2024-03-29T08:13:05Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:846
2019-09-27T06:25:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523132
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/846/
Cluster Complexes: A Framework for Understanding the Internationalisation of Innovation Systems
Wixted, Brian
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
O30 - General
The literature on clustering that has developed over the last two decades or so has given us a wealth of information on the formation and competitiveness of places in the global economy. Similarly, the systems literature on innovation has been valuable in moving the debate around technology from a focus on the entrepreneur to one than encompasses institutions, government, suppliers, customers and universities. However, there remains an important limit to this research; the borders of political jurisdictions, usually nation states, typically delineate the studies. It is argued in this paper that during an era when the international architecture of production relationships is changing, this view of systems is hindering its further development. This paper briefly examines what we have learnt of innovation systems, including clustering and also explores the limitations of this work. From this foundation it is proposed in this paper that a framework which understands clusters as nodes within extra-territorial networks is a promising approach for internationalising the systems of innovation perspective. The advantage of the approach presented here is that it can simultaneously capture regional specialisations and be disaggregated enough to apply on a technology / sectoral basis. Another principle advantage is that such a framework goes someway towards an understanding of interregional and international trade that is consistent with what other studies have shown of the development of innovation within particular geographic locations. The paper draws from extensive data analysis of industrial interdependencies that cross national borders to support the case for cluster complexes that transcend regional and national borders.
2006-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/846/1/MPRA_paper_846.pdf
Wixted, Brian (2006): Cluster Complexes: A Framework for Understanding the Internationalisation of Innovation Systems.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1274
2019-09-27T15:26:16Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3331
7375626A656374733D50:5032:503230
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1274/
ICTs and rural development in India
Singh, Nirvikar
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions ; NGOs ; Social Entrepreneurship
P20 - General
O30 - General
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
This monograph compares the methodologies and progress of the different existing models of information and communication technology (ICT) use for broad-based development and economic growth in India. It will examine the role of complementary reforms in government administration and policies. The focus is chiefly on the rural economy, where the developmental needs are the greatest, and the use of ICTs presents the most challenges. It examines the nature of benefits in areas such as education, health, market efficiency, and democratic participation, the channels through which impacts can be realized, and the practical means for realizing potential benefits, including organizational innovations and government policy as well as structural changes
2006-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1274/1/MPRA_paper_1274.pdf
Singh, Nirvikar (2006): ICTs and rural development in India.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1841
2019-10-05T20:45:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3534
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1841/
The level and growth effects in the empirics of economic growth
Rao, B. Bhaskara
Gounder, Rukmini
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
O30 - General
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
O54 - Latin America ; Caribbean
Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992) have extended the Solow (1956) model by augmenting the production function with human capital. Its empirical success is impressive and it showed a procedure to improve the explanatory power of the neoclassical growth model. This paper suggests an empirical procedure to further extend the neoclassical growth model to distinguish between the growth and level effects of shift variables like the human capital. We use time series data from Guatemala to show that while the growth effects of education are small, they are significant and dominate the level effects.
2007-02-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1841/1/MPRA_paper_1841.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara and Gounder, Rukmini (2007): The level and growth effects in the empirics of economic growth.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1956
2019-09-29T16:06:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1956/
Technical efficiency, technological change and total factor productivity growth in Malaysian manufacturing sector
Jajri, Idris
Ismail, Rahmah
O30 - General
The manufacturing sector is becoming more important for the Malaysia economy. The contribution of output and employment from this sector is continuously increasing since the 1980 an, except for certain period when an economy experiences recession. Viewing from its capacity to spearhead economic growth the government has given emphasis to the manufacturing sector in achieving industrialized nation by year 2020. It is a claim that productivity for this sector had not yet achieved optima level and in certain years, the growth of productivity was smaller than the growth of wages. Even though the concept of productivity usually referred to labour productivity, this concept is very much related to total factor productivity (TFP). This paper attempts to analysis trend of, technical efficiency, technological change and TFP growth in the Malaysian manufacturing sector. The analysis is based on data from the Industrial Manufacturing Survey of 1985 to 2000 collected by the Department of Statistics Malaysia using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results show that during the period under study, TFP growth is increasing and the major contribution of TFP growth in technical efficiency. Nevertheless, technological change show increasing trend over time. The industries that experienced high technical efficiency are food, wood, chemical and iron products. However, for food and wood industries technical progress is higher than technical progress. The other industry that shows larger technical progress than technical efficiency is textile industry but both values are below unity.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1956/1/MPRA_paper_1956.pdf
Jajri, Idris and Ismail, Rahmah (2006): Technical efficiency, technological change and total factor productivity growth in Malaysian manufacturing sector.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1966
2019-09-26T08:32:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1966/
Technical efficiency, technological change and total factor productivity growth in Malaysian manufacturing sector
Jajri, Idris
Ismail, Rahmah
O30 - General
The manufacturing sector is becoming more important for the Malaysia economy. The contribution of output and employment from this sector is continuously increasing since the 1980 an, except for certain period when an economy experiences recession. Viewing from its capacity to spearhead economic growth the government has given emphasis to the manufacturing sector in achieving industrialized nation by year 2020. It is a claim that productivity for this sector had not yet achieved optima level and in certain years, the growth of productivity was smaller than the growth of wages. Even though the concept of productivity usually referred to labour productivity, this concept is very much related to total factor productivity (TFP). This paper attempts to analysis trend of, technical efficiency, technological change and TFP growth in the Malaysian manufacturing sector. The analysis is based on data from the Industrial Manufacturing Survey of 1985 to 2000 collected by the Department of Statistics Malaysia using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results show that during the period under study, TFP growth is increasing and the major contribution of TFP growth in technical efficiency. Nevertheless, technological change show increasing trend over time. The industries that experienced high technical efficiency are food, wood, chemical and iron products. However, for food and wood industries technical progress is higher than technical progress. The other industry that shows larger technical progress than technical efficiency is textile industry but both values are below unity.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1966/1/MPRA_paper_1966.pdf
Jajri, Idris and Ismail, Rahmah (2006): Technical efficiency, technological change and total factor productivity growth in Malaysian manufacturing sector.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1998
2019-09-26T13:49:38Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423530
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423234
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D42:4232:423230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1998/
A general refutation of Okishio’s theorem and a proof of the falling rate of profit
Freeman, Alan
B50 - General
O30 - General
O10 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
B24 - Socialist ; Marxist ; Sraffian
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
B20 - General
This is the first published general refutation of the Okishio theorem. An earlier refutation based on a specific example was published by Kliman and McGlone in 1988.
Okishio’s theorem, published in 1961, asserts that if real wages stay constant, the rate of profit necessarily rises in consequence of any cost-reducing technical change. It proves this within a simultaneous equation (general equlibrium) framework.
This paper establishes that this proposition is false within a differential equation (temporal) approach. In such a framework the denominator of the rate of profit rises continuously, regardless of whether or not there is technical change, unless capitalist consumption exceeds profit, as occurs in a slump.
Okishio himself asserts that his theorem is ‘contrary to Marx’s Gesetz des Tendentiellen Falls der Profitrate’ – contrary to Marx’s law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall. This assertion is, within the literature, universally taken to be the substantive content of the ‘Okishio Theorem’. Thus, if Marx’s approach to value is in fact temporal, and not simultaneist, this assertion by Okishio is false, since it applies not to Marx’s own theory, but to the interpretation of that theory subsequently attributed to Marx by a specific school of thought represented principally by Bortkiewicz, Sweezy, Morishima, Seton, and Steedman.
The subsequent accumulation of hermeneutic evidence strongly supports the thesis that Marx’s theory is temporalist and not simultaneist.
Since the Okishio theorem makes the general assertion that the rate of profit must necessarily rise if there are cost-saving technical changes, and since Kliman and McGlone demonstrate a particular case in which cost-saving technical change leads to a fall in the profit rate, the Kliman-McGlone paper is the first published refutation of the Okishio theorem. The present paper is a generalisation of this refutation which establishes the precise conditions under which the profit rate rise or falls, and establishes the general result that the profit rate necessarily falls as a consequence of capitalist accumulation with a constant real wage, until and unless accumulation ceases in value terms.
Consequently the mathematical findings set out in this paper, refute the Okishio Theorem.
1998
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1998/1/MPRA_paper_1998.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1998): A general refutation of Okishio’s theorem and a proof of the falling rate of profit. Published in: Bellofiore, R (ed) Marxian Economics: a Reappraisal, Volume 2, pp139-162. Basingstoke: McMillan. ISBN 0 333 64411 5 (1998): pp. 139-162.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2186
2019-09-26T11:06:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3536
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493239
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2186/
An extension to the neoclassical growth modelto Estimate Growth and Level Effects
Rao, B. Bhaskara
Singh, Rup
Nisha, Fozia
O56 - Oceania
O40 - General
O1 - Economic Development
I29 - Other
O30 - General
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
I20 - General
The neoclassical growth model was extended by Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992)
to estimate the level effects of additional factors like human capital.
We suggest a further extension to capture their permanent growth effects.
Time series data from Fiji are used to show that
the growth effect of human capital, although small, is significant. Furthermore,
in our sample the specifications with a permanent growth effect performed better than
specifications with only level effects.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2186/1/MPRA_paper_2186.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara and Singh, Rup and Nisha, Fozia (2006): An extension to the neoclassical growth modelto Estimate Growth and Level Effects.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2389
2019-09-26T08:34:16Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3239
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3339
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2389/
Estimates of the steady state growth rates for selected Asian countries with an endogenous growth framework
Rao, B. Bhaskara
O53 - Asia including Middle East
O40 - General
O29 - Other
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O30 - General
O39 - Other
O38 - Government Policy
O10 - General
This paper develops an endogenous growth ramework with externalities due to learning by doing and trade openness to show that these externalities are significant for 6 Asian countries. The estimated parameters of the augmented production functions are used to compute the steady state growth rates for Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Hong Kong, Korea and the Philippines. A few broad policies to improve these steady state growth rate are suggested.
2007-03-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2389/1/MPRA_paper_2389.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara (2007): Estimates of the steady state growth rates for selected Asian countries with an endogenous growth framework.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2547
2019-10-02T17:55:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2547/
Patents, Innovations and Economic Growth in Japan and South Korea: Evidence from individual country and panel data
Sinha, Dipendra
O30 - General
C10 - General
This paper looks at the relationship between patents and economic growth in Japan and South Korea using both individual country and panel data. For the econometric estimation, we use annual data for 1963-2005. For Japan, we find that the logarithms of real GDP and the number of patents are cointegrated. For South Korea, we do find such evidence. For Japan, we find a two-way causality between the growth of real GDP and the growth of the number of patents. For panel data, we find that the logarithms of real GDP and the number of patents are cointegrated. We find some evidence that the growth of real GDP Granger causes the growth of the number of patents. However, we do not find any evidence of reverse causality.
2007-03-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2547/1/MPRA_paper_2547.pdf
Sinha, Dipendra (2007): Patents, Innovations and Economic Growth in Japan and South Korea: Evidence from individual country and panel data.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2605
2019-09-28T13:50:00Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3936
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2605/
Mobile Call Termination: a Tale of Two-Sided Markets
Valletti, Tommaso
L96 - Telecommunications
O30 - General
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
Mobile telephony is described as a "two-sided" market where customers are seen as senders and receivers of communications that are mutually beneficial both to callers and receivers. This has implications in terms of market definition and market power. The economics of mobile call termination is discussed in this context.
2006-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2605/1/MPRA_paper_2605.pdf
Valletti, Tommaso (2006): Mobile Call Termination: a Tale of Two-Sided Markets. Published in: International Journal of Digital Economics No. 61 : pp. 61-77.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2606
2019-09-26T20:55:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3133
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2606/
Retail Payment Systems: What can we Learn from Two-Sided Markets?
Verdier, Marianne
O30 - General
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
Some retail payment systems can be modelled as two-sided markets, where a payment system facilitates money exchanges between consumers on one side and merchants on the other. The system sets rules and standards, to ensure usage and acceptance of its payment instruments by consumers and merchants respectively. Some retail payment systems exhibit indirect network externalities, which is one of the main criteria used to define two-sided markets. As more consumers use the payment platform, more merchants are encouraged to join it. Conversely, the value of holding payment instruments increases with the number of merchants accepting them. The theory of two-sided markets contributes to a better understanding of these retail payment systems, by showing that an asymmetric allocation of costs is needed to maximise the volume of transactions. It also starts to offer results that could explain competition between payment platforms. However, this theory entails some limits to a thorough understanding of retail payment systems. Firstly, we show that some retail payment systems, such as credit transfer or direct debit systems, do not necessarily fulfil all the theoretical criteria used to define twosided markets. Moreover, this theory does not take into account specific features of the payment industry, such as risk management or fraud prevention. This leads us to propose new research directions.
2006-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2606/1/MPRA_paper_2606.pdf
Verdier, Marianne (2006): Retail Payment Systems: What can we Learn from Two-Sided Markets? Published in: International Journal of Digital Economics No. 61 (March 2006): pp. 37-59.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2776
2019-09-30T07:03:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2776/
Social rewards in science and economic growth
Carillo, Maria Rosaria
Papagni, Erasmo
O40 - General
O30 - General
In this paper we put forward a model of basic research and long-run economic growth in which the incentives of social reward to scientific work may produce increasing returns and multiple equilibria. The state organizes production of new knowledge - a public good that improves firms' technology - with taxes on the private sector. Scientists compete with one another to attain priority over a discovery and be awarded both a real prize and prestige in the scientific community. Also, scientists\ derive job motivation from dedication to science which provides social status. Analysis of the model shows, on the one hand, a low equilibrium where the economy is endowed with a small science sector, researchers have high relative income but low prestige, and competition for discoveries is weak. On the other hand, there is a high equilibrium where the economy has a large science sector, scientists obtain for new findings high prestige but lower relative salaries and, as the effect of creative destruction is strong, there is fierce competition among researchers. Comparative statics shows that if the scientific infrastructure is poor, policies that increase the marginal benefits from a discovery have perverse effects, while policies aimed at improving the selection mechanism of researchers work well. \ The same policies have opposite effects at the high steady state.
2007-03-28
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2776/1/MPRA_paper_2776.pdf
Carillo, Maria Rosaria and Papagni, Erasmo (2007): Social rewards in science and economic growth.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2779
2019-10-06T04:22:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2779/
Source of output growth in small and medium scale enterprises in Malaysia
Jajri, Idris
Ismail, Rahmah
O30 - General
Small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the Malaysian industrial development. SMEs comprise of more than 90 per cent of the total manufacturing establishments, contributing about 40 per cent of the total employments and 30 per cent of the total fixed assets in this sector. However, SMEs’ value added is very much lower than that of the large scale. A low productivity of physical inputs or factors efficiency may be attributed to low level of value added. In general the benefit gained from technological advancement and human resource development varies for different size and types of industry. Consequently, this leads to productivity differences of their physical inputs and quality of inputs. This paper aims to address this issue using data from the Manufacturing Industries Survey conducted by the Department of Statistics of Malaysia. The analysis will look at the source of output growth in different types of SMEs sub-industries.
2007-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2779/1/MPRA_paper_2779.pdf
Jajri, Idris and Ismail, Rahmah (2007): Source of output growth in small and medium scale enterprises in Malaysia.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2816
2019-10-22T17:05:44Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2853
2019-10-09T23:58:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2853/
Intra- and Inter-Sectoral Knowledge Spillovers and TFP Growth Rates
Quella, Núria
O30 - General
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
O40 - General
In this paper I estimate unobserved labor-generated knowledge spillovers within and between six large macroeconomic sectors covering the US civilian economy from 1948 to 1991 and relate them to observed productivity changes. I construct a series of sectoral knowledge spillover matrices that show the changes in the magnitude and direction of intraand inter-sectoral spillovers for each sector. I show that the productivity slowdown in the US economy of the early seventies is associated with a decline of intra-sectoral spillovers and the emergence of inter-sectoral spillovers. This change coincides with trade taking over manufacturing as the main source and destination of new knowledge flows. The analysis of technology flows, measured as the production and use of patents, corroborates this finding. Furthermore, I also compute the gap between the market, which ignores knowledge spillovers, and the optimal allocation of labor across sectors, and the wedge between market and optimal wage rates by sector. I show that optimal employment in manufactures is 32% higher than the market allocation, and that optimal wages in the overall economy are 31% above market wages.
2007-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2853/1/MPRA_paper_2853.pdf
Quella, Núria (2007): Intra- and Inter-Sectoral Knowledge Spillovers and TFP Growth Rates.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:2857
2019-10-17T16:57:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463233
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2857/
Internationalization Strategies and Productivity: Evidence from Foreign Owned Companies Operating in the Greek Manufacturing Sector
Halkos, George
Tzeremes, Nickolaos
O30 - General
F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
L60 - General
This paper using Malmquist productivity indexes analyzes the impact of internalization on productivity efficiency and competitive advantage for a sample of 395 firms with foreign ownership operating in the Greek manufacturing sector. A number of different factors in respect to firms’ productivity performance and creation of competitive advantage are been explored. The productive and most competitive firms with foreign ownership seem to have definite and strong characteristics relative to their size. Our empirical results imply that the resources (tangible and intangible) which are utilized and obtained through the firms internationalization strategies have a direct impact on the firms’ productivity and hence to their competitive advantage.
2005-10-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2857/1/MPRA_paper_2857.pdf
Halkos, George and Tzeremes, Nickolaos (2005): Internationalization Strategies and Productivity: Evidence from Foreign Owned Companies Operating in the Greek Manufacturing Sector.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3373
2019-09-27T14:28:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3339
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3239
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3373/
Estimates of the steady state growth rates for selected Asian countries with an endogenous growth framework
Rao, B. Bhaskara
O39 - Other
O53 - Asia including Middle East
O29 - Other
O38 - Government Policy
O30 - General
O40 - General
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O10 - General
This paper develops an endogenous growth ramework with externalities due to learning by doing and trade openness to show that these externalities are significant for 6 Asian countries. The estimated parameters of the augmented production functions are used to compute the steady state growth rates for Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Hong Kong, Korea and the Philippines. A few broad policies to improve these steady state growth rate are suggested.
2007-03-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3373/1/MPRA_paper_3373.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara (2007): Estimates of the steady state growth rates for selected Asian countries with an endogenous growth framework.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3589
2019-09-27T11:34:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3589/
Technology Shocks, Statistical Models, and The Great Moderation
Fuentes-Albero, Cristina
O30 - General
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
C32 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes ; State Space Models
In this paper we compare the cyclical features implied by an RBC model with two
technology shocks under several statistical specifications for the stochastic processes
governing technological change. We conclude that while a trend-stationary model
accounts better for the observed volatilities, a difference-stationary model does a relatively
better job of accounting for the correlation of the variables of interest with
output. We also explore some counterfactuals to assess the ability of our model to
replicate the volatility slowdown of the mid 1980s. First, we conclude that the stochastic
growth model outperforms the deterministic growth model in accounting for the
Great Moderation. Finally, we obtain that even though the neutral technology shock
is the main driving force in the volatility slowdown, allowing for a larger financial flexibility
in the form of a smaller volatility for the investment-specific innovation improves
the ability of our model to account for the magnitude of the Great Moderation.
2007-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3589/1/MPRA_paper_3589.pdf
Fuentes-Albero, Cristina (2007): Technology Shocks, Statistical Models, and The Great Moderation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3799
2019-10-22T17:17:16Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:3999
2019-09-28T16:29:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3836
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3999/
Does innovation (really) matter for success? The case of an IT Consulting Firm
Mamede, Ricardo
L86 - Information and Internet Services ; Computer Software
O30 - General
The paper discusses to what extent innovation is a crucial variable in explaining the success of NOVABASE, a Portuguese IT consultancy firm. In order to proceed with this discussion, the evolution of NOVABASE is described, emphasizing the most important steps in the firm’s trajectory, which are shown to result from the joint influences of upstream technological change, downstream market opportunities, and the firm’s strategic options. Then, the paper reviews some contributions stemming form studies of innovation in services, building on these to form the framework of analysis used in the empirical research. The main results of the empirical work are then presented, leading to the discussion of the possible answers to the question in title.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3999/1/MPRA_paper_3999.pdf
Mamede, Ricardo (2002): Does innovation (really) matter for success? The case of an IT Consulting Firm.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4423
2019-09-30T05:46:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4423/
An Empirical Work On Catch Up By The Diffusion Of Technology
Kalyoncu, Kahraman
Kalyoncu, Huseyin
O30 - General
C33 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models
The main idea of catch up hypothesis is how rapidly follower economies tend to catch the leader since imitation and implementation of discoveries are cheaper than innovation. Therefore imitation and implementation of discoveries tends to generate convergence even though diminishing returns to capital or to R&D do not apply. If the diffusion of technology occurs gradually, then we get another reason to predict a pattern of convergence across economies, which we estimate in this study. The estimation indicates that follower economies tend to catch up the leader. Hence, we could say imitation and implementation of discoveries generate convergence in an empirically.
2002
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4423/1/MPRA_paper_4423.pdf
Kalyoncu, Kahraman and Kalyoncu, Huseyin (2002): An Empirical Work On Catch Up By The Diffusion Of Technology. Published in: Pakistan Journal of Applied Sciences , Vol. 2, No. 6 (2002): pp. 667-669.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4441
2019-09-27T10:18:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443231
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4441/
Introduction and Diffusion of Electronic Commerce – What is Switzerland’s position in an international comparison? Results of an empirical study
Harabi, Najib
D21 - Firm Behavior: Theory
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O30 - General
What is Switzerland’s position today with regard to the acceptance, diffusion and usage of new work forms and business methods in the economy and society? One of the most extensive international surveys of population and businesses done thus far gives well founded answers to these questions: Last year, distinguished research institutes from 10 different countries of the European Union (Denmark, Germany, France, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom) and Switzerland carried out the research project ECATT99 Electronic Commerce and Telework Trends. With it they produced a study of the adoption and diffusion of new electronic business methods and work forms in the information society. Its approach makes the study unique within the framework of the European ESPRIT programme. In the whole of Europe (including Switzerland) around 8,000 private individuals and around 4,300 decision makers in private and public businesses were interviewed about knowledge, acceptance, current and planned usage of Electronic Commerce and telework. In addition, around 100 detailed case studies were carried out. For the future, regular biennial repeat studies are planned.
Switzerland is taking part in this international comparison for the first time. The results of this report are primarily based on 400 interviews in the Swiss population and 200 interviews with owners or responsible senior staff in businesses of all sectors of German, French and Italian Switzerland.
This report is limited to the project section on Electronic Commerce; a separate report is being prepared for the section on telework.
2001-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4441/1/MPRA_paper_4441.pdf
Harabi, Najib (2001): Introduction and Diffusion of Electronic Commerce – What is Switzerland’s position in an international comparison? Results of an empirical study.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4554
2019-09-27T06:45:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3536
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4554/
Estimating aid-growth equations: the case of Pacific Island countries
Rao, B. Bhaskara
Sharma, Kanaiah Lal
Singh, Rup
O1 - Economic Development
O30 - General
O56 - Oceania
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
The seminal and controversial work of Burnside and Dollar (2000) has been the basis for many subsequent empirical works on the growth effects of overseas development aid. This paper argues that the specifications used in these works are not consistent with the data and techniques used. We propose a modified production function in which total factor productivity depends on time as well as the aid ratio. Our empirical results show that the effect of aid on the steady state growth rate is insignificant in the selected Pacific Island countries. These countries are of interest because they receive the largest aid in per capita terms.
2007-08-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4554/1/MPRA_paper_4554.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara and Sharma, Kanaiah Lal and Singh, Rup (2007): Estimating aid-growth equations: the case of Pacific Island countries.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4574
2019-09-26T15:04:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4574/
The Impact of Patenting on New Product Introductions in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Stuart, Graham
Higgins, Matthew
O30 - General
Since Comanor and Scherer (1969), researchers have been using patents as a proxy for new product development. In this paper, we reevaluate this relationship by using novel new data. We demonstrate that the relationship between patenting and new FDA-approved product introductions has diminished considerably since the 1950s, and in fact no longer holds. Moreover, we also find that the relationship between R&D expenditures and new product introductions is considerably smaller than previously reported. While measures of patenting remain important in predicting the arrival of product introductions, the most important predictor is the loss of exclusivity protection on a current product. Our evidence suggests that pharmaceutical firms are acting strategically with respect to new product introductions. Finally, we find no relationship between firm size and new product introductions.
2007-08-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4574/1/MPRA_paper_4574.pdf
Stuart, Graham and Higgins, Matthew (2007): The Impact of Patenting on New Product Introductions in the Pharmaceutical Industry.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4696
2019-09-27T03:22:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3536
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4696/
Estimating aid-growth equations: the case of Pacific Island countries
Rao, B. Bhaskara
Sharma, Kanhaiya Lal
Singh, Rup
O30 - General
O1 - Economic Development
O56 - Oceania
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
The seminal and controversial work of Burnside and Dollar (2000) has been the basis for many subsequent empirical works on the growth effects of overseas development aid. This paper argues that the specifications used in these works are not consistent with the data and techniques used. We propose a modified production function in which total factor productivity depends on time as well as the aid ratio. Our empirical results show that the effect of aid on the steady state growth rate is insignificant in the selected Pacific Island countries. These countries are of interest because they receive the largest aid in per capita terms.
2007-08-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4696/1/MPRA_paper_4696.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara and Sharma, Kanhaiya Lal and Singh, Rup (2007): Estimating aid-growth equations: the case of Pacific Island countries.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:4785
2019-10-03T12:04:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4785/
Testing Schumpeterian growth theory: the role of income inequality as a determinant of research and development expenditures (developed economies) and successful technology transfers (developing economies)
Marasco, Antonio
O30 - General
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
This paper tests a strand of Schumpeterian growth theory that predicts a role for
income inequality as a determinant of technology-enhancing activities, in the shape of
innovation in the North and of technology transfers in the South. The analysis is
conducted at three different levels: by world region, by industrial sector and by country.
While the analysis by world region does not produce any clear cut evidence, the analysis
by sector yields some evidence that income inequality in the South may have a positive
effect on research and development (RnD) expenditures in some industrial sectors located
in the North, such as non electricals and pharmaceuticals. Income inequality in both
world regions seems also to play a role on the amount of technology that is transferred to
the developing world. The sign of the effect might be positive for some sectors and
negative for others, but the overall impact is probably negative in the case of Northern
income inequality and positive with respect to Southern income inequality.
However, the strongest evidence came from the cross-country analysis. We found that for
each of the 15 OECD countries, foreign income inequality in the countries that trade the
most with them, had a positive effect on the research and development expenditure
carried out in those 15 countries. Such evidence appeared robust to whether we
introduced control variables or not, and to several ways of measuring the dependent
variable and the independent variables concerned. The cross-country analysis also
yielded some evidence of a positive effect of both domestic and foreign (mainly
developed world) income inequality on the level of technology transfers to developing
countries.
2005-01-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4785/1/MPRA_paper_4785.pdf
Marasco, Antonio (2005): Testing Schumpeterian growth theory: the role of income inequality as a determinant of research and development expenditures (developed economies) and successful technology transfers (developing economies).
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5389
2019-10-01T21:38:52Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D44:4434:443430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5389/
An endogenous growth model with quality ladders and consumers’ heterogeneity
Marasco, Antonio
O40 - General
O30 - General
D40 - General
This paper develops an endogenous growth model with quality ladders where consumers
heterogeneity is assumed and is modelled through non homothetic preferences. We show that in such a model, unlike mainstream quality ladders models, the steady state equilibrium is
characterised by a duopoly were the state of the art technology and the one immediately below it are both able to survive and thrive, under given conditions for the income distribution. In the words of Schumpeter, this model delivers only partial creative destruction. Furthermore, we show that under duopoly, an increase in the degree of income inequality, raises the intensity of research activities and the growth rate of the economy.
2002-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5389/1/MPRA_paper_5389.pdf
Marasco, Antonio (2002): An endogenous growth model with quality ladders and consumers’ heterogeneity.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5461
2019-09-26T22:08:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C34:4C3430
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5461/
Small is Beautiful but Size Matters: The Asymmetric Impact of Uncertainty and Sunk Costs on Small and Large Businesses
Ghosal, Vivek
L40 - General
G10 - General
O30 - General
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
D80 - General
Against the backdrop of the theories developed in the real options and financing constraints literatures, this paper examines the impact of profit uncertainty and sunk costs on firms’ entry and exit decisions. For our empirical analysis, we compile an extensive dataset containing information on 267 U.S. manufacturing industries over a 30-year period containing industry-specific information on the number of firms and establishments, the size distribution of establishments, measures of sunk capital costs and profit uncertainty, among others. Our dynamic panel data estimates show that greater uncertainty about profits, especially in conjunction with higher sunk costs, results in (1) a marked decrease in the number of small firms and establishments; (2) a less skewed size distribution of firms and establishments; and (3) a marginal increase in industry output concentration. In sharp contrast, large establishments seem virtually unaffected. The results point to uncertainty in conjunction with sunk costs fundamentally affecting firms’ decision-making and altering the structure of industries by putting smaller businesses at a disadvantage.
2007-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5461/1/MPRA_paper_5461.pdf
Ghosal, Vivek (2007): Small is Beautiful but Size Matters: The Asymmetric Impact of Uncertainty and Sunk Costs on Small and Large Businesses.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:5529
2019-09-29T12:18:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5529/
TECHNOLOGISCHE CHANCEN UND TECHNISCHER FORTSCHRITT: EINE EMPIRISCHE UNTERSUCHUNG
Harabi, Najib
O30 - General
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
The main purpose of the paper is to analyse empirically the sources of technological opportunities. The analysis is based on a survey among 358 R&D managers operating in 127 different busniss units in Switzerland.
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht darin, die Frage nach den technologischen Chancen - d.h. nach den Chancen von Innovatoren, Zugang zu ökonomisch verwertbarem technischem Wissen zu haben - anhand schweizerischer Daten empirisch zu untersuchen. Dabei wird dieser zentrale angebotsseitige Bestimmungsfaktor des technischen Fortschritts nicht nur generell für die gesamte Industrie, sondern auch im Hinblick auf interindustrielle Unterschiede untersucht. Die Analyse basiert auf einer im Sommer 1988 durchgeführten schriftlichen und mündlichen Expertenbefragung in der Schweizer Industrie. Von den 940 befragten Experten (vorwiegend F&E-Leiter ausgewählter Unternehmen) haben 358 oder ca. 40% geantwortet; sie waren in 127 verschiedenen Wirtschaftsarten tätig.
1993-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5529/1/MPRA_paper_5529.pdf
Harabi, Najib (1993): TECHNOLOGISCHE CHANCEN UND TECHNISCHER FORTSCHRITT: EINE EMPIRISCHE UNTERSUCHUNG. Published in: Working Papers Series, Institute of Economics, University of Zurich No. No. 28 (May 1993)
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6239
2019-09-30T16:47:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523132
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6239/
EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS
Barrios, Salvador
Bertinelli, Luisito
Heinen, Andreas
O30 - General
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
L60 - General
We measure the effect of R&D spillovers on plant productivity by taking account of (i) the national origin of the spillovers, (ii) the mechanism through which spillovers may flow (FDI and/or imports), (iii) the sectoral scope of spillovers, as well as (iv) their geographic scope, in a single analytical framework. Our analysis is based on an exhaustive database on Irish manufacturing plants covering the period 1986-1994. The results show that while domestic plants benefit from local R&D spillovers, these spillovers are spatially bounded. Domestic plants are also able to tap into the global R&D pool, but only via the presence of multinational plants located near them. In contrast, there is no evidence that foreign affiliates located in Ireland are recipients of local R&D spillovers. Foreign affiliates do, however, gain from the size of the R&D stock in their origin country.
2007-08-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6239/1/MPRA_paper_6239.pdf
Barrios, Salvador and Bertinelli, Luisito and Heinen, Andreas (2007): EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6301
2019-09-29T02:48:29Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523132
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6301/
EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS
Barrios, Salvador
Bertinelli, Luisito
Heinen, Andreas
Strobl, Eric
O30 - General
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
L60 - General
We measure the effect of R&D spillovers on plant productivity by taking account of (i) the national origin of the spillovers, (ii) the mechanism through which spillovers may flow (FDI and/or imports), (iii) the sectoral scope of spillovers, as well as (iv) their geographic scope, in a single analytical framework. Our analysis is based on an exhaustive database on Irish manufacturing plants covering the period 1986-1994. The results show that while domestic plants benefit from local R&D spillovers, these spillovers are spatially bounded. Domestic plants are also able to tap into the global R&D pool, but only via the presence of multinational plants located near them. In contrast, there is no evidence that foreign affiliates located in Ireland are recipients of local R&D spillovers. Foreign affiliates do, however, gain from the size of the R&D stock in their origin country.
2007-08-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6301/1/MPRA_paper_6301.pdf
Barrios, Salvador and Bertinelli, Luisito and Heinen, Andreas and Strobl, Eric (2007): EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6725
2019-09-26T18:34:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6725/
Technischer Fortschritt in der Schweiz: Empirische Ergebnisse aus industrieökonomischer Sicht
Harabi, Najib
O30 - General
L6 - Industry Studies: Manufacturing
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
Technischer Fortschritt ist eine der wichtigsten Triebkräfte der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung von Unternehmen, Wirtschaftszweigen und Volkswirtschaften. Die Auseinandersetzung mit der Natur, Determinanten und Konsequenzen dieses Phänomens steht seit einiger Zeit im Zentrum der theoretischen und empirischen Forschung der Wirtschaftswissenschaften. Die vorliegende Arbeit, die einen Beitrag zu dieser Forschung darstellt, befasst sich konkret mit den folgenden Hauptfragen:
1. Wie wird technischer Fortschritt definiert und gemessen? Und welches sind die entsprechenden quantitativen und qualitativen Ergebnisse für die Schweiz, vor allem auf Branchenebene?
2. Welches sind theoretisch die Determinanten interindustrieller Unterschiede im technischen Fortschritt? Oder, in einfachen Worten: Was erklärt im Wesentlichen, dass ein bestimmter Markt (bzw. ein bestimmter Wirtschaftszweig) mehr technische Innovationen hervorbringt als ein anderer?
3. Welches sind empirisch, zunächst rein deskriptiv und dann ökonometrisch, diese Erklärungsfaktoren im Falle der Schweizer Industrie?
Die Analyse basiert auf einer schriftlichen und mündlichen Befragung von 940 Experten in 127 verschiedenen Wirtschaftszweigen. Die Ergebnisse sind für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Politik von grosser Relevanz
1994-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6725/1/MPRA_paper_6725.pdf
Harabi, Najib (1994): Technischer Fortschritt in der Schweiz: Empirische Ergebnisse aus industrieökonomischer Sicht. Published in: Arbeitspapiere Reihe C/ WWI (Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Institut) der Universität Zürich , Vol. Nr.5, (January 1994): pp. 240-250.
de
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6831
2019-09-27T17:25:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D42:4232
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6831/
The modernity of backwardness
Freeman, Alan
O1 - Economic Development
O10 - General
O30 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
B2 - History of Economic Thought since 1925
B00 - General
This paper revisits one of the classic debates on world capitalist development – the ‘transition to capitalism’ debate framed in Robert Brenner’s classic critique of World Systems and Dependency Theory.
It was originally presented to the July 2007 conference of the International Confederation for Pluralism in Economics (ICAPE) and in a slightly modified form, to the September 2007 conference of the UK Political Studies Association.
The paper argues that the 1970s discussion was founded on an deeply flawed understanding of the mechanisms by which modern capitalist production relations produce what is termed ‘backwardness’.
Economics has failed to develop an adequate explanation for the most persistent phenomenon of the modern world – the polarisation of the world’s national economies, grouped within two great and remarkably geographically stable blocs.
The reason, I argue in this paper, is the general equilibrium paradigm which predicts that modern capitalist production, left to its own devices, must necessarily even out national differences in productivity, wages, and profits over time. However the reverse happens, and development theory is deprived of an adequate explanation for national differentiation in terms of the ordinary mechanisms of the capitalist market.
This loss is compounded by parallel failure within Marxist value theory. The paper locates the origin of this failure within the systematic replacement of this theory by an equilibrium re-interpretation of it, converting it into a variant of the very orthodoxy to which it was supposed to offer an alternative.
The paper assesses the skewed character which results, in contemporary accounts (both within and outside economics) of development, dependency, inequality and imperialism. These are driven to assign inappropriate weight to ‘political and ‘cultural’ mechanisms or to classify the economic circumstances of the poor nations as in some sense exceptional or abnormal for capitalism. The idea that underdevelopment – ‘backwardness’ – is a failure to catch up or an absence of modernity, has thus become the conceptual framework for discussing the national difference produced by modernity.
This is particularly clear in the evidently symbiotic and mutually conditioned development of slavery in the USA and the Industrial Revolution (with Cotton at its centre) in the UK. Antebellum slavery, once the economic mechanisms are clarified, can be understood not as a backward survival from a precapitalist era, but a product of modern capitalism itself.
This principle is a general one. ‘Backwardness’, I argue, is a disguised outcome of the most modern of all economic processes – the constant technical revolutions that characterise industrial capitalism.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6831/1/MPRA_paper_6831.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2007): The modernity of backwardness.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6833
2019-09-26T21:51:43Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6833/
Crisis and the Poverty of Nations: Two Market Products Which Value Explains Better
Freeman, Alan
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
O30 - General
O10 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
This article appeared as ‘Crisis and the Poverty of Nations: Two Market Products Which Value Explains Better’, Symposium on Robert Brenner and the World Crisis, Historical Materialism No.5, Winter 1999, pp 29-77. London: LSE. ISSN 0 9532171 4 0
The original can be referenced at http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/brill/hm/1999/00000005/00000001;jsessionid=3ov2260kgo9po.henrietta
The article demonstrates using empirical data, that the concept of value is required to understand three phenomena, produced by the market, which call its own existence into question.
*(crisis – a sharp and well-defined interruption in growth, accompanied by a fall in money profits, a rise in unemployment, and a sudden fall in asset prices – every 7-12 years;
*general crisis – prolonged 20-40 year phases of relatively slow growth, accompanied by a declining average profit rate, permanent unemployment, economic turbulence and political instability (including war, racism, and rising barbarism) alternating with 15-30 year phases of stable rapid growth.
*long term growth in inequality between nations. The gap between rich and poor countries has grown for a hundred and fifty years almost without remission, accelerating sharply since 1981 at the onset of ‘globalisation’ – the re-construction of a unified world market.
Keywords: crisis, inequality, Brenner, Value, profit rate, long waves, world systems, TSSI, temporalism
1999-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6833/1/MPRA_paper_6833.pdf
Freeman, Alan (1999): Crisis and the Poverty of Nations: Two Market Products Which Value Explains Better. Published in: HIstorical Materialism No. 5 (November 1999): pp. 29-77.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:6836
2019-09-29T07:15:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4234
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D42:4232
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6836/
Explaining national inequality: the relevance of Marx and the irrelevance of equilibrium
Freeman, Alan
O1 - Economic Development
O10 - General
O30 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
B2 - History of Economic Thought since 1925
B00 - General
This paper was originally presented at the ‘Marxism and Political Economy’ conference called by the International Socialist Journal on Saturday 29th September 2007. A revised version was presented to the Historical Materialism conference on 13th November 2007. It enquires why, although national economic equality is one of the most persistent features of the history of capitalism, economics as yet lacks a coherent economic explanation of it. It also enquires why Marxism has failed to develop such an explanation, and concludes that in both cases the inadequacies of existing theory arise from the constraints of the general equilibrium paradigm. In the second case, however, this paradigm is wrongly attributed to Marx.
The paper argues that Marx’s own, original theory of value, contains the basis for an economic mechanism of divergence in the formation of market value as the average of many producers of differing productivities. The persistence of productivity differentials – excluded by the general equilibrium paradigm – is maintained by a positive feedback mechanism. It yields a surplus (above average) profit to the high productivity producers, who become geographically concentrated within a definite and very stable block of nation-states at an early point in the history of capitalism. From then on, this extra profit could be invested in maintaining a permanent productivity lead. This is an entirely temporal effect and cannot be predicted or reproduced if it is pre-supposed that productivity differentials are ignorable.
2007-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6836/1/MPRA_paper_6836.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2007): Explaining national inequality: the relevance of Marx and the irrelevance of equilibrium.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7069
2019-09-27T10:39:09Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453233
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7069/
A New Class of Production Functions and an Argument Against Purely Labor-Augmenting Technical Change
Growiec, Jakub
O30 - General
E23 - Production
O40 - General
This paper follows Jones (2005) in his approach to deriving the global production function from microfoundations. His framework is generalized by allowing for dependence between the Pareto distributions of labor- and capital-augmenting developments. Using the Clayton copula family to capture this dependence, we derive a “Clayton-Pareto” class of production functions that nests both the Cobb-Douglas and the CES. Embedding the resultant production function in a neoclassical growth framework, we draw conclusions for the long-run direction of technical change. Jones’ result of Cobb-Douglas global production functions and purely labor-augmenting technical change hinges on the assumption of independence of marginal Pareto distributions. In our more general case, the shape of local production functions matters for the shape of the global production function, and technical change augments both factors in the long run. Furthermore, the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor may exceed unity and thus yield endogenous growth.
2006-06-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7069/1/MPRA_paper_7069.pdf
Growiec, Jakub (2006): A New Class of Production Functions and an Argument Against Purely Labor-Augmenting Technical Change. Forthcoming in: International Journal of Economic Theory
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7111
2019-09-29T17:47:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3130
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7111/
A STUDY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OUTSOURCING
Boldea, Ioan
O30 - General
M10 - General
M21 - Business Economics
IT outsourcing is the practice of contracting out the running of a part of an organization computer department. It is not a new phenomenon, but the scale and scope of its occurrence has greatly increased over the last decade. Due to the fact that IT outsourcing has no obviously and quantifiable benefits, most of the business entities choose not to do outsource their IT.
The paper is based on the idea of incapability of exact determination of IT services costs. The purpose of this research regards the layout of the current approaches to outsourcing, description of different types of IT outsourcing and their advantages and the analysis of some models which might be used in order to facilitate the IT decision making process.
2006-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7111/1/MPRA_paper_7111.pdf
Boldea, Ioan (2006): A STUDY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OUTSOURCING. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7261
2017-12-22T04:01:51Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7713
2019-09-30T09:42:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443538
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7713/
Building an Innovative Economy through Managed Creative Destruction: A Theory with Applications to South Korea
Khan, Haider
O38 - Government Policy
O30 - General
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
O43 - Institutions and Growth
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
D58 - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
This paper presents a somewhat novel theory of innovation in the economy wide setting. The starting point for this theory is the creative destruction process at the firm and industry level. However, an extension to an economy wide setting requires the explicit theorization of the role of the state as well as an interacting nonlinear market process. The direction in which the theory leads is a complex interaction between state policies and market processes that influence the decisions taken by specific firms in particular areas of innovative activities. The key concept that is developed in this context can be called a Managed Creative Destruction(MCD) process. In a national (or regional) MCD, the creative destruction process characterizing innovation is structured more consciously by the state (or the states in a particular region). It can be argued that China is now going through this process. In this paper the particular case studied is South Korea's recent historical experience. Following Schumpeter we assume that innovation in specific firms can have economy-wide effects. Models based on this idea can be shown to have multiple equilibria. The idea of a positive feedback loop innovation system or POLIS is formalized by picking an appropriate sequence of equilibria over time. It is shown that POLIS has empirical relevance by applying the formal model to an actual economy. Recent financial crisis in many Asian countries, most notably South Korea, seems to have reversed the conventional wisdom regarding the East Asian “miracle”. This paper applies the concept of a POLIS to show that neither the current view that the miracle was a mirage nor the earlier contrarian view that the growth was a result of factor accumulation only is correct. Ultimately technological transformation — in particular the creation of a positive feedback loop innovation system is what makes the difference between sustained growth and gradual or sudden decline. Although various problems remain in both the real and the financial sectors, it will be premature to dismiss the impressive achievements and the future possibilities of the South Korean economy
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7713/1/MPRA_paper_7713.pdf
Khan, Haider (2008): Building an Innovative Economy through Managed Creative Destruction: A Theory with Applications to South Korea.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7722
2019-09-28T04:43:52Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3331
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7722/
Labour Market Rigidity and Economic Efficiency with Non-General Purpose Technical Change
Grimalda, Gianluca
J31 - Wage Level and Structure ; Wage Differentials
O30 - General
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
The contrasting effects of labour market rigidity on efficiency are investigated in a model where technological change is non-general purpose and different types of skills are available to workers. Ex ante efficiency calls for high labour market rigidity, as this favours workers’ acquisition of specific skills which have higher productivity in equilibrium. Ex post efficiency calls for low market rigidity, as this allows more workers to transfer to the innovating sector of the economy. The trade-off between these two mechanisms results in an inverse-U shaped relationship between output and labour market rigidity, which implies that a positive level of labour market rigidity is in general beneficial for the economy.
1971-12-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7722/1/MPRA_paper_7722.pdf
Grimalda, Gianluca (1971): Labour Market Rigidity and Economic Efficiency with Non-General Purpose Technical Change.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:7917
2019-10-04T04:38:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7917/
Growth Effects of a Comprehensive Measure of Globalization with Country Specific Time Series Data
Rao, B. Bhaskara
Tamazian, Artur
Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O10 - General
O30 - General
Many studies have estimated the growth effects of globalization where globalization was measured with a few economic variables, ignoring its social and political dimensions. Recently Dreher (2006) has developed a comprehensive measure of globalization with several variables from the economic, political and social sectors. He showed, with the panel data methods, that globalization has positive growth effect implying that countries with higher globalization grow faster. We argue that five year average growth rates, used in many panel data studies, are inadequate proxies for the unobservable steady state growth rate (SSGR). Using the Dreher indices we extend the Solow (1956) model to derive country specific estimates of SSGRs for Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, India and the Philippines. Our results show that countries with higher levels of globalization have higher SSGRs but the growth effects on SSGRs are smaller than in many studies.
2008-03-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7917/1/MPRA_paper_7917.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara and Tamazian, Artur and Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya (2008): Growth Effects of a Comprehensive Measure of Globalization with Country Specific Time Series Data.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8226
2019-09-26T17:41:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8226/
Mergers, acquisitions and technological regimes: the European experience over the period 2002- 2005
Damiani, Mirella
Pompei, Fabrizio
O30 - General
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
L60 - General
Comparisons by countries and by sectors of mergers and acquisitions have usually been performed in separate fields of research. A first group of studies, focusing on international comparisons, has explored the role of corporate governance systems, investor protection laws and other countries’ regulatory institutions as the main determinants of takeovers around the world. A second group of contributions has attributed a central role to variations in industry composition, documenting that, in each country, mergers occur in waves and within each wave clustering by industry is observed. This paper aims to integrate both perspectives and to make comparisons by countries and by sectors, thus exploring the role of various driving forces on takeover activities.
It also intends to consider the specific influence that technological regimes and their innovation patterns may exert in reallocating assets and moving capital among sectors. This will be done by examining the European experience of the last few years (2002-2005). We found that even in countries where transfer of control is a frequent phenomenon, mergers are less frequent in those sectors where innovation is a cumulative process and where takeovers may be a threat to the continuity of accumulation of innovative capabilities.
2008-04-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8226/1/MPRA_paper_8226.pdf
Damiani, Mirella and Pompei, Fabrizio (2008): Mergers, acquisitions and technological regimes: the European experience over the period 2002- 2005.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8596
2019-09-27T05:46:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8596/
Liberating Supply: Fiscal Policy and Technological Innovation in a Multicountry Model
Bayoumi, Tamim
Coe, David T.
Laxton, Douglas
O30 - General
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O40 - General
This paper examines how endogenizing technological progress in a multicountry macroeconometric model affects the analysis of fiscal policies. It uses an expanded version of the IMF's multicountry model, MULTIMOD, in which total factor productivity (TFP) is endogenized as a function of domestic research and development (R&D) expenditures, R&D expenditures of trading partners, and trade. Compared with the standard version of the model with exogenous TFP, fiscal policies have much larger and long-lived effects on the domestic economy and on other countries.
1998-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8596/1/MPRA_paper_8596.pdf
Bayoumi, Tamim and Coe, David T. and Laxton, Douglas (1998): Liberating Supply: Fiscal Policy and Technological Innovation in a Multicountry Model.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8944
2019-09-28T02:02:40Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8944/
Short and long Term behavior of Knowledge
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
E0 - General
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O30 - General
A20 - General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
D80 - General
A10 - General
This paper explores the behaviour of knowledge in the short and long term. Knowledge behaves very different in the short term than in the long term. Once we can measure knowledge it is then possible to look at its behaviour, an impossibility if there where no theory formulated to measure knowledge. Once we can measure, humans can attempt to put knowledge in formulae that make sense. This paper is a follow up to the previous papers, written by the same author. These papers being “The Fundamental theory of Knowledge”, “Point X and the Economics of Knowledge”, and “Measuring a societies Knowledge Base”. The paper is a consistent follow up from the basic theories of knowledge that where developed in those papers, keeping knowledge simply in the scientific realm, as any science should attempt, if economics is a science then its aim is truly to measure economic phenomenon, otherwise economics remains in the realm of art and philosophy where anything goes. Measuring means we can manage. Knowing the long and short term behaviour of knowledge means that societies will be better placed to manage knowledge. The short term though is much easier to manage than the long term, but then again this is a known fact take care of the pennies and the pounds will look after themselves, meaning take care of the small things and the big things will be easier to look after. This paper allows us to understand knowledge in a deeper way than before.
2008-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8944/1/MPRA_paper_8944.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2008): Short and long Term behavior of Knowledge. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9643
2019-09-30T16:43:16Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D42:4230:423030
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413132
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9643/
The Variable Time: crucial to understanding Knowledge Economics
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu
O10 - General
A20 - General
B00 - General
C60 - General
O30 - General
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
C02 - Mathematical Methods
D80 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
Though time is a concept mostly associated with physics and philosophy, the concept of time is important to be understood in the discipline of economics. This paper attempts to highlight the importance of time in economics, particularly in knowledge economics, the discipline of economics that looks into the primary commodity, knowledge. The paper attempts to take into account the non linear time concepts that have been very important since Einstein published his papers back in 1905. Without understanding time in a comprehensive manner, it is not possible to have a firm grip on the process of the economic progression of all societies. A theory must hold true in all societies, the characteristics of time must be the same in all societies, as an atom must behave the same in similar laboratory conditions in all societies. This paper will illustrate that without understanding the variable time, it is not possible to fully comprehend knowledge economics.
2008-07-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9643/1/MPRA_paper_9643.pdf
Khumalo, Bhekuzulu (2008): The Variable Time: crucial to understanding Knowledge Economics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9849
2019-09-26T14:36:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30:4E3030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9849/
Innovation, Diffusion and the Distribution of Income in a Malthusian Economy
Staley, Mark
O30 - General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
N00 - General
O40 - General
Between 5000 BCE and 1800, the population of the world grew 120-fold despite constraints on the total amount of land available for production. This paper develops a model linking population growth to increasing productivity driven by random innovation and diffusion. People are endowed with a set of skills obtained from their parents or neighbours, but those skills are imperfectly applied during their lifetimes. The resulting variation in productivity leads to a distribution of income and to a process of diffusion whereby high-income activities spread at the expense of low-income activities. An analytic formula is derived for the steady-state distribution of income. The model predicts that the rate of growth of population approaches an asymptotic limit, whereupon there are no scale effects. The model also predicts that if the rate of diffusion of knowledge is increased, the growth rate will increase.
2008-05-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9849/1/MPRA_paper_9849.pdf
Staley, Mark (2008): Innovation, Diffusion and the Distribution of Income in a Malthusian Economy. Published in: Journal of Evolutionary Economics , Vol. 20, No. 5 (2010): pp. 689-714.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10512
2019-10-01T03:54:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10512/
Allais-anonymity as an alternative to the discounted-sum criterion in the calculus of optimal growth I: Consensual optimality
Mabrouk, Mohamed
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
O30 - General
D90 - General
C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis
The objective of this work is to try to define and calculate the optimal growth path, in the presence of exogenous technical change, without resorting to the discounted-sum criterion. The solution suggested is to consider an optimality criterion expressing an Allais-anonymous intergenerational consensus. The partial characterization of consensual optimality was made possible thanks to the decomposition of the dual of the space of sub-geometric sequences of reason p. The main finding is a relation between the marginal rate of substitution between bequest and heritage, and the growth rate, relation which is a necessary condition for consensual optimality. The necessary study of the Pareto-optimality of the consensual optimum is the subject of a forthcoming paper "Allais-anonymity as an alternative to the discounted-sum criterion in the calculus of optimal growth II: Pareto optimality and some economic interpretations".
2006-04-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10512/1/MPRA_paper_10512.pdf
Mabrouk, Mohamed (2006): Allais-anonymity as an alternative to the discounted-sum criterion in the calculus of optimal growth I: Consensual optimality.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10733
2019-10-03T14:23:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433637
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10733/
The Multipliers and Key Sectors of Entrepreneurship Spillover: An input-output approach
Massón-Guerra, José Luis
O30 - General
L26 - Entrepreneurship
O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
C67 - Input-Output Models
The Entrepreneurship Spillover evaluates the systemic effect of creating enterprises in different sectors and industries from a new firm created in a given sector. One way to estimate these Entrepreneurship Spillovers is doing an adaptation of the methodology applied by Dietzenbacher, (2002); Dietzenbacher and Los, (2002a,b) Diezenbacher and Volkerink (1998) that they used to determinate the Knowledge Spillover through R&D multipliers. In this regard, the objectives of this paper are: (a) to develop a methodology that allows calculating the concept of entrepreneurship spillover; (b) to identify the key sectors of entrepreneurship; and (c) to determinate the multipliers of business creation. With these aims, the methodological design is based on an adaptation of the model of input-output matrix (Leontief, 1936; Dietzenbacher and Los, 2002 a y b).
2008-06-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10733/1/MPRA_paper_10733.pdf
Massón-Guerra, José Luis (2008): The Multipliers and Key Sectors of Entrepreneurship Spillover: An input-output approach.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:10748
2019-09-28T04:43:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433637
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10748/
Entrepreneurship Spillover and the determinants of Key Sectors for new business creation: An inter-sectorial approach
Massón-Guerra, José Luis
Vendrell-Ferrero, Ferran
O30 - General
L26 - Entrepreneurship
O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
C67 - Input-Output Models
Whereas the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship focuses on the diffusion of innovative output and knowledge filter among new firms and industries (Acts, et al., 2005; Audrescht, 2007), it has not been studied the phenomenon of entrepreneurship dissemination or entrepreneurship spillover
among sectors. From an adaptation of the model of input-output matrix (Leontief, 1936; Dietzenbacher and Los, 2002) we develop a methodology that allows calculating the concept of entrepreneurship spillover. Besides, using intra-sectorial data from the 73 Spanish sectors, we empirically test the characteristics of the sectors with more entrepreneurship spillover. In short, the results clearly state that higher diversity and competition entails more entrepreneurship spillover. Moreover, the innovation only affects positively entrepreneurship spillover in restricted situations, briefly when the sectors have high competition and/or a high degree of technology.
2008-09-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10748/1/MPRA_paper_10748.pdf
Massón-Guerra, José Luis and Vendrell-Ferrero, Ferran (2008): Entrepreneurship Spillover and the determinants of Key Sectors for new business creation: An inter-sectorial approach.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11027
2019-09-26T15:01:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E36:4E3633
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4E:4E35:4E3533
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11027/
Industrial energy from water-mills in the European economy, 5th to 18th Centuries: the limitations of power,
Munro, John H.
N63 - Europe: Pre-1913
O30 - General
N53 - Europe: Pre-1913
Q40 - General
O52 - Europe
L60 - General
The water-mill, though known in the Roman Empire from the second century BCE, did not come to enjoy any widespread use until the 4th or 5th centuries CE, and then chiefly in the West, which was then experiencing not only a rapid decline in the supply of slaves, but also widespread depopulation, and thus a severe scarcity of labour. For the West -- those regions that came to form Europe -- the water-mill then became by far the predominant ‘prime mover’: i.e., an apparatus that converts natural energy into mechanical power. The classic study, as a monograph in technological and engineering history, is Terry S. Reynolds, Stronger than a Hundred Men: A History of the Vertical Water Wheel (Baltimore and London, 1983). Indeed he has calculated that even the early medieval watermills provided about 2 hp, enough to liberate from 30 to 60 persons from the wearisome task of grinding grain into flour, the mill’s virtually sole use during the first millennium. He, and others, have neglected to note, however, that, apart from providing such economies in labour, water-mills also conserved on the capital and land resources (fodder crops) that would have been required to produce a comparable amount of power with animal-powered mills (horses, mules).
The aim of this study is to analyse in greater depth the economic implications and consequences of the application of water-mills, their impact on European economic history up to the Industrial Revolution era, in those areas not well treated by Reynolds and other historians: in the fields of mining, metallurgy, and textiles – including the cotton industry of the initial phase of the Industrial Revolution. The study also necessarily analyses as well the necessary technological innovations to achieve the productivity gains in these economic sectors: especially in the devices (cam and crankshafts) to convert the basic rotary power of mills into reciprocal power, initially to operate trip-hammers; and the more gradual, if only late-medieval, displacement of the original undershot wheels with the far more effective, if more capital costly, overshot wheels. The study thus begins with the late-medieval technological revolutions in both mining and metallurgy, providing the key transitions to the early-modern European economy.
A demonstration of significant productivity gains is counterbalanced, however, in this study by an examination of the physical and economic limitations on the uses of water-power and, particularly in the field of woollen-cloth production, the negative consequences of water-powered machinery, in the form of both fulling-mills and gig-mills (cloth-finishing), in impairing the quality of the finer fabrics. In particular, cost-benefit analyses are provided to show why the late-medieval English cloth industry did indeed achieve significant gains in switching from foot- to mechanical-fulling, while, at the same time, the leading draperies of the late-medieval Low Countries were perfectly rational in eschewing such mills before the 16th century – when they did indeed adopt them, for rather different types of textiles. On the other hand, and indeed in striking contrast, the application of water-power in the medieval production of silks and then especially in the 18th-century production of the new cotton textiles, with those major innovations of the Industrial Revolution era (water-frame and mule) had the opposite result: of greatly improving quality while also radically reducing production costs. Indeed quality-improvements in spinning cotton yarns was the chief goal of these entrepreneurs, with the ambition of displacing fine Asian textiles from world markets.
2002-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11027/1/MPRA_paper_11027.pdf
Munro, John H. (2002): Industrial energy from water-mills in the European economy, 5th to 18th Centuries: the limitations of power,. Published in: Economia ed energia, seccoli XIII - XVIII, Atti delle ‘Settimane di Studi’ e altrie Convegni, Istituto Internazionale di Storia Economica, F. Datini , Vol. 34, No. 1 (2003): pp. 223-269.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11041
2019-09-27T21:47:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3235
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3334
7375626A656374733D49:4930
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3134
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3633
7375626A656374733D4E:4E36:4E3635
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C35:4C3532
7375626A656374733D49:4930:493030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3230
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11041/
Policies for Industrial Learning in China and Mexico: Neo-developmental vs. Neo-liberal approaches
Shafaeddin, Mehdi
Gallaher, Kevin
O38 - Government Policy
O25 - Industrial Policy
O34 - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
I0 - General
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
L60 - General
O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology
L63 - Microelectronics ; Computers ; Communications Equipment
N65 - Asia including Middle East
O30 - General
F10 - General
L52 - Industrial Policy ; Sectoral Planning Methods
I00 - General
O20 - General
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
Abstract
Previous work has shown that the results of both China and Mexico’s export-led market reforms over the past quarter century have been strikingly different. In contrast to China, Mexico has not managed to increase the value added of its exports of manufactured goods and has subsequently had a difficult time competing with China in world markets. Building on this previous work, in this paper we conduct a comparative analysis of the role of government policies in industrial learning and the development of capabilities of indigenous firms in Mexico and China in order to shed light on why China is so outperforming Mexico. We find that Mexico and China have had starkly different approaches to economic reform in this area. Mexico’s approach to reform has been a “neo-liberal” one, whereas China’s could be described as “neo-developmental.” Mexico’s hands-off approach to learning has resulted in a lack of development of endogenous capacity of domestic firms, little transfer of technology, negligible progress in the upgrading of industrial production, and little increase in value added of exports. By contrast, China has deployed a hands-on approach of targeting and nurturing domestic firms through a gradual and trial and error led set of government policies.
2008-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11041/1/MPRA_paper_11041.pdf
Shafaeddin, Mehdi and Gallaher, Kevin (2008): Policies for Industrial Learning in China and Mexico: Neo-developmental vs. Neo-liberal approaches.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11136
2019-09-26T16:41:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493230
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11136/
Energy Power, Digital Infrastructure and Elearning Platforms: Afrrican Experience.
NWAOBI, GODWIN
O30 - General
I20 - General
Q40 - General
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
D80 - General
Information and communication technologies are one of the most pervasive technologies in the world, second only to 'human intelligence' or the human brain. Thus, understanding the factors that determine the diffusion of new technologies across african countries is important to understanding the process of economic development. And whereas, energy is linked with the capacity to perform, the rate at which energy is consumed for the acceleration of the pace of socio-economic activities is regarded as power. Consequently, it will be obvious that the magnitude of the standard of living in any society; the growth and development of such an economy; and its ability to affect the course of events(such as ICT revolution)will be a function of the extent to which its energy(power) resources are developed and utilised. This paper therefore argued for the need to provide assistance in reducing vulnerability and building the capacity of african countries to more widely reap the benefits of the clean development mechanism in areas such as the development of cleaner and renewable energies. Inevitably, this is the critical condition for the sustainability of the emergent e-learning platforms and digital networks in africa.
2008-10-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11136/1/MPRA_paper_11136.pdf
NWAOBI, GODWIN (2008): Energy Power, Digital Infrastructure and Elearning Platforms: Afrrican Experience.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11525
2019-10-12T17:10:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513535
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11525/
Optimal Induced Innovation and Growth with Congestion of a Limited Natural Resource
Tavani, Daniele
O30 - General
Q55 - Technological Innovation
In a simple Neoclassical Growth Model with endogenous technical change, I expand
on the hypothesis of Induced Innovation including a production externality from a xed
input, called `land', which represents the carrying capacity of the earth's atmosphere.
Land is assumed to be congested by the use of labor and capital in production. A market
economy where land is free will fail to reach a steady state, and may end up in either
of three possible cases: (i) a catastrophe driven by overaccumulation; (ii) a state in
which Induced Innovation stops capital deepening but not environmental decline; (iii) a
path of perpetual decumulation of capital resembling an industrial counterrevolution. A
planned economy, instead, will assign a shadow-price to land, thus setting in motion the
Induced Innovation engine and fostering land-augmenting technological progress which
will reduce environmental stress. The unique equilibrium if this economy is found to
be locally asymptotically stable in the numerical analysis for substitution elasticities
smaller than 1. The corresponding direction of technical change is characterized by
constant shares of all inputs, a positive growth rate of labor- and land-augmenting
technologies, and by a rate of growth of capital-augmentation equal to zero.
2008-11-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11525/1/MPRA_paper_11525.pdf
Tavani, Daniele (2008): Optimal Induced Innovation and Growth with Congestion of a Limited Natural Resource.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11777
2019-10-04T00:30:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:4133:413330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11777/
Questionary Research to Learn State of Affairs of Technological Support CRM
Vaněk, Jindřich
Suchánek, Petr
A30 - General
O10 - General
O30 - General
L10 - General
Evaluation exercise was made on the basis primary research in which service organizations was spoken. They were answered for questions interrelated to customer relationship management (CRM).
2006-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11777/1/MPRA_paper_11777.pdf
Vaněk, Jindřich and Suchánek, Petr (2006): Questionary Research to Learn State of Affairs of Technological Support CRM. Published in: 4-th international symposium International Business Administration (April 2006): pp. 464-471.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12024
2019-09-28T11:04:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513535
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12024/
Optimal Induced Innovation and Growth with Congestion of a Limited Natural Resource
Tavani, Daniele
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
O30 - General
Q55 - Technological Innovation
In a simple Neoclassical Growth Model with endogenous technical change, I expand
on the hypothesis of Induced Innovation including a production externality from a xed
input, called `land', which represents the carrying capacity of the earth's atmosphere.
Land is assumed to be congested by the use of labor and capital in production. A market
economy where land is free will fail to reach a steady state, and may end up in either
of three possible cases: (i) a catastrophe driven by overaccumulation; (ii) a state in
which Induced Innovation stops capital deepening but not environmental decline; (iii) a
path of perpetual decumulation of capital resembling an industrial counterrevolution. A
planned economy, instead, will assign a shadow-price to land, thus setting in motion the
Induced Innovation engine and fostering land-augmenting technological progress which
will reduce environmental stress. The unique equilibrium if this economy is found to
be locally asymptotically stable in the numerical analysis for substitution elasticities
smaller than 1. The corresponding direction of technical change is characterized by
constant shares of all inputs, a positive growth rate of labor- and land-augmenting
technologies, and by a rate of growth of capital-augmentation equal to zero.
2008-11-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12024/1/MPRA_paper_12024.pdf
Tavani, Daniele (2008): Optimal Induced Innovation and Growth with Congestion of a Limited Natural Resource.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12340
2019-09-26T23:59:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3635
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3230
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463134
7375626A656374733D47:4733:473334
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3232
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12340/
Global Competitiveness of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry: Trends and Strategies
Pradhan, Jaya Prakash
L65 - Chemicals ; Rubber ; Drugs ; Biotechnology
O30 - General
L20 - General
F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
G34 - Mergers ; Acquisitions ; Restructuring ; Corporate Governance
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
What are the trends in the global competitiveness of the Indian pharmaceutical industry? Where does this industry stand when compared to global peers on pharmaceutical value-added, productivity, research and development and trade performance? What are the new strategies that Indian pharmaceutical companies are adopting to become global players? These questions are addressed in this paper. It is found that strategic government policies were the main factors that transformed the status of the Indian pharmaceutical industry from a mere importer and distributor of drugs and pharmaceuticals to an innovation-driven cost-effective producer of quality drugs. India emerged as one of the fast growing pharmaceutical industry in the world with growing trade surpluses and exports. However, there are certain limitations that the government policies need to address, like low productivity and R&D intensity. A host of competitive strategies, like greenfield direct investment, overseas acquisitions, strategic alliances and contract manufacturing have emerged as favourites to Indian pharmaceutical firms recently.
2006-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12340/1/MPRA_paper_12340.pdf
Pradhan, Jaya Prakash (2006): Global Competitiveness of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry: Trends and Strategies.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12363
2019-09-27T13:42:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3432
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12363/
Towards a sustainable Growth story: A critical analysis of the fundamentals
Saraswat, Deepak
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O42 - Monetary Growth Models
O30 - General
In this paper, I will develop an insight into the growth process of Indian Economy and will find that increased inequality due to unconventional transitions have its negative implications for future growth prospects and the overall issue of sustainability. The objective of this paper is to throw light on theoretical concepts of growth process and to suggest some policies which are in line with the conventions and at the same time are well integrated with the contemporary Indian Economy. Issues like that of consumption inequality, labor mobility etc. have been identified as inhibiting factors for a smooth flow of transitions and with a sector specific analysis, have been dealt with, so as to remove them and make the transition process free flowing, which will bring about a sustainable long-run growth strategy.
2008-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12363/1/MPRA_paper_12363.pdf
Saraswat, Deepak (2008): Towards a sustainable Growth story: A critical analysis of the fundamentals.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:12700
2019-09-26T15:56:45Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12700/
The Internationalization of Inventive Activity: A Gravity Model Using Patent Data
Picci, Lucio
F15 - Economic Integration
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
O30 - General
C24 - Truncated and Censored Models ; Switching Regression Models ; Threshold Regression Models
This paper discusses the extent and the determinants of the internationalization of European inventive activity, between 1990 and 2004, using an innovative method to treat
the information contained in the European Patent Office's Patstat database.
The observed level of internationalization of inventive activities, while being rather low, has steadily increased over time. The amount of collaboration between actors residing in different countries is assessed by means of a "gravity model", as it is familiar in the literature on international trade. The amount of bilateral collaboration is positively affected by the presence of a common language and a common border, and by the common participation in the European Union. Participation in the Euro Zone is also found to have a (marginally) negative effect.
International collaboration is negatively affected by distance, with estimated elasticities that are significantly smaller than the ones that characterize international trade.
Contrary to the rumors about the "death of distance", this effect has become stronger in recent years.
2008-12-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12700/1/MPRA_paper_12700.pdf
Picci, Lucio (2008): The Internationalization of Inventive Activity: A Gravity Model Using Patent Data.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:13261
2019-09-26T13:58:16Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13261/
CO2 Emissions, Research and Technology Transfer in China
Ang, James
Q50 - General
O53 - Asia including Middle East
O30 - General
Q40 - General
O40 - General
Although the economy of China has grown very strongly over the last few decades, this spectacular performance has come at the expense of rapid environmental deterioration. Amidst animated debate on the issue of global warming, this study attempts to explore the determinants of CO2 emissions in China using aggregate data for more than half a century. Adopting an analytical framework that combines the environmental literature with modern endogenous growth theories, the results indicate that CO2 emissions in China are negatively related to research intensity, technology transfer and the absorptive capacity of the economy to assimilate foreign technology. Our findings also indicate that more energy use, higher income and greater trade openness tend to cause more CO2 emissions.
2009-02-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13261/1/MPRA_paper_13261.pdf
Ang, James (2009): CO2 Emissions, Research and Technology Transfer in China.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14147
2019-09-26T22:15:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423531
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14147/
What makes the US Profit Rate Fall?
Freeman, Alan
B51 - Socialist ; Marxian ; Sraffian
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
O30 - General
B4 - Economic Methodology
Since world war II there have been two quite distinct phases of world growth. In about 1965, a long slowdown set in which has still not ended. Robert Brenner (2002, 2003) has re-ignited the debate about its causes, claiming that nothing in either present or past economic theory explains it. He argues for a ‘third explanation’, alternative both to the profit-share hypothesis which dominates today, and the rising output-capital ratio account associated with Marx and Kalecki.
Empirically, the evidence overwhelmingly shows the output-capital ratio is a dominant cause of postwar movements in the US profit rate; thus what Brenner maintains is theoretically impossible, is empirically true. The paper dissects this contradiction which, if economics proceeded scientifically, would lead to a radical critique of its own paradigm, but has instead led it to suppress and ignore the only coherent alternative.
The paper shows Brenner’s rejection of the Marx-Kalecki framework arises because his theoretical paradigm, adapted uncritically from his critics, cannot allow for the effect of falling prices on capital stocks. His own ‘third explanation’ is incompatible with this same framework and can be sustained only by understanding it as the mechanism behind, or ultimate cause of, the movement of the output-capital ratio in price terms.
2009-03-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14147/1/MPRA_paper_14147.pdf
Freeman, Alan (2009): What makes the US Profit Rate Fall?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14297
2019-09-27T16:42:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14297/
Sustained Comparative Advantage and Semi-Endogenous Growth
Petsas, Iordanis
F0 - General
O30 - General
O10 - General
O40 - General
This paper constructs a two-country (Home and Foreign) general equilibrium model of Schumpeterian growth without scale effects. The scale effects property is removed by introducing a distinct specification in the knowledge production function which generates semi-endogenous growth. In this model of semi-endogenous growth, an increase in the rate of population growth rate raises Home’s relative wage and lowers its range of goods exported to Foreign. An increase in the size of innovations increases Home’s relative wage but with an ambiguous effect on its comparative advantage. The model generates a unique steady-state equilibrium in which there is complete specialization in both goods and R&D production within each country.
2009-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14297/1/MPRA_paper_14297.pdf
Petsas, Iordanis (2009): Sustained Comparative Advantage and Semi-Endogenous Growth.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14300
2019-10-02T16:43:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463130
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14300/
Sustained Comparative Advantage in a Model of Schumpeterian Growth without Scale Effects
Petsas, Iordanis
F10 - General
O30 - General
O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
This paper constructs a two-country (Home and Foreign) general equilibrium model of Schumpeterian growth without scale effects. The scale effects property is removed by introducing two distinct specifications in the knowledge production function: the permanent effect on growth (PEG) specification, which allows policy effects on long-run growth; and the temporary effects on growth (TEG) specification, which generates semi-endogenous long-run economic growth. In the present model, the direction of the effect of the size of innovations on the pattern of trade and Home’s relative wage depends on the way in which the scale effects property is removed. Under the PEG specification, changes in the size of innovations increase Home’s comparative advantage and its relative wage, while under the TEG specification, an increase in the size of innovations increases Home’s relative wage but with an ambiguous effect on its comparative advantage.
2008-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14300/1/MPRA_paper_14300.pdf
Petsas, Iordanis (2008): Sustained Comparative Advantage in a Model of Schumpeterian Growth without Scale Effects.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14426
2019-10-29T18:45:42Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14430
2019-09-28T00:39:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14430/
Factors influencing ERP projects success in the vendor selection process
Hurbean, Luminita
O30 - General
Successful implementation of an ERP system is the result of knowledgeable and dedicated people working together. It entails company-wide commitment, openness to change, good planning and experienced guidance.
These primary criteria determine the probability of gaining significant return on investment (ROI) from an ERP system. Using these criteria as guidelines during the system selection process and subsequent implementation can ensure that the chosen system will support and enable the business improvements envisioned.
Among the numerous critical success factors (CSFs) in the implementation of ERP systems, identified and demonstrated by practitioners and academic researchers in the last few years, we will synthesize and analyze the vendor selection issues, in connection to the implementation aspects, as we consider implementation the essential “ingredient” of the ERP success.
2009-03-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14430/1/MPRA_paper_14430.pdf
Hurbean, Luminita (2009): Factors influencing ERP projects success in the vendor selection process.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14470
2019-09-30T07:47:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14470/
How to Increase the Long Run Growth Rate of Bangladesh?
Rao, B. Bhaskara
Hassan, Gazi
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O30 - General
A10 - General
This paper develops a framework to analyse the determinants of the long term growth rate of Bangladesh. It is based on the Solow (1956) growth model and its extension by Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992) and follows Senhadji’s (2000) growth accounting procedure to estimate total factor productivity (TFP). Our growth accounting exercise showed that growth rate in Bangladesh, until 1990, was due to factor accumulation. Since then, however, TFP made a small positive contribution to growth. An analysis of the determinants of TFP showed that remittances by emigrant workers have negative effects which seem to be due to the loss of skilled labour force. Using these results policy options, to double per capita income of Bangladesh in about 15 years, are discussed.
2009-04-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14470/1/MPRA_paper_14470.pdf
Rao, B. Bhaskara and Hassan, Gazi (2009): How to Increase the Long Run Growth Rate of Bangladesh?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14727
2019-09-26T15:39:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3236
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14727/
What is the Effect of the Current Financial Crisis on Venture Capital Financing? Empirical Evidence from US Internet Start-ups
Block, Joern
Sandner, Philipp
O30 - General
L26 - Entrepreneurship
G24 - Investment Banking ; Venture Capital ; Brokerage ; Ratings and Ratings Agencies
Employing a large dataset regarding venture capital investments in US Internet firms, we analyze the effect of the current financial crisis on the venture capital market. Using regression analysis, we find that the financial crisis led to a 20% decrease in the average amount of funds raised per funding round. This effect, however, can only be found in later funding rounds. We argue that firms in later financing rounds that need capital to survive cannot avoid a deduction induced by the financial crisis, whereas firms that seek initial funding postpone their funding and expansion plans until the capital markets have stabilized. Furthermore, firms in later phases of the venture cycle are more likely to be negatively affected by the weak IPO market than firms seeking initial funding. Our results suggest that the financial crisis can lead to a severe "funding gap" in the financing of technological development and innovation.
2009-04-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14727/1/MPRA_paper_14727.pdf
Block, Joern and Sandner, Philipp (2009): What is the Effect of the Current Financial Crisis on Venture Capital Financing? Empirical Evidence from US Internet Start-ups.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15475
2019-10-01T15:44:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3431
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443731
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D44:4439:443930
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433631
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15475/
Allais-anonymity as an alternative to the discounted-sum criterion in the calculus of optimal growth II: Pareto optimality and some economic interpretations
Mabrouk, Mohamed
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
O30 - General
D90 - General
C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis
This paper studies the Pareto-optimality of the consensual optimum established in "Allais-anonymity as an alternative to the discounted-sum criterion I: consensual optimality" (Mabrouk 2006a). For that, a Pareto-optimality criterion is set up by the application of the generalized Karush, Kuhn and Tucker theorem and thanks to the decomposition of the space of geometrically-growing real sequences. That makes it possible to find sufficient conditions so that a bequest-rule path is Pareto-optimal. Through an example, it is then shown that the golden rule must be checked to achieve Allais-anonymous optimality.
The introduction of an additive altruism makes it possible to highlight the intergenerational-preference rate compatible with Allais-anonymous optimality. In this approach, it is not any more the optimality which depends on the intergenerational-preference rate, but the optimal intergenerational-preference rate which rises from Allais-anonymous optimality.
2006-04-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15475/1/MPRA_paper_15475.pdf
Mabrouk, Mohamed (2006): Allais-anonymity as an alternative to the discounted-sum criterion in the calculus of optimal growth II: Pareto optimality and some economic interpretations.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15517
2019-09-26T15:52:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3133
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4E:4E37:4E3730
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3934
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15517/
Energy management in 21st century: an inquiry into the mounting corporate hegemony over basic human necessities and the role of civil society as a countervailing force.
Dey, Dipankar
L30 - General
O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products
Q01 - Sustainable Development
O1 - Economic Development
O30 - General
N70 - General, International, or Comparative
Q40 - General
L94 - Electric Utilities
In 21st century, as energy and food supplies are increasingly becoming dependent on each other, any strategy to manage these two basic human needs should be formulated collectively –not in isolation.
The ‘green revolution’ of 1950s paved the way for ascertaining corporate control on food and water. Through the enactment and subsequent ratification of Kyoto Protocol, the corporate hegemony on air and energy has been established firmly.
During last hundred and fifty odd years, a symbiotic relationship between the state and large corporations was developed. The transnational corporations are trying to break away from such dependence on state and emerge as the dominant force to control and manage the global market.
This study tries to explain the consequences of this changing relation between the ‘state’ and ‘corporations’ on the food and energy needs of the citizens. It also analyses various issues pertaining to the energy supplies during the next few decades of the 21st century.
The paper concludes that in future, the civil society organizations (CSOs) will play an important role in steering the course of society especially in the allocation and distribution of basic human necessities like food and energy.
2009-06-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15517/1/MPRA_paper_15517.pdf
Dey, Dipankar (2009): Energy management in 21st century: an inquiry into the mounting corporate hegemony over basic human necessities and the role of civil society as a countervailing force.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15836
2019-09-26T21:37:52Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15836/
Déficit tecnológico y crecimiento económico en España
Mas, Matilde
Quesada, Javier
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
O30 - General
O52 - Europe
This article explores the Spanish relative position in terms of exposure to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and its impact on economic growth over the last decade. It shows a wide set of indicators reflecting a technological gap of the country. This lag is more intensive in its less developed regions. The accessibility to data on capital stock by asset type allowed us to do carry out a Growth Accounting exercise. As a result, we find that since 1995, the steady fall in labor productivity is explained by an insufficient investment on non-ICT capital as well as by a negative contribution from Total Factor Productivity (TFP). The positive news is the finding of a slight recovery since 2000 brought about by a higher rate of ICT and non-ICT capital accumulation and by a less negative contribution from TFP. The article concludes that the most positive effects of ICT are still to come.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15836/1/MPRA_paper_15836.pdf
Mas, Matilde and Quesada, Javier (2005): Déficit tecnológico y crecimiento económico en España. Published in: clm economía No. 7 (2005): pp. 209-236.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:15907
2019-10-10T14:04:56Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3635
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453137
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3630
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30:4C3030
7375626A656374733D4C:4C36:4C3633
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15907/
Betweenness Centrality of Fractal and Non-Fractal Scale-Free Model Networks and Tests on Real Networks
Kitsak, Maksim
Havlin, Shlomo
Paul, Gerald
Riccaboni, Massimo
Pammolli, Fabio
Stanley, H. Eugene
L65 - Chemicals ; Rubber ; Drugs ; Biotechnology
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
O30 - General
E17 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
L60 - General
L00 - General
L63 - Microelectronics ; Computers ; Communications Equipment
We study the betweenness centrality of fractal and non-fractal scale-free network models as well as real networks. We show that the correlation between degree and betweenness centrality C of nodes is much weaker in fractal network models compared to non-fractal models. We also show that nodes of both fractal and non-fractal scale-free networks have power law betweenness centrality distribution P(C) ~ C^δ. We find that for non-fractal scale-free networks δ = -2, and for fractal scale-free networks δ = -2 + 1/dB, where dB is the dimension of the fractal network. We support
these results by explicit calculations on four real networks: pharmaceutical firms (N = 6776), yeast
(N = 1458), WWW (N = 2526), and a sample of Internet network at AS level (N = 20566), where N is the number of nodes in the largest connected component of a network. We also study the crossover phenomenon from fractal to non-fractal networks upon adding random edges to a fractal network. We show that the crossover length ℓ*, separating fractal and non-fractal regimes, scales with dimension dB of the network as p−1/dB, where p is the density of random edges added to the network. We find that the correlation between degree and betweenness centrality increases with p.
2007-05-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15907/1/MPRA_paper_15907.pdf
Kitsak, Maksim and Havlin, Shlomo and Paul, Gerald and Riccaboni, Massimo and Pammolli, Fabio and Stanley, H. Eugene (2007): Betweenness Centrality of Fractal and Non-Fractal Scale-Free Model Networks and Tests on Real Networks. Published in: Physical Review E , Vol. 75, No. 5 (31 May 2007): 056115.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17543
2019-09-30T23:05:19Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17543/
Can Second-Generation Endogenous Growth Models Explain The Productivity Trends and Knowledge Production In the Asian Miracle Economies?
Ang, James
Madsen, Jakob
O30 - General
O40 - General
Using data for six Asian miracle economies over the period from 1953 to 2006, this paper examines the extent to which growth has been driven by R&D and tests which second-generation endogenous growth model is most consistent with the data. The results give strong support to Schumpeterian growth theory but only limited support to semi-endogenous growth theory. Furthermore, it is shown that R&D has played a key role for growth in the Asian miracle economies.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17543/1/MPRA_paper_17543.pdf
Ang, James and Madsen, Jakob (2009): Can Second-Generation Endogenous Growth Models Explain The Productivity Trends and Knowledge Production In the Asian Miracle Economies?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17582
2019-09-30T07:00:56Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17582/
Capital humano y patrón de crecimiento sectorial y territorial: España (1964-1998)
Pérez, Francisco
Serrano, Lorenzo
O30 - General
O40 - General
R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
This study analyses the time, sectorial and spatial pattern of the process of accumulation of human capital in Spain during the period 1964-98. The results show the generalized nature of the improvements as the basic feature. The increase that has taken place in each sector proves much more relevant than the change in the sectorial structure of the different territorie3s when it comes to accounting for the trendsin the provinces. The data also indicates that there has been spatial convergence in human capital endowments and confirms the influence of these on the determination of the per capita income of the Spanish provinces in the long term.
2000
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17582/1/MPRA_paper_17582.pdf
Pérez, Francisco and Serrano, Lorenzo (2000): Capital humano y patrón de crecimiento sectorial y territorial: España (1964-1998). Forthcoming in: Papeles de economía española No. 86 (2000): pp. 20-41.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:17656
2019-09-28T06:43:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3533
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17656/
Financial Reforms, Patent Protection and Knowledge Accumulation in India
Ang, James
O30 - General
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
O53 - Asia including Middle East
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
The main objective of this paper is to explore the impact of financial sector reforms, financial deepening and intellectual property protection on the accumulation of knowledge for one of the world’s largest developing countries. The findings indicate that increased intellectual property rights protection is associated with higher knowledge accumulation. While financial deepening facilitates the accumulation of ideas, the implementation of a series of financial liberalization policies is found to have a non-linear effect. The results show that financial liberalization will exert a beneficial impact on technological deepening only if the financial system is sufficiently liberalized.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17656/4/MPRA_paper_17656.pdf
Ang, James (2009): Financial Reforms, Patent Protection and Knowledge Accumulation in India.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18168
2019-09-26T13:32:55Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30:4D3030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3339
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3239
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463031
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3230
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18168/
E-business Environment in the Global Information Society
Vymětal, Dominik
Suchánek, Petr
M00 - General
O39 - Other
M29 - Other
M0 - General
O30 - General
F01 - Global Outlook
M20 - General
M21 - Business Economics
In today´s digital 21st century, almost all businesses face intense competition from competitors all around the globe. There are no borders and business area for the all companies is almost unlimited. As the main supports of mentioned fact are globalization and ICT´s development. Influences such as globalization, increased popularity of outsourcing and offshoring have recently combined to produce an environment where ICT graduates need to have up-to-date and industry-relevant knowledge and skills, so that they can be successful in this highly competitive environment. Development of e-business and e-commerce make possible the companies to enter to the global markets. Fundamental prerequisite of the successful company in the global market is well-made corporate strategy and correct source information. Of high account condition of an entry to global markets is an adjustment of the information system to global information and business system management standards. The statistics gained from the Czech market shows, that in spite of enormous Internet proliferation the ratio of e-sales is lower than the ratio of e-purchases. Some possible reasons for these phenomena are discussed at the end of this paper.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18168/1/MPRA_paper_18168.pdf
Vymětal, Dominik and Suchánek, Petr (2009): E-business Environment in the Global Information Society. Published in: Przedsiebiorczosc w warunkach Unii Europejskiej - Podnikání v podmínkách Evropské unie (2009): pp. 488-500.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18430
2019-09-27T01:00:17Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18430/
The Internationalization of Inventive Activity: A Gravity Model Using Patent Data
Picci, Lucio
F15 - Economic Integration
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
O30 - General
C24 - Truncated and Censored Models ; Switching Regression Models ; Threshold Regression Models
This paper discusses the extent and the determinants of the internationalization of European inventive activity, between 1990 and 2004, using an innovative method to treat
the information contained in the European Patent Office's Patstat database.
The observed level of internationalization of inventive activities, while being rather low, has steadily increased over time. The amount of collaboration between actors residing in different countries is assessed by means of a "gravity model", as it is familiar in the literature on international trade. The amount of bilateral collaboration is positively affected by the presence of a common language and a common border, and by the common participation in the European Union. Participation in the Euro Zone is also found to have a (marginally) negative effect.
International collaboration is negatively affected by distance, with estimated elasticities that are significantly smaller than the ones that characterize international trade.
Contrary to the rumors about the "death of distance", this effect has become stronger in recent years.
2008-12-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18430/1/MPRA_paper_18430.pdf
Picci, Lucio (2008): The Internationalization of Inventive Activity: A Gravity Model Using Patent Data.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18467
2019-09-26T08:45:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18467/
The Internationalization of Inventive Activity: A Gravity Model Using Patent Data
Picci, Lucio
F15 - Economic Integration
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
O30 - General
C24 - Truncated and Censored Models ; Switching Regression Models ; Threshold Regression Models
This paper discusses the extent and the determinants of the internationalization of European inventive activity, between 1990 and 2005, using an innovative method to treat the information contained in the European Patent Office's Patstat database. We introduce a new set of indicators measuring internationalized patent applications that are fully coherent with the principle of fractional counting. The observed level of internationalization of inventive activities, while being rather low, has steadily increased over time.
The amount of collaboration between actors residing in different countries is assessed by means of a gravity model. The amount of bilateral collaboration is positively affected by the presence of a common language, a common border and by more similar cultural characteristics. International collaboration is negatively affected by distance, with estimated elasticities that are significantly smaller than the ones that characterize international trade.
2009-10-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18467/4/MPRA_paper_18467.pdf
Picci, Lucio (2009): The Internationalization of Inventive Activity: A Gravity Model Using Patent Data.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18505
2019-09-30T16:47:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433531
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3339
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433135
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18505/
Identifikace, měření a analýza poruch E-Commerce systémů
Suchánek, Petr
Vymětal, Dominik
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
O30 - General
O39 - Other
C15 - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
Contemporary economic development in following global markets advancement evokes needs to look for new methods supporting all processes enabling domestic and foreign business activities. Internet and e-commerce systems exploitation is considered to be a standard here. Various modeling techniques can be used to increase effectiveness of e-commerce systems. E-commerce systems can be modeled in a number of ways. Primary model describes an e-commerce system as a web server linked by company information system. Theoretical conclusions and especially practical experiences show that each component of an e-commerce system can be influenced by quite a number of disturbances affecting its functionality, efficiency and stability. There are many processes on Internet, on web servers, in ERP and company running an e-commerce system which can be influenced by disturbances mentioned above. In order to minimize their impact it is necessary to identify and collect all disturbances, to determine their evaluation metric and to propose necessary remedies. Modifications proposed should be tested by means of modeling taking internal and external environment needs into consideration. Necessary information can be captured using the e-commerce system components monitoring. Particular system environment properties like company structure, system architecture, hardware, software, methods of connection with the supplier´s e-commerce system, customer communication interface are to be taken into account. Important social indicators like legislative and economic development, development of the global information society and others should also be considered. Disturbance and failure models can be designed using various methods like e.g. multi-agents modeling, simulations, fuzzy methods modeling etc. Generic e-commerce system model using control circuit as a fundamental notion can be used as a base for modeling.
2009-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18505/1/MPRA_paper_18505.pdf
Suchánek, Petr and Vymětal, Dominik (2009): Identifikace, měření a analýza poruch E-Commerce systémů. Published in: Sborník příspěvků Aktuální aspekty české a světové ekonomiky, Liberecké ekonomické fórum 2009 (15 September 2009): pp. 472-479.
cs
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18586
2019-09-27T10:17:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523132
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513230
7375626A656374733D46:4634:463433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18586/
First Nature vs. Second Nature Causes: Industry Location and Growth in the Presence of an Open-Access Renewable Resource
González-Val, Rafael
Pueyo, Fernando
O30 - General
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
Q20 - General
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
In this paper we present a model integrating characteristics of the New Economic Geography, the theory of endogenous growth and the economy of natural resources. This theoretical framework enables us to study explicitly the effect of “first nature causes” in the concentration of economic activity, more specifically, the consequences of an asymmetrical distribution of natural resources. The natural resource we consider appears as a localized input in one of the two countries, giving firms located in that country a cost advantage. In this context, after a decrease in transport costs, firms decide to move to the country with the greatest domestic demand and market size, where they can take more advantage of increasing returns, despite the cost advantage of locating in the South, due to the presence of the natural resource.
2009-11-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18586/1/MPRA_paper_18586.pdf
González-Val, Rafael and Pueyo, Fernando (2009): First Nature vs. Second Nature Causes: Industry Location and Growth in the Presence of an Open-Access Renewable Resource.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18864
2019-09-27T22:13:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443835
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18864/
A knowledge based approach to collaboration in basic research
Caminati, Mauro
O30 - General
D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory
This paper suggests a knowledge based approach to the formation of collaboration networks in basic research. Though mainly focused on foundations, it provides the example of a knowledge distribution supporting pairwise equilibrium outcomes which correspond to a star-like collaboration network.
2009-11-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18864/1/MPRA_paper_18864.pdf
Caminati, Mauro (2009): A knowledge based approach to collaboration in basic research.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18893
2019-09-27T00:14:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18893/
Productivity effects of innovation modes
Polder, Michael
Leeuwen, George van
Mohnen, Pierre
Raymond, Wladimir
O30 - General
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
Many empirical studies have confirmed the positive impact of innovation on productivity at the firm level. The focus tends to be either on R&D driven techno-logical innovation on the one hand, or on organisational changes complemented by ICT on the other. To investigate the effect of different types of innovations on produc-tivity, we propose a model with two innovation input equations (R&D and ICT) that feed into a knowledge production function consisting of a system of three innovation output equations (product innovation, process innovation and organisational innova-tion), which ultimately feeds into a productivity equation. We find that ICT is an im-portant driver of innovation in both manufacturing and services. Doing more R&D has a positive effect on product innovation in manufacturing. Organisational innova-tion has the strongest productivity effects. We only find positive effects of product and process innovation when combined with an organisational innovation.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18893/1/MPRA_paper_18893.pdf
Polder, Michael and Leeuwen, George van and Mohnen, Pierre and Raymond, Wladimir (2009): Productivity effects of innovation modes.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19010
2019-09-26T23:59:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463136
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19010/
How Do Trade, Foreign Investment, and Technology Affect Employment Patterns in Organized Indian Manufacturing?
Pradhan, Jaya Prakash
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
O30 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
F21 - International Investment ; Long-Term Capital Movements
The present study investigates into the impact of trade, foreign investment, and technology on three different employment patterns in India’s organized manufacturing sector. These employment patterns cover three disadvantage categories of workers viz., women vis-à-vis men workers, contract vis-à-vis regular workers and unskilled vis-à-vis skilled workers. A conceptual and empirical framework has been developed linking these employment patterns to trade, foreign investment, and technology, and tested for a sample of Indian industries. The research suggests that trade has been employment promoting for women and unskilled workers while it has remain neutral between contract and regular workers. The impact of foreign investment has been observed to be negative for contract and unskilled workers. The overall impact of technology encompassing in-house R&D, foreign technology imports, and capital-intensity has been mostly negative for women and unskilled workers but positive for contract workers.
2005-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19010/1/MPRA_paper_19010.pdf
Pradhan, Jaya Prakash (2005): How Do Trade, Foreign Investment, and Technology Affect Employment Patterns in Organized Indian Manufacturing? Published in: Indian Journal of Labour Economics , Vol. 49, No. 2 (2006): pp. 249-272.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19248
2019-09-27T15:27:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3130
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433837
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433838
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3239
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433839
7375626A656374733D4D:4D31:4D3131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3231
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19248/
Communication and Procedural Models of the E-commerce Systems
Suchánek, Petr
O10 - General
C87 - Econometric Software
C88 - Other Computer Software
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
M29 - Other
C89 - Other
M11 - Production Management
O30 - General
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
M21 - Business Economics
E-commerce systems became a standard interface between sellers (or suppliers) and customers. One of basic condition of an e-commerce system to be efficient is correct definitions and describes of the all internal and external processes. All is targeted the customers´ needs and requirements. The optimal and most exact way how to obtain and find optimal solution of e-commerce system and its processes structure in companies is the modeling and simulation. In this article author shows basic model of communication between customers and sellers in connection with the customer feedback and procedural models of e-commerce systems in terms of e-shops. Procedural model was made with the aid of definition of SOA.
2009-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19248/2/MPRA_paper_19248.pdf
Suchánek, Petr (2009): Communication and Procedural Models of the E-commerce Systems. Published in: Transactions of the VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Mechanical Series (December 2009): pp. 139-144.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19387
2019-09-27T14:41:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3230
7375626A656374733D42:4231:423135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19387/
Innovation Policy and Development in the ICT Paradigm: Regional and Theoretical Perspectives
Kalvet, Tarmo
O38 - Government Policy
O30 - General
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
O20 - General
B15 - Historical ; Institutional ; Evolutionary
Innovation policy forms a foundation, and probably the most important one, of economic development in any society, especially in today’s society driven by information and communication technologies (ICT). The Schumpeterian processes of creative destruction need stewardship – creative destruction management – and this paper aims to explore some key aspects of innovation policies from the perspective of the current ICT paradigm. The basic feature of the latter is the trend towards globalisation, towards facilitation of heterogeneity, diversity, and adaptability, which leads to market segmentation and niche proliferation as well as to production disaggregation and segment relocation. Analysis of innovation policies of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries shows that their current national innovation system based innovation policies are lacking several crucial features. First, one of the central arguments of creative-destruction management is paradigm-based, activity-specific priority-setting, but such wide-scale selection mechanisms have been and are still missing, and currently innovation policies by themselves can not lead to economic restructuring. Second, the whole concept of innovation systems has to a large extent focused on activities related to the production and use of codified scientific and technical knowledge leading to the situation where existing policies have essentially nothing to do with the average companies. Third, the current paradigm is characterised by globalised and open financial markets which, in case of the CEE countries, have enforced speculative economic growth, fuelled by domestic consumption and based on foreign borrowing. Finally, while the state is generally considered an important factor influencing how concrete innovation systems develop, linkages to policymaking itself and administrative capacities are quite missing and need to be revived, including the reconsideration of governance.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19387/1/MPRA_paper_19387.pdf
Kalvet, Tarmo (2009): Innovation Policy and Development in the ICT Paradigm: Regional and Theoretical Perspectives. Published in: Tallinn University of Technology Doctoral Theses , Vol. 9, No. 1 (9 March 2009)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19521
2019-09-30T03:59:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443835
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19521/
A knowledge based approach to collaboration in basic research
Caminati, Mauro
O30 - General
D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory
This paper suggests a knowledge based approach to the formation of collaboration networks in basic research. Though mainly focused on foundations, it provides the example of a knowledge distribution supporting pairwise equilibrium outcomes which correspond to a star-like collaboration network.
2009-11-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19521/1/MPRA_paper_19521.pdf
Caminati, Mauro (2009): A knowledge based approach to collaboration in basic research.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:19932
2019-09-30T21:40:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D45:4532:453231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19932/
Modern Knowledge Based Economy: all-factors endogenous growth model and total investment allocation.
Bormotov, Michael
E32 - Business Fluctuations ; Cycles
O30 - General
E21 - Consumption ; Saving ; Wealth
The core problem in focus of this paper is studying how modern economy can keep sustained growth in terms of increasing reliance on both knowledge and human capitals and dependence on continuously depleting non-renewable natural resources. The aim of this paper is to bridge in some way the gap between macroeconomic growth models and models of technological evolution. The ultimate goal of this work is to determine the optimal rate of savings and the optimal, i.e. delivering maximum cumulative consumption during given period , total investment allocation among physical capital, human capital, natural capital and knowledge capital, all subject of endogenous growth, for the modern knowledge based economy where savings are the unique source of investments. The neo-classical CES production function extended to four factors including physical capital K, human capital L, raw materials (natural capital) R and knowledge capital A in three different forms: for perfect substitution, for the case of no substitution and for the case of unit elasticity of substitution, is accepted as the basic growth model.
There are four most important features which distinguish our all-factors endogenous growth model from basic endogenous growth model:
1.The total national capital stock which reflects the growth potential of economy is considered consisting of four parts: physical capital, human capital, natural capital and knowledge capital. Therefore our model embeds all four factors of production (physical capital, human capital, natural capital and knowledge capital) as opposed to three factors (physical capital, labour and knowledge) included in Romer model.
2. The labour, represented by Human capital, is not assumed equal to population and is measured in money units (total earnings of qualified labour which is considered equal to total household income). Investments in Education system transform Population in Human capital. Therefore in our model labour supply grows proportionally investments in human capital, whine the path of population growth is given exogenously according to exponential or logistics curves.
3. Marginal rate of consumption and consequently marginal rate of savings are assumed constant during exploring period; they are not given as initial conditions but are subject of optimisation inside the model.
4. Growth of every of four employed factors is considered depending on investments in corresponding sector of economy only. It is assumed that investments, measured in money units, absorb and exhaustively represent all underlying resources (physical capital, labour, raw materials).
A three steps algorithm for finding the optimum solution is created. The first step defines in general an optimum structure of investment allocation among K, L and R. The second step defines optimum investment allocation between A from one hand and all other factors from the other hand. The third step applies defined optimum value on optimum structure.
2010-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19932/1/MPRA_paper_19932.pdf
Bormotov, Michael (2010): Modern Knowledge Based Economy: all-factors endogenous growth model and total investment allocation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20554
2019-09-26T08:45:29Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433633
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3339
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20554/
The Systematization of Disturbances Act upon E-commerce Systems
Suchánek, Petr
Vymětal, Dominik
Dolák, Radim
C63 - Computational Techniques ; Simulation Modeling
O30 - General
O39 - Other
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
There are many processes on Internet, on web servers, in ERP and company running an e-commerce system which can be influenced by disturbances. In order to minimize their impact it is necessary to identify and collect all disturbances, to determine their evaluation metric and to propose necessary remedies. Modifications proposed should be tested by means of modeling taking internal and external environment needs into consideration. Necessary information can be captured using the e-commerce system components monitoring. Particular system environment properties like company structure, system architecture, hardware, software, methods of connection with the supplier´s e-commerce system, customer communication interface are to be taken into account. Important social indicators like legislative and economic development, development of the global information society and others should also be considered. Disturbance and failure models can be designed using various methods like e.g. multi-agents modeling, simulations, fuzzy methods modeling etc. Generic ecommerce system model using control circuit as a fundamental notion can be used as a base for modeling.
2009-08
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20554/1/MPRA_paper_20554.pdf
Suchánek, Petr and Vymětal, Dominik and Dolák, Radim (2009): The Systematization of Disturbances Act upon E-commerce Systems. Published in: Workshop Information Logistic. The College of Informatics and Management, Bielsko-Biała (23 September 2009): pp. 44-50.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20637
2019-10-01T13:58:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3437
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463336
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20637/
Ouverture financière et rattrapage technologique : Evidence empirique à partir du bassin méditerranéen
Nabi, Mahmoud Sami
Ben Aissa, Safouane
Drine, Imed
O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence
O30 - General
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
This study analyses the effects of financial openness on productive efficiency and technology catch-up in four countries in the Mediterranean Basin (Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia) as compared to the situation about the same in a group of developed countries (France, Germany, Japan, and the UK)over the period 1985-2005. Using the stochastic production frontier method with variable inefficiency (Battese and Coelli, 1995) and the metafrontier technique(Battese et al. 2004), we show, with the exception of Tunisia, that the productive efficiency of the first group of countries has continuously declined. We also identify an ever-widening technology gap for the first-group countries relatively to the second-group countries caused by among other things, a slowdown their financial openness from the second half of the 1990s.
2008-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20637/1/MPRA_paper_20637.pdf
Nabi, Mahmoud Sami and Ben Aissa, Safouane and Drine, Imed (2008): Ouverture financière et rattrapage technologique : Evidence empirique à partir du bassin méditerranéen.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20972
2019-09-26T15:48:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3934
7375626A656374733D4C:4C33:4C3333
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20972/
Energy R&D in private and state-owned utilities: an analysis of the major world electric companies
Sterlacchini, Alessandro
O30 - General
L94 - Electric Utilities
L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises and Nonprofit Institutions ; Privatization ; Contracting Out
The last two decades have witnessed a staggering decline of R&D investment in the fields of energy and electricity. This paper contends that this widespread phenomenon is mainly ascribable to the processes of liberalisation and privatisation of electricity markets which have induced electric utilities to dramatically reduce R&D expenditures. However, a closer inspection to recent data concerned with ten major electric companies of the world shows that not all of them behaved in the same way. The drop of research expenditures was particularly strong among the private or newly-privatised companies, while those that remained under public control did not reduce R&D efforts. Moreover, the choice of maintaining an adequate level of R&D was not at odds with the goal of increasing company profits.
According to these findings and to the widely recognised need of a surge of energy R&D, radical policy measures seem necessary. Along with an R&D obligation for private electric utilities, also an extension of public ownership or the introduction of public-private partnerships should be seriously taken into account.
2010-02-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20972/1/MPRA_paper_20972.pdf
Sterlacchini, Alessandro (2010): Energy R&D in private and state-owned utilities: an analysis of the major world electric companies.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:21701
2019-09-27T12:33:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21701/
Catching Up to the Technology Frontier: The Dichotomy between Innovation and Imitation
Madsen, Jakob
Islam, Md Rabiul
Ang, James
O30 - General
O40 - General
Using data for 55 developing and developed countries, this research examines the roles of technology transfer, research intensity, educational attainment and the ability to absorb foreign technology in explaining cross-country differences in productivity growth. The results show that innovation is an important factor for growth in OECD countries whereas growth in developing countries is driven by imitation. Furthermore the interaction between educational attainment and the distance to the frontier is a significant determinant of growth in the overall sample.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/21701/1/MPRA_paper_21701.pdf
Madsen, Jakob and Islam, Md Rabiul and Ang, James (2010): Catching Up to the Technology Frontier: The Dichotomy between Innovation and Imitation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:22589
2019-09-27T01:52:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22589/
The influence of scope, depth, and orientation of external technology sources on the innovative performance of Chinese firms
Chen, Jin
Chen, Yufen
Vanhaverbeke, Wim
O30 - General
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
It is commonly accepted nowadays that external knowledge sources are important for firms’ innovative performance. However, it is still not clear, what dimensions of firms’ external knowledge search strategy are crucial in determining their innovation success and whether these search strategies are contingent on different innovation modes. In this study, we analyze how the innovative performance is affected by the scope, depth, and orientation of firms’ external search strategies. We apply this analysis to firms using STI (science, technology and innovation) and DUI (doing, using and interacting) innovation modes. Based on a survey among firms in China, we find that greater scope and depth of openness for both innovation modes improves innovative performance indicating that open innovation is also relevant beyond science and technology based innovation. Furthermore, we find that decreasing returns in external search strategies, suggested by Laursen and Salter (2006), are not always present and are contingent on the innovation modes. Next, we find that the type of external partners (we label it “orientation of openness”) is crucial in explaining innovative performance and that firms using DUI or STI innovation modes have different sets of relevant innovation partners. This shows that the orientation of openness is an important dimension – in addition to the scope and depth of openness. As respondents are located in China, this study provides evidence that open innovation is also relevant in developing countries.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22589/1/MPRA_paper_22589.pdf
Chen, Jin and Chen, Yufen and Vanhaverbeke, Wim (2008): The influence of scope, depth, and orientation of external technology sources on the innovative performance of Chinese firms.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23510
2019-09-29T05:31:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23510/
Four Centuries of British Economic Growth: The Roles of Technology and Population
Madsen, Jakob
Ang, James
Banerjee, Rajabrata
O30 - General
O40 - General
Using long historical data for Britain over the period 1620-2006, this paper seeks to explain the importance of innovative activity, population growth and other factors in inducing the transition from the Malthusian trap to the post-Malthusian growth regime. Furthermore, the paper tests the ability of two competing second-generation endogenous growth models to account for the British growth experience. The results suggest that innovative activity was an important force in shaping the Industrial Revolution and that the British growth experience is consistent with Schumpeterian growth theory.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23510/1/MPRA_paper_23510.pdf
Madsen, Jakob and Ang, James and Banerjee, Rajabrata (2010): Four Centuries of British Economic Growth: The Roles of Technology and Population.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23597
2019-09-26T23:45:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23597/
Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency
Chi, Feng
Yang, Nathan
O30 - General
M30 - General
The paper provides some support in favor of Twitter adoption being driven by outreach reasons, rather than the well-popularized transparency motive. Furthermore, outreach considerations factor into a Republican's perceived benefit more than a Democrat's.
2010-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23597/1/MPRA_paper_23597.pdf
Chi, Feng and Yang, Nathan (2010): Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23719
2019-09-28T12:05:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C32:4C3235
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3331
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23719/
Product, process and organizational innovation: drivers, complementarity, and productivity effects
Polder, Michael
Van Leeuwen, George
Mohnen, Pierre
Raymond, Wladimir
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
O30 - General
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
We propose a model where both R&D and ICT investment feed into a system of three innovation
output equations (product, process and organizational innovation), which ultimately
feeds into a productivity equation. We find that ICT investment and usage are important
drivers of innovation in both manufacturing and services. Doing more R&D has a
positive effect on product innovation in manufacturing. The strongest productivity effects
are derived from organizational innovation. We find positive effects of product and process
innovation when combined with an organizational innovation. There is evidence that organizational
innovation is complementary to process innovation.
2010-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23719/1/MPRA_paper_23719.pdf
Polder, Michael and Van Leeuwen, George and Mohnen, Pierre and Raymond, Wladimir (2010): Product, process and organizational innovation: drivers, complementarity, and productivity effects.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24060
2019-09-26T23:44:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24060/
Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency
Chi, Feng
Yang, Nathan
O30 - General
M30 - General
The paper provides some support in favor of Twitter adoption being driven by outreach reasons, rather than the well-popularized transparency motive. Furthermore, outreach considerations factor into a Republican's perceived benefit more than a Democrat's.
2010-05-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24060/1/MPRA_paper_24060.pdf
Chi, Feng and Yang, Nathan (2010): Twitter in Congress: Outreach vs Transparency.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25600
2019-09-27T16:38:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25600/
Policy recommendations from the 13th ICABR conference on the emerging bioeconomy
Smyth, Stuart J.
Falck-Zepeda, José B.
Gray, Richard S.
Nassem, Anwar
Paarlberg, Robert
Phillips, Peter W. B.
Pray, Carl E.
Savastano, Sara
Scandizzo, Pasquale L.
Scatasta, Sara
Wesseler, Justus H. H.
Zilberman, David
Q00 - General
O30 - General
The International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology
Research held its 13th annual conference in Ravello, Italy in June 2009. The theme of the conference was the bioeconomy,and this topic was addressed through research presentations from academia, government, and industry. Numerous presentations from developing countries highlighted the benefits of agricultural biotechnology in these nations. The broad range of presentations provided a wealth of insights, resulting in three policy recommendations regarding future funding, international
regulation, and technology transfer.
2010-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25600/1/MPRA_paper_25600.pdf
Smyth, Stuart J. and Falck-Zepeda, José B. and Gray, Richard S. and Nassem, Anwar and Paarlberg, Robert and Phillips, Peter W. B. and Pray, Carl E. and Savastano, Sara and Scandizzo, Pasquale L. and Scatasta, Sara and Wesseler, Justus H. H. and Zilberman, David (2010): Policy recommendations from the 13th ICABR conference on the emerging bioeconomy. Published in: AgBioForum , Vol. 13, No. 2 (June 2010): pp. 98-103.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25613
2019-10-01T18:15:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463131
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25613/
Technological Progress, Factor Endowments and Structural Change:A Note
Quibria, M.G
Srinivasan, T.N.
O30 - General
F11 - Neoclassical Models of Trade
O40 - General
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Economic development is accompanied by structural change. The trade theoretic literature offers two major hypotheses – i. e., the factor-endowment and the total-factor-productivity-- for explaining the stylized facts of structural change. This note revisits these hypotheses. In particular, it explores, with the help of a simple geometric apparatus, the analytical implications of the two hypotheses and draws out their striking similarities. It argues that although the literature has treated these two hypotheses as distinctly different, they are indeed analytically equivalent in the sense that they are both based on a similar type of shifts in the production functions. An important implication of this analytical equivalence is that, compounded with the data problems, it makes the task of empirical testing and discriminating between the two alternative hypotheses virtually impossible.
2010-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25613/1/MPRA_paper_25613.pdf
Quibria, M.G and Srinivasan, T.N. (2010): Technological Progress, Factor Endowments and Structural Change:A Note. Published in: Bangladesh Development Studies , Vol. 32, No. Number 4 (December 2009): pp. 95-103.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:27188
2019-09-30T17:13:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D46:4635:463533
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513534
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27188/
A full participation agreement on global emission reduction through strategic investments in R & D.
Kratzsch, Uwe
Sieg, Gernot
Stegemann, Ulrike
O30 - General
H41 - Public Goods
F53 - International Agreements and Observance ; International Organizations
Q54 - Climate ; Natural Disasters and Their Management ; Global Warming
If an emission reduction agreement with participation of all players is not enforceable because politicians are too myopic or not able to commit themselves to sustainable policies or costs of reducing emis- sions are too high, strategic investments in research and development (R&D) of green technology, for example sustainable drive-trains, can pave the way for a future treaty. Although no player will rationally reduce emissions on its own, investments in R&D by at least one player can change the strategic situation of negotiations to control emissions: Emission abatement costs will decrease so that a treaty with full par- ticipation can be achieved in future periods through time consistent sustainable policies.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27188/1/MPRA_paper_27188.pdf
Kratzsch, Uwe and Sieg, Gernot and Stegemann, Ulrike (2010): A full participation agreement on global emission reduction through strategic investments in R & D.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:27313
2019-09-26T08:51:51Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433838
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3130
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433139
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433439
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433839
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463138
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443730
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D45:4531:453137
7375626A656374733D44:4438:443830
7375626A656374733D4D:4D32:4D3231
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27313/
Business intelligence as the support of decision-making processes in e-commerce systems environment
Suchánek, Petr
Slaninova, Kateřina
Bucki, Robert
C88 - Other Computer Software
L10 - General
C19 - Other
C49 - Other
C89 - Other
F18 - Trade and Environment
D70 - General
O30 - General
E17 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
D80 - General
M21 - Business Economics
The present state of world economy urges managers to look for new methods, which can help to start the economic growth. To achieve this goal, managers use standard as well as new procedures. The fundamental prerequisite of the efficient decision-making processes are actual and right information. Managers need to monitor past information and current actual information to generate trends of future development based on it. Managers always should define strictly what do they want to know, how do they want to see it and for what purpose do they want to use it. Only in this case they can get right information applicable to efficient decision-making. Generally, managers´ decisions should lead to make the customers´ decision-making process easier. More frequently than ever, companies use e-commerce systems for the support of their business activities. In connection with the present state and future development, cross-border online shopping growth can be expected. To support this, companies will need much better systems providing the managers adequate and sufficient information. This type of information, which is usually multidimensional, can be provided by the Business Intelligence (BI) technologies. Besides special BI systems, some of BI technologies are obtained in quite a few of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems. One of the crucial questions is whether should companies and firms buy or develop special BI software, or whether they can use BI tools contained in some ERP systems. In respect of this, there is a question if the modern ERP systems can provide the managers sufficient possibilities relating to ad-hoc reporting, static and dynamic reports and OLAP analyses. A one of the main goals of this article is to show and verify Business Intelligence tools of Microsoft Dynamics NAV for the support of decision-making in terms of the cross-border online purchasing. Pursuant to above-mentioned, in this article authors deal with problems relating to managers´ decision-making, customers´ decision-making and a support of its using the BI tools contained in ERP system Microsoft Dynamics NAV. A great deal of this article is aimed at area of multidimensional data which are the source data of e-commerce systems.
2010-08-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27313/1/MPRA_paper_27313.pdf
Suchánek, Petr and Slaninova, Kateřina and Bucki, Robert (2010): Business intelligence as the support of decision-making processes in e-commerce systems environment. Published in: Proceedings of the Workshop: Methods and Applications of Artificial Intelligence No. ISBN 978-83-62466-02-3 (November 2010): pp. 5-20.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:27603
2019-10-01T05:00:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D42:4235:423532
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D42:4234:423431
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27603/
A critical realist interpretation of evolutionary growth theorising
Castellacci, Fulvio
B52 - Institutional ; Evolutionary
O30 - General
B41 - Economic Methodology
The article discusses a critical realist interpretation of evolutionary growth theorising by focusing on some of its basic characteristics. The evolutionary ontology is complex, differentiated, structured, systemic, open, ever-changing, and radically uncertain. Its methodology tends to be increasingly based on appreciative theorising, retroductive explanations and interdisciplinary analysis. After discussing these features, the article suggests that critical realism may indeed constitute an important philosophical and methodological foundation for the future development of evolutionary theories of economic growth.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27603/1/MPRA_paper_27603.pdf
Castellacci, Fulvio (2005): A critical realist interpretation of evolutionary growth theorising.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:27745
2019-09-27T11:08:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
7375626A656374733D4F:4F34:4F3430
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30:4C3030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27745/
Franchise Fee, Tax/Subsidy Policies and Economic Growth
Wang, Vey
Lai, Chung-Hui
O30 - General
O40 - General
L00 - General
In this paper, we take a new look at the effects of the subsidy policy and the government’s R&D activities in an R&D-based growth model. The government not only subsidizes the R&D cost of the firms but also engages in R&D activities and, in addition, levies a specific tax on the firms producing the final and the intermediate goods, respectively, in order to finance the expenditure. We find that in the economy there exist two balanced equilibrium growth paths. In an economy with a high growth path, the government’s subsidy policy and its R&D activities will crowd out the private R&D activities, and hence the fiscal policies are of no help to the economic growth. In other words, the intermediate goods firms play an important role in driving the economic growth. By contrast, in an economy with a low growth path, the government that directly engages in R&D activities plays an important role in economic growth. The fiscal policies of the government have a positive effect on the economic growth.
2010-06-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27745/1/MPRA_paper_27745.pdf
Wang, Vey and Lai, Chung-Hui (2010): Franchise Fee, Tax/Subsidy Policies and Economic Growth.
en
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