibit a closer conceptual affinity than has been acknowledged in the literature. In particular it is argued that in some relevant respects Ludwig von Mises´ interpretation of the concept of probability exhibits a closer affinity with the interpretation of probability developed by his opponent John Maynard Keynes than with the views on probability espoused by his brother Richard von Mises. Nevertheless there also exist significant differences between the views of Ludwig von Mises and those of John Maynard Keynes with respect to probability. One of these is highlighted more particularly: where John Maynard Keynes advocated a monist view of probability, Ludwig von Mises embraced a dualist view of probability, according to which the concept of probability has two different meanings each of which is valid in a particular area or context. It is concluded that both John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises presented highly nuanced views with respect to the meaning and interpretation of probability.
2007-03-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7429/1/MPRA_paper_7429.pdf
van den Hauwe, Ludwig (2007): John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises on Probability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7451
2019-09-26T09:25:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433631
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7451/
Investment decisions, net present value and bounded rationality
Magni, Carlo Alberto
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
D46 - Value Theory
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis
M21 - Business Economics
B41 - Economic Methodology
The Net Present Value maximizing model has a respectable ancestry and is considered by most scholars a theoretically sound decision model. In real-life applications, decision makers use the NPV rule, but apply a subjectively determined hurdle rate, as opposed to the allegedly correct opportunity cost of capital. According to a euristics-and-biases-program approach, this implies that the hurdle-rate rule is a biased heuristic. This papers shows that the hurdle-rate rule may be interpreted as a fruitful strategy of bounded rationality, where several important element are integrated and condensed into an aspiration level. This paper also addresses the issue of a fruitful cooperation between bounded and unbounded rationality, of which the heuristic NPV is one significant example.
2005-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7451/1/MPRA_paper_7451.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2005): Investment decisions, net present value and bounded rationality.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7456
2019-09-27T00:39:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423132
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7456/
Dialectical Logic and Self-consciousness: Some Preliminary Remarks on Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit and Science of Logic
Khan, Haider
B12 - Classical (includes Adam Smith)
B40 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
The purpose of this note is to explore briefly the role that a dialectical development of logical understanding and consciousness plays in Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit with some references to his Science of Logic. The role played by the logic of ontological development is emphasized. Furthermore, the role of human laboring activity in particular in Hegel is singled out as an area where thinking can redirect itself to return from the heights of speculative thought to a this-worldly development of freedom through a series of internal and dialectical contradictions. In line with this approach, Hegel's non-atomistic characterization of the individual in society can also be seen in a new light.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7456/1/MPRA_paper_7456.pdf
Khan, Haider (2008): Dialectical Logic and Self-consciousness: Some Preliminary Remarks on Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit and Science of Logic.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7457
2019-10-06T04:22:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423130
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7457/
Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons (with a postscript on positive vs. normative theories)
Khan, Haider A.
B10 - General
B31 - Individuals
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
B00 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
Milton Friedman’s “The Methodology of Positive Economies” is still one of the most widely read pieces on economic methodology. One reason for this might be Friedman’s attractive proposal that economists use theories and hypotheses as pragmatic devices to summarize data and make predictions over the relevant range of observations. Logically, this should lead to a fair minded comparison among many contending theories. However, Friedman's actual examples and discussion of these examples raise a puzzle. The field of comparison seems unduly narrow from the beginning. In my attempt to resolve this, I consider some logical and ontological problems for Friedman's position. I end up by suggesting a scientific realist approach to testing theories by causal comparisons over a wide field of contending theories.
2008-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7457/1/MPRA_paper_7457.pdf
Khan, Haider A. (2008): Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons (with a postscript on positive vs. normative theories).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7458
2019-09-28T09:43:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7458/
Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons (with a postscript on positive vs. normative theories)
Khan, Haider
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
B41 - Economic Methodology
Milton Friedman’s “The Methodology of Positive Economies” is still one of the most widely read pieces on economic methodology. One reason for this might be Friedman’s attractive proposal that economists use theories and hypotheses as pragmatic devices to summarize data and make predictions over the relevant range of observations. Logically, this should lead to a fair minded comparison among many contending theories. However, Friedman's actual examples and discussion of these examples raise a puzzle. The field of comparison seems unduly narrow from the beginning. In my attempt to resolve this, I consider some logical and ontological problems for Friedman's position. I end up by suggesting a scientific realist approach to testing theories by causal comparisons over a wide field of contending theories.
2008-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7458/1/MPRA_paper_7458.pdf
Khan, Haider (2008): Friedman’s Methodology: A Puzzle and A Proposal for Generating Useful Debates through Causal Comparisons (with a postscript on positive vs. normative theories).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7525
2019-09-26T20:17:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7525/
Valore Aggiunto Sistemico: un'alternativa all'EVA quale indice di sovraprofitto periodale
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
M41 - Accounting
C0 - General
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
M21 - Business Economics
B41 - Economic Methodology
This work presents a notion of residual income called Systemic Value Added (SVA). It is antithetic to Stewart’s (1991) EVA, though it is consistent with it in overall terms: a project’s Net Final Value (NFV) can be computed as the sum of capitalized EVAs or as the sum of uncapitalized SVAs. As a result, SVA and EVA decompose the NFV in different ways. Two numerical examples show the application of the model proposed. The two notions are the result of a different cognitive approach. The existence of possible formal translations of the residual income concept induces to regard residual income as a mere conventional notion.
2001-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7525/1/MPRA_paper_7525.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2001): Valore Aggiunto Sistemico: un'alternativa all'EVA quale indice di sovraprofitto periodale. Published in: Budget , Vol. 1, No. 25 (January 2001): pp. 63-71.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7629
2019-09-28T18:12:51Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423134
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423439
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3132
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7629/
Family evolution and contemporary social transformations
Sergio, Reuben
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
B14 - Socialist ; Marxist
H31 - Household
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
B49 - Other
J12 - Marriage ; Marital Dissolution ; Family Structure ; Domestic Abuse
D60 - General
In the first place, this paper intends to analyze the kind of relationships existing inside the family. In order to do that, the author makes an effort to reconsider its historical forming process applying the classical anthropological texts. At this stage, the analysis proposes two different types of relationships between human beings, the primal, which arose from the most elementary feelings of love, protection, accompaniment, and the strictly social, risen from the needs of cooperation and collective work. The family is the expression of both kinds of relationships. In the second place, this work analyzes the nuclear family as a result of a historical process associated to the development of capital and the social conditions that make possible its consolidation. And in the third place, the author proposes the discussion on the crisis of the nuclear family under the perspective of the contemporary global transformation of the accumulation of capital. As a conclusion: some reflections on the perspectives that these transformations offer to the role of the family.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7629/1/MPRA_paper_7629.pdf
Sergio, Reuben (2005): Family evolution and contemporary social transformations. Published in: Journal of comparative Family Studies , Vol. 37, No. No. 4
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7695
2019-09-26T13:48:00Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7695/
Improving poverty measurement in Sri Lanka
Gunewardena, Dileni
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
B41 - Economic Methodology
The past few years have seen great progress in the area of poverty measurement, both in terms of the development and consolidation of best practice, and in conceptual and methodological advances. This study examines poverty measurement in Sri Lanka against the backdrop of these developments, reviewing 22 poverty measurement studies over the period 1969-2002. It evaluates existing sources of data for poverty measurement, and makes recommendations that identify priority actions for improvement, key players in the process and what steps need to be taken.
2004-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7695/1/MPRA_paper_7695.pdf
Gunewardena, Dileni (2004): Improving poverty measurement in Sri Lanka. Published in: (May 2005): pp. 1-80.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7763
2019-09-27T19:17:56Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7763/
Valore Aggiunto Sistemico: un'alternativa all'EVA quale indice di sovraprofitto periodale
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
M41 - Accounting
C0 - General
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
M21 - Business Economics
B41 - Economic Methodology
This work presents a notion of residual income called Systemic Value Added (SVA). It is antithetic to Stewart’s (1991) EVA, though it is consistent with it in overall terms: a project’s Net Final Value (NFV) can be computed as the sum of capitalized EVAs or as the sum of uncapitalized SVAs. As a result, SVA and EVA decompose the NFV in different ways. Two numerical examples show the application of the model proposed. The two notions are the result of a different cognitive approach. The existence of possible formal translations of the residual income concept induces to regard residual income as a mere conventional notion.
2001-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7763/1/MPRA_paper_7763.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2001): Valore Aggiunto Sistemico: un'alternativa all'EVA quale indice di sovraprofitto periodale. Published in: Budget , Vol. 1, No. 25 (January 2001): pp. 63-71.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7861
2019-10-07T16:50:28Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7861/
Disparities regarding life quality in Central and Eastern European Countries
Danacica, Daniela-Emanuela
Babucea, Ana-Gabriela
Caruntu, Constantin
B40 - General
C40 - General
The analysis of social indicators and the analysis of life quality are very important in order to know, in time, the changes of the main social and economic phenomena that characterize a society. To monitor the social system is a priority of modern societies because it helps to identify in time the changes of unemployment main aspects, health of population, person’s level of security, educational level, life satisfaction, and even the subjective part of life quality.
The increase of life quality has to be a purpose of social and economic politics. Taking into consideration the progress and especially the life standard attained by the developed countries of the world, each country that presents deficiencies in social politics has to identify the best measures as an answer to the existing social needs.
This research aims to study the disparities regarding life quality in the following Central and Eastern European Countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Austria, Latvia, Lithuania, FYR Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Moldavia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia, Belarus.
The paper is structured as it follows: (1) introduction, (2) description of variables, (3) analysis of life quality in the Central and Eastern European Countries and (4) conclusion.
The methodological approach is based on cluster analysis and the variables were selected taking into account theoretical, conceptual and practical reasons, trying to be relevant for the investigated problems and in straight connection with the analysis objectives.
We try also to balance the number of the socio-economic demographic variables with the variables of the living level. From the analysis, in both cases, (with four or two groups), the revealed image is the same. There is a class of countries with a high level of life quality, characterized by a high socio-economic standard, and consequently good life conditions, and a class made of low socio-economic standard countries with low GDP, due to the inefficiency of economical politics or to the hell of civil wars and with big problems regarding corruption, civil and political liberties, life satisfaction, infant mortality and unemployment.
This research offers a better understanding of macroeconomics politics effects that are promoted at the level of this region as well as their improvement.
2006-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7861/1/MPRA_paper_7861.pdf
Danacica, Daniela-Emanuela and Babucea, Ana-Gabriela and Caruntu, Constantin (2006): Disparities regarding life quality in Central and Eastern European Countries. Published in: CD Proceedings International Workshop Models in Economics (2007)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7928
2019-09-27T09:46:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433930
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7928/
Neuroeconomics: A Critique of 'Neuroeconomics: A Critical Reconsideration'
Stanton, Angela A.
C90 - General
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
B41 - Economic Methodology
Some economists believe that the work of neuroeconomists threatens the theory of economics. Glenn Harrison’s paper “Neuroeconomics: A Critical Reconsideration” attempts to set the score, though the points he makes are hidden behind the fumes of his anger (Glenn W. Harrison 2008). The field of neuroeconomics is barely into its teenage years; and it is trying to do what? Redesign the field of economics developed over a hundred years? No, that is not what neuroeconomics is trying to do, in spite of all the efforts of some economists trying to place it into that shoebox. Neuroeconomics is a Mendelian-Economics of sort; it is a science that is able to generate data by fixing the environment to some degree and looking to see each individual’s choices from the initiation of the decision-making process to its outcome. Standard economics (SE), on the other hand, looks at the average of the outputs of many individuals and proposes how the human chose those outcomes. The two fields, neuroeconomics and SE, are evaluating two sides of the same coin; one with and the other without ceteris paribus; they are not necessarily in conflict with one another.
2008-03-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7928/1/MPRA_paper_7928.pdf
Stanton, Angela A. (2008): Neuroeconomics: A Critique of 'Neuroeconomics: A Critical Reconsideration'.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7953
2019-09-29T04:46:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433838
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7953/
Value based information systems for small and medium enterprises
Moga, Liliana Mihaela
Virlanuta, Florina Oana
Buhociu, Florin Marian
C88 - Other Computer Software
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
B41 - Economic Methodology
The proposed paper intends to promote the knowledge in the field of small and medium enterprises information systems using a novel methodology based on Value Analyses principles, and particular on function analysis. Customer based software engineering could be a possible solution, as it has the capacity to connect the strategic decisions made in the process of software design with the beneficiary companies’ management objectives, which are affected by these decisions. The actual tendency in the evolution of soft approaches is the methodology elaborated by Hauser and Clausing, entitled: House of Quality. This approach is focused on the determining character of the clients' demands in the projection of information systems. In this tendency, the approach based on Value Analysis is also subscribed.
Value analysis is the discipline that positions the consumer’s needs in the center of the methodology. It is known as a technical and economic design method which fundamentally differs from the classic cost reduction methods through the systematic and functional approach of the projected economic objects, taking into account the beneficiaries' concrete demands. Through this paper we intend to outline a methodology which will integrate the new discoveries made in the field of software architecture with the value analysis.
2007-11-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7953/2/MPRA_paper_7953.pdf
Moga, Liliana Mihaela and Virlanuta, Florina Oana and Buhociu, Florin Marian (2007): Value based information systems for small and medium enterprises.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8168
2019-09-27T13:42:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453137
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8168/
Solution of the Ellsberg paradox by means of the principle of uncertain future
Harin, Alexander
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
C5 - Econometric Modeling
A1 - General Economics
E17 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
B4 - Economic Methodology
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
The principle of uncertain future: the probability of a future event contains an (hidden) uncertainty. The first consequence of the principle: the real values of high probabilities are lower than the preliminarily determined ones; conversely, the real values of low probabilities can be higher than the preliminarily determined ones. The first consequence provides an uniform solution of the underweighting of high and the overweighting of low probabilities, of the Allais paradox, risk aversion, loss aversion, the equity premium puzzle, the “fourfold pattern” paradox, etc. The second consequence: the present probability system of a future event is incomplete. The second consequence provides a solution of the incompleteness of systems of preferences, of ambiguity aversion, of the Ellsberg paradox, etc.
2008-04-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8168/1/MPRA_paper_8168.pdf
Harin, Alexander (2008): Solution of the Ellsberg paradox by means of the principle of uncertain future.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8243
2019-10-09T04:45:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453232
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453031
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8243/
Aggregation of Producer Durables with Exogenous Technical Change and Endogenous Useful lives
Bitros, George C.
E22 - Investment ; Capital ; Intangible Capital ; Capacity
E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth ; Environmental Accounts
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
B41 - Economic Methodology
The received theory of aggregation has been erected on certain fundamental hypotheses. One of them is that producer durables deteriorate exponentially, which implies that their replace-ment is proportional to the corresponding capital stocks. However the proportionality hypothesis conflicts with most of the available theoretical and empirical evidence. So an effort to relax it is long overdue. To this end the present paper investigates the conditions for consistent aggregation in a two-sector vintage capital model with exogenous technological change and endogenous use-ful lives. In the model aggregation is achieved by adaptation of the procedure first suggested by Haavelmo (1960). From the simulations of the solution with data from the United States in the post-war period it is found that the conventional approach to aggregation may be responsible for significant biases in the measurement of the economy-wide capital stock.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8243/1/MPRA_paper_8243.pdf
Bitros, George C. (2008): Aggregation of Producer Durables with Exogenous Technical Change and Endogenous Useful lives.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8297
2019-10-01T19:28:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433638
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8297/
Causal Depth contra Humean Empiricism: Aspects of a Scientific Realist Approach to Explanation
Khan, Haider
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
A10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
The purpose of this note is to clarify how the idea of "causal depth" can play a role in finding the more "approximately true" explanation through causal comparisons. It is not an exhaustive treatment but rather focuses on a few aspects that may be the most critical in evaluating the explanatory strengths of a theory in the social sciences. It presents a general argument which is anti-Humean on the critical side and scientific realist on the positive side. It also elucidates how explanations in political economy and other social sciences can be judged by the scientific realist criterion of causal depth by an extensive example from research in the political economy of development. In this case, an "intentional" and methodologically individualist neoclassical explanation is contrasted with a "structural" dual-dual approach as rival theories purporting to explain the same set of phenomena. The formal model representing the dual-dual approach can easily be contrasted with its neoclassical counterpart. The comparison shows that the dual-dual model is indeed deeper in terms of causal structure than the neoclassical model
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8297/1/MPRA_paper_8297.pdf
Khan, Haider (2008): Causal Depth contra Humean Empiricism: Aspects of a Scientific Realist Approach to Explanation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8429
2019-09-26T09:36:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8429/
Hermeneutics and Dialectics: (Hegel, Husserl, Heidegger and) Hans-Georg Gadamer
Khan, Haider
B40 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
B41 - Economic Methodology
The purpose of this paper is to explore briefly the role that a more phenomenological conception of dialectical development of consciousness plays in Hans-Georg Gadamer's work on hermeneutics. This is done with both an implicit understanding of the dialectical development of consciousness and self-consciousness in Gadamer and some explicit references to Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit and his Science of Logic in connection with Gadamer's work. However, the twentieth century departures from Hegelian logic by the phenomenological and existential philosophers are given crucial importance for the work of Gadamer which builds on both Heidegger's essays on art in particular and the much earlier Husserlian explorations of consciousness and intentionality. Special emphasis is given to Gadamer's concept of Spiel(play)* along with his ideas of Erfahrung( "lived experience" as opposed to Erlebnis or abstract experience),Geschehen (event) and Wirkungsgeschichtliches Bewusstsein ( Effectively historicized consciousness).
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8429/1/MPRA_paper_8429.pdf
Khan, Haider (2008): Hermeneutics and Dialectics: (Hegel, Husserl, Heidegger and) Hans-Georg Gadamer.
en
metadataPrefix%3Doai_dc%26offset%3D8430%26set%3D7375626A656374733D42%253A4234