2024-03-28T09:33:27Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:49
2019-09-27T08:51:19Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423533
7375626A656374733D50:5033:503334
7375626A656374733D4E:4E32:4E3233
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473138
7375626A656374733D4E:4E32:4E3234
7375626A656374733D45:4535
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3339
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453432
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D50:5033
7375626A656374733D4E:4E32
7375626A656374733D48:4831:483131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49/
Review of Huerta de Soto´s `Money, Bank Credit, and Economic Cycles´
van den Hauwe, Ludwig
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
B53 - Austrian
P34 - Financial Economics
N23 - Europe: Pre-1913
G18 - Government Policy and Regulation
N24 - Europe: 1913-
E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
K39 - Other
E00 - General
E42 - Monetary Systems ; Standards ; Regimes ; Government and the Monetary System ; Payment Systems
G0 - General
K0 - General
P3 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions
N2 - Financial Markets and Institutions
H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
This article reviews the first English edition of Prof. Jesús Huerta de Soto´s book `Dinero, Crédito Bancario y Ciclos Económicos´ which first appeared in Spain in 1998.
2006-10-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49/1/MPRA_paper_49.pdf
van den Hauwe, Ludwig (2006): Review of Huerta de Soto´s `Money, Bank Credit, and Economic Cycles´. Forthcoming in: New Perspectives on Political Economy , Vol. 2, No. 2 (November 2006): pp. 135-141.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1151
2019-10-06T07:19:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1151/
Crowding-out in productive and redistributive rent seeking
Giuseppe, Dari-Mattiacci
Bruno, Lovat
Eric, Langlais
Francesco, Parisi
K00 - General
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
C72 - Noncooperative Games
This paper presents a general rent-seeking model in which participants
decide on entry before choosing their levels of efforts. The conventional
wisdom in the rent-seeking literature suggests that the rent dissipation
increases with the number of potential participants and with their
productivity of effort. In this paper, we show that this result of the
rent-seeking literature is far from general and applies only when
participants are relatively weak and enter the game with certainty. In the
presence of strong competitors, the expected total dissipation actually
decreases, since participation in the game is less frequent. We further
consider the impact of competitors' exit option, distinguishing between
\textquotedblright redistributive rent-seeking\textquotedblright\ and
\textquotedblright productive rent-seeking\textquotedblright\ situations. In
redistributive rent-seeking, no social loss results from the fact that all
competitors exit the race. In productive rent-seeking, instead, lack of
participation creates a social loss (the \textquotedblright lost
treasure\textquotedblright\ effect), since valuable rents are left
unexploited. We show that the lost-treasure effect perfectly counterbalances
the reduction in rent dissipation due to competitors' exit. Hence, unlike
redistributive rent-seeking, in productive rent-seeking the total social
loss remains equal to the entire rent even when parties grow stronger or the
number of players increases.
2004-10-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1151/1/MPRA_paper_1151.pdf
Giuseppe, Dari-Mattiacci and Bruno, Lovat and Eric, Langlais and Francesco, Parisi (2004): Crowding-out in productive and redistributive rent seeking.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2288
2019-09-27T04:49:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3232
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D47:4733
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2288/
Who cares about Director Independence?
Paolo, Santella
Carlo, Drago
Giulia, Paone
K22 - Business and Securities Law
K2 - Regulation and Business Law
K0 - General
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
In this article we have expanded the analysis of the new dataset we created in Santella, Paone, Drago (2005) which analysed and quantified corporate disclosure on directors formally identified as independent by the forty Italian Blue Chips. We find here a general low level of compliance with independence requirements for both financial and non-financial companies, particularly with regard to the two key independence criteria of not having too many concurring commitments and not having business relationships with the company or an associated company. We also find that financial companies show a lower level of compliance than non-financial ones and are connected with each other and with a few non-financial companies through networks of cross-directorships: two directors (one independent and one executive) who also sit at the same time on another company board. Finally, those non-financial companies that have a relatively fragmented shareholder structure tend to be characterised by higher levels of compliance and disclosure (but not always by lower levels of not compliance) than tightly-controlled non-financial companies, presumably because of sensitivity to a larger pool of small shareholders. Peculiarly, financial companies with fragmented shareholder structure tend to be characterised by low disclosure levels, although such companies are also subject to strong financial supervision.
2007-03-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2288/1/MPRA_paper_2288.pdf
Paolo, Santella and Carlo, Drago and Giulia, Paone (2007): Who cares about Director Independence?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3438
2019-10-01T18:10:43Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4436
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D48:4832
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3438/
INCOMPLETE PROPERTY RIGHTS, REDISTRIBUTION, AND WELFARE
Amegashie, J. Atsu
D6 - Welfare Economics
K0 - General
H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
In a world where the private protection of property is costly, government redistribution can lead to an increase in aggregate output. This result is not new. The novelty of this paper lies in specifying the conditions under which this efficiency-enhancing redistribution improves everyone’s welfare including the welfare of those whose labor finances the redistributive program (i.e., the rich) and how this is affected by the protection of property rights. The state may directly enhance economic rights through investments in security and the protection of property or it may indirectly do so through the redistribution of income. Under certain conditions, redistribution becomes desirable in situations where the state has exhausted its ability to enhance efficiency through the direct enforcement of property rights. In this case, redistribution can make all members of a society better off. Specifically, this occurs when the cost of predation is sufficiently low and the technology of private protection of property rights is sufficiently weak. The adverse effects of redistribution may be the consequence but not the cause of state failure. The real cause is a corrupt and inept state.
2006-02-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3438/1/MPRA_paper_3438.pdf
Amegashie, J. Atsu (2006): INCOMPLETE PROPERTY RIGHTS, REDISTRIBUTION, AND WELFARE. Forthcoming in: Social Choice and Welfare
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4420
2019-09-28T15:22:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3233
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3231
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4420/
Interlocking directorates as a thrust substitute: The case of the Italian non-life insurance industry
Carbonai, Davide
Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni
K23 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
K21 - Antitrust Law
K0 - General
This paper investigates the market structure of the insurance business by
analyzing the (interlock) linkages among companies created by their directors. We
focus on the non-life business since this is a sector relatively closed with respect to
the competition with other financial activities; an absence of industry competition
cannot thus be compensated by other agents. We apply the graph theory to describe
the network and the principal component analysis to summarize information and
verify the correlation between direct interlocking and companies’ market shares.
2006-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4420/1/MPRA_paper_4420.pdf
Carbonai, Davide and Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni (2006): Interlocking directorates as a thrust substitute: The case of the Italian non-life insurance industry.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4582
2019-09-27T11:10:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3439
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3936
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4582/
Folksonomy: the New Way to Serendipity
Auray, Nicolas
M41 - Accounting
K00 - General
M49 - Other
L96 - Telecommunications
Folksonomy expands the collaborative process by allowing contributors to index content. It rests on three powerful properties: the absence of a prior taxonomy, multi-indexation and the absence of thesaurus. It concerns a more exploratory search than an entry in a search engine. Its original relationship-based structure (the three-way relationship between users, content and tags) means that folksonomy allows various modalities of curious explorations: a cultural exploration and a social exploration. The paper has two goals. Firstly, it tries to draw a general picture of the various folksonomy websites. Secundly, since labelling lacks any standardisation, folksonomies are often under threat of invasion by noise. This paper consequently tries to explore the different possible ways of regulating the self-generated indexation process.
2007-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4582/1/MPRA_paper_4582.pdf
Auray, Nicolas (2007): Folksonomy: the New Way to Serendipity. Published in: International Journal of Digital Economics No. 65 (March 2007): pp. 67-88.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4805
2019-09-28T23:07:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473230
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3335
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473239
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4805/
Renégociation stratégique de la dette, risque comptable et risque juridique
Chopard, Bertrand
Langlais, Eric
K0 - General
G0 - General
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
G20 - General
K35 - Personal Bankruptcy Law
K2 - Regulation and Business Law
G29 - Other
This paper studies the influence of bankruptcy law (depending on whether the law is pro-lenders or pro-borrowers) on the borrowers propensity to demand the renegotiation of their debt, when there exist an asymmetrical information between lenders and borrowers. In the tradition of Law & Economics, we proceed to a study of impact for the main parameters of the model that capture the design of bankruptcy law, showing their influence on the probability of strategic bankruptcy and on the social welfare.
2007-07-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4805/1/MPRA_paper_4805.pdf
Chopard, Bertrand and Langlais, Eric (2007): Renégociation stratégique de la dette, risque comptable et risque juridique.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4846
2019-09-26T19:14:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3431
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3336
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3133
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3430
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4846/
Informational externalities and informational sharing in class action suits
Deffains, Bruno
Langlais, Eric
K41 - Litigation Process
K36 - Family and Personal Law
K13 - Tort Law and Product Liability ; Forensic Economics
K0 - General
K40 - General
K32 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
When several plaintiffs file individually a lawsuit against the same
tortfeasor, the resolution of the various cases through repeated trials
produces positive informational externalities, which benefit to the later
plaintiffs (since there exist precedents, jurisprudence...). Thus, the first
filers may have an incentive to initiate a class action as far as it enables
the various plaintiffs to share their information. This feature has not been
stressed in the literature, and in contrast strategic uses of class actions
have been studied in more details (Che (1996), Marceau and Mongrain (2003)).
In this paper, we elaborate on a basic strategic model of litigation
settlement, focusing on the interactions between the characteristics of the
discovery process (as a general technology of production of evidences) in
mass tort litigation, those of the compensation rules set by Courts, and the
structure of litigation costs, in order to study when a class action fails
to occur, and when sequential trials are more likely.
We consider the case of a perfect discovery process. We provide sufficient
conditions under which a class action is formed. We show that when victims
have heterogeneous claims, the compensatory damages rule awarded by Courts
is of major importance for the formation of the class action, whatever the
degree of heterogeneity: all else equal, there always exists a degree of
\textit{damage averaging} under which the class action occurs. We also show
that when contingent fees are used to reward attorneys' services, plaintiffs
become neutral to the arrival of new information on their case.
2007-09-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4846/1/MPRA_paper_4846.pdf
Deffains, Bruno and Langlais, Eric (2007): Informational externalities and informational sharing in class action suits.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5332
2019-09-27T04:45:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5332/
Self reporting reduces corruption in law enforcement
Motta, Alberto
Burlando, Alfredo
K00 - General
O10 - General
We consider a model of law enforcement where homogenous, risk neutral, and corruptible inspectors are responsible for monitoring citizens who may have committed criminal acts. A welfare maximizing, budget constrained government can implement appropriate wage policies to prevent collusion, but we find that governments characterized by high administrative costs in administrating fines, or by a low ability to spot and prosecute corruption, may prefer to let corruption happen. By allowing citizens to avoid all monitoring by reporting their own violations first, the government is able to increase welfare by hiring fewer inspector, and in some instances by shifting from a regime of corruption to a regime where there is none. Moreover, self reporting fully eliminates any deadweight losses that arise from the incentive schemes when inspectors are risk averse. In order for self-reporting to have these effects, it is necessary that the government maintains also an optimal incentive scheme for its inspectors.
2007-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5332/1/MPRA_paper_5332.pdf
Motta, Alberto and Burlando, Alfredo (2007): Self reporting reduces corruption in law enforcement.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5392
2019-09-28T01:43:14Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523130
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5392/
La legalidad en las políticas agrarias: México 1990–2005
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena
Q10 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
R10 - General
K00 - General
In support of public policy, the law anticipates Government projects so as to pave the way for them, or is adjusted along the way in order to adapt the institutional framework to the processes which in fact prevail. A typical case is that of Mexican Agrarian legislation in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. We propose here that recent developments in Agrarian legislation reveal the limitations of the modernizing strategy of the 1990s, which resulted in a call for the rural population to enter into alternative economic activities, as agriculture ceases to be the way of life for numerous families. We conclude that the restructuring of agricultural production in Mexico has excluded the productive and social dimensions. The reformulation of agrarian legal discourse demonstrates the structural limitations of advancement in terms of the agribusiness model. Now the sector’s economic policy priorities of growth and yield shift towards the instruments of social policy related to territorial construction.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5392/1/MPRA_paper_5392.pdf
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena (2007): La legalidad en las políticas agrarias: México 1990–2005. Published in: Investigación Científica. Revista digital de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Nueva época. , Vol. Volume, No. Issue 2 (August 2007): pp. 1-25.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5460
2019-09-26T17:17:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34:4C3430
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5460/
Regime Shift in Antitrust
Ghosal, Vivek
L40 - General
B00 - General
K00 - General
M20 - General
This paper empirically models the longer-run deep-seated shift in intellectual thinking that followed the Chicago School’s criticism of the older antitrust doctrine, the shorter-run driving forces related to switches of the political party in power, merger waves, changes in economic activity and the level of funding and quantifies their impact on enforcement by the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice over the period 1958-2002. The key findings are: (1) a distinct regime-shift in antitrust enforcement during the 1970s and, post-regime-shift, there has been a marked compositional change with a quantitatively large increase (decrease) in criminal (civil) antitrust court cases initiated; (2) post-regime-shift, there appears to be a change in the role played by politics with Republicans initiating more (less) criminal (civil) court cases than Democrats and the estimated quantitative effects are large; (3) disaggregating the total number of court cases into the main categories under which they are initiated (price-fixing, mergers, monopolization and restraints-of-trade) shows that individual types of cases have widely differing responses to changes in the driving forces; and (4) in a horse-race between the regime-shift and political effect on one side and the remaining variables on the other, the former forces win hands-down in explaining broad shifts in enforcement. Modeling the longer-run shift and disaggregating the court cases emerge as crucial to gaining insights into the intertemporal shifts in enforcement. The paper elaborates on the causes for the shift in enforcement and on the effectiveness of antitrust.
2007-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5460/1/MPRA_paper_5460.pdf
Ghosal, Vivek (2007): Regime Shift in Antitrust.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5649
2017-12-21T09:10:27Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5887
2019-10-26T05:35:59Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6100
2019-09-27T16:47:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D47:4733
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6100/
Strategic Judgment Proofing
Che, Yeon-Koo
Spier, Kathryn
K0 - General
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
A liquidity-constrained entrepreneur needs to raise capital to finance a business activity that may cause injuries to third parties --- the tort victims. Taking the level of borrowing as fixed, the entrepreneur finances the activity with senior (secured) debt in order to shield assets from the tort victims in bankruptcy. Interestingly, senior debt serves the interests of society more broadly: it creates better incentives for the entrepreneur to take precautions than either junior debt or outside equity. Unfortunately, the entrepreneur will raise a socially excessive amount of senior debt, reducing his incentives for care and generating wasteful spending. Giving tort victims priority over senior debtholders in bankruptcy prevents over-leveraging but leads
to suboptimal incentives. Lender liability exacerbates the incentive problem even further. A Limited Seniority Rule, where the firm may issue senior debt up to an exogenous limit after which any further borrowing is treated as junior to the tort claim, dominates these alternatives. Shareholder liability, mandatory liability insurance and punitive damages are also discussed.
2006-06-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6100/1/MPRA_paper_6100.pdf
Che, Yeon-Koo and Spier, Kathryn (2006): Strategic Judgment Proofing.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6101
2019-10-12T04:50:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6101/
Lawyer Advising in Evidence Disclosure
Che, Yeon-Koo
Severinov, Sergei
K0 - General
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
This paper examines how the advice that lawyers provide to their clients affects the disclosure of evidence and the outcome of adjudication, and how the adjudicator should allocate the burden of proof in light of these effects. Despite lawyers' expertise in assessing the evidence, their advice is found to have no effect on adjudication, if the lawyers follow disclosure strategies that are undominated in a certain sense. A lawyer's advice can influence the outcome to his client's favor, if he can credibly advise his client to suppress some favorable evidence, but this effect is socially undesirable.
2007-05-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6101/1/MPRA_paper_6101.pdf
Che, Yeon-Koo and Severinov, Sergei (2007): Lawyer Advising in Evidence Disclosure.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6104
2019-09-29T03:22:16Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6104/
Exploiting Plaintiffs Through Settlement: Divide and Conquer
Che, Yeon-Koo
Spier, Kathryn
K0 - General
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
This paper considers settlement negotiations between a single defendant and $N$ plaintiffs when there are fixed costs of litigation. When making simultaneous take-it-or-leave-it offers to the plaintiffs, the defendant adopts a divide and conquer strategy. Plaintiffs settle their claims for less than they are jointly worth. The problem is worse when $N$ is larger, the offers are sequential, and the plaintiffs make offers instead. Although divide and conquer strategies dilute the defendant's incentives, they increase the settlement rate and reduce litigation spending. Plaintiffs can raise their joint payoff through transfer payments, voting rules, and covenants not to accept discriminatory offers.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6104/1/MPRA_paper_6104.pdf
Che, Yeon-Koo and Spier, Kathryn (2007): Exploiting Plaintiffs Through Settlement: Divide and Conquer. Published in: Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6748
2019-09-30T19:12:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4E:4E35
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6748/
LÍMITES EN LA RECONVERSIÓN PRODUCTIVA DEL CAMPO MEXICANO. EL ROL DE LA LEGALIDAD AGRARIA
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena
Q1 - Agriculture
K0 - General
N5 - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries
R14 - Land Use Patterns
In this paper, the author analyzes the roll of the legal framework that prevails in Mexico on agrarian concerns, since the reform of 1992, in a context of the neoliberal economical model imposed on Latin America from the poles of international power and decision.
En este documento se analiza el papel del marco jurídico que prevalece en México en materia agraria a partir de 1992, en el contexto del modelo económico neoliberal impuesto a Latinoamérica desde los polos de poder y decisión internacional.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6748/3/MPRA_paper_6748.pdf
Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena (2006): LÍMITES EN LA RECONVERSIÓN PRODUCTIVA DEL CAMPO MEXICANO. EL ROL DE LA LEGALIDAD AGRARIA. Published in: Encuentros, Revista Semestral de la Unidad Académica de Economía, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit , Vol. Número, No. Año 2 (June 2006): pp. 99-126.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6809
2019-09-27T07:49:16Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4C:4C35:4C3532
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C35:4C3533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6809/
Indisches Recht mit Schwerpunkt auf gewerblichem Rechtsschutz im Rahmen eines Projektgeschäfts in Indien
Muller, Nichole
K0 - General
L52 - Industrial Policy ; Sectoral Planning Methods
K23 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
L53 - Enterprise Policy
Till recently the investment policy of India was overtly nationalistic. Today however everything seems to be changing. The change is enormous. India is becoming very open to foreign investors. Governmental procedures have been simplified and for most of the enterprises no government permission is necessary.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6809/1/MPRA_paper_6809.pdf
Muller, Nichole (2007): Indisches Recht mit Schwerpunkt auf gewerblichem Rechtsschutz im Rahmen eines Projektgeschäfts in Indien. Published in: IBL Review , Vol. 12, (2007): pp. 58-76.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7264
2019-09-27T04:45:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7264/
Self reporting reduces corruption in law enforcement
Motta, Alberto
Burlando, Alfredo
O10 - General
K00 - General
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
We consider a model of law enforcement where homogenous, risk neutral, and corruptible inspectors are responsible for monitoring firms' adoption of pollution prevention technology. A welfare maximizing government can implement appropriate wage policies to prevent collusion, but we find that governments characterized by high administrative costs in administrating fines, or by a low ability to spot and prosecute corruption, may prefer to let corruption happen. By allowing firms to purchase pollution permits in lieu of the technology, the government is able to increase welfare by reducing red tape, keeping a leaner monitoring force, and eliminating rents to its force. The use of permits further benefits society by allowing the country to fully eliminate corruption. This theory can be applied in a variety of law enforcement situations.
2007-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7264/1/MPRA_paper_7264.pdf
Motta, Alberto and Burlando, Alfredo (2007): Self reporting reduces corruption in law enforcement.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8277
2019-09-27T14:16:58Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463239
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8277/
Free Movement of Goods and the Czech Republic with Emphasis on Environmental Protection
Magdaléna, Kudelová
K0 - General
F29 - Other
After the accession to the European Union, the Czech Republic became a part of the largest market in the world, the Single European Market. The Czech Republic has to keep the single market rules as set in the Treaty and secondary legislation. The corestone of the single market is the functioning of the four freedoms – free movement of goods, services, capital and persons. The article is focused on the functioning of the single market in the Czech Republic – the aim is to analyze two particular cases of breach of the principle of free movement of goods – the case of waste imports and the case of second hand cars imports. Both cases deal with the conflict between environmental protection and free movement of goods.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8277/1/MPRA_paper_8277.pdf
Magdaléna, Kudelová (2007): Free Movement of Goods and the Czech Republic with Emphasis on Environmental Protection. Published in: ECON 07 , Vol. 14, (2007): pp. 92-98.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8643
2019-09-26T12:00:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8643/
When Should Political Scientists Use the Self-Confirming Equilibrium Concept? Benefits, Costs, and an Application to Jury Theorems
Lupia, Arthur
Levine, Adam Seth
Zharinova, Natasha
K0 - General
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
Many claims about political behavior are based on implicit assumptions about how people think. One such assumption, that political actors use identical conjectures when assessing others’ strategies, is nested within applications of widely-used game theoretic equilibrium concepts. When empirical research calls this assumption into question, the self-confirming equilibrium (SCE) concept is an alternate criterion for deriving theoretical claims. Using a series of examples, we examine opportunities and challenges inherent in applying the SCE concept. Our main example focuses on Feddersen and Pesendorfer’s (1998) claim that unanimity rules can lead juries to convict innocent defendants. Using SCE, we show that the claim depends on the assumption that jurors have identical beliefs about one another’s strategies. When juror beliefs vary in ways that follow from empirical jury research, we show that fewer false convictions can occur in equilibrium. Generally, the SCE confers advantages when actors have different conjectures about one another’s strategies.
2008-05-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8643/1/MPRA_paper_8643.pdf
Lupia, Arthur and Levine, Adam Seth and Zharinova, Natasha (2008): When Should Political Scientists Use the Self-Confirming Equilibrium Concept? Benefits, Costs, and an Application to Jury Theorems.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8902
2019-10-26T18:33:01Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8995
2019-09-28T16:37:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443832
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8995/
Trial and settlement negotiations between asymmetrically skilled parties
Chopard, Bertrand
Cortade, Thomas
Langlais, Eric
D0 - General
K0 - General
D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information ; Mechanism Design
K41 - Litigation Process
Parties engaged in a litigation generally enter the discovery process with different informations regarding their case and/or an unequal endowment in terms of skill and ability to produce evidence and predict the outcome of a
trial. Hence, they have to bear different legal costs to assess the (equilibrium) plaintiff's win rate. The paper analyses pretrial negotiations and revisits the selection hypothesis in the case where these legal expenditures are private information. This assumption is consistent with
empirical evidence (Osborne, 1999). Two alternative situations are investigated, depending on whether there exists a unilateral or a bilateral informational asymmetry.\ Our general result is that efficient pretrial negotiations select cases with the smallest legal expenditures as those going to trial, while cases with largest costs prefer to settle. Under the one-sided asymmetric information assumption, we find that the American rule yields more trials and higher aggregate legal expenditures than the French and British rules. The two-sided case leads to a higher rate of trials, but in contrast provides less clear-cut predictions regarding the influence of fee-shifting.
2008-06-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8995/1/MPRA_paper_8995.pdf
Chopard, Bertrand and Cortade, Thomas and Langlais, Eric (2008): Trial and settlement negotiations between asymmetrically skilled parties.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9143
2019-09-30T16:36:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443836
7375626A656374733D43:4339
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3231
7375626A656374733D44:4434
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9143/
Naked Exclusion: An Experimental Study of Contracts with Externalities
Landeo, Claudia M.
Spier, Kathryn E.
D86 - Economics of Contract: Theory
C9 - Design of Experiments
L0 - General
K0 - General
K21 - Antitrust Law
D4 - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
L4 - Antitrust Issues and Policies
C72 - Noncooperative Games
This paper reports the results of an experiment designed to assess the ability of an incumbent seller to profitably foreclose a market with exclusive contracts. We use the strategic environment described by Rasmusen, Ramseyer, and Wiley (1991) and Segal and Whinston (2000) where entry is unprofitable when sufficiently many downstream buyers sign exclusive contracts with the incumbent. When discrimination is impossible, the game resembles a stag-hunt (coordination) game in which the buyers' payoffs are endogenously chosen by the incumbent seller. Exclusion occurs when the buyers fail to coordinate on their preferred equilibrium. Two-way non-binding pre-play communication among the buyers lowers the power of exclusive contracts and induces more generous contract terms from the seller. When discrimination and communication are possible, the exclusion rate rises. Divide-and-conquer strategies are observed more frequently when buyers can communicate with each other. Exclusion rates are significantly higher when the buyers' payoffs are endogenously chosen rather than exogenously given. Finally, secret offers are shown to decrease the incumbent's power to profitably exclude.
2007-12-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9143/1/MPRA_paper_9143.pdf
Landeo, Claudia M. and Spier, Kathryn E. (2007): Naked Exclusion: An Experimental Study of Contracts with Externalities.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10334
2019-09-26T10:32:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3230
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10334/
Law applicable to merits of the arbitration dispute (an overview of the English, Swiss and French arbitration laws)
Athanasakis, Dimitrios
K20 - General
K00 - General
K41 - Litigation Process
Due to the plethora of international elements of a contract to arbitrate, i.e. nationalities of the parties, nature of the transaction and the legal background of the arbitrator, questions of law applicable to the substance of the dispute are always at stake. In the course of arbitral proceedings, issues of law applicable to the arbitral dispute are raised after a concise examination of the law applicable to the arbitration agreement, namely whether the parties have consented to arbitrate the subject-matter in issue and the law applicable to the arbitral procedure. The present study draws upon the principle of party autonomy, in both theoretical and practical aspects in the context of the freedom of contract principle. It further considers the restrictive role of mandatory rules upon the above principle. Light shall also be shed on the current trends of international mandatory rules and public policy as discussed in ICC awards by experienced arbitrators and solely developed within the ambit of international commercial arbitration. Furthermore, a consistent examination of possible choices of law and rules of law such as a-national rules i.e. lex mercatoria and general trade usages will sketch the existing variety of possibilities in choice of law both on the parties and lawyers leading arbitrations. The last Section will independently examine an absence of choice of law, and several doctrines which envisaged the stance of the three distinguished European arbitral systems: English, Swiss and French.
2008-09-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10334/1/MPRA_paper_10334.pdf
Athanasakis, Dimitrios (2008): Law applicable to merits of the arbitration dispute (an overview of the English, Swiss and French arbitration laws).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11767
2019-09-26T08:57:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D48:4831:483130
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D48:4830
7375626A656374733D59:5931
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483833
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483830
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11767/
Strengths And Weaknesses Of The New Public Management (NPM)- Cross-Sectional And Longitudinal Analysis
Oehler-Sincai, Iulia Monica
E0 - General
H10 - General
K0 - General
B0 - General
H0 - General
Y1 - Data: Tables and Charts
H83 - Public Administration ; Public Sector Accounting and Audits
H80 - General
C80 - General
The paradigm of NPM, like its forerunners, has been trying to answer the same question for almost twenty years: how to implement policies, strategies, programs and projects, using the market-type mechanisms, so that the institutions of the state could achieve the desired results.
The praises and criticism that have accompanied this paradigm along its evolution are fully justified. Indeed, the NPM has strengths and weaknesses as well, and one purpose of this paper is to identify them and to find answers to the following questions.
Which components of the mechanism named NPM generate negative results? Why? What can be done? It is not easy to answer these questions, taking into consideration the multitude of factors influencing the public management, and especially the tremendous impacts of the accelerated process of globalization. The global problems of nowadays make any unilateral action of a government unconceivable, and this brings us to the concept of global public management (GPM). Nevertheless, the way forward will be the subject of another paper.
The paper is structured in two main sections, as follows:
The first section provides a conceptual framework, examining the multifaceted structure of the NPM and its mechanisms (the “state-of-the-art” of the “art of the state”).
The second section suggests a theoretical framework on “measuring” the aggregate attribute of the NPM – the QoG – illustrated by practical cases, in a twofold perspective: longitudinal (variation in time) and cross-sectional (variation among countries).
2008-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11767/1/MPRA_paper_11767.pdf
Oehler-Sincai, Iulia Monica (2008): Strengths And Weaknesses Of The New Public Management (NPM)- Cross-Sectional And Longitudinal Analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12112
2019-09-26T15:46:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12112/
Property crime and macroeconomic variables in Malaysia: Some empirical evidence from a vector error-correction model
Habibullah, M.S.
Law, Siong-Hook
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
K00 - General
In this study we investigated the long-run relationship between property crime and three macro-financial economic variables in Malaysia for the period 1973 to 2003. In order to avoid what the econometrician term as ‘spurious regression problem’ we estimate the model using the vector-error correction (VECM) framework. The results tend to suggest that there are long-run relationship between property crime and the three macroeconomic variables in Malaysia. Our VECM results, however, suggest that there is no long-run and short-run causal effect of the three macro-variables on the property crime. Nevertheless, our variance decomposition results indicate that property crime in Malaysia is affect by economic growth measure by real income per capita. But, given the short sample nature of this study, our results should be viewed with cautious.
2008-02-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12112/1/MPRA_paper_12112.pdf
Habibullah, M.S. and Law, Siong-Hook (2008): Property crime and macroeconomic variables in Malaysia: Some empirical evidence from a vector error-correction model.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13236
2019-09-28T11:42:59Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443734
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13236/
Destructive power, enforcement and institutional change
Vahabi, Mehrdad
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
K0 - General
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances ; Revolutions
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
H41 - Public Goods
E11 - Marxian ; Sraffian ; Kaleckian
Institutions are usually defined as rules of the game. But if rules are dead letters without being enforced, then what is the role of destructive power in the genesis of institutions? This is the first question which will be addressed in the present paper. While the importance of incremental or evolutionary changes in informal rules is undeniable, what is the role of destructive power or revolution in politics with regard to institutional change? To what extent is destructive power involved in the change of rules? This is the second question that will be tackled in the present paper. The purpose of this paper is to answer these two questions focusing on a point that current scholarship regarding institutions usually fail to notice, with an emphasis on rules and laws: the power that enforces those rules and laws. The analysis of different forms of power will demonstrate the fact that the capacity to destroy as well as the capacity to produce plays a role in generating and maintaining institutions. I will try to show that the recognition of destructive power sheds new light on at least three major issues: i) the relationship between property rights and sovereignty, ii) the importance of revolution as well as evolution in social change, iii) the emergence of various means of collective expression such as Luddism, universal suffrage, and association.
2005-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13236/1/MPRA_paper_13236.pdf
Vahabi, Mehrdad (2005): Destructive power, enforcement and institutional change. Published in: Journal of Economics and Business , Vol. 9, No. 1 (March 2006): pp. 59-89.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13453
2019-10-01T13:55:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4339
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3133
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13453/
Tort Reform, Disputes and Belief Formation
Landeo, Claudia M.
C9 - Design of Experiments
K0 - General
K13 - Tort Law and Product Liability ; Forensic Economics
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
K41 - Litigation Process
We experimentally study the effects of the split-award tort reform, where the state takes a share of the plaintiff's punitive damage award, on litigants' beliefs and bargaining outcomes. In addition, we study the formation of litigants' beliefs in a strategic environment. Our results provide support for coherence-based reasoning theories: coherence shifts in litigants' background beliefs (elicited before a role is assigned and after commitment to a choice at the pretrial bargaining stage) suggest bi-directionality between choices and beliefs. Our findings also suggest role-specific bias in the updating of plaintiffs' beliefs about firm's negligence. Finally, our findings indicate that split-awards affect plaintiffs' beliefs about fairness and lower out-of-court settlement amounts.
2009-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13453/1/MPRA_paper_13453.pdf
Landeo, Claudia M. (2009): Tort Reform, Disputes and Belief Formation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13659
2019-10-28T19:07:30Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14762
2019-09-26T13:45:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14762/
On the deterrent effect of individual versus collective liability in criminal organizations
Hauret, Laetitia
Langlais, Eric
Sonntag, Carine
K0 - General
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
Our paper addresses the question of the deterrent effect of a monetary sanction associated to a collective rather than an individual liability, when crimes are realized within a hierarchical gang (defined as a criminal organization where the leader is a sleeping partner, and several agents are active partners in the illegal or criminal activity). We develop a model where the active gang members face contradictory incentives to commit a crime. On the one hand, public authorities try to deter each gang member by imposing sanctions; on the second, the leader of the gang try to keep his members enough active in the gang by threatening them of private sanctions. We show that sanctions based on individual liability are inefficient to deter gang’s members since the leader overreacts on the public sanctions. In contrast, we show that a regime of collective liability, allowing the judge to sanction the sleeping partner even if he hasn’t realized any crime himself, can reach enough deterrence of the members of the gang.
2009-04-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14762/1/MPRA_paper_14762.pdf
Hauret, Laetitia and Langlais, Eric and Sonntag, Carine (2009): On the deterrent effect of individual versus collective liability in criminal organizations.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14843
2019-10-02T00:34:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14843/
The effects of stock options accounting regulation on corporate governance: A comparative European study
Butzbach, Olivier
Di Carlo, Ferdinando
M41 - Accounting
K00 - General
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
The use of stock options as executive compensation, after having developed in the United States in the 1980s and 1990s, has spread to continental Europe in the past fifteen years. The increasing weight of stock options in this region of the world raises various issues and feeds a vast literature dealing with the relationship between corporate managers’ pay and performance. A good chunk of that literature is based on agency theory. In this line of thought a principal (the shareholder) delegates the management of the firm to an agent (the manager) and simultaneously sets up a series of control devices to make sure that the agent will act in his (the shareholder’s) interest (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). Agency theory does not limit itself with identifying potential conflicts of interests between managers and shareholders: it also explores the various means through which the firm’s owners try to make sure that managers seek to maximize their (the owners’) objectives. Optimal contracting theory precisely aims at identifying such means. According to that theory, the firm’s compensation policies should contribute to align the managers’ interests on those of the shareholders – to make sure, in other words, that the agent behaves in the interest of the principal (Murphy, 1999).
Such a view, applied to executive compensation plans, has been recently exposed to a strong scepticism. The optimal contracting theory has a weak empirical basis, especially when applied to stock options – whose adoption does not seem to lead to a significant improvement of firms’ corporate governance. Several authors have underlined the importance of “pay without performance” (Murphy, 1999). Most empirical studies cannot find a positive relationship between the adoption of stock option plans and a significant improvement in firms’ performance.
Several explanations have been proposed to explain that puzzle (such as, for instance, Bebchuk & Fried, 2004), all linked to rent extraction theory. According such theory, managers extract a rent from their position: concretely, they increase their capacity to change their own remuneration. In this scheme, stock-options, by nature, cannot succeed in aligning the agent’s interests on the principal’s; on the contrary, they strengthen or create new agency problems.
This discussion can be linked to the theme of stock-options accounting and disclosure, which has been recently transformed by the adoption of international accounting standards in most developed economies. Indeed, according to the IFRS 2, stock-options are to be accounted for as labour costs, implying an increase of net liabilities within a specific reserve, with a value equal to the fair value of the options. This accounting method breaks significantly with the past, when disclosure of stock-options plans were left to the discretion of firms. Such a change in disclosure rules might have an impact on the corporate governance of European firms. Indeed, according to a growing literature (see Verrecchia, 2001, for an exhaustive review), disclosure (which can be defined as the publication of previously private relevant information) mediates the relation between a firm’s owners and managers. When disclosure is failing, corporate governance worsens, in that managers are able to hide the decisions which damage or threaten owners’ interests.
In fact, in the current context, characterized by national and international regulatory reforms in favour of a more stringent disclosure, the academic discussion has shifted its focus from the causes to the consequences of disclosure, especially related to corporate governance (see Bushman & Smith, 2001). Turning the previous reasoning on its head, one can argue that, in presence of information asymmetries and agency conflicts between owners and managers, disclosure acquires a strategic value (Healy & Palepu, 2001). In particular, a better disclosure could help reduce contractual problems linked to agency relations (Lo, 2003), through, for instance, corporate reputation. In the (international) context of the adoption of more stringent norms on stock option disclosure (that is their recognition, meaning, as seen above, accounting stock-options as costs in a firm’s financial statement), both discussions are relevant. The new disclosure of stock-options could help reduce the risks of rent extraction tied to that form of compensation and bring them closer to their role as incentives assumed in the optimal contracting theory.
The aim of the present work is to understand whether the aforementioned change in stock option accounting regulation has had an impact, and what impact, on the corporate governance of European firms, in the light of the twin literatures cited above. The sample considered here includes all listed Italian and French firms, excluding financial institutions, which have carried out stock option plans in 2005 and 2006, and therefore underwent the change in accounting regulation mentioned above. The analysis relies on qualitative and quantitative data, and focuses on a few key indicators.
The findings of the present research suggest that the impact of new accounting rules and more stringent disclosure on listed French and Italian firms is not significant. The firms under study have not shown any substantial change in their management or governance structure, which appear to be still largely driven by the peculiar power distribution proper to each country. Besides, such firms have not received any market premium for introducing executive compensation schemes that theoretically provide incentives for top management to maximize owners’ interests. In any event, those plans remain a minority among listed firms.
One could argue, therefore, that in Italy and France, like other countries in the world and the United States in particular, stock options plans have become another instrument used by executive managers to obtain higher remuneration with no link to the true performance of the firm and the interests of its owners. Such a logic is much closer to the rent extraction theory mentioned above (see, for the US, Dechow, Sutton, Sloan, 1996).
2008-11-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14843/1/MPRA_paper_14843.pdf
Butzbach, Olivier and Di Carlo, Ferdinando (2008): The effects of stock options accounting regulation on corporate governance: A comparative European study.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15096
2019-09-27T07:08:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D48:4831:483131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15096/
Why State Constitutions Differ in their Treatment of Same-Sex Marriage
Lupia, Arthur
Krupnikov, Yanna
Levine, Adam Seth
Piston, Spencer
Hagen-Jamae, Alexander von
H70 - General
K0 - General
H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
Some states treat a same-sex marriage as legally equal to a marriage between a man and a woman. Other states prohibit legal recognition of same-sex marriages in their constitutions. In every state that has a constitutional restriction against same-sex marriage, the amendment was passed by a popular vote.
The conventional wisdom about allowing voter participation in such decisions is that they yield constitutional outcomes that reflect attitude differences across states. We reexamine the attitude-amendment relationship and find it to be weaker than expected.
In particular, we show that states vary in the costs they impose on constituencies that desire constitutional change. Some states impose very low costs (i.e., a simple majority of voters is sufficient for change). Other states impose very high costs (i.e., substantial legislative and voter supermajoriries are requires). We find that variations in the legal status of same-sex marriage across US states is better explained by these variations in costs than they are by differences in public opinion.
Our method yields an improved explanation of why states differ in their constitutional treatment of same-sex marriage today. Our findings have distinct implications for people who wish to understand and/or change the future status of same-sex couples in state constitutions.
2009-04-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15096/1/MPRA_paper_15096.pdf
Lupia, Arthur and Krupnikov, Yanna and Levine, Adam Seth and Piston, Spencer and Hagen-Jamae, Alexander von (2009): Why State Constitutions Differ in their Treatment of Same-Sex Marriage.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15149
2019-09-27T16:46:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C35:4C3531
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3234
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423135
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423235
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15149/
Instituições: uma caracterização crítica
Strachman, Eduardo
L51 - Economics of Regulation
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
K00 - General
L24 - Contracting Out ; Joint Ventures ; Technology Licensing
B15 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary
B25 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary ; Austrian
The paper aims to investigate the main characteristics of institutions, as well as some of their more conspicuous
peculiarities, as, for instance, their resistance to change, chiefly when compared to the capacity and speed of
transformation of what is called the other social factors (or components). The article tries to describe the
relationships among institutions and other social factors, in addition to contrasts and similarities among
institutions in different levels, and in distinct countries and regions. It also intends to show the factors that conduct to a growing or decreasing institutional homogeneity in these different loci, and to an augmentation or lessening of the institutional instrumentality. Besides, the paper tries to give a better definition of institutions,
which is important nowadays, given the increasing interest of economics for institutions.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15149/1/MPRA_paper_15149.pdf
Strachman, Eduardo (2002): Instituições: uma caracterização crítica. Published in: EconomiA , Vol. 3, No. 1 (January 2002): pp. 113-157.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15365
2019-09-26T14:13:49Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15365/
When Should Political Scientists Use the Self-Confirming Equilibrium Concept? Benefits, Costs, and an Application to Jury Theorems
Lupia, Arthur
Levine, Adam Seth
Zharinova, Natasha
K0 - General
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
D72 - Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
Many claims about political behavior are based on implicit assumptions about how people think. One such assumption, that political actors use identical conjectures when assessing others’ strategies, is nested within applications of widely-used game theoretic equilibrium concepts. When empirical research calls this assumption into question, the self-confirming equilibrium (SCE) concept is an alternate criterion for deriving theoretical claims. Using a series of examples, we examine opportunities and challenges inherent in applying the SCE concept. Our main example focuses on Feddersen and Pesendorfer’s (1998) claim that unanimity rules can lead juries to convict innocent defendants. Using SCE, we show that the claim depends on the assumption that jurors have identical beliefs about one another’s strategies. When juror beliefs vary in ways that follow from empirical jury research, we show that fewer false convictions can occur in equilibrium. Generally, the SCE confers advantages when actors have different conjectures about one another’s strategies.
2008-05-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15365/1/MPRA_paper_15365.pdf
Lupia, Arthur and Levine, Adam Seth and Zharinova, Natasha (2008): When Should Political Scientists Use the Self-Confirming Equilibrium Concept? Benefits, Costs, and an Application to Jury Theorems. Forthcoming in: Political Analysis
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15492
2019-09-26T22:25:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443836
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513238
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513537
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513338
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3332
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513135
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443032
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3133
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503238
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513334
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443734
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513237
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15492/
Governing of Agro-Ecosystem Services
Bachev, Hrabrin
D86 - Economics of Contract: Theory
Q28 - Government Policy
H41 - Public Goods
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics ; Industrial Ecology
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
Q38 - Government Policy
K32 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation ; Agriculture and Environment
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
K00 - General
O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products
Q01 - Sustainable Development
P28 - Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
Q34 - Natural Resources and Domestic and International Conflicts
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances ; Revolutions
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
Q27 - Issues in International Trade
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
In this paper we incorporate interdisciplinary New Institutional and Transaction Costs Economics (combining Economics, Organization, Law, Sociology, Behavioral and Political Sciences), and suggest a framework for analysis of mechanisms of governance of agro-ecosystem services. Firstly, we present a new approach for analysis and improvement of governance of agro-ecosystem services. It takes into account the role of specific institutional environment (formal and informal rules, distribution of rights, systems of enforcement); and behavioral characteristics of individual agents (preferences, bounded rationality, opportunism, risk aversion, trust); and transactions costs associated with ecosystem services and their critical factors (uncertainty, frequency, asset specificity, appropriability); and comparative efficiency of market, private, public and hybrid modes of governance. Secondly, we identify spectrum of market and private forms of governance of agro-ecosystem services (voluntary initiatives; market trade with eco-products and services; special contractual arrangements; collective actions; vertical integration), and evaluate their efficiency and potential. Next, we identify needs for public involvement in the governance of agro-ecosystem services, and assess comparative efficiency of alternative modes of public interventions (assistance, regulations, funding, taxing, provision, partnership, property right modernization).
Finally, we analyze structure and efficiency of governance of agro-ecosystems services in Zapadna Stara Planina – a mountainous region in North-West Bulgaria. Post-communist transition and EU integration has brought about significant changes in the state and governance of agro-ecosystems services. Newly evolved market, private and public governance has led to significant improvement of part of agro-ecosystems services introducing modern eco-standards and public support, enhancing environmental stewardship, desintensifying production, recovering landscape and traditional productions, diversifying quality, products, and services. At the same time, novel governance is associated with some new challenges such as unsustainable exploitation, lost biodiversity, land degradation, water and air contamination. What is more, implementation of EU common policies would have no desired impact on agro-ecosystem services unless special measures are taken to improve management of public programs, and extend public support to dominating small-scale and subsistence farms.
2009-05-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15492/1/MPRA_paper_15492.pdf
Bachev, Hrabrin (2009): Governing of Agro-Ecosystem Services.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15560
2019-10-02T17:34:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423235
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15560/
Mises on the Nation and the State
Cachanosky, Nicolas
K00 - General
B25 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary ; Austrian
B15 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary
This article discusses the distinction Mises (1919) draws between the nation and the state as well
as the relation of this distinction with the role of the state in the free society.
A previous version of this article received the 1st Prize of the European Center of Austrian Economics
Foundation’s 2007 Vernon Smith Essay Contest.
2009-05-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15560/1/MPRA_paper_15560.pdf
Cachanosky, Nicolas (2009): Mises on the Nation and the State.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15900
2019-10-02T22:09:29Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3231
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15900/
European "Class" Action: British and Italian Points of View in Evolving Scenarios
Congedo, Pierluigi
Messina, Michele
K0 - General
K21 - Antitrust Law
K41 - Litigation Process
The article tackles the state-of-play of the European debate with respect to the representative action as form of enhanced antitrust private enforcement. First it takes into consideration the US precedent. Then it outlines the current debate at European level (White Paper), both on the basis of the British experience and of the Italian 'expectations' of introducing such a tool of consumer and citizen defence vis à vis abuses and collusive agreements carried out by national or multinational undertakings.
2009-03-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15900/2/MPRA_paper_15900.pdf
Congedo, Pierluigi and Messina, Michele (2009): European "Class" Action: British and Italian Points of View in Evolving Scenarios. Published in: Europa e Diritto Privato , Vol. 1, No. 1 (1 May 2009): pp. 163-189.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15938
2019-10-03T17:27:01Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3233
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15938/
Separazione funzionale o strutturale nelle industrie regolate? I vincitori non puniscono; possibilmente cooperano (e innovano)
Congedo, Pierluigi
K0 - General
K23 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
K21 - Antitrust Law
Structural v. functional separation in regulated industries, in electronic communications in particular, is still a debated issue. The article, based on the Ph.D. studies carried out by the Author at King's College London, tackles the reasons that may suggest "cooperative" solutions, such as the negotiation of undertakings with the national competition authorities or sector regulators, aimed at enhancing innovation while granting consumer welfare imperatives. From Shumpeter to Arrow, from Coase to recent developments at European Commission level, the Author combines (Competition) Law and basic principles of economics, having in mind the recent British experience of Openreach fucntional separation of British Telecom.
2008-10-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15938/1/MPRA_paper_15938.pdf
Congedo, Pierluigi (2008): Separazione funzionale o strutturale nelle industrie regolate? I vincitori non puniscono; possibilmente cooperano (e innovano). Published in: Concorrenza e Mercato , Vol. 16, No. 2009 (June 2009)
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18064
2019-09-27T14:20:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18064/
Merger Performance and Efficiencies in Horizontal Merger Policy in the US and the EU
Kamerbeek, S.P.
K0 - General
K21 - Antitrust Law
L4 - Antitrust Issues and Policies
In current horizontal merger policy in the US and the EU an explicit efficiency defense is allowed. On both sides of the Atlantic mergers are unconditionally approved if internal efficiencies are sufficient to reverse the mergers’ potential to harm consumers in the relevant market. Current merger policy is implicitly based on the assumption that rational managers will only propose privately profitable mergers. In this thesis I will show that the empirical evidence on merger performance suggests that this assumption can’t be sustained. Managers do propose uneconomic mergers, motivated by non-wealth maximizing behavior. To tackle this problem I argue that efficiencies should not only be used as an efficiency defense, but efficiencies should work both ways. To avoid type I and type II errors the competition authorities in the US and the EU should undertake a sequential efficiency test in their assessment of specific mergers.
2009-07-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18064/1/MPRA_paper_18064.pdf
Kamerbeek, S.P. (2009): Merger Performance and Efficiencies in Horizontal Merger Policy in the US and the EU.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18490
2019-10-05T04:37:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443730
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18490/
Constitutional Design and Political Communication
Xefteris, Dimitrios
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
D70 - General
K00 - General
D60 - General
This paper models the constitutional design process, and points out the importance of political communication (defined as the level of information about the social distribution of policy preferences that individuals hold, at the time of this process) on the "extent" of "democratic restraints" of the socially preferred constitution and on the welfare derived by the society from its implementation. The results demonstrate that the level of political communication has a positive effect on the level of democracy of the socially preferred constitution and on social welfare. Moreover, it is proved that, even if there exist no tolerance for dictatorship by societies in general, the level of democracy demanded by the society, reaches the maximum possible level, only if political communication is "perfect". That is, the socially preferred constitution in cases of "imperfect" political communication incorporates both dictatorial and democratic elements.
2009-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18490/1/MPRA_paper_18490.pdf
Xefteris, Dimitrios (2009): Constitutional Design and Political Communication.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19118
2019-09-28T23:58:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3432
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19118/
Beyond the Financial Crisis: Addressing risk challenges in a changing financial environment
Ojo, Marianne
K2 - Regulation and Business Law
K0 - General
M42 - Auditing
Paper presented at "Strategies For Solving Global Crises Conference: The Financial Crisis and Beyond" (October 2009).
Also published in "Corporate Finance: Governance, Corporate Control & Organization Journals" (July 2010)
The Financial Crisis has not only highlighted the importance of addressing issues such as liquidity risk – it has also brought to the fore the need to focus on unregulated instruments such as hedge funds, which are of systemic importance to the financial industry. Risk is an area which, owing to its increasing significance, requires greater focus. A move to risk based strategies is evidenced by the growing popularity of risk based regulation and meta regulatory strategies. Given the presence of an unregulated hedge fund industry however, such attempts do not suffice on their own. Further, the systemic nature of risk exacerbates the problem of such unregulated institutions.
This paper aims to address complexities and challenges faced by regulators in identifying and assessing risk, problems arising from different perceptions of risk, and solutions aimed at countering problems of risk regulation. It will approach these issues through an assessment of explanations put forward to justify the growing importance of risks, well known risk theories such as cultural theory, risk society theory and governmentality theory. These theories will be considered against a background of themes such as dynamism, evolutionism, developments in science and industry, cultural attitudes to risk, and the need to be responsive and reflexive to changes which have arisen in modern society.
Theoretical models and hybrids of a responsive model of regulation such as Enforced self regulation and meta regulation, which have the potential to address the problems relating to risk will be addressed. By virtue of the pro cyclical nature of risk, the inability of Basel 2 to address risk cycles were revealed during the Northern Rock Crisis. Other flaws and deficiencies inherent in Basel 2, a form of meta regulation, will be highlighted. The relevance of internal control systems to an efficient system of regulation, the reasons for which meta regulation is not only considered to be the most responsive form of regulation, but also one which assigns central role to internal control systems will be discussed.
The contested nature of risk and the difficulties attributed to its quantification, raise questions about its ability to function effectively as a regulatory tool. If risks could be eliminated in their entirety however, then regulation would serve no purpose. This paper aims generally therefore to direct attention to those areas which could be addressed, namely institutional risks, and measures whereby such risks, even though impossible to eliminate, could be minimized.
2009-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19118/1/MPRA_paper_19118.pdf
Ojo, Marianne (2009): Beyond the Financial Crisis: Addressing risk challenges in a changing financial environment. Published in: Göttingen Journal of International Law (March 2010)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19178
2019-09-27T00:24:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19178/
The Governance of Migration Policy
Hanson, Gordon H.
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
K0 - General
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
In this paper, I examine high-income country motives for restricting immigration. Abundant
evidence suggests that allowing labor to move from low-income to high-income countries would
yield substantial gains in global income. Yet, most high-income countries impose strict limits on
labor inflows and set their admission policies unilaterally. A core principle underlying the
World Trade Organization is reciprocity in tariff setting. When it comes to migration from poor
to rich countries, however, labor flows are rarely bidirectional, making reciprocity moot and
leaving labor importers with all the bargaining power. One motivation for barriers to labor
inflows is political pressure from groups that are hurt by immigration. Raising immigration
would depend on creating mechanisms to transfer income from those that immigration helps to
those that it hurts. Another motivation for immigration restrictions is that labor inflows from
abroad may exacerbate distortions in an economy associated with redistributive tax and transfer
policies. Making immigration more attractive would require creating mechanisms that limit the
negative fiscal impacts of labor inflows on natives. Fiscal distortions create an incentive for
receiving countries to screen immigrants according to their perceived economic impact. For high
skilled immigrants, screening can be based on educational degrees and professional credentials,
which are relatively easy to observe. For low skilled immigrants, illegal immigration represents
an imperfect but increasingly common screening device. For policy makers in labor-importing
nations, the modest benefits freer immigration brings may simply not be worth the political
hassle. To induce high-income countries to lower border barriers, they need to get more out of
the bargain.
2009-04-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19178/1/MPRA_paper_19178.pdf
Hanson, Gordon H. (2009): The Governance of Migration Policy. Published in: Human Development Research Paper (HDRP) Series , Vol. 02, No. 2009
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19200
2019-09-30T05:52:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19200/
The Influence of International Law on the International Movement of Persons
Opeskin, Brian
K0 - General
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
Many migration theories identify ‘the law’ as a significant constraint on the international
movement of persons. While this constraint often operates through national migration
legislation, this study examines the influence of international law in shaping contemporary
patterns in the international movement of persons at the macro level. The analysis begins with an
examination of the long-established power of a State to regulate cross-border movement of
persons as an inherent attribute of State sovereignty, together with the accepted limitations on a
State’s power to control entry and exit. Yet, international law reaches well beyond the movement
of people across borders. The development of international human rights law has been a key
constraint on state action in the United Nations era by also regulating the treatment of migrants
within a State’s borders. The study considers how international law has responded to current
migration issues, including: protection of migrant women and children; suppression of
smuggling and trafficking of people; labour migration; and environmental migration. As in other
areas of international society, there has been a proliferation of institutions through which
international migration law is made and enforced. The most prominent among them are the
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the International Organization
for Migration (IOM), but the establishment of other entities with overlapping mandates has given
rise to calls for a new international migration regime based on streamlined institutional
arrangements. The study concludes that international law is an imperfect framework for
regulating the international movement of persons because it has developed in a piecemeal
fashion over a long time to deal with issues of concern at particular points in human history. Yet,
despite its shortfalls, international law and its associated institutions unquestionably play a most
important role in constraining and channeling state authority over the international movement of
persons.
2009-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19200/1/MPRA_paper_19200.pdf
Opeskin, Brian (2009): The Influence of International Law on the International Movement of Persons. Published in: Human Development Research Paper (HDRP) Series , Vol. 18, No. 2009
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19349
2019-09-29T04:45:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443632
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3139
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3333
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3133
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443532
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463533
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19349/
Framework for Analisis and Improvement of Agrarian Dynamics
Bachev, Hrabrin
D62 - Externalities
O19 - International Linkages to Development ; Role of International Organizations
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises and Nonprofit Institutions ; Privatization ; Contracting Out
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
K0 - General
D41 - Perfect Competition
O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
D52 - Incomplete Markets
F53 - International Agreements and Observance ; International Organizations
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
In this paper we incorporate interdisciplinary New Institutional and Transaction Costs Economics (combining Economics, Organization, Law, Sociology, Behavioral and Political Sciences), and suggest a framework for analyzing and improvement of governance of socio-economics dynamic of agriculture. This new approach take into account: the role of specific institutional environment (formal and informal “rules of the game”, distribution of various rights between individuals, and systems of enforcement of rights and rules; behavioral characteristics of agents (preferences, bounded rationality, tendency for opportunism, risk aversion, trust); costs of governance and critical factors of transactions (uncertainty, frequency, asset specificity, and appropriability); comparative efficiency of market, private, public and hybrid modes of governance; efficiency of alternative modes for public intervention; complementarities between different modes; needs for multilateral and multilevel governance; technological and ecological factors.
2009-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19349/1/MPRA_paper_19349.pdf
Bachev, Hrabrin (2009): Framework for Analisis and Improvement of Agrarian Dynamics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19356
2019-10-06T08:51:29Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443632
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3139
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3333
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3133
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443532
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463533
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19356/
Framework for Analisis and Improvement of Agrarian Dynamics
Bachev, Hrabrin
D62 - Externalities
O19 - International Linkages to Development ; Role of International Organizations
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises and Nonprofit Institutions ; Privatization ; Contracting Out
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
K0 - General
D41 - Perfect Competition
O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
D52 - Incomplete Markets
F53 - International Agreements and Observance ; International Organizations
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
In this paper we incorporate interdisciplinary New Institutional and Transaction Costs Economics (combining Economics, Organization, Law, Sociology, Behavioral and Political Sciences), and suggest a framework for analyzing and improvement of governance of socio-economics dynamic of agriculture. This new approach take into account: the role of specific institutional environment (formal and informal “rules of the game”, distribution of various rights between individuals, and systems of enforcement of rights and rules; behavioral characteristics of agents (preferences, bounded rationality, tendency for opportunism, risk aversion, trust); costs of governance and critical factors of transactions (uncertainty, frequency, asset specificity, and appropriability); comparative efficiency of market, private, public and hybrid modes of governance; efficiency of alternative modes for public intervention; complementarities between different modes; needs for multilateral and multilevel governance; technological and ecological factors.
2009-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19356/2/MPRA_paper_19356.pdf
Bachev, Hrabrin (2009): Framework for Analisis and Improvement of Agrarian Dynamics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20264
2019-10-02T04:40:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513135
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3333
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443032
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20264/
Framework for Analysis of Agrarian Contracts
Bachev, Hrabrin
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
L23 - Organization of Production
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation ; Agriculture and Environment
L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises and Nonprofit Institutions ; Privatization ; Contracting Out
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
K0 - General
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
Q14 - Agricultural Finance
This paper incorporates the interdisciplinary New Institutional and Transaction Costs Economics (combining Economics, Organization, Law, Sociology, Behavioral and Political Sciences) and suggests a holistic framework for analysis of agrarian contracts. First, it specifies type and importance of different mechanisms of governance of agrarian activity. Second, it defines the essence, and classifies types and features of agrarian contracts. Next, it identifies technological, institutional, behavioral, dimensional, and transaction costs factors for contractual choice, and specifies effective modes for contractual arrangements in agriculture. Finally, it determines the effective boundaries and sustainability of farm and agrarian organizations.
2010-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20264/1/MPRA_paper_20264.pdf
Bachev, Hrabrin (2010): Framework for Analysis of Agrarian Contracts.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22020
2019-09-27T21:18:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3132
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3131
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22020/
Foreign Direct Investment and Civil Rights: Testing Decreasing Returns to Civil Rights
Ponce, Aldo
K12 - Contract Law
K00 - General
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
K11 - Property Law
K31 - Labor Law
P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
In this paper, I examine the effectiveness of improvements in political and civil rights for attracting foreign direct investment flows (FDI) into democracies. I contend that advances in the quality of democracy – specifically those concerning civil rights – present positive but decreasing marginal returns in attracting FDI inflows. I empirically prove this proposition by using panel data regressions within the Latin American and Eastern European contexts from periods following their democratization (1991-2003).
2010-03-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22020/1/MPRA_paper_22020.pdf
Ponce, Aldo (2010): Foreign Direct Investment and Civil Rights: Testing Decreasing Returns to Civil Rights.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22249
2019-09-26T14:30:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3833
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22249/
The need for the establishment of a legislative framework for sustainable tourism in Kosovo
Krasniqi, Armand
K0 - General
L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism
Having into account trends and dynamics of global contemporary developments in respect to a sustainable economic and tourism development, such social actions are considered essential and are converted into standards and principles that need to be effectively implemented in our life. The tourism as economic activity is considered a very heterogeneous nature activity as in the theoretical study aspect also in its positive and negative reflection that is introduced in post modern world. Certainly, the post modernism and the globalization process itself have determined a rational approach and teamwork for all interested actors in the way that the new logic of new economic developments is based upon the principles of sustainability, balancing, and planned consumption of natural resources. The enormous development of technological techniques and the race to penetrate into global markets, in light of free trade, has caused that the exploitation of resources not just that is becoming very atrocious, but is seriously endangering the biodiversity of the global environment. The new paradigm “ for a sustainable development” requires setting of a legislative framework which requires not only the support of international convention, declaration and actions, in order to be easily implemented and acceptable by the society but to ensure and guarantee effective modern strategy for a development.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22249/1/MPRA_paper_22249.pdf
Krasniqi, Armand (2009): The need for the establishment of a legislative framework for sustainable tourism in Kosovo.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22251
2019-10-04T22:01:56Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D51:5135
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3833
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22251/
Tourism and the issue of regulation of tourism with functional legislation in countries of transition - emphasizing specially Kosovo -
Krasniqi, Armand
K0 - General
Q5 - Environmental Economics
L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism
In this work it is presented the issue of legal regulation of tourism in countries of transition emphasizing specially Kosovo. From this work you can see that tourism and hotels are important economic activities which not always are being treated with appropriate importance within the frame of social and economic development of life. Apart from the development of “massive tourism” and benefits gained by certain countries from these activities, in some countries of South-East Europe are presented serious problems especially in issuance of legislation. This lack of tourism development is a serious gap of development and attraction of foreign investments in Kosovo. Kosovo is a specific case of a transitional society because of many political problems which have generated negative impact with in the frame of economic and legal development. After the end of the last war the gap of overall economic and tourism development was influenced by many subjective and objective factors. This work not only identifies these problems but at the same time offers some measures of urgent matter in order to eliminate them and provide a balanced and qualified development.
2010-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22251/1/MPRA_paper_22251.pdf
Krasniqi, Armand (2010): Tourism and the issue of regulation of tourism with functional legislation in countries of transition - emphasizing specially Kosovo -. Published in: ICTE 2010 International conference on tourism and environment , Vol. I, (4 March 2010): pp. 279-286.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22335
2019-10-01T05:16:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3833
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22335/
Insurance contracts on tourism
Krasniqi, Armand
K0 - General
L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism
The business life in the modern world is developed upon the logia of the domination of the rules and within them an important role play those that are related to implementation of the standards that are connected with he security and insurances. Due to the need for an economic transformation it resulted with the creating of a new set of new contracts which commencing from several general principles of the obligatory law, that regulate the situation which were not established insofar, which in fact are established in practical life. These constructions of the contract law largely begin to be distinguished from the so-called classic contracts out of the civil law. The contracts, often similarly with the classic ones, with their content and intention, the differ so largely from the classical ones that now cannot be argued anymore for one of their existing contracts but for the new type of contracts, independent, sui-generis. Viewed from this plan the contract on insurance is known from the early times, but now it has been so largely transformed thus now transaction or operation within the domestic or international trade is not conducted without involvement of this contract.
2010-04-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22335/1/MPRA_paper_22335.pdf
Krasniqi, Armand (2010): Insurance contracts on tourism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22864
2019-09-27T05:45:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22864/
Understanding the Impact of Immigration on Crime
Spenkuch, Jörg L.
K00 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J18 - Public Policy
Since the 1960s both crime rates and the share of immigrants among the American population have more than doubled. Almost three quarters of Americans believe immigration increases crime, yet existing academic research has shown no such effect. Using panel data on US counties from 1980 to 2000, this paper presents empirical evidence on a systematic and economically meaningful impact of immigration on crime. Consistent with the economic model of crime this effect is strongest for crimes motivated by financial gain, such as motor vehicle theft and robbery. Moreover, the effect is only present for those immigrants most likely to have poor labor market outcomes. Failure to account for the cost of increased crime would overstate the “immigration surplus” substantially, but would most likely not reverse its sign.
2010-05-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22864/1/MPRA_paper_22864.pdf
Spenkuch, Jörg L. (2010): Understanding the Impact of Immigration on Crime.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24028
2019-09-27T06:14:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3132
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3232
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3230
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3234
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24028/
Relational contract theory and management contracts: A paradigm for the application of the Theory of the Norms
Diathesopoulos, Michael
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
K00 - General
K12 - Contract Law
K22 - Business and Securities Law
L20 - General
L24 - Contracting Out ; Joint Ventures ; Technology Licensing
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
This paper examines management contracts as a paradigm for the application of relational contracts theory and especially of the theory of contractual and relational norms. This theory, deriving from Macauley's implications, but structured and analysed by I.R. MacNeil gives us a framework for the explanation and understanding of contractual obligations and business relations' rules and practice.
After presenting the key literature about the norms theory and especially defining the content of MacNeil's norms, we define management contracts as relations, characterised by a high relational element and we explain why, investigating all their features, which make them a suitable object for an application of norms theory.
Then, we select a list of the core obligations for the recipient, provider and both parties in such a relation and we analyse each obligation according to MacNeil's model of norms. Specifically, we test the application of specific relative norms to each obligation and we examine which norms appear in which obligation.
Finally, we concentrate our results and we result to our conclusions, based on a matrix showing the strength, breadth and depth of the application of each norm, while we also compare our results to those coming up from the application of a shorter comprehensive model of norms (Austen-Baker's model). The above analysis and tests provide us valuable results about the application, significance and practical value of the theory of the norms, about the significance of each norm for business relations and finally about the potential to present a more useful and comprehensive model of norms.
2010-06-16
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24028/1/MPRA_paper_24028.pdf
Diathesopoulos, Michael (2010): Relational contract theory and management contracts: A paradigm for the application of the Theory of the Norms.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24179
2019-10-03T20:06:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D48:4837
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24179/
Taxation and the quality of institutions: asymmetric effects on FDI
Fatica, Serena
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations
K00 - General
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
Economic integration has intensified international competition to attract productive capital. This paper analyzes, both theoretically and empirically, the effect of tax policies and institutional quality on the allocation of FDI -- two aspects that the economic literature has extensively investigated, though only in isolation. I build a simple two-country partial equilibrium model to study competition among governments vying for potential investors whose location choices are driven by both the quality of institutions and the corporate tax rate. Modeling good governance as a public good, it is shown that the jurisdiction providing better institutions is able to levy a higher tax on capital. Moreover, provided firms are sensitive enough to institutional quality, it attracts a larger share of investment than the low-quality/low-tax location. The main predictions of the model are tested on FDI stocks to 63 economies using a "simple difference gravity" equation derived from discrete choice theory of firms' location. Using a pair of destination countries as the unit of analysis eliminates the need to control for multilateral interdependence among receiving countries, a source of possible bias in the traditional gravity specification in the levels. The empirical evidence corroborates the claim that the sensitivity of foreign investment to the tax rate varies significantly between host countries characterized by different levels of institutional quality. The findings are robust to a number of sensitivity checks and to the use of instrumental variables to tackle endogeneity of both tax rates and institutional quality.
2009-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24179/1/MPRA_paper_24179.pdf
Fatica, Serena (2009): Taxation and the quality of institutions: asymmetric effects on FDI.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24212
2019-09-28T19:16:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D48:4837
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24212/
Taxation and the quality of institutions: asymmetric effects on FDI
Fatica, Serena
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations
K00 - General
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
Economic integration has intensified international competition to attract productive capital. This paper analyzes, both theoretically and empirically, the effect of tax policies and institutional quality on the allocation of FDI - two aspects that the economic literature has extensively investigated, though only in isolation. I build a simple two-country partial equilibrium model to study competition among governments vying for potential investors whose location choices are driven by both the quality of institutions and the corporate tax rate. Modeling good governance as a public good, it is shown that the jurisdiction providing better institutions is able to levy a higher tax on capital. Moreover, provided firms are sensitive enough to institutional quality, it attracts a larger share of investment than the low-quality/low-tax location. The main predictions of the model are tested on FDI stocks to 63 economies using a "simple difference gravity" equation derived from discrete choice theory of firms' location. Using a pair of destination countries as the unit of analysis eliminates the need to control for multilateral interdependence among receiving countries, a source of possible bias in the traditional gravity specification in the levels. The empirical evidence corroborates the claim that the sensitivity of foreign investment to the tax rate varies significantly between host countries characterized by different levels of institutional quality. The findings are robust to a number of sensitivity checks and to the use of instrumental variables to tackle endogeneity of both tax rates and institutional quality.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24212/1/MPRA_paper_24212.pdf
Fatica, Serena (2010): Taxation and the quality of institutions: asymmetric effects on FDI.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24455
2019-09-27T00:03:55Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24455/
Internet access: where law, economy, culture and technology meet
Wong, Sulan
Altman, Eitan
Rojas-Mora, Julio
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
H41 - Public Goods
K00 - General
Internet growth has allowed unprecedented widespread access to cultural creation including music and films, to knowledge, and to a wide range of consumer information. At the same time, it has become a huge source of business opportunities. Along with great benefits that this access to the Internet provides, the open and free access to the Internet has encountered large opposition based on political, economical and ethical reasons. An ongoing battle over the control on Internet access has been escalating on all these fronts. In this paper we describe first some of the ideological roots of free access to the Internet along with its main opponents. We then focus on the problem of “Internet piracy” and analyze the efficiency of efforts to reduce the availability of copyrighted creations that are available for non-authorized free download.
2010-08-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24455/1/MPRA_paper_24455.pdf
Wong, Sulan and Altman, Eitan and Rojas-Mora, Julio (2010): Internet access: where law, economy, culture and technology meet. Forthcoming in: Computer Networks
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24760
2019-09-30T08:16:43Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24760/
Internet access: where law, economy, culture and technology meet
Wong, Sulan
Altman, Eitan
Rojas-Mora, Julio
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
H41 - Public Goods
K00 - General
Internet growth has allowed unprecedented widespread access to cultural creation including music and films, to knowledge, and to a wide range of consumer information. At the same time, it has become a huge source of business opportunities. Along with great benefits that this access to the Internet provides, the open and free access to the Internet has encountered large opposition based on political, economical and ethical reasons. An ongoing battle over the control on Internet access has been escalating on all these fronts. In this paper we describe first some of the ideological roots of free access to the Internet along with its main opponents. We then focus on the problem of “Internet piracy” and analyze the efficiency of efforts to reduce the availability of copyrighted creations that are available for non-authorized free download.
2010-08-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24760/1/MPRA_paper_24760.pdf
Wong, Sulan and Altman, Eitan and Rojas-Mora, Julio (2010): Internet access: where law, economy, culture and technology meet. Forthcoming in: Computer Networks
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:27342
2019-09-27T14:49:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27342/
The Patent Troll Business: An Efficient model to enforce IPR?
Pohlmann, Tim
Opitz, Marieke
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
K00 - General
M10 - General
Patent trolls have many faces, since the media uses this expression in various ways. The patent troll phenomenon thus seems to be an ambiguous term that is discussed in several directions. This paper reveals that a patent troll as such has no distinct shape or appearance. Our analysis redeems a troll classification solely from firms’ market position, such as being non-practicing, and shows that a patent troll business can only be defined by the respective
activities to enforce IPR. Using 10 cases, of which five are treated in detail, the analysis reveals a distinct typology of the troll business. This paper is furthermore able to identify troll behavior to be: a) an efficient mechanism to enforce IP rights and b) a strategy that yields
excessive license fees and causes inefficient negotiation costs.
2010-11-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27342/2/MPRA_paper_27342.pdf
Pohlmann, Tim and Opitz, Marieke (2010): The Patent Troll Business: An Efficient model to enforce IPR?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:28463
2019-09-28T16:36:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28463/
المشهد الحضاري العربي: سؤال المؤسسة.. سؤال الإنسان.. في تحديد ملامح الابعاد السياسية و الاقتصادية
Kouni, Mohamed
O1 - Economic Development
K0 - General
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
We try to introduce in this paper an outline of explanation of the under development sources in the Arab world, by adopting the new definition of the social capital and institutional efficiency. It will be summarized around the intuition of spontaneous institution. It signifies the respect of the other’s rights in spontaneous and unconscious make. We are demonstrated that the institutional success is linked at the collective unconscious and spontaneous behaviors of the individuals. We showed also, that every nation has a spontaneous institution translating the level of the liberty respect and the initiative degree. This institution can be qualified like a social capital in the societies where the laws are respected spontaneously by the members of the society. It can constitute, on the other hand, an economic and social obstacle in other nations. Thus, this institution affects the human quality, the use of knowledge’s and the labor force in general. Consequently, in the presence of inefficient spontaneous institution, the growth and development opportunity will be limited and the economy becomes enabling to absorb all flows of the workers.
2004
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28463/1/MPRA_paper_28463.pdf
Kouni, Mohamed (2004): المشهد الحضاري العربي: سؤال المؤسسة.. سؤال الإنسان.. في تحديد ملامح الابعاد السياسية و الاقتصادية.
ar
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:28812
2019-09-27T04:44:42Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463136
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3632
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3231
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443538
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503438
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3131
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483432
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3531
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38
7375626A656374733D48:4835:483537
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3637
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463139
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483832
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3639
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463138
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513137
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463137
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433031
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513538
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28812/
Trade sustainability impact assessment (SIA) on the comprehensive economic and trade agreement (CETA) between the EU and Canada: Final report
Kirkpatrick, Colin
Raihan, Selim
Bleser, Adam
Prud'homme, Dan
Mayrand, Karel
Morin, Jean Frederic
Pollitt, Hector
Hinojosa, Leonith
Williams, Michael
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations
L62 - Automobiles ; Other Transportation Equipment ; Related Parts and Equipment
H41 - Public Goods
K21 - Antitrust Law
D58 - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
P48 - Political Economy ; Legal Institutions ; Property Rights ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Regional Studies
K11 - Property Law
H42 - Publicly Provided Private Goods
F15 - Economic Integration
H70 - General
K33 - International Law
O51 - U.S. ; Canada
L8 - Industry Studies: Services
H57 - Procurement
L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather Goods; Household Goods; Sports Equipment
K0 - General
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
F19 - Other
H82 - Governmental Property
L69 - Other
F18 - Trade and Environment
Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade
F17 - Trade Forecasting and Simulation
O52 - Europe
B41 - Economic Methodology
C01 - Econometrics
Q58 - Government Policy
Commissioned by the European Commission, the Final Report for the EU-Canada Sustainability Impact Assessment (SIA) on the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) provides a comprehensive assessment of the potential impacts of trade liberalisation under CETA. The analysis assesses the economic, social and environmental impacts in Canada and the European Union in three main sectors, sixteen sub-sectors and across seven cross-cutting issues.
It predicts a number of macro-economic and sector-specific impacts. The macro analysis suggests the EU may see increases in real GDP of 0.02-0.03% in the long-term from CETA, whereas Canada may see increases of 0.18-0.36%. The Investment section of the report suggests these numbers could be higher when factoring in investment increases. At the sectoral level, the study predicts the greatest gains in output and trade to be stimulated by services liberalisation and by the removal of tariffs applied on sensitive agricultural products. It also suggests CETA could have a positive social impact if it includes provisions on the ILO’s Core Labour Standards and Decent Work Agenda.
The study also details a variety of impacts in various “cross-cutting” components of CETA. It finds CETA would stimulate investment in Canada, and to a lesser extent in the EU; and finds costs outweigh the benefits of including controversial NAFTA-style investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) provisions in CETA. It predicts potentially imbalanced benefits from a government procurement (GP) chapter. The study assumes CETA will lead to an upward harmonisation in intellectual property rights (IPR) regulations, particularly in Canada, which will have a number of effects. It predicts some notable impacts in terms of competition policy, as well as trade facilitation, free circulation of goods and labour mobility.
2011-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28812/1/MPRA_paper_28812.pdf
Kirkpatrick, Colin and Raihan, Selim and Bleser, Adam and Prud'homme, Dan and Mayrand, Karel and Morin, Jean Frederic and Pollitt, Hector and Hinojosa, Leonith and Williams, Michael (2011): Trade sustainability impact assessment (SIA) on the comprehensive economic and trade agreement (CETA) between the EU and Canada: Final report. Published in: European Commission Trade Assessments (September 2011)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:31171
2019-09-27T13:25:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31171/
Understanding the Impact of Immigration on Crime
Spenkuch, Jörg L.
K00 - General
J01 - Labor Economics: General
J18 - Public Policy
Since the 1960s both crime rates and the share of immigrants among the American population have more than doubled. Almost three quarters of Americans believe immigration increases crime, yet existing academic research has shown no such effect. Using panel data on US counties from 1980 to 2000, this paper presents empirical evidence on a systematic and economically meaningful impact of immigration on crime. Consistent with the economic model of crime this effect is strongest for crimes motivated by financial gain, such as motor vehicle theft and robbery. Moreover, the effect is only present for those immigrants most likely to have poor labor market outcomes. Failure to account for the cost of increased crime would overstate the “immigration surplus” substantially, but would most likely not reverse its sign.
2010-05-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31171/3/MPRA_paper_31171.pdf
Spenkuch, Jörg L. (2010): Understanding the Impact of Immigration on Crime.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:31504
2019-09-29T16:24:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31504/
Evidence disclosure and severity of punishments
Turkay, Evsen
K0 - General
C72 - Noncooperative Games
The relationship between legal offenses and punishment is well studied by scholars of sociology, economics and law. Economists contend that punishment is a cost of committing an offense, hence an increase in the severity of punishments should decrease incentives to commit legal offenses. And the efficiency of legal punishments are studied generally from this perspective: giving efficient incentives to commit legal offense. This paper studies the relationship between punishment and evidence disclosure in a game theoretical model. A defendant is trying to persuade a judge by presenting evidence to take a favorable legal action rather than less favorable ones on his case. I show
that the equilibrium disclosure of the defendant is not affected by a change in the scale of legal actions when there is no uncertainty on how the judge evaluates evidence. With uncertainty,
however, the defendant can be induced to disclose more information by decreasing the severity ratio of the most unfavorable legal action to the most favorable one. This shows that in the more realistic case of uncertainty the severity of punishments has an effect on evidence disclosure and efficiency of punishment schedule should be analyzed by internalizing its effect on evidence disclosure as well.
2011-06-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31504/1/MPRA_paper_31504.pdf
Turkay, Evsen (2011): Evidence disclosure and severity of punishments.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:31821
2019-09-29T13:15:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31821/
Evidence disclosure and severity of punishments
Turkay, Evsen
K0 - General
C72 - Noncooperative Games
The relationship between legal offenses and punishment is well studied by scholars of sociology, economics and law. Economists contend that punishment is a cost of committing an offense, hence an increase in the severity of punishments should decrease incentives to commit legal offenses. And the efficiency of legal punishments are studied generally from this perspective: giving efficient incentives to commit legal offense. This paper studies the relationship between punishment and evidence disclosure in a game theoretical model. A defendant is trying to persuade a judge by presenting evidence to take a favorable legal action rather than less favorable ones on his case. I show
that the equilibrium disclosure of the defendant is not affected by a change in the scale of legal actions when there is no uncertainty on how the judge evaluates evidence. With uncertainty,
however, the defendant can be induced to disclose more information by decreasing the severity ratio of the most unfavorable legal action to the most favorable one. This shows that in the more realistic case of uncertainty the severity of punishments has an effect on evidence disclosure and efficiency of punishment schedule should be analyzed by internalizing its effect on evidence disclosure as well.
2011-06-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31821/1/MPRA_paper_31821.pdf
Turkay, Evsen (2011): Evidence disclosure and severity of punishments.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:31923
2019-09-26T08:23:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31923/
Typology of the patent troll business
Pohlmann, Tim
Opitz, Marieke
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
K00 - General
M10 - General
Patent trolls have many faces, since the media uses this expression in various ways. The patent troll phenomenon thus seems to be an ambiguous term that is discussed in several directions. This paper reveals that a patent troll as such has no distinct shape or appearance. Our analysis redeems a troll classification solely from firms’ market position, such as being non-practicing, and shows that a patent troll business can only be defined by the respective practice to enforce IPR. Using 10 case studies, of which five are treated in detail, the analysis reveals a distinct typology of IPR enforcement mechanisms and suggests a framework to assess the troll business. This paper is furthermore able to identify the nature of troll behavior to be: a) a best practice to enforce IP rights and b) a strategy that may create costs for affected industries. The differentiated troll analysis further reveals negative but also positive effects of the troll business on incentives to innovate.
2010-11-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31923/6/MPRA_paper_31923.pdf
Pohlmann, Tim and Opitz, Marieke (2010): Typology of the patent troll business.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:33004
2019-09-26T07:53:05Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433139
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453031
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453237
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453339
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3139
7375626A656374733D45:4533
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453032
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453139
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423539
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/33004/
The Golden Mean, the Arab Spring and a 10-step analysis of American economic history
Albers, Scott
Albers, Andrew L.
E0 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
C19 - Other
E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth ; Environmental Accounts
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
C02 - Mathematical Methods
E39 - Other
K19 - Other
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
N1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics ; Industrial Structure ; Growth ; Fluctuations
E02 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
K0 - General
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
E19 - Other
E00 - General
B59 - Other
E37 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
The Long-Wave theories of Nikolai Kondratiev and others claim to find mathematic waves in economic and other social data which are at present in dispute. Currently the theory is considered outside the scope of mainstream economics under several rationales.
Despite the lack of mainstream acceptance, we make a strong case for the existence of long waves in the Real GNP of the United States with a 56 year cycle. Our analysis bypasses many of the issues cited by Long-Wave theory critics and in fact clarifies the mathematical structure of the theory.
2011-07-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/33004/1/MPRA_paper_33004.pdf
Albers, Scott and Albers, Andrew L. (2011): The Golden Mean, the Arab Spring and a 10-step analysis of American economic history. Published in: The Middle East Studies Online Journal , Vol. 3, No. 6 (3 August 2011): pp. 199-253.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:33950
2019-10-01T04:48:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523130
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503530
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/33950/
Why do French civil-law countries have higher levels of financial efficiency?
Simplice A., Simplice
R10 - General
K00 - General
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
P50 - General
G20 - General
The dominance of English common-law countries in prospects for financial development in the legal-origins debate has been debunked by recent findings. Using exchange rate regimes and economic/monetary integration oriented hypotheses, this paper proposes an “inflation uncertainty theory” in providing theoretical justification and empirical validity as to why French civil-law countries have higher levels of financial allocation efficiency. Inflation uncertainty, typical of floating exchange rate regimes accounts for the allocation inefficiency of financial intermediary institutions in English common-law countries. As a policy implication, results support the benefits of fixed exchange rate regimes in financial intermediary allocation efficiency.
2011-10-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/33950/1/MPRA_paper_33950.pdf
Simplice A., Simplice (2011): Why do French civil-law countries have higher levels of financial efficiency?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:34266
2019-10-03T10:35:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D48:4832
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503438
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3134
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34:4E3433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/34266/
Taxes, lawyers, and the decline of witch trials in France
Johnson, Noel D
Koyama, Mark
K0 - General
H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
P48 - Political Economy ; Legal Institutions ; Property Rights ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Regional Studies
K14 - Criminal Law
N43 - Europe: Pre-1913
This paper explores the rise of the fiscal state in the early modern period and its impact on legal capacity. To measure legal capacity, we establish that witchcraft trials were more likely to take place where the central state had weak legal insti- tutions. Combining data on the geographic distribution of witchcraft trials with unique panel data on tax receipts across 21 French regions, we find that the rise of the tax state can account for much of the decline in witch trials during this period. Further historical evidence supports our hypothesis that higher taxes led to better legal institutions.
2011-10-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/34266/1/MPRA_paper_34266.pdf
Johnson, Noel D and Koyama, Mark (2011): Taxes, lawyers, and the decline of witch trials in France.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:35502
2019-09-28T04:31:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503136
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35502/
Law, democracy and the quality of government in Africa
Simplice A, Asongu
P43 - Public Economics ; Financial Economics
O10 - General
K00 - General
P16 - Political Economy
P50 - General
This paper examines the big questions of African comparative politics. It assesses the interaction of three crucial components in the development of the continent: law, democracy and quality of government. Political regimes of democracy, polity and autocracy are instrumented with income-levels, legal-origins, religious-dominations and press-freedom levels to account for government quality dynamics of corruption-control, government-effectiveness, voice and accountability, political-stability, regulation quality and rule of law. Findings indicate democracy has an edge over autocracy while the later and polity overlap. A democracy that takes into account only the voice of the majority is better in government quality than autocracy, while a democracy that takes into account the voice of the minority (polity) is worse in government quality than autocracy. As a policy implication, democracy once initiated should be accelerated to edge the appeals of authoritarian regimes and reap the benefits of time and level hypotheses.
2011-12-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35502/1/MPRA_paper_35502.pdf
Simplice A, Asongu (2011): Law, democracy and the quality of government in Africa.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:35928
2019-09-28T15:37:38Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35928/
The state and autonomous communities in spain: A Relationship that Complicates the Task of Reducing Public Deficit
Cazorla Prieto, Luis Maria
K0 - General
The needs imposed by the economic, ideological and institutional crisis have brought along new functions for the public sector. Nevertheless, within this new scene, the intense decentralisation of financial issues, which is characteristic of the Spanish State, makes it bad-suited for prompt and efficient compliance with decisions taken by the organisations that compose the embryonic global financial governance system and hinders tasks such as the unavoidable reduction of public deficit difficult.
2010-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35928/1/MPRA_paper_35928.pdf
Cazorla Prieto, Luis Maria (2010): The state and autonomous communities in spain: A Relationship that Complicates the Task of Reducing Public Deficit. Published in: Aestimatio No. 1 (December 2010): pp. 1-12.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:36027
2019-09-27T10:48:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D47:4732
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36027/
The chinese financial system at the Dawn of the 21st century: An Overview
Yulu, Chen
Yong, Ma
Ke, Tang
K0 - General
G2 - Financial Institutions and Services
O5 - Economywide Country Studies
Based on a systematic review and summarization of China’s 30 years of financial reform and development, this paper comprehensively analyzes the past, present and future development of China’s financial system and also presents the mechanism for China’s financial development from the view of political economics. Generally, the Chinese financial system is bank-oriented. The property rights structure, led by state-owned banks, is the prominent
feature of the Chinese banking system. Equity, bond, money, currency and real estate markets have been developing rapidly; however, the development rate of these markets varies, and institutional construction generally falls behind the market development. China’s financial decision-making authority belongs to the State Council, and the financial supervision system adopts the mode of “separate regulation.” China’s state-driven, progressive
financial reforms have promoted the formation of the government-led financial structure, which is composed of three parts: first, monetary policy, balancing both inflation control and economic growth; second, bank credit expansion under the implicit guarantee of the
state; and third, the adjustable pegged exchange rate system based on capital controls. The next phase of financial reform in China will mainly focus on the following four key goals: first, to further improve the corporate governance and the mixed operation of financial
institutions; second, to construct the institution of a financial market system and improve the effectiveness of the financial markets; third, to re-integrate regulatory resources, combine macro- and micro-prudent views, and establish a comprehensive framework for financial stability; fourth, to promote the liberalization of interest rates, marketization of the exchange rate and the opening of capital accounts based on a progressive approach
and to improve the openness of the financial system based on macroeconomic stability.
2011-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36027/1/MPRA_paper_36027.pdf
Yulu, Chen and Yong, Ma and Ke, Tang (2011): The chinese financial system at the Dawn of the 21st century: An Overview. Published in: Aestimatio. The IEB International Journal of Finance No. 2 (July 2011): pp. 1-40.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:36338
2019-10-01T05:40:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433733
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36338/
Attorney empowerment in Voir Dire and the racial composition of juries
Lehmann, Jee-Yeon
Smith, Jeremy
K0 - General
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
C73 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games ; Evolutionary Games ; Repeated Games
Giving attorneys more power in the voir dire (jury selection) process may allow them to 1) find grounds for dismissal of jurors whom they wish to strike on a priori grounds; 2) acquire information that enables them to identify favorably-inclined jurors more precisely; or both. Attorneys who are more skilled can better use such increased power to retain the jurors they prefer. We show theoretically that, because defense attorneys prefer non-white jurors a priori, the interaction of empowerment and defense attorney skill should produce juries with a greater proportion of non-whites if only the first mechanism is operative, but need not have this effect if the second is operative. We then examine these issues using a detailed dataset on all non-capital felony trials in four large and diverse counties over a two-year period. We find that skilled and empowered attorneys can indeed stack juries by retaining jurors predisposed to their side at a greater rate, and that the distribution of relative attorney skill in our data is such that defendants benefit on average. However, we find that empowerment has a small and insignificant impact on the racial composition of the seated jury, regardless of attorney skill.
2011-11-16
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36338/1/MPRA_paper_36338.pdf
Lehmann, Jee-Yeon and Smith, Jeremy (2011): Attorney empowerment in Voir Dire and the racial composition of juries.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:36643
2019-10-02T18:57:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3330
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36643/
Statul de drept din perspectivă economică
Argesanu, Nicolae Razvan
K00 - General
K30 - General
K10 - General
State involvement in the economy and society in general was and is still a fundamental problem, being approached by the all schools of economic thought. Its role was perceived differently from one historical stage to another and from one country to another, always constituting itself in a matter of political dispute, both in theory and in practice. In these circumstances, the issue of rule of law , defined by the Jacques Chevallier, as the "type of political regime in which state power is framed and limited by law", initially appreciated that represents a lawyers privilege, by starting from the privilege of the idea that all: rulers and ruled, the state, shall be subject to law, that "nobody is above the law", is approached from the twentieth century by philosophers, politicians or, recently, economists opposing to the totalitarian state and welfare state.
2012-02-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36643/1/MPRA_paper_36643.pdf
Argesanu, Nicolae Razvan (2012): Statul de drept din perspectivă economică.
ro
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:37039
2019-09-28T14:59:23Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37039/
Creating the missing link: applying collective marks to create clusters
Ghafele, Roya
K0 - General
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
Collective marks guarantee ownership over a community’s intangible wealth and in this sense not only reinforce its branding activities, but set up a new structure in which community business can function. Systems of local innovation may thus be developed through the design of an adequate legal infrastructure, paving the way for the solution of policy concerns, such as rural exodus or unemployment.
Cluster theory argues that, if small and medium sized enterprises intensify their degree of interaction to build up networks, this reduces costs, dependence on large firms, provides access to new markets and helps improve the position of the cluster in the market. All these functions can be reinforced through collective marks, which offer a legal context for the cluster’s governance structure, its standards and quality controls and system of collaboration. These features are particularly of relevance in a sector like tourism, where cooperation is a prerequisite for success. Empirical evidence suggests a certain sense of confusion on the role of trade mark protection in clusters: Individual marks are used as if they were collective marks, collective marks are used without further consideration of the economic aspects or intellectual property protection is altogether ignored.
In practice the wide range of opportunities provided by collective trademarks remains unexploited. Interdisciplinary approaches to IP may help to bridge a gap, observed both within academia and in practice, and thus join the IP law perspective to the evolving management literature on cluster theory.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37039/1/MPRA_paper_37039.pdf
Ghafele, Roya (2009): Creating the missing link: applying collective marks to create clusters. Forthcoming in: Oxford Journal on Intellectual Property Law and Practice , Vol. 1, No. 4 (2009): pp. 57-66.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39722
2019-09-28T18:42:11Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453032
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
7375626A656374733D45:4536
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39722/
Bounded Leviathan: or why North & Weingast are only right on the right half
Irigoin, A
E02 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
K0 - General
N0 - General
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
P48 - Political Economy ; Legal Institutions ; Property Rights ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Regional Studies
‘Constitutions and Commitments” has inspired the economic literature on the importance of “Legal origins” (LaPorta et al., 1998, 2008), which vindicates the notion that post-Glorious Revolution English institutions were particularly conducive to economic growth. More recently economists have acknowledged that growth in fact depends on “state capacity”. This encompasses not only investor protection (legal capacity) but also the ability of the state to finance itself, “fiscal capacity”.(Besley and Persson, 2009, 2010) show that the protection of private property rights and that of public property rights to taxation are linked and most likely co-evolutionary. However, the precise relation between the two is anything but clear. This paper argues that North and Weingast’s model’s one-sided focus on state coercion that threatened subjects’ property rights has obscured the relation between coercion used in revenue collection and total revenue role of fiscal capacity.
We suggest a very simple model to show that this relationship between state fiscal capacity and legal capacity is not linear, especially in the phase of nation state building. The case of Spain provides empirical evidence for the existence of states were an increase in coercion would have improved fiscal capacity, but high levels of legal capacity paradoxically prevented the ruler from adopting this path. We use financial market developments to show the serious welfare implications that resulted from such a lack of coordination and integration.
2012-06-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39722/1/MPRA_paper_39722.pdf
Irigoin, A (2012): Bounded Leviathan: or why North & Weingast are only right on the right half. Published in: LSE Economic History Department Working Papers No. 164/12 : pp. 1-33.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39763
2019-09-26T21:50:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D50:5030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D41:4131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39763/
Moneyless Economy
Das, Subhendu
E0 - General
P0 - General
K0 - General
A1 - General Economics
Moneyless economy (MLE) does not have any money in the economy. All products and services are free for all people. This means everybody must work, work for free, and get everything they want for free also. Any work that a society needs is considered legitimate. MLE is not socialism. MLE has the ability to provide a lifestyle that anyone wants. We show that it is possible to run the exact same economy that we have now, in the exact same way, and without money. Any government of any country can make smooth transition to MLE if it so desires and is not afraid of money power that exists today in our society. MLE will eliminate poverty, crime, corruption, and wars from the world. MLE will protect environment, human values, and bring true democracy to all countries. In a sense MLE will bring heaven on earth. We should understand that the money is free, like air, for the central bank, thus in one sense we have MLE now. Similarly the earth as given to us is also free. Thus all we need to implement MLE is to change our mindset. We need MLE for the evolution of the society to the next higher level.
2012-06-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39763/1/MPRA_paper_39763.pdf
Das, Subhendu (2012): Moneyless Economy. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:40195
2019-09-26T13:43:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40195/
Strict liability versus negligence
Schaefer, Hans-Bernd
Mueller-Langer, Frank
K0 - General
The purpose of this chapter is to compare negligence rules and strict liability rules and to examine the allocative effects resulting from the application of different liability regimes. It first discusses unilateral accidents, while the more complicated bilateral cases follow afterwards. Each section starts with a discussion of the rule of no liability before moving on to various forms of negligence and ending with various strict liability rules. At the end of each section, there is a discussion on how results change when relaxing specific assumptions. The various aspects are summarised focusing on the question of whether the outcome under a specific liability regime is efficient or not. We also discuss several more specific topics of interest, for example, the information generating consequence of negligence, the allocative effects of various liability rules when agents enter into a contractual relationship, product liability, cases of ‘joint liability’, the impact of uncertain legal standards, and the interaction between liability law and insurance.
2008-06-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40195/1/MPRA_paper_40195.pdf
Schaefer, Hans-Bernd and Mueller-Langer, Frank (2008): Strict liability versus negligence.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:40364
2019-10-04T16:22:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493131
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443032
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D50:5032
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503136
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483434
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443033
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3332
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493138
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503134
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40364/
The other side of the coin: The privatization phenomenon and realization of public welfare in a Single European Health Care System? A sketch from the perspective of the economic theory of law
Janoska, Wilfried
I11 - Analysis of Health Care Markets
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
H41 - Public Goods
K00 - General
P2 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies
P16 - Political Economy
H44 - Publicly Provided Goods: Mixed Markets
D03 - Behavioral Microeconomics: Underlying Principles
K32 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
I18 - Government Policy ; Regulation ; Public Health
P14 - Property Rights
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
The commonwealth cannot be equated with the state nor can the common good of society be sustained by government action alone. Rather, the activities of all members of society are crucial importance. Such private sector activities also define the development of national healthcare markets in the convergence to a single health care market in the EU. The desired result of securing reliable and socially equitable provision of the people was associated with considerable costs for responsible administrative units. Especially in times of weak economic activity, this led to a significant burden on public budgets. Thus, the disadvantages of state activities typically form the starting point for privatizations. The contribution is about the consequences of privatization in the area of public services, particularly public hospitals. It is based on the methods of economic theory of law and introduces the importance of the reservations of the “desired” and “feasible” towards the creation of a mandate to the EU in the health sector. Question is whether and to what extent the state is losing its influence on public health structures, and what consequences it can have, if the services are not permanently guaranteed by any other means. Such a transformation process raises the question whether the reversal of privatization, i.e. of a hospital, does fall within the remit of the EU. In the alternative, whether an obligation of the EU arises, to create a (buffering compensatory) framework for such community projects. The parallels are obvious to the financial sector.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40364/1/MPRA_paper_40364.pdf
Janoska, Wilfried (2012): The other side of the coin: The privatization phenomenon and realization of public welfare in a Single European Health Care System? A sketch from the perspective of the economic theory of law. Published in: Crisis Aftermath: Economic policy changes in the EU and its Member States, Conference Proceedings, Szeged, University of Szeged , Vol. ISBN 9, (2012): pp. 391-411.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:40403
2019-09-29T08:08:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E32:4E3233
7375626A656374733D48:4831:483131
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443032
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34:4E3434
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40403/
Standardizing the fiscal state: cabal tax farming as an Intermediate Institution in early-modern England and France
Noel D., Johnson
Mark, Koyama
N23 - Europe: Pre-1913
H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
K00 - General
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, Operations, and Impact
N44 - Europe: 1913-
How did modern and centralized fiscal institutions emerge? We develop a model that explains (i) why pre-industrial states relied on private individuals to collect taxes; (ii) why after 1600 both England and France moved from competitive methods for collecting revenues to allocating the right to collect taxes to a small group of financiers—a intermediate institution that we call cabal tax farming—and (iii) why this centralization led to investments in fiscal capacity and increased fiscal standardization. We provide detailed historical evidence that supports our prediction that rulers abandoned the competitive allocation of tax rights in favor of cabal tax farming in order to gain access to inside credit and that this transition was accompanied by investments in standardization. Finally (iv) we show why this intermediate institution proved to be self-undermining in England where it was quickly replaced by direct collection, but lasted in France until the French Revolution.
2012-07-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40403/1/MPRA_paper_40403.pdf
Noel D., Johnson and Mark, Koyama (2012): Standardizing the fiscal state: cabal tax farming as an Intermediate Institution in early-modern England and France.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:40500
2019-09-28T05:06:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31:4E3133
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3134
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34:4E3433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40500/
The Law and Economics of Private Prosecutions in Industrial Revolution England
Koyama, Mark
N13 - Europe: Pre-1913
K00 - General
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
K14 - Criminal Law
N43 - Europe: Pre-1913
Can the market provide law enforcement? This paper addresses this question by examining an historical case-study: the system of private prosecutions that prevailed in England prior to the introduction of the police. Using a model of the market for crime, I examine why this system came under strain during the Industrial Revolution, and how private associations were able to emerge to internalize the externalities that caused the private system to generate too little deterrence. The model and historical evidence suggest that these private order institutions were partially successful in meliorating the problem of crime in a period when Public Choice considerations precluded the introduction of a professional police force.
2012-07-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40500/1/MPRA_paper_40500.pdf
Koyama, Mark (2012): The Law and Economics of Private Prosecutions in Industrial Revolution England.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:40877
2019-09-27T07:27:04Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D50:5030:503030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30:4E3030
7375626A656374733D4E:4E39:4E3935
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40877/
The long diverfence: how Islamic law held back the Middle East by Timur Kuran
Islahi, Abdul Azim
P00 - General
O53 - Asia including Middle East
K00 - General
N00 - General
N95 - Asia including Middle East
B00 - General
P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
This is a critical evaluation of the book entitled The Long Divergence:How Islamic Law Held Back the Middle East by Timur Kuran.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40877/1/MPRA_paper_40877.pdf
Islahi, Abdul Azim (2012): The long diverfence: how Islamic law held back the Middle East by Timur Kuran. Published in: Journal of King Abdulaziz University - Islamic Economics , Vol. 25, No. 2 (2012): pp. 253-261.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:40892
2019-10-09T04:32:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443632
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433738
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433731
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40892/
Transaction Costs can Encourage Coasean Bargaining
Robson, Alex
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
D62 - Externalities
C78 - Bargaining Theory ; Matching Theory
C71 - Cooperative Games
K00 - General
When there are three parties, it is well known that the Coase Theorem may not hold even when there are no transaction costs, due to the emptiness of the core of the corresponding cooperative game [Aivazian and Callen (1981)]. We show that the standard Coasean bargaining game involving three parties is strategically equivalent to an asymmetric three player majority game. Hence, when there are three parties, the Coase Theorem fails if and only if the core of the corresponding three player majority game is empty. We use this equivalence result to derive all instances in which the Coase Theorem will and will not hold with three parties, and show that the Coase Theorem will actually hold most (over 80 per cent) of the time. We also demonstrate, in contrast to Aivazian and Callen (2003), that it is always possible to find a set of transaction costs which, when introduced into a frictionless bargaining situation, will cause an empty core to become non-empty. In other words, with suitably designed transaction costs, it is possible for the Coase Theorem to hold in cases where, in the absence of those transaction costs, it would fail to hold. When there are three parties, rather than hindering agreements, transaction costs can encourage Coasean bargaining.
2012-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/40892/1/MPRA_paper_40892.pdf
Robson, Alex (2012): Transaction Costs can Encourage Coasean Bargaining.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:41370
2019-09-28T04:52:56Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3132
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423539
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41370/
Maqasid-e Shari`at
Islahi, Abdul Azim
Z12 - Religion
K00 - General
B59 - Other
G20 - General
This is a critical book review of Muhammad Nejatullh Siddiqi's work Maqasid-e Shariah. The book especially examines role of the Shariah objectives in formulation economic policy of an Islamic state and its finance.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41370/1/MPRA_paper_41370.pdf
Islahi, Abdul Azim (2009): Maqasid-e Shari`at. Published in: Journal of King Abdulaziz University – Islamic Economics , Vol. 23, No. 2 (2010): pp. 237-246.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:41674
2019-09-26T08:24:55Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D50:5030:503030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30:4E3030
7375626A656374733D4E:4E39:4E3935
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41674/
The long divergence: how Islamic law held back the Middle East by Timur Kuran
Islahi, Abdul Azim
P00 - General
O53 - Asia including Middle East
K00 - General
N00 - General
N95 - Asia including Middle East
B00 - General
P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
This is a critical evaluation of the book entitled The Long Divergence:How Islamic Law Held Back the Middle East by Timur Kuran.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41674/1/MPRA_paper_41674.pdf
Islahi, Abdul Azim (2012): The long divergence: how Islamic law held back the Middle East by Timur Kuran. Published in: Journal of King Abdulaziz University - Islamic Economics , Vol. 25, No. 2 (2012): pp. 253-261.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:41930
2019-09-26T15:23:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D59:5931
7375626A656374733D48:4835
7375626A656374733D52:5235
7375626A656374733D4C:4C37
7375626A656374733D51:5134
7375626A656374733D49:4932
7375626A656374733D48:4837
7375626A656374733D5A:5A30
7375626A656374733D50:5033
7375626A656374733D4E:4E35
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41930/
Research and Science Today No.2
MUREŞAN, Adriana Rodica
CRISTESCU, Cătălin
RUSU, Anca-Elena
MĂRCĂU, Flavius-Cristian
CIOREI, Mihaela Andreea
CIUBOTARU, Iulian Marcel
DAMIAN, Irina
ŞERBAN, Ileana Daniela
POPA (LUPU), Diana-Gabriela
GHEORGHE, Anamaria Elena
GHERVASE, Denis – Gabriela
IOSIF, Daniel
MARIN, Ştefan - Claudiu
MARIN, Camelia
RUXANDA, Mihaela
K0 - General
I0 - General
Y1 - Data: Tables and Charts
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
R5 - Regional Government Analysis
L7 - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction
Q4 - Energy
I2 - Education and Research Institutions
H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations
Z0 - General
P3 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions
N5 - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries
N4 - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation
Research and Science Today Journal is a publication founded in 2011 and it is dedicated to the students of all levels (license, master and doctoral) of faculties in the country and abroad. We want to offer the participants the opportunity to present their scientific works in the following areas: Social Sciences, Economic Sciences, Legal Sciences, Humanities, Education Sciences, Engineering, Medicine and Sport.
This journal provides students the opportunity to create and / or to improve their abilities to write scientific papers. So each appearance (two appearances per year at which we can add supplements) contains a number of papers written by students, masters and doctoral from the faculties from the country or / and abroad. The journal promotes original studies contributing to the progress of knowledge and it is motivated by the need to address issues of theory and practice in the areas mentioned above.
The Journal is a training means of the factors involved in the conceptualization, development, implementation and evaluation , aiming the formation of creative personalities who could be able to adapt through the changing conditions of life.
Journal wants to be a forum for debates disciplinaries and interdisciplinaries theoretical topics, to become a research support, to leverage this work at regional, national and international levels.
We believe that this gathering will enjoy the support from both parts of the researchers and of the practitioners, and will provide appropriate training sources held professional through the current problems.
2011-12-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41930/1/MPRA_paper_41930.pdf
MUREŞAN, Adriana Rodica and CRISTESCU, Cătălin and RUSU, Anca-Elena and MĂRCĂU, Flavius-Cristian and CIOREI, Mihaela Andreea and CIUBOTARU, Iulian Marcel and DAMIAN, Irina and ŞERBAN, Ileana Daniela and POPA (LUPU), Diana-Gabriela and GHEORGHE, Anamaria Elena and GHERVASE, Denis – Gabriela and IOSIF, Daniel and MARIN, Ştefan - Claudiu and MARIN, Camelia and RUXANDA, Mihaela (2011): Research and Science Today No.2. Published in: Research and Science Today
ro
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:41931
2023-06-26T07:41:41Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D4E:4E39
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33
7375626A656374733D48:4835
7375626A656374733D50:5031
7375626A656374733D5A:5A30
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38
7375626A656374733D46:4632
7375626A656374733D4E:4E35
7375626A656374733D44:4438
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D52:5234
7375626A656374733D52:5235
7375626A656374733D51:5132
7375626A656374733D49:4932
7375626A656374733D59:5933
7375626A656374733D4E:4E34
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41931/
Research and Science Today No.3
Gheorghe, Anamaria Elena
Manole, Andrada Ligia
Andronache, Alin
Cristescu, Cătălin
Luca, Cătălin Viorel
Constantin, Pompiliu Nicolae
Rogojanu, Dumitru Cătălin
Luca, Constantin
Duţă, Andeea Emilia
Mărcău, Flavius Cristian
Ciorei, Mihaela Andreea
Marin, Ştefan Claudiu
Mihalache, Gabriela
Liţoiu (MurăriIţa), Cristina
Cigăreanu, Elena
Purcaru, Mihai
Bușe, Dan
Papuc, Valentin
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
F0 - General
N9 - Regional and Urban History
A1 - General Economics
N3 - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
P1 - Capitalist Systems
Z0 - General
L8 - Industry Studies: Services
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
N5 - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
L0 - General
K0 - General
K3 - Other Substantive Areas of Law
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
R4 - Transportation Economics
R5 - Regional Government Analysis
Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation
I2 - Education and Research Institutions
Y3 - Book Reviews (unclassified)
N4 - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation
Research and Science Today Journal is a publication founded in 2011 and it is dedicated to the students of all levels (license, master and doctoral) of faculties in the country and abroad. We want to offer the participants the opportunity to present their scientific works in the following areas: Social Sciences, Economic Sciences, Legal Sciences, Humanities, Education Sciences, Engineering, Medicine and Sport.
This journal provides students the opportunity to create and / or to improve their abilities to write scientific papers. So each appearance (two appearances per year at which we can add supplements) contains a number of papers written by students, masters and doctoral from the faculties from the country or / and abroad. The journal promotes original studies contributing to the progress of knowledge and it is motivated by the need to address issues of theory and practice in the areas mentioned above.
The Journal is a training means of the factors involved in the conceptualization, development, implementation and evaluation , aiming the formation of creative personalities who could be able to adapt through the changing conditions of life.
Journal wants to be a forum for debates disciplinaries and interdisciplinaries theoretical topics, to become a research support, to leverage this work at regional, national and international levels.
We believe that this gathering will enjoy the support from both parts of the researchers and of the practitioners, and will provide appropriate training sources held professional through the current problems.
2012-03-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41931/1/MPRA_paper_41931.pdf
Gheorghe, Anamaria Elena and Manole, Andrada Ligia and Andronache, Alin and Cristescu, Cătălin and Luca, Cătălin Viorel and Constantin, Pompiliu Nicolae and Rogojanu, Dumitru Cătălin and Luca, Constantin and Duţă, Andeea Emilia and Mărcău, Flavius Cristian and Ciorei, Mihaela Andreea and Marin, Ştefan Claudiu and Mihalache, Gabriela and Liţoiu (MurăriIţa), Cristina and Cigăreanu, Elena and Purcaru, Mihai and Bușe, Dan and Papuc, Valentin (2012): Research and Science Today No.3. Published in: Research and Science Today
ro
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:41932
2019-09-27T12:55:20Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D48:4830
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
7375626A656374733D52:5230
7375626A656374733D48:4837
7375626A656374733D50:5033
7375626A656374733D5A:5A30
7375626A656374733D43:4332
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30
7375626A656374733D43:4336
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D59:5931
7375626A656374733D43:4337
7375626A656374733D52:5235
7375626A656374733D51:5134
7375626A656374733D51:5132
7375626A656374733D59:5938
7375626A656374733D49:4932
7375626A656374733D59:5933
7375626A656374733D43:4333
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33
7375626A656374733D51:5130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41932/
Research and Science Today Supplement No.1(3)/2012
Bădilă, Andreea Iuliana
Sucilă căs. Pahoni, Cipriana
Mihuţ, Cosmin
Filip, Dan Andrei
Ciubotaru, Iulian Marcel
Luca, Cătălin-Viorel
Mănescu, Alexandra Florina
Pipoș, Cristina
Popa (Lupu), Diana Gabriela
Dinu (Dragomir), Maria Magdalena
Petric, Paulian Timotei
Bran, Răzvan
Constantin, Veronica
Postăvaru, Gianina Ioana
Ciolan, Ioana Monica
Papuc, Valentin
Moșoi, Ștefan Cristian
Gheorghe, Anamaria Elena
Clucerescu (Tănase), Emilia Elena
Marin, Ştefan Claudiu
Ciorei, Mihaela Andreea
Mărcău, Flavius Cristian
Mihaela, Ruxanda
Marin, Camelia
Enescu, Camelia
Ealangi, Ionuț
Purcaru, Mihai
Pop, Alexandra Raluca
Bojincă, Moise
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
F0 - General
H0 - General
A1 - General Economics
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
R0 - General
H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations
P3 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions
Z0 - General
C2 - Single Equation Models ; Single Variables
L0 - General
C6 - Mathematical Methods ; Programming Models ; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling
K0 - General
I0 - General
Y1 - Data: Tables and Charts
C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
R5 - Regional Government Analysis
Q4 - Energy
Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation
Y8 - Related Disciplines
I2 - Education and Research Institutions
Y3 - Book Reviews (unclassified)
C3 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models ; Multiple Variables
L3 - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise
Q0 - General
Research and Science Today Journal is a publication founded in 2011 and it is dedicated to the students of all levels (license, master and doctoral) of faculties in the country and abroad. We want to offer the participants the opportunity to present their scientific works in the following areas: Social Sciences, Economic Sciences, Legal Sciences, Humanities, Education Sciences, Engineering, Medicine and Sport.
This journal provides students the opportunity to create and / or to improve their abilities to write scientific papers. So each appearance (two appearances per year at which we can add supplements) contains a number of papers written by students, masters and doctoral from the faculties from the country or / and abroad. The journal promotes original studies contributing to the progress of knowledge and it is motivated by the need to address issues of theory and practice in the areas mentioned above.
The Journal is a training means of the factors involved in the conceptualization, development, implementation and evaluation , aiming the formation of creative personalities who could be able to adapt through the changing conditions of life.
Journal wants to be a forum for debates disciplinaries and interdisciplinaries theoretical topics, to become a research support, to leverage this work at regional, national and international levels.
We believe that this gathering will enjoy the support from both parts of the researchers and of the practitioners, and will provide appropriate training sources held professional through the current problems.
2012-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41932/1/MPRA_paper_41932.pdf
Bădilă, Andreea Iuliana and Sucilă căs. Pahoni, Cipriana and Mihuţ, Cosmin and Filip, Dan Andrei and Ciubotaru, Iulian Marcel and Luca, Cătălin-Viorel and Mănescu, Alexandra Florina and Pipoș, Cristina and Popa (Lupu), Diana Gabriela and Dinu (Dragomir), Maria Magdalena and Petric, Paulian Timotei and Bran, Răzvan and Constantin, Veronica and Postăvaru, Gianina Ioana and Ciolan, Ioana Monica and Papuc, Valentin and Moșoi, Ștefan Cristian and Gheorghe, Anamaria Elena and Clucerescu (Tănase), Emilia Elena and Marin, Ştefan Claudiu and Ciorei, Mihaela Andreea and Mărcău, Flavius Cristian and Mihaela, Ruxanda and Marin, Camelia and Enescu, Camelia and Ealangi, Ionuț and Purcaru, Mihai and Pop, Alexandra Raluca and Bojincă, Moise (2012): Research and Science Today Supplement No.1(3)/2012. Published in: Research and Science Today
ro
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:42146
2019-09-26T08:17:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E38:4E3835
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D50:5030:503030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503531
7375626A656374733D4E:4E38:4E3830
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42146/
Book review: The long divergence: how Islamic law held back the Middle East by Timur Kuran
Islahi, Abdul Azim
N85 - Asia including Middle East
O1 - Economic Development
P00 - General
K00 - General
P51 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems
N80 - General, International, or Comparative
B00 - General
This is a critical evaluation of the book entitled The Long Divergence:How Islamic Law Held Back the Middle East by Timur Kuran.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42146/1/MPRA_paper_42146.pdf
Islahi, Abdul Azim (2012): Book review: The long divergence: how Islamic law held back the Middle East by Timur Kuran. Published in: Journal of King Abdulaziz University - Islamic Economics , Vol. 25, No. 2 (2012): pp. 253-261.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:43484
2019-10-04T04:45:11Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D42:4233:423331
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30:4E3030
7375626A656374733D45:4531
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D45:4533
7375626A656374733D42:4230
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D44:4434
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D44:4430
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423430
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423539
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443030
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43484/
Predicting crises: Five essays on the mathematic prediction of economic and social crises
Albers, Scott
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
E0 - General
B31 - Individuals
C0 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
N00 - General
E1 - General Aggregative Models
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
N0 - General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
B0 - General
K0 - General
C00 - General
C5 - Econometric Modeling
K00 - General
B50 - General
D4 - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
A10 - General
D0 - General
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
B40 - General
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
B59 - Other
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
D00 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
This volume – Predicting Crisis: Five Essays on the Mathematic Prediction of Economic and Social Crises – is the first of three sets of essays. In this first set the economic and social history of the United States is shown to be a “system of movement,” i.e. a logical and mathematic progression of events which may be analyzed according to a set formula. The model proposed demonstrates that the citizen’s individual “consciousness” is writ large in the macro-economic statistics of this unique economy and thereby made available for inspection at other levels of reality.
2012-12-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43484/1/MPRA_paper_43484.pdf
Albers, Scott (2012): Predicting crises: Five essays on the mathematic prediction of economic and social crises. Published in: Middle East Studies On-line Journal , Vol. Volume, No. Issue 6 (8 August 2011): pp. 199-253.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44054
2019-09-27T04:54:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3232
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44054/
Executive Remuneration as an Aspect of Corporate Governance under OHADA's Corporate System
Kelong, Richard William Ngwa
K0 - General
K22 - Business and Securities Law
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
With growing importance attached to the notion of executive remuneration, OHADA’s policy makers have also considered the concept as a fundamental element in any corporate governance system. In this regard, they have put in place a policy framework that regulates executive remuneration within OHADA’s corporate system to ensure that executive benefits are appropriate and lawful to enable directors remain objective in respect of their fiduciary duties towards the company. This paper discusses executive remuneration as an aspect of corporate governance under OHADA's corporate system. In doing so, the paper describes the executive remuneration policy under OHADA's corporate system and makes an appraisal of the abovementioned policy with the goal of stating its potential and limitation as well as proposing a reform that will guarantee its effectiveness as a mechanism in ensuring good corporate governance.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44054/1/MPRA_paper_44054.pdf
Kelong, Richard William Ngwa (2009): Executive Remuneration as an Aspect of Corporate Governance under OHADA's Corporate System.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44416
2019-09-30T01:42:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413139
7375626A656374733D42:4235
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D43:4337
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433730
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463539
7375626A656374733D46:4636
7375626A656374733D46:4636:463630
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30:4E3030
7375626A656374733D50:5030
7375626A656374733D50:5030:503030
7375626A656374733D50:5034
7375626A656374733D50:5035
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44416/
Foundations of the economic and social history of the United States: Theoretical
Albers, Scott
A1 - General Economics
A10 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A19 - Other
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
C02 - Mathematical Methods
C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
C70 - General
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
F59 - Other
F6 - Economic Impacts of Globalization
F60 - General
K0 - General
K00 - General
N0 - General
N00 - General
P0 - General
P00 - General
P4 - Other Economic Systems
P5 - Comparative Economic Systems
In sum, in these essays I explore the self-similarity between levels, the fractal structure of reality, through an investigation of an inherent and unavoidable uncertainty which is unique to each level. These essays will demonstrate that as each level struggles to resolve its own inherent uncertainty, a new and higher structure is forced to emerge. This new level largely resolves the problems generated by the inherent uncertainty of the lower level, but evolves its own inherent uncertainty, one which is unique to itself as a new and higher level. By identifying and describing clearly these inherent uncertainties we trace the chain of being mentioned above. We may also outline the basic structure of each new level for in the effort to confront inherent uncertainty the new level must and will mimic the structure of lower level which gave it birth.
Considering the levels above, we discover therein numerous and random sorts of change.
Our question then becomes, “How might evolution be structured throughout all reality? How might the development of each of the ten levels of order be coordinated in a common law, a universal set of principles? And how might this organization be demonstrated as useful?”
2013-02-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44416/1/MPRA_paper_44416.pdf
Albers, Scott (2013): Foundations of the economic and social history of the United States: Theoretical.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44690
2019-10-01T11:25:36Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44690/
What Limits Indirect Appropriability?
Waldman, Michael
D40 - General
K0 - General
One argument concerning copyright protection is that the returns to copyright protection are limited because of indirect appropriability, where indirect appropriability is the idea that original producers receive returns from copying because the buyers of original units are willing to pay more when they can sell copies. This paper argues that indirect appropriability is limited in most real world markets and explores in a series of theoretical models why this is the case.
2013-02-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44690/1/MPRA_paper_44690.pdf
Waldman, Michael (2013): What Limits Indirect Appropriability? Forthcoming in: Handbook on the Economics of Copyright
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44711
2019-09-26T21:29:09Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453032
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
7375626A656374733D45:4536
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44711/
'Bounded Leviathan: fiscal constraints and financial development in the Early Modern Hispanic World'
Irigoin, A
Grafe, R
E02 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
K0 - General
N0 - General
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
P48 - Political Economy ; Legal Institutions ; Property Rights ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Regional Studies
‘Constitutions and Commitments” has inspired the economic literature on the importance of “Legal origins” (LaPorta et al., 1998, 2008), which vindicates the notion that post-Glorious Revolution English institutions were particularly conducive to economic growth. More recently economists have acknowledged that growth in fact depends on “state capacity”. This encompasses not only investor protection (legal capacity) but also the ability of the state to finance itself, “fiscal capacity”.(Besley and Persson, 2009, 2010) show that the protection of private property rights and that of public property rights to taxation are linked and most likely co-evolutionary. However, the precise relation between the two is anything but clear. This paper argues that North and Weingast’s model’s one-sided focus on state coercion that threatened subjects’ property rights has obscured the relation between coercion used in revenue collection and total revenue role of fiscal capacity.
We suggest a very simple model to show that this relationship between state fiscal capacity and legal capacity is not linear, especially in the phase of nation state building. The case of Spain provides empirical evidence for the existence of states were an increase in coercion would have improved fiscal capacity, but high levels of legal capacity paradoxically prevented the ruler from adopting this path. We use financial market developments to show the serious welfare implications that resulted from such a lack of coordination and integration.
2013-08-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44711/8/MPRA_paper_44711.pdf
Irigoin, A and Grafe, R (2013): 'Bounded Leviathan: fiscal constraints and financial development in the Early Modern Hispanic World'. Forthcoming in: LSE Economic History Department Working Papers No. 164/12 (24 June 2012): pp. 1-33.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44884
2019-09-28T05:31:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483430
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523231
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
7375626A656374733D52:5233:523331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44884/
The link between non-property crime and house prices – Evidence from UK street-level data
Braakmann, Nils
H40 - General
K00 - General
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
R21 - Housing Demand
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
R31 - Housing Supply and Markets
This paper uses street-level data on house sales and crime rates for England and Wales to look at the existence of compensating differentials for crime risk. In terms of identification my strategy relies on the use of non-parametric regional time trends as well as various fixed effects to control for unobserved amenities and regional economic conditions. The results suggest that each additional case of anti-social behavior lowers house prices in the same street by approximately 1% and each additional case of violent crime by 2%. Drug crime does not appear to matter, as does crime outside of the respective street.
2012-10-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44884/1/MPRA_paper_44884.pdf
Braakmann, Nils (2012): The link between non-property crime and house prices – Evidence from UK street-level data.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44885
2019-09-26T13:23:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483430
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493130
7375626A656374733D49:4931:493132
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44885/
Crime, health and wellbeing – Longitudinal evidence from Mexico
Braakmann, Nils
H40 - General
I10 - General
I12 - Health Behavior
K00 - General
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
This paper uses variation in victimization probabilities between individuals living in the same community to shed new light on the costs of crime. I use panel data from the
Mexican Family Life Survey for 2002 and 2005 and look at the impact of within-community differences in victimization risk on changes in self-rated and mental health. My
results from fixed effects and instrumental variable estimations point towards substantial negative health effects of actual victimization, which might help to
explain the existence of compensating differentials in wages or house prices found in earlier studies.
2013-01-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44885/1/MPRA_paper_44882.pdf
Braakmann, Nils (2013): Crime, health and wellbeing – Longitudinal evidence from Mexico.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:45042
2019-10-03T09:49:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45042/
The Socially Optimal Policy Choices by the Supreme Court – A Strategic Analysis
Mallick, Indrajit
K0 - General
K1 - Basic Areas of Law
K4 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior
Abstract
This paper discusses a number of important problems regarding administration of justice in different legal areas and jurisdictions across the legal hierarchies in different countries throughout the world. It is argued that the Supreme Courts can address these problems through strategic use of its policy instruments. The paper discusses a number of important and pressing problems plaguing the courts all over the world. These problems range from litigation explosion, delay (backlogs) and caseload problems in courts, corruption in the judiciary, problems of judicial review by a Supreme Court, inadequate standards of review, suboptimal legal innovations brought about by the judiciary and inefficiently designed judicial hierarchies. I argue that it is only the Supreme Court, through strategic use of its policy instruments, can bring about solutions to these problems and the desirable results.
2012-12-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45042/1/MPRA_paper_45042.pdf
Mallick, Indrajit (2012): The Socially Optimal Policy Choices by the Supreme Court – A Strategic Analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:46993
2019-09-27T10:56:52Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463531
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463532
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463533
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473133
7375626A656374733D47:4733
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
7375626A656374733D52:5231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46993/
Rwanda’s involvement in Eastern DRC: A criminal real options approach
Cassimon, Danny
Engelen, Peter-Jan
Reyntjens, Filip
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
F51 - International Conflicts ; Negotiations ; Sanctions
F52 - National Security ; Economic Nationalism
F53 - International Agreements and Observance ; International Organizations
G13 - Contingent Pricing ; Futures Pricing
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
K0 - General
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
R1 - General Regional Economics
This paper applies an alternative model to analyze criminal behaviour by countries based on real option models. Criminal options incorporate a richer framework than traditional cost-benefit models and allow examining the optimal timing of a crime as criminals have the possibility but not the obligation to commit a crime in the near future. From the model, we show how criminal states can actively manage their criminal options. More importantly, we show how the international community can optimally intervene pro-actively, by reducing the incentives for criminal states to execute their criminal options. These novel insights are then applied to two episodes of criminal behaviour by Rwanda in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): the massive killing of Hutu refugees by the Rwanda Patriotic Army (RPA) in late 1996-early 1997 and the illegal exploitation of Congolese resources from August 1998 onwards. This article describes and assesses these activities from this real option perspective.
2013
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46993/1/MPRA_paper_46993.pdf
Cassimon, Danny and Engelen, Peter-Jan and Reyntjens, Filip (2013): Rwanda’s involvement in Eastern DRC: A criminal real options approach. Published in: Crime, Law, and Social Change No. 59 (2013): pp. 39-62.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:47262
2019-09-26T13:46:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47262/
Typology of the Patent Troll Business
Pohlmann, Tim
Opitz, Marieke
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
K00 - General
M10 - General
Patent trolls have many faces, since the media uses this expression in various ways. The patent troll phenomenon thus seems to be an ambiguous term that is discussed in several directions. This paper reveals that a patent troll as such has no distinct shape or appearance. Our analysis redeems a troll classification solely from firms’ market position, such as being non-practicing, and shows that a patent troll business can only be defined by the respective practice to enforce IPR. Using 10 case studies, of which five are treated in detail, the analysis reveals a distinct typology of IPR enforcement mechanisms and suggests a framework to assess the troll business. This paper is furthermore able to identify the nature of troll behavior to be: a) a best practice to enforce IP rights in terms of innovation activities and b) a strategy that may create costs for affected industries. The differentiated troll analysis reveals negative but also positive effects of the troll business on incentives to innovate.
2010-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47262/1/MPRA_paper_47262.pdf
Pohlmann, Tim and Opitz, Marieke (2010): Typology of the Patent Troll Business. Published in: R&D Management , Vol. 43, No. 2 (2013): pp. 103-120.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:47437
2019-09-28T16:38:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4834
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513235
7375626A656374733D51:5135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47437/
Right to water and access to water
Anand, P B
H4 - Publicly Provided Goods
K00 - General
O1 - Economic Development
Q25 - Water
Q5 - Environmental Economics
This paper examines the scope for a rights-based perspective on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by focusing on right to water. The paper adapts Hohfeldian framework of elements of a right developed by Wenar. According to this, a right should be interpreted in terms of powers, privileges, claims and immunities. This framework highlights the inter-connections between various aspects of governance and the effectiveness of a right to water. The conjecture whether the poor are more likely to have access to water when there is a right to water is examined with data (from WHO–UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme) pertaining to a small sample of countries where a right to water has been promulgated and some others where such right has not been promulgated. The impact of governance on improving access to water is examined using indicators from Governance Matters V (Kaufman et al., 2006). This analysis suggests that mechanisms of governance may be more important in improving access to water than a formal articulation of a right to water. Some challenges to operationalising a right to water are discussed.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47437/1/MPRA_paper_47437.pdf
Anand, P B (2007): Right to water and access to water. Published in: Journal of International Development , Vol. 19, No. 4 (2007): pp. 511-526.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:49174
2019-10-01T21:31:51Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30:4B3030
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3132
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3232
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3636
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4E:4E38
7375626A656374733D4E:4E38:4E3830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49174/
Explicit Evidence of an Implicit Contract
Young, Andrew
Levy, Daniel
A14 - Sociology of Economics
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
K00 - General
K12 - Contract Law
K22 - Business and Securities Law
K23 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
L66 - Food ; Beverages ; Cosmetics ; Tobacco ; Wine and Spirits
M21 - Business Economics
M31 - Marketing
N8 - Micro-Business History
N80 - General, International, or Comparative
We offer the first direct evidence of an implicit contract in a goods market. The evidence comes from the market for Coca-Cola. We demonstrate that the Coca-Cola Company left a written evidence of its implicit contract with its consumers—a very explicit form of an implicit contract. The contract promised a 5¢ price and adherence to the “Secret Formula.” Because implicit contracts are unobservable, we adopt a narrative approach. Analyzing a large number of historical documents, we offer evidence of the Company both acknowledging and acting on this implicit contract. We explore quality as a margin of adjustment available to Coca-Cola. The implicit contract included a promise not only of a constant price but also a constant quality (the “real thing”). During a period of over 70 years, we find evidence of only a single case of true quality change. We demonstrate that the perceived costs of breaking the implicit contract were large.
2013-08-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49174/1/MPRA_paper_49174.pdf
Young, Andrew and Levy, Daniel (2013): Explicit Evidence of an Implicit Contract. Forthcoming in: Journal of Law, Economics & Organization (Forthcoming)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:51369
2019-09-30T23:59:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D4B:4B30
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3332
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
7375626A656374733D51:5135
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/51369/
Discretionary enforcement and strategic interactions between firms, regulatory agency and justice department: a theoretical and empirical investigation
Germani, Anna Rita
Morone, Andrea
Morone, Piergiuseppe
Scaramozzino, Pasquale
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
D80 - General
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
K0 - General
K32 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
Q5 - Environmental Economics
Q50 - General
Q52 - Pollution Control Adoption and Costs ; Distributional Effects ; Employment Effects
This paper presents a game theoretic morphological analysis of the U.S. environmental authorities’ (i.e., EPA and DOJ) behavioural mechanisms, based on strategic interactions among the players. The models explore the role of discretion that such authorities enjoy, either in deciding how to pursue environmental violations (investigative and prosecutorial discretion) or in judging them (judicial discretion). The purpose is to identify both the optimal firms’ behaviour in terms of compliance, and the DOJ’s and EPA’s optimal strategies in terms of enforcement actions to undertake. Consistent with the setting of the game theory models, the role of EPA and DOJ in deterring firms from polluting is, then, empirically tested, by means of a laboratory experiment. Laboratory evidence on compliance behaviour of firms when faced with enforcement conditions predicted by the theoretical models set up is discussed for the different experimental treatments performed.
2013-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/51369/1/MPRA_paper_51369.pdf
Germani, Anna Rita and Morone, Andrea and Morone, Piergiuseppe and Scaramozzino, Pasquale (2013): Discretionary enforcement and strategic interactions between firms, regulatory agency and justice department: a theoretical and empirical investigation.
en
metadataPrefix%3Doai_dc%26offset%3D51370%26set%3D7375626A656374733D4B%253A4B30