2024-03-29T14:14:21Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1812
2019-09-26T18:41:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3633
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1812/
Enemy of Labour? Analysing the Employment Effects of Mergers and Acquisitions
Lehto, Eero
Böckerman, Petri
J60 - General
J63 - Turnover ; Vacancies ; Layoffs
This paper analyses the employment effects of mergers and acquisitions by using matched establishment-level data from Finland over the period of 1989-2003. The data covers all sectors. We compare the employment effects of cross-border M&As with the effects arising from two different types of domestic M&As and internal restructurings. The results reveal that cross-border M&As lead to downsizing in manufacturing employment. The effects of cross-border M&As on employment in non-manufacturing are much weaker. Changes in ownership associated with domestic M&As and internal restructurings also typically cause employment losses, but these is interesting sectoral variation.
2006-10-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1812/1/MPRA_paper_1812.pdf
Lehto, Eero and Böckerman, Petri (2006): Enemy of Labour? Analysing the Employment Effects of Mergers and Acquisitions.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2991
2019-09-29T00:38:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3635
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2991/
The Approach to Seasonal Unemployment in the Nordic Countries: A Comparison with Canada
Grady, Patrick
Kapsalis, Constantine
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J60 - General
J65 - Unemployment Insurance ; Severance Pay ; Plant Closings
J01 - Labor Economics: General
This paper compares policies with respect to seasonal unemployment in the five Nordic countries with Canada. A key finding of this study is that unlike Canada Nordic countries do notspecifically address seasonal employment. Another was that in spite of the weather fluctuations in seasonal unemployment were much less pronounced than in Canada. This paper reviews the labour market policies in the Nordic countries that contributed to lower levels of seasonal unemployment.
2002-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2991/1/MPRA_paper_2991.pdf
Grady, Patrick and Kapsalis, Constantine (2002): The Approach to Seasonal Unemployment in the Nordic Countries: A Comparison with Canada. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3624
2019-09-30T16:28:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3624/
Over-education for the rich, under-education for the poor: a search-theoretic microfoundation
Charlot, Olivier
Decreuse, Bruno
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
J60 - General
I20 - General
This paper studies the efficiency of educational choices in a two sector/two
schooling level matching model of the labour market where a continuum of heterogenous
workers allocates itself between sectors depending on their decision to
invest in education. Individuals differ in ability and schooling cost, the search market
is segmented by education, and there is free entry of new firms in each sector.
Self-selection in education originates composition effects in the distribution of skills
across sectors. This in turn modifies the intensity of job creation, implying the
private and social returns to schooling always differ. Provided that ability and
schooling cost are not too positively correlated, agents with large schooling costs —
the ‘poor’ — select themselves too much, while there is too little self-selection among
the low schooling cost individuals — the ‘rich’. We also show that education should
be more taxed than subsidized when the Hosios condition holds.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3624/1/MPRA_paper_3624.pdf
Charlot, Olivier and Decreuse, Bruno (2006): Over-education for the rich, under-education for the poor: a search-theoretic microfoundation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3631
2019-09-27T08:27:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453235
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3631/
Higher education, employers’ monopsony power and the labour share in OECD countries
Daudey, Emilie
Decreuse, Bruno
J60 - General
E25 - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution
I20 - General
This paper examines the impact of higher education on the labour share. It is based on the following idea: as education offers adaptability skills, it should reduce employers’ monopsony power and, therefore, increase the labour share. This idea is developed in a two-sector model with search unemployment and wage competition between employers to attract/keep workers. Using panel data for eleven OECD countries, we show that the proportion of higher educated in the population has a significant positive effect on the labour share: typically, an increase of one standard deviation in higher education induces a three point increase in the labour share. The other determinants of the
labour share are compatible with the theoretical model. They include the capital-output ratio (-), minimum to median wage ratio (+), union density (+). We also find that the unemployment rate has a negative and significant impact on the labour share, which, together with the positive impact of higher education, is incompatible with a three-factor model where factors are paid their marginal products.
2006-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3631/1/MPRA_paper_3631.pdf
Daudey, Emilie and Decreuse, Bruno (2006): Higher education, employers’ monopsony power and the labour share in OECD countries.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3700
2019-09-28T17:39:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3635
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3700/
Identifying and measuring the economic effects of unfair dismissal laws
Harding, Don
J60 - General
J65 - Unemployment Insurance ; Severance Pay ; Plant Closings
Theory cannot provide an unambiguous prediction regarding the economic effects of employment protection laws. Such laws confer benefits on employees and shift the labour supply curve to the right. But they also impose costs on business and therefore shift the labour demand curve to the left. The net effect on employment is ambiguous and depends on the magnitudes of the costs and benefits as well as the elasticities of labour supply and labour demand. The net effect on welfare is also ambiguous. However, since many businesses did not provide protection against unfair dismissal in the 1990s one can argue that that indicates that the costs exceed the benefits and thus the unfair dismissal laws introduced in 1993 reduced employment and welfare.
Reduced form models that use employment or unemployment as the dependent variable are useless for identifying and measuring the economic effects of unfair dismissal laws. Structural models or survey based evidence is required to answer these questions.
Evidence from a survey of 1800 businesses establishes that unfair dismissal laws impose significant costs on businesses and cause them to make major changes to the way in which they hire and fire workers. An estimated lower bound on these costs is $296 per full time employee. This is a lower bound in part because some business said unfair dismissal laws raised their costs but were unable to quantify by how much. Also, the opportunity cost in terms of lost productivity of continuing to employ those workers whose performance is unsatisfactory is excluded from the calculation above.
Evidence from the 1990 and 1995 AWIRS survey shows that dismissal rates for cause declined from 4.4 per cent to 2.1 per cent and may have declined even further in the past decade. This suggests that the lost productivity from retaining unsatisfactory employees is likely to be high.
The AWIRS data shows that in 1990 small and medium sized businesses were more likely than larger business to dismiss employees for cause. The 1995 AWIRS survey shows that small and medium sized businesses made much larger adjustments to their firing practices and thus shouldered more of the burden of these laws.
Discussion of unfair dismissal laws has ignored the fact that these laws increase the risk born by businesses. Small business is unable to pool this risk and so it poses a much greater cost for such businesses. This feature may also explain why small businesses reported that they spent more on complying with and reducing their exposure to unfair dismissal laws.
These considerations suggest that the Government's policy of exempting businesses with fewer than 100 employees from the unfair dismissal laws will most likely not cause major resource allocation costs. But a better policy would be abolish the unfair dismissal laws.
Using a labour demand elasticity of 0.7 percent I estimate that the existing unfair dismissal laws reduce employment by at least 0.46 per cent (about 46,000 employees).
Freyens and Oslington question my findings. There are two mistakes in their paper that account for their position. First they underestimate by a factor of 10 the probability that a worker is dismissed for cause. Second, they exclude the costs incurred by business in avoiding exposure to the law and focus only on the cost of complying with the law. Both their paper and my paper can be criticised for underestimating costs because we exclude the foregone productivity that arises where businesses retain some employees whose performance is unsatisfactory and who would have been dismissed under an employ-at-will regime.
2005-12-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3700/1/MPRA_paper_3700.pdf
Harding, Don (2005): Identifying and measuring the economic effects of unfair dismissal laws.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3721
2019-09-26T12:00:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3721/
Adaptabilité et complexité: les choix éducatifs et technologiques sont-ils efficaces?
Decreuse, Bruno
Granier, Pierre
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
I20 - General
J60 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
European labour markets have known three major changes over the past three decades : the complexification of the technological environment, the growth of general education across the workforce, and rising unemployment. Taken together, do these facts reflect the inefficiency of schooling and technological decisions ? Our answer takes place in a matching model of unemployment in which firms choose technological complexity, and workers educate to improve their adaptability. We show economic policy should focus on the labour market and the education system rather than on firms’ technological choices.
2004-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3721/1/MPRA_paper_3721.pdf
Decreuse, Bruno and Granier, Pierre (2004): Adaptabilité et complexité: les choix éducatifs et technologiques sont-ils efficaces?
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4726
2019-09-26T15:24:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433633
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4726/
Labor market policy evaluation with an agent-based model
Neugart, Michael
J60 - General
C63 - Computational Techniques ; Simulation Modeling
J68 - Public Policy
I develop an agent-based computational economics (ACE) model with which I evaluate the aggregate impact of labor market policies. The findings are that government-financed training measures increase the outflow rate from unemployment to employment. Although the overall effect is positive this effect is achieved by reducing the outflow rate for those who do not receive subsidies. Furthermore, the outflow rate would have been downward-biased had one supposed a matching function that is exogenous to policies.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4726/1/MPRA_paper_4726.pdf
Neugart, Michael (2006): Labor market policy evaluation with an agent-based model.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5096
2019-09-27T15:09:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5096/
The working poor: a comparative analysis
Gundogan, Naci
Bicerli, Mustafa Kemal
Aydin, Ufuk
J60 - General
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
Recently, there is growing debate in developed countries on the issue of the working poor. Poverty is a phenomenon traditionally associated with economically inactive persons such as the homeless, the unemployed or the handicapped. The changing of work patterns and a growing polarisation in the labour market between low or unskilled work and high-skilled work have created new poverty risks amongst the employed population. As a result of this trend, the concept of the ‘working poor’, which gained ground in the United States in the 1970s, has become increasingly applicable to labour market realities in the world. Today, there are around 550 million person who can be classified as the working poor in the world. In other words, one in every five persons in labour force belongs to a poor household. While the problem of working poverty is broadly discussed in the USA, a limited number of studies exist on this issue in the EU and in Turkey. In this paper, this reality will be emphasized and the situation in the USA, in the EU and in Turkey will be compared.
2005-06-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5096/1/MPRA_paper_5096.pdf
Gundogan, Naci and Bicerli, Mustafa Kemal and Aydin, Ufuk (2005): The working poor: a comparative analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6604
2019-10-03T20:35:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483735
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6604/
Study of Instruments and Tools to Anticipate the Effects of Industrial Change - Portuguese report
Moniz, António
Dinis, Marco
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J60 - General
H75 - State and Local Government: Health ; Education ; Welfare ; Public Pensions
H30 - General
J48 - Public Policy
This study was produced for the “Study of Instruments and Tools to anticipate the effects of industrial change on employment, trades and vocational qualifications” and for DG V (Employment) of the European Commission in the late 1994. It started when the previous Portuguese government was still ruling, the main policies were defined, and the available instruments were not used in a minimum extend. The new Government, issued from the 1995 elections, proposed “employment” as a major objective with horizontal responsibility. That’s also why there is now a Ministry for Qualifications and Employment, and another one for Solidarity and Social Affairs, not one for Employment and Social Affairs as the previous Government had. But more than that, this objective is considered to need a coordinated and consistent action that involves external affairs, industrial and regional policies, and the policies on education, training and employment, among others. The promotion of the “quality of employment” is being recently done at the working conditions, remuneration, social protection, occupational promotion levels, and the equality of opportunities towards employment and vocational training levels, and finally, the levels of qualification of human resources for a better labour market, education policy and training policy developments.
In Portugal, the influence of the industrial change is produced in a top-down way; with (in some cases) an ex post analysis process to formulated training needs. This means that the industrial change impact is produced (normally, unexpectedly), and afterwards the responsible at the company level tries to know which training needs should be formulated in order those effects could be the smoother possible. The training needs at the company level is not based on anticipatory studies, neither is done any long term forecast on qualification, or even employment level.
1996-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6604/1/MPRA_paper_6604.pdf
Moniz, António and Dinis, Marco (1996): Study of Instruments and Tools to Anticipate the Effects of Industrial Change - Portuguese report.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9499
2019-09-26T09:47:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3138
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
7375626A656374733D52:5235:523538
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D52:5230
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D43:4336
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D49:4933
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D43:4333
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9499/
Rapid urbanization, employment crisis and poverty in African LDCs:A new development strategy and aid policy
Herrmann, Michael
Khan, Haider
O18 - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis ; Housing ; Infrastructure
A1 - General Economics
O5 - Economywide Country Studies
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
R58 - Regional Development Planning and Policy
O1 - Economic Development
R0 - General
O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights
J0 - General
C6 - Mathematical Methods ; Programming Models ; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
Q1 - Agriculture
O55 - Africa
J60 - General
C3 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models ; Multiple Variables
J3 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
J4 - Particular Labor Markets
O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
Rapid urbanization is a fact of live even in the least developed countries (LDCs) where the lion’s share of the population presently lives in rural areas and will continue to do so for decades to come. At the turn of the millennium 75% of the LDCs’ population still lived in rural areas and 71% of the LDCs’ labor force was involved in agriculture. But even though the largest share of their population lives in rural areas and directly or indirectly derives their livelihoods from agriculture, a rapidly increasing share of the population migrates to urban centers in search for employment opportunities outside agriculture in industrial enterprises or the services sector.
The main purpose of this paper is to examine the causes and consequences -- in particular, the policy implications -- of the ongoing urbanization in the African LDCs. It is found that the employment opportunities in either rural or the urban sector are not growing adequately. This paper attempts to analyze the emerging trends and patterns of urbanization in the African LDCs within a dynamic dual-dual framework with a strong emphasis on rural-urban migration and the informal sectors. The analysis pinpoints, among other things, the need to build up productive capacities in order to create adequate employment and incomes for the rapidly growing population---particularly in the urban areas. The development of productive capacities, which is a precondition for the creation of productive employment opportunities, is a central element of viable poverty reduction strategy for Bangladesh as well. Without significant poverty reduction it is impossible to think of viable urbanization on the basis of sustainable development criteria in this group of very African countries. The donors, especially the OECD/ DAC countries, should provide the necessary financial backing for such a sustainable and equitable development strategy for Africa. It is necessary to reverse the trends in aid, and to provide a much larger share of aid for productive sector development, including the development of rural and urban areas, and the development of agricultural and non-agricultural sectors in line with the perspective of the dual-dual model. Although urban centers mostly host non-agricultural industries, sustainable urbanization also strongly depends on what happens in the agricultural sectors. Productive employment opportunities in rural areas are important in order to combat an unsustainable migration from rural areas to urban centers, and productive employment opportunities in urban centers are essential to absorb the rapidly increasing labor force in the non-agricultural sector.
2008-07-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9499/1/MPRA_paper_9499.pdf
Herrmann, Michael and Khan, Haider (2008): Rapid urbanization, employment crisis and poverty in African LDCs:A new development strategy and aid policy.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10498
2019-09-26T08:13:39Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10498/
The Role of Active Labour Market Programmes in Employment Policy
Hill, John
Halpin, Brendan
J60 - General
J68 - Public Policy
The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the Irish labour market since approximately 1980 with a particular focus on the central role of active labour market programmes in public policy. Active labour market programmes (ALMP) is an umbrella term for all measures aimed at increasing either the supply of or demand for labour. We will outline the theoretical rationale for labour market programmes and discuss their implementation and development in the Irish context. Specifically we will outline the levels of expenditure and throughput on labour market programmes and attempt to place Ireland in a comparative international perspective. Briefly we will examine some of the attempts which have been made to evaluate the effectiveness of labour market programmes in terms of the employment and income outcomes of participants. We will pay particular attention to long-term unemployment which was such a key feature of the Irish labour market throughout the 1980s and 1990s.
2008-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10498/1/MPRA_paper_10498.pdf
Hill, John and Halpin, Brendan (2008): The Role of Active Labour Market Programmes in Employment Policy. Forthcoming in: Public Policy in Ireland (2009)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11885
2019-09-27T01:49:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483535
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D49:4933
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11885/
Social Security Mechanism(System): Theories, Design and Practice
Nwaobi, Godwin
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
J60 - General
I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
Living through hunger and physical hardship from infancy to premature old age; living through economic shifts that close factories and strip currency of its value in an instant; living through social turmoil, political upheaval, and war; through it all, poor men and women in communities around the world keep coming back to their deep longing for a better future for their children. And despite an age of unprecedented global prosperity and the existence of a worldwide network of poverty-reduction institutions, poverty persists and is intensifying among certain groups and in certain regions around the world. Again, while the 2008 financial crisis is global in nature, it is likely to have heterogeneous welfare impacts within the developing world, with some countries and some people more vulnerable than others. It also threatens to have lasting impacts for some of those affected, notably through the nutrition and schooling of children in poor families. These features point to the need for a differentiated social policy response, aiming to provide rapid income support to those in most need, while preserving the key physical and human assets of poor people and their communities. This paper therefore argued that attempts should be made in developing countries to establish institutions and financing mechanisms to assure permanent measures to insure against normal life-cycle contingencies. And for those countries considering alternative social protection measures, the choice should depend on the nature of contingencies experienced and on their administrative and financing capacities. Perhaps, prayer to Almighty God remains the key solution given the spiritual dimension of the social problem under consideration (and since righteousness exalts a nation but sin is a reproach to any nation of the world).
2008-12-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11885/1/MPRA_paper_11885.pdf
Nwaobi, Godwin (2008): Social Security Mechanism(System): Theories, Design and Practice.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12219
2019-09-27T16:28:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12219/
Labour Market Institutions and Labour Market Performance in the European Union
Michal, Tvrdon
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J60 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
The presented article deals with labour market institutions and labour market performance in the European Union. The first chapter is devoted to theoretical and methodological background of labour market performance. Theoretical literature has created a set of institutional aspects such as employment protection legislation, structure of wage bargaining, taxation of labour, active labour market policy, the system of unemployment and social benefits. All these aspects determine the institutional framework of labour market. Theoretical literature also has defined labour market flexibility as an instrument for adjustment process in case of asymmetric shock. Attention is also paid to influence of these institutional aspects on employment or unemployment. The second chapter is composed of the comparative analysis of selected criteria and corresponding economic indicators of the EU member states. The author has chosen the method of comparative analysis as the basic method for accomplishing the goal of the paper - to analyse the labour market institutions and their contribution to labour market performance in the EU member states. The evidence shows that the labour market flexibility in the Visegrad group countries is better than average of old EU-15 member states. However, this level of flexibility is much behind the level of USA or Anglo-Saxon countries. The main problem of Visegrad group is long-term unemployment and its composition and a lower level of employment. The author assumes that improving these indicators is one of the most important tasks for political-economic authorities.
2008-05-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12219/1/MPRA_paper_12219.pdf
Michal, Tvrdon (2008): Labour Market Institutions and Labour Market Performance in the European Union. Published in: 5th International Symposium on Business Administration
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12429
2019-09-30T13:04:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433332
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12429/
Shocks and rigidities as determinants of CEE labor markets' performance. A panel SVECM approach
Bukowski, Maciej
Koloch, Grzegorz
Lewandowski, Piotr
C32 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes ; State Space Models
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J60 - General
In this paper the dynamic responses of labor markets to macroeconomic shocks in eight CEE countries are empirically analyzed in panel SVECM. Identification of shocks, interpreted as real wage, productivity, labor demand and supply shocks, is based on DSGE model with labor market explicitly modeled after Mortensen and Pissarides (1994). Fluctuations in foreign demand are controlled for and the model is estimated with panel procedure, which improves estimation's precision.
We show that propagation of shocks on NMS labor markets fairly resembles that characterizing OECD countries. Productivity improving shocks temporarily increase unemployment. Positive labor demand shocks increase employment, depress unemployment, rise real average wages, and were found to be the main determinant of variability of employment and unemployment in the short-run. In the medium term, in Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland innovations in wages seem to be prevalent drivers of employment and unemployment. The retrospective simulations of the model show that Baltic states and Poland were significantly affected by the collapse of Russian exports in late 1990s, and in 2000 an adverse labor demand shock hit all NMS, except for Hungary and Slovenia. However, the flexibility of wages is found to be crucial factor behind the diverse labor market performance in the region. Slovenia and Estonia fared best when it comes to flexibility of wages on macro level, on the other hand in Czech Republic, Lithuania and Poland downward wage rigidities were especially binding after employment-contracting shocks.
2008-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12429/1/MPRA_paper_12429.pdf
Bukowski, Maciej and Koloch, Grzegorz and Lewandowski, Piotr (2008): Shocks and rigidities as determinants of CEE labor markets' performance. A panel SVECM approach.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12814
2019-09-30T17:34:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463032
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12814/
Globalisation and Employment: A Prelude
Majumder, Rajarshi
J60 - General
F02 - International Economic Order and Integration
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J30 - General
Globalisation has proceeded at an unimagined pace in the last few decades. While it has resulted in high growth of global income, questions are raised about the equity of such growth. Disparity seems to be aggravating, as globalisation seems to be depressing the labour market. Unemployment is rising, both absolutely and as proportion of labour force, especially in developing regions. Elasticity of employment is low and falling further. Whatever little employment expansion is occurring is mostly vulnerable in nature, remuneration levels are scanty, and working poverty is substantially high. Using a Globalisation Index, it is observed that except the developed countries, pace and levels of globalisation are affecting the labour market negatively. Employment growth and elasticities are lower in regions that have had rapid globalisation. Institutional mechanism and improving social security for workers must therefore precede global integration of the economy.
2008-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12814/1/MPRA_paper_12814.pdf
Majumder, Rajarshi (2008): Globalisation and Employment: A Prelude. Published in: Indian Journal of Labour Economics , Vol. 51, No. 4 (December 2008)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14596
2019-09-28T23:43:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433930
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14596/
Inflation,Unemployment and Nigerian Families: An empirical investigation
Nwaobi, Godwin C
J60 - General
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
C90 - General
D10 - General
C80 - General
At present, the world economy is at a cross road. The Nigerian economy is therefore undergoing it most severe economic crisis since the Biafra war of the sixties. Currently, she is experiencing a staggering rate of inflation (well up to the double digit) as well as experiencing a severe recession (as the unemployment rate has risen astronomically). Consequently, a basic thesis of this proposal is that stagflation has caused and will continue to cause considerable hardship for many Nigerian families and poses a serious threat to the mental health of a substantial proportion of the population. It is therefore the aim of this research to document in a systematic way how families that have experienced varying degrees of “inflation crunch” have adjusted to or tried to adapt to this pressure. In other words, this phased research project proposes to provide information that will be useful to policy makers (government) who must weigh the costs and benefits of the current inflationary pressures as well as severe recession. Essentially, the result will be an emergence and evolution of corrective policy measures and strategies (as adequate and functional).
2009-04-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14596/1/MPRA_paper_14596.pdf
Nwaobi, Godwin C (2009): Inflation,Unemployment and Nigerian Families: An empirical investigation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17844
2019-09-29T07:54:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443538
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17844/
Impacto Económico del programa de Desarrollo Alternativo del Plan Colombia
Hernandez, Gustavo Adolfo
Prada, Sergio
Ramirez, Juan Mauricio
J60 - General
D58 - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
Q10 - General
Overall, the investment projects of Plan Colombia in its program Alternative Development as evaluated in this work, which are equivalent to a foreign capital inflow of US$ 1164.5 million (for about 4 years) may increase GDP by about 1.2 percentage points, and lead to an increase in employment of 0.9 percentage points. The effect is reflected in the increase in both rural and urban incomes and a small improvement in income distribution. However, there are appreciation pressures on the exchange change that may affect exports especially those coming from the agricultural and industrial unskilled labor intensive sectors.
2001-05-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17844/1/MPRA_paper_17844.pdf
Hernandez, Gustavo Adolfo and Prada, Sergio and Ramirez, Juan Mauricio (2001): Impacto Económico del programa de Desarrollo Alternativo del Plan Colombia. Published in: Planeacion y Desarrollo , Vol. 32, No. 1 (December 2001)
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18248
2019-09-28T01:54:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18248/
"Google it!" Forecasting the US unemployment rate with a Google job search index
D'Amuri, Francesco/FD
Marcucci, Juri/JM
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
J60 - General
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
E37 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
In this paper we suggest the use of an internet job-search indicator (Google Index, GI) as the best leading indicator to predict the US unemployment rate. We perform a deep out-of-sample comparison of many forecasting models. With respect to the previous literature we concentrate on the monthly series extending the out-of-sample forecast comparison with models that adopt both our preferred leading indicator (GI), the more standard initial claims or combinations of both. Our results show that the GI indeed helps in predicting the US unemployment rate even after controlling for the effects of data snooping. Robustness checks show that models augmented with the GI perform better than traditional ones even in most state-level forecasts and in comparison with the Survey of Professional Forecasters' federal level predictions.
2009-10-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18248/1/MPRA_paper_18248.pdf
D'Amuri, Francesco/FD and Marcucci, Juri/JM (2009): "Google it!" Forecasting the US unemployment rate with a Google job search index.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18403
2019-09-26T18:23:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18403/
Predicting unemployment in short samples with internet job search query data
Francesco, D'Amuri
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
J60 - General
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
This article tests the power of a novel indicator based on job search related web queries in predicting quarterly unemployment rates in short samples. Augmenting standard time series specifications with this indicator definitely improves out-of-sample forecasting performance at nearly all in-sample interval lengths and forecast horizons, both when compared with models estimated on the same or on a much longer time series interval.
2009-10-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18403/1/MPRA_paper_18403.pdf
Francesco, D'Amuri (2009): Predicting unemployment in short samples with internet job search query data.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18732
2019-09-28T19:15:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18732/
"Google it!" Forecasting the US unemployment rate with a Google job search index
D'Amuri, Francesco
Marcucci, Juri
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
J60 - General
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
E37 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
We suggest the use of an Internet job-search indicator (the Google Index, GI) as the best leading indicator to predict the US unemployment rate. We perform a deep out-of-sample forecasting comparison analyzing many models that adopt both our preferred leading indicator (GI), the more standard initial claims or combinations of both. We find that models augmented with the GI outperform the traditional ones in predicting the monthly unemployment rate, even in most state-level forecasts and in comparison with the Survey of Professional Forecasters.
2009-10-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18732/3/MPRA_paper_18732.pdf
D'Amuri, Francesco and Marcucci, Juri (2009): "Google it!" Forecasting the US unemployment rate with a Google job search index.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18765
2019-09-26T19:32:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3731
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18765/
Group Reputation and the Dynamics of Statistical Discrimination
Kim, Young Chul
Loury, Glenn
H0 - General
J60 - General
J71 - Discrimination
Previous literature on statistical discrimination explained stereotypes based on the existence of multiple equilibria, in which principals have different self-confirming beliefs about different social groups (Arrow, 1973; Coate and Loury, 1993). However, the literature has not provided an account of where the principals' prior beliefs come from. Moreover, the static models dominating the literature do not offer relevant information about the dynamic paths that lead to each equilibrium. This paper develops a dynamic version of statistical discrimination in which economic players' forward-looking behaviors determine the dynamic paths to each equilibrium. Defining ``Group Reputation'' as the objective information shared by principals regarding the average characteristics of agents belonging to each group, this study identifies groups as advantaged or disadvantaged, based on their initial reputation states, and provides conditions by which a group can switch from one reputation state to another. By understanding this dynamic structure of reputation evolution, we examine the strategy that well-coordinated principals may voluntarily utilize to maximize their profits, helping the group in the reputation trap to improve its skill investment rate.
2009-05-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18765/1/MPRA_paper_18765.pdf
Kim, Young Chul and Loury, Glenn (2009): Group Reputation and the Dynamics of Statistical Discrimination.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18767
2019-09-28T22:30:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3135
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443835
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3730
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18767/
Lifetime Network Externality and the Dynamics of Group Inequality
Kim, Young Chul
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
J60 - General
J15 - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants ; Non-labor Discrimination
D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory
J70 - General
The quality of one's social network significantly affects his economic success. Even after the skill acquisition period, the social network influences economic success through various routes such as mentoring, job searching, business connections, or information channeling. In this paper I propose that a social network externality which extends beyond the education period -- what I call a Lifetime Network Externality -- is important in explaining the evolution of between-group inequality in an economy. When the members of a group believe that the quality of their social network will be better in the future, more young group members invest in skill achievement because they expect higher returns on investment realized over the working period. As this is repeated in the following generations, the quality of the group's network improves over time. Combining the Lifetime Network Externality, which operates during the labor market phase of a worker's career, with the traditional concepts of peer and parental effects, which operate during the educational phase (Loury 1977), I suggest a full dynamic picture of group inequality in an economy with multiple social groups. I define a notion of Network Trap, wherein a disadvantaged group cannot improve the quality of its network without a governmental intervention, and I explore the egalitarian policies to mobilize the group out of this trap. This social capital approach suggests a positive effect of equality on economic growth in later stages of economic development and a positive effect of inequality in the early stage of economic development, consistent with Galor and Zeira (1993). Unlike the previous literature, the conclusion is derived without imposing the standard assumption of credit market imperfections. Therefore, this implies that equality, by helping disadvantaged groups to move out of the network trap, has a positive effect on economic development even in a matured economy without binding credit constraints, or in a society with public provision of schooling.
2009-05-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18767/1/MPRA_paper_18767.pdf
Kim, Young Chul (2009): Lifetime Network Externality and the Dynamics of Group Inequality.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18889
2019-09-26T09:25:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18889/
Municipalità, lavoro, sviluppo: il contributo dell'Amministrazione comunale di Muggiò per favorire la mobilità e l'occupazione
Suppa, Alberto
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
H70 - General
J60 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J68 - Public Policy
A14 - Sociology of Economics
The paper put his attention on the active economic role of a local institution of Northern Italy against the unemployment and the economic crisis during the 2008. The experience shows the importance of cooperation beetween the municipal Administration, the local unions and the most important enterprises of the place. These relationships make possible the creation of opportunities for workers, enterprises, families, in order to fight unemployment enforcing the local social welfare.
2009-05-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18889/1/MPRA_paper_18889.pdf
Suppa, Alberto (2009): Municipalità, lavoro, sviluppo: il contributo dell'Amministrazione comunale di Muggiò per favorire la mobilità e l'occupazione. Published in: Sviluppo Brianza - I libri della Brianza , Vol. 8, (November 2009): pp. 56-70.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19094
2019-09-29T00:13:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3633
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19094/
Creative destruction of 'government as employer of last resort'.
Musgrave, Ralph S.
J60 - General
J63 - Turnover ; Vacancies ; Layoffs
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
J68 - Public Policy
The claim that the unemployed should be allocated to ‘government as employer of last resort’ schemes (like the WPA in the US in the 1930s) has major flaws. One flaw is the assumption that public sector work of this sort is less inflationary than private sector employment. A second flaw is the idea that WPA type schemes should be separate from existing employers. Once these two flaws are removed, WPA turns into a temporary employment subsidy that creates jobs with existing employers public and private.
A second argument leads to the same ‘temporary employment subsidy’ conclusion: as unemployment falls, the marginal product of labour falls, till NAIRU is reached. The above subsidy compensates for this fall, and thus reduces NAIRU.
Yet a third argument leads to the same conclusion: this temporary subsidy imitates a perfect labour market, a zero unemployment scenario. Thus this subsidy should facilitate a move towards zero unemployment.
2009-12-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19094/1/MPRA_paper_19094.pdf
Musgrave, Ralph S. (2009): Creative destruction of 'government as employer of last resort'.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20710
2019-09-29T10:24:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493132
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433231
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433235
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20710/
Evolution of social inequalities in health in Quebec?
Batana, Yélé Maweki
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
I12 - Health Behavior
J60 - General
C21 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models ; Quantile Regressions
C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models ; Discrete Regressors ; Proportions ; Probabilities
This paper, based on data from the National Population Health Surveys (NPHS) from 1994 to 2007, analyzes the evolution of social inequalities in health in Quebec since the mid-1990s using two health measures namely self-assessed health (SAH) and health utility index (HUI). Two methods are used. The first is based on concentration indices and their decompositions while the second is based on the income-health matrices. The results confirm the existence of persistent health gradients, but with some variations over time. The findings also suggest an increase, on average, in health inequalities during the period with a peak during the years 2002/2003. These variations appear especially stronger for low-income individuals.
2010-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20710/1/MPRA_paper_20710.pdf
Batana, Yélé Maweki (2010): Evolution of social inequalities in health in Quebec?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21041
2019-10-06T08:40:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21041/
Explaining high unemployment among low-skilled workers: Evidence from 21 European and Anglo-Saxon countries, 1991-2006
Oesch, Daniel
J60 - General
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
The OECD’s unemployment problem is largely concentrated among low-skilled workers. In this paper, four explanations of low-skilled workers’ unemployment are examined: wage-setting institutions, employment regulation, globalization, and monetary policy. The analysis is based on pooled regressions for 21 affluent countries over the period 1991-2006. Our findings provide no support for the hypothesis that low-skilled workers’ employment prospects are hindered by legal minimum wages or strict employment protection. Likewise, large wage inequality does not seem to be a necessary condition for countries to achieve low rates of low-skilled unemployment. In contrast, investment in active labour market policies pays off in form of less low-skilled unemployment. Additionally, low real interest rates are associated with significantly less low-skilled unemployment. Hence, low-skilled workers’ job prospects seem enhanced by a combination of active labour market policies with a monetary policy that allows the economy to fully exploit its growth potential.
2009-02-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21041/1/MPRA_paper_21041.pdf
Oesch, Daniel (2009): Explaining high unemployment among low-skilled workers: Evidence from 21 European and Anglo-Saxon countries, 1991-2006.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21502
2019-10-02T00:55:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21502/
Centralized wage setting and labor market policies: the nordic model case
Vona, Francesco
Zamparelli, Luca
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
J60 - General
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
It is often argued that rigid labour market and centralized bargaining are harmful employment and growth. This paper looks at the case of Nordic countries as a counter-example pointing to some weaknesses of this view. Rigid labour markets, while reducing the offer of low quality jobs, increase average labor productivity by favoring job relocation in high quality jobs. Moene and Wallerstein (1997) adopted a vintage-capital model to compare centralized and decentralized bargaining: they show that centralized bargaining systems yield higher labor productivity and higher structural unemployment. By introducing a frictional labor market in the vintage-capital framework , we show that the negative effects on employment characterizing centralized bargaining can be reduced by adopting active labor market policy.
Keywords: Centralized wage setting, structural change, labor market policy, frictional unemployment
2010-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21502/1/MPRA_paper_21502.pdf
Vona, Francesco and Zamparelli, Luca (2010): Centralized wage setting and labor market policies: the nordic model case.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22393
2019-09-28T01:58:57Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22393/
EU labour market behaviour during the Great Recession
Arpaia, Alfonso
Curci, Nicola
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
J60 - General
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
This paper provides an analysis of the labour market adjustment to the 2008-2009 recession in terms of employment, unemployment, hours worked and wages. It highlights differences in the response of employment and unemployment across countries and different socioeconomic groups. For all EU Member States, it provides evidence of the developments during the crisis of the monthly job finding and separation rates. This helps to assess whether the increase in unemployment is due to an increase of job separation or to a decline in the job finding rate. The paper discusses the risks of jobless growth and compares the dynamics of unemployment and employment across different periods. It provides evidence of an asymmetric response over the cycle, with recessions being characterised by more job destruction than by job creation in the following recoveries. The analysis of the wage dynamics during the recession suggests that there has been an adjustment in the compensation per employee led by the variable component; yet, this has not been sufficient to avoid the increase in the nominal unit labour costs due to labour hoarding.
2010-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22393/1/MPRA_paper_22393.pdf
Arpaia, Alfonso and Curci, Nicola (2010): EU labour market behaviour during the Great Recession.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22523
2019-09-29T01:47:08Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22523/
Discretization of highly persistent correlated AR(1) shocks
Lkhagvasuren, Damba
Galindev, Ragchaasuren
J60 - General
C60 - General
The finite state Markov-Chain approximation method developed by Tauchen (1986) and Tauchen and Hussey (1991) is widely used in economics, finance and econometrics in solving for functional equations where state variables follow an autoregressive process. For highly persistent processes, the method requires a large number of discrete values for the state variables to produce close approximations which leads to an undesirable reduction in computational speed, especially in a multidimensional case. This paper proposes an alternative method of discretizing vector autoregressions. This method can be treated as an extension of Rouwenhorst's (1995) method which, according to our experiments, outperforms the existing methods in the scalar case for highly persistent processes. The new method works well as an approximation that is much more robust to the number of discrete values for a wide range of the parameter space.
2008-11-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22523/1/MPRA_paper_22523.pdf
Lkhagvasuren, Damba and Galindev, Ragchaasuren (2008): Discretization of highly persistent correlated AR(1) shocks. Forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23168
2019-09-27T00:31:11Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
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74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23168/
Active Labour Market Policies in Denmark: A Comparative Analysis of Post-Program Effects
Blache, Guillaume
C52 - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
J60 - General
C21 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models ; Quantile Regressions
The scope of the paper is to estimate post-program effects in fostering good transitions from unemployment to work. Such an issue implies that besides job finding rates, qualitative variables related to work have to be included as well. The evaluation is based on a comprehensive transversal dataset of Danes who ended an activation program in the year 2002, merged with individuals’ profile and retrospective yearly information related to their socioeconomic status, extent of working time and wage level. The control of unobserved heterogeneity and post-program effects are investigated through treatment-effects models. As regards transitions to work and full-time job, main results show fairly large positive effects for private sector employment programs. Smaller positive impacts are found for labour market training and services/sanctions, whereas negative coefficients are assigned to public sector employment programs. All things being equal, the large positive coefficient of the private sector employment programs’ category is the result of its closer link with the “ordinary” labour market which provides “contact effects”. It is worthwhile that job opportunities for private sector employment participants are highly dependent on the business cycle. Besides, this type of programss are submitted to “creaming effects” as unemployed with longer work experience benefit the most from the private sector. The best way to cope with labour shortage is education and training whereas the reduction of public expenditure can be achieved through sanctions programs. The “work first” strategy of this last category of programs is more profitable for the unemployed who benefit from social network. Such a situation leads to “dead-weight effects” thus making public intervention unnecessary. Long-term effects on wages are the most positive for those who where involved into labour market training programs because off the higher return to education in line with human capital theory. Services/sanctions also get fairly positive coefficients for the wage level. Coefficients are not statistically significant for private sector employment programs and are negative for public sector employment. As suggested by previous studies, subsidised programs can indeed be perceived by employers as to be a signal of lower-than-average productivity.
2008-10-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23168/1/MPRA_paper_23168.pdf
Blache, Guillaume (2008): Active Labour Market Policies in Denmark: A Comparative Analysis of Post-Program Effects.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24200
2019-09-29T23:07:26Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3435
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24200/
On-the-job search in italian labour markets: an empirical analysis
Ponzo, Michela
J45 - Public Sector Labor Markets
J60 - General
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
This paper analyses the determinants of on-the-job search activities of Italian workers. Using several waves of the Bank of Italy Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) we estimate with a Probit model how individual socio-demographic characteristics and economic variables affect the probability of on-the-job search. We find that the probability of being engaged in job-search activities is higher for low-wage earners, for workers with low tenure and higher levels of education, for males and for residents in large cities. Moreover, we find significant differences in the determinants of on-the-job search activities across sectors. Public sector employees show a considerable lower probability of on-the-job search compared to private sector workers; White-collars and teachers search much less than blue-collars (both in private and public sectors). Results suggest that the attractiveness of jobs varies considerably, even controlling for wage levels and that notwithstanding the high degree of centralization Italian markets are reactive to job-search determinants.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24200/1/MPRA_paper_24200.pdf
Ponzo, Michela (2009): On-the-job search in italian labour markets: an empirical analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24393
2019-09-27T13:42:50Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433335
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24393/
Accesibilidad al régimen contributivo de salud en Colombia: caso de la población rural migrante.
Arroyo, Santiago
Tovar, Luís
J60 - General
C35 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models ; Discrete Regressors ; Proportions
I10 - General
The objective of this document is to analyze the determinants of the probability that the migrant rural population colombian, will acceded to the contributing regime of health in 2006. We consider a logit model and
data of the Encuesta Continua de Hogares, which is applied by the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE). The model contains variables such as: sex, age, civil state, head of household, education,education of the head of household and reason of the migration.
All the variables including in the model turned out to be signicant. In agreement with the results, to have more years of approved education, to be man, and to be married or in free union they generate a positive effect on the probability of being aliate to the contributing regime of
health. Of another side, an increase in the age, being head of household or migrated for involuntary reasons aects the probability that negatively the migrant ones of the countryside accede to the contributing regime.
2009-09-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24393/1/MPRA_paper_24393.pdf
Arroyo, Santiago and Tovar, Luís (2009): Accesibilidad al régimen contributivo de salud en Colombia: caso de la población rural migrante. Published in: Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad , Vol. 64, No. 0120-3584 (17 December 2009): pp. 153-172.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25049
2019-09-28T16:05:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3435
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25049/
On-the-job search in italian labour markets: an empirical analysis
Ponzo, Michela
J45 - Public Sector Labor Markets
J60 - General
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
This paper analyses the determinants of on-the-job search activities of Italian workers. Using several waves of the Bank of Italy Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) we estimate with a Probit model how individual socio-demographic characteristics and economic variables affect the probability of on-the-job search. We find that the probability of being engaged in job-search activities is higher for low-wage earners, for workers with low tenure and higher levels of education, for males and for residents in large cities. Moreover, we find significant differences in the determinants of on-the-job search activities across sectors. Public sector employees show a considerable lower probability of on-the-job search compared to private sector workers; White-collars and teachers search much less than blue-collars (both in private and public sectors). Results suggest that the attractiveness of jobs varies considerably, even controlling for wage levels and that notwithstanding the high degree of centralization Italian markets are reactive to job-search determinants.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25049/1/MPRA_paper_25049.pdf
Ponzo, Michela (2010): On-the-job search in italian labour markets: an empirical analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25545
2019-09-26T10:49:51Z
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7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3538
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3838
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3539
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3533
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25545/
Sindicalismo: o fim do contra poder?
Sampaio, José João
Z10 - General
J58 - Public Policy
J88 - Public Policy
A10 - General
J59 - Other
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J80 - General
J60 - General
J51 - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
J68 - Public Policy
A14 - Sociology of Economics
J53 - Labor-Management Relations ; Industrial Jurisprudence
J50 - General
Departing from a stable industrial relationship, supported by logic of economic massification and the correspondent legal framework, it is our objective to approach the new industrial relations environment, emerging from the modifications on the enterprise organisation models, towards the new challenges they are facing by the end of the 20th century, while unions have not been able to follow this evolution and maintain, in most of the cases, a tipical Wellfare State like behaviour. The paradigm of the enterprise as the labour conflict environment by excellence seems to be overshot and the moment has come to find new social understanding, based on a labour relationship more adequate to a changing society. In this paper, we deal with the factors we believe to be more significant for the understanding of new management concepts and of the subjacent labour relations, with particular emphasis to the new unionism opportunities.
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25545/1/MPRA_paper_25545.pdf
Sampaio, José João (2000): Sindicalismo: o fim do contra poder? Published in: Organizacoes e Trabalho, Lisboa No. nº 23 (2000)
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25842
2019-09-28T08:07:34Z
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https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25842/
On economic growth and minimum wages
Fanti, Luciano
Gori, Luca
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
J60 - General
H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
We offer an analysis of the existence of a positive relationship between minimum wages and economic growth in a simple one-sector overlapping generations economy where the usual Romer-typed knowledge spill-over mechanism in production represents the engine of endogenous growth, in the case of both homogeneous and heterogeneous (i.e., skilled and unskilled) labour. Assuming also the existence of unemployment benefits financed with consumption taxes not conditioned on age at a balanced budget, it is shown that minimum wages may stimulate economic growth and welfare despite the unemployment occurrence. Moreover, a growth-maximising minimum wage can exist. A straightforward message, therefore, is that a combination of minimum wage and unemployment benefit policies can appropriately be used to promote balanced growth and welfare.
2010-10-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25842/1/MPRA_paper_25842.pdf
Fanti, Luciano and Gori, Luca (2010): On economic growth and minimum wages.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:26293
2019-10-07T16:33:50Z
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7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26293/
Will without War?
Klinedinst, Mark
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
A20 - General
J60 - General
E00 - General
While
congress
debates
the
merits
of
a
stimulus
package
of
around
900
hundred
billion
dollars,
a
historical
approach
to
the
current
situation
suggests
that
the
stimulus
packages
currently
being
discussed
are
actually
far
less
generous
than
may
be
needed.
The
Congressional
Budget
Office
projects
that
we
are
in
“a
recession
that
will
probably
be
the
longest
and
the
deepest
since
World
War
II.”
It
is
often
suggested
that
the
massive
spending
necessitated
by
the
nation’s
involvement
in
World
War
II
helped
end
the
Great
Depression.
Without
a
comparably
ambitious
unifying
cause,
however,
I
am
afraid
that
the
spending
required
to
pull
us
out
of
a
decline
will
be
considered
politically
unpalatable,
leading
to
an
inadequate
response
to
the
crisis.
An
examination
of
spending
patterns
during
the
nineteen-‐thirties
and
nineteen-‐forties
and
their
application
to
the
current
scenario
suggest
the
true
extent
of
the
stimulus
that
may
be
needed.
2009-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26293/1/MPRA_paper_26293.pdf
Klinedinst, Mark (2009): Will without War?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:26327
2019-09-28T00:33:41Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
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https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26327/
The Economic Impact on Canada of Immigration
Grady, Patrick
J60 - General
J23 - Labor Demand
This paper presents the simplest supply-and-demand textbook model of how immigration works in a market economy (Borjas, 1999, pp.89-93). While it may be oversimplified in
that it assumes that all labour is homogeneous and that machinery and equipment, land, and other productive resources are fixed and that it ignores any dynamic impact of immigration, it is a good starting point for an analysis of the economic impacts of immigration in Canada.
Using this model with parameters taken from the literature, the immigration surplus for Canada, which represents an estimate of the cumulative economic benefits of immigration, can be calculated to have been 0.33 per cent of GDP in 2001 or $3,594 million (Table 1). The most striking thing about this estimate is that it is not very large in macroeconomic terms, especially when contrasted with the large redistribution of income that results from immigration.
2006-01-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26327/1/MPRA_paper_26327.pdf
Grady, Patrick (2006): The Economic Impact on Canada of Immigration.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:26328
2019-09-30T14:42:03Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3635
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26328/
Background Paper on Full Employment
Grady, Patrick
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
J60 - General
J65 - Unemployment Insurance ; Severance Pay ; Plant Closings
This paper considers the meaning of full employment and attempts to gauge the appropriate level of "sustainable" full employment.
The second section of the paper reviews the various theories
of employment that have been applied to gain an understanding of the concept of full employment. The starting point is the classical theory of a perfectly functioning labour market where wages adjust to equilibrate supply and demand and all unemployment is voluntary. Next is introduced the Keynesian concept of voluntary unemploymenL where workers are willing to supply more labour at the current fixed money wage rate and
where money wages are assumed to be fixed.
The concept of unemployment called the Non-accelerating
Inflation Rate of Unemployment (NAIRU), which is derived from the extended Phillips curve model of wage determination is also examined in the second section. According to this model, there is a certain unemployment rate (or range of rates) that is consistent with a steady rate of inflation. Given the necessity to avoid an accelerating rate of inflation, this is the
unemployment rate that is sustainable in the longer run. Any
trade-off between inflation and unemployment is necessarily
short-run in nature with the duration of the trade-off dependent on the speed with which expectations adapt. To the extent that expectations are rational and accurate, the trade-off can be expected to disappear. The rational expectations view of unemployment can be carried even further and some proponents would argue that all unemployment stems from errors in expectations about, most importantly, the real wage. The search theory view of unemployment developed by Phelps and others is
summarized critically. This theory posits that unemployment is voluntary and results from job search. This section of the paper also discusses the traditional decomposition of
unemployment into frictional, seasonal, structural, and cyclical components.
The second section of the paper ends by drawing together the
main threads of the discussion of theories of employment to shed some light on the question of what might constitute a viable goal for full employment.
The data on labour force trends is examined in the third
section of the paper. Trends in unemployment by age and sex are considered. The nature of the questions on the labour force survey and their significance for the interpretation of unemployment are discussed.
The fourth section of the paper reviews the evolution of goals for full employment as the various theories of unemployment came to be applied to the actual unemployment situation. The increase in the unemployment rate goal from the Economic Council's medium term goal of 3 per cent proposed in 1964 to theMacdonald Commission's 6 1/2 to 8 per cent range for the NAIRU is chronicled. Estimates of the NAIRU derived from the companion paper reviewing the literature on inflation and unemployment are used to shed additional light on the meaning of full employment in the current context. The methodologies used to calculate the estimates of NAIRU are fully discussed. Conclusions concerning factors such as the demographic composition of the labour force and changes in Unemployment Insurance that are expected to have an impact are highlighted.
The fifth section of the paper considers the prospect for full employment. Current short- and medium- term and long-term forecasts for the rate of unemployment are reviewed. Special attention is paid to those presented in the May 1985 budget because of their official status.
The sixth section presents the conclusions on sustainable
levels of unemployment.
1986-02-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26328/1/MPRA_paper_26328.pdf
Grady, Patrick (1986): Background Paper on Full Employment.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:26617
2019-09-26T08:42:36Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3639
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7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3434
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26617/
From Training to Labour Market. Holocletic Model.
Santos, Miguel
J69 - Other
J60 - General
A20 - General
J44 - Professional Labor Markets ; Occupational Licensing
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
A21 - Pre-college
J23 - Labor Demand
The desired professional insertion (placement) after training is under the influence of personal and exogenous variables. In the present paper we identify the constraints and devices that, in an interactive way, can shape and affect the professional insertion. This paper is a result of a subchapter of the author’s PhD dissertation. The helpfulness of the meanings and definitions is clearly reliant on the study framework. We aim to provide to the reader a set of elements that help to distinguish, to compare and turn out accessible the eclectic dominant mainstream, in order to standardized, to clarify and to apply concepts in future research works and studies. We also suggest a study model with a different point of view.
2010-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26617/1/MPRA_paper_26617.pdf
Santos, Miguel (2010): From Training to Labour Market. Holocletic Model.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:28301
2019-09-26T12:21:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433930
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3830
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463530
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3130
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433530
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28301/
Darbaspēka migrācijas ietekme uz darba tirgu Latvijā
Skribans, Valerijs
C00 - General
C90 - General
J80 - General
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
F50 - General
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J10 - General
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
J60 - General
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
C50 - General
C20 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J00 - General
After entering the European Union (EU) Latvia faced new possibilities in international labor market. In 2004 several member states opened their labor markets to workers from Latvia. The largest amount of labor force went to Ireland, Great Britain and Sweden. In these countries salaries were substantially higher than in Latvia, which contributed to labor migration from Latvia. The migration process has a significant influence on the labor market in Latvia: on the one hand it reduced the amount of unemployed, but, on the other hand, it caused workforce deficit in certain professions, as well as substantially influenced the level of salaries in the whole economy. These processes will also influence the future development of Latvia; therefore the research of these issues is very topical for Latvia. It is also important internationally, because in other countries, especially in the new EU member states, similar processes take place, and it is possible to elaborate a common EU labor force migration model by consolidating migration data of particular member states. Common EU labor force migration model would also be suitable for developed EU member states, in order to estimate the incoming flow of labor force and its influence on the development of national economy.
Aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of labor migration on the labor market in Latvia. In order to reach the aim, several tasks are set: to determine and to investigate the factors influencing labor market and labor migration; to consolidate influencing factors in a common system and to form labor market and labor migration system dynamic explanatory and forecasting model, based on it; to forecast the most important parameters of labor migration and labor market in Latvia.
This paper shows system dynamic model of labor market and labor migration in Latvia. The hypothesis of the research is: labor migration is determined primarily by the payment level in the countries under consideration and the indicator derived from it – payment differences in the countries compared; as well as employment level, unemployment level, number of work places (market capacity) and number of vacant work places. Secondary factors influencing migration may be costs connected with labor migration, formal legal barriers to migration and personal propensity to migrate. Statistics on the labor market in Latvia are not complete; there is also no common view of experts on determinant processes. In such circumstances market forecasting with quantitative methods is problematic. One approach is to simulate indicators and to estimate their influence on national economy. The model has three parts: growth (expansion) of labor force, division and migration sub models. The sub model for growth of labor force is based on division of population in various categories during transition to a working age population. Division by level of education is further used in labor market analysis in which worker groups are formed according to the education level.
The paper represents mutual interaction of groups of workers as well as labor migration. The results show sensitivity of the model factors to propensity of personnel for labor migration. The elaborated model and the results represented in this paper show that separate processes in national economy such as employment, unemployment and wages can be connected not with economic situation, but with the equalization processes in the EU. Under these circumstances it could be inefficient to fight with the increase of wages in Latvia, also to decrease wages, because in the long-term it can cause more severe problems in the development of national economy.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28301/1/MPRA_paper_28301.pdf
Skribans, Valerijs (2010): Darbaspēka migrācijas ietekme uz darba tirgu Latvijā. Published in: LU raksti , Vol. 758, (2010): pp. 189-200.
lv
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:32309
2019-09-28T16:33:30Z
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7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32309/
ALOMORFISMOS NAS EMPRESAS E NA GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HUMANOS EM PLENA SOCIEDADE INFORMACIONAL
Santos, Miguel
J60 - General
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
M10 - General
M50 - General
The informational society is not innocuous for corporations and organizations. The assortment of allomorphic phenomenon that are taking place in corporations and on the implicit human resources management (i.e. persons) cannot set aside any indifference among entrepreneurs, workers or social partners. The corporation’s frameworks, the structure and performance, the person’s management, the labour relations and other new dimensions are analyzed on the present paper, trying to preview some trends. We make an attempt to shape the behaviors and forthcoming procedures of the social actors in order to forecast the management and the labour, with the certainty that the uncertainty is part of the future.
2011-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32309/1/MPRA_paper_32309.pdf
Santos, Miguel (2011): ALOMORFISMOS NAS EMPRESAS E NA GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HUMANOS EM PLENA SOCIEDADE INFORMACIONAL.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:32928
2019-10-09T05:08:36Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32928/
Impact of Labour Regulation on Unemployment: A Case Study of France, Germany, UK and USA
Sarkar, Prabirjit
J80 - General
J60 - General
K31 - Labor Law
J50 - General
This paper examines the state of labour protection in four countries (UK, USA, France and Germany) during 1970-2006. It supports the contention of the legal-origin theory that UK and USA (common law countries) intervene less in the labour market and grant less protection to labourers. It also supports the proposition that the problem of unemployment is more acute in the civil law countries (France and Germany). But it finds no direct relationship between various aspects of labour regulation and unemployment rate. Hence, we conclude that the explanation of more acute unemployment problem in France and Germany should be sought elsewhere.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32928/1/MPRA_paper_32928.pdf
Sarkar, Prabirjit (2011): Impact of Labour Regulation on Unemployment: A Case Study of France, Germany, UK and USA.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:32929
2019-10-09T04:32:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3833
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32929/
Indian Labour Regulation and Its Impact on Unemployment: A Leximetric Study, 1970-2006
Sarkar, Prabirjit
J80 - General
J60 - General
J83 - Workers' Rights
K31 - Labor Law
This paper analyses a new leximetric dataset on Indian labour law over a long period 1970-2006. There are five broad aspects of labour law such as Alternative employment contracts, Regulation of working time, Regulation of dismissal, Employee representation and Industrial action. Indian labour regulation is more concerned with the regulation of dismissal. It is more pro-labour than any of the four major OECD countries such as France, Germany, UK and USA. There is no evidence that more labour friendly regulation leads to more unemployment and industrial stagnation. Rather the direction of causality is from unemployment and output to labour regulation.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32929/1/MPRA_paper_32929.pdf
Sarkar, Prabirjit (2011): Indian Labour Regulation and Its Impact on Unemployment: A Leximetric Study, 1970-2006.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:35547
2019-10-03T04:37:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35547/
Does employment protection lead to unemployment? A panel data analysis of OECD countries, 1990-2008
Sarkar, Prabirjit
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J60 - General
K31 - Labor Law
J50 - General
This paper analysed the OECD data on employment protection for 23 OECD countries over the time span 1990-2008 on the basis of alternative dynamic panel data models and panel causality tests and examines the validity of the neo-liberal argument that strictness of employment protection hurts labour through increased long-term and youth unemployment rates. While it finds no empirical basis for this orthodox standpoint it observes that long-term unemployment dampens aggregate production which in turn aggravates unemployment problem.
2011-12-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35547/1/MPRA_paper_35547.pdf
Sarkar, Prabirjit (2011): Does employment protection lead to unemployment? A panel data analysis of OECD countries, 1990-2008.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:35553
2019-09-26T11:43:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3833
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35553/
Indian labour law and its impact on unemployment, 1970-2006: A leximetric study
Sarkar, Prabirjit
Deakin, Simon
J80 - General
J60 - General
J83 - Workers' Rights
K31 - Labor Law
We analyse a recently developed leximetric dataset on Indian labour law over the period 1970 to 2006. Indian labour law is seen to be highly protective of workers’ interests by international standards, particularly in the area of dismissal regulation. We undertake a time-series econometric analysis to estimate the impact of the strengthening of labour laws on unemployment and industrial output in the formal economy. We find no evidence that pro-worker labour legislation leads to unemployment or industrial stagnation. Rather, pro-worker labour laws are associated with low unemployment, with the direction of causality running from unemployment and output to labour regulation
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35553/1/MPRA_paper_35553.pdf
Sarkar, Prabirjit and Deakin, Simon (2011): Indian labour law and its impact on unemployment, 1970-2006: A leximetric study.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:37167
2019-10-02T14:55:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3731
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37167/
School-to-work transitions in Europe: Paths towards a permanent contract
Garrouste, Christelle
Loi, Massimo
J60 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J71 - Discrimination
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
In a context of intensive and global economic competition, European countries are growingly concerned with the consequences of increasing numbers of young people temporarily or permanently prevented from entering the job market and the difficulties faced by college and university graduates to find adequate employment. This study is concerned with analyzing the speed of transition of students to permanent employment as a proxy of professional stability, and by identifying possible discriminatory effects in selected countries. The research questions are addressed with a Cox survival model and a continuous-time Markov chain model where each individual can transit non-sequentially between the following Markov states: (1) education; (2) inactivity; (3)unemployment; (4) fixed-term/temporary employment; and (5) permanent employment (the 5th state being a non-absorbing steady state). The model is tested using the longitudinal ECHP data in thirteen EU member countries, over the period 1994-2001, controlling for individual and household characteristics and labour market characteristics (e.g., youth employment rate and share of temporary contracts). Overall, we find that the Mediterranean countries are the ones where the transition is the most hazardous both in terms of length and
number of steps, but that in other countries, the speed of convergence is not necessarily correlated to the number of spells at intermediate states. Moreover, we find that the gender discrimination that affected most of the countries at the beginning of the 1990s, faded away by the end of the decade, replaced by a positive discrimination in favour of the graduates from vocationally oriented programmes.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37167/1/MPRA_paper_37167.pdf
Garrouste, Christelle and Loi, Massimo (2011): School-to-work transitions in Europe: Paths towards a permanent contract. Published in: JRC Scientific and Technical Reports , Vol. JRC 67, No. 2011 (2011): pp. 1-52.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:38129
2019-09-27T09:48:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3731
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3738
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3132
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3135
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3730
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/38129/
Three essays on the economic and cultural integration of migrants in Switzerland: putting into perspective the influence of economic discrimination and of host society culture
Kohler, Pierre
F22 - International Migration
J71 - Discrimination
Z10 - General
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
J78 - Public Policy
Z12 - Religion
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J60 - General
J15 - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants ; Non-labor Discrimination
J68 - Public Policy
J70 - General
This thesis consists of three essays on the economic and cultural integration of migrants in Switzerland, reverse causation between these two dimensions of the integration process, and the role of host society culture. Whereas each dimension is usually examined separately, this study proposes a systemic approach to investigate both the economic and cultural dimensions of migrant integration, their interaction as well as the influence of the broader social context.
Chapter 1 explores the cultural integration paths of eight migrant groups from the first to the second generation by tracing the evolution of selected behaviours and attitudes, which are taken as indicative of cultural integration. It gauges the extent to which behaviours and attitudes of migrants are diverging from or converging with those of natives.
Chapter 2 examines the causes of integration failures or, more precisely, how economic and cultural barriers to integration reinforce each other. Are cultural differences preventing the successful integration of migrants or does the root of integration failures lie in unequal economic opportunities and discrimination?
Chapter 3 investigates the effect of host society culture on migrant wage discrimination. It examines whether the markedly more conservative political preferences on issues related to migration and asylum of voters in the German-speaking region of Switzerland affect outcomes in the labour market, or whether economic interactions are immune from tensions developing in the society at
large.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/38129/1/MPRA_paper_38129.pdf
Kohler, Pierre (2012): Three essays on the economic and cultural integration of migrants in Switzerland: putting into perspective the influence of economic discrimination and of host society culture. Published in: Thesis of the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies No. 940 (2012): pp. 1-251.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39084
2019-09-28T04:33:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39084/
Net job creation in the U.S. economy: lessons from monthly data, 1950-2011
Abo-Zaid, Salem
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J60 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
In this paper, I study the monthly net job creation (NJC) at the aggregate level in the U.S. over the period 1950-2011. The paper has few important findings. First, NJC did not show a significant trend over the last 6 decades, which resulted in a fall in the NJC rate. Second, NJC is very volatile and it may change course even in the span of one month. Third, there is no clear pattern about the co-movement between NJC and the change in the unemployment rate in the U.S. Fourth, the average of total NJC and private NJC since late 2010 are significantly higher than their respective historical averages and the volatility in NJC since the end of the Great Recession is not unusual by historical standards. Fifth, the size of NJC in the first decade of the 21st century has been the lowest along the entire sample. Finally, the most frequent drop in the unemployment rate is by 0.1 percent, and drops of more than 0.2 percent should not be highly expected.
2012-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39084/1/MPRA_paper_39084.pdf
Abo-Zaid, Salem (2012): Net job creation in the U.S. economy: lessons from monthly data, 1950-2011.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39378
2019-09-30T03:51:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39378/
Reconsidering the effect of economic development on urban unemployment under non-homothetic preferences
Takeuchi, Nobuyuki
O10 - General
J60 - General
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
We reconsider the effect of economic development on urban unemployment by introducing households with non-homothetic preferences into a sector-specific capital version of the Harris-Todaro model. Contrary to previous studies, this work shows that, while urban development reduces urban unemployment, rural development expands it. As for labor growth, it normally increases urban unemployment.
2012-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39378/1/MPRA_paper_39378.pdf
Takeuchi, Nobuyuki (2012): Reconsidering the effect of economic development on urban unemployment under non-homothetic preferences.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39752
2019-09-28T10:12:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39752/
Net job creation in the U.S. economy: lessons from monthly data, 1950-2011
Abo-Zaid, Salem
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J60 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
In this paper, I study the monthly net job creation (NJC) at the aggregate level in the U.S. over the period 1950-2011. The paper has few important findings. First, NJC did not show a significant trend over the last 6 decades, which resulted in a fall in the NJC rate. Second, NJC is very volatile and it may change course even in the span of one month. Third, there is no clear pattern about the co-movement between NJC and the change in the unemployment rate in the U.S. Fourth, the average of total NJC and private NJC since late 2010 are significantly higher than their respective historical averages and the volatility in NJC since the end of the Great Recession is not unusual by historical standards. Fifth, the size of NJC in the first decade of the 21st century has been the lowest along the entire sample. Finally, the most frequent drop in the unemployment rate is by 0.1 percent, and drops of more than 0.2 percent should not be highly expected.
2012-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39752/1/MPRA_paper_39752.pdf
Abo-Zaid, Salem (2012): Net job creation in the U.S. economy: lessons from monthly data, 1950-2011.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:43054
2019-09-26T17:25:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43054/
Stochastic Volatility in the U.S. Labor Market
Dennis, Wesselbaum
E30 - General
J60 - General
C30 - General
In state-of-the-art macroeconomic and labor market models shocks are assumed to be homoscedastic. However, we show that this assumption is much too restrictive. We �find signifi�cant evidence for strong time-varying volatility in all considered labor market time series.
First, we estimate the unconditional variance-covariance matrix and �find signi�cant evidence for time variability. Second, we estimate the conditional variance-covariance matrix and discuss the time-varying risk contained in labor market variables.
The implications are relevant for modelling purposes, welfare analysis, and the understanding of sources of fl�uctuations.
2012-11-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43054/1/MPRA_paper_43054.pdf
Dennis, Wesselbaum (2012): Stochastic Volatility in the U.S. Labor Market.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:43699
2019-09-28T12:33:34Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43699/
Centralized wage setting and labor market policies: the nordic case
Vona, Francesco
Zamparelli, Luca
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
J60 - General
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
We adopt a standard search and matching model with endogenous job destruction to investigate two issues. First, we use a simplified version of Boeri and Burda (2009) to show that at sufficiently low levels of wage share, centralized wage bargaining performs better than decentralized bargaining in terms of average productivity, unemployment, and income inequality. Second, we incorporate active labor market policies in the model and establish that they are more effective in reducing unemployment when wage setting is centralized. Finally, numerical analysis suggests that the difference in effectiveness is sizeable.
2012-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43699/1/MPRA_paper_43699.pdf
Vona, Francesco and Zamparelli, Luca (2012): Centralized wage setting and labor market policies: the nordic case. Forthcoming in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44752
2019-09-27T16:26:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D50:5031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44752/
Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism
Chilosi, Alberto
J60 - General
P1 - Capitalist Systems
This paper considers how the different varieties of capitalism affect the rate of long-term unemployment. The liberal market variety, where employment protection is the lowest, presents lower rates of long-term unemployment than the continental European, or the Mediterranean varieties. In the latter both employment protection and long-term unemployment are the highest and labour market participation the lowest. But the social-democratic Scandinavian variety gets the best of both worlds: low rates of long-term unemployment, high rates of labour participation, lower degree of inequality, together with relatively high levels of employment protection. Low rates of long-term unemployment and high levels of labour participation are also produced by the far-Eastern Asian variety, but at the cost of a markedly dualistic labour market structure.
2013-03-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44752/1/MPRA_paper_44752.pdf
Chilosi, Alberto (2013): Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:46006
2019-09-28T06:05:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3136
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46006/
Gender effect in explaining the mobility patterns in the labor market: a Case study from Turkey
Eryar, Değer
Tekgüç, Hasan
J16 - Economics of Gender ; Non-labor Discrimination
J60 - General
J62 - Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility
This paper examines the importance of gender on different job mobility patterns using an extensive household survey data from İzmir, third largest city in Turkey. The determinants of job-to-job and job-to-non-employment transitions are analyzed with the help of a multinomial logit estimation method. The results indicate that there is a distinction regarding the probability of job mobility patterns based on gender. It is more likely for women to be engaged in job-to-non-employment transition, whereas men tend to switch jobs more often. Although gender plays a significant role regarding job mobility patterns, traditionally imposed social constraints associated with childcare and household duties provide us with mixed results considering the behavior of women in the job market. On the other hand, having high-paid and secure jobs decreases the probability of both patterns of job mobility.
2013-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46006/2/izmirjob_4.4.2013.pdf
Eryar, Değer and Tekgüç, Hasan (2013): Gender effect in explaining the mobility patterns in the labor market: a Case study from Turkey.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:46880
2019-09-27T07:06:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3131
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46880/
India’s demographic dividend: opportunities and threats
Majumder, Rajarshi
I28 - Government Policy
J11 - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
J60 - General
Demographic transition creates a small window for countries to leverage their demographic dividend and leapfrog to a higher level of income-employment situation. This opportunity comes in the middle stage of demographic transition when the population pyramid shows signs of maturity and bulges in the middle, indicating a relatively larger share of youth or working age persons in total population, and hence a low dependency ratio. Consequently, countries can engage this human resource to augment its productive capacity. If sensibly utilised, this can raise per capita income level dramatically – pulling up the country to a substantially higher plane of living standards. However, the efforts will fall flat if this group of youth, on which so much depends, are not productive enough to enhance output significantly. Often questions are raised about the employability of the youth because of their inadequate education, training, and market ready skill and if the youth are not absorbed meaningfully into the workforce and are productive enough, this demographic dividend will turn into a demographic nightmare. Huge youth unemployment is the surest way to social tension, unrest, and unlawful activities. Hence to understand India’s readiness in this aspect we must look at the issue of education, skill formation and employment among youth in India. In this overview paper we find that current skill/training situation of youth in India is inadequate. Surplus and shortage coexists in the labour market indicating serious mismatch between supply and demand. There is an urgent need to relook at human resource development pattern in the country. It appears that a socioeconomic crisis is looming large and demographic opportunities will turn to threat unless intervened immediately.
2013-04-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46880/1/MPRA_paper_46880.pdf
Majumder, Rajarshi (2013): India’s demographic dividend: opportunities and threats.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:46881
2019-09-27T05:56:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46881/
Unemployment among educated youth: implications for India’s demographic dividend
Majumder, Rajarshi
I28 - Government Policy
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J23 - Labor Demand
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
Researchers claim that India is poised for reaping demographic dividend and leapfrog to a higher level of income-employment situation utlising the relatively larger share of youth or working age persons in total population. However, the outcome depends on the contribution of youth to national product. India at present suffers from remarkably high educated unemployment and questions are also raised about the employability of the youth because of their inadequate education, training, and market ready skill. Huge youth unemployment, especially educated unemployment is the surest way to social tension, unrest, and unlawful activities turning the demographic dividend into a demographic nightmare. In this paper we look at the issue of education, skill formation and unemployment among youth in India, focusing specially on educated unemployment. We find that current skill/training situation of youth in India is inadequate. Surplus and shortage coexists in the labour market indicating serious mismatch between supply and demand. There is an urgent need to relook at human resource development strategies in the country. Regional analysis suggests presence of both demand scarcity and excess supply of educated youth in the labour market.
2013-05-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46881/1/MPRA_paper_46881.pdf
Majumder, Rajarshi (2013): Unemployment among educated youth: implications for India’s demographic dividend.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:47771
2019-09-26T12:26:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433131
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47771/
Labour Market Dynamics in Australia
Wesselbaum, Dennis
C11 - Bayesian Analysis: General
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
This paper estimates a stylized search and matching model on data for Australia covering the period 1978-2008. Using Bayesian methods we find that the model does a fairly good job
in replicating the data. Surprisingly, we find a large value for the worker’s bargaining power and low vacancy posting costs. The model generates a strong Beveridge curve and matches the standard deviations of all variables but vacancies. We identify technology and separation shocks to be the main driver of fluctuations.
2013
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47771/1/MPRA_paper_47771.pdf
Wesselbaum, Dennis (2013): Labour Market Dynamics in Australia.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:47786
2019-09-28T13:12:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D50:5031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47786/
Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism
Chilosi, Alberto
J60 - General
P1 - Capitalist Systems
This paper considers how the different varieties of capitalism affect the rate of long-term unemployment. The liberal market variety, where employment protection is the lowest, presents lower rates of long-term unemployment than the continental European and the Mediterranean varieties. In the latter both employment protection and long-term unemployment are the highest and labour market participation the lowest. The social-democratic Scandinavian variety gets the best of both worlds: low rates of long-term unemployment, high rates of labour participation, lower degree of inequality, with relatively high levels of employment protection. However the Scandinavian model may be hardly applicable in countries, such as the Mediterranean ones, where a sizable part of public opinion adheres to the three standard economic fallacies that are described in the appendix. Low rates of long-term unemployment and high levels of labour participation are also produced by the far-Eastern Asian variety, but at the cost of a markedly dualistic labour market structure.
2013-03-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47786/1/MPRA_paper_47786.pdf
Chilosi, Alberto (2013): Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:48927
2019-09-29T14:42:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3336
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/48927/
O BRASIL E A NOVA CLASSE MÉDIA DOS ANOS 2000
Quadros, Waldir
Antunes, Davi
Gimenez, Denis
J40 - General
J60 - General
N36 - Latin America ; Caribbean
O objetivo do trabalho é analisar as mudanças recentes desta estrutura e a emergência de uma nova classe média no Brasil dos anos 2000, denominada correntemente como “classe C”.
The aim of this work is to analyze the recent changes of this structure and the emergence of a new middle class in Brazil of the years 2000, commonly denominated like "class C".
2012-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/48927/1/MPRA_paper_48927.pdf
Quadros, Waldir and Antunes, Davi and Gimenez, Denis (2012): O BRASIL E A NOVA CLASSE MÉDIA DOS ANOS 2000. Published in: Carta Social e do Trabalho No. 20 (October 2012): pp. 2-11.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:49377
2019-10-04T17:16:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443032
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453032
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453236
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463030
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
7375626A656374733D48:4831:483130
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483330
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483430
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483530
7375626A656374733D49:4932
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3730
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3230
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C35:4C3530
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D52:5230
7375626A656374733D52:5231
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49377/
African Jobless Growth Morphology:Vulnerabilities and Policy Responses
NWAOBI, GODWIN
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
E02 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
E26 - Informal Economy ; Underground Economy
F00 - General
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
H10 - General
H30 - General
H40 - General
H50 - General
I2 - Education and Research Institutions
I30 - General
J0 - General
J20 - General
J30 - General
J40 - General
J5 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
J60 - General
J7 - Labor Discrimination
J70 - General
J8 - Labor Standards: National and International
K31 - Labor Law
L20 - General
L30 - General
L50 - General
M5 - Personnel Economics
O1 - Economic Development
R0 - General
R1 - General Regional Economics
Z18 - Public Policy
As by product of economic growth, jobs are indeed transformational. In other words, efficiency increases as workers get better at what they do (as more productive jobs appear and less productive one disappear). In fact societies flourish as jobs bring together people from different ethnic and social backgrounds while providing alternatives to conflict. Unfortunately, in many African countries, unemployment rates are low and growth is seldom jobless. Regrettably, most of the poor work long hours and cannot make ends meet while the violation of basic human rights is not uncommon. Again, youth unemployment and unmet job expectations are alarming. Consequently, this paper provides a framework that cuts across sectors and shows that the best policy responses vary across African countries (depending on their levels of development, endowments, demography and institutions). Thus, at all stages of development, forcing economic production to spread evenly across areas is both elusive and expensive. Policy makers should therefore identify and execute strategies that balance development outcomes across areas by means of domestic integration instruments. However, in places where integration is hardest, the policy response should be comprehensively total: institutions that unite, infrastructure that connects, interventions that target, incentives that motivate as well as information and communication technologies that enables or drives.
2013-08-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49377/1/MPRA_paper_49377.pdf
NWAOBI, GODWIN (2013): African Jobless Growth Morphology:Vulnerabilities and Policy Responses.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:52462
2019-10-03T08:22:18Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D43:4332
7375626A656374733D43:4333
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/52462/
New Zealand Labour Market Dynamics Pre- and post-global financial crisis
Razzak, Weshah
C2 - Single Equation Models ; Single Variables
C3 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models ; Multiple Variables
J60 - General
A persistent increase in the unemployment rate ignites speculations about whether the changes to unemployment are structural or cyclical. The New Zealand economy has been through major restructuring since the mid-1980s. The labour market’s institutional changes were the last in the sequence of these reforms. As reforms began to take effect and expectations adjusted, unemployment in New Zealand has declined steadily and persistently since 1993-1994. Along the way, however, transitory increases in unemployment occurred. Major increases occurred after the Asian financial crisis and the global financial crisis with similar dynamics.
2013-12-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/52462/1/MPRA_paper_52462.pdf
Razzak, Weshah (2013): New Zealand Labour Market Dynamics Pre- and post-global financial crisis. Forthcoming in: New Zealand Treasury Working Papers (2014)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:54989
2019-09-26T09:13:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54989/
Employment and unemployment: North and South. Notes for a global development agenda for the 1990s.
Singh, Ajit
Zammit, Ann
F0 - General
J40 - General
J60 - General
O1 - Economic Development
Abstract
The notes were originally prepared for the South Centre (the successor to the South Commission) as its contribution to a development agenda for the UN for the 1990s. The notes suggest employment as the central focus of the new development agenda for the global community.
1994-09-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54989/1/MPRA_paper_54989.pdf
Singh, Ajit and Zammit, Ann (1994): Employment and unemployment: North and South. Notes for a global development agenda for the 1990s. Published in: Book Chapter in Grieve-Smith, J. and Michie, J. (eds.), Managing the Global Economy, Oxford University Press (1995): pp. 93-110.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:55508
2019-10-01T19:22:11Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55508/
Net Job Creation in the US Economy: Lessons from Monthly Data, 1950-2011
Abo-Zaid, Salem
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J60 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
This paper studies the monthly net job creation (NJC) at the aggregate and the sectoral levels in the U.S. over the period 1950-2011. The paper has few important findings. First, NJC did not show a significant trend over the last six decades, which led to a fall in the NJC rate. Second, NJC was very volatile and it could change course even in the span of one month. Third, there was no clear pattern about the co-movement between NJC and the change in the unemployment rate. Fourth, the averages of total NJC and private NJC since late 2010 were significantly higher than their respective historical averages and the volatility in NJC since the end of the Great Recession was not unusual by historical standards. Fifth, while the evidence about the effects of the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on employment is inconclusive, some sectors appeared to benefit from it. Finally, the most frequent drop in the unemployment rate was by 0.1 percent, and drops of more than 0.2 percent should not be highly expected.
2014-04-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55508/1/MPRA_paper_55508.pdf
Abo-Zaid, Salem (2014): Net Job Creation in the US Economy: Lessons from Monthly Data, 1950-2011. Published in: Applied Economics , Vol. 46, No. 22 (15 April 2014): pp. 2623-2638.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:55788
2019-10-10T13:36:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3730
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55788/
Employment status and perceived health condition: longitudinal data from Italy
Minelli, Liliana
Pigini, Claudia
Chiavarini, Manuela
Bartolucci, Francesco
I10 - General
J60 - General
J70 - General
The considerable increase of non-standard labor contracts, unemployment and inactivity rates raises the question of whether job insecurity and the lack of job opportunities
affect physical and mental well-being differently from being employed with an open-ended contract. In this paper we offer evidence on the relationship between Self Reported Health Status (SRHS) and the employment status in Italy using the Survey on Household Income and Wealth; another aim is to investigate whether these potential inequalities have changed with the recent economic downturn (time period 2006-2010).
We estimate an ordered logit model with SRHS as response variable based on a fixed-effects approach which has certain advantages with respect to the random-effects
formulation and has not been applied before with SRHS data. The fixed-effects nature of the model also allows us to solve the problems of incidental parameters and non-random
selection of individuals into different labor market categories.
We find that temporary workers, unemployed and inactive individuals are worse off than permanent employees, especially males, young workers, and those living in the center and south of Italy.
Health inequalities between unemployed/inactive and permanent workers widen over time for males and young workers, and arise in the north of the country as well.
2014-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55788/1/MPRA_paper_55788.pdf
Minelli, Liliana and Pigini, Claudia and Chiavarini, Manuela and Bartolucci, Francesco (2014): Employment status and perceived health condition: longitudinal data from Italy.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:55849
2019-09-26T09:37:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473233
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483332
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483433
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483532
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483533
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483831
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493232
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493235
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55849/
Fixing Europe's youth unemployment and skills mismatch, can public financial support to SMEs be effective? The case of the European Commission and European Investment Bank joint initiatives.
Floreani, Vincent Arthur
G23 - Non-bank Financial Institutions ; Financial Instruments ; Institutional Investors
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
H32 - Firm
H43 - Project Evaluation ; Social Discount Rate
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
H81 - Governmental Loans ; Loan Guarantees ; Credits ; Grants ; Bailouts
I22 - Educational Finance ; Financial Aid
I25 - Education and Economic Development
I28 - Government Policy
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
J60 - General
J68 - Public Policy
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
“We risk having a generation that hasn’t held a job. Personal dignity comes from working [...] Young people are in a crisis".
Pope Francis - July the 22nd, 2013.
Youth unemployment is a critical issue across the European Union with 5.5 million people unemployed among the 18-24 years age group (23.3% unemployment rate). Evidence reveals that youth unemployment in the EU mainly arises from two sources. Firstly, young people lack some of the relevant skills for the labor market.Secondly, firms’ ability to hire them is challenged by a constrained access to finance. In reaction, European leaders have implemented “offensive” programs (F. Hollande). Among them, leading initiatives sponsored by the European Commission(EC) and the European Investment Bank (EIB), aim to provide subsidized loans to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) for hiring and training young people. This approach seems relevant and sustainable as it addresses the two sources of youth unemployment and ought to combine jobs opportunities with skills development. This thesis assesses the relevance and scope for effectiveness of concessional loans provision to SMEs as a strategy to bolster youth employment and training opportunities.Starting with a comprehensive analysis of the EU youth unemployment, it outlines the rationale for a public intervention supporting SMEs based vocational training programs for youth. In addition, it exposes the main instruments mobilized in this field by the EU institutions. Through a deep demand-driven firm level and regional analysis, it determines both the needs and expected returns of such initiatives.Eventually, these results associated with a review of some successful case studies, set out the most effective programmatic, policy and financing intervention types, which ought to be scaled up within the EU.
2014-02-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55849/1/MPRA_paper_55849.pdf
Floreani, Vincent Arthur (2014): Fixing Europe's youth unemployment and skills mismatch, can public financial support to SMEs be effective? The case of the European Commission and European Investment Bank joint initiatives.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:55933
2019-09-26T08:45:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55933/
Labor Movement and Economic Contribution : Evidence from Europe
durongkaveroj, wannaphong
Roongsaprangsee, chamaiporn
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
J60 - General
O53 - Asia including Middle East
A movement of labor across sectors is the familiar scenario in every country. Labor generally moves from relatively low-paid sector to relatively high-paid sector. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of a change in employment in agricultural, industrial, and service sector on economic performance through panel data analysis. The result reveals that only a movement in industrial sector positively contributes to the economy which leads to the integrated policy aimed at improving the condition in manufacturing sector.
2014-05-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55933/1/MPRA_paper_55933.pdf
durongkaveroj, wannaphong and Roongsaprangsee, chamaiporn (2014): Labor Movement and Economic Contribution : Evidence from Europe.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:56680
2019-10-10T12:38:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D50:5031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56680/
Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism
Chilosi, Alberto
J60 - General
P1 - Capitalist Systems
Usually, when the attention is focused on the different performances of the labour market, the overall rate of unemployment is at the center stage. But this is misleading: while short term unemployment can be seen as physiological for the the working of the labour market, long-term unemployment is certainly pathological. The paper considers how the different varieties of capitalism affect the rate of long-term unemployment, rather than the aggregate rate. The liberal market variety, where employment protection is the lowest, presents lower rates of long-term unemployment than the continental European and the Mediterranean varieties. In the latter both employment protection and long-term unemployment are the highest and labour market participation the lowest. The social-democratic Scandinavian variety gets the best of both worlds: low rates of long-term unemployment, high rates of labour participation, lower degree of inequality, with relatively high levels of employment protection. However the Scandinavian model may be hardly applicable in countries, such as the Mediterranean ones, where a sizable part of public opinion apparently adheres to the various specifications of the “lump of something” economic fallacy. Low rates of long-term unemployment and high levels of labour participation are also produced by the far-Eastern Asian variety, but at the cost of a markedly dualistic labour market structure.
2013-03-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56680/1/MPRA_paper_56680.pdf
Chilosi, Alberto (2013): Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:57546
2019-10-02T12:56:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453631
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463334
7375626A656374733D48:4836:483631
7375626A656374733D48:4836:483633
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/57546/
L’economia italiana e la crisi globale: crescita, disoccupazione e debito pubblico
Schilirò, Daniele
E61 - Policy Objectives ; Policy Designs and Consistency ; Policy Coordination
F34 - International Lending and Debt Problems
H61 - Budget ; Budget Systems
H63 - Debt ; Debt Management ; Sovereign Debt
J20 - General
J60 - General
O30 - General
O40 - General
O43 - Institutions and Growth
The paper analyzes the problems of low growth, unemployment, especially youth unemployment, and high public debt afflicting the Italian economy even before the global financial crisis. These problems certainly have worsened as a result of the crisis itself. The aim of the present work is to formulate some economic policy proposals to try to overcome this difficult situation of crisis where the Italian economy now stands.
2010-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/57546/1/MPRA_paper_57546.pdf
Schilirò, Daniele (2010): L’economia italiana e la crisi globale: crescita, disoccupazione e debito pubblico.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:57841
2019-09-27T05:13:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/57841/
Economic Growth and Jobs Creation in Morocco: Overall and Sectors’ Analysis
Ezzahidi, Elhadj
El Alaoui, Aicha
E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
Employment is linked to growth at least in the long-run. Thus, to reduce structurally unemployment it is necessary to boost growth. Thus, any strategy seeking to reduce unemployment must be devised with a good knowledge of the growth content in terms of jobs. In this paper, we use Okun’s law, arc point elasticity, and a simple econometric model to assess the intensity of the links between economic growth and (un)employment in Morocco. Okun’s law provides evidence that economic growth in Morocco is linked with a reduction of the unemployment rate. The sectors intensities to create jobs are very different and provide unsystematic results. Using an average measure of elasticity over the period 1999-2009, we find that many sectors were net losers of jobs. The overall growth-elasticity of employment is positive but low.
2014-02-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/57841/3/MPRA_paper_57841.pdf
Ezzahidi, Elhadj and El Alaoui, Aicha (2014): Economic Growth and Jobs Creation in Morocco: Overall and Sectors’ Analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:58553
2019-10-04T19:59:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D50:5031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/58553/
Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism
Chilosi, Alberto
J60 - General
P1 - Capitalist Systems
Usually, when the attention is focused on the different performances of the labour market, the overall rate of unemployment is at the center stage. But this is misleading: while short term unemployment can be seen as physiological for the the working of the labour market, long-term unemployment is certainly pathological. The paper considers how the different varieties of capitalism affect the rate of long-term unemployment, rather than the aggregate rate. The liberal market variety, where employment protection is the lowest, presents lower rates of long-term unemployment than the continental European and the Mediterranean varieties. In the latter both employment protection and long-term unemployment are the highest and labour market participation the lowest. The social-democratic Scandinavian variety gets the best of both worlds: low rates of long-term unemployment, high rates of labour participation, lower degree of inequality, with relatively high levels of employment protection. However the Scandinavian model may be hardly applicable in countries, such as the Mediterranean ones, where a sizable part of public opinion apparently adheres to the various specifications of the “lump of something” economic fallacy. Low rates of long-term unemployment and high levels of labour participation are also produced by the far-Eastern Asian variety, but at the cost of a markedly dualistic labour market structure.
2013-03-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/58553/1/MPRA_paper_58553.pdf
Chilosi, Alberto (2013): Long-term unemployment in the varieties of capitalism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:58767
2019-10-06T01:07:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/58767/
Heterogeneity in the Importance of English-Speaking Ability in Determination of Employment Status by Demographic Subgroups in the United States
Afful, Efua Amoonua
J60 - General
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
Previous literature indicates that language skills are an important determinant of success in the labor market. Using data from the 2012 American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year sample, this paper shows that there is heterogeneity in the importance of English-speaking ability by gender, race and education. I find that improvement in proficiency generates higher employment benefits for females than males possibly due to the industry distribution of employment by gender. Women and Asians are more likely to be employed at each successively higher level of speaking proficiency with diminishing returns. Enhancement of proficiency increases the odds of employment to a certain degree, beyond which the odds fall for males, Whites, Blacks, other races and individuals with high school education or less. Among individuals with high school education or less, the odds of employment are very low irrespective of level of language proficiency. Individuals with some college but no degree or higher experience consistent increases in odds of employment as English-speaking ability improves. For proficiency in speaking English to yield substantial employment benefits, one must attain moderate to high educational qualifications.
2013-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/58767/1/MPRA_paper_58767.pdf
Afful, Efua Amoonua (2013): Heterogeneity in the Importance of English-Speaking Ability in Determination of Employment Status by Demographic Subgroups in the United States.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:59048
2019-09-30T17:16:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/59048/
Heterogeneity in the Importance of English-Speaking Ability in Determination of Employment Status by Demographic Subgroups in the United States
Afful, Efua Amoonua
J60 - General
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
Previous literature indicates that language skills are an important determinant of success in the labor market. Using data from the 2012 American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year sample with individual weights in logit estimation, this paper shows that there is heterogeneity in the importance of English-speaking ability by gender, race and education. First, improvement in speaking proficiency in English increases the odds of employment to a point, beyond which there are no additional benefits. Second, females obtain higher benefits than males from enhancing proficiency partly due to the industry distribution of employment by gender. Finally, for proficiency in speaking English to yield substantial employment benefits, one must attain moderate to high educational qualifications. Language remains important as a determinant of success in the labor market.
2013-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/59048/1/MPRA_paper_59048.pdf
Afful, Efua Amoonua (2013): Heterogeneity in the Importance of English-Speaking Ability in Determination of Employment Status by Demographic Subgroups in the United States.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:59611
2019-10-06T04:31:42Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3334
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/59611/
Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del lavoro italiano alla luce della ricostruzione delle serie storiche territoriali per il mercato del lavoro, 1861-2011.
Destefanis, Sergio
J30 - General
J60 - General
N34 - Europe: 1913-
O52 - Europe
This note is intended to provide an initial assessment of the potentialities of the data reconstruction work, relating to labour market series, carried out as part of the SVIMEZ volume for the Sesquicentennial of the Unification of Italy. To this end, we develop some considerations on a key feature of the Italian labour market, its dualism. Then we identify and illustrate some salient developments occurred over the last thirty years: the increasing importance of tertiary employment and of female labour force. We describe finally some features of the reconstructed statistics for wages, unemployment, vacancies and employment and assess the impact of structural changes on dualism. The actual methods of data reconstruction are described in the Appendix.
2012-03-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/59611/1/MPRA_paper_59611.pdf
Destefanis, Sergio (2012): Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del lavoro italiano alla luce della ricostruzione delle serie storiche territoriali per il mercato del lavoro, 1861-2011. Published in: Quaderni SVIMEZ No. 31 (2012): pp. 513-533.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:59764
2019-09-27T06:29:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/59764/
Wage Inequality and Wage Mobility in Turkey
Tansel, Aysit
Dalgıç, Başak
Güven, Aytekin
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J60 - General
This paper investigates wage inequality and wage mobility in Turkey using the Surveys on Income and Living Conditions (SILC). This is the first paper that explores wage mobility for Turkey. It differs from the existing literature by providing analyses of wage inequality and wage mobility over various socioeconomic groups such as gender, age, education and sector of economic activity. We first present an overview of the evolution of wages and wage inequality over the period 2005-2011. Next, we compute several measures of wage mobility and explore the link between wage inequality and wage mobility. Further, we compute the transition matrices which show movements of individuals across the wage distribution from one period to another and investigate the determinants of transition probabilities using a multinomial logit model. The results show that overall the real wages increased over the study period and wage inequality exhibits a slight increase.. Wage inequality is one of the highest among the European Union (EU) countries. The wage mobility in Turkey is lower than what is observed in the European Union countries although it increases as time horizon expands. Wage mobility has an equalizing impact on the wage distribution, however; this impact is not substantial enough to overcome the high and persistent wage inequality in Turkey.
2014-11-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/59764/8/MPRA_paper_59764.pdf
Tansel, Aysit and Dalgıç, Başak and Güven, Aytekin (2014): Wage Inequality and Wage Mobility in Turkey.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:61505
2019-09-26T10:30:13Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61505/
Brain Drain from Central and Eastern Europe
Bobeva, Daniela
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
When communism collapsed many feared that the resulting 'brain drain' would both
cripple the economies of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and finally result in
a flow of scientific and technical expertise into undesirable weapon development.
A collaborative survey carried out in ten Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries,
however, has revealed that the brain drain was much less serious than once feared. It also
shows that the EU programmes supporting science in Central and Eastern Europe have
the potential to contribute towards greater stability and to encourage scientists to remain
in their home institutes.
Social scientists recognized the need to help the former communist states through their
inevitable period of transition and instability As an initial step, the BRAIN-DRAIN
project was set up to monitor and analyze the movement of scientific staff in and from ten
former communist countries. Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia,
Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia.
The objectives were
to study the loss of academic staff from academies of science, universities and
research institutes;
to distinguish between academic groups which were more or less inclined to
migrate according to professional areas of interest, age, ethnic background,
level of qualification; and
to collect information about working conditions and other motivations for
leaving or staying.
The project was financed by the European Commission and carried out within the
framework of COST.
The present publication contains a synthesis report on the studies carried out in the
different countries as well as summary reports from the countries which participated in the
project. Though the reports are different in size and structure, they still give a valuable
overview on the situation of emigration and brain drain after the political and economic
changes in Central and Eastern Europe.
1997
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61505/1/MPRA_paper_61505.pdf
Bobeva, Daniela (1997): Brain Drain from Central and Eastern Europe. Published in: (1997)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:62614
2019-09-28T16:34:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3334
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62614/
Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del lavoro italiano alla luce della ricostruzione delle serie storiche territoriali per il mercato del lavoro, 1861-2011.
Destefanis, Sergio
J30 - General
J60 - General
N34 - Europe: 1913-
O52 - Europe
This note is intended to provide an initial assessment of the potentialities of the data reconstruction work, relating to labour market series, carried out as part of the SVIMEZ volume for the Sesquicentennial of the Unification of Italy. To this end, we develop some considerations on a key feature of the Italian labour market, its dualism. Then we identify and illustrate some salient developments occurred over the last thirty years: the increasing importance of tertiary employment and of female labour force. We describe finally some features of the reconstructed statistics for wages, unemployment, vacancies and employment and assess the impact of structural changes on dualism. The actual methods of data reconstruction are described in the Appendix.
2012-03-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62614/8/MPRA_paper_62614.pdf
Destefanis, Sergio (2012): Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del lavoro italiano alla luce della ricostruzione delle serie storiche territoriali per il mercato del lavoro, 1861-2011. Published in: Quaderni SVIMEZ No. 31 (2012): pp. 513-533.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:64032
2019-09-26T08:52:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3338
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3635
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/64032/
A case of ritual compliance? The role of European Structural Funds in the shaping of the Greek employment policy (1995‐2008)
Ioannidis, Yiorgos
H00 - General
J00 - General
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J30 - General
J38 - Public Policy
J60 - General
J65 - Unemployment Insurance ; Severance Pay ; Plant Closings
J68 - Public Policy
The relation of the Greek employment policy to the European one, as it was formulated within EES and the Lisbon strategy, was a particular one. The Greek employment policy fully adopted the form, the structure and the discourse of the EES but it was only marginally influenced by the “way of doing things.” The compliance of the Greek employment policy with the European guidelines for employment was primarily aimed at ensuring the precious flow of the European resources, and only secondarily at improving the effectiveness of the
implemented policies. In that sense, the case of Greece, can be described as a case of “ritual compliance”; that is an adherence to the form rather than to the substance of the matter, a practice whose main objective is the unobstructed flow of European funding
2014
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/64032/1/MPRA_paper_64032.pdf
Ioannidis, Yiorgos (2014): A case of ritual compliance? The role of European Structural Funds in the shaping of the Greek employment policy (1995‐2008).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:64767
2019-09-28T22:17:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3136
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/64767/
The Effects of Labor Market Reforms on the Labor Market Dynamics in Turkey
Cilasun, Seyit Mumin
Acar, Elif Oznur
Gunalp, Burak
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J16 - Economics of Gender ; Non-labor Discrimination
J60 - General
The global economic crisis of 2008 had great repercussions on labor markets around the world. In order to mitigate the adverse effects of the crisis on employment, Turkey introduced a number of measures in the last quarter of 2008 and during the first half of 2009, such as a general reduction of social security contributions, targeted reductions for hiring youth and women, an increase in unemployment insurance payments and a more active use of the short-time working compensation program. Using the Income and Living Conditions Survey panel data for 2006-2010, this study aims at examining the role of labor market reforms in shaping the labor market performance in Turkey. To this end, we compute the Markov transition probabilities of individuals moving across three different labor market states: employment, unemployment and not in labor force. The results of the study reveal that the policy measures, in general, helped in alleviating the adverse effects of the crisis on the Turkish labor markets. The measures specifically targeting youth and women were effective in promoting the employment of these disadvantaged groups, the beneficial effects being more pronounced for women. However, the results show that after the coverage of these measures was broadened to include all workers, the advantage of young and female workers disappeared. Finally, the transition probabilities calculated for different education groups reveal that the probability of remaining in employment increases significantly with education.
2015-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/64767/1/MPRA_paper_64767.pdf
Cilasun, Seyit Mumin and Acar, Elif Oznur and Gunalp, Burak (2015): The Effects of Labor Market Reforms on the Labor Market Dynamics in Turkey.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:66041
2019-09-28T18:04:36Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453032
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/66041/
Determinants of unemployment in CEE-10 economies: the role of labour market institutions and the macroeconomic environment in 2002–2012
Pesliakaite, Jurgita
E02 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
J60 - General
The view that an institutional structure causes rigidities of the labour market is broadly accepted by policy makers. This assessment is conventionally based on unemployment theories that establish a linkage between labour market institutions and unemployment in the long run. Empirical research engages in investigation if the theoretical link between unemployment and labour market institutions could be proved to prevail. This paper provides an econometric analysis of determinants of unemployment in the long run in a set of Central and Eastern European countries for the period of 2002–2012. The evidence that institutional structure cause rigidities of the labour market and have direct effects on unemployment rate in these economies is found in this study. A set of non-structural indicators, accounted by macroeconomic shocks, also prove to have effects on the labour market outcomes. From a policy making perspective such implications suggest that structural labour market reforms and increases in the overall labour market flexibility in these economies is required to bring unemployment rates down.
2015-08-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/66041/1/MPRA_paper_66041.pdf
Pesliakaite, Jurgita (2015): Determinants of unemployment in CEE-10 economies: the role of labour market institutions and the macroeconomic environment in 2002–2012.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:67763
2019-10-05T17:30:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67763/
Municipalità, lavoro, sviluppo: il contributo dell'Amministrazione comunale di Muggiò per favorire la mobilità e l'occupazione
Suppa, Alberto
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
H70 - General
J60 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J68 - Public Policy
A14 - Sociology of Economics
The paper put his attention on the active economic role of a local institution of Northern Italy against the unemployment and the economic crisis during the 2008. The experience shows the importance of cooperation beetween the municipal Administration, the local unions and the most important enterprises of the place. These relationships make possible the creation of opportunities for workers, enterprises, families, in order to fight unemployment enforcing the local social welfare.
2009-05-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67763/1/MPRA_paper_18889.pdf
Suppa, Alberto (2009): Municipalità, lavoro, sviluppo: il contributo dell'Amministrazione comunale di Muggiò per favorire la mobilità e l'occupazione. Published in: Sviluppo Brianza - I libri della Brianza , Vol. 8, (November 2009): pp. 56-70.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:69143
2019-09-29T16:09:37Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/69143/
Crime and Unemployment in Greece: Evidence Before and During the Crisis
Laliotis, Ioannis
J60 - General
K40 - General
This paper explores the relationship between unemployment and crime in Greece before and during the crisis using panel data at the regional level for the period 1999-2013. The results indicate the operation of a positive relationship between specific crime categories and male unemployment only during the crisis, a weaker effect of long term unemployment only on the total criminal activity and they reveal the existence of significant dynamics.
2015-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/69143/1/MPRA_paper_69143.pdf
Laliotis, Ioannis (2015): Crime and Unemployment in Greece: Evidence Before and During the Crisis. Forthcoming in: Economics and Business Letters , Vol. 5, No. 1
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:69190
2019-09-26T10:12:01Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/69190/
The Impact of GDP Structure on the Stability of Okun's Law in Lithuania
Pesliakaite, Jurgita
J00 - General
J60 - General
This paper provides evidence that the extent to which unemployment rate in Lithuania reacts to the fluctuations in GDP depends on the compositional characteristics of GDP growth. Decomposing GDP growth rate by expenditure approach and estimating simple version of Okun’s law, the evidence provided in this paper points towards the conclusion that the GDP growth driven by labour-intense private consumption contributes the most to a change in the unemployment rate. The elasticity of the unemployment rate to capital-intense exports is generally much lower as compared to the elasticity to the domestic demand components. These conclusions are to a large extent confirmed by the estimates obtained by regressing unemployment on GDP growth disaggregated by production approach. Services, agriculture and especially construction – labour-intense production sectors – contribute much more to change in unemployment as compared to manufacturing, the sector characterised by capital-intensity. Referring to the previous studies, these results provide one possible explanation of the unstable and time-varying relationship between the unemployment rate and fluctuations in GDP in Lithuania.
2015
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/69190/1/MPRA_paper_69190.pdf
Pesliakaite, Jurgita (2015): The Impact of GDP Structure on the Stability of Okun's Law in Lithuania. Published in: Monetary Studies , Vol. 17-19, No. No 2 2015 (December 2015): pp. 88-94.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:73979
2019-09-30T06:44:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3334
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/73979/
Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del lavoro italiano alla luce della ricostruzione delle serie storiche territoriali per il mercato del lavoro, 1861-2011.
Destefanis, Sergio
J30 - General
J60 - General
N34 - Europe: 1913-
O52 - Europe
This note is intended to provide an initial assessment of the potentialities of the data reconstruction work, relating to labour market series, carried out as part of the SVIMEZ volume for the Sesquicentennial of the Unification of Italy. To this end, we develop some considerations on a key feature of the Italian labour market, its dualism. Then we identify and illustrate some salient developments occurred over the last thirty years: the increasing importance of tertiary employment and of female labour force. We describe finally some features of the reconstructed statistics for wages, unemployment, vacancies and employment and assess the impact of structural changes on dualism. The actual methods of data reconstruction are described in the Appendix.
2012-03-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/73979/16/MPRA_paper_73979.pdf
Destefanis, Sergio (2012): Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del lavoro italiano alla luce della ricostruzione delle serie storiche territoriali per il mercato del lavoro, 1861-2011. Published in: Quaderni SVIMEZ No. 31 (7 December 2012): pp. 513-533.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:77773
2019-09-26T08:12:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433130
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/77773/
Türkiye'de Büyüme ve İşsizlik
Turan, Güngör
C10 - General
E0 - General
E00 - General
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
In this empirical paper, the long-run relations between growth and unemployment in Turkey has been tested. ARDL bound test which is a long-term co-integration test has been used based on Turkish real gross domestic product and the number of unemployed time series in 1962-2014. The results of bound test conclude that there is no evidence of a long-run relationship between growth and unemployment in Turkey. This empirical study to some extent supports the availability of "jobless" growth notion which has been debated in Turkey.
2015-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/77773/1/MPRA_paper_77773.pdf
Turan, Güngör (2015): Türkiye'de Büyüme ve İşsizlik. Published in: Çimento İşveren Dergisi , Vol. 29, No. 4 (June 2015): pp. 10-17.
tr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:77873
2019-10-01T17:36:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/77873/
Crises and mortality: Does the level of unemployment matter?
Laliotis, Ioannis
Stavropoulou, Charitini
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
I10 - General
J60 - General
We study whether mortality responds non-linearly and asymmetrically to unemployment in the context of national economic crises. Although both the assumption of linearity and symmetry have been challenged in other domains, this has been hitherto neglected in the mortality-unemployment literature. Greece offers an ideal setting to our study as unemployment had been moderately falling for about a decade till mid-2008 when it sharply and suddenly increased as a result of a severe economic crisis. Contrary to previous literature, our results from regional panel data estimates (1999q1-2013q4) indicate a countercyclical behaviour of total mortality and a further deteriorating crisis effect. We provide robust evidence that mortality is both non-linear and asymmetric, which suggests that the effect on the number of deaths changes for very high values of unemployment and depends on its direction. Both non-linearity and asymmetry are driven by those above 65 years old. Our findings have important methodological implications and suggest that empirical investigations on fluctuations, recessions and mortality should consider possible non-linear and asymmetric behaviours.
2017-03-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/77873/1/MPRA_paper_77873.pdf
Laliotis, Ioannis and Stavropoulou, Charitini (2017): Crises and mortality: Does the level of unemployment matter?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:81558
2019-10-18T15:32:31Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/81558/
Transformações Recentes da Economia Capitalista: Impactos sobre o Mundo do Trabalho nos EUA
Antunes, Davi
J60 - General
N32 - U.S. ; Canada: 1913-
O30 - General
This paper discusses the transformations of the capitalist economy in the last forty years, in order to present the origins of the changes of great depth that occurred in the US labor market in the same period. With this introduction, and unlike the traditional analyzes on the subject, emphasis will be placed on technological changes and their impacts on labor in the main sectors of the economy, in order to show the polarization of the labor market and the provision of services in the present day.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/81558/1/MPRA_paper_81558.pdf
Antunes, Davi (2012): Transformações Recentes da Economia Capitalista: Impactos sobre o Mundo do Trabalho nos EUA. Published in: XVII Encontro Nacional de Economia Política No. XVII (2012)
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:82109
2019-09-28T02:39:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453636
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82109/
Eine keynesianische Analyse der Beschäftigungswirkung einer Arbeitszeitverkürzung
Nägele, Johannes
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
E66 - General Outlook and Conditions
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
J23 - Labor Demand
J60 - General
Recently, the debate about the employment effects of a working time reduction regained the public attention in Germany. Heiner Flassbeck and Friederike Spiecker commented that such a reduction of working-time leads to a falling household consumption due to the lower income of the employees while new men are not employed instantly. In the end, the creation of new jobs becomes obsolete as the sales of the companies shrink. Fritz Helmedag criticizes their analysis. He instead comes to the conclusion that it is necessary not only to adjust the wages to the productivity growth but also to reduce the working time by the same amount the productivity grows; otherwise a higher unemployment is implied under stagnating demand.
In this paper it is shown that Helmedag´s analysis suffers from serious analytical inconsistencies. Firstly, his model can be identified as a Keynesian textbook model. For this reason, the relevance for policy conclusions can be seriously doubted. Secondly, the key elements of Flassbeck and Spiecker`s argumentation can be implemented in the model easily. Therefore even within Helmedag´s model the results can differ. Some results can also be attributed to an implicit price stability. Thirdly, the model´s assumptions are highly unrealistic. Furthermore, even basic accounting rules are disregarded as the balance of the primary incomes is missing. This appears to be especially paradox when the core element of Helmedag´s approach is stock-flow consistency.
After this examination of Helmedags work, an alternative Keynesian analysis – although heuristic – is provided. It turns out that a working time reduction can lead to significant positive employment effects. Nevertheless, it depends on the concrete shape of the conduction. Considering the current political landscape, heading towards more fiscal stimulus should be preferred to a reduction of working time.
2017-10-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82109/1/MPRA_paper_82109.pdf
Nägele, Johannes (2017): Eine keynesianische Analyse der Beschäftigungswirkung einer Arbeitszeitverkürzung.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:84609
2019-09-27T10:02:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3635
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/84609/
Inactivity vs. Youth Employment, at regional level A Case Study: ROMANIA
Antonescu, Daniela
Chisăgiu, Livia
J0 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
J65 - Unemployment Insurance ; Severance Pay ; Plant Closings
J68 - Public Policy
In Romania and European Union there are recorded unwanted tendencies among young generation that endanger some of the top priorities of the EU Treaty. The main research questions is, the first, what is the evolution of the phenomenon of early leavers, young unemployment, NEET and employment rate at national and regional level, and secondly, what are the economic and social implications?
The papers will bring into debate the main evolutions on the labor market recorded by the young generation. This could influence the decision factors regarding socio, economic and demographic impact that could be envisioned. The research method is investigation the Eurostat database and NS and processing data with the help of concentration coefficients, graphs and charts of the most relevant results of data processing. In conclusion, the early leavers, young unemployment and NEET phenomena are the main causes for poor employment and, respectively, a threat for the employability, the productivity and economic growth potential.
2016-10-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/84609/1/MPRA_paper_84609.pdf
Antonescu, Daniela and Chisăgiu, Livia (2016): Inactivity vs. Youth Employment, at regional level A Case Study: ROMANIA.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:85067
2020-04-20T09:30:59Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:85440
2019-09-26T11:00:17Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493238
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85440/
Unemployment among educated youth: implications for India’s demographic dividend
Majumder, Rajarshi
Mukherjee, Dipa
I28 - Government Policy
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J23 - Labor Demand
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
Researchers claim that India is poised for reaping demographic dividend and leapfrog to a higher level of income-employment situation utlising the relatively larger share of youth or working age persons in total population. However, the outcome depends on the contribution of youth to national product. India at present suffers from remarkably high educated unemployment and questions are also raised about the employability of the youth because of their inadequate education, training, and market ready skill. Huge youth unemployment, especially educated unemployment is the surest way to social tension, unrest, and unlawful activities turning the demographic dividend into a demographic nightmare. In this paper we look at the issue of education, skill formation and unemployment among youth in India, focusing specially on educated unemployment. We find that current skill/training situation of youth in India is inadequate. Surplus and shortage coexists in the labour market indicating serious mismatch between supply and demand. There is an urgent need to relook at human resource development strategies in the country. Regional analysis suggests presence of both demand scarcity and excess supply of educated youth in the labour market.
2013-05-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85440/8/MPRA_paper_85440.pdf
Majumder, Rajarshi and Mukherjee, Dipa (2013): Unemployment among educated youth: implications for India’s demographic dividend.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:86274
2019-09-27T22:32:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433531
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/86274/
Is it the natural rate or hysteresis hypothesis for unemployment rates in Newly Industrialized Economies?
Nsenga, Dieu
Nach, Mirada
Khobai, Hlalefang
Moyo, Clement
Phiri, Andrew
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J60 - General
The focus of our study is on determining whether unemployment rates in 8 New Industrialized Economies conform to the natural rate hypothesis or the hysteresis hypothesis. To this end, we employ a variety of unit of unit root testing procedures to quarterly data collected between 2002:q1 and 2017:q1. In summary of our findings, conventional unit root tests which neither account for asymmetries or structural breaks produce the most inconclusive results. On the other hand, tests which incorporate structural breaks whilst ignoring asymmetries tends to favour the natural rate hypothesis for our panel of countries. However, simultaneously accounting for asymmetries and unobserved structural breaks seemingly produces the most robust findings and confirms hysteresis in all unemployment rates except for the Asian economies/countries of Thailand and the Philippines.
2018-04-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/86274/1/MPRA_paper_86274.pdf
Nsenga, Dieu and Nach, Mirada and Khobai, Hlalefang and Moyo, Clement and Phiri, Andrew (2018): Is it the natural rate or hysteresis hypothesis for unemployment rates in Newly Industrialized Economies?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:89323
2019-09-26T11:00:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89323/
Why Has India-UK Migration Decreased So Rapidly?
Singhal, Neer
A1 - General Economics
F22 - International Migration
J00 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J60 - General
Net migration in the UK increased from less than 100,000 per year in the early 1990s to over 300,000 in 2006. However, by 2016, the net migration in the UK had dropped to 248,000.
This trend is visible in India-UK migration specifically - immigration from India increased until 2012 but has since declined dramatically. Between 2012 and 2015, the number of Indians emigrating to the UK decreased from 1,500,000 to 325,000 – an average decline of 39.9% per year
There are 3 primary causes that led to this decline in India-UK migration:
1. Increased British government immigration stringency
2. Improved quality of life and standard of living in India
3. Decrease of Indian students in the UK
Firstly, the British government have tried to restrict immigration. They have increased the immigrant wage threshold and initiated the points based system. In this way, they have reduced the number of low skilled workers, making it virtually impossible for low skilled workers to permanently or semi-permanently immigrate.
Improvements in India, both in the workplace and in general well-being, have led to a decrease in Indian emigrants migrating to the UK. Unemployment rates in India are low and phenomena such as the ‘reverse brain drain’ suggest India may be on the verge of rapid productivity and employment opportunities.
Finally, the number of International students in the UK has dropped below the number of immigrant workers. This is because the government has made it more difficult for international students to study in the UK. Furthermore, the rapidly increasing range of countries that are welcoming international students has resulted in the movement of Indian students across the world rather than just the UK and US.
2018-04-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89323/1/MPRA_paper_89323.pdf
Singhal, Neer (2018): Why Has India-UK Migration Decreased So Rapidly?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:89890
2019-09-26T19:06:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433539
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89890/
Interpreting sufficiency in fsQCA: A reply to Marques and Salavisa (2017)
Flechtner, Svenja
Heinrich, Torsten
C59 - Other
J60 - General
Marques and Salavisa (2017) use fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyze age-based labour market dualization in Southern European, Anglo-Saxon and a few Nordic countries. They argue that segmentation at the expense of young outsiders is driven by several factors in non-linear ways: different configurations of deindustrialization, labour market coordination, employment protection, and liberalization can lead to youth outsiderness. We question the validity of their empirical analysis and argue that a more complete interpretation of fsQCA measures of fit does not confirm their conclusions. We use the occasion for a hands-on discussion of how the consistency and PRI scores of the sufficiency solution terms are calculated. A good understanding of these allows the researcher to understand which cases and configurations drive high or low scores, and thus facilitates a better understanding of the results.
2017-07-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89890/1/MPRA_paper_89890.pdf
Flechtner, Svenja and Heinrich, Torsten (2017): Interpreting sufficiency in fsQCA: A reply to Marques and Salavisa (2017).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:91763
2019-09-30T12:53:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/91763/
Sorting On-line and On-time
Banfi, Stefano
Choi, Sekyu
Villena-Roldán, Benjamin
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
J60 - General
Using proprietary data from a Chilean online job board, we find strong, positive assortative matching at the worker-position level, both along observed dimensions and on unobserved characteristics (OLS Mincer residual wages). We also find that this positive assortative matching is robustly procyclical. Since we use information on job applications instead of final matches, we use the generalized deferred-acceptance algorithm to simulate tentative final allocations. Under all considered scenarios for the algorithm, positive assortative matching is preserved from the application stage to the realized matches.
2019-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/91763/1/MPRA_paper_91763.pdf
Banfi, Stefano and Choi, Sekyu and Villena-Roldán, Benjamin (2019): Sorting On-line and On-time.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:94394
2019-09-29T18:23:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443730
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3730
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3731
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3738
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94394/
A Political Economy of Social Discrimination
Dewan, Torun
Wolton, Stephane
D70 - General
J60 - General
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
J70 - General
J71 - Discrimination
J78 - Public Policy
From burqa ban to minaret ban, from right to detain suspected illegal immigrants to restricting the help to migrants, the number of social laws specifically targeting a tiny proportion of citizens has raised in recent years across Western democracies. These symbolic policies, we show, are far from being innocuous: they can have far reaching consequences for large parts of the population. By raising the salience of certain social traits (e.g., Muslim identity) these laws can create a labour market loaded in favor of the majority (e.g., the non-Muslims), yielding higher unemployment rates and spells for minority citizens. These deleterious effects arise even absent any form of bias against, or uncertainty about, minority workers. Instead they are fully driven by social expectations about behavior and are best understood as a form of social discrimination. Importantly, we establish conditions under which a plurality of the citizenry demands the implementation of symbolic policies anticipating their labor market consequences. We further highlight that the implementation of symbolic policies is always associated with less redistribution and can be coupled with lower tax rates. We discuss several policy recommendations to limit the possibility of social discrimination arising.
2019-06-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94394/1/MPRA_paper_94394.pdf
Dewan, Torun and Wolton, Stephane (2019): A Political Economy of Social Discrimination.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:94505
2019-09-30T00:04:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94505/
Learning Through Hiring: Knowledge From New Workers as an Explanation of Endogenous Growth
Kirker, Michael
J60 - General
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O40 - General
This paper develops an endogenous growth model in which the job-to-job transition of workers provides a channel for the spillover of knowledge between firms. Workers learn some of the productive knowledge used by their employer while working on the job. When a worker moves to another firm, they are able to adapt some of this knowledge for use at the hiring firm. Firms endogenously control their exposure to new knowledge by choosing the intensity that they post vacancies in a search-and-matching labor market. It is shown that under a set of assumptions regarding the initial distribution of firm types and the vacancy posting cost function, the competitive equilibrium leads to a balanced growth path that has a constant growth rate and stationary distribution of firm size.
2019-06-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94505/1/MPRA_paper_94505.pdf
Kirker, Michael (2019): Learning Through Hiring: Knowledge From New Workers as an Explanation of Endogenous Growth.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:96317
2019-10-09T07:48:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453630
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473130
7375626A656374733D49:4932
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4C:4C35:4C3530
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96317/
Emerging African Economies:Digital Structures, Disruptive Responses and Demographic Implications
Nwaobi, Godwin
D80 - General
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
E60 - General
G10 - General
I2 - Education and Research Institutions
J10 - General
J40 - General
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
L50 - General
O10 - General
O30 - General
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O38 - Government Policy
Indeed, the world economy is a complex system that has undergone many different phases in the past century. Particularly, the African economy is undergoing a series of transformations (transitions) that subject the future to considerable uncertainty, complexity and unpredictability. In fact, some transformations are cyclical while others are longer-term and more structural in nature. Yet, these transitions or emergence interact in shaping the future; making extrapolation from the past an increasingly unreliable source for future predictions. Thus unlike the previous revolutions, the fourth industrial revolution is characterized by the emergence of various technologies such as virtual (augmented) realities, nanotechnologies, 3D printing, machine learning, big data, cloud computing, drones, autonomous vehicles, robotics, artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies. Again, in this digitization era, work is constantly reshaped by technological progress, while firms adopt new ways of production and markets expand. In other worlds, digital technology brings opportunity, pave the way to create new jobs and increase productivity. Unfortunately, this paper argued that while the digital revolution has forged ahead, its analog complements (regulated entry and competition, new economy skills access and accountable institutions) have not kept pace in Africa. Consequently, African governments should formulate digital development strategies that are much broader than current ICTs strategies. That is, they should create a policy and institutional environment for technology that fosters the greatest benefits to African people of twenty-first century and beyond.
2019-10-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96317/1/MPRA_paper_96317.pdf
Nwaobi, Godwin (2019): Emerging African Economies:Digital Structures, Disruptive Responses and Demographic Implications.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:97444
2024-03-28T21:41:17Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:97721
2019-12-20T14:07:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3133
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/97721/
Capital income taxation in endogenous fertility model
Watanabe, Minoru
Miyake, Yusuke
Yasuoka, Masaya
J13 - Fertility ; Family Planning ; Child Care ; Children ; Youth
J60 - General
We build a standard overlapping generations model with endogenous fertility and involuntary unemployment. Being different from a log utility function, the capital income tax affects saving at the model of constant relative risk-averse utility function (CRRA function). In the parameter condition, to have the case of non-substitution between consumption in different periods, the capital income tax raises saving to compensate for consumption in the future. Then, results show that a capital income tax improves fertility and unemployment with no social security system.
2019-12-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/97721/1/MPRA_paper_97721.pdf
Watanabe, Minoru and Miyake, Yusuke and Yasuoka, Masaya (2019): Capital income taxation in endogenous fertility model.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:97855
2020-01-02T10:59:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4331
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433132
7375626A656374733D43:4332
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
7375626A656374733D43:4334
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433439
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433532
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D43:4336
7375626A656374733D45:4532
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D45:4533
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453337
7375626A656374733D45:4536
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453633
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463030
7375626A656374733D46:4633
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463336
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463337
7375626A656374733D46:4636
7375626A656374733D46:4636:463632
7375626A656374733D46:4636:463636
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/97855/
Forecasting Unemployment Rates with International Factors
Pincheira, Pablo
Hernández, Ana María
C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
C12 - Hypothesis Testing: General
C2 - Single Equation Models ; Single Variables
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
C4 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics
C49 - Other
C5 - Econometric Modeling
C52 - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
C6 - Mathematical Methods ; Programming Models ; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling
E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
E37 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
E63 - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Stabilization ; Treasury Policy
F0 - General
F00 - General
F3 - International Finance
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
F37 - International Finance Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
F6 - Economic Impacts of Globalization
F62 - Macroeconomic Impacts
F66 - Labor
J0 - General
J00 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
In this paper we study international linkages when forecasting unemployment rates in a sample of 24 OECD economies. We propose a Global Unemployment Factor (GUF) and test its predictive ability considering in-sample and out-of-sample exercises. Our main results indicate that the predictive ability of the GUF is heterogeneous across countries. In-sample results are statistically significant for Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Ireland, The Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Sweden and United States. Robust statistically significant out-of-sample results are found for Belgium, Czech Republic, France, The Netherlands, Slovenia, Sweden and the United States. This means that the inclusion of the GUF adds valuable information to predict domestic unemployment rates, at least for these last seven countries.
2019-12-28
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/97855/1/MPRA_paper_97855.pdf
Pincheira, Pablo and Hernández, Ana María (2019): Forecasting Unemployment Rates with International Factors.
en
metadataPrefix%3Doai_dc%26offset%3D97856%26set%3D7375626A656374733D4A%253A4A36%253A4A3630