2024-03-29T11:38:51Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:27
2019-10-03T16:42:52Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483433
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27/
Equità e criteri di selettività dei beneficiari di edilizia residenziale pubblica in Emilia-Romagna
Tondani, Davide
H43 - Project Evaluation ; Social Discount Rate
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Housing public policies take the form of selective programs. Hence, accesso to the program and computation of the rents are regulated by a means test.
Selectivity should be set ensuring the respect of vertical and horizontal equity trough the beneficiaries.
This research analyses the system of selectivity of the beneficiaries of public houses in the region Emilia-Romagna, in order to verify the adequacy of the current rules in ensuring equity by the use of the italian means test.
Empirical analysis has been carried out by using the database of beneficiaries of public houses of the Province of Parma.
We find that the current rules are not able to ensure horizontal and vertical equity, therefore we propose and simulate a reform of the system of selectivity and computation of the rents.
2006-09-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27/1/MPRA_paper_27.pdf
Tondani, Davide (2006): Equità e criteri di selettività dei beneficiari di edilizia residenziale pubblica in Emilia-Romagna.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:130
2019-09-27T03:37:59Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493232
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/130/
Abolishing school fees in Malawi: the impact on education access and equity
Al-Samarrai, Samer
Zaman, Hassan
I22 - Educational Finance ; Financial Aid
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
In 1994, the newly elected Government in Malawi abolished primary school fees. Using household survey data from 1990/91 and 1997/98 this paper assesses the impact this major policy change, combined with increased Government spending on education, has had on access to schooling by the poor. This paper shows that enrolment rates have increased dramatically over the 1990s, at both the primary and secondary levels, and that crucially these gains have been greatest for the poor. In order to sustain and build-on these gains the paper suggests cutting back on the informal ‘contributions’ that are widely prevalent in primary school and improving the allocation of secondary school funding. Furthermore, the focus of policy reform, particularly at primary, should shift towards raising the quality of education. Finally the paper argues that careful advance planning and piloting of the reform in selected areas are useful strategies that other countries considering abolishing primary school fees could take to cope with the associated surge in enrolments.
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/130/1/MPRA_paper_130.pdf
Al-Samarrai, Samer and Zaman, Hassan (2000): Abolishing school fees in Malawi: the impact on education access and equity. Forthcoming in: Education Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:378
2019-09-26T13:02:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483432
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/378/
Precios hedónicos para valoración de atributos de viviendas sociales en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago
Quiroga, Bernardo F.
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H42 - Publicly Provided Private Goods
R21 - Housing Demand
In this paper, an hedonic pricing model is used to measure non-market attribute
valuation in Social Housing Programs in Santiago de Chile. Implicit marginal prices
are calculated as first stage Rosen estimates for attributes such as distance to
different services, number of rooms of each type, and availability of warm water and
connection to the sewage network. Distance implicit prices were calculated as the
difference between coefficients of dummy variables which measured different distance
levels. Results reveal non-linearity in the value of distances. Also, the number of
rooms (especially bathrooms), as well as access to warm water and sewage system
were highly valued.
2005-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/378/1/MPRA_paper_378.pdf
Quiroga, Bernardo F. (2005): Precios hedónicos para valoración de atributos de viviendas sociales en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:727
2019-09-26T13:43:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523132
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/727/
The Role of Public Infraestructure in Market Development in Rural Peru
Escobal, Javier
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
O18 - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis ; Housing ; Infrastructure
This Study provides a conceptual framework to study the impact of rural infrastructure investment in market development and in the enhancement of income generating opportunities for the poor in rural Peru. The study uses descriptive methods and regression analysis together with relatively new impact evaluation techniques, like propensity score matching, to understand the causal paths through which the access to new or improved infrastructure services affect the livelihood strategies and livelihood outcomes of rural households. The data sources included in this study include regional time series data, several cross-section household level data sets coming from rural representative Living Standard Measurement Surveys; a household panel data set coming from the same source, together with specialized surveys developed by the author. The analysis shows that there are important complementarities in rural infrastructure investment. That is, even if any particular infrastructure investment (related to roads, electricity, telecommunication, water, or sanitation services) may be subject to diminishing returns, if done in isolation, this effect can be overcome if it is done in combination with other investments. In this way it is possible to get a sustained growth effect on rural incomes from infrastructure investment. The study shows that infrastructure investments reduce transaction costs and enhances the opportunities for spatial arbitrage, paving the way for improving market efficiency. However, the study warns that efficiency and equity gains may not occur simultaneously, because those that are better off in rural areas may obtain higher returns to infrastructure investments because of a larger private asset base or because of a better access to other public infrastructure.
2005-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/727/1/MPRA_paper_727.pdf
Escobal, Javier (2005): The Role of Public Infraestructure in Market Development in Rural Peru.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1017
2019-10-14T16:36:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483733
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1017/
Yardstick competition: a spatial voting model approach
Canegrati, Emanuele
H73 - Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I analyse a yardstick competition game using a spatial voting model, where voters vote for a candidate according to the distance between their Ideal Point and the policy selected by a candidate. The policy which is closest to a voter’s IP provides the voter with a higher utility so that minimizing the distance means maximising the utility. I
demonstrate that in the presence of asymmetrical information the existence of yardstick competition entails a selection device but not a discipline device, suggesting the existence of a trade off between these two goals. In the second part, I analyse an economic environment characterised by the presence of shocks, whose sign and magnitude are private information of incumbents. This time, the introduction of
yardstick competition acts both as a selection and a discipline device.
2006-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1017/1/MPRA_paper_1017.pdf
Canegrati, Emanuele (2006): Yardstick competition: a spatial voting model approach.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1127
2019-09-26T18:57:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1127/
Selbständige und ihre Altersvorsorge: Sozialpolitischer Handlungsbedarf?
Fachinger, Uwe
Oelschläger, Angelika
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D60 - General
One of the characteristics of the structural development in the Federal Republic of Germany is the increase of self-employment. In contrary to the regulations for dependent employees, a large part of self-employed persons are not included in the social security system. Social security insurances for self-employed only exist as exceptions. Therefore, the increase of selfemployment without social security may cause problems within the social security system.
Our analysis shows that at present the data base is insufficient for statements about old-age security of self-employed. Nevertheless, it becomes clear that most of the self-employed are not included within the obligatory system of old-age security and that the existing structures are heterogeneous.
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1127/1/MPRA_paper_1127.pdf
Fachinger, Uwe and Oelschläger, Angelika (2000): Selbständige und ihre Altersvorsorge: Sozialpolitischer Handlungsbedarf?
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1129
2019-09-27T09:18:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1129/
Selbständige in der EU: Einige Anmerkungen zu den Problemen ihrer sozialen Absicherung
Fachinger, Uwe
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D60 - General
J23 - Labor Demand
The aim of the paper is to point to some emerging problems concering the social security of the self-employed. There is a call for action related to the social security systems of the single states and the intergovernmental coordination. In this context the point of view of the European Commission is of special interest and therefore special attention is paid to this matter in the paper.
The short survey shows, that there are special aspects which have to be considered to derive some options for social policy measures, which are the result of inter alia
1. the different principles of taxes within the member states,
2. the cross-border production of goods and services,
3. the relocation of self-employed people between the member states and
4. the change of the working status, e. g. the change from dependent employee to selfemployed person et vice versa.
Further the analysis elucidates, that the priority of the employment policy in respect to social policy within the EU-context has to be taken into consideration for all proposed reforms and that the European Institutions will carefully keep an eye on the guarantee of the four rights of freedom and that no measure will thwart the competition policies and employment policies.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1129/1/MPRA_paper_1129.pdf
Fachinger, Uwe (2003): Selbständige in der EU: Einige Anmerkungen zu den Problemen ihrer sozialen Absicherung.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1132
2019-10-23T04:29:03Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1519
2019-10-04T05:04:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1519/
Prima le donne e i bambini. Il peso politico dei minorenni: come e perché è indispensabile farlo emergere. La prospettiva secondo Luigi Campiglio.
Reggiani, Tommaso
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I0 - General
K40 - General
Prof. Luigi Campiglio has endorsed a test, entitled Prima le donne e i bambini (First the women and children), which reflects the importance of women and children for the entire society. Meeting this test requires that under-age children be able to exercise political weight, which can only be accomplished by allowing them to vote. They should be able to do so by giving their mothers the power to vote on their behalves, through exercise of a power of attorney.
2006-04-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1519/1/MPRA_paper_1519.pdf
Reggiani, Tommaso (2006): Prima le donne e i bambini. Il peso politico dei minorenni: come e perché è indispensabile farlo emergere. La prospettiva secondo Luigi Campiglio.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1522
2019-10-01T18:16:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523133
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1522/
Il successo del microcredito
Reggiani, Tommaso
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
R13 - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
Is possible to think the credit access like a human right? Eventually, to practice an approach of this type, is it sostenibile from the entrepreneurial and social point of view? These are the two challenges that the microcredit is defying.
2005-07-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1522/1/MPRA_paper_1522.pdf
Reggiani, Tommaso (2005): Il successo del microcredito. Published in: Appunti di cultura e politica , Vol. Vol. 4, (1 July 2005): pp. 33-37.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1529
2019-10-03T17:10:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1529/
Desarrollo socioeconómico y pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe
Mora-Alfaro, Jorge
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I30 - General
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
The political and economical reforms applied in Latina American and Caribbean (LAC) countries, since the 80 decade, in the structural adjustment context, produced a break in relation to the development model followed for the majority of these nations, with evident differences between them, in the past three decades. In this document was tried to do a synthesis of the main socioeconomic Latin-American development tendencies, remarking the opportunities and obstacles to impulse the strategies that drove to the route of the human sustainability development. It was did an analysis of the most important reforms characteristics, and their mostly significant results. The modifications in the economic growth model established in the region, found poverty persistence, the inequality enlarge and the social mobility limitations, some of the most clear expressions of the difficulties to promote the human sustainability development in ALC. These were considered like the Achilles Heel of the development model and the economic policies adopted, in uniform and generalized manner, by the diverse and heterogeneous Latin-American and Caribbean societies during this period. The human deprivations magnitude and the damage suffered by natural resources base in the region, established significant challenges for global human sustainability development strategies impulse. In consequence, this situation positioning the themes of the poverty and the social inequalities in an outstanding point in the regional development agenda. In this work, was did a recount of the main procedures used to poverty measurement and present information about this social phenomenon evolution, major limitations of these countries population to have the benefit of the civil, political and social rights. Also, the document realized an analysis on the subject of the democracy development and the social exclusion, poverty and the inequalities in the social tissue of these nations. These processes offer an explanation of the restrictions to build democratic societies that profound the electorate democracy and create an integral citizenship in these nations. The document referred to some changes experimented by the civil society and his essential position in the citizenship building and in the regional democratic processes. Likewise, was did a social policies orientation analysis, in the frame of the economic and political reforms established in the eighties decade as well the demands of these policies reorientation as a consequence of the poverty, inequality and social exclusion persistent in the ALC countries. The information with reference to the public social investment evolution, in the different regional societies, is a good indicator about the states effort against the poverty and inequality. At least, was analyzed the communitarian development, the social capital and the actions with an ascendant focus, impulse from the particular conditions (productive, economic, institutional, social and environmental) of the diverse urban and rural local spaces. This is understand as relevant route to strengthen the local democracy, to build citizenship, promote the human, economic, political, socio cultural and protection capacities between the deprived families. The results obtained with the development of these initiatives, and the particular experiences and the public and privet institutions that facilitate or promote these initiatives, with the participation of the local communities, have much potential importance to influence the policies definition, the development orientation and in the indication of the limitations to sustainability development that was born with the growth economic model prevailing during the last two decades in the majority of the Latin American and Caribbean countries.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1529/1/MPRA_paper_1529.pdf
Mora-Alfaro, Jorge (2005): Desarrollo socioeconómico y pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1896
2019-10-08T04:48:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483234
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483231
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483331
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483237
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443738
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1896/
A formula for the optimal taxation in Probabilistic Voting Models characterized by Single Mindedness
Canegrati, Emanuele
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
H21 - Efficiency ; Optimal Taxation
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
H31 - Household
H27 - Other Sources of Revenue
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation
This work intends to specify a formula for the optimal taxation in Probabilistic
Voting Models with Single Mindedness Theory. The goal is to find an
equivalent expression to the Ramsey’s rule for a political economy environment
where Governments are assumed to be Leviathans rather than benevolents.
2007-02-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1896/1/MPRA_paper_1896.pdf
Canegrati, Emanuele (2007): A formula for the optimal taxation in Probabilistic Voting Models characterized by Single Mindedness.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1926
2019-10-04T21:55:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D49:4933
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1926/
SMES and enjoying Economic Human Rights in Egypt
Alasrag, Hussien
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
Economic Human Rights are considered one of the basic human rights. In spite of many reforms have been taken to increase enjoying Economic Human Rights in Egypt, It still compare poorly with other developing countries. Nearly 43.9% of the Egypt’s population lives on less than $2a day, and 16.7% barely survive on less than $1 a day. Improving the climate for SMES in Egypt is essential to enjoying economic human rights and to provide jobs and opportunities for young people and to build a more inclusive, balanced, and peaceful community . The purpose of this paper is to review and analysis the role of SMES on enjoying Economic Human Rights in Egypt
2007-02-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1926/1/MPRA_paper_1926.pdf
Alasrag, Hussien (2007): SMES and enjoying Economic Human Rights in Egypt.
ar
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2320
2019-10-01T08:14:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443131
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
7375626A656374733D48:4836:483631
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3236
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443734
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3532
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3538
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483231
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3531
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483331
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443931
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443738
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483234
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3131
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2320/
The single-mindedness of labor unions when transfers are not Lump-Sum
canegrati, emanuele
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
D11 - Consumer Economics: Theory
J23 - Labor Demand
H61 - Budget ; Budget Systems
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J18 - Public Policy
J26 - Retirement ; Retirement Policies
D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances ; Revolutions
J52 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation ; Collective Bargaining
J58 - Public Policy
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
H21 - Efficiency ; Optimal Taxation
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J51 - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
H31 - Household
D91 - Intertemporal Household Choice ; Life Cycle Models and Saving
D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation
H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
J11 - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
J14 - Economics of the Elderly ; Economics of the Handicapped ; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
In this paper I analyse a labour market where the wage is endogenously
determined according to an Efficient Bargaining process
between a firm and a labour union whose members are partitioned
into two social groups: the old and the young. Furthermore, I exploit
the Single-Mindedness theory, which considers the existence of a density
function which endogenously depends on leisure. I demonstrate
that, when preferences of one group for leisure are higher than those
of the other group the latter suffers from higher tax rates and with
lower level of wage rates and lower levels of leisure. Finally, since the
former is more single-minded, it may exploit its greater political power
in order to get a positive intergenerational transfer which takes place
via labour income taxation. Empirical evidence from the WERS 2004
survey confirms main results of the model.
2007-03-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2320/1/MPRA_paper_2320.pdf
canegrati, emanuele (2007): The single-mindedness of labor unions when transfers are not Lump-Sum.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2548
2019-10-01T09:50:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483530
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D48:4836:483631
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4831:483131
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3133
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443131
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443330
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3236
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
7375626A656374733D48:4836:483630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443734
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2548/
A Single-Mindedness model with n generations
Emanuele, Canegrati
H50 - General
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
H61 - Budget ; Budget Systems
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
J13 - Fertility ; Family Planning ; Child Care ; Children ; Youth
D11 - Consumer Economics: Theory
D30 - General
C72 - Noncooperative Games
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
J26 - Retirement ; Retirement Policies
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
H31 - Household
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
H60 - General
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances ; Revolutions
In this paper I will analyse the redistribution of income amongst n
generations using the Single-mindedness Theory. I will introduce a new
expression for the balanced-budget constraint, no longer based on lump-
sum transfers as in the traditional literature, but rather on more realistic
labour income taxation. Since the Government has to clear the budget,
some generations obtain a benefit, whilst some other must pay the entire
cost of social secutiry systems. I will demonstrate that generations which
are more single-minded on leisure are the most better off since they are
more able to capture politicians in the political competition. Further-
more, it could be the case that candidates are not forced to undertake the
same policies in equilibrium and I will demonstrate that this result holds
only once an endogenous density function for individual preferences for
politicians is considered.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2548/1/MPRA_paper_2548.pdf
Emanuele, Canegrati (2007): A Single-Mindedness model with n generations.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3132
2019-09-27T13:52:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3132/
Child Malnutrition and Mortality in Developing Countries: Evidence from a Cross-Country Analysis
Gabriele, Alberto
Schettino, Francesco
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
O21 - Planning Models ; Planning Policy
In this paper we propose and test an interpretative framework on the social and economic determinants of child malnutrition and child mortality, two key human development indicators. The paper is organized as follows. Section 1 illustrates the main economic and social factors causing child malnutrition and mortality. Section 2 identifies the main clusters of food insecure and vulnerable households and briefly describes their livelihood profiles. Section 3 exposes our cross-country estimation methodology. Section 4 reports and discusses the results. Section 5 concludes.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3132/1/MPRA_paper_3132.pdf
Gabriele, Alberto and Schettino, Francesco (2007): Child Malnutrition and Mortality in Developing Countries: Evidence from a Cross-Country Analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3158
2019-10-01T01:47:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463335
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3158/
Moral Hazard and the Composition of Transfers: Theory with an Application to Foreign Aid
Amegashie, J. Atsu
Ouattara, Bazoumanna
Strobl, Eric
F35 - Foreign Aid
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
The paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of a donor’s choice of the composition of unrestricted and in-kind/restricted transfers to a recipient and how this composition is adjusted in response to changes in the moral hazard behavior of the recipient. In-kind or restricted transfers may be used, among others, to control a recipient’s moral hazard behavior but may be associated with deadweight losses. Within the context of foreign aid, we use a canonical political agency model to construct a simple signaling game between a possibly corrupt politician in a recipient country and a donor to illustrate the donor’s optimal choice of tied (restricted) and untied foreign aid. We clarify the condition under which a reduction in the recipient’s moral hazard behavior (i.e., improvement in the level of governance) leads to a fall in the proportion of tied aid. We test the predictions of our theoretical analysis using data on the composition of foreign aid by multilateral and bilateral donors.
2007-04-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3158/1/MPRA_paper_3158.pdf
Amegashie, J. Atsu and Ouattara, Bazoumanna and Strobl, Eric (2007): Moral Hazard and the Composition of Transfers: Theory with an Application to Foreign Aid.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3189
2019-10-01T12:22:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3236
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3189/
Reformen der Alterssicherung und der sozioökonomische Status Älterer in Großbritannien und Deutschland
Ginn, Jay
Fachinger, Uwe
Schmähl, Winfried
J26 - Retirement ; Retirement Policies
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
The paper outlines in short the development of old age security systems in the United Kingdom and Germany and shows the current state of the socio-economic status of the elderly. We start with a brief and only the basic conception characterizing description of the old age security systems, followed by a presentation of the political discussion and the development of the law since 2000. Then the current old age policy is evaluated on the basis of four criteria: Income adequacy for pensioners, degree of inequality of pensioner incomes, sustainability of pension schemes and maintenance of incentives to save. This is followed by a brief outline of the emerging challenges over the next ten years. Finally some conclusions are drawn, which occur from the analysis.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3189/1/MPRA_paper_3189.pdf
Ginn, Jay and Fachinger, Uwe and Schmähl, Winfried (2007): Reformen der Alterssicherung und der sozioökonomische Status Älterer in Großbritannien und Deutschland. Published in: Working Paper of the Centre for Social Policy Research No. 4 (April 2007)
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3210
2019-10-04T03:29:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D52:5235:523531
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483735
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3210/
Poverty Reduction by Decentralisation: A Case for Rural Panchyats in Tamil Nadu
Sivagnanam, K. Jothi
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
R51 - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies
H75 - State and Local Government: Health ; Education ; Welfare ; Public Pensions
An attempt has been made in this paper to study the linkage between decentralisation and poverty reduction with special reference to panchayati raj institutions in Tamil Nadu. The policy implication of the study emphasises that the process of decentralisation should be designed and implemented so as to achieve required reduction in poverty.
In the globalised era, decentralization has attracted significant interest in recent
years. Decentralization is being seen as one of the missing institutional link between economic growth and distributive justice. Decentralisation is linked to poverty reduction in many ways. While decentralization has become a development strategy of many developing countries, its linkage to poverty reduction in particular has been the subject of recent time. In India, where social and rural sector are still backward and further affected by the ongoing liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation process, even high growth rates and innumerable poverty eradication schemes of the union as well as the state governments have failed to ensure distributive justice and left millions in sustained deprivation. Panchayati raj institutions could be a promising institutional link to combat poverty in terms of efficient designing and effective targeting.
2007-07-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3210/1/MPRA_paper_3210.pdf
Sivagnanam, K. Jothi (2007): Poverty Reduction by Decentralisation: A Case for Rural Panchyats in Tamil Nadu.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3490
2019-09-26T10:34:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3490/
The impact of the introduction of social welfare schemes in Ireland, (1930s-1950s)
Cousins, Mel
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
The relatively few studies of the Irish social welfare system have focused mainly
on the forces behind the introduction of social welfare schemes rather than the
impact which these schemes had in demographic and labour market terms. This
note presents a preliminary examination of the issues and evidence concerning
the impact of two significant schemes: the widow’s pension and children’s
allowance. Its findings are significantly limited by the non-availability of data
concerning, for example, the living arrangements of widows and large families in
the relevant period. The main findings are as follows:
1. In those areas for which there is data, albeit imperfect in many cases, there is
limited, if any, indication of a significant impact of the introduction of these
schemes, for example, in relation to the remarriage rate of widows, the
employment rate of married women, the numbers of children in care, levels of
fertility or marriage.
2. The one area where there would appear to be an impact is in the
employment rate of widows, where the introduction of widow�s pension appears
to have accelerated an ongoing decline.
3. In relation to poverty, there is no direct evidence of poverty rates in published
data. However, the introduction of widow�s pensions must have improved the
financial position of such widows as the introduction of children’s allowance must
have improved the financial position of larger families.
4. There is a co-occurrence of the introduction of children’s allowance and the
fall in infant mortality. However, despite other studies which suggest a strong link
between the two, it is suggested that that the link may be less direct and that it is
more likely to reflect concurrent, but as yet, unquantified, improvements in
children’s health care staff. This is not to say that the improvement in the
financial position of families had no impact on infant mortality.
This preliminary study suggests that the published data provides quite limited
information on the impact of social welfare schemes, and that in order to
investigate this further, examination of original Census material, such as, for
example, housing conditions and employment rates by family size would be
required.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3490/1/MPRA_paper_3490.pdf
Cousins, Mel (2005): The impact of the introduction of social welfare schemes in Ireland, (1930s-1950s).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3987
2019-09-28T06:45:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493132
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3987/
Child Mortality In China And Vietnam In A Comparative Perspective
Alberto, Gabriele
Schettino, Francesco
I12 - Health Behavior
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
O21 - Planning Models ; Planning Policy
This paper analyzes China’s and Vietnam’s performance in reducing under-five child mortality in a comparative perspective. Under the market socialist model, both countries achieved very high rates of GDP growth, but income distribution and the provision of key public services deteriorated. As a result, child mortality reduction in China and Vietnam was only partially satisfactory. However, although the former grew faster and is more economically developed, Vietnam’s record in this area was markedly better than China’s. We show that this apparent paradox is due mainly to two reasons. One is related to the relative status of women, which is better in Vietnam than in China. The other stems from the fact that the perverse side-effects of market-oriented reforms (such as worsening income distribution and degradation of essential public services) have reached a more advanced and alarming stage in China than in Vietnam.
2006-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3987/1/MPRA_paper_3987.pdf
Alberto, Gabriele and Schettino, Francesco (2006): Child Mortality In China And Vietnam In A Comparative Perspective.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4409
2019-09-27T11:36:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4409/
The role of household income and public provision of social services in satisfaction of basic needs in Pakistan: A cross district analysis
Siddiqui, Rizwana
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
Is household income enough for human development or government should heed to direct provision of social services to improve capabilities of individual. The former emphasized by the World Bank and later by the UNDP. This paper tests the argument by estimating a basic need policy model for Pakistan using cross district data. The results are consistent with the view that government provision of social services affects human capabilities significantly. However, the ultimate constraints on the sustainable capability development are material resources.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4409/1/MPRA_paper_4409.pdf
Siddiqui, Rizwana (2007): The role of household income and public provision of social services in satisfaction of basic needs in Pakistan: A cross district analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4819
2019-09-30T21:27:58Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493138
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4819/
Total Sanitation Campaign - Changing Face of Rural Burdwan
Majumder, Rajarshi
I18 - Government Policy ; Regulation ; Public Health
I0 - General
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Burdwan District of West Bengal is considered to be both the ‘Granary of Bengal' and the ‘Ruhr of Bengal'. But the sanitation system in the villages were (and still are in many cases) non-existent with open defacetation being the predominant practice. As a result incidence of communicable diseases is widespread, and there are deaths due to Gastro-instentinal problems and Snake-bites. To improve the situation, the Government of West Bengal, along with a few NGOs had taken up the task of 'TOTAL SANITATION' for the district through the District Committee or Zilla Parishad. The programme involves promoting and cajoling villagers to install and use Sanitary Latrine in their own courtyard which are cheap and subsidised by the Govt. Progress of the programme is encouraging with two blocks of the district with about 60,000 households being already covered. Progress is on in other areas also. The Dept of Economics at the University of Burdwan, was entrusted with the duty of evaluating the progress of the work independently. The paper reports the survey findings. The initial situation, the programme, costs involved, and the evaluation results are focused upon.
2003-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4819/1/MPRA_paper_4819.pdf
Majumder, Rajarshi (2003): Total Sanitation Campaign - Changing Face of Rural Burdwan. Published in: India Infrastructure Report 2004, (ed) Sebastian Morris, Oxford University Press and 3i Network (2004)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5359
2019-09-28T18:44:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5359/
Political budget cycles and social security budget increases in the Republic of Ireland, 1923-2005
Cousins, Mel
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
This paper examines social security increases in Ireland as a case study of the existence of political budget cycles in European countries. Ireland is an appropriate country to examine, first because it has a system of proportional representation and some studies suggest that proportional electoral systems are associated with expansions of welfare spending both before and after elections. Second, it is generally recognised that Irish political parties occupy the middle ground in terms of political ideology. Again studies would suggest that an absence of a strong ideological commitment to particular policies may make political budget cycles more likely. Utilising the distinctive nature of the public expenditure process in relation to welfare budget increases, this article examines the issue of whether or not a political budget cycle can be seen in Ireland in relation to social security expenditure. It draws a number of conclusions as to the existence and incidence of political budget cycles in an Irish context and also looks at whether political budget cycles have succeeded in their apparent objective i.e. securing election for the relevant political party.
2007-06-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5359/1/MPRA_paper_5359.pdf
Cousins, Mel (2007): Political budget cycles and social security budget increases in the Republic of Ireland, 1923-2005.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5535
2019-09-28T04:48:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5535/
The politics of poor law reform in early twentieth century Ireland
Cousins, Mel
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
This paper looks at the reform of poor relief in Dublin (the capital city of the then Irish Free State) in the 1920s and 1930s. In particular, it examines the introduction of the Poor Relief (Dublin) Act, 1929 and the role of political parties and interest groups in shaping its final outcome. This study is of particular interest in that it came in the first decade of Irish independence in a transitional phase of political and policy development. As such it took place before the political system took on the more rigid structures to be found in the mature Irish polity. It is one of the very few examples of an initiative by an Irish opposition party leading to significant change in the welfare area. In addition, the reform took place at a time when policies were moving from the more localised model of the nineteenth century to a more centralised approach. This local focus shows very clearly the particular class interests at play in the Dublin reform.
2007-11-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5535/1/MPRA_paper_5535.pdf
Cousins, Mel (2007): The politics of poor law reform in early twentieth century Ireland.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5621
2019-09-28T16:41:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523133
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5621/
The Microcredit Success
Reggiani, Tommaso
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
R13 - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Is possible to think the credit access like a human right? Eventually, to practice an approach of this type, is it sostenibile from the entrepreneurial and social point of view? These are the two challenges that the microcredit is defying.
2005-07-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5621/1/MPRA_paper_5621.pdf
Reggiani, Tommaso (2005): The Microcredit Success. Published in: Appunti di cultura e politica , Vol. Vol. 4, (1 July 2005): pp. 33-37.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6352
2019-09-28T16:49:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3236
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6352/
Die Rentenreform in der Diskussion Ein Mikrosimulationsmodell für die Altersvorsorge in Deutschland (AVID-PRO)
Schatz, Christof
Merz, Joachim
I30 - General
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J26 - Retirement ; Retirement Policies
Anfang diesen Jahres wurden die Ergebnisse der Studie "Altersvorsorge in Deutschland 1996 (AVID '96)" veröffentlicht.
Diese Studie beschreibt die zukünftige Alterseinkommenssituation der heute noch erwerbstätigen Bevölkerung.
Zentraler Bestandteil ist die Schätzung der zukünftigen weiteren Verläufe der Erwerbsbiographien. In der
vorliegenden Arbeit soll das Instrument dieser Projektion, das Mikrosimulationsmodell AVID-PRO für die Fortschreibung
der Erwerbsbiographien zur Analyse der Alterseinkommen der 1996 40 bis 60-jährigen Erwerbsbevölkerung
in Deutschland (AVID-PRO) dargestellt werden. Für dieses Mikrosimulationsmodell wurden im ersten Schritt
Längsschnitt- und Querschnittsdaten zur Erwerbsbiographie von ca. 14.000 Personen erhoben. Im zweiten Schritt
wurden diese Daten mittels verschiedener Regressionsverfahren auf Entwicklungstrends zwischen 1992 und 1996
untersucht, um daraus für die Fortschreibung geeignete Modelle mikroökonometrisch schätzen zu können.
Im Mittelpunkt der mikrosimulationsgestützten Projektion (AVID-PRO) stehen die drei Teilmodelle für die Variablen
”Soziale Erwerbssituation”, ”Einkommen” und ”Wochenarbeitszeit”. Damit wurde die Erwerbsbiographie jedes
Probanden von seinem Alter bei der Befragung bis zu seinem 65. Lebensjahr mittels der Mikrosimulation fortgeschrieben.
Neben diesen Verhaltensgleichungen beinhaltet AVID-PRO eine Vielzahl detaillierter institutioneller
Regelungen der verschiedenen Alterssicherungssysteme.
Auf der Basis der durch AVID-PRO vervollständigten Biographiedaten wurden die Alterseinkommen der Probanden
aus den verschiedenen Alterssicherungssystemen und -vorsorgemaßnahmen berechnet. Ausgewählte Ergebnisse
werden vorgestellt. Damit steht insgesamt in Deutschland für die aktuelle Rentenreformdebatte ein leistungsfähiges
Mikrosimulationsmodell für die Analyse alternativer Politikvorschläge zur Alterssicherung auf der Basis einer
breiten repräsentativen verknüpften Stichprobe mit allen
2000-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6352/1/MPRA_paper_6352.pdf
Schatz, Christof and Merz, Joachim (2000): Die Rentenreform in der Diskussion Ein Mikrosimulationsmodell für die Altersvorsorge in Deutschland (AVID-PRO).
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6678
2019-09-29T04:33:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6678/
Does Micro-credit Program in Bangladesh Increase Household’s Ability to Deal with Economic Hardships?
Hoque, Serajul
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
It is often argued that micro-credit program intervention at the grassroots level increases the ability of the poor to deal with crises. This paper examines the relationship between households’ involvement in micro-credit programs and their capacities to deal with economic hardships by focussing on BRAC, one of the largest micro-credit providers in Bangladesh. Using RAND data collected in one region of rural Bangladesh, the paper addresses a key question: Do micro-credit programs increase the ability of the poor to deal with crises? The findings in this paper indicate that BRAC’s micro-credit program in Bangladesh may increase participating households’ abilities to cope with economic hardships but further research to much more systematic information needs to be conducted about micro-credit program before conclusive results can be reached.
2008-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6678/1/MPRA_paper_6678.pdf
Hoque, Serajul (2008): Does Micro-credit Program in Bangladesh Increase Household’s Ability to Deal with Economic Hardships?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7180
2019-09-26T19:28:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493238
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7180/
Habilidades Cognitivas: Transmision Intergeneracional Por Niveles Socioeconomicos
Mayer Foulkes, David
Lopez Olivo, Maria Fernanda
Servan Mori, Edson
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I28 - Government Policy
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
Resumen:
Un modelo switching aplicado a información de la encuesta ENNViH 2002 evidencia diferencias significativas en la formación de habilidad cognitiva infantil através de los estratos sociales mexicanos. Un pequeño conjunto de variables de política pública y de características económicas de la localidad detecta un importante gradiente y variaciones en los determinantes familiares de la habilidad cognitiva infantil. Los niños de estratos sociales bajos adquieren una menor habilidad cognitiva, y dependen de la satisfacción de necesidades más básicas, que los de niveles mas altos. En los estratos bajos los coeficientes son consistentes con la existencia de restricciones de riqueza, que impiden una inversión óptima en el desarrollo infantil.
Abstract:
Using the ENNViH 2002 survey, a switching model shows that significant diferences exist in the formation of infant cognitive ability across Mexican social strata. Public policy variables and local economic characteristics are suficient to detect an important gradient in cognitive abilities and their family determinants in children. Children from lower strata acquire lower cognitive abilities and depend on the satisfaction of more basic needs than children in higher strata. Coeficients for the lower strata are consistent with the existence of wealth restrictions that impede optimal investment in child development.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7180/1/MPRA_paper_7180.pdf
Mayer Foulkes, David and Lopez Olivo, Maria Fernanda and Servan Mori, Edson (2008): Habilidades Cognitivas: Transmision Intergeneracional Por Niveles Socioeconomicos. Published in: Estudios Económicos , Vol. Vol. 2, (2008): pp. 129-156.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7304
2019-09-27T21:19:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7304/
Assessment of income distribution and a hypothetical flat tax reform in Hungary
Lelkes, Orsolya
Benedek, Dora
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
C80 - General
The paper presents evidence on the effects of taxes and benefits on household incomes in Hungary referring to the 2006 system and a hypothetical flat tax reform. For this, a microsimulation model is used, which is based on a matched sample of an income and a consumption survey and administrative tax records. The Hungarian budget receives more revenues from VAT than from PIT. This has major implications on equity, as while PIT is progressive, VAT is regressive, imposing a higher tax burden on low-income households. We highlight the importance of tax allowances. The absolute amount of total tax allowances tends to increase with income, and the share of allowances within total incomes is around 5-7% in all income groups, except the top fifth, where it declines. Targeting is thus inadequate, and it is especially so in case of child support. Family tax allowance reaches the bottom decile only to a limited extent. This is in sharp contrast with the universal child benefit, which is well targeted to the poorest. The second part explores the likely impact of the introduction of a flat tax, where VAT and PIT rates are set at 20%, and a tax free bracket for low incomes is kept. We show that a budget neutral solution would have a largely regressive effect, where 70% of the population would lose, with a minority on the top of the distribution gaining.
2007-07-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7304/1/MPRA_paper_7304.pdf
Lelkes, Orsolya and Benedek, Dora (2007): Assessment of income distribution and a hypothetical flat tax reform in Hungary.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7328
2019-09-30T13:15:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3236
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7328/
Die Rentenreform in der Diskussion Ein Mikrosimulationsmodell für die Altersvorsorge in Deutschland (AVID-PRO)
Schatz, Christof
Merz, Joachim
I30 - General
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J26 - Retirement ; Retirement Policies
Anfang diesen Jahres wurden die Ergebnisse der Studie "Altersvorsorge in Deutschland 1996 (AVID '96)" veröffentlicht.
Diese Studie beschreibt die zukünftige Alterseinkommenssituation der heute noch erwerbstätigen Bevölkerung.
Zentraler Bestandteil ist die Schätzung der zukünftigen weiteren Verläufe der Erwerbsbiographien. In der
vorliegenden Arbeit soll das Instrument dieser Projektion, das Mikrosimulationsmodell AVID-PRO für die Fortschreibung
der Erwerbsbiographien zur Analyse der Alterseinkommen der 1996 40 bis 60-jährigen Erwerbsbevölkerung
in Deutschland (AVID-PRO) dargestellt werden. Für dieses Mikrosimulationsmodell wurden im ersten Schritt
Längsschnitt- und Querschnittsdaten zur Erwerbsbiographie von ca. 14.000 Personen erhoben. Im zweiten Schritt
wurden diese Daten mittels verschiedener Regressionsverfahren auf Entwicklungstrends zwischen 1992 und 1996
untersucht, um daraus für die Fortschreibung geeignete Modelle mikroökonometrisch schätzen zu können.
Im Mittelpunkt der mikrosimulationsgestützten Projektion (AVID-PRO) stehen die drei Teilmodelle für die Variablen
”Soziale Erwerbssituation”, ”Einkommen” und ”Wochenarbeitszeit”. Damit wurde die Erwerbsbiographie jedes
Probanden von seinem Alter bei der Befragung bis zu seinem 65. Lebensjahr mittels der Mikrosimulation fortgeschrieben.
Neben diesen Verhaltensgleichungen beinhaltet AVID-PRO eine Vielzahl detaillierter institutioneller
Regelungen der verschiedenen Alterssicherungssysteme.
Auf der Basis der durch AVID-PRO vervollständigten Biographiedaten wurden die Alterseinkommen der Probanden
aus den verschiedenen Alterssicherungssystemen und -vorsorgemaßnahmen berechnet. Ausgewählte Ergebnisse
werden vorgestellt. Damit steht insgesamt in Deutschland für die aktuelle Rentenreformdebatte ein leistungsfähiges
Mikrosimulationsmodell für die Analyse alternativer Politikvorschläge zur Alterssicherung auf der Basis einer
breiten repräsentativen verknüpften Stichprobe mit allen Möglichkeiten zu verteilungs- und finanzierungspolitischen
Auswertungen über die Individualebene zur Verfügung.
2000-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7328/1/MPRA_paper_7328.pdf
Schatz, Christof and Merz, Joachim (2000): Die Rentenreform in der Diskussion Ein Mikrosimulationsmodell für die Altersvorsorge in Deutschland (AVID-PRO).
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8318
2013-02-18T18:06:58Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8347
2019-09-26T08:23:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8347/
Life Satisfaction in Urban China: Components and Determinants
Song, Lina
Appleton, Simon
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J18 - Public Policy
Survey data from urban China in 2002 show levels of life satisfaction to be low, but not exceptionally so, by international comparison. Many of the determinants of life satisfaction in urban China appear comparable to those for people in other countries. These include, inter alia, unemployment, income, marriage, sex, health and age. Communist Party membership and political participation raise life satisfaction. People appear fairly satisfied with economic growth and low inflation, and this contributes to their overall life satisfaction. There is dissatisfaction over pollution, but this – like job insecurity – does not appear to impact on life satisfaction.
2008-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8347/1/MPRA_paper_8347.pdf
Song, Lina and Appleton, Simon (2008): Life Satisfaction in Urban China: Components and Determinants.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9044
2019-09-29T04:34:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483232
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9044/
Rwanda: Electricity Tariff Reform
Angel-Urdinola, Diego
Cosgrove-Davies, Malcolm
Wodon, Quentin
H22 - Incidence
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Rwanda is facing a severe electricity crisis. Higher demand and production cost as well as a reduction in revenues in real terms have led to large operating losses for the electricity operator Electrogaz. In order to deal with this crisis, a doubling of electricity tariffs was recently approved, from a flat rate of RWF 42/kwh to a flat rate of RWF82/kwh. This flat rate may not be appropriate to protect some of the poorer residential customers of Electrogaz from the necessary increase in the average level of electricity tariffs. For this reason, Electrogaz has recently proposed to implement an Inverted U Block Tariff Structure. The objective of this paper is to provide a preliminary assessment of the distributive properties of the new tariff proposal, as well as simulations for the properties of alternative tariff designs using recent household survey data. The results show how simple techniques can be implemented fairly rapidly in order to assess the benefit incidence and poverty impact of policy proposals.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9044/1/MPRA_paper_9044.pdf
Angel-Urdinola, Diego and Cosgrove-Davies, Malcolm and Wodon, Quentin (2006): Rwanda: Electricity Tariff Reform. Published in: Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of Reforms: Lessons and Examples from Implementat (edited by A. Coudouel, A. Dani and S. Paternostro), World Bank, Washington, DC (2006): pp. 235-256.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9927
2019-09-27T03:21:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9927/
Determinants of Elderly Poverty in Vietnam
Giang, Thanh Long
Pfau, Wade Donald
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
By using household data in 2004, this paper identifies the determinants of the elderly poverty in
Vietnam. We find that urban and rural elderly are substantially different, and thus they should be
analyzed separately. The results for urban areas generally show that higher ages, unmarried status,
residential regions, and working status have significant impacts on the likelihood of poverty for the
elderly. In rural areas, higher ages, female, unmarried status, ethnic minorities, residential regions,
household composition, and household size are determinant factors of the likelihood of poverty for the elderly. We also found some factors which are less important for both areas, including characteristics of household heads. Remittances and social security benefits appear to be important for reducing poverty of the elderly households, particularly in the rural areas. Based on findings, we formulate policy priorities, including reducing regional disparities, promoting the rural economy, and reforming
the social security system.
2008-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9927/1/MPRA_paper_9927.pdf
Giang, Thanh Long and Pfau, Wade Donald (2008): Determinants of Elderly Poverty in Vietnam.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9930
2019-10-22T17:36:31Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10091
2018-01-06T08:48:40Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10125
2019-09-28T04:58:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453632
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483735
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483733
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10125/
Should we expect a race to the bottom in welfare benefits? Evidence from a multistate panel, 1979-1995
Smith, Mark W
E62 - Fiscal Policy
H75 - State and Local Government: Health ; Education ; Welfare ; Public Pensions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H73 - Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
Evidence exists that welfare recipients migrate between states to seek more generous benefits, potentially leading states to lower AFDC benefits to avoid such welfare migration. Taken further, this raises the specter of states competitively lowering benefits in reaction to similar moves by other states. The naïve model of policymaking assumes that benefits are solely a function of state characteristics. If benefits depend on the threat of welfare migration or other interstate competition, however, one must account for possible spillovers. This paper presents tests for the presence of welfare-policy spillovers in a panel of 47 states over the period 1979-1995. I find weak evidence of spillovers even in the presence of state fixed effects and political and budgetary-control variables.
1999-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10125/1/MPRA_paper_10125.pdf
Smith, Mark W (1999): Should we expect a race to the bottom in welfare benefits? Evidence from a multistate panel, 1979-1995.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10221
2019-09-26T16:24:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483231
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513131
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10221/
The effects of rising food prices on poverty in Mexico
Valero-Gil, Jorge
Valero, Magali
H21 - Efficiency ; Optimal Taxation
Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis ; Prices
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
We evaluate the impact of the rise in food prices during 2006-2008 on the poverty and extreme poverty rates in Mexico. We concentrate on the poor’s consumption of staple foods, and analyze the change in their consumption brought about by changed prices. We also allow households receiving income from the farming and livestock sector to benefit from increases in prices of food products. We find a modest increase in poverty using 2006-2007 prices, however, there is a daunting effect on the poor once the 2008 prices are taken into account. After considering the positive effects of public policies announced in 2008, such as reduced taxes and tariffs on food products and greater subsidies to the extremely poor, the poverty rate measured through consumption increases from 25% to 33.5%, and the extreme poverty rate from 10.58% to 16%, given the increase in food prices. Further analysis using the theory of optimal taxes suggests policies oriented towards relieving the food price pressure on the Mexican poor should aim at lowering the prices of eggs, vegetable oil, milk, and chicken.
2008-08-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10221/1/MPRA_paper_10221.pdf
Valero-Gil, Jorge and Valero, Magali (2008): The effects of rising food prices on poverty in Mexico.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10225
2013-07-02T12:27:05Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10228
2019-09-28T12:57:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10228/
Welfare Reform and Children's Short-Run Attainments: A Structural Approach
Chyi, Hau
Ozturk, Orgul
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J18 - Public Policy
In this paper, we develop a dynamic structural model of single mothers' work and welfare participation decisions while their children are young. This model is used to measure the effects of mothers' decisions on short run attainments of the children of NLSY 79. Using PIAT Math test score as a measure of attainment, we find that both single mothers' work and welfare use in the first
five years of their children's lives have a positive effect on children's outcomes, but this effect declines with initial ability. The higher the initial ability of a
child, the lower the positive impact work and welfare have. In fact, in the case of welfare the effect is negative if a child has more than median initial ability. Furthermore, we find that the work requirement reduces a single mother's use of welfare. However, the net effect of the work requirement on a child's test score depends on whether the mother's work brings in enough labor income to
compensate for the loss of welfare benefits. We also look at the implications of the welfare eligibility time limit and maternal leave policies on children's
outcomes.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10228/1/MPRA_paper_10228.pdf
Chyi, Hau and Ozturk, Orgul (2006): Welfare Reform and Children's Short-Run Attainments: A Structural Approach.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10245
2019-09-29T20:26:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
7375626A656374733D49:4930:493030
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483830
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443530
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423330
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D41:4133:413330
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493339
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483430
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3130
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10245/
Social Quality and Precarity: Approaching New Patterns of Societal (Dis)Integration
Herrmann, Peter
van der Maesen, Laurent J.G.
I30 - General
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
D90 - General
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
H70 - General
J40 - General
J00 - General
B20 - General
I00 - General
H80 - General
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
D50 - General
I0 - General
D30 - General
L10 - General
B30 - General
H00 - General
B00 - General
A10 - General
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
A30 - General
I39 - Other
H40 - General
B40 - General
J10 - General
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D60 - General
The main issue of this article is to discuss the question of ‘precarity’ in the context of the theory of social quality (see Beck et al, 2001), with which to pave the way for developing further the theoretical foundation of precarity. Societal practice is the main challenge this concept tries to address. However, the danger is to introduce a new term, yet maintaining a discussion on traditional problems as poverty, marginalisation and exclusion. Our thesis is that these problems, far from being sufficiently tackled, are currently going along with and being adjunct to another challenge, namely precarity. Although the ‘old problems’ are not problems of individuals and expression of their ‘personal failure’, precarity – seen in the context of the theory of social quality – means a new stage of socialisation of the problems by further individualisation of the victims. In principle, we can say that this understanding of precarity is an expression of a further erosion of society, characterising especially periods of transformation of economic systems.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10245/1/MPRA_paper_10245.pdf
Herrmann, Peter and van der Maesen, Laurent J.G. (2008): Social Quality and Precarity: Approaching New Patterns of Societal (Dis)Integration.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10255
2019-09-28T20:21:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3134
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3239
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10255/
Predicting Employment Effects of Job Coaching
McInness, Melayne
Ozturk, Orgul
McDermott, Suzanne
Mann, Joshua
J14 - Economics of the Elderly ; Economics of the Handicapped ; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
J29 - Other
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Providing employment-related services, including supported employment through job coaches, to individuals with developmental disabilities has been a priority in federal policy for the past twenty years starting with the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act in 1984. We take advantage of a unique panel data set of all clients served by the SC Department of Disabilities and Special Needs between 1999 and 2005 to investigate whether job coaching leads to stable employment in community settings. The data contain information on individual characteristics, such as IQ and the presence of
emotional and behavioral problems, that are likely to affect both employment propensity and likelihood of receiving job coaching. We control for unobserved heterogeneity and
endogeneity using fixed effects and instrumental variable models. Our results show that unobserved individual characteristics and endogeneity strongly bias naive estimates of the effects of job coaching. However, even after controlling for these, an economically and
statistically significant effect remains.
J
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10255/1/MPRA_paper_10255.pdf
McInness, Melayne and Ozturk, Orgul and McDermott, Suzanne and Mann, Joshua (2007): Predicting Employment Effects of Job Coaching.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10341
2019-09-28T15:12:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10341/
Welfare Reform and Children's Short-Run Attainments
Chyi, Hau
Ozturk, Orgul
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
J18 - Public Policy
Using PIAT Math test score as a measure of attainment, we find that both single mothers' work and welfare use in the first five years of their children's lives have a positive effect on children's outcomes, but this effect declines with
initial ability. The higher the initial ability of a child, the lower the positive impact work and welfare have. In fact, in the case of welfare the effect is negative if a child has more than median initial ability. Furthermore, we find that the work requirement reduces a single mother's use of welfare. However, the net effect of the work requirement on a child's test score depends on whether the mother's work brings in enough labor income to compensate for the loss of welfare benefits. We also look at the implications of the welfare eligibility time limit and maternal leave policies on children's outcomes.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10341/1/MPRA_paper_10341.pdf
Chyi, Hau and Ozturk, Orgul (2006): Welfare Reform and Children's Short-Run Attainments.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10529
2019-10-01T19:20:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34:4E3437
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10529/
Ausgrenzung und Entfremdung statt Integration: Afrikas Neuer Nationalismus in Zeiten der Globalisierung
Kohnert, Dirk
N47 - Africa ; Oceania
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
P16 - Political Economy
The New Nationalism in Africa and elsewhere shows remarkable differences both in its roots and its impact, compared with that of national independence movements of the early 1960s. Contrary to the first nationalism, the second is less prone to include than to exclude populations; alienation, xenophobia and its political instrumentalization are its curse. The New Nationalism has been shaped decisively by the consequences of globalization and by the increasing cleavages between the poor and the rich. Nowadays, structures of nationalism and nation-states differ more than in the past. Frequently, the new nationalism is rooted in populist grass-root movements which do not necessarily share the same interest as the ruling class or the state. This makes for its extraordinary political and social ambiguity and brisance.
2008-09-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10529/1/MPRA_paper_10529.pdf
Kohnert, Dirk (2008): Ausgrenzung und Entfremdung statt Integration: Afrikas Neuer Nationalismus in Zeiten der Globalisierung.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11072
2019-09-28T01:10:20Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483232
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11072/
Assessing the Targeting Performance of Social Programs: Cape Verde
Angel-Urdinola, Diego
Wodon, Quentin
H22 - Incidence
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
Budget constraints faced by governments in developing countries imply that the targeting performance of public subsidies and social programs (whether the subsidies are provided in cash or in kind) is important for reducing poverty. In this paper, we analyze the distributional properties of the main existing social programs in Cape Verde and assess whether various targeting systems (including proxy means testing and geographic targeting) could help to improve targeting performance.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11072/1/MPRA_paper_11072.pdf
Angel-Urdinola, Diego and Wodon, Quentin (2008): Assessing the Targeting Performance of Social Programs: Cape Verde. Published in: Public Finance for Poverty Reduction: Concepts and Case Studies from Africa and Latin America (edited by Blanca Moreno-Dodson and Quentin Wodon, published in World Bank Directions in Development) (January 2008): pp. 417-439.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11074
2019-10-01T18:57:43Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453632
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11074/
Analyzing the Potential Impact of Indirect Tax Reforms on Poverty with Limited Data: Niger
Sehili, Saloua
Wodon, Quentin
E62 - Fiscal Policy
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa are confronted with the need to raise tax revenues in order to be able to provide a range of services to their populations. Yet taxes and other government revenues as a proportion of GDP are lowest in the poorest countries that need to expand their services the most. In addition, because of high level of informality in their economies, very-low-income countries obtain a large share of tax revenues through consumption taxes which tend to be more regressive than taxes on incomes levied in richer countries. Such a situation poses a difficult dilemma. Very-low-income countries are trying to increase their tax revenues to provide better services to their populations in need, but at the same time a substantial part of the burden of increased taxation may fall on the poor. Furthermore, because the poor in very-low-income countries are often extremely poor, even small increases in the price of the goods they consume related to an increase in tax rates on those goods may have important negative implications for the households’ ability to meet their basic needs. This implies that government must be especially careful when raising taxes in order to provide social services. The type of household survey-based analysis that can be conducted to inform governments in this area is illustrated in this paper with a case study on Niger.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11074/1/MPRA_paper_11074.pdf
Sehili, Saloua and Wodon, Quentin (2008): Analyzing the Potential Impact of Indirect Tax Reforms on Poverty with Limited Data: Niger. Published in: Public Finance for Poverty Reduction: Concepts and Case Studies from Africa and Latin America (edited by Blanca Moreno-Dodson and Quentin Wodon, published in World Bank Directions in Development) (January 2008): pp. 345-370.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11222
2019-09-27T01:22:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11222/
A benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of a humanitarian aid program: a case study of an international NGO.
Malki, Elli
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions ; NGOs ; Social Entrepreneurship
This article presents a benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of organizations that provide humanitarian aid. The model was developed and implemented in the framework of a large international aid program. The model is based on measuring the labor productivity of each organization that provides services and comparing it to the benchmark. Two main results came out from the estimation of the model: (a) there were positive economies of scale in the program meaning that larger organizations were inherently more efficient than smaller ones; (b) the source of the inefficiency was identified, not in the administrative part of the organization, but rather in the programmatic part.
2008-10-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11222/1/MPRA_paper_11222.pdf
Malki, Elli (2008): A benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of a humanitarian aid program: a case study of an international NGO.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11277
2019-10-13T05:06:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483432
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3537
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34:4E3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11277/
Social equality and state welfare effort: More income-equality, no more equality in quality of life
Veenhoven, Ruut
H42 - Publicly Provided Private Goods
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
O57 - Comparative Studies of Countries
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
D60 - General
N40 - General, International, or Comparative
Cross-national studies on happiness have focused on differences in level of happiness. The focus of this paper is on spread in happiness in the nation, also called ‘inequality in happiness’. Inequality in happiness in nations can be measured by the size of the standard deviation of responses to survey questions about the ‘overall appreciation of one’s life-as-a-whole’.
This paper considers spread in happiness in 28 countries around 1980. Contrary to notions of a ‘divided’ society none of these countries shows a bi-modal distribution of happiness. All distribution are uni-modal, but the distributions are not equally flat. There are considerable differences in size of the standard deviations. These differences are not a statistical artifact of variation in level of happiness and appear quite constant through time.
Inequality in happiness appears to be greater in the socio-economically most unequal countries and smaller in politically democratic and economically developed nations. Contrary to expectation, inequality in happiness appears to be more closely linked to social equality among rich nations than among not-so-rich ones
1992
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11277/1/MPRA_paper_11277.pdf
Veenhoven, Ruut (1992): Social equality and state welfare effort: More income-equality, no more equality in quality of life.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11317
2019-09-27T00:49:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11317/
A benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of a humanitarian aid program: a case study of an international NGO
Malki, Elli
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions ; NGOs ; Social Entrepreneurship
This article presents a benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of organizations that provide humanitarian aid. The model was developed and implemented in the framework of a large international aid program. The model is based on measuring the labor productivity of each organization that provides services and comparing it to the benchmark. Two main results came out from the estimation of the model: (a) there were positive economies of scale in the program meaning that larger organizations were inherently more efficient than smaller ones; (b) the source of the inefficiency was identified, not in the administrative part of the organization, but rather in the programmatic part.
2008-10-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11317/1/MPRA_paper_11317.pdf
Malki, Elli (2008): A benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of a humanitarian aid program: a case study of an international NGO.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11357
2019-09-27T04:11:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11357/
A benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of a humanitarian aid program: a case study of an international NGO.
Malki, Elli
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions ; NGOs ; Social Entrepreneurship
This article presents a benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of organizations that provide humanitarian aid. The model was developed and implemented in the framework of a large international aid program. The model is based on measuring the labor productivity of each organization that provides services and comparing it to the benchmark. Two main results came out from the estimation of the model: (a) there were positive economies of scale in the program meaning that larger organizations were inherently more efficient than smaller ones; (b) the source of the inefficiency was identified, not in the administrative part of the organization, but rather in the programmatic part.
2008-10-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11357/2/MPRA_paper_11357.pdf
Malki, Elli (2008): A benchmarking model for measuring the efficiency of a humanitarian aid program: a case study of an international NGO.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11615
2019-09-28T03:09:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3332
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11615/
The Nature of Poverty and Its Prospects: Pakistan Evidence
Herani, Gobind M.
Wasim, Pervez
Rajar, Allah Wasayo
Shaikh, Riaz Ahmed
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J32 - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits ; Retirement Plans ; Private Pensions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
D14 - Household Saving; Personal Finance
This paper analysis the reasons of poverty, and identifies reduction strategies developed in Pakistan and its consequences. This exploratory study uses the secondary data for the analysis. Much has been written on poverty reduction in Pakistan. So many strategies are prepared and implemented in Pakistan; we have identified and analyzed these and found that no one is successful, and in the light of these results, it needs further contribution for the reduction of poverty. Trends have remained uneven during the study period. It is found that in 1970s, poverty decreased due to increase in prices of farm output and increase in remittance. In 1980s poverty decreased due to zakat distribution, increase in remittance growth in construction and services sector. Again after 2000 it reduced and much change is seen due to introduction of Microcredit, Khushhali bank and massive spending on poverty related and social sector. In the end implication are made for the better results of strategies and planning.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11615/1/MPRA_paper_11615.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. and Wasim, Pervez and Rajar, Allah Wasayo and Shaikh, Riaz Ahmed (2008): The Nature of Poverty and Its Prospects: Pakistan Evidence.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11963
2019-10-28T19:06:20Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12133
2019-09-26T08:22:57Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3139
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3136
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3238
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503237
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12133/
Earlier research work on tharparkar and sindh barrage, and similar studies related to demographic, social and economic conditions
Herani, Gobind M.
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
O19 - International Linkages to Development ; Role of International Organizations
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
J16 - Economics of Gender ; Non-labor Discrimination
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J28 - Safety ; Job Satisfaction ; Related Public Policy
P27 - Performance and Prospects
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
This study is earlier research works done on Tharparkar and Sindh barrage, and similar studies related to demographic, social and economic conditions and chapter-2 as a literature review of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. Purpose of the chapter was to give the complete picture of both areas and at national and international level to support the primary data of the thesis for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the lesson for Tharparkar to get prosperous and better demographically socially and economically. Only secondary data from reliable sources is given in this chapter with complete quotations. This study shows that earlier research work is done in Thar with the help of Government of Sindh, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Save the Children Fund (SCF)-U.K , titled as ” Tharparkar rural Development Project (TRDP) Evaluation 1993”. From, the detailed study of the chapter we conclude that, from Pakistan origin material, we expect more in future. Some active NGOs has also worked for the awareness and welfare of Thar. From the literature of foreign origin material, it is concluded that development of any area depends upon the awareness and leadership of local participation of indigenous people and results are comparatively better. From the study of Baroda project, Somalia, Grameen Bank of Bangladesh and other NGOs' who run the micro credit programs, it is evident that such programs are essential for the alleviation of poverty and lead towards the income generation of the local masses. Every work should be done through local NGOs, because NGO’s works are on the basis of honesty and is demand driven. It is recommended that Local organizations are must for the awareness welfare and development and they must demand facilities from government and donor agencies.
2008-12-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12133/1/MPRA_paper_12133.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2008): Earlier research work on tharparkar and sindh barrage, and similar studies related to demographic, social and economic conditions.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12134
2019-09-29T13:07:57Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12134/
Perspective of agro-based industry of Tharparkar
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is perspectives of agro-based industry of Tharparkar, and Third chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study perspectives of agro-based industry are discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the importance of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of perspectives of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable, there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. From all these discussion it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2008-12-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12134/1/MPRA_paper_12134.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2008): Perspective of agro-based industry of Tharparkar.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12135
2019-10-24T17:56:31Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12136
2019-10-02T04:48:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12136/
Brobles of agro based industry of Tharparkar and barrge area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is about problems of agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh, and fifth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study problems faced by agro-based industry are discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the problems of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of problems of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due to the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable; and there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. A barrage area is more developed than Thar. From all these discussions it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income for Thar. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2008-12-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12136/1/MPRA_paper_12136.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2008): Brobles of agro based industry of Tharparkar and barrge area of Sindh.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12137
2019-09-29T14:00:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12137/
Importance of agro based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is about importance of agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh, and sixth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study importance of agro-based industry is discussed with reference of main topics of the study: Crops, Non-crops, and Livestock in detail. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the importance of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of importance of the study so that valuable findings be drawn and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh to be better economically and socially. It is concluded that the scope of agro-based industry is too high, because of the fact that our country depends on agriculture. All branches of agro based industry are very important because they increase industrial products, provide employment, earn foreign exchange, increase income level and also provide employment to women and provide base for development for backward areas. At the same time reduces pressure of population and migration, distributes the Wealth properly and can be established with small capital. For this little imported inputs are required and no foreign investments or sophisticated technology is needed.
2008-12-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12137/1/MPRA_paper_12137.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2008): Importance of agro based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12200
2019-10-25T05:28:49Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12298
2019-09-29T00:04:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12298/
Inequality and Social Welfare
Wodon, Quentin
Yitzhaki, Shlomo
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
This paper provides a review of part of the literature on inequality and social welfare, with a special focus on the Gini index. The paper first presents the extended Gini index used for measuring inequality, as well as the source decomposition of the Gini used to analyze how changes in income and consumption sources affect overall inequality. The paper then provides a wide range of policy applications of the source decomposition of the extended Gini index, including techniques for analyzing the impact on inequality of the targeting of programs as opposed to the rules for the allocation of benefits among program participants.
2002-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12298/1/MPRA_paper_12298.pdf
Wodon, Quentin and Yitzhaki, Shlomo (2002): Inequality and Social Welfare. Published in: A Sourcebook for Poverty Reduction Strategies , Vol. 1, (April 2002): pp. 75-104.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12301
2019-09-27T12:53:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12301/
Perspectives of Agro-based Industry of Barrge Area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is perspective of agro-based industry of Tharparkar, and fourth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study perspective of agro-based industry is discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the perspectives of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of perspectives of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable, there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. From all these discussion it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2008-12-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12301/1/MPRA_paper_12301.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2008): Perspectives of Agro-based Industry of Barrge Area of Sindh.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12308
2019-09-26T18:25:26Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12308/
Government Programs and Poverty
Wodon, Quentin
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
The strategy of the Zedillo Administration for the reduction of poverty relied on both broad-based social expenditures and targeted poverty programs. Broad-based social expenditures are devoted to the areas of social security and healthcare, education, job training, and housing. Targeted poverty programs focus on investing in the human capital of the poor, promoting income and employment opportunities for the poor, and improving the physical infrastructure of poor areas. Public funding for targeted programs has increased much faster over the last dozen years than the programmable budget. Within targeted spending, half of the funds are devoted to human capital, a third to physical infrastructure, and the rest to income opportunities. This paper is based on the poverty assessment for Mexico completed by the World Bank. It evaluates the impact of government programs and policies on poverty. After summarizing the key findings through 10 strategic questions, the paper reviews broad-based social
expenditure and government programs targeted to the poor.
2001-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12308/1/MPRA_paper_12308.pdf
Wodon, Quentin (2001): Government Programs and Poverty. Published in: Mexico: A Comprehensive Development Agenda for the New Era (September 2001): pp. 569-616.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12354
2019-09-27T13:32:06Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12354/
Political Space, Pro-Poor Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy in Honduras
Cuesta, Jose
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
This paper assesses the political and socio-economic consequences of the Poverty
Reduction Strategy (PRS) in Honduras. The analysis uses several techniques (poverty narratives,
stakeholder analysis and taxonomy analysis) and quantitative and qualitative data (socioeconomic
indicators, PRS spending execution and interviews with stakeholders). It argues that the
PRS constitutes a missed opportunity to widen further the political space in which poverty
reduction is formulated and to deliver pro-poor growth. The inclusion of multiple actors with
different interests, capacities and influence led to a consensus too imprecise to articulate a set of
priorities, left alone a pro-poor growth agenda. Recently, by shifting unilaterally the growth pillar
of the PRS towards infrastructure investments and trade integration, Honduras may have lost yet
another opportunity to support a truly participatory democracy.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12354/1/MPRA_paper_12354.pdf
Cuesta, Jose (2006): Political Space, Pro-Poor Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy in Honduras. Published in: Journal of Latin American Studies , Vol. 39, No. 2 (2007): pp. 329-354.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12409
2019-09-29T07:40:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3338
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12409/
State Intervention and Labour Market in India: Issues and Options
Majumder, Rajarshi
Mukherjee, Dipa
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J38 - Public Policy
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
K31 - Labor Law
J30 - General
J23 - Labor Demand
State interventions into Labour policies in India are directed towards ensuring both job security and income security. In this paper we look at likely impact of such policies. The laws are found to serve the organised workers primarily while large masses of unorganised workers are without any security. To escape legislations, employers have substituted labour by capital, hired casual workers, and set up ancillary units. Consequently, output elasticity of employment has consistently declined and there is marked casualisation of workforce. Legislations have thus institutionalised and perpetuated labour market dualism. Reforms herein are necessary but should be implemented in a careful and phased manner to avoid deteriorating conditions in both the sectors in the name of uniformity. Linking retrenchment with Area Regeneration Programmes; upgrading employability quotient through training; allowing employers to transfer workers between units; providing easy credit and technical consultancy; and cooperative formation would help the workers.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12409/1/MPRA_paper_12409.pdf
Majumder, Rajarshi and Mukherjee, Dipa (2008): State Intervention and Labour Market in India: Issues and Options. Published in: K.K. Bagchi (ed) State, Labour and Development: An Indian Perspective, Abhijeet Publications (2008)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13119
2019-09-26T11:09:17Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13119/
Women in Development – Dissecting the Discourse
Vijayamohanan, Pillai N.
Asalatha, B. P.
Ponnuswamy, B.
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J16 - Economics of Gender ; Non-labor Discrimination
The concept of women’s development has now become an integral part of the development discourses and policy initiatives. This development has been informed by a remarkable though gradual shift in the perception about women, from the stature of victims and passive objects to that of independent agents. A significant impetus to raising such an informed platform came with the adoption of development issues within the UN system, in the background of increasing activism of development practitioners. The present paper critically traces the contours and its possible shades of this awakening that rises from the less ‘threatening’ planning for Women in Development (WID) to the more ‘confrontational’ gender planning with its aspiring goal of empowerment and emancipation. These movements have occasioned an increasing space for policy initiatives and interventions in favour of poor women in the Third World. There has been a gradual shift in orientation of these policy approaches towards women from ‘welfare’, to equity’ to anti-poverty’ to ‘efficiency’ and finally to ‘empowerment’. The policy reorientation reflects the changes in the basic economic approaches of the time, from modernization policies of accelerated growth, to basic needs strategies of growth with redistribution, to the recent so-called ‘compensatory measures’ for the neo-liberal illfare. The paper argues, inter alia, that the compensatory measures imply a substitution of the agency of civil society for that of the state in development process, the original agenda of the neo-liberalism.
2009-01-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13119/1/MPRA_paper_13119.pdf
Vijayamohanan, Pillai N. and Asalatha, B. P. and Ponnuswamy, B. (2009): Women in Development – Dissecting the Discourse.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13571
2019-10-23T17:41:32Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14751
2019-09-26T10:29:03Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3134
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14751/
Pension systems in 15 countries compared: the value of entitlements
Whitehouse, Edward
J14 - Economics of the Elderly ; Economics of the Handicapped ; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D14 - Household Saving; Personal Finance
This paper calculates prospective pension entitlements for illustrative workers at different income levels in 15 OECD countries. The modelling includes universal and resource tested schemes, public and private earnings-related plans and mandatory defined contribution schemes. The paper includes a detailed description of pension systems, gross pension benefits and benefits net of tax. The results show considerable differences in the philosophy of different countries pension schemes, particularly in the importance of insurance and redistributive motives.
2001-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14751/1/MPRA_paper_14751.pdf
Whitehouse, Edward (2001): Pension systems in 15 countries compared: the value of entitlements. Published in: Centre for Pensions and Superannuation Discussion Paper
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15414
2019-09-29T20:58:06Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15414/
The Targeting of Government Programs in Chile: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment
Clert, Carine
Wodon, Quentin
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
The government of Chile has been using for many years a system for the targeting of many of its income transfers and other social programs. The system is based on the ficha CAS, a two page form that households must fill if they wish to apply for benefits. Each household is attributed a score on the basis of the ficha CAS, and this score is used to determine eligibility not only for income transfers (e.g., pension assistance and family allowances), but also for water subsidies, access to social housing, and childcare centers. At the local level, municipalities also use the form for the targeting of their own programs and safety nets. Almost a third of all Chilean households have been filling the form. Taken as whole, the programs which are targeted using the ficha CAS play a major role not only in the alleviation of poverty, but also in its prevention by enabling vulnerable households to receive or not state and municipal support. This paper provides an assessment of the ficha CAS system using both quantitative and qualitative methods of investigation.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15414/1/MPRA_paper_15414.pdf
Clert, Carine and Wodon, Quentin (2002): The Targeting of Government Programs in Chile: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment. Published in: Chile’s High Growth Economy: Poverty and Income Distribution 1987-1998, World Bank Country Study, Washington, DC (2002): pp. 143-166.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15415
2019-09-26T18:54:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15415/
Government Programs for the Insertion of Youth and Women in Chile's Labor Market: A Discussion
Castro-Fernandez, Rodriguo
Clert, Carine
Wodon, Quentin
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
In Chile, labor-based inclusion policies and training programs have been targeted at social groups seen as especially vulnerable. Using results from the 1990 CASEN household survey, the democratic governments identified youths and women heads of households as target groups in need of training. This led to the creation of two training programs: one for women (Capacitacion para Mujeres Jefes de Hogar), and one for youths (Chile J6ven). Do young workers and women need these special training programs? If yes, do programs such as PMJH and Chile Joven, as they stand, succeed in promoting the labor market insertion of their beneficiaries and in addressing the obstacles faced by low-income youth and female heads of households in finding and keeping good jobs? Are there other segments of the population which also require special attention from policy makers? Although this paper cannot address all these questions in a comprehensive manner, it does provide an introductory discussion of the issues.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15415/1/MPRA_paper_15415.pdf
Castro-Fernandez, Rodriguo and Clert, Carine and Wodon, Quentin (2002): Government Programs for the Insertion of Youth and Women in Chile's Labor Market: A Discussion. Published in: Chile’s High Growth Economy: Poverty and Income Distribution 1987-1998, World Bank Country Study, Washington, DC (2002): pp. 167-189.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15416
2019-09-30T12:24:14Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15416/
Protecting the Unemployed in Chile: From State Assistance to Individual Insurance?
Castro-Fernandez, Rodriguo
Wodon, Quentin
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
The weaknesses of traditional policies for dealing with unemployment shocks have placed the reform of social insurance programs at the center of the public policy debate. Unemployment insurance saving accounts (UISAs) have been proposed as an instrument to protect workers from the loss in earnings associated with unemployment. The idea is to have all workers (and possibly their employers as well) deposit a share of their monthly incomes into their UISA, with the balance in the account accruing market interest rates. During an unemployment spell, the workers who would be eligible to do so could withdraw funds from their individual account. It is only when there would be no or few funds left in the account that complementary unemployment assistance allowances would be provided. The fact that the accounts are individualized helps to solve the moral hazard problem. Moreover, the fact that the contribution system is mandatory also helps to solve another problem, namely the adverse selection mechanisms through which only some workers might choose to self-insure, or through which the private insurance firms insuring workers would try to hand-pick those workers with the lowest risk of being unemployed. Overall, the objective of UISAs is to set incentives right. Recent proposals for replacing standard forms of unemployment assistance by UISAs are being implemented in several Latin American countries. This paper explores some of the implications of replacing in Chile the current job security system with UISAs.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15416/1/MPRA_paper_15416.pdf
Castro-Fernandez, Rodriguo and Wodon, Quentin (2002): Protecting the Unemployed in Chile: From State Assistance to Individual Insurance? Published in: Chile’s High Growth Economy: Poverty and Income Distribution 1987-1998, World Bank Country Study, Washington, DC (2002): pp. 190-213.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15621
2019-09-27T17:03:05Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463532
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30:4E3030
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503438
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3738
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3333
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31:4E3137
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15621/
New Nationalism and Development in Africa: review article
Kohnert, Dirk
F52 - National Security ; Economic Nationalism
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
N00 - General
P48 - Political Economy ; Legal Institutions ; Property Rights ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Regional Studies
J78 - Public Policy
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
K33 - International Law
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
N17 - Africa ; Oceania
A14 - Sociology of Economics
About fifty years after the independence of most former colonies on the African continent, books on African nationalism again rank high on the agenda of the international academic discussion. A selection of three recent publications demonstrates the advances made in scholarly analysis in the meantime as well as the wide range of related subjects. The new nationalism in Africa and elsewhere shows remarkable differences both in its roots and its impact, compared with that of the national independence movements of the early 1960s.
Review article of:
* Chipkin, Ivor (2007), Do South Africans Exist? Nationalism, Democracy and the Identity of the “People”. Johannesburg: Wits University Press, ISBN 1868144453, 261 pages.
* Dorman, Sara, Daniel Hammett, and Paul Nugent (eds.) (2007), Making Nations, Creating Strangers. States and Citizenship in Africa. African Social Studies Series, Leiden: Brill, ISBN 9004157905, 282 pages.
* Simpson, Andrew (ed.) (2008), Language and National Identity in Africa. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199286751, 448 pages
2009-05-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15621/1/MPRA_paper_15621.pdf
Kohnert, Dirk (2009): New Nationalism and Development in Africa: review article. Published in: Africa Spectrum , Vol. 44, No. 1 (15 May 2009): pp. 111-123.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15948
2019-09-29T17:51:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3131
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D48:4831:483131
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513135
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15948/
A Comparison of Demographic, Social and Economic Conditions of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Area Sindh (1988-2000): An Introduction
Herani, Gobind M.
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
J11 - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation ; Agriculture and Environment
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
This is study comparative study of Tharpakar with Barrage area Sindh and introductory chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this chapter background of demographic, social and economic conditions are compared with each other. Purpose of the chapter was to give the complete picture of both areas for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Mostly secondary data from reliable sources was given in this chapter. This study reveals that Thar is good only for livestock raiser and non-crops (Rangeland plantation). When we touch the educational side then we come to know that at the primary level education in barrage area is much better than Tharparkar. In Middle class and up to intermediate level education ratio of Tharparkar is much better than barrage area of Sindh province. At the graduate and postgraduate level barrage area is little higher in ratio than Tharparkar due to low facilities available in Tharparkar. The Minerals of Tharparkar may prove the better than barrage area. At the level of immediate measure for the development of Thar there is need of improvement of Rangeland, farmlands and races of livestock. The future of Thar is livestock with well-managed natural vegetation.
2002-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15948/1/MPRA_paper_15948.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2002): A Comparison of Demographic, Social and Economic Conditions of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Area Sindh (1988-2000): An Introduction. Published in: An Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Area, Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to An Industrial Economy , Vol. Chapte, No. Ph.D Thesis : pp. 1-50.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15950
2019-09-28T20:42:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3139
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3136
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3238
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503237
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15950/
Earlier Research Work on Tharparkar and Sindh Barrage, and Similar Studies Related to Demographic, Social and Economic Conditions
Herani, Gobind M.
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
O19 - International Linkages to Development ; Role of International Organizations
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
J16 - Economics of Gender ; Non-labor Discrimination
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J28 - Safety ; Job Satisfaction ; Related Public Policy
P27 - Performance and Prospects
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
This study is earlier research works done on Tharparkar and Sindh barrage, and similar studies related to demographic, social and economic conditions and chapter-2 as a literature review of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. Purpose of the chapter was to give the complete picture of both areas and at national and international level to support the primary data of the thesis for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the lesson for Tharparkar to get prosperous and better demographically socially and economically. Only secondary data from reliable sources is given in this chapter with complete quotations. This study shows that earlier research work is done in Thar with the help of Government of Sindh, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Save the Children Fund (SCF)-U.K , titled as ” Tharparkar rural Development Project (TRDP) Evaluation 1993”. From, the detailed study of the chapter we conclude that, from Pakistan origin material, we expect more in future. Some active NGOs has also worked for the awareness and welfare of Thar. From the literature of foreign origin material, it is concluded that development of any area depends upon the awareness and leadership of local participation of indigenous people and results are comparatively better. From the study of Baroda project, Somalia, Grameen Bank of Bangladesh and other NGOs' who run the micro credit programs, it is evident that such programs are essential for the alleviation of poverty and lead towards the income generation of the local masses. Every work should be done through local NGOs, because NGO’s works are on the basis of honesty and is demand driven. It is recommended that Local organizations are must for the awareness welfare and development and they must demand facilities from government and donor agencies.
2002-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15950/1/MPRA_paper_15950.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2002): Earlier Research Work on Tharparkar and Sindh Barrage, and Similar Studies Related to Demographic, Social and Economic Conditions. Published in: A comparative study of An Agro-Based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Areas of Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to an Industrial Economy No. Chapter-2. MPRA Paper 12133 : pp. 51-75.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16068
2019-09-29T11:50:49Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16068/
Importance of Agro based Industry of Tharparkar and Barrage Area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is about importance of agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh, and sixth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study importance of agro-based industry is discussed with reference of main topics of the study: Crops, Non-crops, and Livestock in detail. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the importance of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of importance of the study so that valuable findings be drawn and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh to be better economically and socially. It is concluded that the scope of agro-based industry is too high, because of the fact that our country depends on agriculture. All branches of agro based industry are very important because they increase industrial products, provide employment, earn foreign exchange, increase income level and also provide employment to women and provide base for development for backward areas. At the same time reduces pressure of population and migration, distributes the Wealth properly and can be established with small capital. For this little imported inputs are required and no foreign investments or sophisticated technology is needed.
2002-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16068/1/MPRA_paper_16068.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2002): Importance of Agro based Industry of Tharparkar and Barrage Area of Sindh. Published in: A comparative study of An Agro-Based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Areas of Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to an Industrial Economy No. Chapter-6, Ph.D Thesis (MPRA paper)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16069
2019-10-14T16:27:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16069/
Broblems of Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar and Barrge Area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is about problems of agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh, and fifth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study problems faced by agro-based industry are discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the problems of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of problems of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due to the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable; and there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. A barrage area is more developed than Thar. From all these discussions it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income for Thar. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2009-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16069/1/MPRA_paper_16069.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2009): Broblems of Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar and Barrge Area of Sindh. Published in: A comparative study of An Agro-Based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Areas of Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to an Industrial Economy No. Ph.D Thesis Chapter-5. MPRA Paper : pp. 91-98.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16071
2019-09-29T02:44:15Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16071/
Perspective of Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is perspectives of agro-based industry of Tharparkar, and Third chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study perspectives of agro-based industry are discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the importance of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of perspectives of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable, there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. From all these discussion it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2002-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16071/1/MPRA_paper_16071.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2002): Perspective of Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar. Published in: A comparative study of An Agro-Based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Areas of Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to an Industrial Economy No. Ph.D Thesis Chapter-3. MPRA Paper : pp. 76-82.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16072
2019-09-29T22:02:06Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16072/
Perspectives of Agro-based Industry of Barrge Area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is perspective of agro-based industry of Tharparkar, and fourth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study perspective of agro-based industry is discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the perspectives of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of perspectives of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable, there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. From all these discussion it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2009-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16072/1/MPRA_paper_16072.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2009): Perspectives of Agro-based Industry of Barrge Area of Sindh. Published in: A comparative study of An Agro-Based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Areas of Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to an Industrial Economy No. Ph.D Thesis Chapter-4. MPRA Paper : pp. 83-90.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16192
2019-09-26T23:36:41Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16192/
Perspectives of Agro-based Industry of Barrge Area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is perspective of agro-based industry of Tharparkar, and fourth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study perspective of agro-based industry is discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the perspectives of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of perspectives of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable, there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. From all these discussion it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2002-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16192/1/MPRA_paper_16192.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2002): Perspectives of Agro-based Industry of Barrge Area of Sindh. Published in: A comparative study of An Agro-Based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Areas of Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to an Industrial Economy No. Ph.D Thesis Chapter-4. MPRA Paper : pp. 83-90.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16232
2019-09-28T04:52:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3134
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3239
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16232/
Predicting Employment Effects of Job Coaching
McInness, Melayne
Ozturk, Orgul
McDermott, Suzanne
Mann, Joshua
J14 - Economics of the Elderly ; Economics of the Handicapped ; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
J29 - Other
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Providing employment-related services, including supported employment through job coaches, has been a priority in federal policy since the enactment of the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act in 1984. We take advantage of a unique panel data set of all clients served by the SC Department of Disabilities and Special Needs between 1999 and 2005 to investigate whether job coaching leads to stable employment in community settings. The data contain information on individual characteristics, such as IQ and the presence of emotional and behavioral problems, that are likely to affect both employment propensity and likelihood of receiving job coaching. Our results show that unobserved individual characteristics and endogeneity strongly bias naive estimates of the effects of job coaching. However, even after correcting for these biases, an economically and statistically significant treatment effect remains.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16232/1/MPRA_paper_16232.pdf
McInness, Melayne and Ozturk, Orgul and McDermott, Suzanne and Mann, Joshua (2007): Predicting Employment Effects of Job Coaching.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16307
2019-09-30T15:24:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503231
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16307/
Broblems of Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar and Barrge Area of Sindh
Herani, Gobind M.
D18 - Consumer Protection
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
P17 - Performance and Prospects
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
This study is about problems of agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh, and fifth chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this study problems faced by agro-based industry are discussed. Main topics of the study are: Crops, Non-crops, Livestock, Fishing, Poultry and Edible oil. Secondary data from different resources is collected to indicate the problems of agro-based industry. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of problems of the study for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Study reveals that Thar depends on livestock and not corps People of Thar are poor and they have strong attachment with in the crops. In spite of uncertainty of rain people like it and take risk. Dairy products are not so income generating due to the fact that milk taken out butter is used for personal nutrition and somewhat for saleable; and there is no market for sale in villages. However poultry farm system does not exist only few people rare it in informal way. A barrage area is more developed than Thar. From all these discussions it is clear that only livestock is main agro-based industry and source of income for Thar. However in future if developed may increase income and alleviate poverty.
2002-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16307/1/MPRA_paper_16307.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2002): Broblems of Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar and Barrge Area of Sindh. Published in: A comparative study of An Agro-Based Industry of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Areas of Sindh (1988-2000) Suggested Techniques Leading to an Industrial Economy No. Ph.D Thesis Chapter-5. MPRA Paper : pp. 91-98.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17308
2019-10-01T18:56:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483232
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D43:4338
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483236
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17308/
The distributional implications of income underreporting in Hungary
Benedek, Dora
Lelkes, Orsolya
H22 - Incidence
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
C8 - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology ; Computer Programs
H26 - Tax Evasion and Avoidance
The paper estimates the distributional implications of income tax evasion in Hungary based on a random sample of administrative tax records of 230 thousand individuals. Gross incomes in the administrative tax records are compared with those in a nationally representative household budget survey, assuming that tax-evaders are more likely to report their true incomes in an anonymous interview. Our estimates show that the average rate of underreporting is 11%, which conceals large differences between self-employed (who hide the majority of their incomes) and employees. The estimates are likely to be lower bound, due to measurement error in the income survey. These rates are then used in EUROMOD, a tax-benefit microsimulation model to calculate the fiscal and distributional implications of underreporting, while taking account of all major direct taxes and cash benefits and also their interactions. Tax evasion reduces fiscal revenues from personal income taxes by about 19%. While the occurrence of poverty is not affected, income inequality becomes significantly higher (the Gini coefficient increases by 7%), suggesting that high earners tend to evade proportionately more. Finally, we find that tax evasion largely reduces the progressivity of the tax system.
2009-09-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17308/1/MPRA_paper_17308.pdf
Benedek, Dora and Lelkes, Orsolya (2009): The distributional implications of income underreporting in Hungary.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17816
2019-09-28T01:00:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493130
7375626A656374733D49:4931
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17816/
Poverty and Health in India: A Comparative Study about Pre-Reform and Post-Reform Periods
sarvalingam, a
sivakumar, marimuthu
I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D60 - General
I10 - General
I1 - Health
In India, Economic Reforms has been explicitly started in 1991. Even with some controversy in the initial period now it intruded in almost all the sectors. At present days economic reforms is mingled with every sphere of economic activities. But the effects of economic reforms are highly debatable.Social sector is an important ingredient for over all development of a country. Development of social sector reveals the standard of living of people as well as the volume and potential of human resource in a country. Hence the analysis of economic reforms and its impact on social sector is imperative.
This paper analysis poverty and health status during pre-reforms and post-reforms periods and compare them to find out that during which period the decrease in poverty and the increase in health status are better. For the analysis of poverty, people living below poverty line and for health status analysis life expectancy at birth and infant mortality are used in this study.
2009-10-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17816/1/MPRA_paper_17816.pdf
sarvalingam, a and sivakumar, marimuthu (2009): Poverty and Health in India: A Comparative Study about Pre-Reform and Post-Reform Periods.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19161
2019-10-21T08:16:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3131
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3130
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19161/
Child Labor at District Level: A Case Study of Rawalpindi
Kulsoom, Rafia
I30 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
J20 - General
J11 - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
J80 - General
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J10 - General
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J0 - General
Child labor is one of the problems that occur as a result of responses to the economic problems faced by vulnerable children. Keeping in view the theoretical background of existence of child labor across the world, the study analyzes the incidence of child labor from Rawalpindi city of Pakistan. It also empirically investigates the household demographics and incidence of child labor. The earning and participation functions were estimated for a sample of 150 children. All the coefficients and overall model was observed to be statistically significant. The major determinant of child labor is poverty. Age of the child has a positive impact on participation decisions: The older the child, the more probable he is to go to work. The ownership of asset has shown a negative impact on participation decisions. The study proposes that several income support measures should be provided to poor households as an instrument for reducing child labor.
2009-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19161/1/MPRA_paper_19161.pdf
Kulsoom, Rafia (2009): Child Labor at District Level: A Case Study of Rawalpindi.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19576
2019-09-28T04:45:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473233
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473335
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473332
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473238
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19576/
Establishment of Micro-Finance Bank, Utilizing NADRA’s Computerized Facilities: Suggestions for BISP, Asian Bank, World Bank and Donors Agencies to Disburse Funds
Herani, Gobind M.
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
G23 - Non-bank Financial Institutions ; Financial Instruments ; Institutional Investors
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
G35 - Payout Policy
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure ; Value of Firms ; Goodwill
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
In this article attempt has been made to analyze the Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) announced by the present regime and donors’ funds disbursement. The main objective of the article is to suggest the best possible transparent way of disbursing funds allocated by the Government as well as donor Agencies. Literature review reveals that there exist some technical problems in the disbursement of funds to the deserving persons, who are badly in need of these funds. Information is collected through informal interviews of various beneficiaries while secondary data for this article is collected for the sole purpose of analyzing the factual position relating to disbursement of funds. The study indicates that at present NADRA and e-SAHULAT could be the best utilized for transparent disbursement of funds as well as deposition of utility bills by re-charging the beneficiaries Accounts in real time. Process control system mostly recharges the deposited transactions on the same day, but input transactions must be processed quickly enough to enable the results to be used as feed back information.
2009-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19576/1/MPRA_paper_19576.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2009): Establishment of Micro-Finance Bank, Utilizing NADRA’s Computerized Facilities: Suggestions for BISP, Asian Bank, World Bank and Donors Agencies to Disburse Funds.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20001
2019-09-29T04:34:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D49:4933
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4835
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20001/
Social Assistance in Developing Countries Database Version 5.0
Barrientos, Armando
Nino-Zarazua, Miguel
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
In this new version of the database we have included pilot social assistance programmes. A number of pilot cash transfer programmes have been introduced in Latin America, Asia and Africa in the last year or so, and a few more are in the design stage. Their scale and rationale suggest there is a good chance they will be scaled up in the near future. In theory, pilot social protection programmes should imply experimentation in the face of uncertainty regarding the way forward, but several of the pilots covered in the database, and many of those in the pipeline, represent instead a specific route to the extension of social protection, and as such they merit discussion. The main purpose of this brief note is to provide such discussion, and illuminate on this specific mode of development of social protection in developing countries.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, there are pilot cash transfers schemes in place in Kenya, Malawi, Ghana and Zambia; and in the implementation stage in Nigeria, Liberia, Uganda, and Tanzania. In Latin America, pilot programmes have been rolled out in Paraguay, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Argentina, and the Dominican Republic. In South Asia, ’s Challenging the Frontiers of Poverty Reduction - Targeting the Ultra Poor programme is in fact a pilot programme, as as is Pakistan’s Child Support programme.
Why the high number of pilots?
In the context of technocratic models of policy making, pilot programmes would make a great deal of sense if policy makers are uncertain of the feasibility and likely impact effectiveness of interventions. Before introducing innovative, complex, and costly interventions, sensible policy makers would recommend testing the interventions in a small scale experiment. Knowledge from the delivery and impact of the interventions could then inform the desirability and design of a scaled up programme. There is a sense in which the social protection pilot programmes referred to above, and described in the database, do not fit fully into this description.
We have accumulated a large body of evidence and knowledge about the design, delivery, and impact of cash transfer schemes in Latin America to be reasonably confident that, adequately designed, they can achieve their short term objectives. Why is further testing necessary?
The strongest available evidence on cash transfer programmes comes from middle income countries in Latin America, Mexico’s Progresa/Oportunidades, and to a lesser extent Brazil’s Bolsa Escola/Familia. Naturally, questions remain over whether similar programmes can work in other environments. Would cash transfer schemes work in Africa? Would they work in low income countries in Latin America? Low income countries have higher incidence of poverty; lower capacity in terms of designing, delivering, and evaluating transfers schemes; and less developed administrative and financial systems. It makes sense to check whether cash transfers are appropriate and effective in these, more adverse, environments. Even then, fewer pilots would still deliver answers to our questions. We know from the Zambia Kalomo Social Transfer Pilot Scheme that cash transfers are feasible and effective in low income countries, providing that technical support is available and community selection of beneficiaries is feasible.
The spread of pilot social assistance schemes is also explained by domestic policy processes and funding modalities. In countries where policy makers, and perhaps civil society, are reluctant to innovate, pilots provide an opportunity to enable learning from new approaches to poverty and vulnerability. It also provides a well defined time frame in which donors could use existing funding modalities to support the extension of social protection. DFID, for example, is committed to shifting focus from emergency aid to regular forms of support in Africa. In Latin America, IADB support for social protection initiatives normally extends for periods of up to five years. Given the time frame of available international aid , the expectations are that pilot schemes could be instrumental in building learning and support for social protection among domestic policy makers, that they would have strong ‘demonstration effects’.
Risks and opportunities
There are significant risks with this strategy, and even more significant opportunities. The risks are to do with pilots failing to generate the expected ‘demonstration effects’, and with changes in international economic conditions that shift attention to other problems. The opportunities could potentially be very significant, successful pilot transfer schemes could mark the beginnings of a process leading to the implementation of effective anti-poverty programmes at a scale capable of making a large dent on global poverty.
Paying attention to the design of pilots and to associated policy processes could help minimise these risks and maximise opportunities. Designing pilot social assistance programmes as if they are a first phase of a fully scaled up programme is essential. This involves avoiding short cuts in the pilot stage, and making the necessary investment in information systems, delivery institutions, and beneficiary selection. These set up costs can be substantial. Process considerations are important in ensuring the pilots are part of national social protection strategies, and involve a wide range of stakeholders. It is vitally important that pilots achieve a good balance of design and process considerations. As much else in development policy, pilot social transfers are as much about politics as they are about the economic and technical issues of poverty reduction.
2010-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20001/1/MPRA_paper_20001.pdf
Barrientos, Armando and Nino-Zarazua, Miguel (2010): Social Assistance in Developing Countries Database Version 5.0. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20296
2019-10-04T12:46:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473233
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473335
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473332
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473238
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20296/
Establishment of Micro-Finance Bank, Utilizing NADRA’s Computerized Facilities: Suggestions for BISP, Asian Bank, World Bank and Donors Agencies to Disburse Funds
Herani, Gobind M.
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
G23 - Non-bank Financial Institutions ; Financial Instruments ; Institutional Investors
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
G35 - Payout Policy
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure ; Value of Firms ; Goodwill
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
In this article attempt has been made to analyze the Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) announced by the present regime and donors’ funds disbursement. The main objective of the article is to suggest the best possible transparent way of disbursing funds allocated by the Government as well as donor Agencies. Literature review reveals that there exist some technical problems in the disbursement of funds to the deserving persons, who are badly in need of these funds. Information is collected through informal interviews of various beneficiaries while secondary data for this article is collected for the sole purpose of analyzing the factual position relating to disbursement of funds. The study indicates that at present NADRA and e-SAHULAT could be the best utilized for transparent disbursement of funds as well as deposition of utility bills by re-charging the beneficiaries Accounts in real time. Process control system mostly recharges the deposited transactions on the same day, but input transactions must be processed quickly enough to enable the results to be used as feed back information .
2009-12-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20296/1/MPRA_paper_20296.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2009): Establishment of Micro-Finance Bank, Utilizing NADRA’s Computerized Facilities: Suggestions for BISP, Asian Bank, World Bank and Donors Agencies to Disburse Funds. Published in: KASBIT Business Journal , Vol. 2, No. 1 (31 December 2009): pp. 95-104.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20687
2019-10-24T18:46:13Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20863
2019-09-28T13:44:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493339
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3136
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20863/
Nicaragua: el desafío pendiente de superación de la pobreza
Gallardo, Mauricio
I39 - Other
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
O16 - Financial Markets ; Saving and Capital Investment ; Corporate Finance and Governance
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
This paper discusses why Nicaragua is today one of the poorest countries in the region of Latin America and the Caribbean. Lack of sustained economic growth is viewed as the main cause of poverty in the country. The effects of political conflicts on the breaks of the long term growth path are analized and it is warned about the risk of a new disruption in the economic development of the country due to the absence of a political consensus as a nation.
2010-02-16
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20863/1/MPRA_paper_20863.pdf
Gallardo, Mauricio (2010): Nicaragua: el desafío pendiente de superación de la pobreza.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20878
2019-10-01T03:21:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483433
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433331
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20878/
Program evaluation of agricultural input subsidies in Malawi using treatment effects: Methods and practicability based on propensity scores
Chirwa, Themba G.
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
H43 - Project Evaluation ; Social Discount Rate
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
C31 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models ; Quantile Regressions ; Social Interaction Models
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
Several evaluations have been conducted to assess the impact of agricultural input subsidies in Malawi but have been mostly either descriptive or qualitatively inferred of the intervention impacts on the overall goal of the subsidy program. In most studies cited in this paper their approaches do not control for misspecification errors that might arise due to selection bias. One common erroneous approach is the lack of controlling for treatment effects. In this study we employ quasi-experimental econometric techniques using propensity scores to control for selection bias by creating control groups for those individuals that benefit from agricultural input subsidies. The study utilizes raw household data from two surveys conducted through the Malawi National Statistical Office in 2004/05 and 2006/07 production seasons. A household model for each dataset is estimated together with Average Treatment Effects on the Treated to assess the impact of targeted fertilizer input subsidies in 2004/05 and a refined program adopted in 2006/07 production periods. The evidence suggest that the starter pack or targeted input program implemented before 2004/05 focusing on one tenth of a hectare had a significant negative impact on household food expenditures compared to the refined program in 2006/07 that targeted about half a hectare for marginalized smallholder farmers. The latter, though portraying mostly insignificant results, showed positive impacts on household food expenditures. The approach adopted also proposes ways in which policy makers can effectively and independently evaluate the impact of public programs on social and economic welfare.
2010-02-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20878/1/MPRA_paper_20878.pdf
Chirwa, Themba G. (2010): Program evaluation of agricultural input subsidies in Malawi using treatment effects: Methods and practicability based on propensity scores.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20999
2019-09-27T08:55:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433531
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3635
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3131
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433738
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443738
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3333
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443033
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433133
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433031
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443333
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453031
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3532
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493231
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20999/
Die Arbeitslosenversicherung in Deutschland – Beitrag zur Bekämpfung oder Ursache von Arbeitslosigkeit
Breiding, Torsten
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
J38 - Public Policy
J65 - Unemployment Insurance ; Severance Pay ; Plant Closings
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
J30 - General
J11 - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
C78 - Bargaining Theory ; Matching Theory
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J00 - General
D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
J68 - Public Policy
J33 - Compensation Packages ; Payment Methods
J0 - General
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
D03 - Behavioral Microeconomics: Underlying Principles
C13 - Estimation: General
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
C01 - Econometrics
D33 - Factor Income Distribution
E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth ; Environmental Accounts
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
H31 - Household
J52 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation ; Collective Bargaining
J01 - Labor Economics: General
I21 - Analysis of Education
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
J51 - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
J3 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
Abstract German (English abstract is added below)
Arbeitslosigkeit gilt als eines der schwerwiegendsten gesellschaftlichen Probleme unserer Zeit. Doch welche Gründe liegen, trotz der über die Jahre eingeleiteten Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit, für die anhaltende Beschäftigungskrise vor? Und in welchem Umfang hat das deutsche Sozial- und Wohlfahrtssystem zu der anhaltenden Misere beigetragen?
Insbesondere der Arbeitslosenversicherung wird vorgeworfen, einer der Hauptverursacher der Probleme auf dem Arbeitsmarkt zu sein. Um Deutschland wettbewerbsfähig zu halten, versuchen die politischen Gruppierungen durch Reformen das Land im globalen Umfeld zu positionieren und so optimale Lebens- wie Investitionsbedingungen zu schaffen. Doch wie effizient sind diese Reformen und wie wirken sie auf den Arbeitsmarkt? Welche Rolle spielen dabei die Reformen der Arbeitslosenversicherung und wie wirken sich diese aus?
Dass eine Arbeitslosenversicherung in einem Wirtschaftssystem wünschenswert und auch notwendig ist, lässt sich mit dem Argument der sozialen Sicherheit begründen. Allerdings muss die Aufgabe einer Arbeitslosenversicherung die soziale Absicherung im Falle einer möglichen, temporären Arbeitslosigkeit sein. Der Betroffene ist für die Dauer der Suche nach einer neuen Arbeit, die bestmöglich der Qualifikation des Einzelnen entspricht, finanziell abgesichert. Ein Absinken unter die Armutsgrenze wird verhindert. Die Steuerung des Arbeitsangebotsverhaltens des Einzelnen ist jedoch ein Nebeneffekt der Arbeitslosenversicherung, den es zu untersuchen gilt. Das die Arbeitslosenversicherung Einfluss auf das Arbeitsangebotsverhalten der Arbeitnehmer hat und welche weiteren Effekte aus der im Sozialsystem eingebetteten Arbeitslosenversicherung entstehen, soll diese Arbeit zeigen.
Zur Strukturierung der genannten Fragen nimmt diese Arbeit eine Dreiteilung vor. Analysen der wirtschaftlichen Situation Deutschlands und die Identifikation von Problemgruppen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt sollen die Wirkungen der Arbeitslosenversicherung kausal darstellen. Konjunkturbedingte Veränderungen von Arbeitslosenzahlen sollen weitestgehend als exogene Größe betrachtet werden und nicht in die Bewertung der Arbeitslosenversicherung einfließen. Durch die Parallelität der Ereignisse lassen sich die tatsächlichen Auswirkungen arbeitsmarktpolitischer Maßnahmen jedoch oft schwer selektieren. Um Effekte zuordnen zu können, wird ein historischer Abriss der Entwicklung des Systems der Arbeitslosenversicherung gegeben. Ein internationaler Vergleich dient der Standortbestimmung des deutschen Systems.
Der zweite Teil der Arbeit befasst sich mit den Einflüssen der Arbeitslosenversicherung in verschiedenen Modellansätzen. Durch die Betrachtung der prognostizierten Effekte wird ein Abgleich der Theorie mit der Praxis erfolgen. Sowohl die Anreizwirkungen auf individueller Ebene im Arbeitsangebots- und Suchverhalten werden modelltheoretisch aufgezeigt, als auch der Einfluss auf das Kalkül im optimalen Verhalten von Gruppen und Kollektiven. Der Abgleich der Modelle mit der Empirie zeigt verschiedene Anreizverzerrungen der Arbeitslosenversicherung. Auffallend ist, dass insbesondere die Bezugsdauer der Unterstützung Einfluss auf den Zugang in, den Abgang aus und die daraus resultierende Dauer der Arbeitslosigkeit hat. Die vom Alt-Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schröder einstmals angestoßene Diskussion um die Mitnahme-Mentalität der Deutschen findet im Sozialsystem Argumente und Fundierung.
Die Implikationen der Hartz-Reformen sind vielfältig. Die positiven Aspekte werden im dritten Teil aufgezeigt und mögliche Verbesserungen vorgeschlagen. Trotz der Forderung nach mehr Eigenverantwortung der Transfer-Bezieher und weitreichenden Änderungen zur Verschlankung des administrativen Aufwandes ist der Erfolg des Hartz-Konzeptes zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt noch nicht bewertbar. Besonders kritisch sind die Lohnabstände bei Geringverdienern, wodurch zielgerichtete Nachbesserungen zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit notwendig scheinen. Dazu werden Vorschläge zu Reformen der Arbeitslosenversicherung diskutiert. Ziel der Reformen sollte eine zeitgemäße Anpassung der Arbeitslosenversicherung an gesamtwirtschaftliche Entwicklungen sein.
This work analyzes the effects of the German unemployment insurance system on the unemployment rate and the individual job-seeking behavior. The duration of the unemployment benefits affects the time spend in unemployment. Another effect is the span between available jobs and the level of the payments. At the same time, a longer duration of unemployment benefits protects the individual of social catastrophies and provied the job seeker with adequate time to find the job that fits best. The GDP can be higher in a society with social security systems compared to other economies by providing each individual the perfect job. Finally, each individual has a higher productivity by a better usage of skills.
facts:
- the history of the German unemployment system
- the effects of the economical cycle on the unemployment rate
- a comparison of the German unemployment system compared to other countries
- the effects of the span between the high level of unemployment benefit payments compared to the wage earned in available jobs
- labour supply and matching
- a theoretical approach to analyze the effects of the German unemployment insurance
- the reality in Germany compared to the theory
- an evaluation of the German system
- reform proposition
2006-09-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20999/1/MPRA_paper_20999.pdf
Breiding, Torsten (2006): Die Arbeitslosenversicherung in Deutschland – Beitrag zur Bekämpfung oder Ursache von Arbeitslosigkeit.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21236
2019-09-28T04:30:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483433
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433331
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21236/
Program evaluation of agricultural input subsidies in Malawi using treatment effects: methods and practicability based on propensity scores
Chirwa, Themba G.
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
H43 - Project Evaluation ; Social Discount Rate
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
C31 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models ; Quantile Regressions ; Social Interaction Models
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
The study evaluates the impact of two agricultural input subsidies in Malawi during the 2003/04 and 2006/07 production periods on household income. The study employs quasi-experimental econometric techniques that use propensity score matching to control for selection bias on beneficiaries. A household model for each dataset is estimated together with Average Treatment Effects on the Treated. The evidence suggest that the matching mechanism performs well in evaluating the impact of the starter pack program which had a significant negative impact on household income compared to the refined agricultural input subsidy program which showed significant positive impacts on household income.
2010-02-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21236/1/MPRA_paper_21236.pdf
Chirwa, Themba G. (2010): Program evaluation of agricultural input subsidies in Malawi using treatment effects: methods and practicability based on propensity scores.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21281
2019-09-30T16:37:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443532
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21281/
Health Insurance, the Social Welfare System and Household Saving
Hsu, Minchung
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D52 - Incomplete Markets
E21 - Consumption ; Saving ; Wealth
This paper studies the factors that can generate the puzzling saving phenomenon
in the US: 1) Starr-McCluer (1996) finds that households covered by private health
insurance save more than comparable households without coverage, even when
controlling for other variables. 2) The asset holding ratio of the insured to the uninsured
decreases with increased income level. This paper suggests that institutional
factors, in particular, a means-tested social welfare system and an employmentbased
health insurance system, can account for the phenomenon. I develop a dynamic
equilibrium model, and show that the model economy presents the same saving
pattern as in the US and that the empirical finding as in Starr-McCluer (1996)
is replicated. Implications for empirical approaches to testing the precautionary
saving hypothesis are also provided.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21281/1/MPRA_paper_21281.pdf
Hsu, Minchung (2008): Health Insurance, the Social Welfare System and Household Saving.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22521
2019-09-29T08:56:36Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463430
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443634
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22521/
Sustainable Heterogeneity: Inequality, Growth, and Social Welfare in a Heterogeneous Population
Harashima, Taiji
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
I30 - General
F40 - General
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
D64 - Altruism ; Philanthropy
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
E20 - General
This paper studies social welfare in a heterogeneous population under the criteria of efficiency and sustainable heterogeneity. As is well known, heterogeneity in time preference results in substantial inequality. This paper shows that, even if households have heterogeneous preferences, there is a balanced growth path on which all the optimality conditions of all heterogeneous households are equally and indefinitely satisfied, and heterogeneity is sustainable on this path. The existence of a unique sustainable path will shed new light on social welfare issues, but this path cannot necessarily be naturally obtained by relying only on markets. Sustainable heterogeneity is politically fragile and requires rational―not unconditional―sacrifice and altruism, and interventions by the authority are justified. Sustainable heterogeneity indicates that globalization should be accompanied by measures that support developing countries and that a GDP modified for measures of sustainable heterogeneity may more correctly measure people’s “happiness.” However, it also indicates that inequality is necessary for sustainability and a unique sustainable level of inequality exists.
2010-05-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22521/1/MPRA_paper_22521.pdf
Harashima, Taiji (2010): Sustainable Heterogeneity: Inequality, Growth, and Social Welfare in a Heterogeneous Population.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22675
2019-10-05T09:22:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483531
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493138
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22675/
A Life Insurance Deterrent to Risky Behavior in Africa
de Araujo, Pedro
Murray, James
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
I18 - Government Policy ; Regulation ; Public Health
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
The spread of HIV and AIDS and risky sexual behavior continues to be a problem in Sub-Saharan African countries despite government measures to educate people on the risk and severity of the disease and measures to promote safe sex practices such as making condoms readily available at reduced or no cost. We examine whether people decide to engage in risky sexual behavior due to low income and low life expectancy. Sub-Saharan Africa is characterized by conditions that significantly reduce life expectancy such as unsanitary conditions prevalent in poverty stricken areas, inaccessibility to health care, and dangerous working conditions such as those in very poor mining regions. Moreover, since income per capita in these countries is very low, the opportunity cost associated with dying from AIDS and foregoing future consumption is very low. We examine how a government provided life insurance benefit may be an effective means of deterring risky sexual behavior. To evaluate this policy prescription we develop a life-cycle model with personal and family consumption and endogenous probability of survival. In the model, agents can receive life insurance benefits if their death is not the result of AIDS. We demonstrate that excessive risky behavior does result from low life expectancy and low levels of income and illustrate the conditions for which the life insurance benefit can replicate the effects of higher income and life expectancy, deterring risky sexual behavior and reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS.
2010-05-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22675/1/MPRA_paper_22675.pdf
de Araujo, Pedro and Murray, James (2010): A Life Insurance Deterrent to Risky Behavior in Africa.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22885
2019-09-26T15:47:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4835
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483330
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22885/
Role of Economic Policies in Achieving MDGs in the Asia-Pacific Region: Challenges, Gaps and Area of Interventions
Nagapudi R, Bhanumurthy
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
H30 - General
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
This paper tries to examine the role of various economic policy measures that are unveiled in the Asia Pacific region to achieve the MDGs. In do so, in the first stage, the paper tries to bring out the extent of achievement of MDGs in the region. Further, it attempts to fix the bench marks for each macro policy variable in relation to MDG achievement. In the second stage, it undertakes the gap analysis to see the extent of distance between ‘on-track’ and ‘off-track’ countries and emphasis prioritisation of policies in the region. The study concludes that Asia Pacific as a whole are close to the bench mark countries in terms of fiscal and trade policies. But there is a lot more that needs to be done in the financial and stabilisation policies. Further, the study concludes that there is a need to emphasis more on the financial and macroeconomic reforms that helps in domestic resource mobilisation and also in the growth process that are necessary for achieving development goals in time.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22885/1/MPRA_paper_22885.pdf
Nagapudi R, Bhanumurthy (2007): Role of Economic Policies in Achieving MDGs in the Asia-Pacific Region: Challenges, Gaps and Area of Interventions.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22972
2019-09-28T13:49:15Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443532
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443835
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22972/
Social Capital in the Presence of Market Failures
Lopez-Rodriguez, Patricia
De la Torre Garcia, Rodolfo
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
D52 - Incomplete Markets
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory
In Mexico, social capital is used to get resources. People who do not have access to formal markets use their networks to acquire public and financing services, social insurance and social benefits. To test this, social capital indicators were built using the resources supplied by people as a proportion of their income. This measure is theoretically related to a sympathy coefficient that represents the degree to which a person joins another´s welfare in its utility function, leading him to share resources with others. Synthetic panels with population cohorts were elaborated to follow population throughout the time. To correct a spurious regression problem, the cointegration-panel method was used. As a result, variables that reflect failures in financial, health and social insurance markets are associated to bonding and bridging social capital indicators. Thus, adjustments in these markets could be explained by social capital variables additionally to market prices mechanisms.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22972/1/MPRA_paper_22972.pdf
Lopez-Rodriguez, Patricia and De la Torre Garcia, Rodolfo (2010): Social Capital in the Presence of Market Failures. Published in: International Journal of Social Inquiry , Vol. Volume, No. especial issue of social capital (2010): pp. 163-188.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23192
2019-09-26T09:05:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23192/
Islamic Social Welfare and the Role of Zakah in the Family System
Ahmad Bello, Dogarawa
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Preferment in society was exposed to the two extreme of negligence and excessiveness. Relations in Capitalism are based on monopoly, resulting in an unequal wealth distribution. In Socialism and Communism, relations are based on materialistic equality to diminish the conflicts arising from unequal wealth distribution. Islam stands in the middle course. Islam stands in the middle course. For over fourteen hundred years, the economic system of Islam, in accordance with its policies, stood firm and was instrumental in evolving a society which was neither capitalistic nor socialistic but which combined all the good features of the two. It advocates the system of wealth distribution with a view to realising a society in which there will be no accumulation of wealth in a few hands, no hoarding and no profiteering; a society in which there will be neither slums nor multi-millionaires, neither the exploited proletariat nor the exploiting bourgeoisie. This paper exposes Islamic social welfare and the socio-economic role of Zakah in the family system and its effectiveness in combating poverty and social menace in the society. The paper is analytical with presentation based on survey of relevant literature. The paper confirms that the Zakah system provides a permanent mechanism from within the economy, to continuously transfer income from the rich to the poor and that once correctly assessed, promptly collected and properly disbursed, it plays the role of solving dangerous problems such as poverty, unemployment, catastrophes, indebtedness, and inequitable income distribution in a Muslim society. The paper recommends that Muslims rich should be encouraged to discharge their obligations either through organised systems (where available) or individually. When paying their dues personally, they should be encouraged to start with the Zakah deserving members of their immediate families.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23192/1/MPRA_paper_23192.pdf
Ahmad Bello, Dogarawa (2008): Islamic Social Welfare and the Role of Zakah in the Family System.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23239
2019-09-28T04:43:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513134
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23239/
Group Lending Scheme operating through Primary Agricultural Credit Society: A Critical Assessment
Amit, Kundu
Suranjana, Mitra
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Q14 - Agricultural Finance
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
The basic objective of the paper is to identify the effectiveness of group lending based microfinance programme operating through Primary Agricultural Credit Society to improve the economic condition among the rural participants in two blocks of Hooghly district in West Bengal. Here to do the impact study we have considered both Difference-in-Difference and First Difference Method with the help of longitudinal data and it is applied to minimize the possibility of selection bias during the time of drawing samples. It came out from field survey that very few marginal farmers had taken credit from their respective groups for agricultural purposes. Results reveal that there has been no significant impact of microfinance programme in terms of improvement of the outcome variables among the member households in spite of low interest rate charged on loans, high repayment rate within groups and small size of self-help groups. The reasons responsible are lack of skill-based training programmes for the members of groups and lack of marketing facilities to promote and sell the products produced by the members of self-help groups. The only positive aspect is the members can now protect themselves from the crunches of professional money lenders who charged exorbitant interest rates
2010-04-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23239/1/MPRA_paper_23239.pdf
Amit, Kundu and Suranjana, Mitra (2010): Group Lending Scheme operating through Primary Agricultural Credit Society: A Critical Assessment. Published in: The IUP Journal of Managerical Economics , Vol. Vol.3, No. August, 2010
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23402
2019-10-02T16:44:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23402/
The Net Impact of the Female Secondary School Stipend Program in Bangladesh
Fuwa, Nobuhiko
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
J16 - Economics of Gender ; Non-labor Discrimination
This paper examines the impact of the secondary school stipend program for female students on student enrolment in Bangladesh. After a brief description of the stipend program, we examine both nationwide and project-level data on student enrolment. While the former data show little identifiable impact of the stipend program, the project-level data show significant positive impact of the program. We find that, on average, the stipend program increased female student enrolment by 2% above the prevailing trend rate of increase while the program had significantly negative impact on male enrolment. Thus the program had a major effect in closing the gender gap, thereby accelerating the trend that had already existed in
Bangladesh before the stipend program was introduced in 1994.
2001
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23402/1/MPRA_paper_23402.pdf
Fuwa, Nobuhiko (2001): The Net Impact of the Female Secondary School Stipend Program in Bangladesh.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23520
2019-09-26T12:10:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3330
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483735
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483833
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413231
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23520/
Quality education through Child-Friendly Schools: resource allocation for the protection of children’s rights
Orkodashvili, Mariam
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
N30 - General, International, or Comparative
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
H75 - State and Local Government: Health ; Education ; Welfare ; Public Pensions
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
H83 - Public Administration ; Public Sector Accounting and Audits
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
A21 - Pre-college
A14 - Sociology of Economics
The paper discusses the idea and purpose of Child-Friendly Schools (CFSs) initiated by the UNICEF. It analyses the implications of CFSs in terms of improving children’s health and nutrition, promoting gender equality, protecting children’s rights, re-defining education quality and creating positive psycho-emotional environment at schools.
Experience is now showing that a framework of rights-based, child-friendly schools can be a powerful tool for both helping to fulfill the rights of children and providing them an education of good quality. At the national level, for ministries, development agencies, and civil society organizations, the framework can be used as a normative goal for policies and programmes leading to child-friendly systems and environments, as a focus for collaborative programming leading to greater resource allocations for education, and as a component of staff training. At the community level, for school staff, parents, and other community members, the framework can serve as both a goal and a tool of quality improvement through localized self-assessment, planning, and management and as a means for mobilizing the community around education and child rights.
2010-06-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23520/1/MPRA_paper_23520.pdf
Orkodashvili, Mariam (2010): Quality education through Child-Friendly Schools: resource allocation for the protection of children’s rights.
en
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