2024-03-28T09:40:21Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:340
2019-10-03T04:58:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/340/
Teacher Incentives
Jaag, Christian
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
I21 - Analysis of Education
This paper considers hidden teacher effort in educational production and discusses the implications of multiple teacher effort dimensions on optimum incentive contracts in a theoretical framework. The analysis of educational production in a multitask framework is a new and unique contribution of this paper to the economics of education. We first characterize the first-best and second-best outcomes. The model is extended to address specific questions concerning teacher incentive schemes: We compare input- to output-based accountability measures and study the implication of the level of aggregation in performance measures. Against the background of the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of teacher incentives, we argue that performance measures should be as broad as possible. Further, we present the optimum contract for motivated teachers. Finally, if education is produced in teacher teams, we establish the conditions for optimum team-based and individual incentives: The larger the spillover effects across teacher efforts and the better the measurability of educational achievement, the stronger the case for team-based incentives.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/340/1/MPRA_paper_340.pdf
Jaag, Christian (2006): Teacher Incentives.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1317
2019-10-07T16:30:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30:4D3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1317/
Moving towards appropriability of academic knowledge: a post-actionalist perspective
Vaujany, François-Xavier de
Grimand, Amaury
M00 - General
M50 - General
Based on recent contributions in managerial research, this article aims to suggest a new perspective for appraising and developing knowledge usability by studying the processes underlying its production: appropriation. The underlying problem is the following: how can the academic community help a community of practitioners appropriate knowledge it produced, co-produced or stimulated? First, a preliminary analysis is put forward as regards management sciences and the concept of knowledge 'actionability'. Some limitations are raised (1.). Then, the authors suggest to move from an 'actionability' (rather coherent with a classic vision of management sciences linked to the "sciences of the artificial") to an 'appropriability' perspective (2.). Lastly, the specificities of both perspectives are discussed (3.). Some limitations of this new vision are also pointed out, especially from a psychological standpoint.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1317/1/MPRA_paper_1317.pdf
Vaujany, François-Xavier de and Grimand, Amaury (2005): Moving towards appropriability of academic knowledge: a post-actionalist perspective. Published in: European Academy of Management Conference, Proceedings 2005 (on line) (2005)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2469
2019-09-26T23:21:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443832
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2469/
Performance Measurement in Multi-Task Agencies
Thiele, Veikko
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information ; Mechanism Design
This paper analyzes a multi-task agency model with a risk-neutral and financially constrained agent. The agent's performance evaluation is thereby incongruent, i.e. it does not perfectly reflect the relative contribution of the agent's multi-dimensional effort to firm's profit. This paper elaborates on the improvement of the agent's performance evaluation through the costly acquisition of additional performance measures aimed at inducing the agent to implement a more efficient effort allocation across tasks. It contrasts two alternatives for the principal: (i) to centrally invest in the information acquisition; or (ii), to delegate this task to a supervisor. This paper demonstrates that the principal generally favors delegation for a sufficiently incongruent measurement of the agent's performance, and a centralized investment, otherwise.
2007-03-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2469/1/MPRA_paper_2469.pdf
Thiele, Veikko (2007): Performance Measurement in Multi-Task Agencies.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2958
2019-10-03T07:42:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3333
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433932
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2958/
An experimental analysis of moral hazard in team
Costa, Francisco
J33 - Compensation Packages ; Payment Methods
M54 - Labor Management
C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior
H41 - Public Goods
This paper reports 5 laboratory sessions that analyze the effects of group sizes in the voluntary contribution mechanism, when contribution level is either complementary or substitute. The theorical argument is that each production function provides different incentives for the agent along scale changes. When contribution levels are substitutes, bigger groups provide more incentives for free-riders, thus reducing the contribution level, because of decreasing marginal contribution - the 1/N problem -, Kandel and Lazear (1992). On the other hand, if marginal contribution is independent of the group size, as the case where contributions are complementary, the public good provision may increase together with the group size, as in Adams (2002). Our experiment results show that for both production functions bigger groups reduce contribution level and that, when efforts are substitutes, the contribution level is significantly higher. (JEL: H41 J33 C92)
2005-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2958/1/MPRA_paper_2958.pdf
Costa, Francisco (2005): An experimental analysis of moral hazard in team.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3545
2019-10-04T17:22:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3545/
Ownership, Performance and Executive Turnover
Chi, Wei
Wang, Yijiang
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
To more thoroughly study the effect of ownership on management turnover, firms are classified by ownership simultaneously along two dimensions: types of owners and concentration of ownership. Under this new framework, a unique data set is used to study the sensitivity of management turnover to a company’s performance. The study confirms some of the results from previous studies. It also obtained interesting and important new results. It finds evidence that the sensitivity of management turnover to performance is curvilinear in ownership concentration, but in opposite directions under state and private ownership. It also provides evidence allowing us to rank firms in different categories of ownership by their sensitivity of management turnover to performance: Concentrated private ownership has the highest sensitivity, concentrated state ownership the lowest, and the two categories of dispersed ownership, one with a private investor and the other with the state as the largest shareholder, in between. Important policy implications of these findings are discussed.
2007-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3545/1/MPRA_paper_3545.pdf
Chi, Wei and Wang, Yijiang (2007): Ownership, Performance and Executive Turnover.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4456
2019-10-01T14:12:20Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4456/
The Effect of External Incentives on Profits and Firm-Provided Incentives Strategy
Azar, Ofer H.
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
L20 - General
J30 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
M20 - General
The article examines the firm's choice of incentives when workers face additional incentives (“external incentives”) to those provided by the firm, such as building reputation that improves the workers' prospects with other employers, or satisfaction from working well. Surprisingly, the firm might find it optimal to increase the incentives it provides following an increase in external incentives. Even if the firm reduces its incentives, however, total incentives unambiguously increase, leading to higher effort and profits. This implies that firms should try to increase the external incentives that their workers face; I suggest several ways firms can do so.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4456/1/MPRA_paper_4456.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2003): The Effect of External Incentives on Profits and Firm-Provided Incentives Strategy. Forthcoming in: Journal of Socio-Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4457
2019-09-27T19:30:09Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3830
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4457/
Incentives and Service Quality in the Restaurant Industry: The Tipping – Service Puzzle
Azar, Ofer H.
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
D10 - General
L80 - General
J30 - General
M50 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
Tipping is a significant economic activity (tips in the US food industry alone amount to about $42 billion annually) that was claimed to improve service quality and increase economic efficiency, because it gives incentives to provide excellent service, and therefore allows to avoid costly monitoring of workers. The article suggests that this common wisdom might be wrong. A simple model shows formally that tips can improve service only if they are sensitive enough to service quality. Empirical evidence suggests that tips are hardly affected by service quality. Nevertheless, rankings of service quality by customers are very high; the co-existence of these two findings is denoted "the tipping – service puzzle,” and several possible explanations for it are offered.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4457/1/MPRA_paper_4457.pdf
Azar, Ofer H. (2005): Incentives and Service Quality in the Restaurant Industry: The Tipping – Service Puzzle. Forthcoming in: Applied Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4583
2019-10-01T14:43:10Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433531
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3936
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3239
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433532
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3332
7375626A656374733D4B:4B32:4B3233
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4583/
Web 2.0: Nothing Changes…but Everything is Different
Barbry, Eric
M50 - General
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
K21 - Antitrust Law
L96 - Telecommunications
K29 - Other
C52 - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
C10 - General
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
L32 - Public Enterprises ; Public-Private Enterprises
K23 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
C23 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
For some, Web 2.0 is a "simple" evolution of the current web; for others, Web 2.0 is a real revolution. Web 2.0 is, in fact, a "revolutionary evolution." Technically speaking, Web 2.0 is a "simple" evolution because it is not a technical "breakthrough," as it is essentially based on an aggregation of existing technologies. However, the impact of Web 2.0 is such that it can actually be described as an evolution that will shake our sociological, economic and legal bases. This paper addresses the legal aspects of Web 2.0 and tries to explain that while Web 2.0 is not a lawless domain, it is highly likely to create a legal tsunami.
2007-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4583/1/MPRA_paper_4583.pdf
Barbry, Eric (2007): Web 2.0: Nothing Changes…but Everything is Different. Published in: International Journal of Digital Economics No. 65 (March 2007): pp. 91-103.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5719
2017-12-21T09:12:27Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5748
2017-12-21T09:14:24Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5850
2019-09-29T04:37:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5850/
Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
M41 - Accounting
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
Residual income as commonly described in academic papers and in real-life applications may be formally described as a function of three variables: (i) the capital invested, (ii) the rate of return, (iii) the opportunity cost of capital. This paper shows that a different paradigm of residual income is generated if a fourth element is added: (iv) the capital that investors lose if they infuse their funds into
the firm (or project). The lost-capital paradigm has various interesting economic, nancial, accounting interpretations and bears intriguing formal and conceptual relations to the standard paradigm. It may be soundly employed in real-life applications as a tool for rewarding managers as well as for appraising firms. Firm value is shown to be a function of total abnormal earnings and independent of time, if the new paradigm is used: what matters is only the book value and the sum of total expected residual incomes, not the periods in which they are generated. This aggregation property is particular important for highlighting the link between accounting values and market values. A numerical example illustrates the practical implementation of the new paradigm to the Economic Value Added and the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson model; also, a model is presented which has the nice property of being aligned in sign with the Net Present Value: this makes it a good candidate for use in value-based management.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5850/2/MPRA_paper_5850.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5969
2019-09-26T18:19:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5969/
Schwellenwerte im deutschen Kündigungsschutzrecht Ein Beschäftigungshindernis für kleine Unternehmen?
Burgert, Derik
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
K31 - Labor Law
J23 - Labor Demand
Eines der am häufigsten genannten Vorschläge in der Diskussion um die Deregulierung des
Arbeitsmarktes ist die Lockerung des Kündigungsschutzgesetzes (KSchG). Für kleine
Unternehmen stellt, so die Hypothese, der Schwellenwert im Kündigungs schutzgesetz ein
Einstellungshindernis dar, da sie durch die Einstellung eines weiteren Mitarbeiters und das
Überspringen des Wertes in den Geltungsbereich des Gesetzes fielen. Die vorliegende Arbeit
unterzieht diese These einer empirischen Überprüfung.
Grundlage der Schätzung von Treatment-Effekten stellen Gesetzesänderungen der Jahre 1996
und 1998 dar. Damals wurde der Schwellenwert zunächst von fünf auf zehn Mitarbeiter erhöht,
um zwei Jahre später wieder gesenkt zu werden. Der Schätzansatz ist ein Regression
Discontinuity Design. Lokale Treatment-Effekte können dann nicht-parametrisch geschätzt
werden. Die Datenbasis bildet das IAB-Betriebspanel mit seinen Wellen 1996 bis 2003. Für die
erste Lockerung des KSchG im Jahr 1996 sind keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen
Kontroll- und Treatmentgruppe zu beobachten. Der erwartete, beschäftigungshemmende Effekt
des Schwellenwertes konnte damit nicht nachgewiesen werden. Das Ergebnis bestätigt frühere
Arbeiten, die ebenfalls keine starken empirischen Belege für den vermuteten Effekt gefunden
haben.
2005-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5969/1/MPRA_paper_5969.pdf
Burgert, Derik (2005): Schwellenwerte im deutschen Kündigungsschutzrecht Ein Beschäftigungshindernis für kleine Unternehmen?
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5971
2019-09-26T18:20:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5971/
The Impact of German Job Protection Legislation on Job Creation in Small Establishments - An Application of the Regression Discontinuity Design
Burgert, Derik
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
K31 - Labor Law
J23 - Labor Demand
One proposal frequently raised to increase flexibility of the German labour market is the liberalization
of the job protection law. It applies to those establishments with more than a cut-off number of
employees. The argument examined in this paper is that this step in legal regulation hinders small
enterprises from job creation.
Changes in the cut-off number in the late 1990‘s provide the basis for estimating this effect. The
evaluation approach is a Regression Discontinuity Design using these changes as natural experiments.
Local treatment effects can be estimated non-parametrically by local linear regression. The data base
used is the IAB establishment panel.
The paper is the first one to exploit the policy changes named above and controlling for self-selection
into the treatment job protection using minimal assumptions concerning model specification. The
results are in line with earlier studies finding no evidence for hindering effects on job growth in small
establishments.
2005-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5971/1/MPRA_paper_5971.pdf
Burgert, Derik (2005): The Impact of German Job Protection Legislation on Job Creation in Small Establishments - An Application of the Regression Discontinuity Design.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6309
2017-12-22T03:27:02Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6515
2019-09-28T12:17:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6515/
Crescimento da produtividade e organização do trabalho: discussão de alguns factores
Moniz, António
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
M54 - Labor Management
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
L26 - Entrepreneurship
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
Recent studies continue to indicate the existence of a narrow relationship between flexible work organizations and the economic growth, in particular, Sweden and Germany. The measure of this relationship is many times the result of the value added per worker. Therefore, the causes of economic growth must be perceived from the interior of the company (work organization, technology, infrastructures, product design). On the other hand, the capacity of innovation can be perceived by the market through new products and services, and still significant changes with the introduction of new equipment and design of an efficient work organization.
In this article it is analyzed the evolution of the productivity and employment levels in Portugal and other European countries, over all, during the decade of 90. An analysis for sector is made still. One verifies often that economic growth can be without employment growth. However, the growth can be obtained when if it reaches bigger added value and the efficiency can be verified when there are diminished costs for a same period of time, although that the labor productivity is also the pointer of the quality of life in a economy, therefore it represents the value produced by the work.
Moreover, the total factors productivity is the measure of the technological and organizational progress (don’t includes only the technological investments). It is tried to get and to analyze the available statistics on these dimension in Portugal, concluding that Portugal presents an enterprise structure predominantly based on small and very small companies, a great number of which is market by a weak potential of adaptability, innovation and sustainability.
It becomes urgent to take the non-material factors that integrate the productivity dimension, as factors of intervention for a benchmarking that allows a process of sustainable growth.
2002-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6515/1/MPRA_paper_6515.pdf
Moniz, António (2002): Crescimento da produtividade e organização do trabalho: discussão de alguns factores. Published in: Economia e Prospectiva No. 21-22 (December 2002): pp. 89-108.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6551
2019-09-27T00:18:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3538
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3339
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6551/
Trends for the development of anthropocentric production systems in small less industrialised countries: The case of Portugal
Kovács, Ilona
Moniz, António
L23 - Organization of Production
J58 - Public Policy
O39 - Other
M54 - Labor Management
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
This paper analyses the problems and trends of the introduction of anthropocentric production systems (APS) in small less industrialized member states of the European Union, specifically the case of Portugal, based on the report for the FAST-Anthropocentric Technology Assessment Project (Monitor Programme) on “Prospects and conditions for APS in Europe by the 21st century”. Research teams from all countries of the European Community, as well as researchers from USA, Japan and Australia were participating in this project.
The aim of this paper is to characterize APS and to present some special considerations related to the socioeconomic factors affecting the prospects and conditions for APS in Portugal. APS is defined as a system based on the utilization of skilled human resources and flexible technology adapted to the needs of flexible and participative organization. Among socioeconomic factors, some critical aspects for the development of APS will be focused, namely technological infrastructure, management strategies, perceived impact of introduction of automated systems on the division of labor and organizational structure, educational and vocational training and social actors strategies towards industrial automation. This analysis is based on a sample of industrial firms, built up for qualitative analysis, and on case studies analysis that can be reference examples for further development of APS, and not just for economic policy purposes alone.
We have also analyzed the type of existing industrial relations, the union and employer strategies and some aspects of public policies towards the introduction of new technologies in the order to understand the extent to which there exist obstacles to and favorable conditions for the diffusion of anthropocentric systems. Finally some recommendations are presented to stress the trends for the implementation and development of anthropocentric production systems in Portugal.
1994-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6551/1/MPRA_paper_6551.pdf
Kovács, Ilona and Moniz, António (1994): Trends for the development of anthropocentric production systems in small less industrialised countries: The case of Portugal. Published in: Proceedings of European Workshop in Human Centred Systems (July 1994): pp. 1-20.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6687
2019-09-26T15:52:55Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3535
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3234
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3836
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6687/
SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT IT OUTSOURCING PROCESS
Brandas, Ioan
Brandas, Claudiu
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices
L24 - Contracting Out ; Joint Ventures ; Technology Licensing
L86 - Information and Internet Services ; Computer Software
IT outsourcing is the practice of contracting out the running of a part of an organization computer department. It is not a new phenomenon, but the scale and scope of its occurrence has greatly increased over the last decade. Due to the fact that IT outsourcing has no obviously and quantifiable benefits, most of the business entities choose not to do outsource their IT. The paper is based on the idea of incapability of exact determination of IT services costs. The purpose of this research regards the layout of the current approaches to outsourcing, description of different types of IT outsourcing and their advantages and the analysis of some models which might be used in order to facilitate the IT decision making process.
2007-06-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6687/1/MPRA_paper_6687.pdf
Brandas, Ioan and Brandas, Claudiu (2007): SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT IT OUTSOURCING PROCESS. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6766
2017-12-22T03:41:43Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6778
2019-10-01T07:49:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473238
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6778/
Extending the managerial power theory of executive pay: A cross national test
Otten, Jordan J.A.
Heugens, Pursey P.M.A.R
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
M10 - General
Contextual factors are typically neglected in both theorizing and empirical tests on
executive pay. The fast majority of empirical investigations use data from U.S. based
firms. Theoretical implications are typically developed, understood and tested on the
basis of the U.S. context. However, the U.S. case is not the world wide standard. Pay
in other countries is on average considerably lower and have a different pay mix. The
puzzle that from the typical use of agency theory can’t be explained is the variance of
pay practices that exist not only within countries but also across countries. This paper
extends scholars renewed attention to managerial power theory on executive pay. It
sets out how and why institutional theory must be included in explanations of
executive pay. On the basis of a sample of executive pay packages from 17 different
countries we test the theoretical extensions. Results indicate that institutions interact
with firm level determinants of executive pay. Explanations for executive pay should
therefore account for the variance of pay practices within and across countries.
Highlighting that the institutional embeddedness of pay practices play an important
role in finding conclusive explanations of current pay practices.
2007-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6778/1/MPRA_paper_6778.pdf
Otten, Jordan J.A. and Heugens, Pursey P.M.A.R (2007): Extending the managerial power theory of executive pay: A cross national test. Published in: ERIM Report Series Research in Management No. ERS-2007-090-ORG (December 2007): pp. 1-70.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6783
2019-09-28T04:46:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6783/
Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
D40 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G0 - General
M21 - Business Economics
This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income,
originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital implicitly infused into the business, (c) the outstanding capital of a shadow project, (d) the claimholders' credit. Relations of the lost capital with book values and market values are studied, as well as relations of the lost-capital residual income with the classical standard paradigm; many appealing properties are derived, among which a property of earnings aggregation. Different concepts and results, provided by different authors in such different fields as
economic theory, management accounting and corporate finance, are considered: O'Hanlon and Peasnell's (2002) unrecovered capital and Excess Value Created; Ohlson's (2005) Abnormal Earnings Growth; O'Byrne's (1997) EVA improvement; Miller and Modigliani's (1961) investment opportunities approach to valuation; Keynes's (1936) user cost; Drukarczyk and Schueler's (2000) Net Economic Income,
Fernandez's (2002) Created Shareholder Value, Anthony's (1975) profit. They are all conveniently reinterpreted within the theoretical domain of the lost-capital paradigm and conjoined in a unified view. The results found make this new theoretical approach a good candidate for firm valuation, incentive compensation, capital budgeting decision-making
2007-11-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6783/1/MPRA_paper_6783.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6873
2017-12-22T03:46:04Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6967
2019-09-27T07:57:14Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3438
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38:4A3832
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6967/
Main features of the labour policy in Portugal
Moniz, António
Woll, Tobias
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
E24 - Employment ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Intergenerational Income Distribution ; Aggregate Human Capital ; Aggregate Labor Productivity
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
M54 - Labor Management
J48 - Public Policy
J82 - Labor Force Composition
J68 - Public Policy
In this working paper is presented information on the Portuguese labour market developed with the support of the European project WORKS-“Work organisation and restructuring in the knowledge society”. Is still a on the process article and thus commentaries are welcome.
The structure is based on the following topics:
a) The employment policy (Time regimes - time use, flexibility, part-time work, work-life balance -, and the work contracts regimes – wages, contract types, diversity); b) Education and training (skilling outcomes, rules on retraining and further training, employability schemes, transferability of skills);
c) Equal opportunities (relevance of equal opportunity regulation for restructuring outcomes, the role of gender and age regulation);
d) Restructuring effects (policy on transfer of personnel, policy on redundancies, and participation or voice in restructuring).
2007-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6967/1/MPRA_paper_6967.pdf
Moniz, António and Woll, Tobias (2007): Main features of the labour policy in Portugal. Published in: IET Working Papers Series No. 02 (November 2007): pp. 1-13.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6969
2019-09-26T14:57:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35
7375626A656374733D47:4733
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6969/
Theories on executive pay. A literature overview and critical assessment
Otten, J.A.
M0 - General
F0 - General
M1 - Business Administration
M5 - Personnel Economics
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
B00 - General
Executive pay is a major issue in the corporate governance debate. As well in practice as in theory debate still exists how executive pay levels and structures can be
explained. This paper provides an overview of 16 theories that have been used in the literature to explain the phenomenon. The theories can be classified into three types
of approaches; 1) the value approach; 2) the agency approach; and 3) the symbolic approach. A critical assessment of the theories shows that the dominant use in the literature of the perfect contracting approach of agency theory neglects: 1) the socially determined symbolic value that executive pay could represent, and 2) the contextual conditions under which executive pay is set. A more conclusive understanding of executive pay would be based on considering executive pay as an
outcome of socially constructed corporate governance arrangements in which the actors involved have considerable discretion to influence the outcomes. Incorporating such a view in attempts to explain executive pay provides a more conclusive explanation of the recurrent debate on executive pay in theory and practice.
2008-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6969/1/MPRA_paper_6969.pdf
Otten, J.A. (2008): Theories on executive pay. A literature overview and critical assessment. Published in: RSM workinpaper (January 2008)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6970
2019-10-01T22:25:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493239
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3632
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6970/
Competitividade no sector automóvel e formas inovadoras de gestão do emprego em Portugal
Moniz, António
I29 - Other
P17 - Performance and Prospects
L62 - Automobiles ; Other Transportation Equipment ; Related Parts and Equipment
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
L23 - Organization of Production
M54 - Labor Management
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
If indicators of international competitivity of the Portuguese industry reveal very strong weaknesses in the field of education and vocational training, the achievement of a solution is not based only (and should not!) in a decisive increase of investment and support in the education and training system. It seem not logical to think in that way, once normally when one tries to solve a problem that is done in the context of that same problem. Eventually there are other strategies. Which are, then, the fields where is necessary to orient the investiment to improve an industrial competitivity?
To try to answer this question, we analise one of the sectors that have contributed the most for an improvement of the Portuguese economical performance, and for a true innovative process as in terms of industrial product, or in terms of manufacturing and distribution processes. Is the automotive sector where that happens, taken in its two most important sub-sectors: the one of automobile manufacturing and assembly, and the one of components manufacturing.
2006-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6970/1/MPRA_paper_6970.pdf
Moniz, António (2006): Competitividade no sector automóvel e formas inovadoras de gestão do emprego em Portugal.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7158
2019-09-27T09:39:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7158/
Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
M41 - Accounting
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
Residual income is an important notion for constructing incentive plans for managers, as well as for valuing firms.
In academic papers and in real-life applications this notion is a function of three variables: (i) the capital invested, (ii) the rate of return, (iii) the opportunity cost of capital. This paper shows that a different paradigm of residual income is generated if a fourth element is added: (iv) the capital that investors lose if they infuse their funds in the firm (or project). The lost-capital paradigm has various interesting economic, financial, accounting
interpretations and bears intriguing formal and conceptual relations to the standard paradigm. It may
be soundly employed in real-life applications as a tool for rewarding managers as well as for appraising
firms. Firm value is shown to be independent of time, if the new paradigm is used: what matters is only the book value and the sum of total expected residual incomes, not the
periods in which they are generated. A numerical example illustrates the practical implementation of the new paradigm to the Economic Value Added and the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson model; also, a model is presented which has the nice property of being aligned in sign with the Net Present Value: this makes it a good candidate for use in value-based management.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7158/1/MPRA_paper_7158.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7218
2019-09-26T13:58:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3738
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7218/
Recruitment of Seemingly Overeducated Personnel: Insider-Outsider Effects on Fair Employee Selection Practices
Fabel, Oliver
Pascalau, Razvan
I21 - Analysis of Education
J78 - Public Policy
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
J53 - Labor-Management Relations ; Industrial Jurisprudence
We analyze a standard employee selection model given two institutional constraints:
First, professional experience perfectly substitutes insufficient formal education for insiders while this substitution is imperfect for outsiders. Second, in the latter case the
respective substitution rate increases with the advertised minimum educational requirement. Optimal selection implies that the expected level of formal education is higher for
outsider than for insider recruits. Moreover, this difference in educational attainments
increases with lower optimal minimum educational job requirements. Investigating data
of a large US public employer confirms both of the above theoretical implications. Generally, the econometric model exhibits a �good fit�.
2007-10-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7218/1/MPRA_paper_7218.pdf
Fabel, Oliver and Pascalau, Razvan (2007): Recruitment of Seemingly Overeducated Personnel: Insider-Outsider Effects on Fair Employee Selection Practices.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7254
2019-09-27T09:05:59Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3631
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7254/
Organização do trabalho e controlo de qualidade numa estação de soldadura robotizada
Moniz, António
L61 - Metals and Metal Products ; Cement ; Glass ; Ceramics
L23 - Organization of Production
M54 - Labor Management
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
In this paper is analyzed the work organization and the forms of quality control in a robotic welding station in a company of office equipment and metal components manufacturing. The robotic cell is recent and works in two shifts. Quality and production rationalization implied in this firms the adoption of a strategy of organization of teamwork, and it is supported the collaborative tools to decrease the possibilities for errors and to improve means and methods of manufacturing.
The analysis of quality control process needed the use of productivity indicators. In this way it was possible to understand the connections between the function quality and the new form of work organization adopted in this innovative experience in Portugal.
1993-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7254/1/MPRA_paper_7254.pdf
Moniz, António (1993): Organização do trabalho e controlo de qualidade numa estação de soldadura robotizada. Published in: Proceedings das Jornadas de PPP/AC, Ordem dos Engenheiros , Vol. 4, (November 1993): pp. 1-8.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7335
2019-10-02T17:14:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7335/
Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
D40 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G0 - General
M21 - Business Economics
This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income,
originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital implicitly infused into the business, (c) the outstanding capital of a shadow project, (d) the claimholders' credit. Relations of the lost capital with book values and market values are studied, as well as relations of the lost-capital residual income with the classical standard paradigm; many appealing properties are derived, among which a property of earnings aggregation. Different concepts and results, provided by different authors in such different fields as
economic theory, management accounting and corporate finance, are considered: O'Hanlon and Peasnell's (2002) unrecovered capital and Excess Value Created; Ohlson's (2005) Abnormal Earnings Growth; O'Byrne's (1997) EVA improvement; Miller and Modigliani's (1961) investment opportunities approach to valuation; Keynes's (1936) user cost; Drukarczyk and Schueler's (2000) Net Economic Income,
Fernandez's (2002) Created Shareholder Value, Anthony's (1975) profit. They are all conveniently reinterpreted within the theoretical domain of the lost-capital paradigm and conjoined in a unified view. The results found make this new theoretical approach a good candidate for firm valuation, incentive compensation, capital budgeting decision-making
2007-11-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7335/3/MPRA_paper_7335.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7422
2019-09-26T20:06:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443230
7375626A656374733D48:4833:483330
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
7375626A656374733D4E:4E35:4E3536
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443331
7375626A656374733D49:4930:493030
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413133
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443132
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413139
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463431
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7422/
Hacia la Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional en Mesoamérica. Estado de la Inseguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional y notas sobre políticas para su superación.
Mora-Alfaro, Jorge
Fernández-Alvarado, Luis Fernando
I30 - General
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
D20 - General
H30 - General
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
N56 - Latin America ; Caribbean
M50 - General
H70 - General
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
I00 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
O10 - General
I0 - General
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
A19 - Other
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
F41 - Open Economy Macroeconomics
Q10 - General
In this document we may find the main characteristics about the food security situation in the Mesoamerican countries. The insufficient nourishment and nutrition, as well the poverty condition that involve an important proportion of the Central American and Mexican population, produce and human and social hardship frame, with and special emphasis in the rural areas of these countries. In addition to the risks that this situation represents to the persons, families and communities living in these conditions, the general circumstances increase the vulnerability in relation with the social, political and economical stability of these nations. This is a clear obstacle to their growth economic processes and to the more prompt integration in the international economy development. Primarily, when the inclusion of the population in the development process, the distributive policies and the social cohesion are crucial components of the socioeconomic and political model adopted by the countries where these situation prevail.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7422/1/MPRA_paper_7422.pdf
Mora-Alfaro, Jorge and Fernández-Alvarado, Luis Fernando (2005): Hacia la Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional en Mesoamérica. Estado de la Inseguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional y notas sobre políticas para su superación.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7425
2019-10-01T12:20:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7425/
Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
D40 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G0 - General
M21 - Business Economics
This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income,
originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital implicitly infused into the business, (c) the outstanding capital of a shadow project, (d) the claimholders' credit. Relations of the lost capital with book values and market values are studied, as well as relations of the lost-capital residual income with the classical standard paradigm; many appealing properties are derived, among which a property of earnings aggregation. Different concepts and results, provided by different authors in such different fields as
economic theory, management accounting and corporate finance, are considered: O'Hanlon and Peasnell's (2002) unrecovered capital and Excess Value Created; Ohlson's (2005) Abnormal Earnings Growth; O'Byrne's (1997) EVA improvement; Miller and Modigliani's (1961) investment opportunities approach to valuation; Keynes's (1936) user cost; Drukarczyk and Schueler's (2000) Net Economic Income,
Fernandez's (2002) Created Shareholder Value, Anthony's (1975) profit. They are all conveniently reinterpreted within the theoretical domain of the lost-capital paradigm and conjoined in a unified view. The results found make this new theoretical approach a good candidate for firm valuation, incentive compensation, capital budgeting decision-making
2007-11-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7425/1/MPRA_paper_7425.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7438
2019-09-28T16:39:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3631
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7438/
Organização do trabalho e controlo de qualidade numa estação de soldadura robotizada
Canário, Teresa
Cerveira, Fátima
Moniz, António
L61 - Metals and Metal Products ; Cement ; Glass ; Ceramics
L23 - Organization of Production
M54 - Labor Management
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
In this paper is analyzed the work organization and the forms of quality control in a robotic welding station in a company of office equipment and metal components manufacturing. The robotic cell is recent and works in two shifts. Quality and production rationalization implied in this firms the adoption of a strategy of organization of teamwork, and it is supported the collaborative tools to decrease the possibilities for errors and to improve means and methods of manufacturing.
The analysis of quality control process needed the use of productivity indicators. In this way it was possible to understand the connections between the function quality and the new form of work organization adopted in this innovative experience in Portugal.
1993-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7438/1/MPRA_paper_7438.pdf
Canário, Teresa and Cerveira, Fátima and Moniz, António (1993): Organização do trabalho e controlo de qualidade numa estação de soldadura robotizada. Published in: Proceedings das Jornadas de PPP/AC, Ordem dos Engenheiros , Vol. 4, (November 1993): pp. 1-8.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7761
2019-09-27T12:19:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433233
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473332
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7761/
IDE et retards d'investissement de l'entreprise domestique au Sénégal : une solution par la gouvernance d'entreprise
SENE, Serigne Moustapha
O55 - Africa
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
C23 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure ; Value of Firms ; Goodwill
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
This paper focuses on agency theory to explain investment behavior difference between private domestic and foreign in Senegalese industry. We put domestic companies into two groups with regard to managerial ownership and institutional ownership. An augmented accelerator model with demand uncertainty is used for that purpose. Empirical checkings have been performed using in panel of 187 firms. The results reveal that investment sensibility to uncertainty, sales and free cash flow is higher in foreign firms. Considering the efforts made by these firms in developing countries to meet international standards, our second area of research proposes managerial ownership to mitigate investment delays of domestic firms. It is showed that domestic firms can benefit from a high sensibility to uncertainty, be less financially constrained and less subject to underinvestment (due to manager extraction funds). A reduction of behavioral delays could be reached via optimal managerial ownership (within 5%-25%); none institutional ownership also improve domestic firms investment.
2008-01-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7761/1/MPRA_paper_7761.pdf
SENE, Serigne Moustapha (2008): IDE et retards d'investissement de l'entreprise domestique au Sénégal : une solution par la gouvernance d'entreprise.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7764
2019-09-28T04:35:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7764/
Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
D40 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G0 - General
M21 - Business Economics
This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income,
originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital implicitly infused into the business, (c) the outstanding capital of a shadow project, (d) the claimholders' credit. Relations of the lost capital with book values and market values are studied, as well as relations of the lost-capital residual income with the classical standard paradigm; many appealing properties are derived, among which a property of earnings aggregation. Different concepts and results, provided by different authors in such different fields as
economic theory, management accounting and corporate finance, are considered: O'Hanlon and Peasnell's (2002) unrecovered capital and Excess Value Created; Ohlson's (2005) Abnormal Earnings Growth; O'Byrne's (1997) EVA improvement; Miller and Modigliani's (1961) investment opportunities approach to valuation; Keynes's (1936) user cost; Drukarczyk and Schueler's (2000) Net Economic Income,
Fernandez's (2002) Created Shareholder Value, Anthony's (1975) profit. They are all conveniently reinterpreted within the theoretical domain of the lost-capital paradigm and conjoined in a unified view. The results found make this new theoretical approach a good candidate for firm valuation, incentive compensation, capital budgeting decision-making
2007-11-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7764/1/MPRA_paper_7764.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7984
2019-09-26T22:30:41Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30
7375626A656374733D46:4634
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D44:4432
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35
7375626A656374733D44:4434
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D46:4633
7375626A656374733D46:4632
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7984/
Companies’ market penetration and activity patterns in european market
Neamtu, Liviu
Neamtu, Adina Claudia
L0 - General
F4 - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
D2 - Production and Organizations
F0 - General
A1 - General Economics
M5 - Personnel Economics
D4 - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
M0 - General
L2 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
M1 - Business Administration
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
F3 - International Finance
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
M2 - Business Economics
The strategy type at the company level has an impact upon the selection and implementation of the strategy at the business level. The international strategy at the company level is different from the international strategy at the business level through the diversification extension degree (both under the products aspect and under the geographic area aspect). The need to adopt an international strategy at the company level appears when the products or services level increases in the sense of incorporating products that belong to several activity branches and that address to multiple markets. In this case, the company’s strategy is conducted by the managers from its headquarters and not by the area managers or business managers.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7984/1/MPRA_paper_7984.pdf
Neamtu, Liviu and Neamtu, Adina Claudia (2007): Companies’ market penetration and activity patterns in european market. Published in: Annals of the Oradea University, fascicle of Economical Science , Vol. vol I-, No. tom XVI, (2007): pp. 1063-1067.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8046
2019-09-27T11:40:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493239
7375626A656374733D50:5031:503137
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3632
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8046/
Competitividade no sector automóvel e formas inovadoras de gestão do emprego em Portugal
Moniz, António
I29 - Other
P17 - Performance and Prospects
L62 - Automobiles ; Other Transportation Equipment ; Related Parts and Equipment
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
L23 - Organization of Production
M54 - Labor Management
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
If indicators of international competitivity of the Portuguese industry reveal very strong weaknesses in the field of education and vocational training, the achievement of a solution is not based only (and should not!) in a decisive increase of investment and support in the education and training system. It seem not logical to think in that way, once normally when one tries to solve a problem that is done in the context of that same problem. Eventually there are other strategies. Which are, then, the fields where is necessary to orient the investiment to improve an industrial competitivity?
To try to answer this question, we analise one of the sectors that have contributed the most for an improvement of the Portuguese economical performance, and for a true innovative process as in terms of industrial product, or in terms of manufacturing and distribution processes. Is the automotive sector where that happens, taken in its two most important sub-sectors: the one of automobile manufacturing and assembly, and the one of components manufacturing.
2006-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8046/1/MPRA_paper_8046.pdf
Moniz, António (2006): Competitividade no sector automóvel e formas inovadoras de gestão do emprego em Portugal.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8103
2019-09-27T22:25:41Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3434
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8103/
A contribuição da Sociologia para a formação em Engenharia
i, António
J44 - Professional Labor Markets ; Occupational Licensing
M54 - Labor Management
L60 - General
This article is based on the lesson presented in the scope of academy activities in the area of Sociology (at FCT-UNL). It is intended to approach the controversies concerning the relation between technology and society (technological determinism, effect on employment, importance of the social behaviours in the definition of needs for new products and equipment), and on the most recent trends (over all, since middle of the last century) in terms of technological evolution and of its social and cultural change. Finally, this subject was dedicated to the presentation of the main factors that has lead to the development of the contribution of sociology for the training and education in engineering. Thus, one intends to acquire new elements on this area of knowledge also presented in other schools of engineering of other countries (for examples, United States and Holland), and how the theoretical beddings are been developed since the beginning of 20th century on the modalities of work organization that imply a cooperation between engineering and social sciences.
2002-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8103/1/MPRA_paper_8103.pdf
i, António (2002): A contribuição da Sociologia para a formação em Engenharia. Published in: Organizações e Trabalho No. 27 (May 2002): pp. 9-37.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8387
2019-09-27T04:59:52Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8387/
Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
M40 - General
G30 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
M41 - Accounting
Residual income as commonly described in academic papers and in real-life applications may be formally described as a function of three variables: (i) the capital invested, (ii) the rate of return, (iii) the opportunity cost of capital. This paper shows that a different paradigm of residual income is generated if a fourth element is added: (iv) the capital that investors lose if they infuse their funds into
the firm (or project). The lost-capital paradigm has various interesting economic, nancial, accounting interpretations and bears intriguing formal and conceptual relations to the standard paradigm. It may be soundly employed in real-life applications as a tool for rewarding managers as well as for appraising firms. Firm value is shown to be a function of total abnormal earnings and independent of time, if the new paradigm is used: what matters is only the book value and the sum of total expected residual incomes, not the periods in which they are generated. This aggregation property is particular important for highlighting the link between accounting values and market values. A numerical example illustrates the practical implementation of the new paradigm to the Economic Value Added and the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson model; also, a model is presented which has the nice property of being aligned in sign with the Net Present Value: this makes it a good candidate for use in value-based management.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8387/1/MPRA_paper_8387.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8598
2019-10-03T03:38:16Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433233
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473332
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8598/
IDE et retards d'investissement de l'entreprise domestique au Sénégal : une solution par la gouvernance d'entreprise
SENE, Serigne Moustapha
O55 - Africa
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
C23 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure ; Value of Firms ; Goodwill
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
This paper focuses on agency theory to explain investment behavior difference between private domestic and foreign in Senegalese industry. We put domestic companies into two groups with regard to managerial ownership and institutional ownership. An augmented accelerator model with demand uncertainty is used for that purpose. Empirical checkings have been performed using in panel of 187 firms. The results reveal that investment sensibility to uncertainty, sales and free cash flow is higher in foreign firms. Considering the efforts made by these firms in developing countries to meet international standards, our second area of research proposes managerial ownership to mitigate investment delays of domestic firms. It is showed that domestic firms can benefit from a high sensibility to uncertainty, be less financially constrained and less subject to underinvestment (due to manager extraction funds). A reduction of behavioral delays could be reached via optimal managerial ownership (within 5%-25%); none institutional ownership also improve domestic firms investment.
2008-01-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8598/1/MPRA_paper_8598.pdf
SENE, Serigne Moustapha (2008): IDE et retards d'investissement de l'entreprise domestique au Sénégal : une solution par la gouvernance d'entreprise.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8935
2019-10-03T16:27:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8935/
Scomposizione di sovraprofitti: Economic Value Added e Valore Aggiunto Sistemico
Magni, Carlo Alberto
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
G30 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
M21 - Business Economics
The Economic Value Added formally translates the theoretical notion of excess profit (also known as residual income). Its use is so firmly entrenched in applied corporate finance and management accounting that its name is often used as a noun for denoting the concept of excess profit itself. This paper investigates the conceptual properties of such a notion and, in particular, it studies the relations between the excess profit generated in a period and the excess profit generated in the following period, showing that the classical approach forgets the past story of the project and the evolution of the capital invested. On the basis of this analysis, a new approach to residual income is offered, called Systemic Value Added (SVA). The latter takes account of the dynamic system governing the evolution of the capital invested, and is coherently additive in that the uncompounded sum of the SVAs leads to the Net Final Value. Interesting relations between the classical approach and the new approach are provided, and a final conventionalist position is endorsed: the excess profit is not an unambiguous concept and the choice between either approaches depends on the pieces of information one is willing to retrieve.
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8935/1/MPRA_paper_8935.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2000): Scomposizione di sovraprofitti: Economic Value Added e Valore Aggiunto Sistemico. Published in: Finanza Marketing e Produzione , Vol. 4, No. 19 (December 2001): pp. 94-119.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8939
2019-09-29T19:22:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8939/
Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
M40 - General
G30 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
M41 - Accounting
Residual income as commonly described in academic papers and in real-life applications may be formally described as a function of three variables: (i) the capital invested, (ii) the rate of return, (iii) the opportunity cost of capital. This paper shows that a different paradigm of residual income is generated if a fourth element is added: (iv) the capital that investors lose if they infuse their funds into
the firm (or project). The lost-capital paradigm has various interesting economic, nancial, accounting interpretations and bears intriguing formal and conceptual relations to the standard paradigm. It may be soundly employed in real-life applications as a tool for rewarding managers as well as for appraising firms. Firm value is shown to be a function of total abnormal earnings and independent of time, if the new paradigm is used: what matters is only the book value and the sum of total expected residual incomes, not the periods in which they are generated. This aggregation property is particular important for highlighting the link between accounting values and market values. A numerical example illustrates the practical implementation of the new paradigm to the Economic Value Added and the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson model; also, a model is presented which has the nice property of being aligned in sign with the Net Present Value: this makes it a good candidate for use in value-based management.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8939/1/MPRA_paper_8939.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Measuring performance and valuing firms: In search of the lost capital.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9043
2019-10-04T18:09:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9043/
Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
D40 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G0 - General
M21 - Business Economics
This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income,
originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2000c, 2001a, 2001b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital implicitly infused into the business, (c) the outstanding capital of a \emph{shadow project}, (d) the claimholders' credit. Relations of the lost capital with book values and market values are studied, as well as relations of the lost-capital residual income with the
classical standard paradigm; many appealing properties are derived, among which a property of earnings aggregation. Different concepts and results, provided by different authors in such different fields as economic theory, management accounting and corporate finance, are considered: O'Hanlon and Peasnell's (2002) unrecovered capital and
Excess Value Created; Ohlson's (2005) Abnormal Earnings Growth; O'Byrne's (1997) EVA improvement; Miller and Modigliani's (1961) investment opportunities approach to valuation; Keynes's (1936) user cost; Drukarczyk and Schueler's (2000) Net Economic Income, Fern\'{a}ndez's (2002) Created Shareholder Value, Anthony's (1975) profit. They are all conveniently reinterpreted within the theoretical domain of the lost-capital paradigm and conjoined in a unified view. The results found make this new theoretical approach a good candidate for firm valuation, incentive compensation, capital budgeting decision-making.
2007-11-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9043/1/MPRA_paper_9043.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9476
2019-09-26T10:00:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3139
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9476/
Convergences of the Romanian societal culture with European culture clusters in the process of European integration. The role of intercultural teams management in increasing European cohesion
Bibu, Nicolae Aurelian
Brancu, Laura
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
Z10 - General
O19 - International Linkages to Development ; Role of International Organizations
M54 - Labor Management
This paper is discussing the issue of European cohesion based on a management approach. It describes the positioning of Romania on the European map of cultures, in order to identify the convergence and divergence of its societal culture with various European cultural clusters. The paper is arguing that: a) European organizations have a major role to play in the process of increasing cohesion within the European Union; b) Organizational Management and leadership are paramount to their success and to society welfare; c) Performant Intercultural Knowledge Management is needed for achieving the most out of European organizations; d) Intercultural teams are one of the most effective ways to reduce the current cohesion-less of EU at individual and organizational level.
2008-02-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9476/1/MPRA_paper_9476.pdf
Bibu, Nicolae Aurelian and Brancu, Laura (2008): Convergences of the Romanian societal culture with European culture clusters in the process of European integration. The role of intercultural teams management in increasing European cohesion.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9507
2019-10-01T12:48:52Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3434
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9507/
A contribuição da Sociologia para a formação em Engenharia
Moniz, António
J44 - Professional Labor Markets ; Occupational Licensing
M54 - Labor Management
L60 - General
This article is based on the lesson presented in the scope of academy activities in the area of Sociology (at FCT-UNL). It is intended to approach the controversies concerning the relation between technology and society (technological determinism, effect on employment, importance of the social behaviours in the definition of needs for new products and equipment), and on the most recent trends (over all, since middle of the last century) in terms of technological evolution and of its social and cultural change. Finally, this subject was dedicated to the presentation of the main factors that has lead to the development of the contribution of sociology for the training and education in engineering. Thus, one intends to acquire new elements on this area of knowledge also presented in other schools of engineering of other countries (for examples, United States and Holland), and how the theoretical beddings are been developed since the beginning of 20th century on the modalities of work organization that imply a cooperation between engineering and social sciences.
2002-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9507/1/MPRA_paper_9507.pdf
Moniz, António (2002): A contribuição da Sociologia para a formação em Engenharia. Published in: Organizações e Trabalho No. 27 (May 2002): pp. 9-37.
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9742
2019-09-30T18:13:54Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
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7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
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7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9742/
Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
D40 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G0 - General
M21 - Business Economics
This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income,
originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital implicitly infused into the business, (c) the outstanding capital of a shadow project, (d) the claimholders' credit. Relations of the lost capital with book values and market values are studied, as well as relations of the lost-capital residual income with the classical standard paradigm; many appealing properties are derived, among which a property of earnings aggregation. Different concepts and results, provided by different authors in such different fields as
economic theory, management accounting and corporate finance, are considered: O'Hanlon and Peasnell's (2002) unrecovered capital and Excess Value Created; Ohlson's (2005) Abnormal Earnings Growth; O'Byrne's (1997) EVA improvement; Miller and Modigliani's (1961) investment opportunities approach to valuation; Young and O'Byrne's (2001) Adjusted EVA; Keynes's (1936) user cost; Drukarczyk and Schueler's (2000) Net Economic Income,
Fernandez's (2002) Created Shareholder Value, Anthony's (1975) profit. They are all conveniently reinterpreted within the theoretical domain of the lost-capital paradigm and conjoined in a unified view. The results found make this new theoretical approach a good candidate for firm valuation, incentive compensation, capital budgeting decision-making
2007-11-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9742/1/MPRA_paper_9742.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10287
2019-10-01T12:52:51Z
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7375626A656374733D4B:4B32
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473134
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7375626A656374733D47:4733
7375626A656374733D4B:4B33:4B3331
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74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10287/
Gouvernement d'entreprise et décisions d'emploi
Boyer, Tristan
K2 - Regulation and Business Law
G14 - Information and Market Efficiency ; Event Studies ; Insider Trading
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
G23 - Non-bank Financial Institutions ; Financial Instruments ; Institutional Investors
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
K31 - Labor Law
L2 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances ; Revolutions
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation
J5 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
À l’origine de cette thèse se trouve la question suivante : « Qu’est-ce qui rend possible et justifie que les licenciements économiques soient de plus en plus nombreux dans les entreprises en bonne santé ? »
Autrement dit : « en quoi les décisions de licenciement sont-elles des décisions raisonnables ? ».
C’est-à-dire, pour reprendre les mots de Laurent Thévenot,
D’une part : quelles sont les raisons sur lesquelles les entreprises s’appuient pour agir ? i.e. les raisons qui régissent la décision rationnelle.
Et d’autre part : en quoi ces raisons sont de bonnes raisons ? qu’est-ce qui les rend acceptables, objectivables, justifiables au regard d’autres personnes.
À l’issue du travail sur cette question, cette thèse donne une lecture de ce qui rend raisonnable les décisions de licenciement.
L’objectif de ce travail est d’armer la critique de ce type de licenciement. Comment donner les moyens d’une critique de ce que de nombreux observateurs appellent « la gestion financière des ressources humaines » ?
Selon nous, cette critique suppose de remettre en question les représentations sur lesquelles se fonde le fonctionnement de l’entreprise.
Ce travail est donc structuré en deux parties : la première porte sur les licenciements et leurs justifications et la deuxième qui consiste à remettre en question les représentations couramment admises de l’entreprise et de son fonctionnement.
*******
Notre travail a donc commencé par l’analyse du cadre de la décision de licenciement économique collectif.
C’est en effet le préalable à l’étude des argumentaires des projets de licenciements : pour comprendre quelles contraintes et quels passages obligés pouvaient exister dans l’expression des motivations des décisions de licenciement, il était indispensable de déterminer le cadre juridique, économique, sociologique et historique du licenciement économique.
Sur le plan juridique, la loi de modernisation sociale apportait une définition plus restrictive des causes économiques d’un licenciement collectif. Toutefois, le Conseil Constitutionnel a décidé, au début de cette année (le 17 janvier 2002), de censurer cette nouvelle définition au nom de la liberté d’entreprendre.
Il en résulte donc le maintien des trois causes possibles antérieures : les difficultés économiques de l’entreprise, les mutations technologiques, la réorganisation en vue de sauvegarder la compétitivité de l’entreprise.
Il convient d’ajouter que le juge n’a pas le pouvoir de déterminer à lui seul la réalité de la situation économique de l’entreprise : il se borne à constater le caractère légal de la justification de la décision de licencier.
Quant au cadre d’analyse économique, si l’analyse économique néo-classique donne une image conforme à celle du droit des motivations possibles du licenciement économique collectif, elle bute néanmoins sur la prise en compte du travail comme une marchandise différente des autres.
Les approches en termes de capital humain, même si elles permettent de prendre en compte la dimension temporelle de la relation de travail, notamment à travers les questions de compétences et de formation, ne permettent pas de concevoir son aspect de contrat à durée indéterminée.
L’approche en terme de contrats implicites bute quant à elle sur la nécessité, pour analyser le licenciement économique collectif, de le concevoir comme résultant d’une décision unilatérale de l’employeur. Enfin, l’approche de Williamson, même si elle constitue une avancée majeure pour les économistes, reste limitée dans son analyse du licenciement économique collectif, car elle ne permet pas réellement de prendre en compte son aspect dépersonnalisé, c’est-à-dire collectif.
Sur le plan sociologique et historique, il semble que l’apparition des licenciements collectifs dans le cadre de la réorganisation des entreprises en vue de sauvegarder la compétitivité, au début des années 90, ait marqué un tournant important par rapport aux licenciements collectifs antérieurs.
Les licenciements économiques collectifs, qui étaient jusqu’alors essentiellement destinés à restaurer la rentabilité des entreprises, deviennent alors destinés à améliorer cette rentabilité.
C’est un véritable changement dans la nature des licenciements économiques : la décision de licenciement ne peut plus alors être conçue comme une décision prise en situation de crise : c’est inévitablement une décision qui se fonde sur l’interprétation d’indicateurs de gestion.
La décision de licenciement économique collectif apparaît alors nécessairement comme une décision stratégique : parce qu’elle a un impact déterminant sur l’entreprise et parce qu’elle est prise dans une perspective stratégique, c’est-à-dire avec des objectifs définis et évaluables.
Les indicateurs de gestion tiennent un rôle déterminant dans les processus de décision des entreprises. Ils déterminent, par leurs structures, les objectifs de l’entreprise : ils sont le prisme au travers duquel les dirigeants analysent la situation de l’entreprise et sont à l’origine du diagnostic porté.
On comprend donc que certains auteurs aient pu voir dans l’instrumentation de gestion un facteur déterminant à l’origine des licenciements, comme la notion de licenciement réflexe le suppose.
Toutefois, il nous semble que cette perspective doit être nuancée du fait de la nature essentiellement stratégique de cette décision, ce qui l’insère dans une structure d’instrumentation de gestion, amis aussi dans une structure organisationnelle.
Le projet de licenciement apparaît alors comme un objet de cette gestion stratégique.
*
Le deuxième temps de notre réflexion s’est alors axé sur les justifications des plans de licenciement (à propos de l’ensemble constitué par le plan social proprement dit et par l’argumentaire économique (ou volet économique), nous parlerons du plan de licenciement).
Le cadre théorique que nous avons choisi est celui des Économies de la Grandeur, qui met au centre de toute coordination la notion de justification : dans ce cadre, pour être applicable, une décision doit pouvoir être justifiée.
Le terrain auquel s’applique cette analyse repose sur des entretiens avec des DRH, des directeurs financiers, des avocats et des consultants qui travaillent pour le compte des directions d’entreprise. Afin de multiplier les angles d’approche, nous avons aussi travaillé avec des experts de comité d’entreprise et leurs avocats sur des cas de licenciement économique collectif et, bien entendu, sur les documents qui s’y rapportent.
De cette approche croisée résulte une analyse qui permet de mettre en valeur deux aspects de la décision de licenciement :
1. D’une part, la décision de licenciement est justifiée sur le plan économique, comme la loi l’exige, mais cette justification ne donne que le contexte de la décision des dirigeants.
Les justifications des dirigeants relèvent de la gestion, c’est-à-dire de leur appréciation souveraine de ce qui doit être fait face à un contexte économique donné. Leur interprétation du contexte économique de la décision étant explicitée par la justification économique.
Il appartient donc aux lecteurs des argumentaires économiques de plan de licenciement de déterminer la justification de gestion pour pouvoir proposer des alternatives. En effet, celle-ci n’est jamais explicitement formulée dans le plan de licenciement : elle est du domaine exclusif des dirigeants, elle ne fait pas partie de la justification économique proprement dite.
2. D’autre part, et c’est le deuxième enseignement de notre travail de terrain, les justifications des décisions de licenciement reposent sur trois arguments. Ces trois arguments forment la base et le contour des argumentaires. On peut ainsi résumer la logique des plans de licenciement : « le marché a conduit l’entreprise à de mauvais résultats auxquels il convient de réagir par une amélioration de la productivité et/ou de la rentabilité qui passe par des licenciements douloureux mais indispensables à la survie de l’entreprise ».
Cet enchaînement presque mécanique permet de concevoir la décision de licenciement comme inévitable. On trouve ici les grandeurs marchandes, industrielles et civiques définies par Boltanski et Thévenot.
En effet, il n’y a que dans les registres marchands et industriels que les licenciements économiques collectifs peuvent être considérés comme des actions justifiées, et selon la terminologie de ces auteurs, comme une décision guidée par un bien supérieur commun.
En ce sens, les argumentaires de plan de licenciement revêtent un certain formalisme, mais ils permettent cependant de rechercher, à travers la description du contexte économique de la décision des dirigeants, ce qui les a guidés sur le plan stratégique, même si, sur ce point, d’autres grandeurs peuvent avoir été mobilisées (comme les grandeurs domestiques et connexionnistes).
Il résulte de cette analyse et de notre travail d’intervenant dans des cas de difficultés économiques analogues que la décision de licenciement n’est en aucun cas la seule possible pour redresser une entreprise.
Il en résulte aussi que les actionnaires jouent un rôle déterminant dans ces décisions, soit en permettant de les éviter en remettant les finances de l’entreprise à flot, soit à travers l’image que les dirigeants et les membres du conseil d’administration peuvent avoir des exigences des actionnaires, notamment en matière de rendement de l’action.
*******
L’importance de l’image des attentes des actionnaires nous a conduit à nous interroger sur le rôle des principes de Corporate Governance dans les décisions d’emploi.
Les principes de Corporate Governance résument les attentes des actionnaires, et en particulier des fonds de pension, en matière de communication de l’entreprise avec les marchés financiers.
Ils reposent sur l’idée que, pour faire fructifier leurs investissements, les actionnaires doivent pouvoir contrôler les actions des dirigeants de l’entreprise.
On comprend qu’un grand nombre d’analyses théoriques des pratiques de Corporate Governance distinguent alors des modèles qui varient selon le contexte légal des pays considérés. On comprend aussi qu’il s’agit, pour les entreprises qui souhaitent se conformer ainsi aux principes de Corporate Governance, de répondre aux attentes des investisseurs.
C’est cette interprétation des dirigeants des entreprises que nous avons appelée « convention de financiarisation » et qui consiste, à travers la stratégie de l’entreprise mise en œuvre, à satisfaire la supposée exigence de rendement de l’action à court terme des investisseurs.
En mobilisant de nombreuses études à l’appui de notre raisonnement, nous avons montré que cette convention de financiarisation est illégitime en ce qui concerne les décisions de licenciement : elle ne permet pas aux entreprises qui l’appliquent d’atteindre leur objectif de satisfaction des actionnaires pas plus que de justifier leur décision du point de vue juridique, RH ou économique.
En effet, les études concernant les liens entre licenciement et cours de l’action montrent que la réaction des marchés financiers est globalement négative lors de l’annonce de licenciement ou de réduction d’effectif. Ces résultats deviennent franchement négatifs au fur et à mesure que l’on accroît la période sur laquelle on analyse l’impact de l’annonce.
Il apparaît cependant que ce résultat peut être positif si l’entreprise annonce une stratégie de redressement cohérente qui impose entre autres choses de réduire les effectifs.
Toutefois, ces études montrent aussi de manière évidente que les entreprises qui licencient n’améliorent pas sensiblement leur performance économique en 3 ans et que les entreprises qui ne licencient pas et celles qui embauchent voient leur cours augmenter de manière nettement plus rapide que les autres.
Il apparaît donc, et cela est confirmé par des études sur les critères de décision des investisseurs et nos entretiens avec des traders, que les acteurs des marchés financiers ont une analyse plus élaborée et fine des entreprises que la convention de financiarisation pouvait le laisser supposer.
Il nous a alors paru nécessaire de s’interroger sur ce qui est l’enjeu principal de la Corporate Governance : en fonction de quels intérêts une entreprise doit-elle être gouvernée ?
De cette question découle la question de la représentation de l’entreprise : quel est son périmètre, qui la compose, comment définir son intérêt et ses responsabilités ?
*
Le droit autant que l’économie ne conçoivent pas, dans leurs théories classiques, l’existence de l’entreprise : pour l’économiste, elle se réduit à la figure de l’entrepreneur maximisateur, tandis que pour le juriste, l’entreprise se réduit à la personne morale de la société.
Un détour par les théories juridiques du pouvoir, notamment, montre la difficulté à concevoir l’entreprise comme une unité. C’est donc à travers la notion de système autopoïétique (développée par G. Teubner) à propos du droit et du groupe de société que nous avons tenté de définir l’entreprise.
L’intérêt de cette approche est de considérer l’entreprise comme un système fonctionnant de manière analogue à un système vivant, c’est-à-dire en interaction avec son environnement dans une relation d’interprétation réciproque des messages de l’un et de l’autre.
Cette perception permet de concevoir l’entreprise comme un système qui s’organise lui-même, se régule et se reproduit. C’est un apport réel à la question de la définition de l’entreprise et de son contour. Toutefois, de cette conception découle une perception totalement désincarnée de l’entreprise.
Nous avons alors tenté de rapprocher l’acteur et le système. Cette perspective s’appuie sur les travaux de Crozier et de Friedberg qui s’appuient sur la notion de pouvoir et sur la notion de système d’action concret qui conjugue les raisonnements stratégiques et systémiques.
Nous avons cependant voulu proposer une autre possibilité de rapprochement à travers la notion d’objet-système que nous avons conçu comme une introduction à l’idée de système autopoïétique comme objet saisi dans « l’action ensemble » (Thévenot). Dans cette perspective, l’objet dépasse la seule perception que les acteurs qui s’en saisissent peuvent en avoir pour interagir, selon les principes du système autopoïétique avec eux et avec l’environnement.
Loin d’être une théorie complète et finie, cette intuition théorique doit plutôt être regardée comme l’amorce d’un rapprochement qui nous semble nécessaire ou du moins extrêmement fécond entre acteur et système.
Si, en ce sens, cette approche théorique ne permet pas de répondre directement à la question de la définition des stakeholders de l’entreprise, elle permet de comprendre que ceux qui sont concernés par l’entreprise ne sont pas seulement ses dirigeants et/ou ses actionnaires, mais aussi tous ceux qui peuvent s’en saisir dans l’action : salariés, fournisseurs, citoyens, clients et même dans une certaine mesure l’environnement.
*******
Pour conclure, cette thèse concerne le licenciement et son impact et montre la nécessité d’une conception élargie de l’entreprise dans ses décisions. En ce sens, c’est une pierre dans la construction d’outils susceptibles de permettre l’élaboration d’une théorie de l’entreprise « élargie » qui puisse prendre en compte les intérêts de ses parties prenantes et en être tenue pour responsable.
English Abstract: This work aims at explaining the decision process of employment decisions within the firm through a pluridisciplinary approach (especially economy, management and law). Relying on the study of specific issues as corporate governance, accounting norms, monitoring tools, and through the use of many event studies looking at the link between stock price, economic performance in the US and France, this work is also based on a theoretical reflection about the nature of the firm (with an institutional approach of the legal and organizational structure).
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10287/1/MPRA_paper_10287.pdf
Boyer, Tristan (2002): Gouvernement d'entreprise et décisions d'emploi. Published in:
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10741
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oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10745
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https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10745/
Projekty informačních systémů v podnicích a jejich realizace
Vymětal, Dominik
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
M53 - Training
M10 - General
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances ; Revolutions
L86 - Information and Internet Services ; Computer Software
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
The book deals with theoretical concepts and ways of practical implementation of information sytems in companies. A successful information system project has to be based on the information strategy of the company. Taking the business strategy into consideration the information system value for the company is discussed. Methods of effective project management and controlling including team management and conflict handling are presented from customers and suppliers point of view. The methods proposed are illustrated by several case studies.
2008-04-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10745/1/MPRA_paper_10745.pdf
Vymětal, Dominik (2008): Projekty informačních systémů v podnicích a jejich realizace. Published in: , Vol. ISBN 9, (29 August 2008): pp. 1-122.
cs
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10785
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74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10785/
Enriching Production: Perspectives on Volvo's Uddevalla plant as an alternative to lean production
Sandberg, Åke
L2 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
D2 - Production and Organizations
M1 - Business Administration
L62 - Automobiles ; Other Transportation Equipment ; Related Parts and Equipment
M5 - Personnel Economics
J5 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
J50 - General
Enriching Production was first published by Avebury in 1995. The book was quickly sold out and is now made available again. Enriching Production was edited by professor Åke Sandberg, Arbetslivsinstitutet/ National Institute for Working Life and KTH The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.
Enriching Production was followed up by a symposium on the general theme of ‘Good work and productivity’. The papers were collected in a special issue of Economic and Industrial Democracy, Vol. 19, No 1, February 1998. There will also be follow up articles on Volvo and alternative production systems in a forthcoming reader Absolut management. Scandinavian perspectives on management in the new working life, to be published by SNS förlag, Stockholm, 2007/2008.
Abstract
Both researchers and practitioners in industrial organization ask themselves today whether lean production is the only possible model for the future. Enriching Production proposes a radically different alternative, which was put into practice at Volvo’s Uddevalla plant during its brief life span. Skilled workers in autonomous teams could altogether abandon the assembly line. With a work content of several hours they built cars according to customer order, with a short delivery time, thus avoiding stocks. In spite of its good performance the plant was closed after only a few years without having developed its full potential.
Enriching Production explains the design of the Uddevalla plant and tries to understand its closure against a background of organizational politics and Volvo’s production structure. In comparative chapters the NUMMI and Saturn plants in the US and European car manufacturers are contrasted to the Uddevalla model and also to Volvo’s Kalmar plant with still another form of group work. Chapters on social problems with lean production and recent developments in Japanese car manufacturing also contribute to an understanding of where the car building industry and the organization of industrial production is heading. Although the Uddevalla plant in its original form was closed, the vision of competitive systems of production that do not destroy but enhance human competencies and in a a wider sense a human working life lives on. Enriching Production contributes by reminding us that under certain circumstances good and competitive ways of arranging production are possible.
Content
Preface
The book and its authors
The Uddevalla experience in perspective
Åke Sandberg
Part I
Volvo’s innovative Uddevalla and Kalmar plants. The creation of a new production system at the Volvo automobile assembly plant in Uddevalla, Sweden,
Kajsa Ellegård
Production system design – a brief summary of some Swedish design efforts,
Tomas Engström and Lars Medbo
The Uddevalla plant: Why did it succeed with a holistic approach and why did it come to an end?
Lennart Nilsson
Volvo Kalmar – twice a pioneer
Thomas Sandberg
Part II
The performance of the Uddevalla plant in a comparative perspective. The fate of the branch plants – performance versus power
Christian Berggren
Assembly skills, process engineering and engineering design
Henrik Blomgren and Bo Karlson
Building for new production concepts
Colin Clipson, Jesper Steen, Anders Törnqvist and Peter Ullmark
Designed for learning: A tale of two auto plants
Paul S. Adler and Robert E. Cole
Limits to innovation in work organization?
Bob Hancké and Saul Rubinstein
Group work and the reception of Uddevalla in German car industry
Ulrich Jürgens
Part III
Volvo car plants internationally and the alliance with Renault. Volvo truck and bus in the UK: The clash of the Titans
Paul Thompson and Terry Wallace
Volvo-Gent: A Japanese transplant in Belgium or beyond?
Rik Huys and Geert Van Hootegem
First DAF, then Volvo and now Mitsubishi
Ben Dankbaar
Missing the road: Working life at Volvo Nova Scotia
L. Anders Sandberg
Volvo in Malaysia
Hing Ai Yun
The origins of team work at Renault
Michel Freyssenet
Fait accompli? A Machiavellian interpretation of the Renault–Volvo merger
Karel Williams, Colin Haslam and Sukhdev Johal
Part IV
Beyond lean production Japanese work policy: Opportunity, challenge or threat?
Norbert Altmann
Lean production in the automobile industry: Second thoughts
Dan Jonsson
Humanization of the production system and work at Toyota Motor Co and Toyota Motor Kyushu
Koichi Shimizu
Recent developments at Toyota Motor Co
Terje Grönning
Social preconditions for lean management and its further development
Paul Lillrank
Lean production. The Micro-Macro dimension, employment and the welfare state
Peter Auer
Key words
Automobile, Automobile industry, car makers, employment relationships, team working, team leaders, lean production, reflective production, moving line, fordism, taylorism, toyotism, Volvo, Volvo Uddevalla plant, Volvo Kalmar plant, Volvo Gent plant, division of work, NUMMI, SATURN, Toyota, Volkswagen, Renault, Mitsubishi, DAF.
Concerned disciplines
Economics, Ergonomics, Management, Geography, History, History of Sciences and Technologies, Engineering, Cognitive sciences, Sociology.
Writing context
References, commentaries, critics
“This book -- a careful selection of well informed and provoking papers -- provides a solid basis for a reassessment of the socio-technical experiments at the Uddevalla plant and for a critical debate of the lean production system in industry.”
Prof. Dr. Frieder Naschold
“This volume should come to represent a classic for all those interested in different national and international trajectories of work and design in industry.”
Alan Jenkins, in Organization Studies
“An invaluable aspect of Sandberg’s book is the wealth of comparative information, not only about other Volvo plants in Sweden, but also with regard to those in the UK, Belgium, the Netherlands, Malaysia and Canada. … this invaluable collection of readings raises a wide range of additional questions which takes the critical debate about lean production significantly further. Its message is not only of relevance to academics, and managers unconvinced by the evangelical enthusiasm of many advocates of lean production, but also to those trade unions which are keen to preserve their independence through the development of new bargaining strategies in the face of an onslaught of new management techniques.”
Dave Beale, in Industrial Relations Journal
“… this is an important book and one to be read by academics and practitioners alike. Although it appears as a narrative relating to a single company, it goes beyond this; asking what it is we seek from work reforms.”
Peter Cressey, in New Technology, Work and Employment
“This book closes the chapter on Uddevalla’s heroic experiment. It helps the sympathetic reader understand what really happened there, and it draws out the positive lessons of Uddevalla for the very unfinished chapter of ongoing worldwide production and work reorganization in today’s turbulent markets.”
Lowell Turner, in Industrial and Labour Relations Review
“…essential reading for all those interested in the auto industry and the challenging innovations associated with Volvo.”
Russel Lansbury, in Economic and Industrial Democracy
“…detailed and compelling…Enriching Production provides researchers with a very deep vein of information and analysis.”
Steve Babson, in Work and Occupations
“This is a valuable collection…for researchers in this area, and for those who teach in the field, this is a useful addition to the literature.”
Human Resource Management Journal
“By its rich content, Enriching production is a good vehicle for keeping the discourse on alternative production systems rolling; and on the road”
Lars Normann Mikkelsen, in Acta Sociologica
Curent relevance
See also
✔ Freyssenet M., “La production réflexive, une alternative à la production de masse et à la production au plus juste?”, Sociologie du Travail, n°3/1995, pp 365-388. Édition numérique, freyssenet.com, 2007, 320 ko, ISSN 1776-0941. Version modifiée et augmentée en anglais : Freyssenet M., “Reflective production: an alternative to mass-production and lean production?”, Economic and Industrial Democracy, vol. 19, n°1, february 1998, pp 91-117. Digital publication, freyssenet.com , 2006, 280 Ko, ISSN 7116-0941.
✔ Charron E., Freyssenet M., “L’usine d’Uddevalla dans la trajectoire de Volvo”, Actes du GERPISA, n°9, mars 1994, pp 161-183. Éditions numériques, gerpisa.univ-evry.fr, 2001, 88 Ko; freyssenet.com , 2006, 1 Mo. Version en espagnol, Charron E., Freyssenet M., “La ‘produccion reflexiva’ en la fabrica Volvo de Uddevalla”, Sociologia del trabajo, 1996, 27, pp 103-129.
✔ Charron E., Freyssenet M., “L’usine d’Uddevalla dans la trajectoire de Volvo, annexe photographique”, Actes du GERPISA, n°9, mars 1994, pp 161-183. Édition numérique, freyssenet.com , 2006, 10,4 Mo.
✔ Freyssenet M., L’usine sans chaînes. Volvo Uddevalla. Diaporama. 63 photos. Édition numérique, freyssenet.com, 2006, 13,7 Mo.
Last presentation page updating
2007.03.14
Date of the putting on line of the downloadable book
2007.03.18, Sandberg Å. (ed.), Enriching Production. Perspectives on Volvo’s Uddevalla plant as an alternative to lean production, Avebury, Aldershot (UK), 1995, 459 p. Digital edition, New Preface, Åke Sandberg, Stockholm, 2007. Édition numérique, freyssenet.com, 2007, 5,7 Mo, ISSN 7116-0941.
1995
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10785/1/MPRA_paper_10785.pdf
Sandberg, Åke (1995): Enriching Production: Perspectives on Volvo's Uddevalla plant as an alternative to lean production. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11425
2019-09-26T17:15:18Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
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https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11425/
Absenteeism and Peer Interaction Effects: Evidence from an Italian Public Institute
De Paola, Maria
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
M50 - General
Using microdata on a sample of about 350 workers, employed at an Italian public institute, we explain individual absence rates both considering variables that may be related to health conditions and to variables that may suggest shirking behaviour. Among these variables we especially focus our attention on the influence produced by the behaviour of randomly assigned peers. To handle reflection problems we use the proportion of females in the peer group as instrument of peer absence behaviour. From Two-Stage least square estimates it emerges that social and group interactions play an important role in shaping individual absence behaviour.
2008-10-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11425/1/MPRA_paper_11425.pdf
De Paola, Maria (2008): Absenteeism and Peer Interaction Effects: Evidence from an Italian Public Institute.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11438
2019-10-01T04:53:51Z
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7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D44:4438
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https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11438/
Consolidation of the Financing Decision on the Microeconomic Level
Dobrota, Gabriela
Chirculescu, Felicia
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
The determination of financial structure represents an important decision within the domain of financial policy of the enterprise aiming to the combination of used resources on a reduction background relating to the fiancing costs. The financing decision shall not entirely depend on the enterprise, its objectives, its anticipated profitability or the risks it consents to bear, but it shall be influenced by shareholders, banks, state, and the way in which the economic mechanisms are functioning at the regional, national and global level.
The economic and political situation recorded in Romania in the period following the year 1990 affected the economic and financial relations of Romanian enterprises.
Within the essay, there are distinguished issues relating to the importance of the choosing decision for the enterprise financial structure, as well as the need for the strengthening of the financing decision within the train of events displayed by the market it acts on. A series of factors regarding the environment such as the inflation, the monetary policy, the exchange rate, the fiscality degree, and so on, exerted notable influences on the financing decision on the microeconomic level.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11438/1/MPRA_paper_11438.pdf
Dobrota, Gabriela and Chirculescu, Felicia (2007): Consolidation of the Financing Decision on the Microeconomic Level. Published in: The Annals of University of Oradea , Vol. 2, No. 16 (June 2007): pp. 288-292.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11440
2019-10-12T17:00:30Z
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7375626A656374733D46:4631:463136
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https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11440/
Workforce Occupancy – Essential Indicator within the Analysis of the Country Economic Development
Dobrota, Gabriela
Busan, Gabriela
Chirculescu, Felicia Maria
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J01 - Labor Economics: General
M54 - Labor Management
K31 - Labor Law
The level of economic development of county and it’s capacity to provide jobs reflects important issues which could be measured in line with the occupancy degree of the workforce. In the context of our county’s accession to the European Union, Romania should pursue a sustainable economic growth which would further generate high quality jobs in an increasing proportion.
The reorganization process of Romanian economy should run parallel to active measures on labour market intended for the young people and the long-term unemployed, countryside inhabitants and people working in agriculture.
The paper exhibits issues related to the distribution of the occupied population within activity domains and the evolution of the unemployment rate which relieves the direct relation between the development level of Romanian economy, the occupancy rate and the professional qualification of the workforce.
2007-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11440/2/MPRA_paper_11440.pdf
Dobrota, Gabriela and Busan, Gabriela and Chirculescu, Felicia Maria (2007): Workforce Occupancy – Essential Indicator within the Analysis of the Country Economic Development. Forthcoming in: International Symposium Economy, Society, Civilization
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11649
2019-10-09T16:42:55Z
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7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3333
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11649/
Is Cross-listing Associated with Stronger Executive Incentives? Evidence from China
Chi, Wei
Zhang, Haiyan
J33 - Compensation Packages ; Payment Methods
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
This study examines whether firms incorporated in mainland China benefit from cross-listing in Hong Kong, China. The Hong Kong Stock Market has more stringent governance rules and a better investor protection than the mainland market. Hong Kong companies generally provide strong incentives to executives via equity-based compensation. Have cross-listed companies learned from Hong Kong local firms in adopting strong executive incentives? The evidence from this study suggests that top executive compensation of cross-listed firms is more sensitive to sales growth than mainland firms without cross-listing. However, compared to that of Hong Kong firms, executive pay of cross-listed firms are less sensitive to stock returns. Further study shows that it is necessary to differentiate state and non-state companies among the cross-listed firms, as they exhibit different patterns of executive incentives.
2008-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11649/1/MPRA_paper_11649.pdf
Chi, Wei and Zhang, Haiyan (2008): Is Cross-listing Associated with Stronger Executive Incentives? Evidence from China.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11764
2019-09-26T19:06:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A37:4A3731
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11764/
The Use of Informal Networks in Italian Labor Markets: Efficiency or Favoritisms?
Ponzo, Michela
Scoppa, Vincenzo
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J71 - Discrimination
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
A number of papers considers the use of informal networks (the help of relatives, friends and acquaintances) to find an employment as an efficient mechanism to match workers to jobs. However, evidence in Italy shows that informal networks tend to be used more in less productive jobs and less developed regions. We aim to show that informal networks – rather than being an efficient channel of information transmission – may interfere with a genuine process of selection of workers, favoring socially connected people in place of more talented workers. Using the Bank of Italy Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) we estimate with a Probit model the determinants of the probability of using informal networks. We find that informal networks tend to be used by low educated individuals, in low productivity jobs, in high unemployment areas, where opportunistic behavior are widespread and in jobs paying a wage rent. We offer a stripped-down model of nepotism to explain theoretically these findings.
2008-10-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11764/1/MPRA_paper_11764.pdf
Ponzo, Michela and Scoppa, Vincenzo (2008): The Use of Informal Networks in Italian Labor Markets: Efficiency or Favoritisms?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12173
2019-10-05T09:37:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433233
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473332
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12173/
IDE et retards d'investissement de l'entreprise domestique au Sénégal : une solution par la gouvernance d'entreprise
Sene, Serigne Moustapha
O55 - Africa
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
C23 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure ; Value of Firms ; Goodwill
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
This paper focuses on agency theory to explain investment behavior difference between private domestic and foreign in Senegalese industry. We put domestic companies into two groups with regard to managerial ownership and institutional ownership. An augmented accelerator model with demand uncertainty is used for that purpose. Empirical checkings have been performed using in panel of 187 firms. The results reveal that investment sensibility to uncertainty, sales and free cash flow is higher in foreign firms. Considering the efforts made by these firms in developing countries to meet international standards, our second area of research proposes managerial ownership to mitigate investment delays of domestic firms. It is showed that domestic firms can benefit from a high sensibility to uncertainty, be less financially constrained and less subject to underinvestment (due to manager extraction funds). A reduction of behavioral delays could be reached via optimal managerial ownership (within 5%-25%); none institutional ownership also improve domestic firms investment.
2008-01-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12173/1/MPRA_paper_12173.pdf
Sene, Serigne Moustapha (2008): IDE et retards d'investissement de l'entreprise domestique au Sénégal : une solution par la gouvernance d'entreprise.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12182
2019-09-28T04:43:06Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12182/
Motivace a příprava studentů oborů cestovního ruchu na su opf v karviné pro potřeby trhu práce
Kostková, Miroslava
Wilczková, Marta
A20 - General
I20 - General
M50 - General
Professional training of students and their job start becomes the most important factor of business competition and enterprise development in the tourism sector. Paper deals with particular outputs of research on students of SU OPF in Karviná, public institutions and prospective employers. Research is linked to international research of tourism study students in Slovakia, Poland,
Serbia and Montenegro, which was focused on professional training of tourism studies students. The papers aim is presentation of the university education experiences in the field of satisfaction of labor market needs.
2007-09-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12182/1/MPRA_paper_12182.pdf
Kostková, Miroslava and Wilczková, Marta (2007): Motivace a příprava studentů oborů cestovního ruchu na su opf v karviné pro potřeby trhu práce. Published in: Academic International Conference - Increasing Competitiveness or Regional, National and International Markets Development - New Challenges (September 2007)
cs
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12986
2019-09-26T22:37:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12986/
Study Regarding the Increasing of Human Resource Quality in Academic Activity
Mihaescu, Diana
Mihaescu, Liviu
Andrei, Olivia
Bologa, Lia
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
M54 - Labor Management
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
The life of any organization is not only manifested through its activities, but also by subjective states that its members live and shape its human dimension. Involved in carrying out different activities, the TTD’s academic human resource interact and cooperate, their work is accompanied by all kinds of experiences: dissatisfaction-satisfaction, happiness-sadness, confidence-deterrence, etc. These states are the subjective dimension of work, influencing, at a high level, the overall condition and the smooth running of the organization, its performance.
2008-12-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12986/1/MPRA_paper_12986.pdf
Mihaescu, Diana and Mihaescu, Liviu and Andrei, Olivia and Bologa, Lia (2008): Study Regarding the Increasing of Human Resource Quality in Academic Activity.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13428
2019-09-26T17:13:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D43:4339:433931
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13428/
Rank expectations, feedback and social hierarchies
Kuhnen, Camelia M.
Tymula, Agnieszka
M54 - Labor Management
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
We develop and test experimentally a theoretical model of the role of self-esteem, generated by private feedback regarding relative performance, on the behavior of agents working on an effort provision task for a flat wage. Agents work harder and expect to rank better when they are told they may learn their ranking, relative to cases when they are told feedback will not be provided. Individuals who learn that they have ranked better than expected decrease their output but expect an even better rank in the future, while those who were told they ranked worse than expected increase their output and at the same time lower their rank expectations going forward. These effects are stronger in earlier rounds of the task, while subjects learn how they compare to their peers. This rank hierarchy is established early on, and remains relatively stable afterwards. Private relative rank information helps create a ratcheting effect in the group's average output, which is mainly due to the fight for dominance at the top of the hierarchy. Hence, in environments where monetary incentives are weak, moral hazard may be mitigated by providing feedback to agents regarding their relative performance, and by optimally choosing the reference peer group.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13428/1/MPRA_paper_13428.pdf
Kuhnen, Camelia M. and Tymula, Agnieszka (2008): Rank expectations, feedback and social hierarchies.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13457
2013-02-11T10:30:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443832
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13457/
Contracting Under Reciprocal Altruism
Shchetinin, Oleg
M54 - Labor Management
D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information ; Mechanism Design
C72 - Noncooperative Games
I develop a model of contracting under reciprocal altruism accounting for some evidence which is paradoxical from the point of view of neoclassical models with selfish actors. My model predicts the crowding-out effect observed in the Trust Game with the possibility of a fine; for the Control Game the model predicts that an equilibrium can exhibit "no effect of control", "hidden cost of control", or "positive effect of control", depending on the characteristics of the actors, as observed in the lab. This suggests that reciprocal altruism modeling could be fruitful more generally in applications of contract theory.
2009-02-16
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
Shchetinin, Oleg (2009): Contracting Under Reciprocal Altruism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13998
2019-09-28T23:57:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A38
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13998/
Řízení kulturní rozmanitosti ve Střední Evropě na příkladu České Republiky, Polska a Slovenska
Mizia, Cezary Andrzej
F22 - International Migration
J8 - Labor Standards: National and International
M54 - Labor Management
Paper tries to characterize sociological and psychological aspects of directing multicultural differences in the environment of the business and particularly refers to international companies where required for cooperation of managers proceeding from different national and cultural backgrounds. In the great part this paper refers also the negotiations with partners from other cultures. The managing human sources in the case of multicultural environment demands from management and wokers high mobility and raising up the culture of the companies for equalling of call of the effective cooperation. Cultural differences among each persons or with groups need not be perceived as a hindrance but the wealth of the firm. One of the greatest barriers of the communication in the multicultural environment are stereotypes.
2008-05-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13998/1/MPRA_paper_13998.pdf
Mizia, Cezary Andrzej (2008): Řízení kulturní rozmanitosti ve Střední Evropě na příkladu České Republiky, Polska a Slovenska. Published in: Čtyři roky členství zemí střední a východní Evropy v Evropské unii: důsledky a nové výzvy pro národní a regionální trhy práce. Mezinárodní vědecká konference Karviná, 14.-16. května 2008 (14 May 2008): pp. 531-538.
cs
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14167
2019-09-30T10:44:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14167/
Rewarding Carrots & Crippling Sticks: Eliciting Employee Preferences for the Optimal Incentive Mix in Europe
Pouliakas, Konstantinos
Theodossiou, Ioannis
C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
M54 - Labor Management
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
J33 - Compensation Packages ; Payment Methods
A ranking of a variety of incentive devices used by firms according to their perceived effectiveness by employees is identified. The determinants of employee incentive preferences are also investigated, suggesting a ‘menu’ of conditions under which an organization’s personnel policies will have maximum motivational impact on its workforce. Based on the beliefs of a unique sample of workers from seven European countries, the results suggest that (a) the primary determinant of the level of employee effort is the amount of discretion offered at work; (b) pay incentives and ‘gift exchanges’ are the most important motivators; (c) the use of monitoring and Taylor-type assembly lines are the least effective incentives; and (d) the optimal design of incentive strategies by firms is strongly shaped by a host of contextual factors. The expressed desire for autonomy, and distaste for control, by employees gives credibility to the “participative” management approach.
2009-03-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14167/1/MPRA_paper_14167.pdf
Pouliakas, Konstantinos and Theodossiou, Ioannis (2009): Rewarding Carrots & Crippling Sticks: Eliciting Employee Preferences for the Optimal Incentive Mix in Europe.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14203
2019-09-26T22:08:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14203/
Capacidades y prácticas empresariales como mecanismo de aprendizaje organizacional y su aplicación a la gestión del Personal: Caso Multinacionales
Cerna, Luis Guillermo
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
M1 - Business Administration
M5 - Personnel Economics
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
The most important benefit of this investigation is the identification of the best capacities and managerial practices, used by multinational companies on the global economic market, in its application as a mechanism of learning and management of personnel. This study defines the spectrum of universal managerial practices and investigates the capacities that are related with the management of the business. The proposed models ([4cC] managerial management and [4cP] management of personnel) have been empirically validated under the theory of resources and capacities. The empirical multivariate analysis and the demonstration of the raised hypotheses, indicates that if these managerial practices are applied consistently with the resources and capacities of the organization (internal adjustment) and they are congruent to the strategy of the business (external adjustment), they create dynamics and interdependency with the capacity of management of personnel, through processes of continuous learning, resulting in positive organizational impacts.
2008-05-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14203/1/MPRA_paper_14203.pdf
Cerna, Luis Guillermo (2008): Capacidades y prácticas empresariales como mecanismo de aprendizaje organizacional y su aplicación a la gestión del Personal: Caso Multinacionales.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14462
2019-09-27T16:35:49Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14462/
Atypical Work and Employment Regulations: A Comparison of Right-to-Work to Closed-Shop States
Surfield, Christopher
Welch, William
J40 - General
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
J50 - General
Atypical work forms – such as independent contracting, on-call, or temporary work – have been criticized as providing employment that is more precarious than that offered by regular (open-ended) employment. One of the concerns attached to these work forms is that they allow employers to evade labor market protections afforded to regular workers. In such cases, we might be expected to see a greater prevalence of atypical workers in those states with greater labor market protections. We test for this possibility using Current Population Survey data from 1995 to 2005. Our results would suggest that at least one form of atypical work – contracting and consulting work – is less likely to be observed in right-to-work states after controlling for state-level characteristics.
2009-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14462/1/MPRA_paper_14462.pdf
Surfield, Christopher and Welch, William (2009): Atypical Work and Employment Regulations: A Comparison of Right-to-Work to Closed-Shop States.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14570
2019-09-27T06:49:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443436
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4730
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14570/
Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
D40 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
D46 - Value Theory
M41 - Accounting
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G0 - General
M21 - Business Economics
This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income,
originally introduced by Magni (2000a, 2000b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the capital implicitly infused into the business, (c) the outstanding capital of a shadow project, (d) the claimholders' credit. Relations of the lost capital with book values and market values are studied, as well as relations of the lost-capital residual income with the classical standard paradigm; many appealing properties are derived, among which a property of earnings aggregation. Different concepts and results, provided by different authors in such different fields as
economic theory, management accounting and corporate finance, are considered: O'Hanlon and Peasnell's (2002) unrecovered capital and Excess Value Created; Ohlson's (2005) Abnormal Earnings Growth; O'Byrne's (1997) EVA improvement; Miller and Modigliani's (1961) investment opportunities approach to valuation; Young and O'Byrne's (2001) Adjusted EVA; Keynes's (1936) user cost; Drukarczyk and Schueler's (2000) Net Economic Income,
Fernandez's (2002) Created Shareholder Value, Anthony's (1975) profit. They are all conveniently reinterpreted within the theoretical domain of the lost-capital paradigm and conjoined in a unified view. The results found make this new theoretical approach a good candidate for firm valuation, incentive compensation, capital budgeting decision-making
2007-11-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14570/1/MPRA_paper_14570.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15041
2019-09-26T23:10:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443631
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433733
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15041/
Self-Interest, Incentives and the Decision-Making
Steinbacher, Matjaz
D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
C73 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games ; Evolutionary Games ; Repeated Games
Paper analyzes the impact of incentives and disincentives on the decision-making of individuals. Their role in the decision-making processes is huge, as they affect the cost-benefit analysis of investment projects of scarce resources. They both are subject of huge negative effects. A hidden trap of providing incentives is represented by costs any such activity involves, with coercive subsidies having socialized costs for the benefits of individuals. This makes them very dangerous and controversial.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15041/1/MPRA_paper_15041.pdf
Steinbacher, Matjaz (2009): Self-Interest, Incentives and the Decision-Making.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15302
2019-09-27T08:08:57Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15302/
Ownership, Performance and Executive Turnover
Chi, Wei
Wang, Yijiang
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
To better understand the relationship between different types of firm ownership and management turnover, this study classifies ownership along two dimensions: the type of owner and the concentration of ownership. Within this framework, a unique data set is used to study the impact of management turnover on a company’s performance. This study, in addition to confirming some of the results from previous studies, includes interesting and important new results. Most importantly, it finds evidence that the sensitivity of CEO turnover to performance is weaker in state-controlled firms than in non-state firms, and varies according to different subtypes of private ownership. We also demonstrate that the turnover–performance relationship is curvilinear in ownership concentration, but that this relationship moves in opposite directions under state and private ownership. Important policy implications of these findings are discussed.
2007-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15302/1/MPRA_paper_15302.pdf
Chi, Wei and Wang, Yijiang (2007): Ownership, Performance and Executive Turnover.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15430
2019-09-28T18:58:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443832
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15430/
Contracting Under Reciprocal Altruism
Shchetinin, Oleg
M54 - Labor Management
D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information ; Mechanism Design
C72 - Noncooperative Games
I develop a model of contracting under reciprocal altruism accounting for some evidence which is paradoxical from the point of view of neoclassical models with selfish actors. My model predicts the crowding-out effect observed in the Trust Game with the possibility of a fine; for the Control Game the model predicts that an equilibrium can exhibit "no effect of control", "hidden cost of control", or "positive effect of control", depending on the characteristics of the actors, as observed in the lab. This suggests that reciprocal altruism modeling could be fruitful more generally in applications of contract theory.
2009-02-16
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15430/2/MPRA_paper_15430.pdf
Shchetinin, Oleg (2009): Contracting Under Reciprocal Altruism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15476
2019-10-02T16:50:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3632
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3238
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15476/
On-the-job Search in Italian Labour Markets: An Empirical Analysis
Ponzo, Michela
J62 - Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility
J28 - Safety ; Job Satisfaction ; Related Public Policy
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
This paper analyses the determinants of on-the-job search activities of Italian workers. On-the-job search is a good indicator of labour turnover, overcoming the limitations due to a lack of adequate data about labour turnover. Using several waves of the Bank of Italy Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) we estimate with a Probit model how individual socio-demographic characteristics and economic variables affect the probability of on-the-job search. We find that the probability of being engaged in job-search activities is higher for males, when wage is lower, for workers with low tenure and higher levels of education and for residents in large cities. Public sector workers show a considerable lower probability of on-the-job search, suggesting higher satisfaction on the job. White-Collars and Teachers search much less than Blue-Collars. The number of job held and the average number of hours worked per week are important factors that increase the probability of on-the-job search. Married women and women with children are less likely to be looking for an alternative employment.
2009-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15476/1/MPRA_paper_15476.pdf
Ponzo, Michela (2009): On-the-job Search in Italian Labour Markets: An Empirical Analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15615
2019-09-27T06:24:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3038
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3535
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15615/
Dispelling Some Myths About Offshoring
Harrison, Ann E.
McMillan, Margaret S.
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices
Critics of globalization claim that firms are being driven to shift employment abroad by the prospects of
cheaper labor. Yet the evidence for this, beyond anecdotes, is slim. In this article, we review evidence on
whether firms that do business in foreign countries are substituting foreign for domestic labor. We review
the results of previous studies and present new firm-level evidence showing that, in fact, increases in
employment in low-income countries do hurt employment at home. The premise that foreign expansion of
U.S. multinationals encourages employment at home is a myth, but the domestic employment costs of
offshoring are probably fairly small in magnitude.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15615/1/MPRA_paper_15615.pdf
Harrison, Ann E. and McMillan, Margaret S. (2006): Dispelling Some Myths About Offshoring. Published in: Academy of Management Perspectives , Vol. 20, No. 4 (November 2006): pp. 6-22.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15819
2019-09-26T18:12:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3833
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15819/
Are Subjective Evaluations Biased by Social Factors or Connections? An Econometric Analysis of Soccer Referee Decisions
Scoppa, Vincenzo
L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
M50 - General
Many incentive contracts are based on subjective evaluations and contractual disputes depend on judges’ decisions. However, subjective evaluations raise risks of favouritism and distortions. Sport contests are a fruitful field for testing empirically theories of incentives. In this paper the behaviour of the referees in the Italian soccer (football) league (“Serie A”) is analyzed. Using data on injury (or extra) time subjectively assigned by the referee at the end of the match and controlling for factors which may influence it (players substitutions, yellow and red cards, penalty kicks, etc.), we show that referees are biased in favour of home team, in that injury time is significantly greater if home teams are losing. The refereeing bias increases greatly when there is no running track in the stadium and the crowd is close to the pitch. Following the 2006 “Serie A” scandal we test whether favouritism emerges towards teams suspected of connections with referees finding that these teams obtain favourable decisions. Social pressure by the crowd attending the match however appears to be the main cause of favouritism.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15819/1/MPRA_paper_15819.pdf
Scoppa, Vincenzo (2008): Are Subjective Evaluations Biased by Social Factors or Connections? An Econometric Analysis of Soccer Referee Decisions.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16422
2019-10-01T18:57:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443831
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D44:4437
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513334
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463531
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16422/
Role thinking: Standing in other people’s shoes to forecast decisions in conflicts
Green, Kesten C.
Armstrong, J. Scott
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
D7 - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
Q34 - Natural Resources and Domestic and International Conflicts
F51 - International Conflicts ; Negotiations ; Sanctions
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
Better forecasts of decisions in conflict situations, such as occur in business, politics, and war, can help protagonists achieve better outcomes. It is common advice to “stand in the other person’s shoes” when involved in a conflict, a procedure we refer to as “role thinking.” We tested this advice in order to assess the extent to which it can improve accuracy. Improvement in accuracy is important because prior research found that unaided judgment produced forecasts that were little better than guessing. We obtained 101 role-thinking forecasts from 27 Naval postgraduate students (experts) and 107 role-thinking forecasts from 103 second-year organizational behavior students (novices) of the decisions that would be made in nine diverse conflicts. The accuracy of the forecasts from the novices was 33% and of those from the experts 31%. The accuracy of the role-thinking forecasts was little different from chance, which was 28%. In contrast, when we asked groups of participants to each act as if they were in the shoes one of the protagonists, accuracy was 60%.
2009-05-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16422/1/MPRA_paper_16422.pdf
Green, Kesten C. and Armstrong, J. Scott (2009): Role thinking: Standing in other people’s shoes to forecast decisions in conflicts.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16694
2019-09-26T22:58:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3431
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16694/
Shirking and Employment Protection Legislation: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Scoppa, Vincenzo
J41 - Labor Contracts
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
J50 - General
In 1990 a reform in Italy has modified the employment protection legislation for employees of small firms (with fewer than 16 employees) making much more costly for firms to dismiss workers, while leaving unchanged the employment protection in large firms. Using a sample of administrative data (WHIP) from National Institute of Social Security we compare absenteeism rates (used as a proxy of shirking) in small and in large firms in the years just before (1989) and after (1991) the reform, with a difference-in-differences estimator. In line with theoretical predictions, we find a strong increase (around 18%) in shirking of workers employed in small firms after the increase in dismissal costs. This finding is robust to alternative definitions of small firm and to different time periods.
2008-10-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16694/1/MPRA_paper_16694.pdf
Scoppa, Vincenzo (2008): Shirking and Employment Protection Legislation: Evidence from a Natural Experiment.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16858
2019-09-29T02:11:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3435
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3431
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16858/
Worker Absenteeism and Incentives: Evidence from Italy
Scoppa, Vincenzo
J45 - Public Sector Labor Markets
J41 - Labor Contracts
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
C21 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models ; Quantile Regressions
In Italy employees are fully insured against earning losses due to illness. Since worker’s health is not easily verifiable, absenteeism due to illness is considered an empirical proxy for employee shirking. The Bank of Italy Household Survey (SHIW) provides individual data on days of absence. Controlling for personal characteristics and potential determinants of health status and family responsibilities (age, gender, education, marital status, children at home) we show that the nature of employment contracts affects workers’ incentives to provide effort: sickness absences, at least partially, hide opportunistic behaviours. The type of occupation and the labour contracts affects workers’ behaviour in that more protected and difficult to monitor jobs show significantly higher levels of absenteeism: employees in public sector or in large firms, with permanent contracts or with longer tenure, individuals living in regions with low unemployment rates.
2008-11-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16858/1/MPRA_paper_16858.pdf
Scoppa, Vincenzo (2008): Worker Absenteeism and Incentives: Evidence from Italy.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17020
2019-09-28T18:22:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17020/
Are Union Members Happy Workers after All? Evidence from Eastern and Western European Labor Markets
Georgellis, Yannis
Lange, Thomas
M54 - Labor Management
J5 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
Based on data from the European Values Study (EVS), we compare the determinants of job satisfaction and the impact of union membership in Eastern and Western European labor
markets. Correcting our regressions for union endogeneity and controlling for individual characteristics, values and beliefs, and important aspects of a job, we find a positive association between unionization and job satisfaction. This is contrary to the dominant view of the impact of unionization on job satisfaction suggesting that there is a strong, negative relationship between the two variables. We also uncover distinct attitudinal differences between Eastern and Western European employees, highlighting persistent influences of former communist labor relations.
2009-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17020/1/MPRA_paper_17020.pdf
Georgellis, Yannis and Lange, Thomas (2009): Are Union Members Happy Workers after All? Evidence from Eastern and Western European Labor Markets.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17281
2019-09-26T15:26:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17281/
The Use of Informal Networks in Italy: Efficiency or Favoritism?
Ponzo, Michela
Scoppa, Vincenzo
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
A large body of literature considers the advantages of using informal networks to match workers to jobs. However, family ties may interfere with a genuine process of worker selection, favoring people with connections over more talented workers. We offer a simple model of favoritism to explain these risks and show firms’ trade-off in using informal channels. We then investigate empirically the determinants and consequences of using informal networks in Italy by using the Bank of Italy Survey. We find that informal networks tend to be used by low educated individuals, in small firms, in low productivity jobs and in less developed regions. Finally, we show that informal networks have a negative impact on wages, controlling for individual and firm characteristics.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17281/1/MPRA_paper_17281.pdf
Ponzo, Michela and Scoppa, Vincenzo (2009): The Use of Informal Networks in Italy: Efficiency or Favoritism?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17417
2019-10-02T09:36:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17417/
In search of the "lost capital". A theory for valuation, investment decisions, performance measurement
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
M40 - General
G30 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
M41 - Accounting
This paper presents a theoretical framework for valuation, investment decisions, and performance measurement
based on a nonstandard theory of residual income. It is derived from the notion of "unrecovered" capital, which is here named "lost" capital because it represents the capital foregone by the investors. Its theoretical strength and meaningfulness is shown by deriving it from four main perspectives: financial, microeconomic, axiomatic, accounting. Implications for asset valuation, capital budgeting and performance measurement are investigated. In particular: an aggregation property is shown, which makes
the simple average residual income play a major role in valuation; a dual relation between the standard
theory and the lost-capital theory is proved, clarifying the way periodic performance is computed in the
two paradigms and the rationale for measuring performance with either paradigm; the average accounting rate of return is shown to be more reliable than the internal rate of return as a capital budgeting criterion, and maximization of the average residual income is shown to be equivalent to maximization of Net Present Value (NPV). Two metrics are also presented: one enjoys the nice property of robust goal
congruence irrespective of the sign of the cash flows; the other one enjoys periodic consistency in the
sense of Egginton (1995). The results obtained suggest that this theory might prove useful for real-life applications in firm valuation, capital budgeting decision-making, ex ante and ex post performance measurement, incentive compensation. A numerical example illustrates the implementation of the paradigm to the EVA model and the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson model.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17417/2/MPRA_paper_17417.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): In search of the "lost capital". A theory for valuation, investment decisions, performance measurement.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17538
2019-09-26T16:36:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473131
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473331
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17538/
In search of the "lost capital". A theory for valuation, investment decisions, performance measurement
Magni, Carlo Alberto
G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions
G31 - Capital Budgeting ; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies ; Capacity
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
M40 - General
G30 - General
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
M41 - Accounting
This paper presents a theoretical framework for valuation, investment decisions, and performance measurement
based on a nonstandard theory of residual income. It is derived from the notion of "unrecovered" capital, which is here named "lost" capital because it represents the capital foregone by the investors. Its theoretical strength and meaningfulness is shown by deriving it from four main perspectives: financial, microeconomic, axiomatic, accounting. Implications for asset valuation, capital budgeting and performance measurement are investigated. In particular: an aggregation property is shown, which makes
the simple average residual income play a major role in valuation; a dual relation between the standard
theory and the lost-capital theory is proved, clarifying the way periodic performance is computed in the
two paradigms and the rationale for measuring performance with either paradigm; the average accounting rate of return is shown to be more reliable than the internal rate of return as a capital budgeting criterion, and maximization of the average residual income is shown to be equivalent to maximization of Net Present Value (NPV). Two metrics are also presented: one enjoys the nice property of robust goal
congruence irrespective of the sign of the cash flows; the other one enjoys periodic consistency in the
sense of Egginton (1995). The results obtained suggest that this theory might prove useful for real-life applications in firm valuation, capital budgeting decision-making, ex ante and ex post performance measurement, incentive compensation. A numerical example illustrates the implementation of the paradigm to the EVA model and the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson model.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17538/1/MPRA_paper_17538.pdf
Magni, Carlo Alberto (2007): In search of the "lost capital". A theory for valuation, investment decisions, performance measurement.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17670
2019-09-27T02:42:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443836
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3431
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3434
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3535
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17670/
Multi-Tasking vs. Screening: A Model of Academic Tenure
Kou, Zonglai
Zhou, Min
D86 - Economics of Contract: Theory
J41 - Labor Contracts
J44 - Professional Labor Markets ; Occupational Licensing
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices
The paper develops a model of academic tenure based on multi-tasking and screening. A professor has two tasks, researching and teaching. We assume that researching performance is easy to measure but teaching performance is immeasurable. Then Holmtrom and Milgrom's (1991) classical muli-task principal-agent model implies that the only way for the the university to "incentivize" teaching activity is decreasing the incentive power to researching activity. This justifies the low-powered contract to tenured professors. However, with low-powered contract, the university will face serious informational problem in the process of enrollment, either transferring rents to the candidates with low ability if the wage level is high, or suffering from the potential occupational vacancy if the wage level is low. To this dilemma, the up-or-out contract is a possible solution.
2009-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17670/1/MPRA_paper_17670.pdf
Kou, Zonglai and Zhou, Min (2009): Multi-Tasking vs. Screening: A Model of Academic Tenure.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17712
2019-10-02T12:45:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493238
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17712/
Does the Journal Impact Factor help make a Good Indicator of Academic Performance?
Mishra, SK
A23 - Graduate
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
I28 - Government Policy
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
After the notification of the University Grants Commission (Minimum Qualifications for Appointment of Teachers and other Academic Staff in Universities and Colleges and Measures for the Maintenance of Standards in Higher Education) Regulations, 2009 on September 23rd 2009, publication of research papers/articles in reputed journals has become an important factor in assessment of the academic performance of teachers in colleges and universities in India. One of the measures of reputation and academic standard (rank or importance) of a journal is the so-called ‘Impact Factor.’
This study makes a detailed analysis of Journal Impact Factors across the disciplines. It finds that if journal impact factor is used to assess the academic performance of individuals (for the purpose of selection, promotion, etc) and it is not borne in mind that due to vast differences in the nature of distribution of impact factors across the disciplines they are not justifiably comparable, a below average scholar in the one discipline (wherein the journal impact factor is negatively skewed) will rank higher and will be honored (and benefitted) more than another scholar in some other discipline (wherein the journal impact factor is positively skewed). It may be noted that in the university departments there are specializations with low impact factor journals and other specializations with very high impact factor journals. But the teachers/researchers of different specializations in the departments compete with each other for promotion. Whether the researchers with an unfortunate specialization (wherein the journal impact factor is positively skewed) receive justice on such criteria remains an open question.
2009-10-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17712/1/MPRA_paper_17712.pdf
Mishra, SK (2009): Does the Journal Impact Factor help make a Good Indicator of Academic Performance?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17830
2019-09-26T13:45:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413233
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493233
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493238
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17830/
Does the Journal Impact Factor help make a Good Indicator of Academic Performance?
Mishra, SK
A23 - Graduate
I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions
I28 - Government Policy
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
After the notification of the University Grants Commission (Minimum Qualifications for Appointment of Teachers and other Academic Staff in Universities and Colleges and Measures for the Maintenance of Standards in Higher Education) Regulations, 2009 on September 23rd 2009, publication of research papers/articles in reputed journals has become an important factor in assessment of the academic performance of teachers in colleges and universities in India. One of the measures of reputation and academic standard (rank or importance) of a journal is the so-called ‘Impact Factor.’
This study makes a detailed statistical analysis of Journal Impact Factors across the disciplines. It finds that if journal impact factor is used to assess the academic performance of individuals (for the purpose of selection, promotion, etc) and it is not borne in mind that due to vast differences in the nature of distribution of impact factors across the disciplines they are not justifiably comparable, a below average scholar in the one discipline will rank higher and will be honored (and benefitted) more than another scholar in some other discipline (wherein the journal impact factor is adversely skew). It may be noted that in the university departments there are specializations with low impact factor journals and other specializations with very high impact factor journals. But the teachers/researchers of different specializations in the departments compete with each other for promotion. Whether the researchers with an unfortunate specialization (wherein the journal impact factor is adversely skewed) receive justice on such criteria remains an open question.
2009-10-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17830/1/MPRA_paper_17830.pdf
Mishra, SK (2009): Does the Journal Impact Factor help make a Good Indicator of Academic Performance?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18042
2019-09-30T09:21:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463136
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18042/
International Division of Labour and Intra-Trade
Broll, Udo
Gilroy, Bernard Michael
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
M5 - Personnel Economics
J5 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
The study suggests : an increase in the international division of labour according to the intra-trade scenario does not imply that nations have to negatively compete for high export quotas, rather their international interdependenee is highly beneficial for both world and domestic economic development. The international division of labour must not thus be a zero-sum game in which one land wins at the expense of another. It is much more the case that additional international transactions occur within industrial sector which lead to a more favourable economic development beneficial to all concerned.
1985
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18042/1/MPRA_paper_18042.pdf
Broll, Udo and Gilroy, Bernard Michael (1985): International Division of Labour and Intra-Trade.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18136
2019-09-26T23:03:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3833
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3535
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18136/
Franchise in Romanian tourism
Bunea-Bontaş, Cristina Aurora
Petre, Mihaela
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices
Both on national and international scale, tourism business is improving continuously, by adjusting to the tourists' demands, resulting in modification and adaptation of organization and association forms in this area. One of these is the franchise affiliation, an original way of doing business that combines the entrepreneurs interest in keeping their own undertaking with that belongs to a group with well-known brand which aims to expand on national and international market. This paper will discuss two important areas of the Romanian tourism industry in which franchise agreement is applied: travel agencies franchise and hotel franchise. On a national scale, franchise was adopted as an expanding strategy by the travel agencies, on one hand, notorious tour-operators that has accumulated know-how and has proven its successful applicability, and, on the other hand, small and medium entrepreneurs who saw in the franchise affiliation an opportunity to develop faster and more reliable business. Also, the Romanian hotel owners with financial resources have seen in hotel franchise an easier way to obtain higher profits. In today's competitive and global hotel market, being part of a group of hotels that share a recognized brand and provide quality services might mean the difference between financial success and failure.
2009-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18136/1/MPRA_paper_18136.pdf
Bunea-Bontaş, Cristina Aurora and Petre, Mihaela (2009): Franchise in Romanian tourism.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18759
2019-09-27T16:28:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443836
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18759/
"Endogenous" Relative Concerns: The Impact of Workers' Characteristics on Status and Pro ts in the Firm
Ramalingam, Abhijit
D86 - Economics of Contract: Theory
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
This paper explores the rationality of status concerns amongst co-workers and the impact of such rational status concerns on a firm's profits. We find that it is individually rational for agents in a firm to develop and exhibit status concerns. Workers are, by their choices of status concerns, able to transfer surplus from the the rm to themselves. Further, relative concerns are shaped by the relative strengths and weaknesses of the workers in the firm. Finally, a firm's profit is reduced (relative to the benchmark moral-hazard model) by workers who exhibit such "endogenous" relative concerns.
2009-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18759/1/MPRA_paper_18759.pdf
Ramalingam, Abhijit (2009): "Endogenous" Relative Concerns: The Impact of Workers' Characteristics on Status and Pro ts in the Firm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18826
2019-09-26T21:59:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3238
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3133
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18826/
Why do Employees Leave Their Jobs for Self-Employment? – The Impact of Entrepreneurial Working Conditions in Small Firms
Werner, Arndt
Moog, Petra
J28 - Safety ; Job Satisfaction ; Related Public Policy
M54 - Labor Management
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
M13 - New Firms ; Startups
C33 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
Based on the finding that entrepreneurs who found new firms tend to work as employees of small rather than large firms prior to start-up, we test how different working conditions, which enhance entrepreneurial learning, affect their decision to become entrepreneurs when moderated by firm size. Based on data of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), we find a significant relationship between entrepreneurial learning (extracted in an orthogonal factor analysis based on twelve working conditions as proxy for entrepreneurial human capital and work experience) and firm size when predicting the probability of leaving paid employment for self-employment. We think, that this is a special kind of knowledge spillover. We also control for other aspects such as gender, age, wage, etc. – factors that may potentially influence the decision to become self-employed. Thus, our analysis sheds new light onto the black box of SMEs as a hotbed of new start-ups.
2009-11-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18826/1/MPRA_paper_18826.pdf
Werner, Arndt and Moog, Petra (2009): Why do Employees Leave Their Jobs for Self-Employment? – The Impact of Entrepreneurial Working Conditions in Small Firms.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19241
2019-09-26T23:37:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3333
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19241/
Are Stronger Executive Incentives Associated with Cross-listing? Evidence from China
Chi, Wei
Zhang, Haiyan
J33 - Compensation Packages ; Payment Methods
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
This study examines whether firms incorporated in mainland China benefit from cross-listing in Hong Kong, China. The Hong Kong Stock Market has more stringent rules regarding corporate governance and a better system of investor protection than the mainland market. Hong Kong companies generally provide strong incentives to executives via equity-based compensation. Have cross-listed companies learned from Hong Kong firms about adopting these strong executive incentives? The evidence from this study suggests that changes in top executive compensation are more sensitive to sales growth in cross-listed firms than they are in mainland firms without cross-listing. However, compared to Hong Kong firms, cross-listed firms are less sensitive to stock returns. Further, this study shows that it is necessary to differentiate between state-owned companies and private companies, as cross-listing may have a greater impact on executive incentives in state-owned companies than it does in private companies.
2008-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19241/1/MPRA_paper_19241.pdf
Chi, Wei and Zhang, Haiyan (2008): Are Stronger Executive Incentives Associated with Cross-listing? Evidence from China.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20073
2019-09-26T11:26:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3231
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3133
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443738
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20073/
Manipulation in oligopoly
Corchon, Luis
Silva, Jose Luis
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
The purpose of this paper is to generalize the results obtained by Sklivas (1987) and Fershtman and Judd (1987) allowing for non-linear demand functions, many players and general attitudes to the risk by the players. We also generalize their set-up by introducing a more general measure of th aggresivity of players in the second stage of the game.
1994
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20073/1/MPRA_paper_20073.pdf
Corchon, Luis and Silva, Jose Luis (1994): Manipulation in oligopoly.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20155
2019-09-26T11:04:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3238
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433233
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20155/
Pay enough, don’t pay too much or don’t pay at all? The impact of bonus intensity on job satisfaction
Pouliakas, Konstantinos
J28 - Safety ; Job Satisfaction ; Related Public Policy
C23 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
M54 - Labor Management
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
J33 - Compensation Packages ; Payment Methods
Using ten waves (1998-2007) of the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), this paper investigates the ceteris paribus association between the intensity of incentive pay, the dynamic change in bonus status and the utility derived from work. After controlling for individual heterogeneity biases, it is shown that job utility rises only in response to ‘generous’ bonus payments, primarily in skilled, non-unionized, private sector jobs. Revoking a bonus from one year to the next is found to have a detrimental impact on employee utility, while job satisfaction tends to diminish over time as employees potentially adapt to bonuses. The findings are therefore consistent with previous experimental evidence, suggesting that employers wishing to motivate their staff should indeed “pay enough or don’t pay at all”.
2008-08-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20155/2/MPRA_paper_20155.pdf
Pouliakas, Konstantinos (2008): Pay enough, don’t pay too much or don’t pay at all? The impact of bonus intensity on job satisfaction.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21045
2019-10-01T01:54:44Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443833
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3135
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21045/
Stars War in French Gastronomy: Prestige of Restaurants and Chefs’ Careers
Gergaud, Olivier
Smeets, Valérie
Warzynski, Frédéric
D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief ; Unawareness
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
M50 - General
In this paper, we analyze the careers from a sample of more than 1,000 top French chefs over more than twenty years and link it to the success or reputation of the restaurants where they have worked. This allows us to test what are the determinants of success but also to investigate the dynamics of performance and reputation, stressing the importance of the quality of apprenticeships, mentoring and entrepreneurship spirit. We find that the prestige of the restaurant where individuals work is on average declining along the career, and that the quality of apprenticeship is strongly related to the future success as chef. We also find that prices of restaurants with higher reputation are more sensitive to bad signals.
2010-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21045/1/MPRA_paper_21045.pdf
Gergaud, Olivier and Smeets, Valérie and Warzynski, Frédéric (2010): Stars War in French Gastronomy: Prestige of Restaurants and Chefs’ Careers.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21264
2019-09-26T18:04:34Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3632
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443835
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21264/
Microfinance and Self-Help Finance System to Reduce Poverty from Pakistan: An It-Based Solution
Herani, Gobind M.
J62 - Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility
B21 - Microeconomics
M54 - Labor Management
D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory
G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages
J23 - Labor Demand
The aim of this paper is to find out the techniques and suggest computer-based solution to reduce poverty from Pakistan, and suggest sustainable management of micro-Finance and Self-help Finance systems. Literature review at national and international level reveals that many researchers have attempted to suggest microfinance as a tool to reduce poverty. Self-help financing blended with donor’s finance is also successfully being practiced. Model of Grameen Bank is also being replicated with some modification as per demand of the localities, as there is always a room for improvement with scientific and technological inventions. Computer technology, as it is already playing its role in various fields, can be fruitfully utilized for proper management of this proposed project. Presently NADRA e-Sahulat and Telenor’s easy paisa are programs that have capability to help the masses with maximum accuracy in the financial transactions. Some studies also encourage establishing a microfinance bank, with small deposits plus donor’s funds, to be electronically managed by NGOs and controlled by organizations of indigenous peoples in villages. This study concludes that by reducing manpower intermediate-expenditure and irregularities will reduce poverty and will help in saving the amount for maximizing their own welfare. Presently, facilities are already available with latest technology, which if modified and innovated will bear fruit. This study suggested that how national and international donor Agencies should get accurate real-time information relating dissemination of their funds in right-hands, with to increased efficiency and decreased management expenditure.
2010-03-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21264/1/MPRA_paper_21264.pdf
Herani, Gobind M. (2010): Microfinance and Self-Help Finance System to Reduce Poverty from Pakistan: An It-Based Solution. Published in: National Conference on Community Development. on ” Women Empowerment the Key for Development (10 March 2010): pp. 1-7.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21325
2019-09-28T07:38:03Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3533
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433838
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21325/
Education in Accounting using an Interactive System
Patrut, Bogdan
M53 - Training
A20 - General
C88 - Other Computer Software
This paper represents a summary of a research report and the results of developing an educational software, including a multi-agent system for teaching accounting bases and financial accounting. The paper describes the
structure of the multi-agent system, defined as a complex network of s-agents. Each s-agent contains 6 pedagogical agents and a coordinator agent. We have defined a new architecture (BeSGOTE) that extends the BDI architecture for intelligent agents and we have defined a mixing-up relation among the accounts, presenting the way in which it can be used for testing students.
2010-03-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21325/1/MPRA_paper_21325.pdf
Patrut, Bogdan (2010): Education in Accounting using an Interactive System. Published in: BRAND. Broad Research in Accounting, Negotiation, and Distribution , Vol. 1, No. 1 (10 March 2010)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21430
2019-09-27T00:23:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3031
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3833
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21430/
Red Cards: Not Such Bad News For Penalized Guest Teams
Mechtel, Mario
Brändle, Tobias
Stribeck, Agnes
Vetter, Karin
J01 - Labor Economics: General
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism
M50 - General
A popular soccer myth states that teams affected by a sending-off perform better than they would have performed without the penalty. Based on economic theory, we analyze the course of soccer matches using data from the German Bundesliga from 1999 to 2009. The results show that sending-offs affecting home teams have a negative impact
on their performance. However, for guest teams the impact of a sending-off on their performance depends on the time remaining after the sending-off. Thus, the "ten do it better" myth seems to hold for guest teams to a certain extent.
2010-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21430/1/MPRA_paper_21430.pdf
Mechtel, Mario and Brändle, Tobias and Stribeck, Agnes and Vetter, Karin (2010): Red Cards: Not Such Bad News For Penalized Guest Teams.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21975
2019-09-27T17:03:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3434
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3634
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21975/
Searching for Jobs: Evidence from MBA Graduates
Kuhnen, Camelia M.
J44 - Professional Labor Markets ; Occupational Licensing
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
G30 - General
This paper proposes and tests empirically a model of optimal job search using novel data on job seeking strategies of participants in the labor market for MBA graduates. Theoretically and empirically I find that the breadth of search that workers conduct depends on their ability, outside option, and fit with available jobs, as well as on the exogenous job application cost and the ex-ante probability of applications resulting in offers. These results illustrate the formation of the supply of human capital available to hiring companies, which drives the efficiency of matching between workers and firms and ultimately determines productivity.
2010-01-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21975/1/MPRA_paper_21975.pdf
Kuhnen, Camelia M. (2010): Searching for Jobs: Evidence from MBA Graduates.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22363
2019-09-28T07:05:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3533
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22363/
Skill mismatch e profili professionali: il settore turistico-alberghiero
Ferrari, Filippo
M53 - Training
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
This paper compares the skills and knowledge possessed by qualified of tourism and hotel sector with those expected by the industry; compares also the importance of specific skills and knowledge profile by school teachers and businesses. Research has found that: 1) the qualified are systematically provided for lack of skill and knowledge than required by the industry and 2) teachers systematically underestimate the relative importance of skills and knowledge for the profile considered
2010-04-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22363/1/MPRA_paper_22363.pdf
Ferrari, Filippo (2010): Skill mismatch e profili professionali: il settore turistico-alberghiero.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22367
2019-09-27T09:52:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3431
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3633
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3434
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22367/
CEO turnover in a competitive assignment framework
Eisfeldt, Andrea
Kuhnen, Camelia M.
J41 - Labor Contracts
J63 - Turnover ; Vacancies ; Layoffs
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
J44 - Professional Labor Markets ; Occupational Licensing
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
G30 - General
There is considerable and widespread concern about whether CEOs are appropriately punished for poor performance. The empirical literature on CEO turnover documents that CEOs are indeed more likely to be forced out if their performance
is poor relative to the industry average. However, CEOs are also more likely to be replaced if the industry is doing badly. We show that these empirical patterns are natural and efficient outcomes of a competitive assignment model in which CEOs and firms form matches based on multiple characteristics, and where industry conditions affect the outside options of both managers and firms. Our model also has several new predictions about the type of replacement manager, and their pay and performance. We construct a dataset which describes all turnover events during the period 1992-2006 and show that these predictions are also born out empirically.
2010-04-23
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22367/1/MPRA_paper_22367.pdf
Eisfeldt, Andrea and Kuhnen, Camelia M. (2010): CEO turnover in a competitive assignment framework.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22424
2019-09-27T07:59:05Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3139
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22424/
Corporate ethical policies: evidence from large firms in Chile
Pezoa, Alvaro E.
Quiroga, Bernardo F.
M14 - Corporate Culture ; Diversity ; Social Responsibility
M19 - Other
M54 - Labor Management
This study explores the current status of corporate ethical policies in the large-size firms currently operating in Chile and focus on the edition of formal documents on corporate ethics by means of a survey sent to the companies whose manning table exceeds 350 employees (460 firms), using for this selection the 2005 Directorio ITV de Empresas en Chile (ITV Directory of Corporations in Chile). The results obtained from the 116 responses received reveal that almost 60% of the firms possess ethics corporate documents; that in general there is consensus about the need to bear in mind the ethical conduct in the personnel selection, promotion and bonuses; and that generally a greater proportion of foreign firms have documents on ethics, as compared with the domestic firms. Likewise, a statistical verification was performed –whose results are only extrapolated to the large-size firms– on the correlation between possession of formal ethics documents and performance (measured as the value of 2005 sales), which
had positive results and was statistically significant; at the same time, evidence was found, although somewhat weaker, to support the hypothesis of statistically positive correlation between such documents possession and the number of employees.
2007-01-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22424/1/MPRA_paper_22424.pdf
Pezoa, Alvaro E. and Quiroga, Bernardo F. (2007): Corporate ethical policies: evidence from large firms in Chile. Published in: ESE Escuela de Negocios Documento de Trabajo No. DT-07-14 (9 January 2007)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22425
2019-09-26T11:42:00Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3532
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D34:4D3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22425/
Are Overconfident CEOs Better Innovators?
Hirshleifer, David
Low, Angie
Teoh, Siew Hong
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects
G30 - General
M40 - General
Using options- and press-based proxies for CEO overconfidence (Malmendier and Tate 2005a, 2005b, 2008), we find that over the 1993-2003 period, firms with overconfident CEOs have greater return volatility, invest more in innovation, obtain more patents and patent citations, and achieve greater innovative success for given research and development (R&D) expenditure. Overconfident managers only achieve greater innovation than non-overconfident managers in innovative industries. Overconfidence is not associated with lower sales, ROA, or Q.
2010-04-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22425/2/MPRA_paper_22425.pdf
Hirshleifer, David and Low, Angie and Teoh, Siew Hong (2010): Are Overconfident CEOs Better Innovators?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22946
2019-10-05T05:16:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3535
7375626A656374733D4A:4A35:4A3534
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3233
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513135
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3333
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D4B:4B31:4B3132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443233
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3137
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22946/
Study on Agrarian Contracts in Bulgaria
Bachev, Hrabrin
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices
J54 - Producer Cooperatives ; Labor Managed Firms ; Employee Ownership
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
M31 - Marketing
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
L23 - Organization of Production
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation ; Agriculture and Environment
J33 - Compensation Packages ; Payment Methods
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
K12 - Contract Law
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors ; Shadow Economy ; Institutional Arrangements
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
This paper suggests a holistic framework for analysis of agrarian contracts and investigates the contractual structure in transitional Bulgarian agriculture. Firstly, it incorporates the interdisciplinary New Institutional and Transaction Costs Economics (combining Economics, Organization, Law, Sociology, Behavioral and Political Sciences) and describes major mechanisms of governance of agrarian activity – institutional environment, market competition, private, collective and public order; and defines features of agrarian sale-purchase, lease, employment, service, loan, insurance and coalition contracts; and identifies technological, institutional, behavioral, dimensional, and transaction costs factors for contractual choice and specifies effective modes for contractual arrangements in agriculture; and determines the effective boundaries and sustainability of farm and agrarian organizations. Secondly, it analyzes the post-communist institutional and organizational modernization of Bulgarian agriculture, and assesses the efficiency of various modes for governing of land supply, and labor supply, and service supply, and inputs supply, and finance supply, and insurance supply, and marketing of output in different type of farms.
2010-05-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22946/1/MPRA_paper_22946.pdf
Bachev, Hrabrin (2010): Study on Agrarian Contracts in Bulgaria.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23089
2019-09-27T11:09:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3533
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23089/
Two Perspectives on Multiskilling and Product Market Volatility
DeVaro, Jed
Farnham, Martin
M53 - Training
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
We study the effect of product market volatility on a firm’s choice between multiskilling and specialization. We construct a theoretical model that captures the tradeoff between multiskilling (which gives greater flexibility to reassign workers in production) and specialization (which provides workers with the expertise to respond to product market signals in their area of specialty). Using data from the 2004 WERS, a nationally-representative cross section of British establishments, we find that greater volatility is associated with greater specialization. This result holds both inside and outside of manufacturing, but consistent with our model, it holds only in multi-product establishments and not in single-product ones.
2010-03-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23089/1/MPRA_paper_23089.pdf
DeVaro, Jed and Farnham, Martin (2010): Two Perspectives on Multiskilling and Product Market Volatility.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23586
2019-09-28T04:48:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3535
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23586/
Logistics Outsourcing: Change from a service-provider to a business partner and Leveraging partnership models to create sustainable bottomline
Wanchoo, Rajat
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
E20 - General
A New model for „Partnership’ based Outsourcing:
The growing emphasis on efficiency and integration between customers (shippers) and third-party outsourcing firms, has given rise to a unique collaborative model of Logistics outsourcing.
Principle:
“The focus on end-to-end supply chain effectiveness and optimization will lead to lower unit costs, which in turn will lead to lowest total costs”.
Instead of an inward-looking focus on ownership of hard assets and „do-myself‟ approach; we need to focus on total supply chain effectiveness and process optimization by utilizing the extended value-proposition of the „logistics partner‟.
2010-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23586/1/MPRA_paper_23586.pdf
Wanchoo, Rajat (2010): Logistics Outsourcing: Change from a service-provider to a business partner and Leveraging partnership models to create sustainable bottomline.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23984
2019-09-27T03:10:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3131
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23984/
Process assessment for use in very small enterprises: the NOEMI assess-ment methodology
DI RENZO, Bernard
FELTUS, Christophe
M11 - Production Management
M1 - Business Administration
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
M54 - Labor Management
O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights
This paper relates to the development and the experimentation of an IT process assessment methodology especially designed to be used in very small enterprises (VSEs). This methodology, called NOEMI , has been developed as a critical part of a public research project of the Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor (Luxembourg).
Initially the main objective of the NOEMI process assessment methodology was to contribute directly to the implementation of a collaborative IT-sourcing model, developed in the same re-search project.
The process portfolio aims at a whole coverage of the usual IT-practices in VSEs. It is business value-driven and designed in five process areas: infrastructure, service support, management, security, and documentation. The processes themselves are based on a combined approach of ISO/IEC 15504 and the IT Infrastructure Library.
The capability model defined in the NOEMI methodology explores the gap between level 0 and level 1 of ISO/IEC 15504 in order to match in a more accurate manner with the reality of VSEs. The capability profile has four levels and is performed for the process areas and not for the processes themselves, so allowing easy comparison between VSEs.
We are now performing the seventh experimentation of the NOEMI assessment methodology. Each case has been a success according to the feedback of the VSEs. And we are considering the transfer of our methodology to French and Belgian partners through dissemination projects.
It leads us to promote the NOEMI assessment methodology as a public package tool especially designed for use in a VSE context, which aims to enhance business value through IT.
This paper introduces the methodology and considerations based on case studies.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23984/1/MPRA_paper_23984.pdf
DI RENZO, Bernard and FELTUS, Christophe (2003): Process assessment for use in very small enterprises: the NOEMI assess-ment methodology. Published in: Proceedings of European Software Process Improvement Conference (EuroSPI'2003), Graz, Austria (2003)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24023
2019-09-28T22:49:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3131
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3132
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24023/
Process assessment for use in very small enterprises: the NOEMI assessment methodology
DI RENZO, Bernard
FELTUS, Christophe
M11 - Production Management
M1 - Business Administration
M5 - Personnel Economics
M12 - Personnel Management ; Executives; Executive Compensation
M54 - Labor Management
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights
This paper relates to the development and the experimentation of an IT process assessment methodology especially designed to be used in very small enterprises (VSEs). This methodology, called NOEMI , has been developed as a critical part of a public research project of the Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor (Luxembourg).
Initially the main objective of the NOEMI process assessment methodology was to contribute directly to the implementation of a collaborative IT-sourcing model, developed in the same research project.
The process portfolio aims at a whole coverage of the usual IT-practices in VSEs. It is business value-driven and designed in five process areas: infrastructure, service support, management, security, and documentation. The processes themselves are based on a combined approach of ISO/IEC 15504 and the IT Infrastructure Library.
The capability model defined in the NOEMI methodology explores the gap between level 0 and level 1 of ISO/IEC 15504 in order to match in a more accurate manner with the reality of VSEs. The capability profile has four levels and is performed for the process areas and not for the processes themselves, so allowing easy comparison between VSEs.
We are now performing the seventh experimentation of the NOEMI assessment methodology. Each case has been a success according to the feedback of the VSEs. And we are considering the transfer of our methodology to French and Belgian partners through dissemination projects.
It leads us to promote the NOEMI assessment methodology as a public package tool especially designed for use in a VSE context, which aims to enhance business value through IT.
This paper introduces the methodology and considerations based on case studies.
2003
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24023/1/MPRA_paper_24023.pdf
DI RENZO, Bernard and FELTUS, Christophe (2003): Process assessment for use in very small enterprises: the NOEMI assessment methodology. Published in: Proceedings of European Software Process Improvement Conference (EuroSPI'2003), Graz, Austria No. Auflage: 1., Aufl. (8. Dezember 2003) (2003)
en
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