2024-03-28T12:25:14Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1472
2019-09-27T05:26:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1472/
Price Points and Price Rigidity
Levy, Daniel
Lee, Dongwon
Chen, Haipeng (Allan)
Kauffman, Robert
Bergen, Mark
M30 - General
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
M21 - Business Economics
D80 - General
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
We offer new evidence on the link between price points and price rigidity using two datasets. One is a large weekly transaction price dataset, covering 29 product categories over an eight-year period from a large U.S. supermarket chain. The other is from the Internet, and includes daily prices over a two-year period for 474 consumer electronic goods covering ten product categories, from 293 different Internet retailers. Across the two datasets, we find that (i) 9 is the most frequently used price-ending for the penny, dime, dollar and the ten-dollar digits, (ii) the most common price changes are in multiples of dimes, dollars, and ten-dollars, (iii) 9-ending prices are at least 24% (and as much as 73%) less likely to change in comparison to prices ending with other digits, and (iv) the average size of the price change is higher if the price ends with 9 in comparison to non-9-ending prices. This link between price points and price rigidity is robust across a wide range of prices, products, product categories, and retail formats. We offer a behavioral explanation for the findings.
2007-01-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1472/1/MPRA_paper_1472.pdf
Levy, Daniel and Lee, Dongwon and Chen, Haipeng (Allan) and Kauffman, Robert and Bergen, Mark (2007): Price Points and Price Rigidity.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1523
2019-09-27T00:25:08Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433931
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1523/
Developing Heuristic-Based Quality Judgements: Attention Blocking in Consumer Choice
Oxoby, Robert J
Finnigan, Hugh
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
M30 - General
Through a series of experiments we illustrate how the sequential order in which
consumers receive information can influence the way this information is processed
and affect consumers’ decisions. Specifically, when participants initially receive information regarding brand/quality or price/quality associations, these associations
can block consumers’ attention to more relevant quality-determining physical attributes.
Moreover, this process of attention blocking can carry-over to affect quality
judgements pertaining to similarly branded or priced products beyond the product
in which blocking was initiated. This implies that consumers judgements of quality
may be heavily dependent on “first impressions” which develop into brand and price
heuristics.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1523/1/MPRA_paper_1523.pdf
Oxoby, Robert J and Finnigan, Hugh (2005): Developing Heuristic-Based Quality Judgements: Attention Blocking in Consumer Choice. Forthcoming in: Psychology and Marketing (2007)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2761
2019-09-27T18:21:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453530
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2761/
Price Rigidity and Flexibility: Recent Theoretical Developments
Levy, Daniel
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
E50 - General
M30 - General
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
D40 - General
M20 - General
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
E52 - Monetary Policy
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
The price system, the adjustment of prices to changes in market conditions, is the primary mechanism by which markets function and by which the three most basic questions get answered: what to produce, how much to produce and for whom to produce. To the behaviour of price and price system, therefore, have fundamental implications for many key issues in microeconomics and industrial organization, as well as in macroeconomics and monetary economics. In microeconomics, managerial economics, and industrial organization, economists focus on the price system efficiency. In macroeconomics and monetary economics, economists focus on the extent to which nominal prices fail to adjust to changes in market conditions. Nominal price rigidities play particularly important role in modern monetary economics and in the conduct of monetary policy because of their ability to explain short-run monetary non-neutrality. The behaviour of prices, and in particular the extent of their rigidity and flexibility, therefore, is of central importance in economics. This introductory essay briefly summarizes the eight studies of price rigidity that are included in this special issue.
2007-04-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2761/1/MPRA_paper_2761.pdf
Levy, Daniel (2007): Price Rigidity and Flexibility: Recent Theoretical Developments.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2762
2019-09-27T14:55:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453530
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2762/
Price Rigidity and Flexibility: New Empirical Evidence
Levy, Daniel
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
E50 - General
M30 - General
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
D40 - General
M20 - General
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
E52 - Monetary Policy
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
The marketplace, along with its price system, is the single most important institution in a western-style free enterprise economy. The ability of prices to adjust to changes in supply and demand conditions enables the market to function efficiently and lies behind the magical invisible hand mechanism. To the behaviour of prices and in particular to the ability of prices to adjust to changes in market conditions, therefore, have fundamental implications for many key issues in many areas of both microeconomics as well as macroeconomics. It is, therefore, critical to study and understand whether there are barriers to price adjustments, what are the nature of these barriers, how the barriers lead to price rigidity, what are possible implications of these rigidities, etc. This introductory essay briefly summarizes the fourteen empirical studies of price rigidity that are included in this special issue.
2007-04-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2762/1/MPRA_paper_2762.pdf
Levy, Daniel (2007): Price Rigidity and Flexibility: New Empirical Evidence.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4257
2019-09-27T05:12:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4257/
There! Did you see it?; Care! They do see you… Subliminal messages in advertisement, movie making and cartoons in a ‘not so-innocent world’. Profit driven or ‘dark’ conspiracy?
Klimov, Blagoy
Z10 - General
M30 - General
Public space is bombarded by subliminal messages. I argue that subliminal messages are not so innocent and that despite their mass usage, they have not received enough public and scientific attention. Is such dissemination profit-driven or a consequence of some 'dark conspiracy' plot? It would be paranoid to presume that there is some kind of global conspiracy that coordinates their usage and most probably the subliminal messaging is just a tool for increasing profits. However, that is a question for a consequent paper. This paper investigates not so much the 'why'-part, rather the 'if' part: Do global advertising agencies and their clients really employ an intensive usage of subliminal effects in political campaigns, advertisement, movies and even cartoons? It is rather ambitious task to give an ultimate answer to that question, but the paper empirically proves that there are much more subliminal messages in the public space, than we suppose. Unfortunately, they and their creators are much more ‘interested in us’, than we are in them.
2003-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4257/1/MPRA_paper_4257.pdf
Klimov, Blagoy (2003): There! Did you see it?; Care! They do see you… Subliminal messages in advertisement, movie making and cartoons in a ‘not so-innocent world’. Profit driven or ‘dark’ conspiracy?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4484
2019-09-26T12:48:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4484/
Behavioral industrial organization, firm strategy, and consumer economics
Azar, Ofer H.
D40 - General
L10 - General
M20 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
M30 - General
D10 - General
The field of behavioral economics is one of the fastest-growing fields in economics in recent years. Not long ago this was a small field, but over the last decade or so, the field gained more recognition, and today it seems clear that psychological motivations and biases affect economic behavior in many important ways. Insights from psychology were incorporated in several areas of economics. This paper offers a short review of the application of behavioral economics to industrial organization, which can be denoted “behavioral industrial organization,” and on the relationship between behavioral industrial organization, firm strategy, and consumer economics.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4484/1/MPRA_paper_4484.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2006): Behavioral industrial organization, firm strategy, and consumer economics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4499
2019-09-27T14:50:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463133
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D46:4632
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4499/
Doing Business in Mexico
Zimmermann, Thomas A.
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
F20 - General
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations
M30 - General
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
On 1 July 2001, a far-reaching free trade agreement between the EFTA States and Mexico entered into force. ”Doing Business in Mexico” provides targeted assistance to Swiss Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SME) that wish to tap the potential of Mexico as both an export destination and investment location. This comprehensive guide contains information and advice on market research, market entry, and investment in this fascinating country.
Part I introduces the reader to this fascinating country, its long history, its politics and its economy. It becomes clear that Mexico is undergoing a deep transition from a
country with one party rule and a closed economy to a pluralist democracy and a
major player in the world economy. This situation offers excellent opportunities, provided
it is approached appropriately and precautions are taken to minimise risks. Business
persons interested in establishing a business relationship with Mexico should take the
time to familiarise themselves with the historical and political evolution (Chapter 2)
and the economic environment (Chapter 3) of Mexico.
Part II focuses on core business aspects: Chapter 4 on market research is conceived as
a navigator to help Swiss SME representatives retrieve targeted information. Fortunately,
many Mexican institutions, public and private, have invested heavily into their websites:
Industry-specific data, business directories or market access information are readily
available and constitute a formidable online information resource on the Mexican
economy that is only a few mouse clicks away. In Chapter 5, the pros and cons of
different market entry modes are discussed, and advice is given with regard to successful
partnering in Mexico – probably one of the most important factors for foreign firms in
the Mexican market. Chapter 6 contains a guide to exporting, including some
technicalities of the export business. We hope that the information contained therein
will assist you in getting your goods across the border and into the Mexican market.
The information on foreign direct investment (FDI) which is contained in Chapter 7 will
be of help to those readers who are contemplating business presence in the Mexican
market. It gives an overview of the legal framework, the business climate, favourable
investment locations, selected costs and basic administrative processes. Some of these
issues are also taken up in Chapter 8 which deals with selected aspects of the legal
environment. Finally, Chapter 9 is a wrap-up of Part II, recalling briefly major success
factors and challenges when doing business in Mexico. It highlights the importance of
”soft factors” and cultural considerations for successfully dealing with Mexican partners.
Part III contains some practical advice for business travellers. Last but not least, Part IV offers information on resources which Swiss SMEs may tap in search of additional
assistance or information for their Mexican venture: Chapter 11 offers a vast compilation
of selected business contacts and references both in Mexico and Switzerland. The goal
is to list institutions which are able to provide targeted assistance and expert advice at
all stages of market research, market entry and investment. The list has been put
together with the conviction that Swiss SMEs will sooner or later have to rely on local
expertise in the market entry process, be it in order to cope with the legal requirements
of establishing a business presence or to conduct thorough background checks of
potential partners, both of which are necessary for business success. Chapter 12 contains
a bibliography with a selection of the literature that I used when writing this book and
which may be of help to Swiss SMEs dealing with particular issues. Finally, Chapter 13
concludes with some internet addresses that point to major Mexican media and internet
portals with general Mexican content.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4499/1/MPRA_paper_4499.pdf
Zimmermann, Thomas A. (2002): Doing Business in Mexico. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5117
2019-09-28T10:29:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433631
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5117/
Viscosity solutions to delay differential equations in demo-economy
Fabbri, Giorgio
C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis
M30 - General
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
Economic and demographic models governed by linear delay differential equations are expressed as optimal control problems in infinite dimensions. A general objective function is considered and the concavity of the Hamiltonian is not required. The value function is a viscosity solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation and a verification theorem is proved.
2007-08-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5117/1/MPRA_paper_5117.pdf
Fabbri, Giorgio (2007): Viscosity solutions to delay differential equations in demo-economy.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7258
2019-09-26T08:25:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443138
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7258/
Interactions between competition and consumer policy
Armstrong, Mark
D18 - Consumer Protection
M30 - General
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
This paper discusses complementarities and tensions between competition policies and consumer protection policies. The paper argues that markets will often supply adequate customer protection without the need for extra public intervention. Special areas where intervention might be needed are discussed, including the need to combat deceptive marketing and the need to provide additional market transparency (about both headline prices and shrouded product attributes). A few instances are presented of how more intense competition can worsen the outcomes for (some) consumers. Situations in which poorly designed consumer policies can harm consumers are discussed, including how they can be used to protect incumbent suppliers, how they can relax competition between oligopolists, how they can reduce consumer choice, how they can focus on one aspect of market performance at the expense of others, and how they can lead consumers to take insufficient care in the market.
2008-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7258/1/MPRA_paper_7258.pdf
Armstrong, Mark (2008): Interactions between competition and consumer policy.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9130
2013-07-16T16:30:04Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9613
2019-09-26T12:17:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463530
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9613/
On the world market trajectory of 21 major book publishing companies in globalization and European studies in 100+ countries. From “Amsterdam University Press” via “Palgrave” and “Nova Science Publishers” to Transaction Publishers” by international, 19 indicator comparison
Tausch, Arno
F15 - Economic Integration
F50 - General
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
M30 - General
Ever since the path-breaking empirical studies by Schott (1998) world systems scholars start from the well-established assumption that world science is a single gigantic center-periphery relationship. The strategic and tactical practical conclusions for individual scholars and their agenda in the scientific periphery and the semi-periphery, to which Europe increasingly belongs, are much harder to draw than the general diagnosis.
Where can scholars from outside the US attractively publish their manuscripts for the world market? How does the European Union make its point in the global scientific arena in the field of the debates about social policies and globalization? Is there a way, especially for scholars from the new member countries of the European Union, and from the newly formed “Union for the Mediterranean”, to effectively publish their works on the world market?
Only three European social affairs ministries (France, Poland, Spain) afford themselves the luxury to publish their own scientific journal, while others must rely on international publishing to make their expertise heard internationally.
This article tries to answer tentatively such a difficult and strategic question, and quantitatively compares the performance of Amsterdam University Press (EU); Ashgate (EU); Blackwell (EU); Cambridge UP (EU); Campus (Frankfurt/Ann Arbor) (EU); Cornell UP (USA); Edward Elgar (EU); Houghton/Mifflin (US); IOS Press (EU); Lexington (US); Monthly Review Press (US); Nova Science Publishers (US); Oxford University Press (EU); Palgrave Macmillan (EU); Praeger Publishers (EU); Routledge (EU); Rowman/Littlefield (US); Sage Publications (US); Springer-Verlag (US); St. Martin's Press (US); and Transaction Publishers (US), which in between them control a sizeable share of the social science academic book publishing market in such fields of political science as globalization or European Union studies, with up to nineteen quantitative performance criteria, ranging from market success rates on global markets both in North America as well as mainly in the Asia-Pacific and European region, comparative library presence rates at international organizations libraries, such as the European Union and the United Nations, and the quantitative impact of published titles on combined indices of peer reviewed journals and the international daily and weekly press. In addition, our study evaluates the impact of the companies’ books and journals on the literature, contained in “Google book search” and “Google scholar”, all per total company book and serials output.
In terms of their ability to place books on the markets of now 100+ countries well in comparison to total production, the American companies in our sample hold an unparalleled power. The relative market leaders, which get a large percentage of their total book output to more than 50 global libraries each, are:
• Lexington (US)
• St. Martin's Press (US)
• Rowman/Littlefield (US)
• Monthly Review Press (US)
• Praeger Publishers (US)
• Cornell UP (US)
• Ashgate (UK)
• Transaction Publishers (US)
• Edward Elgar (UK)
• Nova Science Publishers (US)
Our results, based on simple combined ranks and more sophisticated non-parametric and parametric, multivariate SPSS XV factor analytical evaluations of indicator performance are a further sign of the fact that Europe would do well to further learn from the culture of major US Universities.
2008-07-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9613/1/MPRA_paper_9613.pdf
Tausch, Arno (2008): On the world market trajectory of 21 major book publishing companies in globalization and European studies in 100+ countries. From “Amsterdam University Press” via “Palgrave” and “Nova Science Publishers” to Transaction Publishers” by international, 19 indicator comparison.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9755
2019-09-29T04:31:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9755/
Priorities for the Italian Cultural Firms
Besana, Angela
M30 - General
M20 - General
G30 - General
M10 - General
Strategy and management are becoming priorities for the survival and growth of Italian Cultural Firms. After a decade of advantageous legislation – from several acts regarding cultural foundations to fiscal acts concerning tax incentives for private sponsors – Italian Cultural Firm are curious of Fundraising Techniques. Also through the analysis of some highlighted case histories, it will be explained of fundraising techniques for the Cultural Industry and of performances of the Italian Cultural Sector in raising private funds. Price marketing will be analyzed next to fundraising as strategies that both nourish assets and resources of the firm. Case histories will be suitable, both for visual and performing arts, in order to give evidence of what is happening on the Italian Stage.
2008-07-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9755/1/MPRA_paper_9755.pdf
Besana, Angela (2008): Priorities for the Italian Cultural Firms.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10513
2019-09-26T10:11:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10513/
The Italian Art Market and the importance of communication strategies: from fairs to auction houses’ best practices
Besana, Angela
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
M37 - Advertising
D10 - General
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions ; NGOs ; Social Entrepreneurship
M30 - General
L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises and Nonprofit Institutions ; Privatization ; Contracting Out
The Italian cultural industry is now marching on an innovative supply chain, whose main pattern consists in a new utility perception and consumption behaviours on the demand side and a strong vocation to invest in communication and public relations on the supply side. The content of this paper is an attempt to justify the emerging relevance of marketing strategies and investments in the Italian art market, referring to new incubators like art fairs – as concerns 2004’s interviews with art galleries - and to a modern and consistent approach to communication instruments evaluation for key competitors like auction houses.
Angela Besana
2009-01-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10513/3/MPRA_paper_10513.pdf
Besana, Angela (2009): The Italian Art Market and the importance of communication strategies: from fairs to auction houses’ best practices.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10876
2019-09-27T08:06:22Z
7374617475733D707562
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7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3637
7375626A656374733D4E:4E39:4E3933
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10876/
The anti-red shift – to the 'Dark Side': Colour changes in Flemish luxury woollens, 1300 - 1550
Munro, John H.
N63 - Europe: Pre-1913
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather Goods; Household Goods; Sports Equipment
N93 - Europe: Pre-1913
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
M30 - General
O52 - Europe
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
This study documents, though it cannot fully explain, the striking shift in the spectrum of colour patterns in woollen textiles, from those of the Black Death era in the mid to late fourteenth century to those of the fifteenth and the first half of the sixteenth century, in the southern Low Countries: a radical shift from bright red and vivid colours, especially scarlet, or mixed colours (in medley and striped woollens) to much darker, blue-based colours, ending up with overwhelmingly black colours. The evidence is taken from the annual purchases of high-grade luxury quality woollen textiles for the upper echelons of the civic governments of Bruges (from 1302 to 1496) and of Mechelen (1361-1415, and 1471 - 1550): for the burgermasters or mayors, the aldermen (schepenen), and the upper clerks. Thus, in the Mechelen civic accounts, 75 percent of the woollens purchased for these civic leaders, from 1471 to 1550, were black, uniformly dark black. In the first half of the sixteenth century, from 1501 to 1550, 98 percent of those woollens were black. While other colours – reds, greens, blues, browns – can also be found, they were purchased only for the lesser officials. Clearly the civic leaders, the urban ‘patriciate’ had acquired a decisive preference for black woollens, one also shown by the nobility.
But at Bruges, in the four decades of the mid fourteenth century, from the 1340s (just before the Black Death) to the 1370s, the bright, vivid, red or scarlet, and multi-coloured textiles clearly predominated: varying from 72.4 to 81.7 percent by number purchased, and from 77.25 to 86.19 per cent by value. The differences in percentages by number and value is explained by the decisive prominence of the most costly and luxurious of all medieval woollens: the scarlets, dyed in the extremely costly brilliant red dye kermes (extracted from Mediterranean insects). Scarlets often accounted for over a third of the textiles so purchased in the 14th century, but their number fell sharply in the 15th century, along with the radical shift in the colour spectrum to much darker blue and then black textiles. This study explains the differences in the production costs and values of scarlets and of other dyed woollen broadcloths, while demonstrating with comparative price and wage analyses (i.e., the purchasing power of industrial wages) that only the very rich could afford to buy these textiles: that the principal markets were the nobility, the upper mercantile bourgeoisie, and political leaders. Indeed, a master mason would have to spend more than a year’s income to buy a scarlet.
The famed Johan Huizinga (Autumn of the Middle Ages) had indeed commented on this predilection for dark and especially black (with purples) colours in the dress of the mid-fifteenth-century Burgundian court; but he was mistaken in his supposition that by the end of this century, clothing fashions had gone more toward blues, in light of the evidence from the Mechelen accounts. Huizinga and others have suggested various theories for this shift in the colour spectrum for textiles and for the later preference for the ‘dark side’, but none – including any that I can offer – is convincing.
Economic historians, however, must not be so supply-side oriented that they ignore the vital question of colours and thus fashions in textiles, in creating market demand. For the subsequent victory of the New Draperies, over the costly, heavy-weight woollens of the Old Draperies, in producing lighter, cheaper, but also more brightly dyed textiles, in more vivid colours, a transformation followed by the massive influx of Asian printed calicoes (with radical floral and geometric designs), helped to create the market conditions for the 18th-century Industrial Revolution, in both geographic range and income distributions.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10876/1/MPRA_paper_10876.pdf
Munro, John H. (2006): The anti-red shift – to the 'Dark Side': Colour changes in Flemish luxury woollens, 1300 - 1550. Published in: Medieval Clothing and Textiles , Vol. 3, No. 1 (2007): pp. 55-98.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11266
2019-09-30T17:07:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3637
7375626A656374733D4E:4E39:4E3933
7375626A656374733D4E:4E31:4E3133
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453530
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3135
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11266/
The symbiosis of towns and textiles: urban institutions and the changing fortunes of cloth manufacturing in the Low Countries and England, 1270 - 1570
Munro, John H.
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather Goods; Household Goods; Sports Equipment
N93 - Europe: Pre-1913
N13 - Europe: Pre-1913
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J40 - General
M30 - General
E50 - General
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
O52 - Europe
This article, a contribution to the ‘proto-industrialisation’ debate, examines the relative advantages of urban and rural locations for cloth manufacturing in later-medieval England and the Low Countries. From the 11th to the mid-14th century, when the English cloth trade began its seemingly inexorable expansion, the Low Countries had enjoyed a virtual supremacy in international cloth markets, then chiefly located in the Mediterranean basin. The traditional view has attributed the ultimate English victory to the advantages of a rural location, using cheap labour and water-powered fulling. The proponents of this view further contend that in late thirteenth-century England a new rural industry had displaced a centuries-old ‘traditional’ urban cloth industry through such superior cost advantages. To challenge that view, this paper puts forth the following propositions: (1) that England’s traditional urban industry had declined, abruptly from the 1290s, chiefly because of steeply rising, war-induced, transaction costs in Mediterranean markets for its chief products: i.e. cheap and light fabrics, which they had sold as price-takers; (2) that the Flemish/Brabantine cloth industries, having had a similar industrial-commercial orientation, suffered from the same industrial crisis; and it more quickly responded by reorienting production, as price-makers, to very high-priced luxury woollens; (3) that rural locations were not always more advantageous, in lower labour and other costs; (4) that urban locations offered important benefits for the luxury-cloth production: a more highly skilled, productive, better regulated labour force; urban and guild institutions to enforce necessary quality controls and promote international reputations for high quality; (5) that England’s cloth industry, when it revived from the 1360s, followed suit in shifting to more luxury-oriented exports, while gaining its chief advantages from the fiscal burdens imposed on high-quality wool exports to its overseas competitors; (6) that English export-oriented cloth production also remained more urban than rural until the late fifteenth century (for many complex reasons explored in this paper).
1998-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11266/1/MPRA_paper_11266.pdf
Munro, John H. (1998): The symbiosis of towns and textiles: urban institutions and the changing fortunes of cloth manufacturing in the Low Countries and England, 1270 - 1570. Published in: The Journal of Early Modern History: Contacts, Comparisons, Contrasts , Vol. 3, No. 1 (February 1999): pp. 1-74.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11346
2019-09-27T04:40:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11346/
Analyzing new profit opportunities: a guide to making business projects financially successful
Winther, K. Tobias
D40 - General
M30 - General
This book presents a simple, yet very powerful, conceptual framework, which can be used to estimate market sizes, prices and their interdependency for new products based on historical market data for existing products in related areas. Even in situations where insufficient data is available the methods can be used in a semi-quantitative manner to evaluate the market potential for a given product or find ways to improve upon the product to make it more successful in the marketplace. The methods are explained in detail, examples of practical applications are provided; and the foundation in existing economic theory is discussed.
2008-08-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11346/1/MPRA_paper_11346.pdf
Winther, K. Tobias (2008): Analyzing new profit opportunities: a guide to making business projects financially successful.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13090
2019-09-26T11:23:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13090/
An Overview of Needs Theories behind Consumerism
Ward, David
Lasen, Marta
M30 - General
M20 - General
A10 - General
Wynn and Coolidge [2004] have hypothesized that one of the key reasons why the Homo Sapiens progressed to being modern man while the Neanderthal man didn’t, is that the former developed through innovation (from artefacts to advanced hunting methods) while the latter has left no trace of such evolution. Almost as if the Neanderthal man did not see the need to progress and accepted circumstances as fact. If this is true then the Homo Sapiens have not only developed psychological and objective needs but have progressively updated them as well. Maslow put it beautifully by saying “You will either step forward into growth, or you will step backward into safety”.
This paper is the first part of a two part series. Here we provide an overview of needs theories and discuss them in the context of consumerism, consumption and opportunities for enterprises. In part two, needs and opportunities are linked to markets, benefits and strategies through a specific 3D model based on Maslow’s pyramid. To pave the way for this approach we also promote a model (PIE-Persons, Institutions and Enterprises) with the intent to help enterprises view consumers, institutions and their organisation as one interweaved entity.
Needs theories are known to be crucial behind much of the understanding of human behaviour and in particular in the workplace and by the consumer. This paper examines the development of hierarchical needs theory from Maslow to Gough with the intent to better identify consumer needs, provide examples of current and past business opportunities and macroscopically show the progression from red to blue ocean strategies .
The authors provide an overview of needs theories seeded through motivational theory also with the aim to uncover the differences in having (sometimes known as deficit needs) and being needs (sometimes known as growth needs) and then subsequently link them to enterprise strategies, improved consumer understanding and better market exploitation.
2009-01-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13090/1/MPRA_paper_13090.pdf
Ward, David and Lasen, Marta (2009): An Overview of Needs Theories behind Consumerism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14380
2019-10-24T07:31:49Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14398
2019-09-27T15:22:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30:4D3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14398/
Current issues of the concurrencies market in business engineering acceptance
Catrina, Ioana
Neamtu, Ion
M00 - General
M30 - General
M20 - General
In the current context, globalization involves awareness and action / reaction reporting of all social, political and economic level to the movement for creating unified market both regional and global. Globalization means the process by which distances between countries and continents including borders are not relevant in establishing and developing economic and socio-cultural cross-border relations. Thus, the relationships and dependencies acquire a potential support in an effort to capture the international character and global dimensions. With the development of new technologies and strategies for sustainable development and application solutions at the international level, the phenomenon of globalization acquires a greater relevance
2008-11-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14398/2/MPRA_paper_14398.pdf
Catrina, Ioana and Neamtu, Ion (2008): Current issues of the concurrencies market in business engineering acceptance.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15005
2019-09-27T19:41:00Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15005/
Advertising Styles’ Impact on Attention in Pakistan
Hussain, Syed Karamatullah
Riaz, Kashif
Kazi, Abdul Kabeer
Herani, Gobind M.
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
M30 - General
The topic was selected after giving consideration to the modern environment and the use of media by advertisers for attention purposes of their products. It was also observed that the number of channels especially in the electronic media have also geometrically increased over the last two decades. It is now becoming difficult for advertisers to get the attention of their products in the minds of their viewers. The methodology used in the research was focus group and ads of different products were shown to them which included humorous and serious appeals. As the literature review revealed that these two types of appeals have significant difference when measuring attention between humorous and serious advertisements. At the end of the research it was established that there is a significant difference between the attention of humorous and serious appeals. Initially the idea was taken form a research conducted in Sweden. Same parameters were analyzed in Pakistan. We concluded that the reaction of two different societies have almost the same response for humorous and serious advertising appeals.
2008-12-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15005/1/MPRA_paper_15005.pdf
Hussain, Syed Karamatullah and Riaz, Kashif and Kazi, Abdul Kabeer and Herani, Gobind M. (2008): Advertising Styles’ Impact on Attention in Pakistan. Published in: KASBIT Business Journal No. 1(1) (31 December 2008): pp. 28-35.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18196
2019-09-26T22:37:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18196/
Nonlinear and chaotic patterns in Japanese video game console sales and consequences for management control
Bonache, Adrien
Moris, Karen
C02 - Mathematical Methods
M30 - General
M40 - General
This paper investigates the behaviour of weekly hardware sales in the Japanese video game sector. It is found that weekly hardware sales exhibit significant linear and non-linear behaviours during the product cycle. We are going to analyse the implications of our findings for management control in the video game sector.
2009-09-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18196/1/MPRA_paper_18196.pdf
Bonache, Adrien and Moris, Karen (2009): Nonlinear and chaotic patterns in Japanese video game console sales and consequences for management control.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19106
2019-09-27T18:21:29Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3636
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19106/
Особенности маркетинга малого бизнеса в мясной индустрии
Sidorchuk, Roman
M31 - Marketing
M30 - General
L66 - Food ; Beverages ; Cosmetics ; Tobacco ; Wine and Spirits
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
Article is devoted features of marketing of small enterprises in the meat industry. Development of the modern state is impossible without development of small and average business. Businessmen bring the greatest the innovative contribution to development of any sphere, including in development of the meat industry. However the important problem for them there is a problem of competitiveness, growth and development of the business. Not always the enterprise talent can cope with external threats and see new possibilities and prospects. Therefore the important role marketing here should play. In existing the marketing theory there is a problem – absence of special marketing instruments and processes for a small-scale business. The approach offered in article allows to overcome this problem and to develop necessary marketing toolkit.
2008-11-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19106/1/MPRA_paper_19106.pdf
Sidorchuk, Roman (2008): Особенности маркетинга малого бизнеса в мясной индустрии. Published in: Мясная индустрия. (Meat industry). , Vol. 1, No. 2009 (January 2009): pp. 12-15.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19115
2019-09-27T03:57:10Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3139
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3339
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19115/
Предпринимательство и маркетинг
Sidorchuk, Roman
M31 - Marketing
M19 - Other
L26 - Entrepreneurship
M30 - General
M39 - Other
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
This article analyzes the relationship marketing and entrepreneurship. Marketing considered as an integral part of entrepreneurship. Commit role in relationship marketing and entrepreneurship innovation. The role of marketing in the search for potential market demand of innovation as the scope of latent or unmet needs of customers. Shown the lack of marketing in today's special marketing tools for entrepreneurs.
2009-05-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19115/1/MPRA_paper_19115.pdf
Sidorchuk, Roman (2009): Предпринимательство и маркетинг. Published in: Вестник Российской экономической академии им. Г.В. Плеханова (Journal Russian Economical Plehanov's Academy) ISSN 815-834X , Vol. 4(29), No. 2009 (7 June 2009): pp. 75-82.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19128
2019-10-03T04:42:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19128/
Некоторые проблемы малого бизнеса
Sidorchuk, Roman
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
M31 - Marketing
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
M30 - General
L26 - Entrepreneurship
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
In article some results of research received by the author of some the Moscow small enterprises are analyzed. Under a critical corner of sight activity on support of SME in Russia is considered. Problems of small business are formulated and ranged.
2008-11-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19128/1/MPRA_paper_19128.pdf
Sidorchuk, Roman (2008): Некоторые проблемы малого бизнеса. Published in: ЭКО (All-Russia Economic Journal) , Vol. 1(415), No. 2009 (23 December 2008): pp. 174-187.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19138
2019-10-01T12:43:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3235
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3234
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30:4C3030
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19138/
Маркетинговый аспект формирования оптимального промышленного ассортимента товара для малого бизнеса
Sidorchuk, Roman
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
O25 - Industrial Policy
O24 - Trade Policy ; Factor Movement Policy ; Foreign Exchange Policy
L10 - General
O21 - Planning Models ; Planning Policy
L00 - General
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
M31 - Marketing
L23 - Organization of Production
E23 - Production
L26 - Entrepreneurship
M30 - General
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
Article deals with matters of quantitative methods of creating the optimal range for a small manufacturing enterprise. The classical approach to the formation of an optimal production program based on mathematical methods for linear programming is viewed through the prism of consumer preferences. As a result of proposed road modernization of the classical scheme, taking into account consumer preferences on the basis of the model Fishbein. An example of the use of standard software for creating the optimal range of industrial products for small manufacturing enterprises.
2008-11-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19138/1/MPRA_paper_19138.pdf
Sidorchuk, Roman (2008): Маркетинговый аспект формирования оптимального промышленного ассортимента товара для малого бизнеса. Published in: Маркетинг в России и за рубежом (Marketing in Russia and abroad) , Vol. 1, No. 2009 (8 January 2009): pp. 72-81.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19559
2019-10-04T17:02:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443033
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19559/
How Fragrant are perfumes? A Micro Perspective from Middle East
Pillai, K R
Hamid, Hana
Rajan, Remya
Vijay, Shiji
Babu, Febina
D03 - Behavioral Microeconomics: Underlying Principles
M31 - Marketing
M30 - General
Satisfaction is a consumer post-purchase evaluation of the overall service experience. As an important determinant of customer loyalty and retention, firms exhibit most care to maintain customer satisfaction intact, unless it cannot be up-scaled. Middle East is known for its fancy towards cosmetics in general and perfumes in particular. The present study, which was conducted as micro level, undertaken in the Kingdom of Bahrain, attempts to understand the customer satisfaction of perfumes. The study discusses, inter alia, brand consciousness, brand loyalty, loyalty towards vending outlets etc.
2008-06-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19559/1/MPRA_paper_19559.pdf
Pillai, K R and Hamid, Hana and Rajan, Remya and Vijay, Shiji and Babu, Febina (2008): How Fragrant are perfumes? A Micro Perspective from Middle East.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19591
2019-09-28T16:42:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443033
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19591/
How Fragrant are perfumes? A Micro Perspective from Middle East
Pillai, Rajasekharan
Babu, Febina
Hameed, Hana
Rajan, Remya
Vijay, Shiji
D03 - Behavioral Microeconomics: Underlying Principles
M31 - Marketing
M30 - General
Satisfaction is a consumer post-purchase evaluation of the overall service experience. As an important determinant of customer loyalty and retention, firms exhibit most care to maintain customer satisfaction intact, unless it cannot be up-scaled. Middle East is known for its fancy towards cosmetics in general and perfumes in particular. The present study, which was conducted as micro level, undertaken in the Kingdom of Bahrain, attempts to understand the customer satisfaction of perfumes. The study discusses, inter alia, brand consciousness, brand loyalty, loyalty towards vending outlets etc.
2009-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19591/1/MPRA_paper_19591.pdf
Pillai, Rajasekharan and Babu, Febina and Hameed, Hana and Rajan, Remya and Vijay, Shiji (2009): How Fragrant are perfumes? A Micro Perspective from Middle East.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19825
2019-09-26T16:05:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19825/
Internet Marketing in Cultural Industries: from movie to arts
Besana, Angela
M37 - Advertising
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
M30 - General
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
Z11 - Economics of the Arts and Literature
Marketing skills have been developed by firms of several cultural industries for more than three decades. From movie companies to performing arts, from museums to art fairs, every stakeholder has adopted and is going to implement innovative communication strategies. Digital advertising and e-fundraising might represent the boundaries of the present and the future of cultural promotion.
First of all we will explore the impact of Information and Communication Technologies in the Cultural (creative) industries, particularly referring to the benefits of visibility and improvements in communication strategies. Then we will give evidence of the impact of ICT in the movie industry, whose budget are mainly conspicuous and today targeted to the Digital Movie, above all the USA Digital Movie.
Performing arts seem to be theatrical arts not subject to digital transformation, neither in contents nor in media. Italian Symphony Orchestras do really show a meaningful trend in ICT and digital marketing development.
The final research’s goal is to produce a sort of classification of innovative marketing activities in the creative market, based on homogeneous elements.
2010-01-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19825/1/MPRA_paper_19825.pdf
Besana, Angela (2010): Internet Marketing in Cultural Industries: from movie to arts.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20962
2019-09-26T08:29:58Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443033
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433931
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20962/
Do consumers make too much effort to save on cheap items and too little to save on expensive items? experimental results and implications for business strategy
Azar, Ofer H.
D03 - Behavioral Microeconomics: Underlying Principles
M30 - General
D10 - General
M10 - General
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
The article presents an experiment that illustrates a behavior that I denote “relative thinking.” Subjects in the experiment revealed the minimal price difference for which they were willing to spend 20 minutes and go to a cheaper store. Five different goods and nine different prices were used in a between-subjects design. Subjects showed striking positive correlation between the good’s price and their valuation of their time as it was reflected in their decisions. The experiment suggests that subjects think about both the relative and the absolute price differences, even though according to economic theory they should only consider the absolute price difference. Quantifying the effect suggests that consumers’ valuation of their time is approximately proportional to the square root of the price of the good they want to purchase. Studying economics courses seems to mitigate relative thinking. Several alternative explanations for the observed behavior are suggested and discussed, but the conclusion is that only the relative thinking explanation can account for the experimental results. Finally, several implications of relative thinking for business strategy are discussed.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20962/1/MPRA_paper_20962.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2009): Do consumers make too much effort to save on cheap items and too little to save on expensive items? experimental results and implications for business strategy. Forthcoming in: American Behavioral Scientist
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23597
2019-09-26T23:45:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23597/
Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency
Chi, Feng
Yang, Nathan
O30 - General
M30 - General
The paper provides some support in favor of Twitter adoption being driven by outreach reasons, rather than the well-popularized transparency motive. Furthermore, outreach considerations factor into a Republican's perceived benefit more than a Democrat's.
2010-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23597/1/MPRA_paper_23597.pdf
Chi, Feng and Yang, Nathan (2010): Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23642
2019-09-26T11:12:38Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23642/
Marketing Capability, Strategy and Business Performance in Emerging Markets of Pakistan
Afzal, Sarwat
M31 - Marketing
M30 - General
In this project an attempt has been made to demonstrate a positive relationship between marketing capabilities and Strategy using Porters framework and corporate performance in an emerging/developing market of Pakistan. This paper reports a study that marketing practice regulates the relationship between marketing capabilities & Strategy using Porters framework and business performance. In turn, the type of marketing practice adopted is moderated by the market served. Various studies have suggested that marketing capabilities & Strategy using Porters framework influences business performance. These discussions are summarized by a theoretical model and a series of theoretical propositions. The results suggest that Marketing Capabilities and Strategy frame exist in the business environment of Pakistan but there is a weak relationship with firm performance.
2009-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23642/1/MPRA_paper_23642.pdf
Afzal, Sarwat (2009): Marketing Capability, Strategy and Business Performance in Emerging Markets of Pakistan. Published in: IUB Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities , Vol. 7, No. 2 (November 2009): pp. 88-102.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23981
2019-09-27T05:12:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23981/
Few determinants of compulsive buying of youth in Pakistan
Saleem, Salman
Salaria, Dr Rashid
M30 - General
Consumer compulsive buying has been an important area of study in consumer behavior research. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of factors like age, tendency to spend, post purchase guilt, drive to spend compulsively, feeling about shopping and spending and dysfunctional spending on compulsive buying behavior of youth in Pakistan. The primary data for this study was collected from questionnaire that was administered in Bahawalpur, Lahore and Islamabad. A convenience sample of three hundred and seventy one respondents was used in the study. Statistical techniques of correlation and regression were used for data analysis. The empirical findings show that the age has a significant but negative relationship with the compulsive buying behavior. However the factors tendency to spend, drive to spend compulsively, feeling about shopping and spending, dysfunctional spending and post purchase guilt are positively related to compulsive buying behavior.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23981/1/MPRA_paper_23981.pdf
Saleem, Salman and Salaria, Dr Rashid (2010): Few determinants of compulsive buying of youth in Pakistan.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24060
2019-09-26T23:44:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24060/
Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency
Chi, Feng
Yang, Nathan
O30 - General
M30 - General
The paper provides some support in favor of Twitter adoption being driven by outreach reasons, rather than the well-popularized transparency motive. Furthermore, outreach considerations factor into a Republican's perceived benefit more than a Democrat's.
2010-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24060/1/MPRA_paper_24060.pdf
Chi, Feng and Yang, Nathan (2010): Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24177
2019-09-28T14:18:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3339
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24177/
Pester Power as a Diasporic Dilemma:A Study on the Expatriate Indians in Bahrain
Pillai, Rajasekharan
Thomas, Julia
Prasad, Saloni
M30 - General
M39 - Other
With the changes in the notion of family structure, movement from joint-family to nuclear family, children started acquiring unique stake in family decision making. It ranges from purchasing a semi-durable cloth to automobile, which have long durability. Sometimes their pattern of intervention is transformed into nagging, which is technically called pester power. This study explores the influencing role of children in consumer buying decisions focusing on the expatriate Indians in Bahrain.
2010-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24177/1/MPRA_paper_24177.pdf
Pillai, Rajasekharan and Thomas, Julia and Prasad, Saloni (2010): Pester Power as a Diasporic Dilemma:A Study on the Expatriate Indians in Bahrain.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25118
2019-09-27T13:53:31Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443634
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25118/
Does Weather Actually Affect Tipping? An Empirical Analysis of Time Series Data
Flynn, Sean Masaki
Greenberg, Adam Eric
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
D64 - Altruism ; Philanthropy
M30 - General
J30 - General
Prior literature has found evidence that pleasant weather conditions (namely sunshine) lead to higher tip rates, presumably because pleasant weather improves the moods of either servers or patrons. But previous studies involved only a few dozen subjects on at most a handful of days. We remedy this small-sample deficiency by examining two years of sales data on thousands of customers at a busy restaurant. We find no statistically significant relationship between sunshine and tipping. Thus, tipping appears to be better explained as an institutional standard or norm rather than as a prosocial behavior that can be modulated by weather-induced changes in mood.
2010-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25118/1/MPRA_paper_25118.pdf
Flynn, Sean Masaki and Greenberg, Adam Eric (2010): Does Weather Actually Affect Tipping? An Empirical Analysis of Time Series Data. Forthcoming in: Journal of Applied Social Psychology
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:26840
2019-10-03T16:48:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3339
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26840/
Mediating effects of broadband consumers’ behavior in India
G, Thiagarajan
Nakkeeran, Senthilkumar
Arockiasamy, Arulraj
M31 - Marketing
M30 - General
M39 - Other
Internet usage is rapidly growing in areas like cosmopolitan cities, semi-urban cities in India. I-enabled services offered by various government agencies, educational institutions and commercial activities force users of these services to seek superior internet access like broadband, WiMax is likely to replace traditional broadband and dial-up access soon. Interestingly, reforms in telecom sector are taking place at a rapid pace in India. Many private players started internet services affecting monopolistic public sector telecoms. The advent of private ISPs, the consumer behavior and brand choice of broadband consumers are witnessing dynamic shift in favor of private players. Cost competitiveness, transparency, paradigm shift in consumer responsiveness etc weigh in favor of Public Sector telecoms. This paper attempts to identify the factors affecting broadband consumer behavior. Further, paper studies the causes and effects, mediating effects of consumer behavior and conceptualizes a model to capture these effects. The results suggest that adoption of broadband service is playing a mediatory role in consumer satisfaction.
2010-07-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26840/1/MPRA_paper_26840.pdf
G, Thiagarajan and Nakkeeran, Senthilkumar and Arockiasamy, Arulraj (2010): Mediating effects of broadband consumers’ behavior in India. Published in: Marketology , Vol. 5, No. 3 (September 2010): 01-16.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:27617
2019-09-29T03:45:36Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453530
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27617/
Price Setting and Price Adjustment in Some European Union Countries: Introduction to the Special Issue
Levy, Daniel
Smets, Frank
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
D40 - General
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
E52 - Monetary Policy
E50 - General
M30 - General
M20 - General
This introductory essay briefly summarizes the eleven empirical studies of price setting and price adjustment that are included in this special issue. The studies, which use data from several European countries, were conducted as part of the European Central Bank’s Inflation Persistence Network.
2010-02-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27617/1/MPRA_paper_27617.pdf
Levy, Daniel and Smets, Frank (2010): Price Setting and Price Adjustment in Some European Union Countries: Introduction to the Special Issue. Forthcoming in: Managerial and Decision Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:30365
2019-09-26T15:54:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/30365/
Design, effectiveness and role of visual merchandising in creating customer appeal
Pillai, Rajasekharan
Iqbal, Azmiya
Umer, Habiba
Maqbool, Aisha
Sunil, Namrata
M31 - Marketing
M30 - General
This study aims to find out how and to what extent outlets incorporate visual merchandising, that appeals to the customers and lead to a potential purchase. The survey method was followed to conduct the study and data were collected through sampling techniques from identified respondents, who were selected through convenient and judgment methods. The major findings in the light of the objectives of this project were that most of the stores need to have attractive window displays, proper stores layout, appealing visual merchandising themes to attract present and potential customers into the store. It is also understood that the most important aspect of visual merchandising is to have proper lighting and attractive display themes. The output of the study unfolds that the most of the merchandiser’s main focus is to display the newest trend and best moving items into the display windows and visual merchandising was found to be very helpful for converting potential customers into real customers.
2011-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/30365/1/MPRA_paper_30365.pdf
Pillai, Rajasekharan and Iqbal, Azmiya and Umer, Habiba and Maqbool, Aisha and Sunil, Namrata (2011): Design, effectiveness and role of visual merchandising in creating customer appeal.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:31660
2019-09-26T08:28:24Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31660/
Global product as a result of globalization process
Wach, Krzysztof
F15 - Economic Integration
M30 - General
The paper elaborates on the process of global product creation. The author tries to define a global product. Basic product strategies on global market are described, among them: standardization, adaptation and diversification. Premises and conditions for product standardization as well as determiners of standardization and adaptation are quoted. Many examples of global product and its strategies are described.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31660/1/MPRA_paper_31660.pdf
Wach, Krzysztof (2003): Global product as a result of globalization process. Published in: Opportunities of Change. Conference Proceedings of the 3rd International Economic Congress, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk 2003 No. ISBN 83-7326-160-5 (2003): pp. 71-79.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:32712
2019-09-26T09:45:04Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32712/
Consumer motivations in the purchase of organic food. A means-end approach
Zanoli, Raffaele
Naspetti, Simona
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
M30 - General
The paper presents partial results from an Italian study on consumer perception and knowledge of organic food and related behaviour. Uses the means-end chain model to link attributes of products to the needs of consumers. In order to provide insights into consumer motivation in purchasing organic products, 60 respondents were interviewed using ``hard’’
laddering approach to the measurement of means-end chains. The results (ladders) of these semi-qualitative interviews are coded, aggregated and presented in a set of hierarchical structured value maps. Even if organic products are perceived as difficult to find and expensive, most consumers judge them positively. All consumers associate organic products with health at different levels of abstraction and want good, tasty and nourishing products, because pleasure and wellbeing are their most important values. Results show that differences exist between groups of consumers with respect to their frequency of use (experience) of organic products and level of
information (expertise). Reports and discusses results on consumer cognitive structures at different level of experience.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32712/1/MPRA_paper_32712.pdf
Zanoli, Raffaele and Naspetti, Simona (2002): Consumer motivations in the purchase of organic food. A means-end approach. Published in: British Food Journal , Vol. 104, No. 8 (2002): pp. 643-653.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:33764
2019-09-27T11:16:19Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443634
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/33764/
Does weather actually affect tipping? an empirical analysis of time series data
Flynn, Sean Masaki
Greenberg, Adam Eric
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
D64 - Altruism ; Philanthropy
M30 - General
J30 - General
Prior literature has found evidence that pleasant weather (namely, sunshine) leads to higher tipping rates, presumably because it improves the moods of either servers or patrons. However, studies examining the relationship between pleasant weather and tipping behavior have involved relatively small samples of participants and daily observations. In addition, only one such study (Cunningham, 1979) used actual weather data to examine this relationship. We address these shortcomings by testing empirically the weather–tipping relationship on 2 years of actual sales data from a busy restaurant. We found no statistically significant relationship between sunshine and tipping. Tipping appears to be better explained as an institutional standard or norm, rather than as a prosocial behavior that can be modulated by weather-induced changes in mood.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/33764/3/MPRA_paper_33764.pdf
Flynn, Sean Masaki and Greenberg, Adam Eric (2011): Does weather actually affect tipping? an empirical analysis of time series data. Forthcoming in: Journal of Applied Social Psychology
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:34762
2019-10-02T21:40:59Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/34762/
Marketing is all about taking money from customers (an application of Tobit model)
Hasan, Syed Akif
Subhani, Muhammad Imtiaz
Osman, Ms. Amber
C02 - Mathematical Methods
M30 - General
C01 - Econometrics
One of the key dimensions of business is marketing and when we say marketing we talk about creating more revenue every second. Sales are an important key to success for revenue generation and for this purpose various marketing strategies have been developed. Sales are always driven by customers/consumers, and this thought is in practice since the inception of the concept of business. This paper is an appreciation on the comprehension of various marketing strategies (i.e. Single Segment Strategy, Differentiated Strategy, Un Differentiated Strategy, Product Development, Establishing The Brand, Innovation strategy, Market Growth Shares, Porter Cost Leadership, Market Expansion, Pricing, Diversification), which only aim at generating revenues while proposing the Tobit model to assess the relationships of outlined various marketing strategies with the revenue generation (sales of the products/ services). The comprehensive findings of this research reveals that all strategic means are important for generating revenues in relevance to the products/ services which are being offered and confirms that all outlined marketing strategies are designed and configured with the intent to grab the money from every pocket, but single segment strategy and market growth share strategy matter the most in this connections. Whereas, the Tobit model is revealed as an appropriate and robust model to predict the outlined relationship.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/34762/1/MPRA_paper_34762.pdf
Hasan, Syed Akif and Subhani, Muhammad Imtiaz and Osman, Ms. Amber (2011): Marketing is all about taking money from customers (an application of Tobit model). Forthcoming in: International Research Journal of Finance and Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:35016
2019-10-03T01:45:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35016/
National advertising and cooperation in a manufacturer-two-retailers channel
Ben Youssef, Slim
Dridi, Dhouha
C70 - General
M30 - General
We consider a supply channel composed of one manufacturer and two retailers. Three cases are studied. The non-cooperative one is a leader-follower relationship. The manufacturer determines his spending in national advertising and the whole sale price. Then, the retailers determine non-cooperatively the price for consumers. The second case is a partial-cooperative one where retailers decide jointly for the price. In the third case, all members of the channel cooperate by maximizing a joint profit function. The spending in advertising and the quantity sold are the lowest in the partial-cooperative case, while retailers' price is the highest. Interestingly, when the degree of substituability between the two products proposed by retailers is low, these latter are worse off with partial-cooperation with respect to non-cooperation. Partial-cooperation is always the worst case for the manufacturer, the whole channel, consumers' surplus and social welfare, while cooperation is the best case. Cooperating members can share the extra-profit by a whole sale price.
2011-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35016/1/MPRA_paper_35016.pdf
Ben Youssef, Slim and Dridi, Dhouha (2011): National advertising and cooperation in a manufacturer-two-retailers channel.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:36865
2019-09-26T21:54:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36865/
Organic food consumer in Romania
Dumea, Andrei-Cosmin
Andrei, Andreia Gabriela
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
D10 - General
M30 - General
Food consumption patterns are rapidly changing nowadays as a result of environmental issues, concern about the nutritional value of food and health issues. Issues such as quality and safety in food attract consumer interest in organic food that is free from pesticides and chemical residues (Childs and Polyzees, 1997; Zotos et al., 1999; Baltas, 2001; Fotopoulos and Krystallis, 2002).
This study is attempted to gain knowledge about organic food consumer demographic characteristics and purchase behaviour of organic food in Romania. The research method used was online survey. A structured questionnaire was used which employed with true-false questions, multiple-choice questions and Likert scale questions. A convenience sample was used for this research.
2012-02-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36865/1/MPRA_paper_36865.pdf
Dumea, Andrei-Cosmin and Andrei, Andreia Gabriela (2012): Organic food consumer in Romania.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39300
2019-09-27T08:22:10Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39300/
The marketing spirit from the perspective of moral values
Dumea, Andrei Cosmin
Mariciuc, Dragos Florentin
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
M30 - General
Economic theory and practice, in general, and marketing, in particular, involve a cultivation of an entrepreneurial and mercantile atittude, the willing to win and to speculate any business opportunity. Not infrequently, was questioned the ethical nature of any commercial approach, the morality of the profit or the lack of sincerity of the advertisements. This paper aims to illustrate areas of marketing practice that provoke substantial ethical comment and discussion.
2010-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39300/3/MPRA_paper_39300.pdf
Dumea, Andrei Cosmin and Mariciuc, Dragos Florentin (2010): The marketing spirit from the perspective of moral values. Published in: , Vol. Instit, (June 2010): pp. 220-226.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:41141
2019-10-08T03:19:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3836
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41141/
QR Codes Usage Approach In The Virtualized Consumption
Muntean, Mihaela
Mircea, Gabriela
Bazavan, Sandra
O30 - General
M30 - General
L86 - Information and Internet Services ; Computer Software
E20 - General
Placed in magazines, newspapers, billboard, subway stations, airports, public places, advertising panels, public or private institutions, QR codes meet an increased popularity by instantly connecting any consumer to details of products, discounts, events, payment and purchasing services or direct access to any web address. All of these aspects already exist in any consumer’s life but in an unstructured process which now can be summarized by a single code scan, using a common camera based device. In this paper we determine whether the massive implementation of QR codes would accelerate virtualized consumption and perform towards profitability as a new strategic resource.
2012-02-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41141/1/MPRA_paper_41141.pdf
Muntean, Mihaela and Mircea, Gabriela and Bazavan, Sandra (2012): QR Codes Usage Approach In The Virtualized Consumption. Published in: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Informatics in Economy , Vol. I, (5 May 2012)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:41517
2019-09-27T16:51:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3139
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41517/
Rabbit meat consumption in Kenya
Mailu, S.K
Muhammad, L
Wanyoike, M.M
Mwanza, R.N.
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
L19 - Other
M30 - General
D10 - General
A survey was undertaken in 7 counties in Kenya covering a total of 300 rabbit farmers. Another 100 non rabbit keeping farmers was similarly interviewed for comparison purposes. Questions on the survey instrument sought to identify consumption patterns of rabbit meat among the sample farmers. Results were subjected to chi square test for association in an attempt to identify characteristics of respondents that might be pointers to rabbit meat consumption. Education, the number of rabbits kept—as well as whether the farmers actually kept rabbits were strong pointers towards making a particular farmer also a consumer of rabbit meat. Income (in this study, expenditure was used as a proxy for incomes) and the region of residence were marginally associated with rabbit meat consumption. Only 38 percent of non-rabbit farmers consumed rabbit meat compared to 82 percent for those who kept rabbits. The frequency of rabbit meat consumption was found to be very low, even for rabbit keepers with 46 percent of this group doing so at most, once every 12 months compared to 73 percent for non-rabbit farmers.
2012-09-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41517/1/MPRA_paper_41517.pdf
Mailu, S.K and Muhammad, L and Wanyoike, M.M and Mwanza, R.N. (2012): Rabbit meat consumption in Kenya.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:42234
2019-09-26T18:18:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42234/
Globalization and culture a study of purchase behavior
Muhammad, Danish
Azam, Rehan
Syed Akbar, Suleman
M30 - General
The purpose of this research is to investigate that whether Globalization, culture and purchase behavior differ across the three demographic factors (age, income and gender). Further study empirically substantiate that the globalization is impacting on consumer culture and purchase behavior of the Pakistani consumer. The data comprised of 250 respondents who are urban, educated, middle-class belongs to the different organizations operating in Karachi. The data was collected through structured and self-administered questionnaire. To test first objective Independent sample t test was used. Results shows that consumers who are young, having high income, and female are more inclined towards globalization, having western life style and conspicuous consumption as compare to old, low income group and male respectively. To test second objective the simple linear regression analysis was used. F and T statistics are significant against .05 level of significance shows that Globalization is impacting on consumer culture and purchase behavior. This paper provides understanding about changing life style and their consumption pattern of consumers in Karachi which would enable organizations to make more sound strategies to cater consumers.
2012-09-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42234/1/MPRA_paper_42234.pdf
Muhammad, Danish and Azam, Rehan and Syed Akbar, Suleman (2012): Globalization and culture a study of purchase behavior.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:42239
2019-10-01T04:24:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3339
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42239/
Advertising value of mobile marketing through acceptance among youth in Karachi
Syed Akbar, Suleman
Azam, Rehan
Muhammad, Danish
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
M30 - General
M39 - Other
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the key influencing factors towards mobile marketing acceptance among youth in Karachi. It further analyzes the impact of mobile marketing acceptance on its advertising value. To achieve the objective of this study a convenient sample of 247 respondents from University students, Government officials and business organizations in Karachi is taken over a two-week period during the spring of 2012. After validating the instrument, correlation analysis is performed to test the relationship of prior permission, personalization, message exposure and appropriate medium with mobile marketing acceptance, and simple liner regression is applied to see the impact of mobile marketing acceptance on its advertising value. By using SPSS software Statistical evidence at .05 level of significance proved that Prior Permission, Personalization, Frequency of Exposure and Appropriate Medium are significantly correlated with mobile marketing acceptance. Further simple liner regression proved that mobile marketing acceptance has positive impact on its advertising value among youth in Karachi. Because of convenience sampling further research is desirable to confirm and extend the present results. This identification of variables of Acceptance and its relation to advertising value will be beneficial for organization to use mobile phone as a means of communicating promotional content.
2012-09-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42239/1/MPRA_paper_42239.pdf
Syed Akbar, Suleman and Azam, Rehan and Muhammad, Danish (2012): Advertising value of mobile marketing through acceptance among youth in Karachi.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:42842
2019-09-26T10:52:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D50:5033:503336
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463534
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483432
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443834
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3633
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D5A:5A30
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3137
7375626A656374733D59:5938:593830
7375626A656374733D4E:4E39:4E3934
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3133
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3132
7375626A656374733D4E:4E33:4E3334
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433932
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
7375626A656374733D59:5939:593930
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523230
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42842/
Receptarea soap-opera de către tineri. Studiu de caz: „Beverly Hills”
Branea, Silvia
P36 - Consumer Economics ; Health ; Education and Training ; Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Poverty
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
F54 - Colonialism ; Imperialism ; Postcolonialism
H42 - Publicly Provided Private Goods
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
D84 - Expectations ; Speculations
J63 - Turnover ; Vacancies ; Layoffs
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
Z0 - General
J17 - Value of Life ; Forgone Income
Y80 - Related Disciplines
N94 - Europe: 1913-
P10 - General
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
J13 - Fertility ; Family Planning ; Child Care ; Children ; Youth
Z10 - General
J12 - Marriage ; Marital Dissolution ; Family Structure ; Domestic Abuse
N34 - Europe: 1913-
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
Y90 - Other
D10 - General
M30 - General
R20 - General
Z11 - Economics of the Arts and Literature
Besides the theoretical approach, the paper also includes an research conducted with students of the Faculty of Jornalism and Communication at the University of Bucarest. The main objective of this research was to determine the extent to which the media fiction (television series for youth) influence the attitudes of the public. The epistemological approach is based on three assumptions: 1. Attitude change caused by exposure to television is a process conditioned by the opinion leaders and the reactivity of the audience. 2. The flow of communication specific to structured group is the psychological mechanism which structuring values. 3. The effects of media (especially television) are enhanced or diminished by the positioning of the leaders of the group in respect of the values presented in episodes watched. Concerning the first hypothesis, after the research, we can not say that there is a link type „cause and effect” between students' exposure to messages television series „Beverly Hills 90210” and results. Regarding the second hypothesis we can see a partial validation. Also the third hypothesis was confirmed to a large extent, but noted that students condsider that a relatively large influence is supported by some agents of influence outside the university. The research found that although the research participants do not recognize the existence of some influence of television (and television series) on them, we can highlihht a persuasive moderate pressure from media of fiction.
2003-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42842/1/MPRA_paper_42842.pdf
Branea, Silvia (2003): Receptarea soap-opera de către tineri. Studiu de caz: „Beverly Hills”. Published in: Romanian Journal of Journalism and Communication , Vol. Year 2, No. Spring (2003): pp. 121-128.
ro
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44134
2019-09-26T12:15:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443837
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44134/
Quantitative versus qualitative in neuromarketing research
Bercea, Monica Diana
M31 - Marketing
M30 - General
D87 - Neuroeconomics
Marketing research methods continuously develop and over the last decade technology offered solutions to improve this area. Traditional marketing research methods fail at some point in certain cases, and since emotions are mediators of how consumers process marketing messages, understanding of cognitive responses to advertisements have always been a challenge in methodology. Neuromarketing is the branch of neuroscience research that aims to better understand the consumer through his unconscious processes and has application in marketing, explaining consumer's preferences, motivations and expectations, predicting his behavior and evaluating successes or failures of advertising messages. In this context, this study aims to analyze relatively new alternative techniques in neuromarketing research, from quantitative and qualitative perspectives. After presenting the common space between quantitative research and neuromarketing research, respectively between qualitative research and neuromarketing research, the study will conclude on whether neuromarketing research is closer to a quantitative approach, or to a qualitative one.
2013-02-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44134/1/MPRA_paper_44134.pdf
Bercea, Monica Diana (2013): Quantitative versus qualitative in neuromarketing research.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44723
2019-09-29T11:08:13Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44723/
Placing Romania in the European and International Market: The Role of Image in building a Nation Identity
Soproni, Luminita
Stoica, Alina
Drinda, Roxana
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
Nowadays, image is radically important for any product, and even more so for a country. The image that a country displays to the world influences the attitude and perception of the other countries and people in general about itself. Romania is currently facing a brick wall in this area. Although the country is in a continuous change, the same cannot be said about the way others perceive it.
Throughout this paper, we would like to point out the importance and part of branding in the development and positioning of a country, by trying to answer questions such as what a country should and should not do in order to have a good and representative image towards the exterior.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44723/1/MPRA_paper_44723.pdf
Soproni, Luminita and Stoica, Alina and Drinda, Roxana (2009): Placing Romania in the European and International Market: The Role of Image in building a Nation Identity. Published in: Luminita Soproni, Ioan Horga (eds.), Media and European Diversity/ Médias et Diversité Européenne, Bruxelles: Bruylant, 2012 , Vol. 8, No. Collection Voisinages Europeens (May 2012): pp. 239-254.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:46435
2019-09-26T11:13:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3339
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46435/
Aspects and Importance of Digital Media in Pakistan
Abdur Raheem, Syed
Akber, Fahad
Hashmi, Umair
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
M39 - Other
Digital Media has gained importance over the years, around the world. It has created impact in Pakistan too. This paper draws comparison in usage and impact of Digital Media in developed worlds with Pakistan and identifies the flaws, the potential and scope of digital media in Pakistan. Pakistan as the world’s 7th largest country has tremendous potential for digital media. However lack of knowledge, interest and resources has held Pakistan in attaining advancement in development of digital media.
Though the technology has been there since 1990s yet, fewer people properly understand aspects and importance of digital media. In fact there are hardly any research papers on digital media by Pakistani authors. In this research paper we have limited our research to the limited application of digital media in Pakistan but we have discussed in detail the upcoming trends and marketing tactics adopted by marketers.
2013-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/46435/1/MPRA_paper_46435.pdf
Abdur Raheem, Syed and Akber, Fahad and Hashmi, Umair (2013): Aspects and Importance of Digital Media in Pakistan.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:50787
2019-09-29T07:12:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50787/
The structuring of components of the net domestic product according to the innovation criterion
Kozmenko, Serhiy
Vasil’yeva, Tetyana
Leonov, Serhiy
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
The article studies the additional multiplier effects, which the economic system can receive from the realization
of a sound innovation policy, which should be considered during the assessment of microeconomic indicators of
the economic growth. The methodology for the structuring of the NDP components by the criterion of innovation
receives further development, which makes it possible to prove the importance of the innovative orientation in the
components of consumer expenditures and availability of different tendencies in the consumption of traditional
and innovative goods and services; to carry out the structuring of state expenditures by the criterion of innovation;
to develop the mechanism of innovative orientation assessment of the net export; to research the factors of
demand formation for innovatively and traditionally-oriented investments; to prove the existence of a cyclic
feedback between the volume of every kind of investment and certain factors forming the demand; to define the
conceptual areas of innovation components during the calculation of NDP.
2010-12-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50787/1/MPRA_paper_50787.pdf
Kozmenko, Serhiy and Vasil’yeva, Tetyana and Leonov, Serhiy (2010): The structuring of components of the net domestic product according to the innovation criterion. Published in: Innovative Marketing , Vol. 6, No. 4 (27 December 2010): pp. 30-41.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:51637
2019-09-27T07:23:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D52:5234:523431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/51637/
A Generalized Random Regret Minimization Model
Chorus, Caspar
C5 - Econometric Modeling
M30 - General
R41 - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion ; Travel Time ; Safety and Accidents ; Transportation Noise
This paper presents, discusses and tests a generalized Random Regret Minimization (G-RRM) model. The G-RRM model is created by replacing a fixed constant in the attribute-specific regret functions of the RRM model, by a regret-weight variable. Depending on the value of the regret-weights, the G-RRM model generates predictions that equal those of, respectively, the canonical linear-in-parameters Random Utility Maximization (RUM) model, the conventional Random Regret Minimization (RRM) model, and hybrid RUM-RRM specifications. When the regret-weight variable is written as a binary logit function, the G-RRM model can be estimated on choice data using conventional software packages. As an empirical proof of concept, the G-RRM model is estimated on a stated route choice dataset, and its outcomes are compared with RUM and RRM counterparts.
2013-11-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/51637/1/MPRA_paper_51637.pdf
Chorus, Caspar (2013): A Generalized Random Regret Minimization Model.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:57943
2019-09-29T06:24:26Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/57943/
The social responsibility of retailers and small and medium suppliers in international supply chains
Pepe, Cosetta
Musso, Fabio
Risso, Mario
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
M16 - International Business Administration
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M30 - General
This paper presents an overview of corporate social responsibility (CSR) drivers within retailers’ supply chains, following a multiple perspective of the different players involved. The study is focused on the relationship between European retailers and small-medium enterprises in the food sector. In particular the analysis examines the effects of the large retailers’ CSR initiatives on the small suppliers involved in supply chains where large retailers are leaders. The research identifies that small and medium Italian manufacturers adapt their processes and tools to the CSR requirements of large retailers. When food SME are strongly involved as suppliers of international large retailers, they reach a higher level of consciousness in CSR relevance and, above all, they are more capable of managing CSR activities by adopting standards and certification systems.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/57943/1/MPRA_paper_57943.pdf
Pepe, Cosetta and Musso, Fabio and Risso, Mario (2010): The social responsibility of retailers and small and medium suppliers in international supply chains. Published in: Finanza, Marketing e Produzione No. n. 3 (2010): pp. 32-61.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:62492
2019-09-28T08:07:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4430
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62492/
Service Quality and Internet Banking: Perceptions of Maltese Retail Bank Customers
Camilleri, Silvio John
Cortis, Justine
Fenech, Maria Diandra
D0 - General
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
M30 - General
This paper focuses on customers’ perceptions regarding two key aspects in Maltese retail finance: service quality and internet banking. The importance of these topics is likely to keep on growing in the near future, as clients become more demanding and financially-literate. We use various service quality dimensions, in order to garner bank customers’ opinions as to the factors which seem more important in determining overall satisfaction. We obtain indications that clients lay particular emphasis on reliability and access. We also focus on different aspects which may encourage or inhibit the adoption of internet banking services, and these include cost, security, convenience and having the service recommended by acquaintances.
2013
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62492/1/MPRA_paper_62492.pdf
Camilleri, Silvio John and Cortis, Justine and Fenech, Maria Diandra (2013): Service Quality and Internet Banking: Perceptions of Maltese Retail Bank Customers. Published in: Bank of Valletta Review , Vol. Autumn, No. 48 (2013): pp. 1-17.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:62782
2019-09-27T04:14:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62782/
Четыре вида продвижения товара в маркетинге
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
The article discusses the features of communication policy in marketing. The author analyzes the objectives, functions and structural elements of communication policy as a tool to promote the products in the consumer market. Particular attention is paid to the practical use of marketing communications.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62782/1/MPRA_paper_62782.pdf
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail (2012): Четыре вида продвижения товара в маркетинге.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:62784
2019-10-04T13:02:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62784/
Товарная политика в маркетинге
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
The article discusses the features of product policy in marketing. The author analyzes the objectives, functions and structural elements of product policy as a tool to promote the products in the consumer market. Particular attention is paid to the practical implementation of product policy in the Russian context.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62784/1/MPRA_paper_62784.pdf
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail (2012): Товарная политика в маркетинге.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:62785
2019-09-28T18:19:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62785/
Концепция «4Р» и планирование маркетинга в кратком и ясном изложении
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
The article discusses the features of marketing planning through the use of the concept of «4P». The author analyzes the objectives, functions and structural elements of the concept of «4P» as a tool for marketing planning with the promotion of goods in the consumer market. Particular attention is paid to the practical application of the concept of «4P» in Russian conditions.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62785/1/MPRA_paper_62785.pdf
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail (2012): Концепция «4Р» и планирование маркетинга в кратком и ясном изложении.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:62786
2019-10-04T16:37:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4636:463631
7375626A656374733D46:4636:463633
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483830
7375626A656374733D48:4838:483833
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62786/
Мировой экономический кризис и маркетинговая деятельность в России
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail
F61 - Microeconomic Impacts
F63 - Economic Development
H80 - General
H83 - Public Administration ; Public Sector Accounting and Audits
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
O21 - Planning Models ; Planning Policy
Article on the impact of the crisis in the global economy on marketing strategy in Russia. The author substantiates the thesis of the decline in the value of methods of promoting the marketing mix and a gradual return to the dominance of the marketing concept of the distribution.
2010-04-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62786/1/MPRA_paper_62786.pdf
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail (2010): Мировой экономический кризис и маркетинговая деятельность в России. Published in: Экономика. Организация производства. Предпринимательство. Инновации: Материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции. No. Омск: ОмГТУ, 2010. – С. 98-101. – ISBN 978-5-8149-0894-0. (2010): pp. 98-101.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:62791
2019-10-08T12:53:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3135
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62791/
Перспективные формы продвижения товаров в условиях мирового экономического кризиса
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
L26 - Entrepreneurship
M15 - IT Management
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
An article about the transformation of the forms and methods of marketing in the context of the global economic crisis. The extensive development of e-commerce has led to the emergence of new forms of virtual sales and globalization of marketing. The author analyzes the changes taking place in the field of trade and the impact of these changes on the practice of marketing.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/62791/1/MPRA_paper_62791.pdf
Kaluzhsky, Mikhail (2011): Перспективные формы продвижения товаров в условиях мирового экономического кризиса. Published in: Организационно-управленческие аспекты экономического развития предприятий и регионов: Сборник научных трудов. No. Омск: ОмГТУ, 2011. – С. 30-35. – ISBN 978-5-8149-1069-1. (2011): pp. 30-35.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:67224
2019-09-26T12:35:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463530
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67224/
Die Buchpublikationen der Nobelpreis-Ökonomen und die führenden Buchverlage der Disziplin. Eine bibliometrische Analyse
Tausch, Arno
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
F50 - General
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M30 - General
Recent contributions in the expanding discipline of scientometry and bibliometrics have started to study not only the "impact" of publications in journals, but also in books. This methodology can be applied to individual authors or even to the "impact" of entire publishing companies. One basic idea of this kind of analysis is simple, not to say downright vulgar. Is a book or book series important, it must be surely not only be cited internationally, but it also must be physically or electronically present in a library, because after all, scientists and students will want to work with the book. Such comparisons can use the information, provided by the open-access version of the OCLC "Worldcat". The global union catalog OCLC was founded in America in 1967 and today integrates library collections in 113 countries around the world. OCLC Classify can pinpoint with accuracy how many libraries in the world - from northern Norway to Chile, and from California to Europe and Africa to Australia, including Russia and India - have copies of the scientific work x or y in their inventory; and the system also ranks the works of each global author by the number of global libraries, holding the item. Adam Smith's classic "An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations" manages to be held in 41051 libraries; and William Shakespeare's "The tragey of Romeo and Juliet" in 39911 libraries.
Among the possible new indicators to measure the impacts of books or book series we also designed a new measure, based on the check-out rate according to the Harvard-Hollis catalog, reflecting the use of a book/book series in the largest academic library in the world, offering clues to the de-facto reading habits of the university community, which accounts for more than 1 out of 6 academic trajectories of Nobel Prize winners.
Applying the logic of the Harvard catalogue to two leading German economists, we realize for example that Hanns-Werner Sinn from CESifo Institute in Munich and Marcel Fratzscher from the German Institute for Economic Research in Berlin both receive an astonishingly high check-out rate of their works among the Harvard academic community. The Hollis catalog easily provides us also with information according to which the check-out rate of books that have been published by Cambridge University Press is somewhat higher than that of Princeton UP or Chicago U.P. et cetera.
In our paper, we then analyze the library holding and publishing patterns of the Nobel laureates in economics, 1994-2014. More than 50% of their best and second most widely globally held book publications were concentrated among just 8 publishing companies, all of which are known by their rigorous peer-review
1) Cambridge University Press
2) Princeton University Press
3) Harvard University Press and affiliates
4) Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research
5) Oxford University Press
6) New York: W. W. Norton
7) University of Chicago Press
8) University of Minnesota Press
We then briefly discuss the previous rankings of publishing companies already published in the literature, mainly the ranking by the Dutch Science Consortium SENSE, and the University of Granada ranking system, which relies on the newly created Thomson-Reuters "Book Citation Index". The Granada ranking puts Springer, Palgrave Macmillan, Routledge, Cambridge University Press, Elsevier, Nova Science Publishers, Edward Elgar, Information Age Publishing, Princeton University Press and University of California Press among the best-placed publishers. Our own multivariate attempt is based on a UNDP-type of Index, combining
* the publication of the results of science
* citations and standing in the academic community
* market penetration in two typical industrialized Western countries
* attention given to the published books by international decision-makers
* market penetration in developing countries
* attention received in the international media
The 6 main indicators for the 57 companies with complete data are each based on the following sub-indicators:
* Publication of the results of science
• Number of books and book chapters in the Thomson Reuters Book Citation Index
• Quotations from books and book chapters in the Thomson Reuters Book Citation Index
• Harvard Library: Number of available titles (books only)
• Number of quotations in the books, contained in the full-text Questia Books library
* citations and standing in the academic community
• average citations - Books and book chapters by the Thomson Reuters Book Citation Index
• Standard deviation of citations - Books and Book Chapters: Thomson Reuters Book Citation Index
• Sense quality indicator
• Harvard HOLLIS ratio of books that are checked out, per total stock of books available in the Harvard HOLLIS catalog
• average citations - Books in Thomson Reuters Book Citation Index
• Number of references about the company in professional journals - Questia
* market penetration in two typical industrialized Western countries
• Japanese NACSIS catalog – best book: maximum Library Outreach of the publishing house in Japan
• Japanese NACSIS catalogue - top 200th book: maximum Library Outreach of the publishing house in Japan
• Swedish LIBRIS - best book: maximum Library Outreach of the publishing house in Sweden
• Swedish LIBRIS top 50th book: maximum Library Outreach of the publishing house in Sweden
* attention to the books by international decision-makers
• How many titles are available in the EU Commission Brussels ECLAS catalog?
• How many titles are available in the World Bank / IMF JOLIS library catalog in Washington?
* market penetration in developing countries
• How many titles are available in the Union Catalogue of Indian Libraries (IndCat (India) General Catalogue)?
* attention in the international media
• Number of references about the company in leading international magazines such as Time, Newsweek, etc. - Questia
• Number of references about the company in newspapers like the New York Times, etc. - Questia
Based on the results of our study, the leading book publishers with a high relevance for the economic discipline are:
1. Springer
2. Oxford University Press
3. World Bank
4. Routledge
5. Cambridge University Press
6. Princeton University Press
7. Elsevier
8. MIT Press
9. University of Chicago Press
10. University of California Press
11. CRC Press
12. Palgrave Macmillan
13. Kluwer Academic Publishers
14. Yale University Press
15. Brill
2015-10-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67224/1/MPRA_paper_67224.pdf
Tausch, Arno (2015): Die Buchpublikationen der Nobelpreis-Ökonomen und die führenden Buchverlage der Disziplin. Eine bibliometrische Analyse.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:68693
2019-09-26T09:18:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433930
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443439
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/68693/
A Survey of the Empirical Evidence on PWYW Pricing
Greiff, Matthias
Egbert, Henrik
C90 - General
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
D49 - Other
M21 - Business Economics
M30 - General
We review a large number of empirical studies on Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW) pricing. We distinguish between laboratory experiments, field experiments, survey experiments and case studies. Based on this survey we identify the following two gaps in the recently flourishing literature on PWYW pricing: (1) studies on PWYW pricing for goods with high cost, and (2) studies on the long-term effects of PWYW pricing.
2016-01-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/68693/1/MPRA_paper_68693.pdf
Greiff, Matthias and Egbert, Henrik (2016): A Survey of the Empirical Evidence on PWYW Pricing.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:70747
2019-09-27T04:19:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70747/
A rising e-channel tide lifts all boats? The impact of manufacturer multi-channel encroachment on traditional selling and leasing
Yan, Wei
Li, Youwei
Wu, Ying
Palmer, Mark
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
Organizing and managing channels of distribution is an important marketing task. Due to the emergence of electronic commerce on the Internet, e-channel distribution systems have been adopted by many manufacturers. However, academic and anecdotal evidence both point to the pressures arising from this new e-channel manufacturing environment. Questions marks therefore remain on how the addition of this e-channel affects the traditional marketing strategies of leasing and selling. We set up several two-period dual-channel models in which a manufacturer sells a durable product through both a manufacturer-owned e-channel and an independent reseller (leaser) who adopts selling (leasing) to consumers. Our main results indicate that, direct selling cost aside, product durability plays an important role in shaping the strategies of all members. With either marketing strategy, the additional expansion of an e-channel territory may secure Pareto gains, in which all members benefit.
2016-04-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70747/1/MPRA_paper_70747.pdf
Yan, Wei and Li, Youwei and Wu, Ying and Palmer, Mark (2016): A rising e-channel tide lifts all boats? The impact of manufacturer multi-channel encroachment on traditional selling and leasing.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:70758
2019-09-26T09:19:42Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3933
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70758/
Impact Of Employee Motivation On Customer Satisfaction: Study Of Airline Industry In Pakistan
Ahmed, Muhammad Bilal
Wasey, Ejaz
Jhanndir, Saif Ullah
L9 - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities
L93 - Air Transportation
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
Employees are the most important factor in the success and failure of any organization. The airline industry is a service industry that sells seats to its passengers therefore employees motivation towards their job plays a very important role in serving the customer’s needs. This study focuses on the impact of employee motivation and its components e.g. work environment, pay and benefits, management systems and organizational vision on customer satisfaction in the airline industry of Pakistan. Correlation and regression analysis is used for this analysis. Results show that employee motivation as well as its four components e.g. work environment, pay and benefits, management systems and organizational vision have a significant positive influence on customer’s satisfaction. Those employees who have direct interaction with customer satisfaction highly influence the customer satisfaction level. It is evident from results that pay and benefits plays key role in motivating employees towards their organizational goal of higher customer satisfaction.
2012-10-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70758/1/MPRA_paper_70758.pdf
Ahmed, Muhammad Bilal and Wasey, Ejaz and Jhanndir, Saif Ullah (2012): Impact Of Employee Motivation On Customer Satisfaction: Study Of Airline Industry In Pakistan. Published in: Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business , Vol. VOL 4,, No. NO 6 (1 October 2012): pp. 532-539.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:71183
2019-09-30T10:17:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71183/
Автоматизация заправочных терминалов как фактор повышения конкурентоспособности АЗС
Kharitonenko, Yuliya
M30 - General
In this article the problem of improving the competitiveness of gas stations by automating the sales of petroleum products on the Russian enterprises. The author analyzes the features, advantages and disadvantages of automation of petrol stations in Russia. Particular attention is paid to the comparative performance of different types of gas stations.
2016
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71183/1/MPRA_paper_71183.pdf
Kharitonenko, Yuliya (2016): Автоматизация заправочных терминалов как фактор повышения конкурентоспособности АЗС.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:71999
2019-09-26T10:02:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71999/
The Deadweight Loss of Diwali
Waknis, Parag
Gaikwad, Ajit
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
M30 - General
Z10 - General
Using survey responses of undergraduate students from a college in India, we conducted an empirical analysis of efficiency of non-monetary gifts exchanged on the occasion of Diwali similar to analysis for Christmas in Waldfogel (1993). We found an average deadweight loss of 15% on all gifts, with gifts of accessories and electronic goods showing a lower loss compared to other types of gifts. We also found that lesser the generational distance between the person gifting and the receiver, lower is the deadweight loss. In addition, there is weak evidence
supporting differences in valuation of gifts based on closeness of familial ties as understood in this cultural context. We, however, did not find any systematic difference in valuation of gifts by gender of the recipients.
2006-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71999/1/MPRA_paper_71999.pdf
Waknis, Parag and Gaikwad, Ajit (2006): The Deadweight Loss of Diwali.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:72409
2019-09-28T07:27:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/72409/
An Assessment of User Satisfaction in Academic Libraries: a case study of the Fiji National University Library
Deo, Sandhya
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
M30 - General
The purpose of this paper is to examine the degree of user satisfaction regarding the Fiji National University library services through library user surveys. The paper elaborates how these user surveys play a significant role in library service quality enhancement for students and academic to conduct their research and advance their knowledge. The FNU Library is ISO 9001:2008 certified and is the only library in the South Pacific holding ISO certification which therefore plays a vital role in carrying out the survey. The survey was carried out from 3rd September to 1st October 2015 with a vision to obtain valuable feedback from the users and to provide high quality and responsive one-stop service at all 16 FNU libraries. The paper describes these surveys, including the end results and the improvements to be adopted. Responses gathered from user surveys provide literally important information for improving library services. Through these user surveys, the library received a large amount of data to be analyzed. A summary of user surveys, including ways of doing things, and putting into use as well as data analysis, might offer reference and practical experience for the FNU libraries. User survey plays an important role in the library's service quality improvement. The paper provides a valuable summary and practical knowledge of the topic.
2016-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/72409/1/MPRA_paper_72409.pdf
Deo, Sandhya (2016): An Assessment of User Satisfaction in Academic Libraries: a case study of the Fiji National University Library.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:72709
2019-09-27T19:18:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/72709/
"Telecom Branding in Pakistan: Network Coverage or Value Added Services"
Siddiqui, Dr. Kamran Ahmed
Ali, Mazhar
Sarki, Irshad Hussain
Khuhro, Rafique Ahmed
M30 - General
Purpose – This study explores the factors of telecom branding in Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach – Survey methodology was used to collect the data and a total of 238 mobile phone users were interviewed for their telecom brand preferences.
Findings – Exploratory factor analyses and cross tabulations were used to measure the results, four major antecedents were extracted, Brand Association, Brand Premium, Brand Communication and Brand Loyalty. Cross tabs show wider differences in male and female customers for their perceptions towards bases of telecom branding. Secondly, three factors were identified as shaping the telecom branding i.e. Network coverage, Value added services and Pricing strategies while in subsequent quests value added services were emerged as
major factor for retaining consumer mindset for telecom branding.
Research limitations/implications – A few strengths of social research; the universal use of self-reporting questionnaires, and use of students in the research process, which make the process robust and economically feasible, are actually highly criticized in different nonacademic quarters.
Practical implications – The findings point to various implications for practicing managers especially those who are responsible for segmentation, targeting and positioning their services.
Originality/value – Although there are many studies on brand preferences; research on telecom brand antecedents is very limited. This research adds significant value by
dissemination of knowledge on the subject area.
2015-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/72709/1/MPRA_paper_72709.pdf
Siddiqui, Dr. Kamran Ahmed and Ali, Mazhar and Sarki, Irshad Hussain and Khuhro, Rafique Ahmed (2015): "Telecom Branding in Pakistan: Network Coverage or Value Added Services". Published in: Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management , Vol. 3, No. 3 (June 2015)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:74196
2019-09-26T13:43:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30:4D3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/74196/
Effect of Power Supply on the performance of Small and Medium Size Enterprises: A comparative analysis between SMEs in Tema and the Northern part of Ghana
Nyanzu, Frederick
Adarkwah, Josephine
M00 - General
M10 - General
M30 - General
Electricity provision in Ghana has been marred by low generation, poor supply and frequent power outages. The situation compel firms to adopt strategies to cope with this poor public supply of power for their business. To this end, this study analysed the effect of power supply on the performance of SMEs: a comparative analysis between two regions in Ghana where Small and Medium firms are located. The study uses the current World Bank 2013 Enterprise Survey on Ghana which consist of 710 firms. The study employs both chi-square and t-test to do pattern analysis. In addition, ordinary regression analysis (OLS) was employed to regress firm performance variable on electricity supply variable and other covariates. The results show that, the presence of power outages, thus, the number of times power outages experienced and hours of power outages negatively affected firms performance (profitability). In addition, it was further realized that power outages (power interruptions) severely affects SMEs located in the Northern part of Ghana than SMEs located elsewhere. The study therefore recommends that government should implement policies and programs such as power mix approach and renewable energy and bring in private sector participation to install competition and efficiency. This is in the interest to mitigate the unreliable electricity supply. Also, SMEs should consider alternative sources of power such as solar power, inverter, biogas, generators, which would help curb the cost power outage brings to their production and to boost output.
2016-10-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/74196/1/MPRA_paper_74196.pdf
Nyanzu, Frederick and Adarkwah, Josephine (2016): Effect of Power Supply on the performance of Small and Medium Size Enterprises: A comparative analysis between SMEs in Tema and the Northern part of Ghana.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:74394
2019-09-26T08:07:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443433
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3133
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/74394/
Retail Channel Management in Consumer Search Markets
Garcia, Daniel
Janssen, Maarten
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
M30 - General
We study how a monopoly manufacturer optimally manages her contractual relations with retailers in markets with consumer search. By choosing wholesale
prices, the manufacturer affects the degree of competition between retailers and the incentives of consumers to search. We show that depending on whether or not the manufacturer can commit to her price decisions and on the search cost, the manufacturer may be substantially better off choosing her wholesale prices not independent of each other, consciously allowing for asymmetric contracts. Thus, our analysis may shed light on when we may expect sales across different retailers
to be positively or negatively correlated. Our model may be able to generate loss leaders at the wholesale level and show the rationale for creating ”premium
resellers”.
2016-10-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/74394/1/MPRA_paper_74394.pdf
Garcia, Daniel and Janssen, Maarten (2016): Retail Channel Management in Consumer Search Markets.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:75276
2019-09-26T15:52:49Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/75276/
Decision-making factors for purchasing a new car in Algeria: A Descriptive Analysis
Reguig, Mohamed Khalifa
Maliki, Samir
M21 - Business Economics
M30 - General
The purpose of this article is to analyze in a descriptive way the determining factors in the decision to buy and choose a brand new car in Algeria.
The literature in this field is constantly introducing new factors capable of changing decision-making according to internal and external factors.
The results show that the decision was based on several socioeconomic and environmental factors.
2014-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/75276/3/MPRA_paper_75244.pdf
Reguig, Mohamed Khalifa and Maliki, Samir (2014): Decision-making factors for purchasing a new car in Algeria: A Descriptive Analysis. Published in: International Journal for Innovation Education and Research , Vol. 2, (November 2014): pp. 144-155.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:76779
2019-09-29T23:12:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3339
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/76779/
Measuring Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty through Student Perception on Mobile Broadband Usage Based On Consumer Satisfaction Index Model
Satria, Rd. Okky
Suzanto, Boy
Sidharta, Iwan
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M30 - General
M39 - Other
The success of a company in today’s high level of competition requires the company to gain trust of consumers. Customer satisfaction and loyalty are crucial in order for a company to gain competitive advantages. Similarly, in the attempt to gain competitive advantages, providers of mobile broadband services should determine the extent of consumer perceptions of the services they provide. Thus, measuring the perception of satisfaction and loyalty, especially the use of mobile broadband services is the goal of this study. Exploratory research method was used towards respondents, which involved 148 students. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), component-based Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results show that the variables of complaint, customer expectation, loyalty, perceived quality, customer satisfaction, and perceived value are significantly influential in shaping customer satisfaction and loyalty upon the use of mobile broadband services.
2015-06-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/76779/1/MPRA_paper_76737.pdf
Satria, Rd. Okky and Suzanto, Boy and Sidharta, Iwan (2015): Measuring Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty through Student Perception on Mobile Broadband Usage Based On Consumer Satisfaction Index Model. Published in: International Journal of Business Quantitative Economics and Applied Management Research , Vol. 2, No. 5 (15 October 2015): pp. 56-71.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:77744
2019-09-27T07:17:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/77744/
Younger Customers' Outlooks when Selecting and Changing a Financial Services Provider: The Case of Maltese Students
Camilleri, Silvio John
Ellul, Denise
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
In order for banks to supplement their market share, it is crucial for them to entice new customers such as students who are expected to join the workforce at a subsequent stage. The main aim of this paper is to survey the banks' tactics in this regard, the response of students to such schemes, and the aspects which such customers consider when selecting a particular service provider or when switching to another one. We conduct interviews with bank representatives and distribute questionnaires to first year university students in order to gauge whether particular factors are more important than others in the selection of a financial services provider. We find that there are various aspects which banks may leverage upon to entice potential customers to switch away from competing service providers, especially due to the fact that switchers tend to respond differently to given characteristics in their decision making process.
2017-02-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/77744/9/MPRA_paper_77744.pdf
Camilleri, Silvio John and Ellul, Denise (2017): Younger Customers' Outlooks when Selecting and Changing a Financial Services Provider: The Case of Maltese Students. Published in: International Journal of Financial Research
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:85644
2019-09-26T13:36:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30:4D3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85644/
Effect of Power Supply on the performance of Small and Medium Size Enterprises: A comparative analysis between SMEs in Tema and the Northern part of Ghana
Nyanzu, Frederick
Adarkwah, Josephine
M00 - General
M10 - General
M30 - General
Electricity provision in Ghana has been marred by low generation, poor supply, and frequent
power outages. The situation compels firms to adopt strategies to cope with this poor public supply
of power for their business. To this end, this study analyses the effect of power supply on the
performance of SMEs: a comparative analysis between two regions in Ghana where Small and
Medium firms are located. The study uses the current World Bank 2013 Enterprise Survey on
Ghana with 403 sampled firms. The study employs chi-square and t-test to do pattern analysis. In
addition, ordinary regression analysis (OLS) was employed to regress firm performance variable
on electricity supply variable and other covariates. The results show that the power outages
affected firm’s performance (profitability). In addition, it was further realized that power outages
(power interruptions) severely affected SMEs located in the Northern part of Ghana than SMEs
located elsewhere. The study, therefore, recommends government intervention in policies and
programs such as power mix approach and renewable energy, as well as private sector
participation to install competition and efficiency should be encouraged. In addition, SMEs should
consider alternative sources of power such as solar power, inverter, biogas, generators, which
could help curb the cost that is associated with power outage.
2016-10-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85644/1/MPRA_paper_85644.pdf
Nyanzu, Frederick and Adarkwah, Josephine (2016): Effect of Power Supply on the performance of Small and Medium Size Enterprises: A comparative analysis between SMEs in Tema and the Northern part of Ghana.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:86261
2019-09-28T15:26:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443131
7375626A656374733D44:4439
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/86261/
Reference Dependence and Choice Overload
Deb, Joyee
Zhou, Jidong
D11 - Consumer Economics: Theory
D9 - Intertemporal Choice
M30 - General
This paper offers an explanation for choice overload based on reference-dependent preferences. Consumers construct an ideal object that combines the best attributes of all objects in their choice set, and use this as a reference point. When the choice set expands, it is more likely to find a better object, but meanwhile the reference point improves, which makes all existing objects appear worse. We characterize when the latter reference-dependence effect dominates such that choice overload arises. We also show that purchase probability can decrease with object complexity, measured by the number of attributes.
2018
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/86261/1/MPRA_paper_86261.pdf
Deb, Joyee and Zhou, Jidong (2018): Reference Dependence and Choice Overload.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:89356
2019-09-26T09:20:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3831
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89356/
Retail forecasting: research and practice
Fildes, Robert
Ma, Shaohui
Kolassa, Stephan
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
M20 - General
M30 - General
This paper first introduces the forecasting problems faced by large retailers, from the strategic to the operational, from the store to the competing channels of distribution as sales are aggregated over products to brands to categories and to the company overall. Aggregated forecasting that supports strategic decisions is discussed on three levels: the aggregate retail sales in a market, in a chain, and in a store. Product level forecasts usually relate to operational decisions where the hierarchy of sales data across time, product and the supply chain is examined. Various characteristics and the influential factors which affect product level retail sales are discussed. The data rich environment at lower product hierarchies makes data pooling an often appropriate strategy to improve forecasts, but success depends on the data characteristics and common factors influencing sales and potential demand. Marketing mix and promotions pose an important challenge, both to the researcher and the practicing forecaster. Online review information too adds further complexity so that forecasters potentially face a dimensionality problem of too many variables and too little data. The paper goes on to examine evidence on the alternative methods used to forecast product sales and their comparative forecasting accuracy. Many of the complex methods proposed have provided very little evidence to convince as to their value, which poses further research questions. In contrast, some ambitious econometric methods have been shown to outperform all the simpler alternatives including those used in practice. New product forecasting methods are examined separately where limited evidence is available as to how effective the various approaches are. The paper concludes with some evidence describing company forecasting practice, offering conclusions as to the research gaps but also the barriers to improved practice.
2019-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89356/1/MPRA_paper_89356.pdf
Fildes, Robert and Ma, Shaohui and Kolassa, Stephan (2019): Retail forecasting: research and practice.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:91561
2019-09-27T05:18:55Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D52:5232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/91561/
Perceived price complexity of dynamic energy tariffs: An investigation of antecedents and consequences
Layer, Patrick
Feurer, Sven
Jochem, Patrick
M30 - General
R2 - Household Analysis
Dynamic tariffs have the potential to contribute to a successful shift from conventional to renewable energies, but tapping this potential in Europe ultimately depends on residential consumers selecting them. This study proposes and finds that consumer reactions to dynamic tariffs depend on the level of perceived price complexity that represents the cognitive effort consumers must engage in to compute the overall bill amount. An online experiment conducted with a representative sample of 664 German residential energy consumers examines how salient characteristics of dynamic tariffs contribute to perceived price complexity. Subsequently, a structural equation model (SEM) reveals that the depth of information processing is central to understand how price complexity relates to consumers’ behavioral intentions. The results suggest that it will be challenging to convince European consumers to select complex dynamic tariffs under the current legal framework. Policymakers will need to find ways to make these tariffs more attractive.
2017
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/91561/1/MPRA_paper_91561.pdf
Layer, Patrick and Feurer, Sven and Jochem, Patrick (2017): Perceived price complexity of dynamic energy tariffs: An investigation of antecedents and consequences. Published in: Energy policy , Vol. 106, (4 April 2017): pp. 244-254.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:92124
2019-09-26T13:07:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92124/
Does subliminal advertisement affect consumer behavior? An exploratory comparative analysis between marketing and non-marketing professionals.
Soomro, Yasir Ali
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
This research study is an effort to explore the difference in the understanding of marketers and non-marketers about their perception, awareness, knowledge, attitude and behavior about the subliminal messages in advertising. To serve the objective of comparative analysis conceptual model was developed for both groups which involved Perception, Awareness and Knowledge relationship with attitude, then relationship of attitude on Behavior towards the brand. Three commercials were selected which had embedded subliminal messages and respondents viewed the advertisements before filling out questionnaires to identify their level of awareness and the degree of knowledge about the type of subliminal content embedded in the ads. For each group total of 140 participants gave their responses. Structural Equation modeling was performed to test the hypothesized relationship between variables. Results of Path analysis show that only one factors for marketers, such that Knowledge about subliminal messages had significant positive effect on attitude towards subliminal Ads. Also marketers’ attitude towards subliminal ads was negatively significant on behavior towards brand. For non-marketers, no support for any of the hypotheses found. Overall results reveal that both the marketing and non-marketing professionals view and perceive the subliminal messages embedded in the ads with a statistically significant difference.
2018-04-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92124/1/MPRA_paper_92124.pdf
Soomro, Yasir Ali (2018): Does subliminal advertisement affect consumer behavior? An exploratory comparative analysis between marketing and non-marketing professionals. Published in: , Vol. 3, No. 1 (14 April 2018): pp. 1828-1843.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:92156
2019-10-05T08:33:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92156/
PENGARUH CITRA ORGANISASI, PENETAPAN HARGA, KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA DAN DAMPAKNYA PADA LOYALITAS MAHASISWA
Deri, Deri
Amri, Amri
Zufriady, Zufriady
M30 - General
The competition that always arises in the business world encourages the emergence of new thoughts that can build products or services that provide more value to customers. This study aims to examine the effect of the organizational image, pricing, service quality on student satisfaction, the sample in this study were 193 students. Path analysis is used to test the relationship between variables in the form of causality.
The results of the study concluded that there were significant effects of organizational image variables, pricing, and service quality simultaneously on student satisfaction. However, partial testing shows that the only service has a significant effect on student satisfaction. The results of this study should be a reference for researchers who will conduct further research. In addition, it is also necessary to learn more about other independent and bound variables to examine.
2018-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92156/1/MPRA_paper_92156.pdf
Deri, Deri and Amri, Amri and Zufriady, Zufriady (2018): PENGARUH CITRA ORGANISASI, PENETAPAN HARGA, KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA DAN DAMPAKNYA PADA LOYALITAS MAHASISWA. Published in: JEM Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen , Vol. 4, No. 2 (December 2018): pp. 16-42.
id
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:94148
2019-09-27T04:00:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453132
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3636
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4E:4E38:4E3830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94148/
Promise, Trust and Betrayal: Costs of Breaching an Implicit Contract
Levy, Daniel
Young, Andrew
A14 - Sociology of Economics
E12 - Keynes ; Keynesian ; Post-Keynesian
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
K10 - General
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
L66 - Food ; Beverages ; Cosmetics ; Tobacco ; Wine and Spirits
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
N80 - General, International, or Comparative
We study the cost of breaching an implicit contract in a goods market, building on a recent study that documented the presence of such a contract in the Coca-Cola market, in the US, during 1886‒1959. The implicit contract promised a serving of Coca-Cola of a constant quality (the “real thing”), and of a constant quantity (6.5oz in a bottle or from the fountain), at a constant nominal price of 5¢. We offer two types of evidence. First, we document a case that occurred in 1930, where the Coca-Cola Company chose to incur a permanently higher marginal cost of production, instead of a one-time increase in the fixed cost, to prevent a quality adjustment of Coca-Cola, which would be considered a breach of the implicit contract. Second, we explore the consequences of the Company’s 1985 decision to replace the original Coke with the “New Coke.” Using the model of Exit, Voice, and Loyalty (Hirschman 1970), we argue that the unprecedented public outcry that followed the New Coke’s introduction, was a response to the Company’s breaching of the implicit contract. We document the direct and quantifiable costs of this implicit contract breach, and demonstrate that the indirect, although unquantifiable, costs in terms of lost customer goodwill were substantial.
2019-05-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94148/1/MPRA_paper_94148.pdf
Levy, Daniel and Young, Andrew (2019): Promise, Trust and Betrayal: Costs of Breaching an Implicit Contract.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:94469
2019-09-26T12:15:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443232
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4B:4B34:4B3432
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3230
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34:4C3439
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3831
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94469/
If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again
Snir, Avichai
Levy, Daniel
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
D22 - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
D40 - General
D80 - General
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
D90 - General
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
L20 - General
L4 - Antitrust Issues and Policies
L49 - Other
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
M21 - Business Economics
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
9-ending prices are a dominant feature of many retail settings, which according to the existing literature, is because consumers perceive them as being relatively low. Are 9-ending prices really lower than comparable non 9-ending prices? Surprisingly, the empirical evidence on this question is scarce. We use 8 years of weekly scanner price data with over 98 million price observations to document four findings. First, at the category level, 9-ending prices are usually higher, on average, than non 9-ending prices. Second, at the product level, in most cases, 9-ending prices are, on average, higher than prices with other endings. Third, sale prices are more likely to be non-9 ending than the corresponding regular prices. Fourth, among sale prices, 9-ending prices are often lower, on average, than comparable non 9-ending prices. The first three findings imply that although consumers may associate 9-ending prices with low prices, the data indicates otherwise. The fourth finding offers a possible explanation for this misperception. Retailers may be using 9-ending prices to draw consumers’ attention to particularly large price cuts during sales, which perhaps conditions the shoppers to associate 9-ending prices with low prices.
2019-06-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94469/1/MPRA_paper_94469.pdf
Snir, Avichai and Levy, Daniel (2019): If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:96614
2019-10-24T21:03:44Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443232
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443837
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443931
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453530
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3232
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3831
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96614/
If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again
Snir, Avichai
Levy, Daniel
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
D22 - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
D40 - General
D87 - Neuroeconomics
D90 - General
D91 - Intertemporal Household Choice ; Life Cycle Models and Saving
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
E50 - General
K22 - Business and Securities Law
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
M21 - Business Economics
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
9-ending prices, which comprise between 40%–95% of retail prices, are popular because shoppers perceive them as being low. We study whether this belief is justified using scanner price-data with over 98-million observations from a large US grocery-chain. We find that 9-ending prices are higher than non 9-ending prices, by as much as 18%. Two factors explain why shoppers believe, mistakenly, that 9-ending prices are low. First, we find that among sale-prices, 9-ending prices are indeed lower than non 9-ending prices, giving 9-ending prices an aura of being low. Second, at first, 9-ending prices were indeed lower than other prices. Shoppers, therefore, learned to associate 9-endings with low prices. Over time, however, 9-ending prices rose substantially, which shoppers failed to notice, because the continuous use of 9-ending prices for promoting deep price cuts draws shoppers’ attention to them, and helps to maintain-and-preserve the image of 9-ending prices as bargain prices.
2019-10-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96614/1/MPRA_paper_96614.pdf
Snir, Avichai and Levy, Daniel (2019): If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again. Forthcoming in: Journal of the Association for Consumer Research , Vol. 6, No. 1
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:97309
2019-12-04T14:13:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/97309/
The Comparison of Methods for IndividualTreatment Effect Detection
Semenova, Daria
Temirkaeva, Maria
C10 - General
M30 - General
Today, treatment effect estimation at the individual level isa vital problem in many areas of science and business. For example, inmarketing, estimates of the treatment effect are used to select the mostefficient promo-mechanics; in medicine, individual treatment effects areused to determine the optimal dose of medication for each patient and soon. At the same time, the question on choosing the best method, i.e., themethod that ensures the smallest predictive error (for instance, RMSE)or the highest total (average) value of the effect, remains open. Accord-ingly, in this paper we compare the effectiveness of machine learningmethods for estimation of individual treatment effects. The comparisonis performed on the Criteo Uplift Modeling Dataset. In this paper weshow that the combination of the Logistic Regression method and theDifference Score method as well as Uplift Random Forest method pro-vide the best correctness of Individual Treatment Effect prediction onthe top 30% observations of the test dataset.
2019-09-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/97309/1/paper4.pdf
Semenova, Daria and Temirkaeva, Maria (2019): The Comparison of Methods for IndividualTreatment Effect Detection. Published in: CEUR Workshop Proceedings , Vol. 2479, (26 September 2019): pp. 46-56.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:102553
2020-08-29T09:16:41Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102553/
Rational Organizational Structure: For Brick-and-Mortar Lifestyle Retailers in India to Overcome Diseconomies of Scale and Protect Firm’s Sustainability (ROLS-b)
H. R., Ganesha
Aithal, Sreeramana
M1 - Business Administration
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M30 - General
A majority of organized brick-and-mortar lifestyle retailers in India believe that the brick-and-mortar retailing model ensures economies of scale as they keep opening new stores. Having more stores might help retailers to gain product sourcing advantages in addition to generating additional revenue to the firm but at the same time, it fails to provide any other benefits towards economies of scale as every new store comes with new one-time capital expenditures and recurring fixed expenses. Another misconception is that lifestyle retailing must follow an organizational structure (OS) that is adopted by their parent company and hence a majority of OS adopted by lifestyle retailers in India is dependent on organizational form. This study was not limited to just recommending a rational OS based on exploratory research and existing theories in the OS domain. Once the ROLS-b was designed, we have experimented with the proposed rational OS on one of the ten lifestyle retailers in the study to test the validity and reliability. Experimentation results empirically and qualitatively demonstrate that the existing belief of brick-and-mortar lifestyle retailers in India which assumes economies of scale and long-term firm’s sustainability as the retailer increases the store count is just a misconception and does not hold. On the other hand, when we experimented the ROLS-b for over twelve months at over 25 percent stores of a select retailer, results demonstrate that these stores which have gone through the treatment have shown 5.34 times improvement in the store-level profit and 1.97 times in the firm-level profit in addition to eliminating a majority of gaps found in the existing OS that was leading to diseconomies of scale and deteriorating firm’s performance.
2020-08-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102553/1/MPRA_paper_102553.pdf
H. R., Ganesha and Aithal, Sreeramana (2020): Rational Organizational Structure: For Brick-and-Mortar Lifestyle Retailers in India to Overcome Diseconomies of Scale and Protect Firm’s Sustainability (ROLS-b). Published in: International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS) , Vol. 5, No. 2 (18 August 2020): pp. 42-61.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:102867
2020-09-16T09:57:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3339
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102867/
Sales Personnel Attrition Control and Retention – An Integrated Framework for Lifestyle Retailers in India (RSPR-LS)
H. R., Ganesha
Aithal, Sreeramana
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M39 - Other
A majority of organized brick-and-mortar lifestyle retailers in India believe that the cost of Sales Personnel (SP) attrition is insignificant, and this belief has made lifestyle retailers ignore the importance of SP attrition control and retention activities (SACR). Mathematically it may be true that the cost of SP attrition is very low as the average salary of the SP is 5.46 times lesser than that of Non-Sales Personnel (NSP) in the organization, but the fact is a majority of employees in a retail organization who are closest to the market and the consumers are the SP even though they are at the lower levels of retailer’s organizational hierarchy. We determinedly believe that the key to success is in identifying who is closer to the market and the consumer and ensuring such employees (if performing well) are consistently motivated to stay in the organization for a longer duration. The literature, exploratory qualitative primary findings, and empirical evaluation indicate that the existing SACR model of select organized brick-and-mortar lifestyle retailers in India is irrational as it seriously fails to understand the magnitude of the negative impact that is moderated by higher SP attrition rates on the overall store’s revenue and long-term firm’s sustainability. This study was not limited to just evaluating the existing SACR model of retailers in the study and recommending a theoretical framework. Once the RSPR-LS framework was designed that is built on proven theories in the literature, findings and insights from the exploratory phase of this study, and recommendations from previous research works relevant for lifestyle retailing in India, we have experimented the RSPR-LS framework on one of the ten lifestyle retailers in the study over 24 months’ at over 25 percent stores of the select retailer. Experimentation results demonstrate that these stores which have gone through the treatment have shown 37.59 percent improvement in walk-ins conversion rate, 87.54 percent improvement in consumer’s repeat store visit rate that resulted in 20.23 percent improvement in the overall store revenue and 2.00 times improvement in the overall store profit on account of 21.35 percentage points improvement in SP retention rate thereby providing validity and reliability of the proposed RSPR-LS framework in the field.
2020-08-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102867/1/MPRA_paper_102867.pdf
H. R., Ganesha and Aithal, Sreeramana (2020): Sales Personnel Attrition Control and Retention – An Integrated Framework for Lifestyle Retailers in India (RSPR-LS). Published in: International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML) , Vol. 4, No. 2 (25 August 2020): pp. 78-95.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:102869
2020-09-16T13:27:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
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74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102869/
Theory of Brick-and-Mortar Retailing in India (ToR-b)
H. R., Ganesha
Aithal, Sreeramana
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
M39 - Other
Brick-and-mortar (B&M) retailers in India are constantly devoting their time, effort, energy, and money in discovering and adopting retailing theories, models, and frameworks that are practiced by the B&M retailers in the developed countries that have matured markets and consumers. This is a clear example of a serious timing issue. We believe the Indian market and consumers are moving towards the same maturity levels, but it is still a long way to go as the Indian consumers belong to the widest variety of religions, regions, languages, cultures, sub-cultures, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds with divergent needs. In addition to expecting world-class overall store-image, they yet require retailers to facilitate honest and authentic human-led engagement. This means, thoughtful and logical integration of existing theories aligned to, the Indian market; consumer's maturity level; divergent consumer needs is crucial, and this is the core of our theory. The ToR-b adopts elements of retailing theories that are known and suitable for retailing in the Indian context, in addition to identifying i) new elements influencing honest and authentic human-led engagement; higher consumer-level customization; higher levels of consumer-orientation, ii) significance of their association and determination with return on investment, iii) their role in influencing the long-term sustainability of a retailer, and most importantly iv) their ability to enhance interest among existing and potential employees, investors, and consumer’s minds with a particular retailer. Insights from multiple empirical and qualitative studies, field experiments, and evaluation of consumer-level transactions involved in building this theory made us strongly believe that the overall phenomenon of B&M retailing in India is truly complex and complexity is necessary to an adequate description of a phenomenon. We hope that in addition to laying a foundation for new directions to guide future research on Indian retailing, our theory will provide new and noteworthy insights into the overall phenomenon of B&M retailing in India.
2020-08-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102869/1/MPRA_paper_102869.pdf
H. R., Ganesha and Aithal, Sreeramana (2020): Theory of Brick-and-Mortar Retailing in India (ToR-b). Published in: International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS) , Vol. 5, No. 2 (30 August 2020): pp. 116-132.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:104294
2020-12-03T13:43:54Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3130
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https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/104294/
Promise, Trust and Betrayal: Costs of Breaching an Implicit Contract
Levy, Daniel
Young, Andrew
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
K10 - General
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
L66 - Food ; Beverages ; Cosmetics ; Tobacco ; Wine and Spirits
M20 - General
M30 - General
N80 - General, International, or Comparative
N82 - U.S. ; Canada: 1913-
We study the cost of breaching an implicit contract in a goods market. Young and Levy
(2014) document an implicit contract between the Coca-Cola Company and its consumers. This
implicit contract included a promise of constant quality. We offer two types of evidence of the
costs of breach. First, we document a case in 1930 when the Coca-Cola Company chose to avoid
quality adjustment by incurring a permanently higher marginal cost of production, instead of a
one-time increase in the fixed cost. Second, we explore the consequences of the company’s 1985
introduction of “New Coke” to replace the original beverage. Using the Hirschman’s (1970) model
of Exit, Voice, and Loyalty, we argue that the public outcry that followed New Coke’s introduction
was a response to the implicit contract breach.
2020-11-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/104294/1/MPRA_paper_104294.pdf
Levy, Daniel and Young, Andrew (2020): Promise, Trust and Betrayal: Costs of Breaching an Implicit Contract. Forthcoming in: Southern Economic Journal No. Forthcoming
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:107438
2021-04-30T16:38:56Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4434
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443931
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107438/
Stuck at Zero: Price Rigidity in a Runaway Inflation
Snir, Avichai
Chen, Haipeng (Allan)
Levy, Daniel
D4 - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
D40 - General
D91 - Intertemporal Household Choice ; Life Cycle Models and Saving
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
M20 - General
M30 - General
We use micro level retail price data from convenience stores to study the link between 0-ending price points and price rigidity during a period of a runaway inflation, when the annual inflation rate was in the range of 60%–430%. Surprisingly, we find that 0-ending prices are less likely to adjust, and when they do adjust, the average adjustments are larger. These findings suggest that price adjustment barriers associated with round prices are strong enough to cause a systematic delay in price adjustments even in a period of a runaway inflation, when 85 percent of the prices change every month.
2021-04-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107438/1/MPRA_paper_107438.pdf
Snir, Avichai and Chen, Haipeng (Allan) and Levy, Daniel (2021): Stuck at Zero: Price Rigidity in a Runaway Inflation. Forthcoming in: Economics Letters No. Forthcoming (2021)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:107529
2021-05-04T02:57:27Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4434
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443931
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107529/
Stuck at Zero: Price Rigidity in a Runaway Inflation
Snir, Avichai
Chen, Haipeng (Allan)
Levy, Daniel
D4 - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
D40 - General
D91 - Intertemporal Household Choice ; Life Cycle Models and Saving
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
M20 - General
M30 - General
We use micro level retail price data from convenience stores to study the link between 0-ending price points and price rigidity during a period of a runaway inflation, when the annual inflation rate was in the range of 60%–430%. Surprisingly, we find that more round prices are less likely to adjust, and when they do adjust, the average adjustments are larger. These findings suggest that price adjustment barriers associated with round prices are strong enough to cause a systematic delay in price adjustments even in a period of a runaway inflation, when 85 percent of the prices change every month.
2021-04-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107529/1/MPRA_paper_107529.pdf
Snir, Avichai and Chen, Haipeng (Allan) and Levy, Daniel (2021): Stuck at Zero: Price Rigidity in a Runaway Inflation. Forthcoming in: Economics Letters No. Forthcoming (2021)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:108470
2021-06-30T06:40:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/108470/
Product innovation, diffusion and endogenous growth
Klein, Michael A
Sener, Fuat
M30 - General
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
We develop a model of Schumpeterian growth featuring a stochastic diffusion process where the rate of commercial success of product innovations is endogenously determined by advertising intensity. We consider both informative advertising, which young technological leaders use to increase the probability of diffusion, and defensive advertising, which incumbents use to prevent the diffusion of competing products. Economic growth depends positively on the arrival rate of product innovations and the diffusion rate of innovations into the mainstream market. We show that R&D subsidies shift relative investment incentives towards innovation and away from diffusion. This creates an inverted U-shaped relationship between R&D subsidies and both economic growth and welfare as innovations arrive more frequently, but fewer commercialize successfully. We find that lower advertising costs increase diffusion, growth, and welfare when advertising is purely informative. When we include defensive advertising, lower costs lead to socially wasteful increases in resources devoted to advertising without large increases in diffusion, reducing growth and welfare.
2021-06-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/108470/1/MPRA_paper_108470.pdf
Klein, Michael A and Sener, Fuat (2021): Product innovation, diffusion and endogenous growth.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:110818
2021-11-25T10:49:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
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7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/110818/
Retail Pricing Format and Rigidity of Regular Prices
Ray, Sourav
Snir, Avichai
Levy, Daniel
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
E52 - Monetary Policy
L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
M10 - General
M21 - Business Economics
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
We study different notions of sale and regular prices, and their variability with store pricing-formats. We use data from three large stores with different pricing-formats (EDLP/Hi-Lo/Hybrid) that are located within 1-km radius. Importantly, the data contain both the actual transaction prices and the actual regular prices as displayed on the store shelves. We combine these data with two “generated” regular price series and study their rigidity. Regular-price rigidity varies with store-formats because different format stores define regular-prices differently. Correspondingly, the meaning of price-cuts varies across store-formats. To interpret the findings, we consider the store pricing format distribution across the US.
2021-11-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/110818/1/MPRA_paper_110818.pdf
Ray, Sourav and Snir, Avichai and Levy, Daniel (2021): Retail Pricing Format and Rigidity of Regular Prices.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:111511
2022-01-15T16:43:02Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/111511/
Agilität über Unternehmensgrenzen hinaus
Bockhaus-Odenthal, Erik
Siegfried, Patrick
M20 - General
M30 - General
Abstract
Companies often rely on the Know-How of external service providers for the development of software and solutions. Modern forms of work-ing and collaboration change the development of products and services at the same time. How do these trends influence the cooperation and collaboration between companies and their external agile service providers?
Purpose
The purpose of this academic work is to figure out which steps companies have to take to implement agile working and collaboration with external service providers.
Research Methodology
Therefore, a case study, including a qualitative survey, was used to find and point out which measures and actions companies have to take, to accomplish the goal of effective implementation of agile collaboration and cooperation. Three core issues were identified, on which basis the research questions regarding the measures will be answered: First, which possibilities companies have, to implement an internal agile set up to collaborate with agile service providers on an equal basis. Second, which contract variants can support and improve the agile cooperation and third, which agile techniques and methods should be used in the agile collaboration.
Results
The case study results confirm the assumption, that the three identified core issues are essential for effective cooperation in the agile environment. While it was verified on the one hand that contract requirements changed concerning their flexibility and adaptability, it was also verified on the other hand, that the internal setup requires agile drivers, techniques and methods to enable effective cooperation with agile service providers. This article gives an overview of the most important content within the three stated core issues and also gives companies advice on how to build a basis for effective cooperation.
2021-12-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/111511/1/MPRA_paper_111511.pdf
Bockhaus-Odenthal, Erik and Siegfried, Patrick (2021): Agilität über Unternehmensgrenzen hinaus. Published in: Economics, Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Vol. 3, No. 216 (31 December 2021): pp. 14-24.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:113924
2022-07-29T10:47:44Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3133
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7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/113924/
The organic food price premium and its susceptibility to news media coverage: Evidence from the U.S. milk industry
Gayle, Philip
Wang, Jin
Fang, Shengnan
D10 - General
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
M30 - General
Q00 - General
This paper investigates the extent to which media coverage on organic dairy issues influences consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the organic attribute of milk. We find that news with contents most often viewed as negative toward organic dairy are more powerful in decreasing consumers’ WTP for the organic attribute of milk compared to the positive WTP impact of news articles with contents most often viewed as positive toward organic dairy. Interestingly, consumers' increasing exposure to organic dairy news that even take a neutral stance on the organic attribute also increases their WTP for the organic attribute.
2022-07-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/113924/1/MPRA_paper_113924.pdf
Gayle, Philip and Wang, Jin and Fang, Shengnan (2022): The organic food price premium and its susceptibility to news media coverage: Evidence from the U.S. milk industry. Forthcoming in: Applied Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:114679
2022-09-26T06:37:50Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/114679/
Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity
Snir, Avichai
Chen, Haipeng (Allan)
Levy, Daniel
D90 - General
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
M30 - General
We assess the role of cognitive convenience in the popularity and rigidity of 0-ending prices in convenience settings. Studies show that 0-ending prices are common at convenience stores because of the transaction convenience that 0-ending prices offer. Using large store-level retail CPI data, we find that 0-ending prices are popular and rigid at convenience stores even when they offer little transaction convenience. We corroborate these findings with two large retail scanner price datasets from Dominick’s and Nielsen. In Dominick’s data, we find that there are more 0-endings in the prices of the items in the front-end candies category than in any other category, even though these prices do not affect the convenience of the consumer’s check-out transaction. In addition, in both Dominick’s and Nielsen datasets, we find that 0-ending prices have a positive effect on demand. Ruling out consumer antagonism and retailers’ use of heuristics in pricing, we conclude that 0-ending prices are popular and rigid, and that they increase demand in convenience settings, not only for their transaction convenience but also for the cognitive convenience they offer.
2022-09-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/114679/1/MPRA_paper_114679.pdf
Snir, Avichai and Chen, Haipeng (Allan) and Levy, Daniel (2022): Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity. Forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization No. (Forthcoming)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:114836
2022-10-13T16:28:34Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/114836/
Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity
Snir, Avichai
Chen, Haipeng (Allan)
Levy, Daniel
D90 - General
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
M30 - General
We assess the role of cognitive convenience in the popularity and rigidity of 0-ending prices in convenience settings. Studies show that 0-ending prices are common at convenience stores because of the transaction convenience that 0-ending prices offer. Using large store-level retail CPI data, we find that 0-ending prices are popular and rigid at convenience stores even when they offer little transaction convenience. We corroborate these findings with two large retail scanner price datasets from Dominick’s and Nielsen. In Dominick’s data, we find that there are more 0-endings in the prices of the items in the front-end candies category than in any other category, even though these prices do not affect the convenience of the consumer’s check-out transaction. In addition, in both Dominick’s and Nielsen datasets, we find that 0-ending prices have a positive effect on demand. Ruling out consumer antagonism and retailers’ use of heuristics in pricing, we conclude that 0-ending prices are popular and rigid, and that they increase demand in convenience settings, not only for their transaction convenience but also for the cognitive convenience they offer.
2022-10-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/114836/12/MPRA_paper_114836.pdf
Snir, Avichai and Chen, Haipeng (Allan) and Levy, Daniel (2022): Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity. Forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:115518
2022-12-08T04:06:30Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/115518/
3 Lessons from hyperinflationary periods
Bergen, Mark
Bergen, Thomas
Levy, Daniel
Semenov, Rose
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change ; Industrial Price Indices
M30 - General
Inflation is painful, for firms, customers, employees, and society. But careful study of periods of hyperinflation point to ways that firms can adapt. In particular, companies need to think about how to change prices regularly and cheaply — because constant price changes can ultimately be very, very expensive. And they should consider how to communicate those price changes to customers. Providing clarity and predictability can increase consumer trust and help firms in the long run.
2022-11-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/115518/9/MPRA_paper_115518.pdf
Bergen, Mark and Bergen, Thomas and Levy, Daniel and Semenov, Rose (2022): 3 Lessons from hyperinflationary periods. Forthcoming in: Harvard Business Review
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:116348
2023-04-08T07:52:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3337
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/116348/
The Effectiveness of Various Upcoming Media on Company's Sales in Karachi Market
WAQAS, ZUNNAIR
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
M37 - Advertising
Advertising has become increasingly international. More than ever before, corporations are looking beyond their own country's borders for new customers. Faster modes of shipping, the growth of multinational corporations, rising personal income levels worldwide, and falling trade barriers have all encouraged commerce between countries. Because corporations are opening new markets and selling their products in many regions of the globe, they are also advertising their products in those regions.
The basic intent was finding out whether the trend of placing ads on television is/has shifted towards other modes of advertising with respect to the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) category. If the trend has shifted or is shifting towards other modes, then what are the main factors for this trend swing? Also this research has find out whether the future holds anything for the other modes of advertising.This study was a “DESCRIPTIVE STUDY”. Variables were neither controlled nor manipulated, and no artificial setting was created for this study i.e., NON-CONTRIVED. The data for this research was collected over a one month period. Percentage sampling technique was used to analyze the data as the data was qualitative, not quantitative.
The basic units of analysis were,
- Advertising Agencies.
- Television Networks.
- Fast Moving Consumer Good Companies.
- Residents of Karachi City.
Organizations are aware by the fact that outdoor advertising is an effective advertising medium and therefore the majority of tea companies are using billboard and transit for creating the awareness about their brand in consumer mind. Due to the busy schedule of the day most of the consumers prefer to watch TV when they get time and therefore they have a very low interest in watching ads on TV and the consumers who watch TV regularly have also little interest in watching ads because of the presence and bombardment of many channels and due to which they are engaged in zipping of channels. Most of the consumers give attention to the billboards when they are traveling outside their home. The result shows that a large number of consumers are aware about the billboards and they give their attention towards it, which is an evident of the success of the outdoor advertising regarding its growing impact on the consumer behavior.
2020-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/116348/1/MPRA_paper_116348.pdf
WAQAS, ZUNNAIR (2020): The Effectiveness of Various Upcoming Media on Company's Sales in Karachi Market.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:116429
2023-02-20T09:24:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/116429/
Increasing Trend of Counterfeiting in Consumers' Products
Kizilbash, Taban Rukh
M30 - General
M31 - Marketing
This study clearly describes the current trend of counterfeiting in the sub-urban and urban areas of Pakistan and specifically Karachi. The problem of counterfeiting can not be studied in isolation, and thus this study is linked with the counterfeiting practices carried throughout the world since the last eight to nine years, and it was found out that the increasing trend of counterfeiting began for the last four to five years and especially the magnitude of growth in counterfeiting targeted to urban areas reached an enormous height for the last two years. This study also highlights the various ways through which counterfeiters make fake versions of original brands and then these ways are analyzed individually to determine which way being the most successful for counterfeiters. Moreover, the retailers’ contribution towards the availability and promotion of counterfeits is also mentioned, clearly illustrating the impacts of retailers’ influence of different areas according to class segments. Another important topic being described is the reasons of counterfeiting and the illustration of difference between deceptive and non-deceptive counterfeiting practices. The protection tools used by the innovators and original companies are also being described in detail, and like the ways of counterfeiting each protection method is analyzed to find the most appropriate tool depending on the specific counterfeiting situation and the popularity of the original brand. Also, the Government’s role in support of original brands from counterfeiting is highlighted. Finally, the consumers’ perception towards counterfeits is also being interpreted, and important findings are solicited.
2005-07-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/116429/1/MPRA_paper_116429.pdf
Kizilbash, Taban Rukh (2005): Increasing Trend of Counterfeiting in Consumers' Products.
en
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