2024-03-28T15:49:30Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:330
2019-09-28T15:08:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/330/
Economic Impact of Capital Flight from Russia and its Institutional Context: Why Capital Controls cannot be a Part of a Pro-Growth Policy (updated version).
Kadochnikov, Denis
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
G18 - Government Policy and Regulation
The research presented in this paper is undertaken in response to the debate on capital flight from Russia. This debate usually involves discussion of its determinants but misses the question of its ultimate effects on the economy. Lack of understanding of the economic nature of capital flight and of its institutional context leads to numerous calls for a policy response, such as stricter capital controls, which are not grounded in any theory or empirical studies, but at the same time are not opposed on theoretical grounds, with only ideological or technical arguments employed at the very best. The purpose of the paper is to examine capital flight from Russia within the institutional environment in which it occurs and to establish whether this capital flight has detrimental effect on the economy. New Institutional Economics approach is adopted to argue that in Russia’s case capital flight might be considered not just a consequence, as some researchers have argued earlier, but also an optimal solution to the institutional deficiencies with its economic role being neutral. To support the validity of this claim modified Granger non-causality test is used to determine whether capital flight dynamics have a causal effect on that of the interest rate differential and vice versa, that is to test whether price mechanism is not working. Rethinking the nature and the economic impact of capital flight allows postulating that within the existing institutional context the observed capital flight is a normal economic process which per se does not require any policy response and restricting capital flight by imposing capital controls cannot be an element of a pro-growth policy, as it would instead lead to boom-burst sort of growth.
2005-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/330/1/MPRA_paper_330.pdf
Kadochnikov, Denis (2005): Economic Impact of Capital Flight from Russia and its Institutional Context: Why Capital Controls cannot be a Part of a Pro-Growth Policy (updated version).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:505
2019-09-26T22:15:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463136
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/505/
Immigration, Trade and Wages in Germany
Yaya, Mehmet-Erdem
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
F22 - International Migration
This paper examines the effects of several macroeconomic variables such as GDP, imports,
unemployment, immigration and emigration on the real wages and salaries of German laborers. Annual data for 49 years has been used to estimate twelve different regressions, trying to capture the effect of these variables on the real wages and salaries in Germany while considering the unification of West-East Germany with a dummy variable. The results are intriguing, and contradicting with most of the earlier literature. The paper concludes that wages are unresponsive to the macroeconomics changes most of the time while salaries are more sensitive to macroeconomic changes. The paper also contributes to the literature by investigating the effects of macroeconomic variables on the salary and wage changes of different gender groups.
2005-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/505/1/MPRA_paper_505.pdf
Yaya, Mehmet-Erdem (2005): Immigration, Trade and Wages in Germany.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:753
2019-09-26T11:34:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3637
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/753/
Produrre all'estero e fare profitti in patria: uno studio sulle imprese venete dell'abbigliamento e delle calzature
Tattara, Giuseppe
Gianelle, Carlo
L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather Goods; Household Goods; Sports Equipment
L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
Information on the globalization of Italian companies is vast but incomplete and bitty. This work estimates some effects of delocalization on firm’s profits and value added for Veneto clothing and footwear firms. Through a direct survey on several companies and the estimate of a fixed effect model, we have estimated the “advantages” to a company brought about by the overseas delocalisation of some production phases. The increase in production moved abroad coincides with a significant net increase of both the per capita value added and the gross operative margin.
These results seem to be in contrast with the idea that overseas outsourcing can only be a short-term answer to competitive pressures. However this is a measure which does not seem to have had any effect on the rate of production growth.
2006-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/753/1/MPRA_paper_753.pdf
Tattara, Giuseppe and Gianelle, Carlo (2006): Produrre all'estero e fare profitti in patria: uno studio sulle imprese venete dell'abbigliamento e delle calzature. Published in: Andarsene per continuare a crescere, edited by G. Corò, G.Tattara and M. Volpe. Carocci, Rome , Vol. ISBN 8, No. 2006 (2006): pp. 161-188.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:754
2019-09-26T10:18:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3638
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3637
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3634
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/754/
Il decentramento produttivo in Romania in tre distretti del Nord-Est
Tattara, Giuseppe
De Giusti, Giovanna
Constantin, Florentina
L68 - Appliances ; Furniture ; Other Consumer Durables
L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather Goods; Household Goods; Sports Equipment
L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
L64 - Other Machinery ; Business Equipment ; Armaments
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
In manufacturing industry in Italy outsourcing abroad is becoming increasingly important and Veneto firms are on the forefront.
This study presents the results of a direct survey conducted on 24 firms, both in Veneto and in Romania. The article examines the participation of Veneto firms in the global value chains and discusses their different organization. Shoe firms, very labour intensive, use mainly subcontracting aiming at reducing the cost of labour. In the furniture sector the main aim is the control the wood supply, and this requires direct investments abroad. In the air-conditioning and refrigerating sector, firms are more interested in the control of new markets and in impeding the development of local competition, and this is obtained through local producing (and assembling) and some limited subcontracting.
2006-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/754/1/MPRA_paper_754.pdf
Tattara, Giuseppe and De Giusti, Giovanna and Constantin, Florentina (2006): Il decentramento produttivo in Romania in tre distretti del Nord-Est.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:854
2019-09-26T21:13:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/854/
An Introduction to International Factoring & Project Finance
Glinavos, Ioannis
F20 - General
F30 - General
This work consists of two essays on law and finance in international trade. It addresses the means of raising funds for investment through receivables financing and project finance. The first essay discusses the role of receivables financing and in particular factoring in international trade. It examines the nature of factoring transactions and presents the efforts at regulation on an international level aimed at overcoming the difficulties in enforcement. The second essay discusses project finance as a method of pooling funds for international development. It analyses the claim that project finance is a legally secure avenue to raise capital for foreign direct investment, with particular focus on the effectiveness of project finance in the context of international development projects.
2002-09-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/854/1/MPRA_paper_854.pdf
Glinavos, Ioannis (2002): An Introduction to International Factoring & Project Finance.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:929
2022-08-23T23:34:34Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/929/
Growth of the Spanish Multinational in Latin America during the 1990s
Batiz-Lazo, Bernardo
Blanco Mendialdua, Ana
Urionabarrenetxea Zabalandikoetxea, Sara
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
During the 1990s, Spain changed from a net recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI) to one of the most important investors in Latin America. Fieldwork in this article identifies trends and directions of Spanish acquisitions, with an emphasis on the 1990 to 2001 period. An overview of the emergence of the Spanish MNC is followed by statistical analysis of their competitive (i.e. ownership) advantage as measured by the relative strength of market size, wage differentials and cultural affinity. This analysis helped in explaining the link between strategic decisions of the Spanish MNCs and their choice of geography and industrial sector. Empirical analysis finds Spanish MNCs responded to privatisation opportunities and to gain access to specific foreign markets rather than to an attempt to create global export platforms.
2001-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/929/1/MPRA_paper_929.pdf
Batiz-Lazo, Bernardo and Blanco Mendialdua, Ana and Urionabarrenetxea Zabalandikoetxea, Sara (2001): Growth of the Spanish Multinational in Latin America during the 1990s. Forthcoming in: Latin American Business Review , Vol. 8, No. 1 (2007)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1064
2019-09-27T00:22:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3337
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463335
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463533
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463432
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31:4E3137
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34:4E3434
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1064/
Vom Nutzen afrikanischer Zuwanderer für Europa. Wende in der EU-Einwanderungspolitik?
Kohnert, Dirk
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
N37 - Africa ; Oceania
F22 - International Migration
F35 - Foreign Aid
F53 - International Agreements and Observance ; International Organizations
F42 - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
O55 - Africa
N17 - Africa ; Oceania
O52 - Europe
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
N44 - Europe: 1913-
A growing number of Africans flees from their desolate economic situation or violent conflicts and political persecution at home to Europe. The European Union shares responsibil-ity for this growing economic misery, in view of its egoistic external trade policy. Neverthe-less, it intensifies the foreclosure of its external borders. Thereby, the escape routes become even more dangerous, thousands die every year. The European-African migration summits in Rabat and Tripoli in June and November 2006 even strengthened this policy of exclusion. Yet, well adapted immigration regulations would serve the interest of all parties involved. Last, but not least, it could contribute to protect the over-aged population of European mem-ber states in the long run against threatening economic decline. Even Germany and France meanwhile hesitantly accept the fact that they are an immigration country. The EU commis-sion endorses a limited and temporarily restricted immigration of Africans. However, two fundamental problems remain unsolved. Cost and benefit of immigration are distributed asymmetrically between the social classes. In addition, the EU favours the admission of high skilled labour, which tends to strengthen the 'brain drain' from Africa even more, while mil-lions of unskilled irregular migrants compete with the growing army of unemployed in the host countries. Both will aggravate the imminent danger of violent conflicts and of right-wing extremism in the immigration regions.
2006-12-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1064/1/MPRA_paper_1064.pdf
Kohnert, Dirk (2006): Vom Nutzen afrikanischer Zuwanderer für Europa. Wende in der EU-Einwanderungspolitik?
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1090
2019-09-28T13:25:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433333
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1090/
The Impact of Migration on Foreign Trade: A Developing Country Approach
Canavire Bacarreza, Gustavo Javier
Ehrlich, Laura
C33 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
F22 - International Migration
F10 - General
While the causal relationship between migration and trade has not been studied thoroughly, estimation results of gravity model approach suggest that important aspects determining trade volumes can be missed if additional factors, including migration, are not considered. The current paper aims at testing the impact of migration on foreign trade in a relatively closed small economy. We use the data of Bolivia, for the years 1990–2003. We apply gravity model, adding a migration variable to the explanatory variables. We test the impact of both, immigration and emigration on exports and imports and also on intra-industry trade. We use panel estimation including data of 30 trade partners (selected according to higher trade intensity with Bolivia). We control for the economic size and geographical location of trade partners, and for changes in terms of trade.
Previous studies show an increasing effect of immigration on both exports and imports elasticities. Some studies find larger exports elasticity compared to imports elasticity, some vice versa. We could not find any studies on emigration impact on trade. Our results show relatively similar impact of both immigration and emigration on foreign trade. Positive significant effect of immigration on exports and imports is confirmed also in Bolivia, even when the migration flows in Bolivia are not as high as in the case of most countries analyzed previously. We can conclude positive effect of migration flows also on intra-industry trade.
In the following analysis, we intend to control for the impact of trade agreements and openness of trade partners. We will also try to broaden the sample of trade partners used in the current estimation and to test the hypotheses on other developing countries.
2006-01-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1090/1/MPRA_paper_1090.pdf
Canavire Bacarreza, Gustavo Javier and Ehrlich, Laura (2006): The Impact of Migration on Foreign Trade: A Developing Country Approach. Published in: Latin American Journal of Economic Development No. No. 6 (April 2006): pp. 125-146.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1109
2019-09-29T09:09:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D50:5033:503333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1109/
FDI in the New European Neighbours of Southern Europe: a quest of institutions-based attractiveness
Fabry, Nathalie
Zeghni, Sylvain
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
P33 - International Trade, Finance, Investment, Relations, and Aid
Why the “New European Neighbours” at the South East of Europe, after more than 10 years of transition and European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), are not sufficiently attractive for inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)? The experience of Central and Eastern European Countries has shown that the access to the EU membership can be positively pushed by the European Neighborhood Policy and inward-FDI. On the one hand, ENP can be a supportive framework for improving the investor’s confidence. ENP Instruments can add more coherence in technical assistance; provide more financial support for creating capacities for trade, improve infrastructures, and contribute to the institutional and private sector development. On the other hand, inward-FDI may help to achieve modernization, industrial upgrading and improve productivity by importing foreign technologies, diffusing knowledge and western best practices. Southern European Transition Countries lack of a strong convergence process to the EU Standard probably because of an unclear accession date to the EU and of the Balkan Civil War. The aim of this paper is to understand the role of institutions in shaping a strong localization advantage for FDI. The quest of reliable and safe institutions has recently emerged in the economic literature, first as a catalyst for growth and more recently as an inward-FDI attractor mainly in transition economies. Contrary to the New Institutional School, we argue that institutions are not pre-condition to FDI but the result of an interaction between host countries and foreign investors. Such an institutions-based attractiveness could help the Southern European Transition Countries to become a new frontier for FDI in the future.
2006-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1109/1/MPRA_paper_1109.pdf
Fabry, Nathalie and Zeghni, Sylvain (2006): FDI in the New European Neighbours of Southern Europe: a quest of institutions-based attractiveness.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1356
2019-09-29T02:48:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1356/
Wage Inequality in a Dual Economy and International Mobility of Factors: DO Factor Intensities always matter?
Chaudhuri, Sarbajit
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
F22 - International Migration
The paper develops a three-sector specific factor model with Harris-Todaro type unemployment to examine the consequences of international factor mobility on the skilled-unskilled wage inequality and urban unemployment of unskilled labour in a small open dual economy. The theoretical analysis shows that the consequences of international factor mobility on wage inequality may not necessarily depend on the difference in the factor intensity condition. Only when the unskilled wage in the low-skill urban sector is positively related to the rural wage, factor intensity conditions do matter. An emigration of skilled labour or an inflow of foreign capital may move the wages in favour of the unskilled labour and lower the magnitude of urban unemployment only if the low-skill urban sector is capital-intensive (in a special sense). But, an immigration of unskilled labour produces exactly the opposite effects. The paper argues that provided the government undertakes supplementary measures to curb trade union power and prevent illegal immigration of unskilled labour, abundant inflows of foreign capital might be a solution to both deteriorating wage inequality and increasing unemployment of unskilled labour in the liberalized regime.
2006-09-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1356/1/MPRA_paper_1356.pdf
Chaudhuri, Sarbajit (2006): Wage Inequality in a Dual Economy and International Mobility of Factors: DO Factor Intensities always matter?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1485
2019-09-26T08:52:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1485/
Accelerated Internationalisation by Emerging Multinationals: the Case of White Goods Sector
Bonaglia, Federico
Goldstein, Andrea
Mathews, John
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
M2 - Business Economics
The emergence of a "second wave" of developing-country multinational enterprises (MNEs) in a variety of industries is one of the characterizing features of globalization. These new MNEs did not delay their internationalisation until they were large, as did most of their predecessors, and often become global as a result of direct firm-to-firm contracting. Many grow large as they internationalise conversely, they internationalise in order to grow large. This is a striking pattern which, if confirmed, indicates that enterprises from developing countries have pursued distinctive approaches to internationalisation. It is a further interesting hypothesis to investigate to what extent such firms, born as suppliers of established incumbents, have leveraged on their "latecomer" status to accelerate their internationalisation. This paper documents how emerging MNEs may follow quite different patterns to reach, or at least approach, global competitiveness. In particular, it investigates how three latecomer MNEs pursued global growth through accelerated internationalisation combined with strategic and organizational innovation. Haier (China), Mabe (Mexico) and Arcelik (Turkey) emerged as Dragon Multinationals in the large home appliances (so-called "white goods") industry. This is a producer-driven global value chain, characterized by mature technology and rapid delocalization to developing countries, where not only input costs are lower, but demand growth rates are higher - giving a decided latecomer advantage to these MNEs. Haier, Mabe and Arçelik leveraged their strategic partnership with established MNEs to upgrade their operations, evolving from the production of simple goods, into new product lines developed through their own design, branding and marketing capabilities. The recipe of their success has been the ability to treat global competition as an opportunity to build capabilities, move into more profitable industry segments, and adopt strategies that turn latecomer status into a source of competitive advantage. At the same time, their experiences show that there are many strategies and trajectories for going global.
2006-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1485/1/MPRA_paper_1485.pdf
Bonaglia, Federico and Goldstein, Andrea and Mathews, John (2006): Accelerated Internationalisation by Emerging Multinationals: the Case of White Goods Sector.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1556
2019-09-26T10:17:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1556/
Joint venture instability: a life cycle approach
Roy Chowdhury, Prabal
Roy Chowdhury, Indrani
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
Joint ventures represent one of the most fascinating developments in international business. In the last few decades, the rate of joint venture formation has accelerated dramatically. Nowadays joint ventures are much more widespread and occur in industries like telecommunications, biotechnology etc. At the same time, however, it must be noted that joint ventures are very unstable. In this paper we survey the phenomenon of joint venture instability. We draw on the relative recent theoretical literature on joint venture instability to provide a unified explanation of joint venture life-cycles, formation, as well as breakdown. Further, we do this for both research oriented, as well as production joint ventures.
2001
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1556/1/MPRA_paper_1556.pdf
Roy Chowdhury, Prabal and Roy Chowdhury, Indrani (2001): Joint venture instability: a life cycle approach. Published in: Effects of Globalization on Industry and Environment, eds. R. Acharyya and B. Moitra No. 2001, Publisher: Lancer's Books, New Delhi. (2001): pp. 43-72.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1590
2019-09-27T13:43:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1590/
The Romanian Journal of European Studies No.4/2005
Geiger, Martin
Ruspini, Paolo
Baldwin-Edwards, Martin
van Krieken, Peter
Nicolescu, Luminita
Constantin, Daniela-Luminita
Ghetau, Vasile
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
O52 - Europe
F22 - International Migration
N30 - General, International, or Comparative
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
The Romanian Journal of European Studies No.4/2005
ISSN 1583 - 199X
EUV - Editura Universitatii de Vest, Timisoara, 2005
The British Coucil in Bucharest and The School of High Comparative European Studies (SISEC), within the West University of Timisoara, edited The Romanian Journal of European Studies - special issue on migration and mobility (Guest editor: Mr. Martin GEIGER, Bonn University, Germany; contact: mg.migration@googlemail.com). For more information or to obtain a printed copy, please contact Mr. Dan MOGA, at SISEC (E-mail: danmoga@yahoo.com)
CONTENTS:
Foreword; Grigore Silasi ... page 5
Editorial; Martin Geiger ... pages 7 - 8
Forms and Features of the Post-Enlargement Migration Space; Paolo Ruspini ... pages 9 - 18
Managing Migration for an Enlarging Europe - Inter-governmental Organizations and the Governance of the Migration Flows; Martin Geiger ... pages 19 - 30
Balkan Migrations and The European Union: Patterns and Trends; Martin Baldwin-Edwards ... pages 31 - 43
Workers' Mobility': Europe's Integration and Second Thoughts; Peter van Krieken ... pages 45 - 53
Romania's External Migration in the Context of Accesion to the EU: Mechanisms, Institutions and Social-Cultural Issues; Luminita Nicolescu, Daniela-Luminita Constantin ... pages 55 - 63
Migrations et incidence sur la répartition spatiale de la population en Roumanie au niveau national et régional; Vasile Ghetau ... pages 65 - 83
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1590/1/MPRA_paper_1590.pdf
Geiger, Martin and Ruspini, Paolo and Baldwin-Edwards, Martin and van Krieken, Peter and Nicolescu, Luminita and Constantin, Daniela-Luminita and Ghetau, Vasile (2006): The Romanian Journal of European Studies No.4/2005. Published in: The Romanian Journal of European Studies No. 4/2005 (June 2006)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1686
2019-09-29T05:11:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3537
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1686/
The influence of culture on the economic freedom and the international business
Herciu, Mihaela
O57 - Comparative Studies of Countries
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
The firms who decide to expand their business in an international environment must modify their management style through international management. Certainly, international management must adapt their on functions to the different framework of the business development. The culture is a cardinally factor, being an essential component in the success equation of multinational companies. The culture, the habits and the attitudes became points of major interests on the global market. Their importance is obvious through numerous "blunders" which find out in international trade and international. For the success of international business the economies must bees free, but the economic freedom is influenced by the national culture. All the undertake activities of managers are accessible to cultural environment. The global firm is due to negotiate with different international organisms, and where through the negotiations to fall flat, the managers must understand the cultural environment of the negotiator and must have cross-cultural competence.
2006-09-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1686/1/MPRA_paper_1686.pdf
Herciu, Mihaela (2006): The influence of culture on the economic freedom and the international business.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1817
2019-09-30T22:39:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1817/
Reform-creating regional trade agreements and foreign direct investment: applications for East Asia
Park, Innwon
Park, Soonchan
F15 - Economic Integration
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
O53 - Asia including Middle East
The spread of regional trade agreements (RTAs) is strongly motivated by the desire for more foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. The net benefits from freer capital flows are expected to trigger a domino effect of new regionalism. However, this is still an empirical question to be tested, especially for the case of East Asia. This paper quantitatively estimates the investment creation and diversion effects of RTAs by using an extended gravity equation focusing on domestic reform as a commitment device for RTA membership. As a case study, we investigate whether reform-minded less developed countries (LDCs) can trigger this domino effect by actively participating in RTAs. Moreover, in order to search for the most preferable member pair among the proposed East Asian RTAs, we estimate the likely impact of the East Asian RTAs on inward FDI stock. From our empirical analyses, we find that (i) reform-creating RTA membership, larger market size, better skilled labor, and lower trade costs all contribute positively and significantly to inward FDI stock; (ii) reformatory LDCs attract more FDI in addition to the investment creation effect of their RTA membership; and (iii) most of proposed East Asian RTAs promote intra-bloc FDI. In particular, both South-North and North-North RTA such as an ASEAN-Japan and a Japan-Korea RTA prove to be more preferable membership combinations to South-South RTAs in East Asia.
2006-11-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1817/1/MPRA_paper_1817.pdf
Park, Innwon and Park, Soonchan (2006): Reform-creating regional trade agreements and foreign direct investment: applications for East Asia.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1920
2019-09-26T22:10:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1920/
Japanese manufacturing investment in the UK 1972-1996: an econometric analysis
Nguyen, Anh
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the determinants of the location decision of Japanese investors, which has shaped the geographical distribution of Japanese investment in the UK over the last 25 years. One of the primary purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness and importance of measures to induce foreign investment into the UK assisted areas. The objective is made possible by the availability of data from the Invest in Britain Bureau at the Department of Trade and Industry. This source of data provides information on the exact location of Japanese manufacturing investment in the UK, which is the subject of analysis in this study.
1997
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1920/1/MPRA_paper_1920.pdf
Nguyen, Anh (1997): Japanese manufacturing investment in the UK 1972-1996: an econometric analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1921
2022-07-22T07:07:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1921/
Foreign direct investment in Vietnam: An overview and analysis the determinants of spatial distribution across provinces
Nguyen, Ngoc Anh
Nguyen, Thang
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
Vietnam has been quite sucessful in attracting FDI inflows since the inception of economic reform in 1986. The inflow of FDI has contributed significantly to the economic development of Vietnam. Still, the determinants of FDI inflow and its impacts on the economy of Vietnam are under-researched. In this paper we provide an overview of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam and attempt to review of the current status of economic research on the determinants of FDI and its impacts on the economy of Vietnam. Our regression analysis of the determinants of FDI spatial distribution across provinces points to the importance of market, labour and infrastructure in attracting FDI. Government policy as measured by the Provincial Competiveness Index (PCI), however, does not seem to be a significant factor at the provincial level. Foreign investors from differenct source countries seem to behave differently in chosing the location of investment.
2007-06-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1921/1/MPRA_paper_1921.pdf
Nguyen, Ngoc Anh and Nguyen, Thang (2007): Foreign direct investment in Vietnam: An overview and analysis the determinants of spatial distribution across provinces.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2028
2019-09-27T01:03:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433431
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2028/
Labor market outcomes, capital accumulation, and return migration: Evidence from immigrants in Germany
Kirdar, Murat
F22 - International Migration
C41 - Duration Analysis ; Optimal Timing Strategies
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
In this paper I test the capital accumulation conjecture that is used to rationalize return migration decisions in the context of immigrants in Germany and examine how labor market outcomes influence return migration decisions, with particular attention to selection in these outcomes in return migration. I characterize the level and timing of return migration as well as the selection in it and derive a number of implications of these on the impact of immigrants on the host as well as source countries. Using a rich longitudinal dataset that has an over-sampled group of immigrants (German Socioeconomic Panel), I conduct a Cox proportional hazard analysis with alternative waiting-time concepts. That the sample contains immigrants from four different source countries allows me to utilize the variation in the source country characteristics as well as the time variation in them to identify the parameters of interest. I find evidence for the savings accumulation conjecture, in which return is motivated by higher purchasing power of accumulated savings in the home country. On the other hand, human capital accumulation conjecture is rejected. In the framework of savings accumulation, I examine the impact of an increase in German earnings whose theoretical impact on the return migration decision is ambiguous. In terms of labor market outcomes, both retirement and unemployment emerge as important determinants of return migration choices. Unemployment spell length determines the direction of selection with respect to unemployment in return migration. The data also reveal that the level of return migration is high and varies considerably across the source countries. The hazard function of Turkish immigrants displays a hump-shaped profile that peaks between the ages of 45 and 54 whereas EU immigrants are more likely to return at earlier ages and after retirement.
2007-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2028/1/MPRA_paper_2028.pdf
Kirdar, Murat (2007): Labor market outcomes, capital accumulation, and return migration: Evidence from immigrants in Germany.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2085
2019-09-26T12:49:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523132
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2085/
Locational Drivers of FDI in MENA Countries: A Spatial Attempt
Hisarciklilar, Mehtap
Kayam, Saime Suna
Kayalica, Ozgur
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
C23 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
This study aims to analyze the locational drivers of FDI, with an emphasis on the role of market potential in MENA countries. Considering that the market does not necessarily comprise of the host economy but also trade opportunities in the region and in the rest of the world, this study distinguishes the country-specific, regional and trade-related market potential of the host MENA country in attracting FDI. It also examines the neighboring effects in locational choice. Using a panel of 18 countries covering the 1980-2001 time period, the model is estimated by Maximum Likelihood estimation method incorporating the possible spatial autocorrelation in the disturbances. The results imply that FDI in the MENA region is market oriented; as well as aiming at the domesic market in the host economy, it also utilises trade opportunities within the region.
2006-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2085/1/MPRA_paper_2085.pdf
Hisarciklilar, Mehtap and Kayam, Saime Suna and Kayalica, Ozgur (2006): Locational Drivers of FDI in MENA Countries: A Spatial Attempt.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2167
2019-09-28T23:53:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2167/
ENDOGENOUS GROWTH AND GAINS FROM SKILLED IMMIGRATION
Mideksa, Torben
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
F22 - International Migration
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
N30 - General, International, or Comparative
A previous result by Kemnitz (2001) based on AK type endogenous growth model implied that the gains from immigration depends up on the percapita possession of capital stock by immigrant relative to that of the natives’. However, such a framework ignores the incentive labor creates for innovation and productivity. By using framework of horizontal innovation of Romer (1991), it is shown that immigration entails Pareto improvement even when immigrants posses no physical capital in contrast to the result in the literature.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2167/1/MPRA_paper_2167.pdf
Mideksa, Torben (2007): ENDOGENOUS GROWTH AND GAINS FROM SKILLED IMMIGRATION.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2208
2019-09-26T22:57:13Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453230
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433332
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2208/
Measuring Capital Mobility in the Asia Pacific Rim
Chan, Tze-Haw
Baharumshah, Ahmad Zubaidi
E20 - General
C32 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes ; State Space Models
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
This study revisits the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle by investigating the saving-investment nexus through the unit root test, cointegration procedure, unrestricted VAR causality, and dynamic OLS (DOLS). Ten Asia Pacific nations of different level of economic development and financial openness were being examined, using data from 1971-1999. Overall, the long run capital mobility is more apparent for four newly industrialised economies while capital flows in ASEAN countries seem to be more restricted (especially Indonesia and Thailand). As for the US and Japan, their long run saving retention coefficients are in the moderate range (0.56 and 0.45). In brief, our findings indicate that the heftiness of Feldstein-Horioka criterion in measuring capital mobility is more subjected to econometric specifications rather than country size alone.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2208/1/MPRA_paper_2208.pdf
Chan, Tze-Haw and Baharumshah, Ahmad Zubaidi (2003): Measuring Capital Mobility in the Asia Pacific Rim. Published in: Open Economy Macroeconomics in East Asia-Chapter 9 (2005): pp. 169-195.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2215
2019-10-01T01:55:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3136
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2215/
Fixing up the world: GATT and the WTO
Freeman, Alan
O10 - General
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O16 - Financial Markets ; Saving and Capital Investment ; Corporate Finance and Governance
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
This paper, published in Labour Focus on Eastern Europe , Number 59, 1998. pp 74-93 and reproduced in a number of journals and books, examines the consequences for world trade of the restructuring – commonly termed ‘globalisation’ that arose out of the Uruguay round of the GATT and let to the reconstruction of the World Trade Organisation in its present form, beginning in 1982.
It establishes that the widely-held view of the system of world trade as a symmetric free trade system is largely mythical. It shows, on the basis of a study of the outcome of disputes within the GATT over the critical period in which the present world trading system was founded, that decisive non-market advantages were established by dominant continental trading blocs organised around NAFTA, the EEC and APEC, which as Stiglitz at the time explained, ‘tilted the playing field’ systematically in favour of these blocs.
1998-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2215/1/MPRA_paper_2215.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): Fixing up the world: GATT and the WTO. Published in: Labour Focus on Eastern Europe No. Number 59, 1998 (July 1998): pp. 74-93.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2255
2019-09-28T13:56:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2255/
Bilateral Investment Treaties and Foreign Direct Investment: Correlation versus Causation
Aisbett, Emma
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
F20 - General
The rapid and concurrent increase in both foreign investment and government efforts to attract foreign investment at the end of last century makes the question of causality between the two both interesting and challenging. I take up this question for the case of the nearly 2,500 bilateral investment treaties (BITs) that have been signed since 1980. Using data on bilateral investment outflows from OECD countries, I test whether BITs stimulate investment in twenty eight low- and middle-income countries. In contrast to previous studies that have found a strong effect from BIT participation, I explicitly model and empirically account for the endogeneity of BIT adoption. I also test for a signaling effect from BITs. I find that the initially strong correlation between BITs and investment flows is not robust controlling for selection into BIT participation. Furthermore, I find no evidence for the claim that BITs signal a safe investment climate. My results show the importance of accounting for the endogeneity of adoption when assessing the benefits of investment liberalization policies.
2007-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2255/1/MPRA_paper_2255.pdf
Aisbett, Emma (2007): Bilateral Investment Treaties and Foreign Direct Investment: Correlation versus Causation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2258
2019-10-28T18:18:00Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2281
2019-09-28T04:48:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513534
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2281/
A Note on the Ethical Implications of the Stern Review
Kenny, Charles
Q54 - Climate ; Natural Disasters and Their Management ; Global Warming
O10 - General
F20 - General
The Stern Review adopts two interesting elements in its calculation of the costs and benefits of climate change mitigation. First is a ‘global welfarist’ approach that values the utility of the World’s people (now and into the future) equally, and sets global utility maximization as the correct goal for policy. Second is an assumption of a declining marginal utility to income. Consistent application of the ‘global welfarist’ approach and the declining marginal utility of income together would demand an urgent process of global income redistribution. Over the long term, this might see the richest ten percent of the World’s population facing an average redistributive tax rate in the region of 82 percent.
2007-03-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2281/1/MPRA_paper_2281.pdf
Kenny, Charles (2007): A Note on the Ethical Implications of the Stern Review.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2492
2019-09-27T07:49:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34:4C3433
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34:4C3431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3936
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2492/
Communications Networks and Foreign Direct: Investment in Developing Countries
Lydon, Reamonn
Williams, Mark
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
L43 - Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation
L41 - Monopolization ; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights
L96 - Telecommunications
It is widely accepted that investment is essential for the long-term economic
growth of developing countries. There is some evidence that Foreign Direct Investment
(FDI) in developing countries provides spill-over benefits through technology and skills
transfer. Understanding the determinants of FDI inflows into developing countries is
therefore an important policy objective. This paper shows that average FDI inflows into
developing countries are greater in countries that have better telecommunications
networks. In more recent years, this relationship can also be detected between FDI and
mobile networks. The analysis has been refined to take account of countries' endowment
of natural resources and the an attempt has been made to deal with the problem of
endogeneity.
2005-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2492/1/MPRA_paper_2492.pdf
Lydon, Reamonn and Williams, Mark (2005): Communications Networks and Foreign Direct: Investment in Developing Countries. Published in: International Journal of Digital Economics No. 58 (June 2005): pp. 43-60.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2589
2019-10-04T04:41:28Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3136
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2589/
Has the empire struck back? ‘new paradigm’ globalisation or return to classical imperialism?
Freeman, Alan
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
O16 - Financial Markets ; Saving and Capital Investment ; Corporate Finance and Governance
O10 - General
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
This article is a prepublication transcript of ‘Has the Empire Struck Back?’ in Albritton, R, Makoto Itoh, Richard Westra and Alan Zuege (eds) Phases of Capitalist Development: Booms, Crises, and Globalization, pp195-215. London: McMillan. ISBN 0 33375 316 X
The paper conducts an empirical examination of the current state of the world market with a view to assessing (and establishing the relative strengths and weaknesses of) two contrasting views: the first, that it is the outcome of a process of globalisation, in some sense, and the second, that it is explicable through the classical accounts of imperialism dating from the turn of the last century. It considers also the empirical relevance of Kondratieff’s and Schumpeter’s conception of ‘long waves’ of growth and accumulation.
It develops the distinction between endogenous and exogenous causes of decline and accumulation in the market and argues that they are connected to a prolonged secular trend towards income polarisation between blocs of nations characteristic of the operation of the market. It argues that whereas the declining phase of a long wave is endogenous and lawlike, recovery is exogenous and contingent, depending on the outcome of conscious political intervention. The key to the economic outcome of the present phase of capitalism is therefore the political relation between the main players
It argues that history has seen two quite distinct patterns of exogenously-constituted recovery from generalised crisis. The industrial revolution, and the post-WWII boom were ‘hegemonically-ordered’ yielding high global profit rates under a single hegemonic power (the UK in 1845, the US in 1945) which fuelled a general expansion even of its rivals, and yielding rising (if unequal) prosperity, relative peace, and political stability. 1890-1914 was different. The profit rate did not recover to previous levels, there was no clear hegemon, growing misery and barbarity over the immiserated parts of the world, and intense great power rivalry leading to the wars and revolutions that bestrode the twentieth century.
I argue that the evidence suggests the only possible basis of a new wave of economic expansion is a recovery more comparable with 1890-1914 than 1945-1965. The present period is one dominated by the steady but inexorable loss of US economic hegemony but with no clear alternative hegemon. This leads to an essentially unstable, warlike, and intractable period of competition for domination over sources of surplus profit. I call this a return to ‘classical imperialism’.
Keywords: Inequality, globalisation, poverty, Marx, unequal exchange, imperialism, value, TSSI, temporalism, development
2000-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2589/1/MPRA_paper_2589.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2000): Has the empire struck back? ‘new paradigm’ globalisation or return to classical imperialism? Published in: Albritton, R, Makoto Itoh, Richard Westra and Alan Zuege (eds) Phases of Capitalist Development: Booms, Crises, and Globalization, London: McMillan. No. ISBN 0 33375 316 X (June 2000): pp. 195-215.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2591
2019-10-06T15:07:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3136
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2591/
Europe, the US and the world economy: Alan Greenspan’s search for a fifth Kondradieff
Freeman, Alan
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
O16 - Financial Markets ; Saving and Capital Investment ; Corporate Finance and Governance
O10 - General
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
This paper was presented at 15:00 hours local time in Ankara, Turkey on 11th September 2001. On the basis of an economic analysis of the world economy it surmises an entry into an ‘age of war’ – a period of financial and military competition between advanced countries comparable to the period of classical imperialism from 1893-1918.
At the close of the session which was 17:00 hours local time, being 8 hours ahead of Eastern time, hence 9:00am Eastern time, I was scheduled for an interview on Turkish television. ‘First, there is something you should see’, said the reporter. He led me to the television van where CNN footage showing an aircraft impacting the first trade tower. The second impact occurred as I watched. I emerged from the van five hours later and the interview never took place.
Keywords: 9/11, World Economy, Kondratieff, Development, Europe, US, value, price, TSSI, temporalism, profit rate, polarisation, inequality, globalisation, deregulation, imperialism, World Systems Theory, unequal exchange, dependency, North-South
2001-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2591/1/MPRA_paper_2591.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2001): Europe, the US and the world economy: Alan Greenspan’s search for a fifth Kondradieff.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2621
2019-09-30T13:02:16Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3136
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2621/
The new political geography of poverty
Freeman, Alan
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
O16 - Financial Markets ; Saving and Capital Investment ; Corporate Finance and Governance
O10 - General
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
This paper follows the 9/11 paper presented at METU in the previous year. It attempts to analyse the fundamental features of the world economy giving rise to the present military phase. It argues that globalisation is a self-limiting process.
Fundamental long-term developments, arising out of the present organisation of the world economy, are acting systematically to undermine it. This results in a crisis I call structural. By this I mean that it is neither transitory nor accidental. It is a permanent, ineradicable and ultimately dominant determinant of the way the world is now evolving.
This structural crisis, the paper argues, arises from an unsustainable economic relation between the US economy and the world economy. This expresses itself in a new form, evident in the events that have unfolded since 11th September 2001.
The market is literally tearing the world apart; it is beginning to render large tracts of it ungovernable. As its economic mechanisms become increasingly incapable of resolving the social contradictions that they create, the nations and societies through which it is mediated are being plunged into increasingly in openly political conflict. The endemic crises, armed conflicts and governmental instability of the Middle East, of Central Asia, of the Balkans, of Central and Northern Africa, of Central and Southern America, and of South-East Asia, each has its specificity. But the basic driving force behind all of them is same: the crushing weight of two decades of accelerating economic stagnation, accompanied by universally growing inequality.
The governments of the advanced nations, who have provoked and lived off this phase of world development, now face problems no longer solvable by purely economic means. Confronted with countries and regions in which economic conditions lay no sound basis for stable government external intervention, willing or not, becomes the only remaining option.
Whereas the conflicts of the eighties and nineties centred on the financial and commercial organisations such as the WTO, the IMF and the World Bank, and although these organisations continue to serve as an arena in which increasingly acrimonious and conflictual relations between nations and regions are fought out, open geopolitical intervention – war, the violent overturn of governments, the break-up of nations, annexation, and colonisation, and open trade conflict – is now at the top of the agenda. The state, in a word, is back.
This is the fundamental reason behind an epochal shift in US policy towards direct military and political intervention in the internal affairs of states. Accompanying this is a growing political tension between the advanced countries and a growing inability of the US to impose a political consensus, most clearly demonstrated by the enormous problems it has had in building a coalition for its war on Iraq. This signals a phase of more or less open geopolitical struggle between advanced countries for territorial dominance, driven by the need to dominate and subordinate the labour of the rest of the world to their own capitals.
Keywords: 9/11; World Economy; Kondratieff; Development; Europe; US; value; price; TSSI; temporalism; profit rate; polarisation; inequality; globalisation; deregulation; imperialism; World Systems Theory; unequal exchange; dependency; North-South
2002-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2621/1/MPRA_paper_2621.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2002): The new political geography of poverty.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2641
2019-09-28T17:34:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2641/
Can International Factor Mobility lessen Wage Inequality in a Dual Economy?
Beladi, Hamid
Chaudhuri, Sarbajit
Yabuuchi, Shigemi
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
F22 - International Migration
We introduce international labor mobility in a three-sector general equilibrium model with rural-urban migration. We demonstrate that under some reasonable conditions an inflow of foreign skilled labor (capital) can reduce skilled-unskilled wage inequality.
2007-01-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2641/1/MPRA_paper_2641.pdf
Beladi, Hamid and Chaudhuri, Sarbajit and Yabuuchi, Shigemi (2007): Can International Factor Mobility lessen Wage Inequality in a Dual Economy?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2645
2019-09-29T08:09:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2645/
Foreign Capital and Skilled-unskilled Wage Inequality in a Developing Economy with Non-traded Goods
Chaudhuri, Sarbajit
Yabuuchi, Shigemi
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
The existing theoretical literature does not take into consideration the existence of non-traded goods and the nature of capital mobility between the traded and the non-traded sectors in analyzing the consequences of liberalized investment policies on the relative wage inequality in the developing countries. The present paper purports to fill in this gap using two four-sector general equilibrium models reasonable for a developing economy. We have found that inflows of foreign capital usually improve the wage inequality when the low-skill sector is capital-intensive. But, the relative wage gap may widen if the high-skill sector is capital-intensive. When the non-traded sector produces a non-traded final commodity wage inequality worsens if the low-skill sector is capital-intensive and employs only a very small proportion of the unskilled workforce and if the primary export sector is unskilled labour-intensive. Appropriate policy recommendations for improving the wage inequality have also been made.
2007-03-16
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2645/1/MPRA_paper_2645.pdf
Chaudhuri, Sarbajit and Yabuuchi, Shigemi (2007): Foreign Capital and Skilled-unskilled Wage Inequality in a Developing Economy with Non-traded Goods.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2646
2019-09-26T10:26:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2646/
Foreign Capital, Return to Education and Child labour
Dwibedi, Jayanta
Chaudhuri, Sarbajit
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
This paper attempts to identify the different channels through which economic reforms can affect the incidence of child labour in a developing economy. Using a three-sector general equilibrium model it shows that inflows of foreign capital can lower the problem of child labour by raising the return to education and reducing the earning opportunities of children. It demonstrates how foreign capital produces favourable effect on the incidence of child labour although it affects wage inequality adversely.
2007-03-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2646/1/MPRA_paper_2646.pdf
Dwibedi, Jayanta and Chaudhuri, Sarbajit (2007): Foreign Capital, Return to Education and Child labour.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2652
2019-09-27T22:58:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3136
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2652/
The new world order and the failure of globalisation
Freeman, Alan
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
O16 - Financial Markets ; Saving and Capital Investment ; Corporate Finance and Governance
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
This is a fuller but earlier prepublication version of an analysis of stagnation and divergence in the world economy which appeared in Pettifor, A (2003) Real World Economic Outlook, pp152-159. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, pp152-164.
It uses data published by the IMF’s World Economic Outlook team to establish that world GDP per head, calculated in constant 1995 dollars at current market exchange, remained static between 1980 and 2002 and declined absolutely between 1988 and 2002.
Over the same period – ‘globalisation’, understood as the period of intense financial deregulation and the creation of a world market in capital – this article uses the same figures to prove that the income gap between the North and the South has doubled.
Inequality is measured as the ratio between GDP per capita in the IMF’s ‘Advanced countries’ and all remaining countries, in current dollars at market exchange rates.
At the beginning of globalisation this ratio was approximately 10 to 1. By 2002 it was nearly 23 to 1. Over this period the real average GDP per capita of the ‘non-advanced countries’ comprising four-fifths of the world’s population, has fallen absolutely, from $1400 to $1100 per year.
This economic failure, the article argues, is the underlying cause of the political instability that characterises the current period. The most basic problem of the world economy has not been solved – the imbalance between the declining relative productivity of the USA and its commercial and military dominance.
The result is predicted to be a unstable period of history as these contradictions work their way through into the political sphere.
Keywords: Divergence; stagnation; World Economy; Kondratieff; Development; Europe; US; value; price; TSSI; temporalism; profit rate; polarisation; inequality; globalisation; deregulation; imperialism; World Systems Theory; unequal exchange; dependency; North-South
2002-12-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2652/1/MPRA_paper_2652.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2002): The new world order and the failure of globalisation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2793
2019-09-27T00:33:49Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2793/
Europe, Space of Freedom and Security. Migration and mobility: Assets and challenges for the enlargement of the European Union
Silasi, Grigore
Simina, Ovidiu Laurian
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
F22 - International Migration
The ‘Jean Monnet’ European Centre of Excellence (C03/0110) and the School of High Comparative European Studies (SISEC), both from the West University of Timisoara, propose to launch the scientific debate on the migration and mobility within the Romanian universities, the academic life and among the policies and decision makers from Romania. The International Colloquium Migration and Mobility: Assets and Challenges for the Enlargement of the European Union proposed for 4-5 of May 2006 is part of the SISEC bi-annual project "EUROPE: SPACE OF FREEDOM AND SECURITY", dedicated to study of European Affairs, with focus on migration and mobility, in the framework of the European Year of Workers’ Mobility 2006. The participants were both renowned experts on migration and mobility, and PhD students interested in the challenging subjects proposed.
2006-05-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2793/1/MPRA_paper_2793.pdf
Silasi, Grigore and Simina, Ovidiu Laurian (2006): Europe, Space of Freedom and Security. Migration and mobility: Assets and challenges for the enlargement of the European Union. Forthcoming in: (2006)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2857
2019-10-17T16:57:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2857/
Internationalization Strategies and Productivity: Evidence from Foreign Owned Companies Operating in the Greek Manufacturing Sector
Halkos, George
Tzeremes, Nickolaos
O30 - General
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
L60 - General
This paper using Malmquist productivity indexes analyzes the impact of internalization on productivity efficiency and competitive advantage for a sample of 395 firms with foreign ownership operating in the Greek manufacturing sector. A number of different factors in respect to firms’ productivity performance and creation of competitive advantage are been explored. The productive and most competitive firms with foreign ownership seem to have definite and strong characteristics relative to their size. Our empirical results imply that the resources (tangible and intangible) which are utilized and obtained through the firms internationalization strategies have a direct impact on the firms’ productivity and hence to their competitive advantage.
2005-10-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2857/1/MPRA_paper_2857.pdf
Halkos, George and Tzeremes, Nickolaos (2005): Internationalization Strategies and Productivity: Evidence from Foreign Owned Companies Operating in the Greek Manufacturing Sector.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2860
2019-09-27T10:31:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2860/
Determinantes macroeconómicos regionales de la migración mexicana
Mendoza, Jorge Eduardo
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
F22 - International Migration
J01 - Labor Economics: General
This article estimates the macroeconomic determinants of Mexican migration to the U.S.A., using information on the regional economic characteristics of the Mexican states, in a context of economic integration with the U.S. economy. A cross sectional database at the regional level is used to estimate a weighted least squares regression. The results show that the ratio of the U.S.A.’s PIB to Mexico’s states PIB showed a positive effect on migration,suggesting regional economic determinants for migration. In this case, the PIB per cápita had a negative effect, which implies that the poorest states experienced incentives for migration. Additionally, state unemployment rates and permanent migrant stocks exhibited a positive effect on the rates of migration growth at the state level in Mexico, supporting the approaches that consider those variables as factors for migration. The variables reflecting the impact of economic liberalization were not conclusive, although foreign direct investment exhibited a positive coefficient with respect to migration growth.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2860/1/MPRA_paper_2860.pdf
Mendoza, Jorge Eduardo (2006): Determinantes macroeconómicos regionales de la migración mexicana. Published in: Migraciones Internacionales , Vol. 3, No. 4 (December 2006): pp. 118-145.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2952
2019-09-27T16:28:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463532
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2952/
The impact of post-9/11 visa policies on travel to the United States
Neiman, Brent
Swagel, Phillip
F52 - National Security ; Economic Nationalism
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
This paper examines the impact of post-9/11 changes in visa and security policy on business and leisure travel to the United States. American businesses, tourism industry
representatives, and politicians pointed to changes in visa policies as being responsible for a sharp decline in short-term visitors following the September 11 attacks. Several foreign governments likewise complained that visa requirements and other security measures were making it difficult for their citizens to travel to the United States. Using an empirical model which distinguishes the impact of visa policy from economic and country-specific factors, we find that changes in visa policy in the aftermath of 9/11 were not important contributors to the decrease in travel to the United States. Rather, the reduction in entries was largest among travelers who were not required to obtain a visa.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2952/1/MPRA_paper_2952.pdf
Neiman, Brent and Swagel, Phillip (2007): The impact of post-9/11 visa policies on travel to the United States.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3084
2019-09-26T13:07:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3084/
The Determinants and Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment
Accolley, Delali
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
Some theories on the determinants and impacts of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) are presented and critically discussed. In the empirical investigations which follow this, the effects of some macroeconomic variables such as economic growth, market size, degree of openness, real effective exchange rate, and labor cost on flows of FDI into the USA have been tested. In the specification of the econometric model, account has been taken of the fact that economic growth could be both a determinant and impact of FDI inflows. The main finding is that economic growth in the USA does not explain the long-run behavior of the FDI inflows equation. It can explain its short run behavior but not significantly. Besides, it has been found that FDI inflows contribute to economic growth in the USA. Open-market operations have been proposed as economic policy to attract FDI flows.
2003-10-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3084/1/MPRA_paper_3084.pdf
Accolley, Delali (2003): The Determinants and Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3107
2019-09-28T18:41:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3107/
Obstaculos al comercio en el TLCAN: el caso del transporte de carga
Mendoza, Eduardo
Diaz, Eliseo
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F15 - Economic Integration
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
One theme that has not been resolved within NAFTA is the issue of cargo transportation. This activity is predominant in US and Mexican commerce and has been carried out by a number of enterprises in both countries. The study seeks to discuss the urgent need to dismantle obstacles to cargo transportation trade in order to encourage surface transportation exports and promote profitable business for both American and Mexican companies.
2003-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3107/1/MPRA_paper_3107.pdf
Mendoza, Eduardo and Diaz, Eliseo (2003): Obstaculos al comercio en el TLCAN: el caso del transporte de carga. Published in: Revista de Comercio Exterior , Vol. 53, (December 2003): pp. 1112-1120.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3168
2019-10-05T17:22:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3168/
Occupational Diversification, Offshoring and Labor Market Volatility
Bardhan, Ashok
Tang, John
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
Are occupations that are well diversified across sectors less volatile, and less susceptible to external shocks? Most external shocks (e.g. manufacturing offshoring, oil shocks) impact the labor market along sectoral lines, i.e. they impact product and output markets; consequently, they affect employment in various occupations. Some shocks, however, like services offshoring, affect horizontals or occupations. We find that an occupation spread across many industrial sectors is less volatile in terms of numbers employed and the average wage. A dummy variable for offshoreable occupations does not affect the results; however, geographically clustered occupations seem more “at-risk,” after accounting for sectoral diversification.
2006-10-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3168/1/MPRA_paper_3168.pdf
Bardhan, Ashok and Tang, John (2006): Occupational Diversification, Offshoring and Labor Market Volatility.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3360
2019-09-27T00:24:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34:4E3434
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3337
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463432
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463533
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31:4E3137
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463335
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3360/
African Migration to Europe:Obscured Responsibilities and Common Misconceptions
Kohnert, Dirk
O52 - Europe
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
N44 - Europe: 1913-
F22 - International Migration
N37 - Africa ; Oceania
F42 - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
O55 - Africa
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
F53 - International Agreements and Observance ; International Organizations
N17 - Africa ; Oceania
F35 - Foreign Aid
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
The number of migrants from conflict regions in Africa has been increasing dramatically. The European Union shares dual responsibility for the continuing migration pressure: First, because they fostered over decades corrupt and autocratic regimes with dire disregard to principles of ‘good governance’. The aftermath of these regimes is still to be felt today, and constitutes one of the underlying factors for politically motivated migration. Secondly, the EU contributed to Africa’s economic misery, due to the damaging effects of European selfish external trade policy. Nevertheless, the prevailing perspective of the EU and of its member countries concerning African immigration remains to be focused on security, the foreclosure of its external borders and prevention. Current EU programs and concepts to combat African migration are questionable. Even development orientated approaches are bound to fail, if not backed by sustainable immigration policies.
2007-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3360/1/MPRA_paper_3360.pdf
Kohnert, Dirk (2007): African Migration to Europe:Obscured Responsibilities and Common Misconceptions.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3446
2019-10-05T04:53:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463132
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3446/
Trade and migration: a U-shaped transition in Eastern Europe
Cristobal, Adolfo
J30 - General
F22 - International Migration
F12 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies ; Fragmentation
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
This paper proposes a 2-country 3-region economic geography model that can account for the most salient stylized facts experienced by Eastern European transition economies during the 1990s. In contrast to the existing literature, which has favored technological explanations, trade liberalization and factor mobility are the only driving forces. The model correctly predicts that in the first half of the decade trade liberalization led to divergence in GDP per capita, both between the West and the East and within the East. Consistent with the data, in the second half of the decade, internal labor mobility in the East reversed this process, and convergence became the dominant force. The model furthermore shows that the same U-shaped pattern applies to relative industrialization of West and East, although within the East the hinterland continued to lose industry throughout the decade.
2007-06-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3446/1/MPRA_paper_3446.pdf
Cristobal, Adolfo (2007): Trade and migration: a U-shaped transition in Eastern Europe.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3671
2019-09-26T17:56:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3671/
The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Agricultural Productivity and Poverty Reduction in Tanzania
Msuya, Elibariki
Q01 - Sustainable Development
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
In this paper, the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on agricultural productivity and poverty reduction are examined. Factors that hinder FDI flow to agriculture in Tanzania are assessed. Specifically, the role of FDI in improving an agricultural firm’s efficiency in Tanzania and reforms required for more effective investment promotion in agriculture are examined. The study uses literature review to draw its conclusions and policy recommendations. It is observed that FDI has a positive impact on productivity especially to smallholder farmers who are linked in integrated producer schemes. The study recommends rethinking of the smallholder institutional setup for increasing productivity and FDI flow to the agricultural sector. An important implication of the results is that FDI to Tanzania and specifically to agriculture, has a much more far- reaching economic and social impact than in other sectors.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3671/1/MPRA_paper_3671.pdf
Msuya, Elibariki (2007): The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Agricultural Productivity and Poverty Reduction in Tanzania.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4111
2019-09-26T22:10:45Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3534
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4111/
La inversión extranjera directa como una salida al problema de la brecha de bienes de capital y conocimientos en México
Lozano Cortés, René
Cabrera-Castellanos, Luis F.
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
O54 - Latin America ; Caribbean
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
In this work we made an empirical application of the model of Romer (1993) for the 32 states of Mexico on period 1990-2000, in order to determine if this country faces a gap of physical goods or a technological gap in the ample sense (that is to say, that inlcluye knowledge and ideas). We found that in the indicated period, Mexico faces both gaps, and therefore, it can take advantage from the direct foreign Investment to cover both.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4111/1/MPRA_paper_4111.pdf
Lozano Cortés, René and Cabrera-Castellanos, Luis F. (2007): La inversión extranjera directa como una salida al problema de la brecha de bienes de capital y conocimientos en México. Forthcoming in: Revista Portal , Vol. 2, No. No.3 (2007)
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4175
2019-09-28T10:38:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4175/
Explaining Trade Flows: Traditional and New Determinants of Trade Patterns
Gourdon, Julien
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
F11 - Neoclassical Models of Trade
An empirical tradition in international trade seeks to establish whether the predictions of factor abundance theory match with the data. The relation between factor endowments and trade in goods (commodity version of Hecksher-Ohlin) provide mildly encouraging empirical results. But in the analysis of factor service trade and factor endowments (factor content version of HO), the results show that it performs poorly and reject strict HOV models in favor of modifications that allow for technology differences, consumer’s preferences differences, increasing returns to scale or cost of trade. In this paper we test if these “new” determinants help us to improve our estimation of trade patterns in commodities. Since the commodity version allows obtaining a large panel data we also compare two periods, pre and post 1980. We use a Heckman procedure to allow for non linearity in the relation between factors endowments and net exports and between trade intensity and net exports. The results show that adding the “new” determinants of factor content studies help us to improve the prediction of being specialized in the different manufactured products. However specialization according to factor endowments is stronger than ever, especially concerning the specialization according to human capital endowment. Trade patterns are also determined by trade intensity. Here differences in technology, trade policy, transport and transaction costs, explain the difference in trade intensity.
2006-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4175/1/MPRA_paper_4175.pdf
Gourdon, Julien (2006): Explaining Trade Flows: Traditional and New Determinants of Trade Patterns.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4228
2019-09-26T12:20:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433638
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463234
7375626A656374733D46:4631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4228/
Remittances, trade liberalisation, and poverty in Pakistan: The role of excluded variables in poverty change analysis
Siddiqui, Rizwana
Kemal, A.R.
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
F24 - Remittances
F1 - Trade
This paper explores the impact of two shocks, trade liberalisation policies and decline in remittances, on welfare and poverty in Pakistan. It begins by reviewing the economy, which reveals that during the Nineties although import tariffs were reduced by 55 percent, poverty however remained higher in this period than in the Eighties. At the same time, Pakistan has experienced a slow down in the inflow of remittances, which reduces the incomes of households and puts pressure on the exchange rate resulting in reduction in the inflow of imports despite a reduction in import duties. Thus, in the absence of the effects of decline in remittances, the analysis of the impact of trade liberalisation policies may render biased results. This study overcomes this constriction and analyses the impact of trade liberalisation policies in the absence and presence of decline in remittances in a CGE framework with all the features necessary for trade policy analysis with poverty and remittances linkages. The simulation results show that a decline in remittances reduces the gains from trade liberalisation. The negative impact of remittance decline dominates the positive impact of trade liberalisation in urban areas. But, the positive impact of trade liberalisation dominates the negative impact of a decline in remittances in the case of rural areas. Poverty rises in Pakistan as a whole. It shows that the decline in remittance inflows is a major contributory factor in explaining the increase in poverty in Pakistan during the Nineties.
2002-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4228/1/MPRA_paper_4228.pdf
Siddiqui, Rizwana and Kemal, A.R. (2002): Remittances, trade liberalisation, and poverty in Pakistan: The role of excluded variables in poverty change analysis. Published in: The Pakistan Development Review , Vol. 45, No. 3 (October 2006): pp. 383-415.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4248
2019-09-26T18:02:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4248/
A Monetary Union Model with Cash-in-Advance Constraints
Cengiz, Gulfer
Cicek, Deniz
Kuzubas, Tolga Umut
Olcay, Nadide Banu
Saglam, Ismail
F22 - International Migration
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
We characterize the monetary competitive equilibrium in a two-country monetary union model involving cash-in-advance constraints both in the factor markets and in the good markets. Simulations show that common money inflation in the union have asymmetric effects on the welfare of workers in the two countries which are technologically differentiated. We also find that the distribution of the money stock within the union may affect labor flow across the countries.
2007-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4248/1/MPRA_paper_4248.pdf
Cengiz, Gulfer and Cicek, Deniz and Kuzubas, Tolga Umut and Olcay, Nadide Banu and Saglam, Ismail (2007): A Monetary Union Model with Cash-in-Advance Constraints.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4249
2019-09-30T01:15:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463530
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D46:4635
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4249/
Immigration to the European Union - Challenges and Opportunities for a Europe of 25+
Genchev, Vassil
F50 - General
F22 - International Migration
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
The rising numbers of people willing to risk their lives in illegally crossing land, air or sea borders into the European Union has brought this aspect of migration into the limelight in the last few years. There is a lot more to be discussed in this context, except for the obvious shock and drama following the appalling images of bodies washed ashore in the Mediterranean. This work argues that the EU needs migration which is well managed and carried out in wide cooperation involving all potential stakeholders. It begins with an overview of a range of economic theories on Migration and discusses the development of EU policies in the field. Without taking extreme views or launching sharp critiques of the EU or the migrants' countries of origin, the paper attempts to deliver a broad overview and an impartial assessment of the immigration to the European Union.
2005-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4249/1/MPRA_paper_4249.pdf
Genchev, Vassil (2005): Immigration to the European Union - Challenges and Opportunities for a Europe of 25+.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4428
2019-10-25T06:12:02Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4474
2019-10-01T10:28:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4474/
Diversified Occupations, Offshoring and Labor Market Volatility
Bardhan, Ashok
Tang, John
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
Are occupations that are well diversified across sectors less volatile and less susceptible to external shocks? Most external shocks, like manufacturing offshoring and oil shocks, impact the labor market along sectoral lines, i.e. they impact product and output markets; consequently, they affect employment in various occupations. Some shocks, however, like services offshoring, affect horizontals or occupations. We suggest a new approach to assess the vulnerability of jobs due to such shocks. We find that an occupation spread across multiple industries is less volatile in terms of numbers employed and the average wage. Including various measures of an occupation's offshorability does not affect the results; however, geographically clustered occupations seem more “at-risk,” after accounting for sectoral diversification.
2006-10-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4474/1/MPRA_paper_4474.pdf
Bardhan, Ashok and Tang, John (2006): Diversified Occupations, Offshoring and Labor Market Volatility.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4499
2019-09-27T14:50:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463133
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4499/
Doing Business in Mexico
Zimmermann, Thomas A.
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F20 - General
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations
M30 - General
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
On 1 July 2001, a far-reaching free trade agreement between the EFTA States and Mexico entered into force. ”Doing Business in Mexico” provides targeted assistance to Swiss Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SME) that wish to tap the potential of Mexico as both an export destination and investment location. This comprehensive guide contains information and advice on market research, market entry, and investment in this fascinating country.
Part I introduces the reader to this fascinating country, its long history, its politics and its economy. It becomes clear that Mexico is undergoing a deep transition from a
country with one party rule and a closed economy to a pluralist democracy and a
major player in the world economy. This situation offers excellent opportunities, provided
it is approached appropriately and precautions are taken to minimise risks. Business
persons interested in establishing a business relationship with Mexico should take the
time to familiarise themselves with the historical and political evolution (Chapter 2)
and the economic environment (Chapter 3) of Mexico.
Part II focuses on core business aspects: Chapter 4 on market research is conceived as
a navigator to help Swiss SME representatives retrieve targeted information. Fortunately,
many Mexican institutions, public and private, have invested heavily into their websites:
Industry-specific data, business directories or market access information are readily
available and constitute a formidable online information resource on the Mexican
economy that is only a few mouse clicks away. In Chapter 5, the pros and cons of
different market entry modes are discussed, and advice is given with regard to successful
partnering in Mexico – probably one of the most important factors for foreign firms in
the Mexican market. Chapter 6 contains a guide to exporting, including some
technicalities of the export business. We hope that the information contained therein
will assist you in getting your goods across the border and into the Mexican market.
The information on foreign direct investment (FDI) which is contained in Chapter 7 will
be of help to those readers who are contemplating business presence in the Mexican
market. It gives an overview of the legal framework, the business climate, favourable
investment locations, selected costs and basic administrative processes. Some of these
issues are also taken up in Chapter 8 which deals with selected aspects of the legal
environment. Finally, Chapter 9 is a wrap-up of Part II, recalling briefly major success
factors and challenges when doing business in Mexico. It highlights the importance of
”soft factors” and cultural considerations for successfully dealing with Mexican partners.
Part III contains some practical advice for business travellers. Last but not least, Part IV offers information on resources which Swiss SMEs may tap in search of additional
assistance or information for their Mexican venture: Chapter 11 offers a vast compilation
of selected business contacts and references both in Mexico and Switzerland. The goal
is to list institutions which are able to provide targeted assistance and expert advice at
all stages of market research, market entry and investment. The list has been put
together with the conviction that Swiss SMEs will sooner or later have to rely on local
expertise in the market entry process, be it in order to cope with the legal requirements
of establishing a business presence or to conduct thorough background checks of
potential partners, both of which are necessary for business success. Chapter 12 contains
a bibliography with a selection of the literature that I used when writing this book and
which may be of help to Swiss SMEs dealing with particular issues. Finally, Chapter 13
concludes with some internet addresses that point to major Mexican media and internet
portals with general Mexican content.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4499/1/MPRA_paper_4499.pdf
Zimmermann, Thomas A. (2002): Doing Business in Mexico. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4531
2019-10-02T16:44:08Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4531/
Benchmark nations at the conversion of foreign direct investments into international trade: A non-parametric analysis of the G7 and Bric nations
Rivera Rivera, Edward Bernard Bastiaan
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
Exploring the relationship evidenced by literature between FDI and trade, a non-parametric approach has been developed in order to create an index that reflects the nations' capacity to generate imports and exports from FDI inflows and outflows. Thus, a ranking (FDI-Trade Index Ranking) has been elaborated on which the G7 and the BRIC countries are analyzed. The results indicate that China, India, Japan and Russia are the benchmark nations – countries internationally classified as the “big movers” of the new structure of global trade.
2007-05-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4531/1/MPRA_paper_4531.pdf
Rivera Rivera, Edward Bernard Bastiaan (2007): Benchmark nations at the conversion of foreign direct investments into international trade: A non-parametric analysis of the G7 and Bric nations. Published in: Symposium on Production, Logistics and International Operations (SIMPOI) , Vol. 2007/0, No. 1518-6539 (10 August 2007)
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4532
2019-10-04T17:20:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4532/
UMA NOVA ABORDAGEM INSUMO-PRODUTO: NAÇÕES BENCHMARK NA TRANSFORMAÇÃO DE INVESTIMENTOS DIRETOS EM COMÉRCIO INTERNACIONAL
Rivera Rivera, Edward Bernard Bastiaan
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
Bien qu’il soit naturel de penser que l’investissement direct étranger (IDE) et le
commerce international peuvent se remplacer mutuellement car ils consistent théoriquement
en deux modes alternatives d’entrée, on observe que deux tiers du commerce international
est s’effectue entre et dans les entreprises. L’objectif de cette recherche est de suggérer une nouvelle méthodologie non paramétrique pour le développement d’un indice d’efficience entrées-sorties et de l’appliquer à une situation de macroéconomie ouverte, dans laquelle les investissements directs sont les entrées et les flux commerciaux, les sorties produits.
Ensuite, on dresse un classement qui reflète avec réalisme la capacité des nations à
transformer leurs investissements directs en commerce international proprement dit. On
observe la Chine et l’Inde – pays qui cherchent l’hégémonie régionale et l’influence global – comme leaders, tandis que la France – qui fait actuellement des efforts pour rester compétitive technologiquement et productivement – occupe la dernière position dans ce classement effectué selon cette nouvelle approche entrées-sorties.
2007-02-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4532/1/MPRA_paper_4532.pdf
Rivera Rivera, Edward Bernard Bastiaan (2007): UMA NOVA ABORDAGEM INSUMO-PRODUTO: NAÇÕES BENCHMARK NA TRANSFORMAÇÃO DE INVESTIMENTOS DIRETOS EM COMÉRCIO INTERNACIONAL. Published in: 4º Congresso do Instituto Franco-Brasileiro de Administração de Empresas - IFBAE , Vol. CDU 33, No. 4.:2007:Porto Alegre, RS (25 May 2007)
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4534
2019-09-28T06:09:38Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4534/
Políticas financeiras nas estratégias de internacionalização: efeitos do IED sobre as exportações brasileiras
Rivera Rivera, Edward Bernard Bastiaan
Cassano, Francisco Américo
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
Le présent article a pour objectif de vérifier l’influence que l’IDE (investissement direct étranger) exerce sur les exportations brésiliennes. Pour guider cet étude, la question-problème suivante s’est posée : comment l’IDE influence-t-il les flux d’exportations brésiliennes ? Une révision de la littérature a été réalisée, permettant ainsi d’identifier la diversité des motivations par rapport à l’exécution de l’IDE, à ses finalités et à son applicabilité spécifiques. Dans le but d’attribuer un plus grand degré de certitude aux constatations obtenues dans la révision de la littérature, une analyse économétrique a été développée avec l’IDE comme variable indépendante et les exportations brésiliennes comme variable dépendante, permettant ainsi d’obtenir les résultats suivants : l’IDE n’a pas une nature complémentaire par rapport aux exportations brésiliennes ; la dépréciation du taux de change n’est pas une force macroéconomique significative pour augmenter les exportations brésiliennes ; l’investissement direct brésilien joue un rôle stimulateur d’exportations brésiliennes par l’approvisionnement des facteurs de production (inputs) aux unités liées à tels investissements ainsi que par l’amélioration de la distribution de produits dans le marché étranger. Comme réponse à la question-problème, l’IDE n’a pas exercé d’influence significative sur les exportations brésiliennes ces dernières années.
2007-02-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4534/1/MPRA_paper_4534.pdf
Rivera Rivera, Edward Bernard Bastiaan and Cassano, Francisco Américo (2007): Políticas financeiras nas estratégias de internacionalização: efeitos do IED sobre as exportações brasileiras. Published in: 4º Congresso do Instituto Franco-Brasileiro de Administração de Empresas - IFBAE , Vol. CDU 33, No. 4.: 2007: Porto Alegre, RS (25 May 2007)
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4595
2019-09-26T08:38:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4595/
Attitudes Towards Immigrants and Relative Deprivation: The Case of a Middle-Income Country
Aleksynska, Mariya
F22 - International Migration
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
This paper applies the concept of group relative deprivation to studying formation
of attitudes towards immigrants in a middle-income country’s setting. It finds that the
feeling of relative deprivation adversely affects the attitudes, even when the potential
endogeneity of relative deprivation is taken into account. Furthermore, relative
deprivation matters only for natives who subjectively underestimate their well-being, but
not for those who overestimate it. When considering other forms of natives’ perceived
disadvantage, such as in terms of employment, access to education or medical facilities,
there is a weak evidence that only perceived disadvantage in obtaining medical aid
negatively affects the attitudes.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4595/1/MPRA_paper_4595.pdf
Aleksynska, Mariya (2007): Attitudes Towards Immigrants and Relative Deprivation: The Case of a Middle-Income Country.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4616
2019-09-27T10:39:52Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4698
2020-01-01T14:24:08Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4830
2019-10-01T05:39:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4830/
Capital Flight and the Hollowing Out of the Philippine Economy in the Neoliberal Regime
Beja, Edsel Jr.
F20 - General
B50 - General
Capital flight is the movement of capital from a resource-scarce developing country to avoid social controls, and measured as net unrecorded capital outflow. Capital flight from the Philippines was $16 billion in the 1970s, $36 billion in the 1980s, and $43 billion in the 1990s. Indeed these figures are significant amounts of lost resources that could have been utilized in the country to generate additional output and jobs. Capital flight from the Philippines followed a revolving door process – that is, capital inflows were used to finance the capital outflows. This process became more pronounced with financial liberalization in the 1990s. With these results, we argue that capital flight resulted in the hollowing out of the Philippine economy and, more important, neoliberal policies underpinned the process.
2006-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4830/1/MPRA_paper_4830.pdf
Beja, Edsel Jr. (2006): Capital Flight and the Hollowing Out of the Philippine Economy in the Neoliberal Regime. Published in: Kasarinlan , Vol. 1, No. 21 (May 2006): pp. 55-74.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4844
2019-09-29T08:00:59Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4844/
Attraction of Foreign Direct Investments as a Challenge in Accession Process to European Union
Stanisic, Nenad
Jankovic, Nenad
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
When we speak about the significance of foreign direct investments (FDI) for the transition economies of Southeastern Europe, we mainly think of two important effects of FDI: effect on economic growth and effect on export performances. Both economic features (growth and export performance) are important for the transition economies in sense of European Union (EU) accession prospect. The experience of Central European countries, now members of European Union, shows that FDI inflows from EU countries were indicator of country’s reform progress. After short review of relevant researches, we analyzed the statistical relationship between FDI inflow and economic growth. Results don’t reveal any positive correlation between these two variables. However, FDI play important role in technology transfer and improve technological development level in transition economies.
On the other hand, our research shows that FDI are correlated with improving of export’s structure of transition countries. FDI inflows in Central European countries were followed by changes of factorial intensity of export goods, as by sectoral structure of export, in positive manner. Compared with Central European transition countries, region of Southeastern Europe has less success in attracting FDI, which consequently results in weaker economic and export performances. FDI have an important role in export’s structure convergence between EU and transition countries.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4844/1/MPRA_paper_4844.pdf
Stanisic, Nenad and Jankovic, Nenad (2006): Attraction of Foreign Direct Investments as a Challenge in Accession Process to European Union. Published in: Regional Economic Cooperation in South Eastern Europe: Third International Conference of ASECU Proceedings (2006)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5037
2019-09-27T09:56:05Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5037/
Industrial Clusters and Regional Development. The Case of Timisoara and Montebelluna.
Isbasoiu, George - Marian
F22 - International Migration
R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
Today’s economic climate is dominated by inter-firms networks, which have become powerful instruments for building economic capacity for regions to compete in the global market place. Industry clusters are recognised as playing a significant role both in regional economic development and in improvements to quality of life. The aim of this paper is to investigate this influence and to tackle the issues of de-localisation, decentralisation and cluster development as strategy for urban regeneration by comparing two clusters: Montebelluna and Timisoara. Clusters are a common reality in all economies and have traditionally been equated with cities. Across all European regions and cities there is a growing specialisation and concentration or clustering of industries in response to increasing competition and outsourcing as a result of economic reforms and globalisation. Industry clusters comprise groups of firms that share common suppliers, distributors and know-how and find advantage in a specific geographic location. Based on such insights, the paper suggests a theoretical proposal, supported by practical evidence.
2006-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5037/1/MPRA_paper_5037.pdf
Isbasoiu, George - Marian (2006): Industrial Clusters and Regional Development. The Case of Timisoara and Montebelluna. Forthcoming in: ICFAI University Press (1 January 2008)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5212
2019-10-12T05:20:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5212/
North American Integration and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment
Tekin-Koru, Ayca
Waldkirch, Andreas
F15 - Economic Integration
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
We investigate how the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has altered the pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI) in North America. The theoretical analysis suggests that NAFTA affects the incentives of U.S. and non-U.S. firms locating in Mexico differently and may lead to investment diversion from the U.S. Combining U.S. and Mexican FDI data and using a difference-in-differences estimator, we find that U.S. FDI in Mexico has increased since the inception of NAFTA in a manner that cannot be explained entirely by the usual FDI determinants. Other countries have been using Mexico as an export platform since before NAFTA with no discernible positive effect from the agreement. We find little evidence that inward U.S. FDI has been diverted. The results are robust to a number of different model and econometric specifications as well as the skill data used.
2007-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5212/1/MPRA_paper_5212.pdf
Tekin-Koru, Ayca and Waldkirch, Andreas (2007): North American Integration and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5219
2019-09-28T02:02:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5219/
THE IMPLICATIONS OF EMERGENCE OF CHINA TOWARDS ASEAN-5: FDI-GDP PERSPECTIVE
Puah, Chin-Hong
Kueh, Jerome Swee-Hui
Lau, Evan
C32 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes ; State Space Models
O53 - Asia including Middle East
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
The relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Gross Domestic Products (GDP) had become the centre piece of recent researches in identifying the short run and long run implications between the two variables. Using the hypotheses of FDI led GDP and GDP led FDI as theoretical framework, this study intends to analyze the implications of the rise of China towards the ASEAN-5 countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand from the perspective of FDI and GDP. The cointegration and vector error correlation estimate test results showed that there is a significant positive long run relationship between FDI of China and GDP of ASEAN-5. However, we failed to detect any short run causal relationship among the variables under study.
2007-10-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5219/1/MPRA_paper_5219.pdf
Puah, Chin-Hong and Kueh, Jerome Swee-Hui and Lau, Evan (2007): THE IMPLICATIONS OF EMERGENCE OF CHINA TOWARDS ASEAN-5: FDI-GDP PERSPECTIVE.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5390
2019-09-28T04:46:17Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3134
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3537
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5390/
High tech foreign direct investment and its impact on economic development
Marasco, Antonio
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
C31 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models ; Quantile Regressions ; Social Interaction Models
O57 - Comparative Studies of Countries
Recent empirical studies concerning the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic development have all been taking into account FDI as a whole. However, the theoretical literature on the topic argues that more attention should be devoted to distinguishing FDI by type, and suggests that FDI with high technological content might play a peculiar role. This paper investigates the existence and the magnitude of this peculiar effect. With reference to developing countries, we find strong evidence that countries with a larger population and a larger stock of human capital, and countries that enjoy lesser uncertainty, are able to attract more FDI with a higher technological content. We also find evidence pointing towards a positive relationship between the share of technology embodied into FDI and the level of economic development in the host country.
2002-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5390/1/MPRA_paper_5390.pdf
Marasco, Antonio (2002): High tech foreign direct investment and its impact on economic development.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5481
2019-09-26T22:16:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3139
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5481/
Assessing the Preconditions in Establishing an Independent Regulatory and Supervisory Agency in Globalized Financial Markets: The Case of Turkey
Aysan, Ahmet Faruk
Al, Huseyin
O19 - International Linkages to Development ; Role of International Organizations
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
Recent financial crises highlight weaknesses in financial markets and the need for regulatory and supervisory bodies (RSB) to improve the stability of financial markets. Currently, international institutions like the IMF and the World Bank place the independent RSB among their principle policy recommendations to developing countries. This paper acknowledges the importance of independent RSB for the proper functioning of financial markets. However, this paper also points out the preconditions to establish independent RSB. Unless certain prerequisites are satisfied, policy recommendations to construct an independent RSB are doomed to fail. The recent Turkish experience is provided as a case study to elucidate this conclusion. This paper first presents the arguments for independent RSB and the policy recommendations in institution building for stronger financial system. Then, the background of Turkish experience for independent RSB is provided. Finally, we analyze the primary reasons for the deficient performance of Turkish RSB over the last five years in an attempt to provide actual lessons for the future institutional reforms.
2006-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5481/1/MPRA_paper_5481.pdf
Aysan, Ahmet Faruk and Al, Huseyin (2006): Assessing the Preconditions in Establishing an Independent Regulatory and Supervisory Agency in Globalized Financial Markets: The Case of Turkey. Published in: International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research , Vol. 4, No. 2 (December 2006): pp. 125-146.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5489
2019-09-26T11:33:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463336
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5489/
Globalization of Turkey’s Banking Sector: the Determinants of Foreign Bank Penetration in Turkey
Aysan, Ahmet Faruk
Ceyhan, Sanli Pinar
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
Motivated by the increased importance of foreign bank entry, this paper takes a look at the issue from the perspective of both foreign entrants and the host country. What are the conditions that make the host country market attractive to foreign entrants? What changes in the home country motivate foreign banks to expand abroad? Attracted by the “pull” and “push” factors, foreign banks enter into the banking sector of the host country resulting in both benefits and costs to the domestic sector. Having given the reasons and the effects of foreign entry in a theoretical framework, this study attempts to find out any match of the theory with the evidence.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5489/1/MPRA_paper_5489.pdf
Aysan, Ahmet Faruk and Ceyhan, Sanli Pinar (2006): Globalization of Turkey’s Banking Sector: the Determinants of Foreign Bank Penetration in Turkey.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5491
2019-09-27T06:01:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463336
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5491/
Why Do Foreign Banks Invest In Turkey?
Aysan, Ahmet Faruk
Ceyhan, Sanli Pinar
F20 - General
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
Sound macroeconomic policies, increasing global liquidity and higher real returns in developing countries played an important role in canalizing capital towards developing markets. Recent improvement in the developing Turkish economy brought the issue of foreign entry to the foreground. High growth potential backed by an increasing population, falling inflation rates and the birth of the mortgage sector made Turkey an ideal place to expand into. This article is not concerned about whether foreign entry is good nor does it discuss the subsequent effects. Rather, it attempts exclusively to shed light on the motivations behind entry to Turkey utilizing recent entry cases.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5491/1/MPRA_paper_5491.pdf
Aysan, Ahmet Faruk and Ceyhan, Sanli Pinar (2006): Why Do Foreign Banks Invest In Turkey?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5549
2019-09-27T09:19:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483536
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31:4E3135
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463539
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503136
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5549/
Cheap wars
Nitzan, Jonathan
Bichler, Shimshon
H56 - National Security and War
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
N15 - Asia including Middle East
F59 - Other
P16 - Political Economy
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
The new conflicts of the twenty-first century – the 'infinite wars,' the 'clashes of civilization,' the 'new crusades' – are fundamentally different from the mass wars and statist military conflicts that characterized capitalism from the nineteenth century until the end of the Cold War. The novelty lies not so much in the military nature of the conflicts, as in the broader role that war now plays in capitalism.
2006-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5549/1/MPRA_paper_5549.pdf
Nitzan, Jonathan and Bichler, Shimshon (2006): Cheap wars. Published in: The Economy of the Occupation. A Socioeconomic Bulletin No. 10 (September 2006): pp. 1-32.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5578
2019-09-27T12:41:12Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D50:5031
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503136
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463534
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5578/
New imperialism or new capitalism?
Nitzan, Jonathan
Bichler, Shimshon
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
P1 - Capitalist Systems
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
P16 - Political Economy
F54 - Colonialism ; Imperialism ; Postcolonialism
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
Over the past century, the institution of capital and the process of its accumulation have been fundamentally transformed. By contrast, the theories that explain this institution and process have remained largely unchanged. The purpose of this paper is to address this mismatch. Using a broad brush, we outline a new, power theory of capital and accumulation. We use this theory to assess the changing meaning of the corporation and the capitalist state, the new ways in which capital gets accumulated and the specific historical trajectory of twentieth-century capitalism up to the present.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5578/1/MPRA_paper_5578.pdf
Nitzan, Jonathan and Bichler, Shimshon (2006): New imperialism or new capitalism? Published in: Review , Vol. XXIX, No. 1 (April 2006): pp. 1-86.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5684
2019-10-23T04:56:31Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5824
2019-09-29T02:09:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
7375626A656374733D48:4835
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5824/
Productive Public Expenditure in a New Economic Geography Model
Commendatore, Pasquale
Kubin, Ingrid
Petraglia, Carmelo
F20 - General
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
We assess whether and how differences in productive public expenditure impacts on industrial location. Since productive public expenditure and taxation affect in opposite direction industrial location, it is not straightforward that following an increase in productive public expenditure in a region, that region will necessarily enjoy stronger agglomeration. As a major contribution to the literature, we consider jointly two effects arising from public policy: the demand effect and the productivity effect. The interplay of these two effects determines the final impact on the spatial distribution of firms. The result is influenced by the proportion in which tax payers of the two regions contribute to the financing of public expenditure.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5824/1/MPRA_paper_5824.pdf
Commendatore, Pasquale and Kubin, Ingrid and Petraglia, Carmelo (2007): Productive Public Expenditure in a New Economic Geography Model.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5879
2019-09-26T12:32:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463333
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463332
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D46:4632
7375626A656374733D46:4633
7375626A656374733D45:4535
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463533
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463331
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463336
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5879/
The Single Global Currency - Common Cents for the World (2007 Edition)
Bonpasse, Morrison
F0 - General
F33 - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
F32 - Current Account Adjustment ; Short-Term Capital Movements
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
F3 - International Finance
E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
F53 - International Agreements and Observance ; International Organizations
F31 - Foreign Exchange
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
This is the 2007 Edition of the only book in print in the world about the Single Global Currency, and is the only book in the world priced in 143 currencies (down from 147 in the 2006 edition.).This number is significant, as it's the number of currencies required among the 192 U.N. members to conduct local business, including the payment of taxes.
The book describes the origins of the current worldwide foreign exchange system, and tells how to change it; and save the world - trillions.
The multicurrency foreign exchange trading system was developed about 2,500 years ago to enable people of different currency areas to trade. That system has become far more sophisticated in the meantime and handles $3.2 trillion per day; but it is very expensive and risky. It is now time to replace that system with a single global currency.
In a 3-G world with a Single Global Currency managed by a Global Central Bank within a Global Monetary Union:
- Annual transaction costs of $400 billion will be eliminated.
- Worldwide asset values will increase by about $36 trillion.
- Worldwide GDP will increase by about $9 trillion.
- Global currency imbalances will be eliminated.
- All Balance of Payments problems will be eliminated.
- Currency crises will be prevented.
- Currency speculation will be eliminated.
- The need for foreign exchange reserves, with a current annual opportunity cost of
approximately $470 billion, will be eliminated.
- Worldwide interest rates will be lower than the current average due to the elimination of
currency risk.
Such gains are realistic and attainable if the world decides to pursue them. The monetary unions of Europe, the Caribbean, Africa and Brunei/Singapore have shown the way.
What the people of the world want is sound, stable money and the end to the obsolete multicurrency foreign exchange system. A Single Global Currency is no longer a utopian dream, but a realistic projection of what has been learned from current monetary unions, especially the euro.
Each successive annual edition of this book will be priced in the remaining number of currencies until we reach, in the words of Nobel Prize winner, Robert Mundell, that odd number, preferably less than three: one
The world needs to set the goal of a Single Global Currency, to be managed by a Global Central Bank, within a Global Monetary Union, and begin planning - now.
2007-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5879/1/MPRA_paper_5879.pdf
Bonpasse, Morrison (2007): The Single Global Currency - Common Cents for the World (2007 Edition). Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5882
2019-09-28T16:45:24Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3633
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443734
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5882/
Impactos sociais do desinvestimento
Moniz, António
Gomes, Cláudia
J63 - Turnover ; Vacancies ; Layoffs
D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances ; Revolutions
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
The resulting economic integration of industrial processes and manufacturing internationalisation lead several authors to argue that world economy is globalised. In this context, the approach to the divestment concept without an social and económical context, does not show a group of associated practices and representations. Choices and options are motivated by exogenous forces that pushes companies to determine strategies that stop capital investment on new equipment goods, or on other imaterial goods. This type of strategy is designated by "divestment".
The social level of consequencies are not due to the closing down or de-localization of production units that are divesting, but can be materialised of efects that are irreversible. This means unemployment, de-skilling, labour precarization and even emergence of new forms of social
exclusion in former industrialised regions.
2002-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5882/1/MPRA_paper_5882.pdf
Moniz, António and Gomes, Cláudia (2002): Impactos sociais do desinvestimento. Published in: DIVEST – DESINVESTIMENTO E IMPACTOS ECONÓMICOS, SOCIAIS E TERRITORIAIS No. WP3 (October 2002): pp. 1-43.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5939
2019-10-08T16:34:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433932
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3632
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5939/
Futuros da indústria automóvel: Qual a sua importância para a definição do produto, modelos de produção e estratégias de mobilidade?
Moniz, António
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
L62 - Automobiles ; Other Transportation Equipment ; Related Parts and Equipment
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
Some programs and research networks are dealing with topics associated to the automtive sector and they observe one of the most significative sectores of modern economies. Because of that is so interesting to forecast some possible changes in an horizon of 10 to 20 years.
But this exercse must not be centred only on technical aspects of automobile construction, or on the design, or even on the mobility systems.
How one can face these problems, and how it can be so decisivelly important, is what we will try to answer in this paper that resumes some of the debates on the foresight exercises in Germany (Futur) and on the automotive sector in Portugal (WorTiS).
2007-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5939/1/MPRA_paper_5939.pdf
Moniz, António (2007): Futuros da indústria automóvel: Qual a sua importância para a definição do produto, modelos de produção e estratégias de mobilidade? Published in: Actas dos ateliers do Vº Congresso Português de Sociologia (May 2004): pp. 1-11.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5988
2019-09-26T13:20:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5988/
US FDI flows to ASEAN-5: Do Geographic Neighbors Matter?
Kemegue, Francis
Mohan, Ramesh
O5 - Economywide Country Studies
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
This paper investigates the possibility of interdependence between flows of US FDI to the ASEAN region. The study incorporates information asymmetry into an FDI model to examine the influence of geographic neighbors on new flows of FDI from the United States. Spillovers are modeled using the cost structure of a multinational investing in a region where US firms are already present. The results show that there are negative spillovers of US FDI in the ASEAN region affecting mostly the non-manufacturing sector.
2007-11-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5988/1/MPRA_paper_5988.pdf
Kemegue, Francis and Mohan, Ramesh (2007): US FDI flows to ASEAN-5: Do Geographic Neighbors Matter?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6029
2019-09-27T08:43:01Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6029/
Remittances, Business Cycles and Poverty: The Recent Turkish Experience
Sayan, Serdar
Tekin-Koru, Ayca
F22 - International Migration
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
F24 - Remittances
We investigate whether remittances sent to Turkey by Turkish workers living in Germany are countercyclical or procyclical with Turkish and German national outputs and discuss the possible reasons underlying the resulting patterns and their implications. We also take up a previously unexplored issue and discuss poverty alleviation potential of remittances at a macroeconomic level by examining the statistical properties of any co-movements between remittances cycles and cycles in consumption spending on food and durable goods in Turkey. Our results reveal that the real remittance flows from Germany to Turkey move procyclically with the real output in Turkey,
and are primarily driven by (largely independent of) the developments in the Turkish economy (German economy).
We also find that remittances cycles remain procyclical to the consumption cycles throughout our sample period. This direct co-movement between the two cycles becomes synchronous, however, only after a phase shift occurring around 1992, pointing to the increasing role of the level of economic activity in Turkey as the leading determinant of remittance receipts from Germany and the declining strength of consumption smoothing motive over time. Our results all together point out a low potential for remittances sent from Germany to reduce poverty in Turkey,
at least as far as the past fifteen years are concerned.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6029/1/MPRA_paper_6029.pdf
Sayan, Serdar and Tekin-Koru, Ayca (2007): Remittances, Business Cycles and Poverty: The Recent Turkish Experience. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6030
2019-09-27T13:19:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463234
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6030/
Business Cycles and Remittances: A Comparison of the Cases of Turkish Workers in Germany and Mexican Workers in the US
Sayan, Serdar
Tekin-Koru, Ayca
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
F24 - Remittances
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
...
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6030/1/MPRA_paper_6030.pdf
Sayan, Serdar and Tekin-Koru, Ayca (2007): Business Cycles and Remittances: A Comparison of the Cases of Turkish Workers in Germany and Mexican Workers in the US.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6031
2019-09-26T17:09:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483235
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6031/
The Effect of Tax Treaties on Multinational Firms: New Evidence from Microdata
Davies, Ronald
Norback, Pehr-Johan
Tekin-Koru, Ayca
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
H25 - Business Taxes and Subsidies
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
This paper uses affiliate level data from Swedish multinationals to examine the impact of tax treaties on both overall affiliate sales and the composition of those sales. In line with previous results, we find little evidence for an effect of treaties on the level of total sales. We do, however, find that a tax treaty increases the probability of investment by a firm in a given country. In addition, we find that a treaty reduces exports to the parent but increases imports of intermediate inputs from the parent. This is consistent with treaties increasing the effective host tax. This suggests that tax treaties impact the behavior of multinationals along some dimensions
but not along others.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6031/1/MPRA_paper_6031.pdf
Davies, Ronald and Norback, Pehr-Johan and Tekin-Koru, Ayca (2007): The Effect of Tax Treaties on Multinational Firms: New Evidence from Microdata.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6060
2019-09-26T16:19:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6060/
Dynamics of export market entry and exit
Ilmakunnas, Pekka
Nurmi, Satu
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
We examine the process of internationalisation of firms, contributing to the knowledge on the factors behind a successful entry and operation in the export markets using duration analysis. Rich longitudinal microlevel data on Finnish manufacturing plants allow an indepth analysis of the life cycle of exporting plants over a time span of up to 25 years. In the first part of the analysis, we focus on the factors that explain the duration of time until entering plants start to export. The second part of the study concentrates on the duration of time until exit from the export markets. Our special focus is on the effects of foreign ownership, human capital and industry spillovers on export market entry and exit.
2007-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6060/1/MPRA_paper_6060.pdf
Ilmakunnas, Pekka and Nurmi, Satu (2007): Dynamics of export market entry and exit.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6151
2019-09-28T03:40:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D50:5035
7375626A656374733D46:4632
7375626A656374733D46:4631
7375626A656374733D4C:4C37
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6151/
Implications of the WTO on Indian Marine Industry, Issues and Policy Perspectives
Kamat, Manasvi
Kamat, Manoj
P5 - Comparative Economic Systems
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
F1 - Trade
L7 - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction
The outcomes of WTO negotiations under the Doha round, Hong Kong development round and the changing European Union regulations are likely to place new hurdles on the marine exports emerging from developing economies like India. In the light of the above, we attempt to discuss the impact of WTO-GATS on the Indian Marine Trade and Service industry, analyze the challenges faced by the developing countries, and suggest way-outs to respond them. Many other WTO-GATS related aspects have repercussions on the marine exports from the developing countries in Asia and India in particular; namely the outcomes from the Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM), the relation between trade rules and Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs), Technical Assistance and Capacity Building (TA & CB) and the provisions for Special and Differential Treatment (SDT). The impact of GATS and the implications on Indian marine trade & services are specifically assessed in context of Tariff barriers, Non-tariff measures, Subsidies and Eco-labeling. Relevant policy implications follow the issues discussed.
2007-06-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6151/1/MPRA_paper_6151.pdf
Kamat, Manasvi and Kamat, Manoj (2007): Implications of the WTO on Indian Marine Industry, Issues and Policy Perspectives.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6183
2019-09-28T23:02:28Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433433
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6183/
MEASUREMENT OF NEED FOR HARMONIZATION BETWEEN NATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS
Mustata, Razvan V.
Matis, Dumitru
M41 - Accounting
C43 - Index Numbers and Aggregation
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
This study analyzes the quantification methods of the harmonization degree between the national accounting settlements and the international accounting standards. Starting from the presentation of the main methods used for this purpose such as - Euclidean distances, Jaccard’s coefficients, Spearman’s coefficients and other nonparametric methods for rank correlation analysis – we suggest a method of quantification for the need of harmonization between the national accounting standards and the financial reporting international ones. Beyond the certainty of a quantification model foe this need, we analyze in the present study the situation of 33 states selected through reporting at a global level. The main achievement of this study is represented by the concept of pre-formal harmonization and the method to quantify it, strongly connected with the general accepted concepts of formal and material harmonization of accounting.
2007-12-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6183/1/MPRA_paper_6183.pdf
Mustata, Razvan V. and Matis, Dumitru (2007): MEASUREMENT OF NEED FOR HARMONIZATION BETWEEN NATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS. Published in: Journal of International Business and Economics , Vol. VII, No. 3 (15 October 2007): pp. 23-46.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6214
2019-09-26T09:17:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6214/
THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON REGULATIONS AND ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS. DIMENSIONING AND QUANTIFICATION.
Mustata, Razvan V.
Matis, Dumitru
Bodea, Gabriela
O1 - Economic Development
M41 - Accounting
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
In this study we concentrate our efforts on the consequences that the existence and manifestation of globalization have on various domains of human activity. The impact of globalization will be analyzed from the perspective of the cause-effect relationship, with a special emphasis on the consequences of the phenomenon. A special part of our scientific demarche is reserved to the accounting sphere. We try to create a new dimension on the basement of relations between globalization and accounting systems. Globalization represents a new dimension of our world. The accounting domain is today into real connections with phenomenon of globalization. In this context, our main objectives are represented by the research demarche to create a model of quantification the impact of globalization on regulations and accounting systems. We believe that such a model of quantification could be real and its contributions to scientific development will be considerable.
2007-12-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6214/1/MPRA_paper_6214.pdf
Mustata, Razvan V. and Matis, Dumitru and Bodea, Gabriela (2007): THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON REGULATIONS AND ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS. DIMENSIONING AND QUANTIFICATION. Published in: Journal of International Business and Economics , Vol. V, No. 1 (15 October 2006): pp. 118-129.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6262
2019-10-13T05:03:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433738
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6262/
Migration, Learning, and Development
Zakharenko, Roman
F22 - International Migration
C78 - Bargaining Theory ; Matching Theory
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
US-educated Indian engineers played a major role in the establishment of the “Silicon Valley of Asia” in Bangalore. The experience of India and other countries shows that returning well-educated emigrants, despite their small numbers, can make a difference. This paper builds a model of “local” knowledge spillovers, in which migration of a small number of highly skilled individuals greatly affects country-level human capital accumulation. All economic activity occurs in pairs of individuals randomly matched to each other. Each pair produces the consumption good; the skills of the two partners are complementary. At the same time, the less skilled partner increases human capital by learning from the more skilled colleague. With poor institutions at home, highly skilled individuals leave the country seeking better opportunities abroad. On the contrary, improved institutions foster return migration of emigrants who have acquired more knowledge while abroad. These return migrants greatly amplify the positive effect of better institutions.
2007-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6262/1/MPRA_paper_6262.pdf
Zakharenko, Roman (2007): Migration, Learning, and Development.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6320
2019-09-29T07:30:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473332
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463336
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6320/
Foreign banks in transition countries. To whom do they lend and how are they financed?
De Haas, Ralph
Naaborg, Ilko
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure ; Value of Firms ; Goodwill
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
We use focused interviews with managers of foreign parent banks and their affiliates in Central Europe and the Baltic States to analyse the small-business lending and internal capital markets of multinational financial institutions. Our approach allows us to complement the standard empirical literature, which has difficulty in analysing important issues such as lending technologies and capital allocation. We find that the acquisition of local banks by foreign banks has not led to a persistent bias in these banks’ credit supply towards large multinational corporations. Instead, increased competition and the improvement of subsidiaries’ lending technologies have led foreign banks to gradually expand into the SME and retail markets. Second, it is demonstrated that local bank affiliates are strongly influenced by the capital allocation and credit steering mechanisms of the parent bank.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6320/1/MPRA_paper_6320.pdf
De Haas, Ralph and Naaborg, Ilko (2006): Foreign banks in transition countries. To whom do they lend and how are they financed? Published in: Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments , Vol. 15, No. 4 (2006): pp. 159-199.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6400
2019-09-27T00:32:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6400/
The effects of FDI in R&D on home countries, the case of Switzerland
Michel, Julie
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights
The purpose of this paper is to participate in the discussion of the effects of outward FDI in R&D on the home country. The main possible threat for home economies is the relocation of R&D activities to foreign regions and, as a result, the loss of technological capacity. This study contributes to this issue by analysing the role played by the home country in the development of the multinational enterprises’ innovative activities. Three different elements will be evaluated: the extent of R&D activities operated outside the home country; the compared value of foreign and home R&D activities; and the role of the home country as a source of knowledge. These elements are investigated through an analysis of patents and patent citations of 71 Swiss MNEs issued between 1978 and 2006.
2007-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6400/1/MPRA_paper_6400.pdf
Michel, Julie (2007): The effects of FDI in R&D on home countries, the case of Switzerland.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6417
2019-09-28T18:14:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D52:5233:523330
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D52:5233:523338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6417/
Criminalità e investimenti esteri. Un’analisi per le province italiane
Daniele, Vittorio
R30 - General
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
R38 - Government Policy
This paper estimates the effects of organized crime on FDI inflows in 103 Italian Provinces in the period 2004-06. We measure the presence of "organized crime" at provincial level through several indicators, based on data for different kinds of crimes: extortions; "criminal association, included mafia" (art. 416 and 416 bis Italian Penal code); attempts; crime of arsons. Several control variables are used, included a proxy for (financial) investment incentives provided by public sectors. Estimations suggests that FDI inflows are influenced by different variables. In particular results shows as the number of extortions and the number of persons denounced for "crime association" are significantly and negatively correlated with FDI inflows. Our analysis suggests that the presence of organized crime is a strong disincentive for foreign investors, in particular in the less developed Italian provinces.
2007-12-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6417/1/MPRA_paper_6417.pdf
Daniele, Vittorio (2007): Criminalità e investimenti esteri. Un’analisi per le province italiane.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6500
2019-09-28T04:52:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6500/
Foreign Ownership and Firm Financing Constraint in Indonesia
Agustinus, Prasetyantoko
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure ; Value of Firms ; Goodwill
This paper reveals why foreign ownership participation matters in the sensitivity relationship between investment and the internal liquidity of listed companies in Indonesia. This paper finds that foreign-owned enterprises are less financially constrained than domestic-owned ones, especially in terms of short-term investment following a financial crisis. Empirical evidence is provided by dividing 157 firms listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange for at least five consecutive years between 1994 and 2004 into foreign-owned enterprises, and comparing their financing constraints and performance before and after the financial crisis during that period. The results also demonstrated that post-crisis foreign-owned enterprises performed better with higher sales, greater market opportunity and less leverage, leading to lower financing constraint. Subsequently, foreign-owned enterprises have a better capacity to invest more than local-owned ones.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6500/1/MPRA_paper_6500.pdf
Agustinus, Prasetyantoko (2007): Foreign Ownership and Firm Financing Constraint in Indonesia.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6632
2019-09-29T08:08:17Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D52:5233:523330
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D52:5233:523338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6632/
Criminalità e investimenti esteri. Un’analisi per le province italiane
Daniele, Vittorio
Marani, Ugo
R30 - General
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
R38 - Government Policy
The paper estimates the effects of organized crime on FDI inflows in 103 Italian Provinces in the period 2004-06. The presence of organized crime at provincial level is quantified through several indicators, based on data for different kinds of crimes: extortions; criminal association, included mafia (art. 416 and 416 bis Italian Penal Code); attempts; crime of arsons. Several control variables are used, included a proxy for (financial) investment incentives provided by public sectors. Estimation suggests that FDI inflows are influenced by different variables. Results show as the number of extortions and the number of persons denounced for "crime association" are significantly and negatively correlated with FDI inflows. Finally, our analysis suggests the presence of organized crime as a strong disincentive for foreign investors, particularly in the less developed Italian provinces.
2007-12-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6632/2/MPRA_paper_6632.pdf
Daniele, Vittorio and Marani, Ugo (2007): Criminalità e investimenti esteri. Un’analisi per le province italiane.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6736
2019-09-28T03:59:26Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483534
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6736/
Infrastructure and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment A Regional Analysis
Castro, Lucio
H54 - Infrastructures ; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
C01 - Econometrics
In the 1990’s, Argentina became a top destination for FDI to developing countries. The geographical distribution of FDI inflows was, however, highly uneven. In parallel, the spatial allocation of public infrastructure greatly mirrored these regional disparities. What were the determinants of FDI location? What was the role of public infrastructure? This paper attempts to answer these questions using spatial econometric techniques for a panel of regional and FDI data of the Argentine provinces. Results suggest that space matters for FDI location, indicating some competition effects in FDI inflows between neighbouring provinces. Paved roads seem also matter but other proxies of infrastructure do not seem to be that important. According to our results, a 10% increase in paved roads per capita augments FDI between 17% and 33% in the average host regional economy. Extending the network of paved roads in neighbouring regions would increase FDI between 12% and 14% but results are not robust.
2007-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6736/1/MPRA_paper_6736.pdf
Castro, Lucio (2007): Infrastructure and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment A Regional Analysis. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6745
2019-09-27T00:25:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3136
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6745/
Globalisation: economic stagnation and divergence
Freeman, Alan
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
O16 - Financial Markets ; Saving and Capital Investment ; Corporate Finance and Governance
O10 - General
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
This is a prepublication version of an analysis of stagnation and divergence in the world economy which appeared in Pettifor, A (2003) Real World Economic Outlook, pp152-159. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, pp152-164. A fuller version of this same paper was presented to the British International Studies Association conference in September 2002.
It uses data published by the IMF’s World Economic Outlook team to establish that world GDP per head, calculated in constant 1995 dollars at current market exchange, remained static between 1980 and 2002 and declined absolutely between 1988 and 2002.
Over the same period – ‘globalisation’, understood as the period of intense financial deregulation and the creation of a world market in capital – this article uses the same figures to prove that the income gap between the North and the South has doubled.
Inequality is measured as the ratio between GDP per capita in the IMF’s ‘Advanced countries’ and all remaining countries, in current dollars at market exchange rates.
At the beginning of globalisation this ratio was approximately 10 to 1. By 2002 it was nearly 23 to 1. Over this period the real average GDP per capita of the ‘non-advanced countries’ comprising four-fifths of the world’s population, has fallen absolutely, from $1400 to $1100 per year.
This economic failure, the article argues, is the underlying cause of the political instability that characterises the current period. The most basic problem of the world economy has not been solved – the imbalance between the declining relative productivity of the USA and its commercial and military dominance.
The result is predicted to be a unstable period of history as these contradictions work their way through into the political sphere.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6745/1/MPRA_paper_6745.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2003): Globalisation: economic stagnation and divergence. Published in: Pettifor, A (2003) Real World Economic Outlook, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, (2003): pp. 152-159.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6845
2019-09-27T15:20:17Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6845/
Voting over Selective Immigration Policies with Immigration Aversion
Russo, Giuseppe
F22 - International Migration
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
J18 - Public Policy
The claim that "skilled immigration is welcome" is often associated to the increasing adoption of selective immigration policies. I study the voting over differentiated immigration policies in a two-country, three-factor general equilibrium model where there exist skilled and unskilled workers, migration decisions are endogenous, enforcing immigration restriction is costly, and natives dislike unskilled immigration. According to my findings, decisions over border closure are made to protect the median voter when her capital endowment is sufficiently small. Therefore I argue that the professed favour for skilled immigration veils the protection for the insiders. This result is confirmed by the observation that entry is rationed for both skilled and unskilled workers. Moreover, immigration aversion helps to explain the existence of entry barriers for unskilled workers in countries where the majority of voters is skilled.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6845/1/MPRA_paper_6845.pdf
Russo, Giuseppe (2008): Voting over Selective Immigration Policies with Immigration Aversion.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6869
2019-09-26T22:01:57Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
7375626A656374733D45:4534
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6869/
The Infrastructure and Other Costs of Immigration
Musgrave, Ralph S.
F22 - International Migration
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
E4 - Money and Interest Rates
Since 2002, the British Government department responsible for immigration, the Home Office, has claimed immigrants pay £2-5bn more in tax than they withdraw from the public purse. The workings behind this figure omit the cost of the additional infrastructure investments that immigrants necessitate (no small omission).
The conventional wisdom is that funding government owned assets is a burden on the community at large, whereas funding private sector business assets is not. However the distinction between public and private sectors is artificial. Thus funding the private sector investments is just as much a burden on the community as funding the public sector. Thus it is the community at large funds the additional private sector business assets that immigrants necessitate. The important distinction is not between public and private sector assets, but between what might be called “communally used” assets (public and private) and assets which only one person or family benefits from, of which housing is much the most important. That is, the community at large does not pay for immigrants’ housing: immigrants themselves do.
Assets other than housing in the UK amount to about £30,000 per head. The investment burden on the community is around double this because the typical immigrant has one child shortly after arriving. Immigrants do eventually pay this back – after about a generation. But by that time interest on the debt (which is not paid back) resembles the debt itself.
Having arrived at a figure for the investment burden that immigrants impose, there is then the question as to what effect this has on the overall contribution that immigrants make, or burden that they impose. Answering this question involves answering a number of subsidiary questions about what can and cannot be debited to immigration. The four main subsidiary questions are thus.
1. Should the cost of educating immigrants’ children (£7.6bn a year) be attributed to immigration? The Home Office, Migrationwatch and others have disagreed on this for some time. It is shown that Migrationwatch is right: these educational costs should be attributed to immigration.
2. In past years, some Government current spending (as opposed to capital spending) was financed by increasing the national debt. Are immigrants (who have not benefited from this spending) effectively paying interest on this part of the national debt? If so, this would be unfair. It is shown that immigrants are not in fact paying for this past current spending.
3. Several studies have recently claimed that immigrants reduce interest rates. These studies all make the same mistake: they assume that interest rate reductions are the only weapon that governments have to raise demand with a view to employing extra workers (immigrants). In fact it is an expansion of the monetary base over the decades and centuries which has created the extra demand that immigrants necessitate. Moreover, interest rates have to rise a finite amount in reaction to immigration because someone somewhere has to forgo consumption to fund the additional investments that immigrants necessitate.
4. Do remittances reduce real incomes for natives? It is concluded that they do.
The final figure for the cost imposed on UK natives by immigrants (about £12bn a year) is tentative, first because quantifying the variables that produce the £12bn is more informed guesswork than accurate measurement. Second, some of the official figures on which the estimate is based could be inaccurate. For example, there is evidence that the official figure for the total value of all assets in the UK could have been underestimated by 100% or more; and the real figure for remittances could conceivably be ten times the official figure. In short the cost imposed on UK natives by immigrants could easily be half or double the above £12bn.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6869/1/MPRA_paper_6869.pdf
Musgrave, Ralph S. (2008): The Infrastructure and Other Costs of Immigration.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6912
2019-10-02T14:53:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6912/
North-South Integration and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment
Tekin-Koru, Ayca
Waldkirch, Andreas
F15 - Economic Integration
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
We investigate how North-South Integration affects the location of FDI between the two regions. The theoretical analysis suggests that integration affects the incentives of partner and non-partner Northern countries to locate in the South differently and may lead to investment diversion from the Northern partner. We test our propositions using data from the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the first major North-South integration scheme. Using the largest possible control group, we use a difference-in-differences estimator to find that NAFTA partner FDI in Mexico has increased since the inception of NAFTA above what
is implied by other determinants of FDI and the global upward trend during this time. Other countries have not increased their use of Mexico as an export platform. We also find no evidence that inward U.S. FDI has been diverted. The results are robust to a number of different model and econometric specifications as well as the skill data used.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6912/1/MPRA_paper_6912.pdf
Tekin-Koru, Ayca and Waldkirch, Andreas (2008): North-South Integration and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6982
2019-09-26T08:14:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4633
7375626A656374733D46:4632
7375626A656374733D45:4536
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6982/
When Capital Inflows Come to a Sudden Stop: Consequences and Policy Options
Reinhart, Carmen
Calvo, Guillermo
F3 - International Finance
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
In this paper we present evidence that capital account reversals have become more severe for emerging markets. Because policy options are limited in the midst of a capital market crisis and because so many countries have already had crises recently, we focus on some of the policies that could reduce the incidence of crises in the first place, or at least make the sudden stop problem less severe. In this regard, we consider the relative merits of capital controls and dollarization. We conclude that, while the evidence suggests that capital controls appear to influence the composition of flows skewing flows away from short maturities, such policies are not likely to be a long-run solution to the recurring problem of sudden capital flow reversals. Yet, because fear of floating, many emerging markets are likely to turn to increased reliance on controls. Dollarization would appear to have the edge as a more market-oriented option to ameliorate, if not eliminate, the sudden stop problem.
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6982/1/MPRA_paper_6982.pdf
Reinhart, Carmen and Calvo, Guillermo (2000): When Capital Inflows Come to a Sudden Stop: Consequences and Policy Options. Published in: in Peter Kenen and Alexandre Swoboda, eds. Reforming the International Monetary and Financial System, (Washington DC: International Monetary Fund, 2000) (2000): pp. 175-201.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7060
2019-09-27T03:37:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4634
7375626A656374733D46:4632
7375626A656374733D46:4631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7060/
Empirical Evidence On The Correlation Between The Exchange Rate And Romanian Exports
Cojanu, Valentin
Paun, Cristian
Lupu, Radu
F4 - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
F1 - Trade
Few subjects of international economics are so much exposed to heated debates as the exchange rate problem. From monetary crises and balance-of-payments adjustments to monetary zones, dealing with currency swings seems to embody any economist's worries about the rightfulness of economic models and the relevance of empirical analyses he or she has to choose. Is appreciation or depreciation good for a country's welfare? Would that answer still be valid in the long run? The unsettled character of the problem largely resides in the manifest contradiction between the firm theoretical predictions and their unconvincing empirical testing. One of the least uncontroversial tenets refers to the positive correlation between currency depreciation or devaluation (although of different origins, their effects are generally the same) and a country's current account. This paper attempts to test this prediction on the case of Romanian economy and to conclude on possible explanations of the theoretical-empirical conflict.
2006-10-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7060/1/MPRA_paper_7060.pdf
Cojanu, Valentin and Paun, Cristian and Lupu, Radu (2006): Empirical Evidence On The Correlation Between The Exchange Rate And Romanian Exports. Published in: International Conference on Commerce - CD , Vol. 1, No. 1 (10 October 2006): pp. 205-214.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7110
2019-09-27T13:31:33Z
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7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
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74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7110/
The sociological perspective on the knowledge-based society: assumptions, facts and visions
Krings, Bettina
J80 - General
F20 - General
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
A14 - Sociology of Economics
The paper will present the central discourse of the knowledge-based society. Already in the 1960s the debate of the industrial society already raised the question whether there can be considered a paradigm shift towards a knowledge-based society. Some prominent authors already foreseen ‘knowledge’ as the main indicator in order to displace ‘labour’ and ‘capital’ as the main driving forces of the capitalistic development. Today on the political level and also in many scientific disciplines the assumption that we are already living in a knowledge-based society seems obvious. Although we still do not have a theory of the knowledge-based society and there still exist a methodological gap about the empirical indicators, the vision of a knowledge-based society determines at least the perception of the Western societies.
In a first step the author will pinpoint the assumptions about the knowledge-based society on three levels: on the societal, on the organisational and on the individual level. These assumptions are relied on the following topics: a) The role of the information and communication technologies; b) The dynamic development of globalisation as an ‘evolutionary’ process; c) The increasing importance of knowledge management within organisations; d) The changing role of the state within the economic processes.
Not only the differentiation between the levels but also the revision of the assumptions of a knowledge-based society will show that the ‘topics raised in the debates’ cannot be considered as the results of a profound societal paradigm shift. However what seems very impressive is the normative and virtual shift towards a concept of modernity, which strongly focuses on the role of technology as a driving force as well as on the global economic markets, which has to be accepted. Therefore – according to the official debate - the successful adaptation of these processes seems the only way to meet the knowledge-based society. Analysing the societal changes on the three levels, the label ‘knowledge-based society’ can be seen critically. Therefore the main question of Theodor W. Adorno during the 16th Congress of Sociology in 1968 did not loose its actuality. Facing the societal changes he asked whether we are still living in the industrial society or already in a post-industrial state.
Thinking about the knowledge-based society according to these two options, this exercise would enrich the whole debate in terms of social inequality, political, economic exclusion processes and at least the power relationship between social groups.
2006-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7110/1/MPRA_paper_7110.pdf
Krings, Bettina (2006): The sociological perspective on the knowledge-based society: assumptions, facts and visions. Published in: Enterprise and Work Innovation Studies No. 2 (November 2006): pp. 9-20.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7127
2019-10-07T02:58:29Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7128
2019-09-27T17:36:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433431
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7128/
Labor Market Outcomes, Savings Accumulation, and Return Migration
Kirdar, Murat
F22 - International Migration
C41 - Duration Analysis ; Optimal Timing Strategies
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
In this paper, I test the savings accumulation conjecture that is used to rationalize return migration decisions in the context of immigrants in Germany. Using cross-country and time variation in purchasing power parity, I distinguish between the two competing capital accumulation conjectures (human capital vs. savings accumulation) and uncover evidence for the savings accumulation conjecture. In addition, I examine how labor market outcomes influence return decisions. A key finding here is that unlike previous studies which find a positive impact of unemployment on return migration, I find that the direction of the impact of unemployment changes by the spell length.
2008-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7128/1/MPRA_paper_7128.pdf
Kirdar, Murat (2008): Labor Market Outcomes, Savings Accumulation, and Return Migration.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7181
2019-09-26T21:55:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3831
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7181/
Productivity, Multinationals and Knowledge Spillovers: Evidence from the UK Retail Sector
Anon-Higon, Dolores
Vasilakos, Nicholas
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This paper discusses the impact of foreign-ownership presence on the productivity performance of domestically-owned British retailers. In specific, we investigate the existence of productivity spillovers in the form of knowledge transfer. To guide our estimations, we develop a simple Hotelling model in which we show how the transfer of operational knowledge from MNE to non-MNE retailers, may result to an increase in the productivity of the latter and increased economic activity in the regions with relatively higher concentration of foreign investment. Our empirical estimations lend support to the assumptions upon which the theoretical model is built, while confirming the positive and highly significant impact of these spillovers on the productivity performance of domestic firms. More specifically, using data from the Annual Respondent Dataset (ARD), we find that positive spillovers exist but are mostly confined to the region in which foreign subsidiaries locate. Furthermore, the productivity benefit from regional FDI spillovers increases with the absorptive capacity of domestic retailers.
2008-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7181/1/MPRA_paper_7181.pdf
Anon-Higon, Dolores and Vasilakos, Nicholas (2008): Productivity, Multinationals and Knowledge Spillovers: Evidence from the UK Retail Sector.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7217
2019-09-28T22:33:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D52:5233:523330
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D52:5235:523539
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7217/
Organized Crime and Foreign Direct Investment: the Italian Case
Vittorio, Daniele
Ugo, Marani
R30 - General
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
R59 - Other
The paper estimates the effects of organized crime on FDI inflows in 103 Italian provinces in the period 2004-06. The presence of organized crime at a provincial level is quantified through several indicators, based on data for different kinds of crimes: extortion; association for criminal purposes, including mafia (Art. 416 and 416 bis of the Italian Penal Code); attacks; arson. Several control variables are used, included a proxy for (financial) investment incentives provided by public sectors. Estimation suggests that FDI inflows are influenced by different variables. Our results show that the extent of extortion and the number of persons denounced for "criminal association" are significantly and negatively correlated with FDI inflows. Finally, our analysis suggests the presence of organized crime is a strong disincentive for foreign investors, particularly in the less developed Italian provinces.
2008-02-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7217/1/MPRA_paper_7217.pdf
Vittorio, Daniele and Ugo, Marani (2008): Organized Crime and Foreign Direct Investment: the Italian Case.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7273
2019-09-26T09:15:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7273/
Foreign direct investment in Vietnam: Is there any evidence of technological spillover effects
Nguyen, Anh Ngoc
Nguyen, Thang
Le, Dang Trung
Pham, Quang Ngoc
Nguyen, Dinh Chuc
Nguyen, Duc Nhat
F15 - Economic Integration
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
In the context of integrating more deeply into the world economy the Vietnamese policy makers have undertaken several measures to attract foreign direct investment to the country, with the culmination of FDI inflows in 2007 reaching over USD 20 billion, an increase of 69% over 2006. The policy has been taken on the ground that the FDI inflows will create employment and bring along the much needed technological advances, which will spill over to domestic firms. In this paper, we use a firm-level panel data constructed from the Census 2000-2005 to investigate not only the horizontal spillovers but also the backward and forward linkages. Adding to the current literature which focused mainly on the spillovers in the manufacturing sector, our paper provide the first estimates of the spillover effects in the service sector (at least in the context of developing countries). We also distinguish between the horizontal output spillovers (which capture demonstration effects and competition effects) and the horizontal employment spillover (which captures the labour mobility effect). The results obtained from our regression models are mixed. Different channels of spillovers are at work for the manufacturing and the service sectors. We find evidence of the positive backward technological spillovers for the manufacturing and positive horizontal spillovers for the service sector.
2008-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7273/1/MPRA_paper_7273.pdf
Nguyen, Anh Ngoc and Nguyen, Thang and Le, Dang Trung and Pham, Quang Ngoc and Nguyen, Dinh Chuc and Nguyen, Duc Nhat (2008): Foreign direct investment in Vietnam: Is there any evidence of technological spillover effects.
en
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