2024-03-29T15:41:50Z
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/oai2
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1633
2019-09-26T13:40:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1633/
Globalisation, state and disempowerment: study of farmers suicide in Warangal
Venu Menon, Sudha
Q00 - General
The ideology of globalization and its practice based on neo-liberal paradigm has played a vital role in re-arranging the architecture of global economic and political order. Central to this new economic dispensation is a shift in the role of the state, particularly in its commitment towards the mass of the people from where it supposed to drives its strength according to democratic traditions. Supporters of Globalization often believes that inflow of foreign capital, advanced technology, market economy and the resultant economic growth will automatically take care of issues of social justice and equity. However these claims seem to be meaningless in the present global economic order based on wide disparities in power relations and resource distribution. There exists a dramatic paradox between the theoretical discourse on global economic growth and prosperity, and the naked reality of impoverishment, social exclusion and disempowerment affecting vast majority of marginalized groups in society. Against this background, the present paper seeks to explore the relationship among the three-core concept of Globalization, Nation state and Disempowerment in the context of neo liberal agenda and Indian states commitment to Structural Adjustment Programme. The paper doesn’t criticize Globalization perse, but try to project how global integration follows high social cost, especially in the absence of stable, effective and efficient economic base.
2006-12-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1633/1/MPRA_paper_1633.pdf
Venu Menon, Sudha (2006): Globalisation, state and disempowerment: study of farmers suicide in Warangal.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1832
2019-10-01T04:10:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1832/
Modelling Euro-Mediterranean Agricultural Trade
Garcia-Alvarez-Coque, Jose-Maria
Martinez-Gomez, Victor
Villanueva, Mique
Q00 - General
F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations
This paper examines the methodological problems to define a modelling approach to assess the impact of full or limited bilateral liberalisation of agricultural trade flows in the Euro-Mediterranean region. The bilateral trade liberalisation process in the region is framed by complexity, in policy instruments and in the characteristics of the products, in particular fruits and vegetables. Advantages and disadvantages of the general equilibrium and partial equilibrium approaches to simulate trade policy impacts are assessed. Caveats of existing models are related to the representation of specific policy instruments (tariffs, entry prices and other non-tariff measures) and on the seasonal nature of horticultural trade, which is of major importance in the Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Are. The paper provides an illustration of how an imperfect substitute product model could be helpful to describe the trade effects of bilateral price changes, for given seasons.
2006-02-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1832/1/MPRA_paper_1832.pdf
Garcia-Alvarez-Coque, Jose-Maria and Martinez-Gomez, Victor and Villanueva, Mique (2006): Modelling Euro-Mediterranean Agricultural Trade.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8468
2019-09-29T22:00:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D44:4433:443330
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
7375626A656374733D4E:4E35:4E3536
7375626A656374733D45:4536:453630
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483730
7375626A656374733D46:4630:463030
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463135
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443133
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8468/
Desarrollo Territorial Rural en America Latina: Discurso y Realidades
Mora-Alfaro, Jorge
I30 - General
Q00 - General
A20 - General
D30 - General
H00 - General
N56 - Latin America ; Caribbean
E60 - General
H70 - General
F00 - General
F15 - Economic Integration
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
D60 - General
A14 - Sociology of Economics
The reorientation occurred in the socioeconomic, politic and institutional development of the Latin American and Caribbean countries, since 80's decade, provoke significant transformations in the regional rural spaces. The socioeconomic bipolarization is one of the most remarkable phenomena in the new conditions of the rural areas: by one side, was conformed a dynamic sector of companies, familiar's producers and external investors, dedicated to goods exportation or a different non agriculture rural activities (NARA). On the other side, numerous rural families, without the resources and the capabilities to compete with the imported goods, were gradually excluded. The NARA and the familiar pluriactivity are two ways used by the rural families to incomes generations in this new context. But the persistent poverty shows that many of them couldn't obtain the resources needed for their wealth. The Territorial Rural Development Strategies (TRDS) are one of the proposals to impulse the productive, social and institutional development in the rural areas. But these strategies confront serious obstacles to concrete their objectives and to promote the population participation and the rural wealth. In this paper were analyzed the main obstacles to encourage the TRDS in the region.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8468/1/MPRA_paper_8468.pdf
Mora-Alfaro, Jorge (2006): Desarrollo Territorial Rural en America Latina: Discurso y Realidades.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:8573
2019-09-26T09:40:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513531
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8573/
Leisure and the Opportunity Cost of Travel Time in Recreation Demand Analysis: A Re-Examination
Amoako-Tuffour, Joe
Martınez-Espineira, Roberto
Q00 - General
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
Using count data models that account for zero-truncation, overdispersion, and endogenous stratification, this paper estimates the value of access to recreational parks. The focus is on the valuation of the opportunity cost of travel time within the cost of the trip and its effects on estimated consumer surplus. The fraction of hourly earnings that corresponds to the opportunity cost of travel time is endogenously estimated as a function of visitor characteristics, rather than fixed exogenously. We find that the relevant opportunity cost of time for most visitors represents a smaller fraction of their wage rate than commonly assumed previously.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8573/1/MPRA_paper_8573.pdf
Amoako-Tuffour, Joe and Martınez-Espineira, Roberto (2008): Leisure and the Opportunity Cost of Travel Time in Recreation Demand Analysis: A Re-Examination.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:9939
2019-09-26T13:39:08Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9939/
Human activities and global warming: a cointegration analysis
Liu, Hui
Rodríguez, Gabriel
Q00 - General
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
Using econometric tools for selecting I(1) and I(2) trends, we found the existence of static long-run steady-state and dynamic long-run steady-state relations between temperature and radiative forcing of solar irradiance and a set of three greenhouse gases series. Estimates of the adjustment coefficients indicate that temperature series is error correcting around 5-65% of the disequilibria
each year, depending on the type of long-run relation. The estimates of the I(1) and I(2) trends indicate that they are driven by linear combinations of the three greenhouse gases and their loadings indicate strong impact on the temperature series. The equilibrium temperature change for a doubling of carbon dioxide is between 2.15 and 3.4 C, which is in agreement with past literature and the
report of the IPCC in 2001 using 15 different general circulation models.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9939/1/MPRA_paper_9939.pdf
Liu, Hui and Rodríguez, Gabriel (2005): Human activities and global warming: a cointegration analysis. Published in: Environmental Modeling & Software , Vol. 20, (2005): pp. 761-773.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:11921
2019-09-27T07:20:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11921/
Natural disaster death and socio-economic factors in selected Asian countries: A panel data analysis
Padli, Jaharudin
Habibullah, M.S.
Q00 - General
E00 - General
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between disaster fatalities with the level of economic development, years of schooling, land area and population for a panel of fifteen Asian countries over the sample period over 1970 to 2005. Our results indicates that the relationship between disaster losses and the level of economic development is nonlinear in nature suggesting that at lower income level, a country is more disaster resilience but at higher income level, an economy become less disaster resistant. Other disaster determinants of interest is the level of education which suggests that educational attainment reduces human fatalities as a result of disaster; larger population will increase death toll and larger land area will reduce disaster fatalities. 1. INTRODUCTION
2008-10-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11921/1/MPRA_paper_11921.pdf
Padli, Jaharudin and Habibullah, M.S. (2008): Natural disaster death and socio-economic factors in selected Asian countries: A panel data analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:14769
2019-09-26T19:50:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513236
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14769/
Sustainable financing for ocean and coastal management in Jamaica: The potential for revenues from tourist user fees
Edwards, Peter E.T.
Q50 - General
Q00 - General
Q26 - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources
This study explores the feasibility of implementing a sustainable funding mechanism for ocean and coastal management in Jamaica. Results show that tourists are more willing to pay for an “environmental tax” than a general “tourism development tax”. The study found that an environmental surcharge of US$2 per person could generate $3.4M per year for management with 0.2% rate of decline in tourist visitation. Negative impacts from the imposition of additional taxes on annual tourist visitation rates could be minimised by providing information on how the revenues from the tax will be allocated for management activities.
2008-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14769/1/MPRA_paper_14769.pdf
Edwards, Peter E.T. (2008): Sustainable financing for ocean and coastal management in Jamaica: The potential for revenues from tourist user fees.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16753
2019-09-27T16:29:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513431
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16753/
Trends and Patterns of Energy Consumption in India
Sahu, Santosh
Q41 - Demand and Supply ; Prices
Q00 - General
Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy
Energy has been universally recognized as one of the most important inputs for economic growth and human development. There is a strong two-way relationship between economic development and energy consumption. On one hand, growth of an economy, with its global competitiveness, hinges on the availability of cost-effective and environmentally benign energy sources, and on the other hand, the level of economic development has been observed to be dependent on the energy demand (EIA, 2006). Using trend analysis and regression techniques, the study finds that there is positive relationship between total primary energy consumption to GDP, population, and per capita energy consumption, however a negative relationship do exist between the energy use and the production of the energy resources in case of India. We can summarize that total primary energy use is one of the key components of the GDP. Population is an important factor for the total primary energy consumption and one of the major contributors for the demand of more energy resources. Per capita energy consumption in the economy has a positive relationship with the total energy use and hence it is one of the important factors of the total energy consumption. As evidence from the developing countries more the nation develops economically, the demand for energy resources also increases. Our findings also suggests in the same direction, as increase in GDP, Population, Per capita consumption leads to more demand of energy resources.
2008-12-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16753/1/MPRA_paper_16753.pdf
Sahu, Santosh (2008): Trends and Patterns of Energy Consumption in India.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:16774
2019-09-26T09:23:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513431
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513433
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16774/
Trends and Patterns of Energy Consumption in India
Sahu, Santosh
Q41 - Demand and Supply ; Prices
Q00 - General
Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy
Energy has been universally recognized as one of the most important inputs for economic growth and human development. There is a strong two-way relationship between economic development and energy consumption. On one hand, growth of an economy, with its global competitiveness, hinges on the availability of cost-effective and environmentally benign energy sources, and on the other hand, the level of economic development has been observed to be dependent on the energy demand (EIA, 2006). Using trend analysis and regression techniques, the study finds that there is positive relationship between total primary energy consumption to GDP, population, and per capita energy consumption, however a negative relationship do exist between the energy use and the production of the energy resources in case of India. We can summarize that total primary energy use is one of the key components of the GDP. Population is an important factor for the total primary energy consumption and one of the major contributors for the demand of more energy resources. Per capita energy consumption in the economy has a positive relationship with the total energy use and hence it is one of the important factors of the total energy consumption. As evidence from the developing countries more the nation develops economically, the demand for energy resources also increases. Our findings also suggests in the same direction, as increase in GDP, Population, Per capita consumption leads to more demand of energy resources.
2008-12-29
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16774/1/MPRA_paper_16774.pdf
Sahu, Santosh (2008): Trends and Patterns of Energy Consumption in India.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:18639
2019-09-30T15:14:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513233
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18639/
Poverty Induced Forest Degradation in JFM Regime: Evidence from India
Das, Amarendra
Q23 - Forestry
Q00 - General
Around 28% of the total forest area in India has been brought under Joint Forest Management (JFM) and rest 72% remains virtually open access to local communities. In such a scenario, communities actively participating in JFM are also engaged in degrading de facto open access forests to meet their basic livelihood necessities. This reveals that, the poverty induced forest degradation still continues in JFM regime. This paper theoretically and empirically explains the factors that determine the individual indulgence in forest degradation. Based on a survey of 140 households in three forest fringe villages of Chandaka Wildlife Division of Orissa Sate in India, the study shows that lack of education, landlessness and low environmental awareness significantly influence the individual involvement in forest degradation. The implementation of JFM merely transfers the dependence of local community from one patch to another. It shows that unless the source of livelihood is secured, forest degradation by rural poor households would persist. In order to halt this depressing scenario, it calls for raising the individual opportunity cost through employment generation, skill formation and land allocation to the landless.
2007-07-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/18639/1/MPRA_paper_18639.pdf
Das, Amarendra (2007): Poverty Induced Forest Degradation in JFM Regime: Evidence from India.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:20392
2019-10-05T05:05:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D4C:4C37:4C3734
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3532
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20392/
Latvijas būvniecības industrijas resursu problēmas vienotā Eiropā
Skribans, Valerijs
Q00 - General
Q0 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
L74 - Construction
O52 - Europe
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q30 - General
In the paper Latvian construction industry is comprehensively evaluated and compared with the Baltic States and the European Union. Industry resources and it costs are analyzed by group: natural resources, production of building materials, fixed assets and attraction of money capital, personnel costs. Possibilities to obtain profit while working in construction were analyzed. Basing on the analysis, suggestions for improvements in the industry activities are elaborated.
Nature factor is one of the most important factors, which substantially influences on construction industry development. Nature factor (resource) costs do not decrease, because the largest part of the natural resources is nonrenewable. Comparing Latvian data with the average EU data and median, it is evident that in Latvia there are cheapest materials, which ask the minimum treatment, and are accessible in the country (sand, wood). Materials, for which industrial machines are necessary (blocks, tiles), have higher prices in Latvia than in the EU. Comparing Latvian data with the other Baltic states, it is evident that in other Baltic states main construction materials are substantially cheaper. It is connected with low development of production of construction materials in Latvia. Industry of construction materials depends from import deliveries; as a result, prices are high. Small market volumes do not allow returning invested means in the case of new factory; it is more profitable to transport construction materials in region.
Investment volume in Latvian construction industry grew rapidly from 2002 almost doubling every second year. Investment per employed in construction in Latvia is larger than in France, Germany and the EU, but smaller than in Finland, Sweden and UK. In the Baltic states and in Latvia in particular capital investment increase is connected not only with increase of construction volumes, but also with changes in construction process and increase of mechanization level. Also market demand changes played their part. Before 2000 largest part of construction (near 70%) was repair, which is done without expensive mechanisms and machines, however since then multistory buildings construction increased, which demands large capital investments in fixed assets. Also in the Baltic region increase in mechanization level is connected with the increase of wages.
In the Euro area money resources are 40-100% cheaper than in other states. In Latvia, as compared with the other Baltic states, interest rates are higher by 1.2 percent points on average and by 1.8 percent points cheaper then the EU average. It means that in the other Baltic states current assets are cheaper by 25%, but in the EU by 47% on average. But even with expensive money resources, on UK example shown, UK construction industry is excellently developed and competitive. Unfortunately one example is not enough to make a conclusion, that industry can be successful despite of interest rates. The reason can be the large scale of construction industry in the UK. With the conditions little Baltic states could not survive.
During six years number of employees in construction in Latvia has almost doubled, and similar situation is in the other Baltic states. So rapid increase of employees in construction can be connected with minimal starting point and with boom circumstances. Data dynamics of 2001-2005 show that in Latvia the number of employees rose more rapidly than in developed countries. In 2005-2007 there was the boom increase in the Baltic states. Share of employees in construction industry has been defined, it is 9%. In boom time this limitation didn’t work. For low skilled construction works it is always possible to find workers, paying appropriate wages. In developed countries (Finland, UK) average wages in construction are by 30-55% lower than the average wage in the country. Situation is opposite in Latvia, and in the Baltic states, where wages in construction are 4-10% higher.
Value added in construction, which can be seen as a productivity indicator, in Latvia, and in the Baltic states, is about 3 times lower then the average EU level. Workers in Latvia work ineffective, it is possible to raise their productivity at least 3 times. Despite low productivity of Latvian workers, their efficiency is the largest in the EU.
Profitability in construction industry in Latvia is between four EU leaders: Poland, UK, Greece, and Latvia. Increase of profit is visible both in the EU and in separate countries. The stable gross profitability level in construction is on average 12%, which is similar in other industries. Its means that the industry provides stable average entrepreneurship factor remuneration for entrepreneurs working in the industry.
2009
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/20392/1/MPRA_paper_20392.pdf
Skribans, Valerijs (2009): Latvijas būvniecības industrijas resursu problēmas vienotā Eiropā. Published in: RTU zinātniskie raksti , Vol. 6, No. 11 (2009): pp. 93-106.
lv
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:23666
2019-09-28T16:51:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433638
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513431
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513437
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513330
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513532
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433530
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433330
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23666/
Latvijas energosektora sistēmdinamikas prognozēšanas modeļa izstrāde
Skribans, Valerijs
Q00 - General
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
Q41 - Demand and Supply ; Prices
C00 - General
Q47 - Energy Forecasting
Q01 - Sustainable Development
C60 - General
Q30 - General
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
Q52 - Pollution Control Adoption and Costs ; Distributional Effects ; Employment Effects
C50 - General
Q40 - General
C30 - General
Q20 - General
One of the most pressing problems in the Latvian economy is related to the energy sector. The most characteristic feature is coupled with the low efficiency of thermal energy consumption of households as a result of poor insulation of existing buildings in Latvia. Solving energy sector problems requires a comprehensive decision, both in energy production and consumption. It is therefore necessary to develop energy sector model to be able to evaluate not only the energy consumption growth and the factors affecting it directly, but also the feedback caused by the increase of the efficiency growth. The model shown in the article has been developed using system dynamic method. Latvian energy sector model consists of resources, production and consumption blocks. A separate place is taken by electricity generation hydroelectric power plants (HPP), net imports of electricity and so on. Resource blocks consist of primary energy resource blocks: petroleum products, solid fuel, wood and gas blocks. Primary energy resources are used for production of other energy forms, i.e. heat or electricity production, they are shown in the production blocks. Both the primary energy and produced energy (and electricity generated by HPP) are passed on to final consumers, who make consumer unit blocks. It consists of: transport, agriculture, households and other (industrial and services sectors) blocks. The model key role is to forecast energy consumption by separate groups, both consumers and energy resources groups; to estimate energy sector impact on environment. The model has been developed to estimate the impact of buildings thermo insulation program on Latvian economy.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/23666/1/MPRA_paper_23666.pdf
Skribans, Valerijs (2010): Latvijas energosektora sistēmdinamikas prognozēšanas modeļa izstrāde. Published in: RTU zinātniskie raksti , Vol. 26, No. 4 (2010): pp. 34-40.
lv
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:24272
2019-09-26T14:26:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443633
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443632
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483431
7375626A656374733D48:4832:483233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24272/
Equity and justice in global warming policy
Kverndokk, Snorre
Rose, Adam
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
D62 - Externalities
Q00 - General
H41 - Public Goods
H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
Many countries are implementing or at least considering policies to counter increasingly certain negative impacts from climate change. An increasing amount of research has been devoted to the analysis of the costs of climate change and its mitigation, as well as to the design of policies, such as the international Kyoto Protocol, post-Kyoto negotiations, regional initiatives, and unilateral actions. Although most studies on climate change policies in economics have considered efficiency aspects, there is a growing literature on equity and justice.
Climate change policy has important dimensions of distributive justice, both within and across generations, but in this paper we survey only studies on the intragenerational aspect, i.e.., within a generation. We cover several domains including the international, regional, national, sectoral and inter-personal, and examine aspects such as the distribution of burdens from climate change, climate change policy negotiations in general, implementation of climate agreements using tradable emission permits, and the uncertainty of alternatives to emission reductions.
2008-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24272/1/MPRA_paper_24272.pdf
Kverndokk, Snorre and Rose, Adam (2008): Equity and justice in global warming policy. Published in: International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics , Vol. 2, No. 2 (October 2008): pp. 135-176.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25067
2019-09-27T06:08:42Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433638
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513431
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513437
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513330
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513532
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433530
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433330
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25067/
Development of the Latvian energy sector system dynamic model
Skribans, Valerijs
Q00 - General
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
Q41 - Demand and Supply ; Prices
C00 - General
Q47 - Energy Forecasting
Q01 - Sustainable Development
C60 - General
Q30 - General
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
Q52 - Pollution Control Adoption and Costs ; Distributional Effects ; Employment Effects
C50 - General
Q40 - General
C30 - General
Q20 - General
One of the most pressing problems in the Latvian economy is related to the energy sector. The most characteristic feature is coupled with the low efficiency of thermal energy consumption of households as a result of poor insulation of existing buildings in Latvia. Solving energy sector problems requires a comprehensive decision, both in energy production and consumption. It is therefore necessary to develop energy sector model to be able to evaluate not only the energy consumption growth and the factors affecting it directly, but also the feedback caused by the increase of the efficiency growth. The model shown in the article has been developed using system dynamic method. Latvian energy sector model consists of resources, production and consumption blocks. A separate place is taken by electricity generation hydroelectric power plants (HPP), net imports of electricity and so on. Resource blocks consist of primary energy resource blocks: petroleum products, solid fuel, wood and gas blocks. Primary energy resources are used for production of other energy forms, i.e. heat or electricity production, they are shown in the production blocks. Both the primary energy and produced energy (and electricity generated by HPP) are passed on to final consumers, who make consumer unit blocks. It consists of: transport, agriculture, households and other (industrial and services sectors) blocks. The model key role is to forecast energy consumption by separate groups, both consumers and energy resources groups; to estimate energy sector impact on environment. The model has been developed to estimate the impact of buildings thermo insulation program on Latvian economy.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25067/1/MPRA_paper_25067.pdf
Skribans, Valerijs (2010): Development of the Latvian energy sector system dynamic model. Published in: Proceedings of the 7th EUROSIM Congress on Modelling and Simulation , Vol. Vol.2:, (2010): pp. 1-8.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:25600
2019-09-27T16:38:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3330
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25600/
Policy recommendations from the 13th ICABR conference on the emerging bioeconomy
Smyth, Stuart J.
Falck-Zepeda, José B.
Gray, Richard S.
Nassem, Anwar
Paarlberg, Robert
Phillips, Peter W. B.
Pray, Carl E.
Savastano, Sara
Scandizzo, Pasquale L.
Scatasta, Sara
Wesseler, Justus H. H.
Zilberman, David
Q00 - General
O30 - General
The International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology
Research held its 13th annual conference in Ravello, Italy in June 2009. The theme of the conference was the bioeconomy,and this topic was addressed through research presentations from academia, government, and industry. Numerous presentations from developing countries highlighted the benefits of agricultural biotechnology in these nations. The broad range of presentations provided a wealth of insights, resulting in three policy recommendations regarding future funding, international
regulation, and technology transfer.
2010-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25600/1/MPRA_paper_25600.pdf
Smyth, Stuart J. and Falck-Zepeda, José B. and Gray, Richard S. and Nassem, Anwar and Paarlberg, Robert and Phillips, Peter W. B. and Pray, Carl E. and Savastano, Sara and Scandizzo, Pasquale L. and Scatasta, Sara and Wesseler, Justus H. H. and Zilberman, David (2010): Policy recommendations from the 13th ICABR conference on the emerging bioeconomy. Published in: AgBioForum , Vol. 13, No. 2 (June 2010): pp. 98-103.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:26532
2019-09-28T09:41:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3935
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513533
7375626A656374733D4C:4C35:4C3532
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26532/
Construction of abatement cost curves: The case of F-gases
Halkos, George
Q00 - General
L95 - Gas Utilities ; Pipelines ; Water Utilities
Q53 - Air Pollution ; Water Pollution ; Noise ; Hazardous Waste ; Solid Waste ; Recycling
L52 - Industrial Policy ; Sectoral Planning Methods
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Most of scientific research on Greenhouse Gases (GHG) focuses on CO2 emissions. But non-CO2 gases (mainly F-gases in the form of HFCs, PFCs, and SF6) are more potent at trapping heat within the atmosphere. Currently, F-gases constitute a small proportion of GHG emissions but they are extremely high Global Warming Potential gases. At the same time, they are expected to increase massively due to the expansion of some emitting industries, while the atmospheric lifetimes of PFCs and SF6 are very long. This study analyzes the economic and technical assumptions in abatement cost calculation in the case of the F-gases. The important factors for differences among countries in average mitigation costs are discussed and the least cost curve of F-gases control for the EU-27 and for the year 2020 is derived. It seems that it is more cost-effective to start abating SF6 first, and then moving to PFCs and then applying control methods to HFCs.
2010
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26532/1/MPRA_paper_26532.pdf
Halkos, George (2010): Construction of abatement cost curves: The case of F-gases.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:28690
2019-09-27T11:42:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433637
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28690/
Towards a culture of environmental efficiency: An application of conditional partial nonparametric frontiers
Halkos, George
Tzeremes, Nickolaos
Q50 - General
Q00 - General
C67 - Input-Output Models
C60 - General
Due to the fact that norms govern individual behavior, which in turn it is related to the environmental behaviour, this study tries to establish a link between human behavior (in terms of cultural values) and the environment. With the use of robust frontiers this paper constructs countries’ environmental efficiency ratios. Then it conditions these ratios with countries’ cultural values in order to capture their effect on the calculated environmental efficiency measures. The empirical results of the conditional and unconditional robust nonparametric frontiers of a sample of 17 OECD countries (for the census years of 1980, 1990 and 2000) reveal that countries’ national culture values have changed over the years from a neutral posture towards the enhancement of countries’ environmental efficiency. In addition, the results indicate that there is still much work to be done from countries’ environmental policy makers for the enhancement of an efficient environmental culture.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/28690/1/MPRA_paper_28690.pdf
Halkos, George and Tzeremes, Nickolaos (2011): Towards a culture of environmental efficiency: An application of conditional partial nonparametric frontiers.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:34676
2019-10-02T09:54:52Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/34676/
Socioeconomic and livelihood impact of invasive species on marginal homesteads: the case of aceria guerreronis on coconut palms in India
Aravindakshan, Sreejith
Q00 - General
Q0 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Alien invasive species are non-native organisms that occur outside their natural adapted
habitat and dispersal potential. They are seen as a threat not only to biodiversity and
ecosystems, but also to socioeconomic development, livelihood and human well-being. In
India, the bioinvasion of coconut palms by an alien invasive mite species Aceria guerreronis,
popularly known as ‘Coconut mite’ accounting for enormous economic loss was first noticed
just before the start of the new millennium. Among the plantation crops, coconut (Cocos
nucifera L.) is of prime importance in the marginal homesteads of tropical India. India is the
third largest coconut producer with plantation area of 1.9 million hectares and estimated
production of 12.8 billion nuts per annum. Coconut sector in India accounts for about
22.36% of the world production while contributes approximately US $1600 million to the
total GDP of India, besides providing livelihood securities to more than 10 million people
in the country. Every part of the coconut palm is used and has found use in more than 700
products here. During the period 2001–02, mite attack has affected nearly 22.36 million
coconut palms in 98,400 hectares in prime coconut producing state ‘Kerala’ in India. The
percentage reduction in nut weight due to mite infestation was assessed to be 2.12 %. Mite
damaged underweight and undersized nuts are often discarded by the traders inflicting
heavy losses to the growers. Additionally, mite damage resulted in loss of 20—30% in
terms of copra yield and also increased labour due to difficulty in de-husking of affected
nuts. This paper hence seeks to study socioeconomic and livelihood impact of the coconut
mite and also estimates the economic loss in monetary terms from documentary evidence.
The present study estimates the control costs incurred by Indian government and various
agencies to manage coconut mite in India from 1998–2008 as US $ 77.88 million. A gap
analysis using sustainable livelihood index (SLI) framework of unpublished primary data
collected during the peak year of infestation (yr. 2002) among coconut growing households
[N=120] in two villages of Kerala showed a difference of 56.26% between the potential and
achieved livelihood impact.
2011-10-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/34676/1/MPRA_paper_34676.pdf
Aravindakshan, Sreejith (2011): Socioeconomic and livelihood impact of invasive species on marginal homesteads: the case of aceria guerreronis on coconut palms in India. Published in: Proceedings of “Development on the margin”, Tropentag, October 5-7, 2011, Bonn (7 October 2011)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:35760
2019-09-26T08:11:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35760/
Impact of water scarcity on food security at micro level in Pakistan
Fahim, Muhammad Amir
Q00 - General
Pakistan is confronting the problem of water scarcity which is rendering an adverse impact on food security. The study examines the impact of water scarcity on food security in an era of climate change. It further focuses on projecting the future trends of water and food stock. The research effort probes the links among water scarcity, climate change, food security, water security, food inflation, poverty and management of water resources. Data on food security was collected from the FSA (Food Security analysis) of the Sustainable development Policy institute (SDPI) and Food insecurity and Vulnerability Information mapping system (FIVIMS). Logistic equations have been employed to catch the effect of water scarcity on three components of food security separately. In fact, the present study develops a series of models that captures the impact of water scarcity on the components of food security at Micro level. The models have traced an adverse impact of water scarcity water scarcity on food security at Micro level. The findings so obtained may help in proposing the policy guidelines for overcoming water scarcity and handling with food insecurity caused by water scarcity and other factors.
2011-12-26
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35760/1/MPRA_paper_35760.pdf
Fahim, Muhammad Amir (2011): Impact of water scarcity on food security at micro level in Pakistan.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:36174
2019-09-26T22:11:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D50:5030:503030
7375626A656374733D50:5035:503530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36174/
Politics and Consumer Prices in Africa
Simplice A, Asongu
O1 - Economic Development
I30 - General
Q00 - General
P00 - General
P50 - General
The motivations of the Arab Spring that have marked the history of humanity over the last few months have left political economists, researchers, governments and international policymakers pondering over how the quality of political institutions affect consumer welfare in terms of commodity prices. This paper investigates the effect of political establishments on consumer prices in the African continent. Findings suggest that in comparison with authoritarian regimes, democracies better provide for institutions that keep inflationary pressures on commodity prices in check. As a policy implication, improving the quality of democratic institutions will ameliorate consumer welfare through lower inflation rates. Such government quality institutional determinants include, among others: voice and accountability, rule of law, regulation quality, control of corruption and press freedom.
2012-01-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36174/1/MPRA_paper_36174.pdf
Simplice A, Asongu (2012): Politics and Consumer Prices in Africa.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:36233
2019-09-27T08:09:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433134
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36233/
Ranking agricultural, environmental and natural resource economics journals: A note
Halkos, George
Tzeremes, Nickolaos
Q00 - General
C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
A10 - General
A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists
This paper by applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) ranks for the first time Economics journals in the field of Agricultural, Environmental and Natural Resource. Specifically, by using one composite input and one composite output the paper ranks 32 journals. In addition for the first time three different quality ranking reports have been incorporated to the DEA modelling problem in order to classify the journals into four categories (‘A’ to ‘D’). The results reveal that the journals with the highest rankings in the field are Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Land Economics, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Journal of Agricultural Economics, Energy Journal, Resource and Energy Economics, Environment and Planning A, Ecological Economics and European Review of Agricultural Economics.
2012-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36233/1/MPRA_paper_36233.pdf
Halkos, George and Tzeremes, Nickolaos (2012): Ranking agricultural, environmental and natural resource economics journals: A note.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:36662
2019-09-27T00:21:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473135
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36662/
Do Socially Responsible Investment Indexes Outperform Conventional Indexes?
Managi, Shunsuke
Okimoto, Tatsuyoshi
Matsuda, Akimi
Q00 - General
G15 - International Financial Markets
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
The question of whether more socially responsible (SR) firms outperform or underperform other conventional firms has been debated in the economic literature. In this study, using the socially responsible investment (SRI) indexes and conventional stock indexes in the US, the UK, and Japan, first and second moments of firm performance distributions are estimated based on the Markov switching model. We find two distinct regimes (bear and bull) in the SRI markets as well as the stock markets for all three countries. These regimes occur with the same timing in both types of market. No statistical difference in means and volatilities generated from the SRI indexes and conventional indexes in either region was found. Furthermore, we find strong comovements between the two indexes in both regimes.
2012-02-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36662/2/MPRA_paper_36662.pdf
Managi, Shunsuke and Okimoto, Tatsuyoshi and Matsuda, Akimi (2012): Do Socially Responsible Investment Indexes Outperform Conventional Indexes?
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:37596
2019-09-26T08:57:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433730
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433631
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513330
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433632
7375626A656374733D43:4337:433732
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37596/
Extraction of non-renewable resources: a differential game approach
Halkos, George
Papageorgiou, George
Q00 - General
C70 - General
C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis
Q30 - General
C60 - General
C62 - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium
C72 - Noncooperative Games
Exploitation of non–renewable resources is an intensively studied field of environmental economics in the last century. Since the influential Hotelling’s paper a huge progress is made in the depletable resources literature. Although a variety of methodologies is used in that problem’s solutions a basic question of time inconsistency arises in the solution process. We show the sources of dynamical time inconsistency in a leader – follower game for which the buyer leads while the extractor follows and the players employ open loop strategies. Also we make use of Markovian informational structure, in a non – renewable resource Nash game, in order to extract strategies that are time consistent. Finally we enlarge the utility function space from the logarithmic utility to the utility functions that exhibits relative risk aversion with the same, with respect to time consistency, strategies.
2008
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37596/1/MPRA_paper_37596.pdf
Halkos, George and Papageorgiou, George (2008): Extraction of non-renewable resources: a differential game approach. Published in: Archieves of Economic History , Vol. 1, No. XXI (2008): pp. 5-22.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39171
2019-09-28T04:40:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D41:4132:413230
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413130
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D48:4834:483430
7375626A656374733D44:4436:443630
7375626A656374733D44:4430:443030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39171/
Two explanations to the willingness to accept and willingness to pay gap plus an alternative
Beja Jr, Edsel
Q50 - General
Q00 - General
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
A20 - General
A10 - General
C60 - General
H40 - General
D60 - General
D00 - General
The gap between the willingness to accept and willingness to pay is the outcome of incomplete valuation. The problem therefore is more about completing the valuation procedure. The first part of the solution involves two items: one is the inclusion of the direct and indirect income effects and the other is the inclusion of the substitution effect between the numeraire good (i.e., income) and the good under consideration. The second part of the solution concerns the respective hedonic content of income, the good, and the setting. These two explanations point to a third solution that puts the setting together with the income and substitution effects.
2012-01-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39171/1/MPRA_paper_39171.pdf
Beja Jr, Edsel (2012): Two explanations to the willingness to accept and willingness to pay gap plus an alternative.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39251
2019-09-30T19:09:00Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433638
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513431
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513437
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513330
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513532
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433530
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433330
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39251/
Разработка модели системной динамики для энергетического сектора в Латвии
Skribans, Valerijs
Q00 - General
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
Q41 - Demand and Supply ; Prices
C00 - General
Q47 - Energy Forecasting
Q01 - Sustainable Development
C60 - General
Q30 - General
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
Q52 - Pollution Control Adoption and Costs ; Distributional Effects ; Employment Effects
C50 - General
Q40 - General
C30 - General
Q20 - General
One of the most pressing problems in the Latvian economy is related to the energy sector. The most characteristic feature is coupled with the low efficiency of thermal energy consumption of households as a result of poor insulation of existing buildings in Latvia. Solving energy sector problems requires a comprehensive decision, both in energy production and consumption. It is therefore necessary to develop energy sector model to be able to evaluate not only the energy consumption growth and the factors affecting it directly, but also the feedback caused by the increase of the efficiency growth. The model shown in the article has been developed using system dynamic method. Latvian energy sector model consists of resources, production and consumption blocks. A separate place is taken by electricity generation hydroelectric power plants (HPP), net imports of electricity and so on. Resource blocks consist of primary energy resource blocks: petroleum products, solid fuel, wood and gas blocks. Primary energy resources are used for production of other energy forms, i.e. heat or electricity production, they are shown in the production blocks. Both the primary energy and produced energy (and electricity generated by HPP) are passed on to final consumers, who make consumer unit blocks. It consists of: transport, agriculture, households and other (industrial and services sectors) blocks. The model key role is to forecast energy consumption by separate groups, both consumers and energy resources groups; to estimate energy sector impact on environment. The model has been developed to estimate the impact of buildings thermo insulation program on Latvian economy.
2011
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39251/1/MPRA_paper_39251.pdf
Skribans, Valerijs (2011): Разработка модели системной динамики для энергетического сектора в Латвии. Published in: Материалы 9-ой международной конференции Государственное управление в XXI веке: Традиции и инновации , Vol. Часть, (2011): pp. 540-552.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:39553
2019-09-30T16:41:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4437:443733
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433134
7375626A656374733D48:4830:483030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39553/
Public sector transparency and countries’ environmental performance: A nonparametric analysis
Halkos, George
Tzeremes, Nickolaos
D73 - Bureaucracy ; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations ; Corruption
Q50 - General
Q00 - General
C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
H00 - General
Based on the theoretical background of the link between countries’ transparency and environmental policy our paper provides empirical evidence for a sample of 68 countries for the time period of 2001-2010. By assuming that countries’ transparency levels shape their environmental policy which reflects upon their environmental performance levels, we develop an empirical model for investigating such a relationship. By modifying a conditional directional distance function model, we incorporate on the measurement of countries’ environmental performance the effect of their public sector transparency levels. The empirical results indicate that public sector transparency has a statistically significant impact on countries’ environmental performance with the relation in the case of emerging-developing economies appearing as an inverted ‘W’ shape, whereas in the case of advanced-developed economies indicating an inverted ‘U’ shape.
2012-06
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39553/1/MPRA_paper_39553.pdf
Halkos, George and Tzeremes, Nickolaos (2012): Public sector transparency and countries’ environmental performance: A nonparametric analysis.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:44815
2019-09-28T19:21:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4838
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31:4A3138
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44815/
Dimensions of Rural Poverty in Bihar: A Village Level Study
Singh, K.M.
Singh, R.K.P.
Kumar, Abhay
Meena, M.S.
Jha, A.K.
Kumar, Anjani
H8 - Miscellaneous Issues
J1 - Demographic Economics
J18 - Public Policy
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
Q00 - General
The measures of poverty involves a) the specification of the threshold income level below which a person is considered poor (the poverty line) and b) construction of an index to measure the intensity and severity of poverty suffered by those whose income is below the poverty line. Sen(1976) has proposed several criteria that a poverty measure must satisfy to be able to assess the changes in social welfare whereas Foster et al (1984) proposed a class of poverty measures that are additively decomposable and that satisfy all the criteria for an ideal poverty measure. For this study, we used a method known as FGT index to measure the incidence of poverty (headcount ratio), intensity of poverty (poverty gap ratio) and severity of poverty (squared poverty gap ratio). To find out the determinants of poverty, affecting the probability of an individual being poor, we estimated a Probit model using poverty as a dependent factor-a binary (poor-1 and non-poor-0) and a set of agricultural and socio-economic variables as explanatory variables.
Despite annual growth of more than 10 per cent in Bihar’s economy, poverty remained the same during 2004-05-2009-10.Incidence of poverty was double among agricultural labours than that of farm households and the poverty gap between farm and agricultural labour households increased during last two decades. The decline in poverty has been also higher among farm households than the decline observed among agricultural labour households during last two decades however the decline in poverty was comparatively high among agricultural households than farm households during 2004-05-2009-10, mainly due to adverse weather at one hand and increase in wages of agricultural labour at another during the period.
The comparatively high poverty incidence, gap and severity are observed in less developed village than developed villages in Bihar. Hence it may inferred that the level of development has direct influence on poverty alleviation that is; higher the development, lower the level of poverty in rural area. In villages, land is the main income generating asset hence the poverty incidence, gap and severity level are comparatively low in case of large households but the observation does not hold true in case of medium and small households because their land base is very low in Bihar. The highest poverty incidence, gap and severity are not found among labour households. It is only due to larger proportion of earning members and the majority of them are employed in non-farm activities on comparatively high wage whereas family member of households with even small piece of land do not prefer to work as labour, resulting less income flow and higher level of poverty among them.
Various agro-economic and social factors are responsible for poverty. The three key determinants that help the household in keeping away from poverty are education, number of earning and family size. The education enhances the skill, chances of getting remunerative employment and increasing labour productivity which lead to higher income and decline in poverty. Larger proportion of earning members in the household also helps increasing income flow whereas smaller size of family leads to comparatively less expenses and more income to the household hence low level of poverty.
These findings of poverty determinants call for establishment of effective educational and training infrastructure and streamlining of their functioning in rural area. The family welfare programme needs to be strengthened for population control since smaller family is likely to be away from poverty.
2012-09-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44815/1/MPRA_paper_44815.pdf
Singh, K.M. and Singh, R.K.P. and Kumar, Abhay and Meena, M.S. and Jha, A.K. and Kumar, Anjani (2012): Dimensions of Rural Poverty in Bihar: A Village Level Study.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:47175
2019-09-26T23:41:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3131
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3132
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3134
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3135
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47175/
COMMERCIALISATION DES PRODUITS NON LIGNEUX DES CULTURES PERENNES : CAS DES NOIX DE CAJOU DANS LES COMMUNES DE BANTE ET SAVALOU
AGAÏ, Oniankitan Gregoire
ABOUDOU, Irénée Bio
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
L12 - Monopoly ; Monopolization Strategies
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
Q00 - General
The development of the market of a product needs a wide knowledge of consumption and marketing practices relevant. This paper issue is to analyze the cashew nuts commercialization system in Bantè and Savalou regions in order to identify strengths and weaknesses relevant to the cashew nuts chain organisation. The study is based on new institutional economics and contestable markets theories. The Structure Conduct Performance paradigm and the channel approach were used. Different statistical analyses were made to test hypotheses. It appears that the cashew nuts market, even though almost contestable, is an oligopsonic market. The prime collect of cashew nuts is done by women, in majority. One assists to a standardisation process of measure tools. The marketing chain is simple and in favor of a vertical organisation. Nevertheless, the lack of producers and buyers organisations, the information asymmetry, and the lack of suitable financial sources constitute the mains constraints to the market efficiency.
2005
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47175/1/MPRA_paper_47175.pdf
AGAÏ, Oniankitan Gregoire and ABOUDOU, Irénée Bio (2005): COMMERCIALISATION DES PRODUITS NON LIGNEUX DES CULTURES PERENNES : CAS DES NOIX DE CAJOU DANS LES COMMUNES DE BANTE ET SAVALOU.
fr
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:49136
2019-09-29T10:04:07Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4630
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49136/
Electricity consumption and economic growth nexus: Evidence from MENA countries
Bouoiyour, Jamal
Selmi, Refk
F0 - General
Q00 - General
The objective of this study is to investigate the causality between electricity consumption and economic growth for a panel of twelve MENA countries (seven energy exporters and five energy importers) over the period 1975–2010 within a bivariate framework. To examine this linkage, we applied panel cointegration methods and panel causality test. Our results show that 16.66% of MENA countries supported the growth hypothesis, 25% the conservation hypothesis, 33.33% the feedback hypothesis and 25% the neutrality hypothesis. Furthermore, we found that 14.28% of MENA energy exporters supported the growth hypothesis at the same way of conservation hypothesis, 42.88% the feedback hypothesis and 28.57% the neutrality hypothesis. Thereafter, we argue that Iran and Turkey are leaders in terms of the interaction between energy usage and growth. This may be mainly due to a good structuring of the electricity sector. This favorable position of these economies comparable to the rest of MENA countries leads to an essential recommendation which is the reorganization of the electricity sector.
2012-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49136/1/MPRA_paper_49136.pdf
Bouoiyour, Jamal and Selmi, Refk (2012): Electricity consumption and economic growth nexus: Evidence from MENA countries.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:49167
2019-10-05T11:00:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463138
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49167/
Intra-Industry Trade in Dirty Goods and Environmental Policies
Sen, Anindita
F18 - Trade and Environment
Q00 - General
In this paper we study the effect of intra-industry trade in an environmental-quality differentiated good on the pollution level in a two-country framework when there are strategic interactions between the firms in the two countries. The pro-competitive effect of intra-industry trade expands the scale of production and, therefore, increases pollution in both the countries. Effect on the strategic choice of environmental qualities of the good is, on the other hand, asymmetric for the two producers. Impact of environmental policies like pollution content production tax and tariff on trade and pollution levels are also studied. .
2013-06-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49167/1/MPRA_paper_49167.pdf
Sen, Anindita (2013): Intra-Industry Trade in Dirty Goods and Environmental Policies.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:49169
2019-10-21T03:44:06Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443530
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49169/
Eco-Labelling and the Labour Market
Sen, Anindita
D50 - General
Q00 - General
In this paper I try to analyse the impact of environmental policies in the presence of eco-labelling on the wage level and production levels. For this I start with a general equilibrium framework where a country produces two traded goods using labour and capital, one of which pollutes when consumed. The pollution generated depends on the abatement technology used by the firms and also the scale of production and affects the health of workers and labour productivity. Since the consumers are adversely affected by the pollution generation, they are willing to pay a higher price for a cleaner variety of the dirty good. However, since the pollution is generated during production, they cannot judge the cleanliness of a good. Here the government steps in, monitors the pollution generation and issues an eco-labelling certificate regarding the quality. In this framework, analyse the impact of environmental standards on the wage levels and production. I find that a minimum standard adversely affects the wage rate, unless the productivity effect is very small. However, the eco-labelling process aides the labour market as it tempers the impact of the standard on wages.
2012-12-18
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/49169/1/MPRA_paper_49169.pdf
Sen, Anindita (2012): Eco-Labelling and the Labour Market.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:50021
2019-09-27T08:03:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50021/
The Macroeconomics evaluation of Climate Change Model (MECC-Model): The case Study of China
Ruiz Estrada, Mario Arturo
Q00 - General
Q5 - Environmental Economics
Q50 - General
Global climate change has a potentially large impact on economic growth but measuring their economic impact is subject to a great deal of uncertainty. The central objective of our paper is to set forth a model – the macroeconomics evaluation of climate change (MECC) model – to evaluate the impact of climate change on GNP growth. The model is based on five basic indicators – (i) the climate change growth rates (αi); (ii) the national climate change vulnerability rate (ΩT); (iii) the climate change magnitude rate (Π); (iv) the economic desgrowth rate (δ); (v) and the CC-Surface. In addition, we apply the MECC Model to the case of China to evaluate its impact on the Chinese economy.
2013-09-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50021/1/MPRA_paper_50021.pdf
Ruiz Estrada, Mario Arturo (2013): The Macroeconomics evaluation of Climate Change Model (MECC-Model): The case Study of China.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:50306
2019-10-01T08:02:01Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4C:4C39:4C3934
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513230
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513330
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513430
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50306/
Reviewing electricity production cost assessments
Larsson, Simon
Fantazzini, Dean
Davidsson, Simon
Kullander, Sven
Hook, Mikael
L94 - Electric Utilities
Q00 - General
Q20 - General
Q30 - General
Q40 - General
Q48 - Government Policy
A thorough review of twelve recent studies of production costs from different power generating technologies was conducted and a wide range in cost estimates was found. The reviewed studies show differences in their methodologies and assumptions, making the stated cost figures not directly comparable and unsuitable to be generalized to represent the costs for entire technologies. Moreover, current levelized costs of electricity methodologies focus only on the producer's costs, while additional costs viewed from a consumer perspective and on external costs with impact on society should be included if these results are to be used for planning. Although this type of electricity production cost assessments can be useful, the habit of generalizing electricity production cost figures for entire technologies is problematic. Cost escalations tend to occur rapidly with time, the impact of economies of scale is significant, costs are in many cases site-specific, and country-specific circumstances affect production costs. Assumptions on the cost-influencing factors such as discount rates, fuel prices and heat credits fluctuate considerably and have a significant impact on production cost results. Electricity production costs assessments similar to the studies reviewed in this work disregard many important cost factors, making them inadequate for decision and policy making, and should only be used to provide rough ballpark estimates with respect to a given system boundary. Caution when using electricity production cost estimates are recommended, and further studies investigating cost under different circumstances, both for producers and society as a whole are called for. Also, policy makers should be aware of the potentially widely different results coming from electricity production cost estimates under different assumptions.
2013-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50306/1/MPRA_paper_50306.pdf
Larsson, Simon and Fantazzini, Dean and Davidsson, Simon and Kullander, Sven and Hook, Mikael (2013): Reviewing electricity production cost assessments. Forthcoming in: Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:50324
2019-09-28T00:58:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131
7375626A656374733D4E:4E30
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50324/
Famine, Finance, and Adjustment to Environmental Shock: Microcredit and the Great Famine in Ireland
Goodspeed, Tyler
A1 - General Economics
N0 - General
O1 - Economic Development
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
The Great Famine of Ireland from 1845-51 ranks as one of the most lethal of all time, claiming approximately one eighth of the country’s population. Utilizing Famine Relief Commission reports to develop a micro-level dataset of blight severity, I find that in the short run, districts more severely infected by blight experienced larger population declines and accumulations of buffer livestock. In the medium and long runs, however, worse affected districts experienced greater substitutions toward other tillage crops and grazing livestock. Using annual reports of the Irish Loan Funds, I further find that access to microfinance credit was an important factor in short- and long-run adjustment to blight. Districts with at least one microfinance fund during the Famine experienced substantially smaller population declines and larger increases in buffer livestock during and immediately after the Famine, and greater medium- and long-run substitutions toward other crops and grazing livestock, than districts without a fund.
2013-07
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50324/1/MPRA_paper_50324.pdf
Goodspeed, Tyler (2013): Famine, Finance, and Adjustment to Environmental Shock: Microcredit and the Great Famine in Ireland.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:51911
2019-09-30T11:00:52Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/51911/
The Role of Education in Agricultural Productivity in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(1975-2008)
Naeem ur Rehman, Khattak
Jangraiz, Khan
Muhammad, Tariq
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Agriculture is considered as the backbone of Pakistan’s economy and a reasonable proportion of population is engaged in it. The present study aims at finding the role of education in productivity of wheat, sugarcane and tobacco crops in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) during the period 1975-2008. The econometric techniques Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Cointegration have been used for analysis. The estimation results obtained from OLS shows that education, fertilizers and area under cultivation are significant determinants of agricultural productivity in KPK. The results of cointegration confirmed the existence of long run relationship between education and agricultural productivity. It is therefore, suggested to adopt effective measures to increase school enrollment especially in rural areas of the study area. Furthermore, provision of high quality fertilizers and increase in area under cultivation can be helpful in enhancing the productivity of food and cash crops in the study area.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/51911/1/MPRA_paper_51911.pdf
Naeem ur Rehman, Khattak and Jangraiz, Khan and Muhammad, Tariq (2012): The Role of Education in Agricultural Productivity in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(1975-2008). Published in: Sarhad Journal of Agriculture , Vol. 28, No. 2 (June 2012): pp. 345-352.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:52296
2019-09-28T08:04:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513235
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513533
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/52296/
Cost-effectiveness analysis in reducing nutrient loading in Baltic and Black Seas: A review
Halkos, George
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q25 - Water
Q50 - General
Q53 - Air Pollution ; Water Pollution ; Noise ; Hazardous Waste ; Solid Waste ; Recycling
Eutrophication represents a global environmental pressure that necessitates international co-operation and the diffusion of information to avoid information asymmetries, the construction of an appropriate legislative framework, the development of monitoring technologies and scientific research to provide the evidence base for any policy interventions. The health condition of the Baltic and Black Seas has deteriorated over a long period due to increases in nutrient inputs from anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic sources. The current report aims at providing a review of the literature and defining the possible gaps concerning (1) the attempts at regulatory intervention to address the problem of eutrophication in the Baltic and Black Seas, (2) the methodological issues in constructing a cost-effectiveness analysis, (3) the available applications of cost-effectiveness studies conducted and (4) the uncertainties and risks entailed in the cost-effectiveness studies.
2013-11
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/52296/1/MPRA_paper_52296.pdf
Halkos, George (2013): Cost-effectiveness analysis in reducing nutrient loading in Baltic and Black Seas: A review.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:53548
2019-09-27T01:32:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/53548/
A Micro Analysis of Fodder Production and Marketing in India: The Case of Bihar
Singh, K.M.
Singh, R.K.P.
Jha, A.K.
Kumar, Abhay
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Changing patterns of food consumption, linked to economic growth, and coupled with demographic changes are resulting in increased demand for livestock products in developing
countries. However, one of the key constraints of the dairy development in resource poor areas of India is inadequate supply of fodder. Insufficiency of fodder inflicts very low level of animal productivity and a meager amount of
marketable surplus of milk. Due to inflating food demand for burgeoning human population expansion of area under cultivated fodder is virtually impossible. Thus, livestock are heavily dependent upon crop residues as the main source of fodder in much of India. Mitigating scarcity of dry fodder and managing availability of green fodder round the year is a serious challenge for the livestock keepers as
majority are marginal and small holders unable to produce and store livestock feed and forage and face acute shortage during certain periods. The paper deals with the aspects of fodder production and marketing in one of the poorest sates in India, Bihar.
2013-12-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/53548/1/MPRA_paper_53548.pdf
Singh, K.M. and Singh, R.K.P. and Jha, A.K. and Kumar, Abhay (2013): A Micro Analysis of Fodder Production and Marketing in India: The Case of Bihar.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:53597
2019-09-27T10:05:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/53597/
Fodder Market in Bihar: An Exploratory Study
Singh, K.M.
Singh, R.K.P.
Jha, A.K.
Kumar, Abhay
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Dairy farmers in Bihar are mostly smallholders having one or two local-bred milch animals, which are raised on crop residues and natural pastures with under-employed family labour. Feeding grains, oil cakes and green nutritious fodder are limited to crossbred cattle. Feed and fodder deficiencies are major limiting factors in raising livestock productivity. Fodder markets are important for communities, which have limited ability to produce their own fodder, but need quality fodder at reasonable prices
to produce milk at competitive cost and trading is an important livelihood activity for poor who engaged in it. The study tries find ways to improve the livelihoods of resource-poor livestock producers by alleviating fodder scarcity. Livestock being an important source of livelihood in Bihar, the study has a direct poverty relevance for state. The findings indicate a huge gap between demand
and supply of both dry and green fodder. South Bihar is fodder surplus area because of irrigated cultivation of paddy and wheat, while north Bihar is fodder deficit and depend on fodder surplus regions. There are no dedicated market places so, trading takes place along roadsides and without legal credentials. Fodder being a bulky item, makes its trading and handling difficult. Some traders do
use compressing machines to make fodder blocks. Development of technology for cost-effective and nutritive feed requires urgent attention and here public sector R&D can play an effective role which can also be done in public-private partnership mode.
2013-03-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/53597/1/MPRA_paper_53597.pdf
Singh, K.M. and Singh, R.K.P. and Jha, A.K. and Kumar, Abhay (2013): Fodder Market in Bihar: An Exploratory Study. Published in: Economic Affairs , Vol. 58, No. 4 (15 December 2013): pp. 355-364.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:54007
2019-09-27T16:41:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D48:4830
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54007/
International prices changes of agricultural commodities and their impacts on income distribution and poverty in Brazil
Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins
Azzoni, Carlos Roberto
Silveira, Fernando
Menezes, Tatiane
Hasegawa, Marcos
Haddad, Eduardo A.
H0 - General
Q00 - General
R15 - Econometric and Input-Output Models ; Other Models
The objective of the paper is to provide an estimative of the impacts that changes in international prices of agricultural commodities will have on income distribution and poverty in Brazil. To do so, a Social Accounting Matrix is constructed and applied, using a Leontief- Miyazawa type model framework. The SAM is defined for 40 products, being 17 raw agricultural products, 15 agricultural processed products, 3 industrial agricultural inputs, 2 other industrial products, trade, transport, and services. Households are allocated to 10 groups, being 6 agricultural (4 types of family farmers, commercial farmers, and agricultural labor), and 4 urban (income quartiles). Demand elasticities (price and income) for the products defined in the SAM are considered, as well as limitations on the supply of agricultural inputs. The knowledge of the possible impacts of changes in international commodity prices on income distribution and poverty is very important for policy design within developing countries. Given the estimated impacts on different groups of producers, different sorts of cushioning policies can be designed.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54007/1/MPRA_paper_54007.pdf
Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins and Azzoni, Carlos Roberto and Silveira, Fernando and Menezes, Tatiane and Hasegawa, Marcos and Haddad, Eduardo A. (2006): International prices changes of agricultural commodities and their impacts on income distribution and poverty in Brazil. Published in: Intermediate Input-Outout Meetings on Sustainability, Trade & Productivity (2006)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:54350
2019-09-28T20:16:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3331
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54350/
The potato value chain in Bihar: An assessment and policy implications
Minten, Bart
Reardon, Thomas
Singh, K.M.
Sutradhar, Rajib
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
M31 - Marketing
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis ; Prices
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Introduction. As part of the National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP), a potato value chain study was organized in Bihar, in collaboration between the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) in Patna, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), as potatoes are one of the core crops that the NAIP project in Bihar are focusing on. Primary surveys were fielded with producers, traders, cold storages, and retailers at the end of 2009 on the rural-urban potato value chain in Bihar, more in particular from the disadvantaged districts part of the NAIP project (Vaishali and Samastipur) to urban consumers in Patna. The most salient findings are presented below.
Upstream. First, potato production in Bihar is largely in the hands of smallholders: farmers from the smallest half of potato producers cultivate 0.5 acres of potato. This compares to 1.8 acres for farmers from the largest group. Second, farmers suffer from an important late blight disease problem. Actual potato yields in 2009 were two-thirds lower than the expected yields due to that disease. Despite the incidence of this disease, reported potato yields in the districts are as high as the national level, casting doubts on the national agricultural statistics in vogue which consider Bihar a lagging potato state. Third, farmers rely relatively little on seed markets and almost all farmers store their own seeds in cold storages. Only on 18% of the plots were purchased seeds used, indicating that seed replacement ratios are about 1 out of 5 years. However, larger farmers replace seed more often. Fourth, despite the low use of seed input markets, important changes have happened over time and the white potato variety has now become much more important than the traditional red variety that was usually grown. Especially the larger farmers have switched relatively more to the white variety. Fifth, larger farmers are able to obtain higher yields, possibly because of their more intense use of inputs. Sixth, 70% of the potato farmers are now empowered by a mobile phone. While some farmers use it to do market transactions, this is still only a minority (20%). Seventh, sales in the harvest season are almost all to a village broker while in the off-season, potatoes are mostly sold to traders at the cold storage. Wholesale market sales by the farmers are of less importance. Eight, an important reason why a number, and especially the smaller, farmers sell after harvest is the urgent need of money. Little credit or advances are used in market transactions and the major reason for the choice of a trader is when
he pays immediately. Ninth, while almost all farmers participate in cold storages as to store their seeds, larger farmers store relatively much more for sale at an expected higher price in the off- season.
Midstream. First, an important boom in cold storage capacity - and thus in potato production - has happened in the two studied districts. The number of cold storages in the last decade doubled or tripled and rapid up-scaling of cold storages led to an even faster total capacity expansion, i.e. a triple and five-fold increase over the same period. Second, the boom is associated with increasing commercialization of potatoes from the two districts as the share of storage for seed potatoes is relatively on the decline. Third, several triggers explain the boom in this area. The rapid emergence of cold storage is linked with the better provision of public goods (such as
roads, electricity, and governance), the deregulation of the cold storage sector, the investment subsidies given by national and state government, and the availability and spread of new technologies. Third, the rapid emergence and the up-scaling of cold storages are explained by important profit opportunities and high rates of returns to investments. However, cold storages charge prices that are significantly higher than those practiced in the neighboring state UP (1.5
Rs/kg versus 0.9 Rs/kg) and charges are similar to those practiced in Bangladesh where no subsidies to cold storage investments exist and where input costs (e.g. electricity and diesel) are significantly higher. While the government subsidies might have helped the farmers to have
more access to cold storages, the availability of subsidies has thus not brought down the effective price paid for storage by farmers, or traders. Fourth, cold storages are currently little involved in input and credit markets with farmers and despite linkages with the banking system, little credit flows down to the farmers directly. It seems that most of the advances given by the cold storages using potatoes as collateral are thus with traders.
Downstream. First, Bihar is still relying on potato imports from other states, especially UP and West Bengal but also from the Punjab, to supply potatoes to their retail markets in the off-season. Second, consumers in Bihar prefer red over white potatoes and are willing to pay a price
premium for that quality. Third, potato prices in 2009 were characterized by significant variability with retail prices in the off-season twice as high as on-season. While prices in the off- season are always higher, the price hike this season was exceptional. Fourth, as the APMC has
been repealed in Bihar, potato sales have moved away from auctions to direct on-on-one deals with traders.
The value chain as a whole. First, wastage levels are estimated to be - and potentially have become - lower than most conventional estimates done before. The wastage level in the value chain is evaluated at 8% in the harvest period and 9.3% in the off-season. While public policies have encouraged the setting up of cold storage to bring down wastage, this might however be only one factor in influencing overall wastage levels. Farmers are often making conscious choices on the wastage they will incur and varieties that show higher wastage levels might be preferred by some farmers (because of a preference of shorter-duration cultivation periods or of varieties with less dry matter and higher yields). Second, the cost of the cold storage in the final price contributes less than 10% of the final retail price paid off-season by consumers in Patna. The most important contributor to the final retail price in the off-season is a reward to storage,
which account for 40% of the final retail price. Third, the farmers’ share in the final retail price is as high as two-thirds in the harvest period, much higher than conventional estimates. This however drops to one-third in the off-season, except for these farmers that are able to postpone sales through storage.
Way forward. First, the study has shown the importance of appropriate policies as to stimulate the take-off of agricultural businesses in Bihar. These policies should focus foremost on the provision of public goods such as reliable electricity, road infrastructure, and good governance. Given the still existing large deficiencies, Bihar should make further investments in this area as to allow private business to further flourish and to allow farmers in these disadvantaged districts to become better integrated in the market economy. Second, policy makers should further stimulate increased investments in the cold storage sector, but not necessarily through subsidies. More competition in the cold storage sector is desirable as to drive down the cost of storage. The further spread of cold storages as intermediaries in the potato value chains might also open some important opportunities towards upgrading the potato value chains as cold storages can serve as focal points for the distribution of better seed varieties, extension advice, marketing advice, etc. This could especially benefit smaller farmers who, because of liquidity constraints, are less willing to sell after storage and benefit from the higher prices off-season. Third, Bihar might further be a good area for the cultivation of processing varieties given its unique agro-ecological
potential for those. As it is one of the areas in India where the growing period is later and where the minimum temperature during the production period is relatively high, leading to the required higher production of dry matter, the region is better suited for processing varieties than most other states in India. Given such comparative advantage, it seems that the state could benefit from the increased presence of the private sector interested in potato processing. However, some
of the processing companies that are currently active in India are bringing in potato varieties (e.g. Lady Roseta, Atlantic) which might be prone to diseases that might be more difficult to control
in the Indian setting. Close collaboration with local research stations as to introduce the most appropriate varieties seems thus called for. Fourth, our data illustrate the devastating effects that the late blight disease has in Bihar. The development and spread of better suited varieties by public or private research institutions seem thus of utmost importance.
2011-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54350/1/MPRA_paper_54350.pdf
Minten, Bart and Reardon, Thomas and Singh, K.M. and Sutradhar, Rajib (2011): The potato value chain in Bihar: An assessment and policy implications.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:54510
2019-09-30T06:19:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:4631:463130
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54510/
Who in Brazil will gain from global trade reforms?
Azzoni, Carlos Roberto
Brooks, Jonathan
Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins
McDonald, Scott
F10 - General
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
R15 - Econometric and Input-Output Models ; Other Models
The potential impacts of multilateral trade liberalisation on developing countries are the subject of numerous controversies. One particular concern is that Brazil, a major agricultural exporter and a country with one of the world’s most unequal income distributions, will reap a substantial share of the potential benefits to developing countries from agricultural trade reform, and that most of those benefits will go to large scale commercial farmers rather than the country’s smallholders. This claim is explored via a global general equilibrium model and a national model of Brazil containing multiple agricultural and non-agricultural households. Brazil is found to account for nearly one-half of all the benefits to developing countries deriving from global agricultural trade reform. These gains are associated with improvements in the welfare of each group and a lower incidence of poverty. Large scale producers gain more than smallholders as they tend to be relatively specialised in export products, but there are important gains to agricultural employees, who are relatively poor, and to urban households, who benefit from the expansion of the agro-food sector. Overall, there is no discernible impact on income inequality, and no evidence that the gains to commercial farmers occur at the
expense of poorer households.
2007
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54510/1/MPRA_paper_54510.pdf
Azzoni, Carlos Roberto and Brooks, Jonathan and Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins and McDonald, Scott (2007): Who in Brazil will gain from global trade reforms? Published in: World Economy , Vol. 30, No. 10 (October 2007): pp. 1568-1593.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:54514
2019-09-26T11:29:48Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54514/
Input-output model for economic evaluation of the supply chain: the case of cut flowers exportation
Anefalos, Lilian Cristina
Caixeta Filho, José Vicente
Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
R15 - Econometric and Input-Output Models ; Other Models
Abstract: The main objectives are to evaluate the performance of the cut flower sector, concerning supply chain integration and foreign market competitiveness, and to heighten the understanding of the contributions and obstacles of logistics in floriculture. An IO model developed proved to be an important tool to evaluate the impact of changes in the processes involved in exportation chain. Data were colleted from representative actors of the chain, in the Holambra and Greater Sao Paulo regions, referring to every stage associated to the gerbera and lily exportation processes, i.e., from production (A), to internal distribution by highway modal (B), to external distribution by airway modal (C) and to external distribution by highway modal (D). Five scenarios were built to analyze deficit and surplus and to evaluate the impact of failures occurring in each process of the cut flower chain. Technical parameters were identified in the scenarios, mainly related to logistics, that could interfere in the cut flower exportation. The values of three of them - number of stems by box, exchange rate and air freight - were modified and combined to create 36 simulations to support the scenarios analysis. The results point to the need for differentiated logistic adjusts in each process, according to the type of relationship established among the actors involved in the stages. The development of the chain as a whole may be affected by lack of knowledge on the characteristics of the exported product, which causes distortions in the information forwarded to the actors. It was verified that failures occurring in each phase could increase costs and inhibit exportations in the event of unfavorable exchange rate movements. Also, an increased stem number commercialized by box represented an alternative to assuage cost increases through the chain. Although production is characterized by an important link throughout all stages, unless the minimum conditions for adequate storage and transport are fulfilled, there will be significant losses in the commercialized volume, thus reducing this product competitiveness abroad and discontinuing its exportation in the long run. Integration of the chain is essential to the optimization of exportation.
2006
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54514/1/MPRA_paper_54514.pdf
Anefalos, Lilian Cristina and Caixeta Filho, José Vicente and Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins (2006): Input-output model for economic evaluation of the supply chain: the case of cut flowers exportation.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:54647
2019-10-08T04:39:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433637
7375626A656374733D44:4435:443537
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D52:5231:523135
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54647/
A importância econômica do agronegócio na região sul
Parré, José Luiz
Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins
C67 - Input-Output Models
D57 - Input-Output Tables and Analysis
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
R15 - Econometric and Input-Output Models ; Other Models
The main goal of this paper is to analyze the level of development in the Agribusiness of the Brazilian region South for the years of 1985, 1990 and 1995; using inter-regional input-output analysis. The results obtained show: how the Agribusiness is structured inside the regions; and how the trade flows of the Agribusiness take place
among the regions.
2001
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54647/1/MPRA_paper_54647.pdf
Parré, José Luiz and Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins (2001): A importância econômica do agronegócio na região sul. Published in: Análise Econômica , Vol. 19, No. 35 (2001)
pt
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:56012
2019-10-04T10:35:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56012/
The Role of Education in Agricultural Productivity in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(1975-2008)
Naeem ur Rehman, Khattak
Jangraiz, Khan
Muhammad, Tariq
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Agriculture is considered as the backbone of Pakistan’s economy and a reasonable proportion of population is engaged in it. The present study aims at finding the role of education in productivity of wheat, sugarcane and tobacco crops in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) during the period 1975-2008. The econometric techniques Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Cointegration have been used for analysis. The estimation results obtained from OLS shows that education, fertilizers and area under cultivation are significant determinants of agricultural productivity in KPK. The results of cointegration confirmed the existence of long run relationship between education and agricultural productivity. It is therefore, suggested to adopt effective measures to increase school enrollment especially in rural areas of the study area. Furthermore, provision of high quality fertilizers and increase in area under cultivation can be helpful in enhancing the productivity of food and cash crops in the study area.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56012/1/MPRA_paper_51911.pdf
Naeem ur Rehman, Khattak and Jangraiz, Khan and Muhammad, Tariq (2012): The Role of Education in Agricultural Productivity in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(1975-2008). Published in: Sarhad Journal of Agriculture , Vol. 28, No. 2 (June 2012): pp. 345-352.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:56367
2019-09-26T11:44:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513139
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56367/
Fodder Production Scenario and Strategies for Revitalizing Fodder Production Technologies
Meena, M.S
Singh, K.M.
Q00 - General
Q10 - General
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
Q19 - Other
Livestock production is the backbone of Indian agriculture and also plays a key role in providing employment especially in rural areas. This sector has been the primary source of energy for agriculture operation and major source of animal protein for masses. Therefore, India has been the home of major draught, milch and dual-purpose breeds of cattle. Indian dairy production system is complex and generally based on traditional and socioeconomic considerations. However, there has been a rapid change in way of agriculture (i.e. cropping system, water resources, diversification of crops, intensification of agriculture), increasing use of mechanical power, transformation from sustenance farming to market oriented farming, changing food habits etc., All these factors have their impact on animal husbandry practices. Livestock rearing in India is changing fast and there has been a rise in demand of milch cattle as compared to dual or draught breeds. The paper tries to deal with the issues and strategies for revitalizing fodder production in India.
2014-04-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56367/1/MPRA_paper_56367.pdf
Meena, M.S and Singh, K.M. (2014): Fodder Production Scenario and Strategies for Revitalizing Fodder Production Technologies.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:56967
2019-09-28T01:23:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483731
7375626A656374733D48:4837:483735
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3631
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56967/
Determinants of Migration, Revisited
Alexander, Gigi
Foley, Maggie
H71 - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
H75 - State and Local Government: Health ; Education ; Welfare ; Public Pensions
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers
Q00 - General
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
This empirical study investigates the impact on net state in-migration over the 2000-2003 period of a variety of economic and non-economic factors and thereby serves as a robustness test of previous studies. The empirical estimates indicate that the net state in-migration rate was an increasing function of median family income or expected median family income on the one hand and a decreasing function of the average cost of living. In addition, net state in-migration was an increasing function of the warmer temperatures, while being a decreasing function of the presence of hazardous waste sites. Finally, net state in-migration was an increasing function of fiscal surplus (measured as per capita state plus local government spending on public education minus per capita state plus local government property taxation) and a decreasing function of the presence of state individual income taxation.
2014-06-27
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/56967/1/MPRA_paper_56967.pdf
Alexander, Gigi and Foley, Maggie (2014): Determinants of Migration, Revisited.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:61278
2019-09-26T10:34:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3230
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3231
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3232
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3233
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3234
7375626A656374733D4A:4A32:4A3239
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30
7375626A656374733D4C:4C30:4C3030
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3530
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3531
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3533
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3534
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3535
7375626A656374733D4D:4D35:4D3539
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
7375626A656374733D59:5934
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61278/
Stakeholder Analysis as a Tool for Systems Approach Research in HRD
Yawson, Robert M.
Greiman, Bradley
J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor
J20 - General
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
J23 - Labor Demand
J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity
J29 - Other
L0 - General
L00 - General
M5 - Personnel Economics
M50 - General
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions ; Promotions
M53 - Training
M54 - Labor Management
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices
M59 - Other
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q1 - Agriculture
Q10 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Y4 - Dissertations (unclassified)
The world is experiencing significant, largely economic and sociotechnical, induced change. These induced changes are meaningful with a function of people taking collective actions around common beliefs. These changes are more than jargon, cliché and hyperbole, and they are effecting major transformations. These transformations will impact on how human resources are developed and we need to be able to forecast its effects. In order to produce such forecasts, HRD needs to become more predictive - to develop the ability to understand how human capital systems and organizations will behave in future. Further development of systems models is required to allow such predictions to be made. Critical to the development of such models will be to understand that linear epistemology cannot be the dominant epistemology of practice and that dynamic complexity of challenges confronted by HRD professionals in their daily research and practice requires a nonlinear epistemology of practice, rather than reductive or linear thinking or processes of normal science. Although the adoption of a systems approach to research in HRD is not novel, methodologies and conceptual approaches underlying it use are not very well developed. In this paper, a stakeholder analysis methodology that was developed as a novel method in conducting systems approach research in human resource development, public policy and agricultural education is described.
2014-02-19
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61278/1/MPRA_paper_61278.pdf
Yawson, Robert M. and Greiman, Bradley (2014): Stakeholder Analysis as a Tool for Systems Approach Research in HRD. Published in: Proceedings of the 21st Annual AHRD International Research Conference in the Americas (19 February 2014): pp. 1-28.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:61369
2019-09-28T21:25:42Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5135
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513531
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513532
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513533
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513537
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513538
7375626A656374733D52:5230
7375626A656374733D52:5230:523030
7375626A656374733D52:5235
7375626A656374733D52:5235:523532
7375626A656374733D52:5235:523538
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61369/
Landfills – territorial issues of cities from North-East Region, Romania
Mihai, Florin-Constantin
Ichim, Pavel
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q5 - Environmental Economics
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
Q52 - Pollution Control Adoption and Costs ; Distributional Effects ; Employment Effects
Q53 - Air Pollution ; Water Pollution ; Noise ; Hazardous Waste ; Solid Waste ; Recycling
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics ; Industrial Ecology
Q58 - Government Policy
R0 - General
R00 - General
R5 - Regional Government Analysis
R52 - Land Use and Other Regulations
R58 - Regional Development Planning and Policy
Landfilling prevails in waste management options in Romania like others new EU members, being contrary to the concept of waste hierarchy promoted in recent years by EC. Waste disposal is done usually in non-compliant landfills and Government established a program to close these sites. This paper aims to analyse the transition from traditional waste management systems to an integrated system at national, regional and local scale. Assessment of landfills location based on buffer analysis (using GIS techniques) is made according to the proximity of five critical factors (CF) such as: residential area, industry & commercial units, agricultural lands, rivers & lakes, forest and protected areas, all these factors being sensitive to pollution. Thus, most of these old sites are badly or improperly located related to surroundings and only few have an acceptable location in the study area! Therefore, the proposed method can be a necessary tool in EIA studies of these environmental threats at regional scale.
2013
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61369/1/MPRA_paper_61369.pdf
Mihai, Florin-Constantin and Ichim, Pavel (2013): Landfills – territorial issues of cities from North-East Region, Romania. Published in: Forum Geografic. Geographical studies and environment protection research , Vol. 12, No. 2 (2013): pp. 201-2010.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:61723
2019-10-21T03:07:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513234
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513238
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61723/
Response policies and strategies for intensification processes of land degradation and desertification in the Republic of Moldova
Leah, Tamara
Q00 - General
Q24 - Land
Q28 - Government Policy
Soil, the main means of production in agriculture of Moldova suffered a progressive deterioration in the last
20-30 years due to a intensive operations without adequate investment to preserve and improve its natural properties.
Intensive exploitation led to changes in chemical composition(dehumification, alkalinization,salinization) andstructure (compaction) and degradation through erosion, pollution, landslides etc. It was estimated a loss of
agricultural potential of the soil to 40% due to these direct negative effects of soil degradation. Policy analysis and response strategies showed that the state support of agriculture is very limited. There is no single source of information, containing reports on the amounts (internal and external) have been allocated, the distribution thereof and the name of the projects implemented or under implementation. Evaluation and monitoring of donor funded projects is made in several stages. In this process not involved beneficiaries and the results are made public only in some cases, depending on the scope of the project. To overcome the problems caused by land degradation is required structural agricultural policy, to ensure better use of land.
2014-11-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61723/1/MPRA_paper_61723.pdf
Leah, Tamara (2014): Response policies and strategies for intensification processes of land degradation and desertification in the Republic of Moldova. Published in: Agrarian Economy and Rural Development – Realities and Perspectives for Romania , Vol. 5, No. ISSN – 2285 – 6803; ISSN – L – 2285 – 6803 (20 November 2014): pp. 64-68.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:61725
2019-09-30T11:05:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493235
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3135
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61725/
Education and specialized training - ways to increase performance in agriculture
Marin, Ancuta
I25 - Education and Economic Development
O15 - Human Resources ; Human Development ; Income Distribution ; Migration
Q00 - General
This paper makes a brief analysis of education in general and of agricultural profile in particular, and highlights existing problems, and the ways to improve them, in order to increase performances in agriculture. The economic development of a country requires transformations qualitative, quantitative and structural, both in economy
and how people think. Therefore, there can be no economic development without fulfilling social conditions without
changing the institutional framework, without research and education, without technical progress. On Measure the
economic development, educational institutions suffer changes of functions, adapting to specific needs of the moment. In traditional societies, education refers to the transmission and reception of knowledge, to the formation of a public opinion, to maintain a broad social consensus. In modern society, the educational institution acquires a special importance, which can be regarded as recruitment agent and the distribution of individuals or group of individuals to different economic roles or positions within the social structure. Because of this, both in developed countries as well as in emerging the education became a variable of profound influence on progress of human society by facilitating economic development.
2014-11-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61725/1/MPRA_paper_61725.pdf
Marin, Ancuta (2014): Education and specialized training - ways to increase performance in agriculture. Published in: Agrarian Economy and Rural Development – Realities and Perspectives for Romania , Vol. 5, No. ISSN – 2285 – 6803; ISSN – L – 2285 – 6803 (20 November 2014): pp. 74-78.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:61726
2019-09-26T23:24:13Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4932:493239
7375626A656374733D50:5034:503436
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D52:5230
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61726/
Importance of education and training local population in process of development rural tourism in Serbia
Predrag, Vukovic
Subić, Jonel
Cvijanović, Drago
I29 - Other
P46 - Consumer Economics ; Health ; Education and Training ; Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Poverty
Q00 - General
R0 - General
Since the mid-nineties of the twentieth century begins a rapid expansion of rural tourism in Serbia. In the
first initial phase, the development has taken place without a clear plan and program. The first achieved positive results, influenced that Serbian Government since 2008 started with appropriate funding with aim to improve rural tourism development. Also, until 2008 there was no system of education and training sessions of the local population. Farmers were not educated and trained to provide adequate quality system services. On this way was undermined the competitiveness of rural tourist destination and positive results that rural tourism could bring. Expectations are that the implementation of appropriate methods of education and training could create conditions for providing better quality services, which will bring bigger effects of rural tourism and benefits to rural areas.
2014-11-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61726/1/MPRA_paper_61726.pdf
Predrag, Vukovic and Subić, Jonel and Cvijanović, Drago (2014): Importance of education and training local population in process of development rural tourism in Serbia. Published in: Agrarian Economy and Rural Development – Realities and Perspectives for Romania , Vol. 5, No. ISSN – 2285 – 6803; ISSN – L – 2285 – 6803 (20 November 2014): pp. 79-84.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:61732
2019-09-30T09:10:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513139
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61732/
Influence of non-saccharomyces yeasts on white dry wines
Poulard, Alain
Pascari, Xenia
Gaina, Boris
Q00 - General
Q19 - Other
It was demonstrated a positive action of the non-Saccharomyces yeasts on the organoleptic properties of
wines. Also, their participation in fermentation process did not involve an excessive accumulation of volatile acidity or
other taste and aroma defects. The involvement of the non-Saccharomyces yeasts in practical oenology that keeps on
recent achievements in oenological biotechnologies allow an increase of aromatic intensity (floral, fruitful etc.) in
varietal wines and preserve the varietal identity of obtained wines.
2014-11-20
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61732/1/MPRA_paper_61732.pdf
Poulard, Alain and Pascari, Xenia and Gaina, Boris (2014): Influence of non-saccharomyces yeasts on white dry wines. Published in: Agrarian Economy and Rural Development – Realities and Perspectives for Romania , Vol. 5, No. ISSN – 2285 – 6803; ISSN – L – 2285 – 6803 (20 November 2014): pp. 111-114.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:64511
2019-09-30T16:02:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:4632:463232
7375626A656374733D46:4635
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/64511/
Globalization, the environment and the future “greening” of Arab politics
Tausch, Arno
F22 - International Migration
F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy
Q00 - General
The pressures of globalization, rising ecological footprint and shrinking biocapacity and concomitant global value change will contribute towards an increase of the importance of environmental issues in the Arab world in the coming years. Without question, already the time series data from available indices – like the KOF-Index of Globalization (2015) and Ecological Footprint Network data on ecological footprint and biocapicity - all point in the direction that in objective terms the Arab World will be confronted by a synchronous increase of these phenomena in the coming years. In addition, the newly available opinion data from the recently released World Values Survey (6) for twelve members of the Arab League (Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestinian Territories, Qatar, Tunisia, and Yemen), containing almost 70% of the population of the countries of the Arab League show to us that membership rate environmental organizations, participation in environmental demonstrations and giving priority to protecting the environment over economic growth are already a factor in those countries. Their weight will increase in the years to come, given the general and very robust underlying tendencies.
Our article analyzes the empirical relationship between rising globalization and ecological performance by establishing the global long-term, structural macro-quantitative determinants of environmental performance in the world system with cross-national data. In multiple standard OLS regression models, we test the effects of 26 standard predictor variables, including the ‘four freedoms’ of goods, capital, labor and services, whose weight will all increase in the Arab world in the coming years, on the following indicators of sustainable development
- avoiding net trade of ecological footprint gha per person
- Carbon emissions per million US dollars GDP
- CO2 per capita
- Yale/Columbia Environmental Performance Index (EPI)
- Global footprint per capita
- Happy Life Years
- Happy Planet Index
- ln (number of people per mill inhabitants 1980-2000 killed by natural disasters per year+1)
Our research shows that the apprehensions of quantitative research, critical of neo-liberal globalization are fully vindicated by the significant negative environmental effects of the foreign savings rate. High foreign savings are indeed a driver of global footprint, and are a blockade against a satisfactory Happy Planet Index performance. The new international division of labor is one of the prime drivers of high CO2 per capita emissions. The penetration of economies by foreign direct investments by transnational corporations, which is the master variable of most quantitative dependency theories (MNC penetration), blocks environmental performance (EPI-Index) and several other socially important processes. Worker remittances have a significant positive effect on the Happy Planet Index, and Happy Life Years.
In attempting to draw some cautious predictions for the Arab World, the article then evaluates the performance of the Arab countries in this context with our cross-national data and with our analysis of World Values Survey (6) data for the region. While the documented data for the region from the Yale/Columbia EPI Index, which is the best single-shot available global environmental quality indicator today, and the Ecological Footprint Network time series data about rising ecological footprint and shrinking biocapacity in the Arab countries clearly indicate the sharply mounting and pressing environmental policy priorities in the region, the “greening” of Arab civil societies towards a higher degree of environmental consciousness and activism already is also becoming a considerable factor. The overall publics in Qatar and Libya are in the lead, while in the other Arab countries, environmental policy issues will gain considerably in importance in the public mindset as well. Decision makers would be well advised to channel already now these future environmental debates and movements to be expected in a way compatible with the overall well-being, prosperity, democratization and stability of the region.
2015-05-21
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/64511/1/MPRA_paper_64511.pdf
Tausch, Arno (2015): Globalization, the environment and the future “greening” of Arab politics.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:65313
2019-10-05T17:26:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D59:5939:593930
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/65313/
Pro farmer, pro industry land acquisition act
Varma, Vijaya Krushna Varma
Q00 - General
Y90 - Other
Varma suggests a new land acquisition act which is pro farmer, pro industry and pro development, and which leads to faster economic growth.
My suggestions for new land acquisition act consist of 6 segments
1. Land acquisition
2. Categorisation of Land allotment
3. Time table for completion of projects
4. Compensation
5. Rehabilitation
2015-02-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/65313/1/MPRA_paper_65313.pdf
Varma, Vijaya Krushna Varma (2015): Pro farmer, pro industry land acquisition act. Published in: TOP TAX SYSTEM (9 June 2015)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:66805
2019-10-21T03:31:55Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513137
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/66805/
Egyptian agricultural trade pattern and competitiveness
Soliman, Ibrahim
Basioni, Hala
Q00 - General
Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade
As the globalization Era that has recently enveloped all world countries the domestic markets of each country has also been strongly amalgamated into the international market. Accordingly, the implications of the international trade on the domestic agricultural trade of each country have significantly emerged. However the extend of amalgamation and interaction, would mainly depend upon the trade pattern of that country. These patterns are subject to the influence of domestic as well as international trade policies and factors directly related to crops and the production of goods that can affect the trade of agricultural products.
Therefore, the main objectives of this study are the identification of Egypt’s major trade partners, the analysis of the Egypt comparative advantages in agricultural trade, the competitiveness of the Egyptian agricultural exports with respect to the international markets, i.e. to how extend the Egyptian agricultural sector has a greater or lower share in total agricultural exports than they have in the world as a whole, and finally a quantitative outlook of agricultural markets.
The law of comparative advantage refers to the ability of a party (an individual, a firm, or a country) to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another party. It is the ability to produce a product with the highest relative efficiency given all the other products that could be produced. Comparative advantage explains how trade can create value for both parties even when one can produce all goods with fewer resources than the other. The net benefits of such an outcome are called gains from trade.
2011-05-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/66805/1/MPRA_paper_66805.pdf
Soliman, Ibrahim and Basioni, Hala (2011): Egyptian agricultural trade pattern and competitiveness. Published in: SUSTAINMED Project, SUSTAINMED Working Paper, D10 on Agricultural trade liberalization in the Mediterranean region Progress in SUSTAINMED research (18 September 2011)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:67249
2019-09-26T14:18:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67249/
Agricultural Export and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Pakistan
Abrar ul haq, Muhammd
E00 - General
Q00 - General
The main concern of this study is to analyze the impact of agricultural exports on macroeconomic performance
of Pakistan. This study estimated the relationship between Gross domestic product (GDP) and agricultural and
non-agricultural exports for Pakistan employing Johansen co-integration technique by using secondary data for
the period 1972-2008.The main findings of the study depict that agricultural exports have a negative relationship
with economic growth of Pakistan while non-agricultural exports have positive relation with economic growth.
On the basis of empirical results this study suggested that Pakistan have to do structural changes in agricultural
exports by converting its agricultural exports into value added products.
2015
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67249/1/MPRA_paper_67249.pdf
Abrar ul haq, Muhammd (2015): Agricultural Export and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Pakistan. Published in: Public Policy and Administration Research , Vol. 8, No. 5 (2015): pp. 88-96.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:67556
2019-10-01T22:05:31Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67556/
Impacts of the Economic Reform Program on the Performance of the Egyptian Agricultural sector
Soliman, Ibrahim
F. Fabiosa, Jacinto
Gaber Amer, Mohamed
Kandil, Siham
Q00 - General
Q10 - General
From 1986 to 2007 Egypt's agricultural policy transitioned from a tightly controlled to a more liberalized regime. This study examines the impact of this change on the performance of the wheat (imported grain) and rice (exported grain) sectors.
In terms of profitability, we found that the cost of production increased substantially in both grains, driven primarily by the rise in land rent and labor wage. But the wheat and rice sectors' profitability did not suffer significantly, as advances in new seed technologies and adoption of better farm practices including farm mechanization increased yield and compensated for the higher cost.
Considering market efficiency, we found that over the study period the farmer's share of the consumer's expenditure dropped from 51% to 37% in the case of wheat, while it increased from 24% to 26% in the case of rice. The reverse happened for wholesale and retail margin share, where it increased for wheat and decreased for rice. It is likely that the discipline from foreign suppliers of imported wheat and foreign market opportunities for exported rice may explain the difference in the changes of the distribution of consumer expenditure.
Finally, we found that area response elasticity decreased over time from 0.58 to 0.12 for rice and 0.60 to 0.38 for wheat. The lack of response in rice area despite rising prices is attributed to the land limit strictly imposed by the Government of Egypt because of water supply constraint considerations. On the other hand, the lack of response in wheat area despite rising wheat prices may be attributed to the rising competitiveness of Egyptian clover, which is a main feed ingredient for the growing livestock sector.
2010-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/67556/1/MPRA_paper_67556.pdf
Soliman, Ibrahim and F. Fabiosa, Jacinto and Gaber Amer, Mohamed and Kandil, Siham (2010): Impacts of the Economic Reform Program on the Performance of the Egyptian Agricultural sector. Published in: Working Paper 10-WP 509 July 2010 Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011-1070 (July 2010)
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:71428
2019-10-21T02:08:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513534
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513538
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71428/
Designing a Climate Agreement for the Reality of Self-interested and Short-term Oriented Nations
Cseh, Arpad
Q00 - General
Q54 - Climate ; Natural Disasters and Their Management ; Global Warming
Q58 - Government Policy
The global and long-term nature of climate change conflicts with the reality of self-interested and short-term oriented nations. International negotiations have failed to reach an agreement that achieves effective mitigation, as this dual conflict has not been resolved. This paper proposes an alternative approach to international cooperation, one designed with the conflicting self-interests and short-termism in mind. Key elements of the proposed framework are: establishing a new international treaty and fund; determining a benchmark emission path for each country as well as a carbon price; paying countries annually through the fund for reducing emissions below their benchmark levels as opposed to penalizing them for higher emissions; financing the fund’s annual payments by raising capital from private investors; and repaying the private capital in the long-term using contributions from participating countries. The benefits of this approach include that reaching an international agreement becomes more realistic, self-interest and short-termism are transformed from obstacles into drivers of climate change mitigation and additional financing is created to support the necessary investments. Cutting emissions, currently a burden to be shared among countries in a zero sum game, turns into an opportunity.
2016-05-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71428/1/MPRA_paper_71428.pdf
Cseh, Arpad (2016): Designing a Climate Agreement for the Reality of Self-interested and Short-term Oriented Nations.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:73142
2019-09-26T18:32:05Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/73142/
The role of plants on the impact of cultural and historical monuments
Galev, Emil
Gurkova, Maria
Galev, Nikolay
Q00 - General
Visual impact of cultural and historical monuments determined by surrounding plants is
the focus of discussion in the paper. Their influence on passengers and onlookers sidelong
roadways and trails is described in detail. A great number of practical examples have been
examined with the purpose of drawing some general conclusions from this problem to the
advantage of landscape design practice. The result of the analysis shows a considerable role of
vegetation in visual impact of monuments over the observers. Using color photographs and
observations from a number of different positions for a lot of monuments and memorials the
survey concludes that from the standpoint of aesthetic value or attractiveness the vegetation often
plays a leading role. It is not a detailed study of compositional principles for the formation of
spaces around the monuments, but demonstrates the complexity of the problem and gave some
results in addition to the theoretical foundations in this respect. Although the scenic beauty
metrics are quite debatable and controversial case it is hoped that the conclusions of this paper
will facilitate needed discussion on vegetation appropriateness and usefulness in monument's
landscape design.
2016-05
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/73142/1/MPRA_paper_73142.pdf
Galev, Emil and Gurkova, Maria and Galev, Nikolay (2016): The role of plants on the impact of cultural and historical monuments. Published in: Junior Scientific Researcher , Vol. 2, No. 1 (May 2016): pp. 1-15.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:80271
2019-10-01T07:51:29Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513134
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513338
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/80271/
Role of socio-economic variables in adoption of crop insurance: A Discriminant Function Approach
Kumari, Mrinali
Singh, K.M.
Sinha, D.K.
Ahmad, Nasim
Mishra, R.R.
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q14 - Agricultural Finance
Q38 - Government Policy
This study examined the influence of the respondents’ socio-economic characteristics on their adoption of crop insurance schemes. Discriminant analysis based on the criteria values of standardized canonical coefficient and correlation
matrix identified that educational level, farm size, satisfaction level, awareness and access to source of credit were positive discriminators while negative coefficients were obtained for age, income level and number of earning members.
Awareness about crop insurance scheme, satisfaction level of farmer respondent with respect to the insurance scheme and access to source of credit were the highest discriminant variables. The study made it amply clear that socio-economic characteristics of farmers exert a significant influence on their adoption of crop insurance schemes. Taking into cognizance the findings of the discriminant analysis it can be inferred that awareness about the schemes and their benefits have to be created among the farmers in order to motivate them to go for insurance of their crops.
2017-06-14
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/80271/1/MPRA_paper_80271.pdf
Kumari, Mrinali and Singh, K.M. and Sinha, D.K. and Ahmad, Nasim and Mishra, R.R. (2017): Role of socio-economic variables in adoption of crop insurance: A Discriminant Function Approach.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:80906
2019-09-28T02:00:12Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/80906/
Environmental and Financial Performance. Is there a win-win or a win-loss situation? Evidence from the Greek manufacturing
Kounetas, Kostas
Alexopoulos, Elias
Tzelepis, Dimitris
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
This study examines the causal linkage between environmental and financial performance in Greek manufacturing firms. Environmental performance is measured according to accounting data following the Eco Management and Auditing Scheme guidelines and ISO certification. Return on assets and return on sales are used as indicators of financial performance. Empirical findings suggest that there seems to be a link between these dimensions irrespectively of the particular sector of activity. Contrary to similar studies a “virtuous circle” does not exist as the avoidance of environmental improving investments is related to a better financial performance. On the other hand firms with superior financial performance seem to achieve a better environmental performance. At the same time firm specific and market characteristics significantly affect this relationship. These findings provide evidence that governmental and corporate actions are necessary in order to lead to a more sustainable corporate performance in the long run
2016-03-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/80906/1/MPRA_paper_80906.pdf
Kounetas, Kostas and Alexopoulos, Elias and Tzelepis, Dimitris (2016): Environmental and Financial Performance. Is there a win-win or a win-loss situation? Evidence from the Greek manufacturing.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:81892
2019-10-03T18:10:14Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4330
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433030
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D43:4331
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433131
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433135
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433138
7375626A656374733D43:4336
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433633
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433635
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/81892/
Postulating the theory of experience and chance as a theory of co~events (co~beings)
Vorobyev, Oleg Yu.
C0 - General
C00 - General
C02 - Mathematical Methods
C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
C11 - Bayesian Analysis: General
C15 - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
C18 - Methodological Issues: General
C6 - Mathematical Methods ; Programming Models ; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling
C60 - General
C63 - Computational Techniques ; Simulation Modeling
C65 - Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
The aim of the paper is the axiomatic justification of the theory of experience and chance,
one of the dual halves of which is the Kolmogorov probability theory. The author’s main idea was the
natural inclusion of Kolmogorov’s axiomatics of probability theory in a number of general concepts of
the theory of experience and chance. The analogy between the measure of a set and the probability of an
event has become clear for a long time. This analogy also allows further evolution: the measure of a set is
completely analogous to the believability of an event. In order to postulate the theory of experience and
chance on the basis of this analogy, you just need to add to the Kolmogorov probability theory its dual
reflection — the believability theory, so that the theory of experience and chance could be postulated as
the certainty (believability-probability) theory on the Cartesian product of the probability and believability
spaces, and the central concept of the theory is the new notion of co~event as a measurable binary relation
on the Cartesian product of sets of elementary incomes and elementary outcomes. Attempts to build the
foundations of the theory of experience and chance from this general point of view are unknown to me,
and the whole range of ideas presented here has not yet acquired popularity even in a narrow circle of
specialists; in addition, there was still no complete system of the postulates of the theory of experience
and chance free from unnecessary complications. Postulating the theory of experience and chance can be
carried out in different ways, both in the choice of axioms and in the choice of basic concepts and relations.
If one tries to achieve the possible simplicity of both the system of axioms and the theory constructed
from it, then it is hardly possible to suggest anything other than axiomatization of concepts co~event
and its certainty (believability-probability). The main result of this work is the axiom co~event, intended
for the sake of constructing a theory formed by dual theories of believabilities and probabilities, each of
which itself is postulated by its own Kolmogorov system of axioms. Of course, other systems of postulating
the theory of experience and chance can be imagined, however, in this work, a preference is given to
a system of postulates that is able to describe in the most simple manner the results of what I call an
experienced-random experiment.
2016-09-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/81892/1/MPRA_paper_81892.pdf
Vorobyev, Oleg Yu. (2016): Postulating the theory of experience and chance as a theory of co~events (co~beings). Published in: Proceedings of the XV FAMEMS-2016 Conference and the Workshop on Hilbert's sixth problem, Krasnoyarsk, Russia (30 September 2016): pp. 25-43.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:82570
2019-10-09T04:48:12Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513134
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82570/
La Fiscalità in agricoltura
De Pin, Antonio
Q00 - General
Q14 - Agricultural Finance
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Agricultural tax categories do not differ from the general three-tier: income, wealth, consumption; so the main taxes affect income (Irpef, Ires) and production activities (Irap), real estate (Imu, Tasi) and transfers (register, mortgages, cadastral), added value (VAT). It notes, however, that the fuel is low for its characteristic character, while, among the countless bales that characterize the life of the agricultural enterprise, concession fees, secretarial and inscription rights, taxes on machinery and vehicles, by consortia of reclamation contributions. The system focuses on the new Article 2135 of the Civil Code, which redefines the role of agricultural entrepreneur, with the recognition of the multifunctionality and multiplicity of the agricultural enterprise, foreseeing beyond cultivation, breeding and related activities, the supply of other goods and services for the community, agritourism, valorisation of the rural territory, reception and hospitality, the production of energy. Farmers go beyond land-based cooperatives, even those upstream and downstream of agricultural production, and their consortia, provided that they supply, or use, predominantly products to, or members (Article 1, Dlgs 18 May 2001, 228, Guidance and modernization of the agricultural sector).
2015-02-25
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82570/1/MPRA_paper_82570.pdf
De Pin, Antonio (2015): La Fiscalità in agricoltura. Published in: Intersezioni , Vol. 59, No. 59 (25 February 2015): pp. 1-5.
it
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:82690
2019-09-27T10:38:56Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433132
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433133
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433234
7375626A656374733D43:4338:433837
7375626A656374733D44:4432:443234
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82690/
Eficiencia técnica en la producción de café en Nicaragua: Un análisis de fronteras estocásticas
Urbina, Jilber
C12 - Hypothesis Testing: General
C13 - Estimation: General
C24 - Truncated and Censored Models ; Switching Regression Models ; Threshold Regression Models
C87 - Econometric Software
D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity
Q00 - General
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
This article analyses the technical efficiency of coffee production in Nicaragua. We apply a stochastic frontier model to estimate the technical efficiency which reaches 60%; this means that Nicaraguan coffee producers have chances to improve the way they get things done. This level of efficiency prevents Nicaragua from capturing 340 million dollars for coffee exports. At the end of 2015, revenues from coffee exports represented 3.09 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), if 100 percent productive efficiency had been achieved, the relative importance of this item would have represented 5.77 percent of GDP. A counterfactual analysis shows the gains that would be derived from achieving technical efficiency.
2017-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82690/1/MPRA_paper_82690.pdf
Urbina, Jilber (2017): Eficiencia técnica en la producción de café en Nicaragua: Un análisis de fronteras estocásticas.
es
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:84631
2019-09-26T14:24:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D41:4131:413134
7375626A656374733D43:4333:433338
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513531
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513539
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/84631/
A multi-dimensional measure of environmental behavior: Exploring the predictive power of connectedness to nature, ecological worldview and environmental concern
Halkos, George
Gkargkavouzi, Anastasia
Matsiori, Steriani
A14 - Sociology of Economics
C38 - Classification Methods ; Cluster Analysis ; Principal Components ; Factor Models
Q00 - General
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
Q59 - Other
In this study we examine the multi-dimensional structure of environmental behavior and its potential domains. Factor analysis reveal six behavioral domains: civic actions, policy support, recycling, transportation choices, behaviors in a household setting and consumerism. We use the Connectedness to Nature and Inclusion of Nature in Self scales to measure connection with nature, the New Environmental Paradigm to measure ecological worldviews, and Environmental Motives Scale to assess people’s environmental concern. We further explore the predictive power of connectedness to nature, ecological worldview, and environmental concern for explaining the diverse behavioral domains. Connectedness to nature and ecological worldview were more predictive of civic actions, recycling, household behaviors, and consumerism than were environmental concerns. In the case of policy support and transportation choices, environmental concerns explained more variance than the other constructs.
2018-02-17
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/84631/1/MPRA_paper_84631.pdf
Halkos, George and Gkargkavouzi, Anastasia and Matsiori, Steriani (2018): A multi-dimensional measure of environmental behavior: Exploring the predictive power of connectedness to nature, ecological worldview and environmental concern.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:85189
2019-09-28T04:51:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85189/
Agricultural Terms of Trade in Pakistan
Khan, Abdul Aleem
Hyder, Kalim
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
The government in Pakistan is designing new policies to
cope up with the requirements of free trade regime. Agriculture apart from being the largest sector is also one
of the most affected sectors of the economy. Changes in
the tariffs and subsidies structure have largely affected the domestic input and output prices and the consumer prices. The question now is that whether the prospects for the people depending on crop income have improved in terms
of profitability and standard of living or not?
2005-01-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85189/1/MPRA_paper_85189.pdf
Khan, Abdul Aleem and Hyder, Kalim (2005): Agricultural Terms of Trade in Pakistan. Published in: Journal of Independent Studies and Research (JISR) , Vol. 3, No. 1 (January 2005): pp. 48-52.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:85280
2019-09-27T04:33:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433630
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513538
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85280/
Mathematics vs. Statistics in tackling Environmental Economics uncertainty
Halkos, George
Kitsos, Christos
C02 - Mathematical Methods
C60 - General
Q00 - General
Q50 - General
Q58 - Government Policy
In this paper the appropriate background in Mathematics and Statistics is considered in developing methods to investigate Risk Analysis problems associated with Environmental Economics uncertainty. New senses of uncertainty are introduced and a number of sources of uncertainty are discussed and presented. The causes of uncertainty are recognized helping to understand how they affect the adopted policies and how important their management is in any decision-making process. We show Mathematical Models formulate the problem and Statistical models offer possible solutions, restricting the underlying uncertainty, given the model and the error assumptions are correct. As uncertainty is always present we suggest ways on how to handle it.
2018-03
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/85280/1/MPRA_paper_85280.pdf
Halkos, George and Kitsos, Christos (2018): Mathematics vs. Statistics in tackling Environmental Economics uncertainty.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:89131
2019-09-27T11:15:42Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3535
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89131/
Does CSR contribute to the development of rural young people in cultural tourism of sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from the Niger Delta in Nigeria
Uduji, Joseph
Okolo-Obasi, Elda
Asongu, Simplice
O1 - Economic Development
O55 - Africa
Q00 - General
Handicrafts are key cultural products consumed in the Nigeria’s tourism industry. Owing to low entry barriers, as handicrafts require a low level of capital investment, there is potential to develop viable linkages between tourism and local handicrafts sectors that create economic opportunities for local artisans. Thus, we assess the impact of a new corporate social responsibility (CSR) model of multinational oil companies on the development of rural young people (RYP) in cultural tourism in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. Six hundred RYP were sampled across the rural Niger Delta region. Using the logit model, results indicate that RYP have remained widely excluded from the General Memorandum of Understandings (GMoUs) interventions in cultural tourism projects due to the traditional beliefs that cultural affairs are prerogatives of elders, a caveat to the youths. This implies that if the traditions of the communities continue to hinder direct participation of the RYP from the GMoUs cultural tourism project interventions, achieving equality and cultural change would be limited in the region. The findings suggest that since handicrafts are key cultural products consumed in the tourism industry, GMoUs can play a role in helping to create an appropriate intervention structure that will be targeted towards youth empowerment in the area of traditional handicraft. This can be achieved if the Cluster Development Boards (CDBs) would focus on integrating rural young artisans into local tourism value chains and ensuring that they benefit economically from the sector. The CDBs should aim at creating space for the views of rural young indigenous people’s handicrafts; emphasizing the value of indigenous knowledge, particularly on arts and crafts for tourists and expatriate in multinational corporations in Nigeria.
2018-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/89131/1/MPRA_paper_89131.pdf
Uduji, Joseph and Okolo-Obasi, Elda and Asongu, Simplice (2018): Does CSR contribute to the development of rural young people in cultural tourism of sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Forthcoming in: Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:91375
2019-09-26T08:24:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5134
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513431
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513437
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513438
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/91375/
Cambodia's Oil and Gas Activities and Future Outlooks
Nguon, Ponhneath
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q4 - Energy
Q41 - Demand and Supply ; Prices
Q47 - Energy Forecasting
Q48 - Government Policy
This article aims to reveal studies on Cambodia’s current activities in the oil and gas industry. The paper will be divided into three parts: 1) Distribution of oil and gas resources 2) Current Operations in the oil and gas industry and 3) Conclusion and discussion of the future of the industry.
2018-08-30
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/91375/1/MPRA_paper_91375.pdf
Nguon, Ponhneath (2018): Cambodia's Oil and Gas Activities and Future Outlooks.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:92984
2019-09-27T04:34:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4E:4E35:4E3534
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3133
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513139
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92984/
Актуальное состояние и проблемы сельского хозяйства Сербии
Pajović, Ivan
Petrović, Dragan
Bukvić, Rajko
N54 - Europe: 1913-
O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products
Q00 - General
Q10 - General
Q19 - Other
Russian. В статье представлен дескриптивный анализ актуального общего состояния сельского хозяйства в Республике Сербия. Здесь собраны и представлены данные о региональном статистическом подразделении на территории Республики Сербия, данные о посевных площадях, земле и типах плодородных почв. В основной части статьи приводятся данные о сельскохозяйственном производстве, а особая часть о выращивании технических культур. Представлен также и критический обзор ситуации в сербском сельском хозяйстве с сопоставительными данными предыдущих периодов. В заключении представлены актуальные проблемы сельского хозяйства Сербии.
English. The paper presents the descriptive statistics of the actual general status of Serbian agriculture. Here were collected the data about regional distribution on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, then data on cultivated areas and the types of the soils for farm production. In the paper core the data about agriculture production are demonstrated, especially on technical crops. It is also shown the critique view on Serbian agriculture with comparative previous data. At the end it was introduced the actual problems of Serbian agriculture.
2018
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92984/1/MPRA_paper_92984.pdf
Pajović, Ivan and Petrović, Dragan and Bukvić, Rajko (2018): Актуальное состояние и проблемы сельского хозяйства Сербии. Published in: Инновационные технологии в АПК, материалы Международной научно-практической конференции 21-23 ноября 2018 г. / под общ. ред. В.А. Бабушкина. – Мичуринск : Издательство Мичуринского ГАУ, 2018 (2018): pp. 186-201.
ru
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:94448
2019-09-29T10:53:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94448/
Evolution of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Agricultural Cold Chain Monitoring: A Literature Review
Mosadegh Sedghy, Bahareh
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology providing considerable opportunities to improve quality control for perishable foods. Over the past decade, a significant improvement in RFID application has been observed in cold chain monitoring. The aim of this paper is to, first, demonstrate the role of RFID in improving the monitoring of the agricultural products cold chain. Particular focus is placed on the specifications of RFID and its advantages, which makes its application appealing in food temperature monitoring. Second, this paper aims to provide an overview of RFID developments in cold chain monitoring. For this purpose, we conduct a review of the literature throughout 2004-2018 citing the challenges of this technology’s practical implementation in temperature monitoring of perishables, and provide the solutions presented in the literature for each limitation. This survey would be beneficial for those involved in food distribution, as it offers approaches for overcoming the limitations of RFID, making its application more advantageous
2018-12-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94448/1/MPRA_paper_94448.pdf
Mosadegh Sedghy, Bahareh (2018): Evolution of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Agricultural Cold Chain Monitoring: A Literature Review. Published in: Journal of Agricultural Sience , Vol. 11, (15 February 2019): pp. 43-58.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:94796
2019-09-26T11:08:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513538
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94796/
The government capacity on industrial pollution management in Shanxi province: A response impulse analysis
Zhang, Lin
An, Yao
Q00 - General
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
Q58 - Government Policy
This study employs Vector Auto-regression model with Generalized Response Impulse Function to analyse the dynamic nexus between economic growth and the industrial environmental pollution intensity for six specific pollutants in Shanxi province of China from 1995 to 2015. The results show there exists bi-directional effects, with stronger impact running from economic development to industrial pollution is stronger. We also find Shanxi government shows significant capacity in the management of industrial solid waste and waste gas. The provincial government has higher capacity in controlling Sulfur Dioxide compared to soot/dust. Our results verify the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve through dynamic interactions between industrial pollution intensity and economic growth impulse. Three out of the six environmental pollution intensity responses are in the shape of inverted U curve. There are exceptions for three pollutants: N curve for Chemical Oxygen Demand and U curve for solid waste and waste gas.
2017-09
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94796/1/MPRA_paper_94796.pdf
Zhang, Lin and An, Yao (2017): The government capacity on industrial pollution management in Shanxi province: A response impulse analysis. Published in: Journal of Environmental Management , Vol. 223, (July 2018): pp. 1037-1046.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:96021
2019-09-26T18:31:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96021/
Digitisation in forest industry in Bulgaria - state and perspectives
Georgieva, Daniela
Popova, Radostina
M0 - General
Q00 - General
A main objective of the paper is to present the state, current trends and challenges in front of the enterprises in Bulgarian Forest sector, based on the introduction of digital tools and solutions in business and economy as a whole. A subject of analyses is the degree of digitisation of forest sector enterprises based on the implementation and use of online-based applications and electronic catalogs; specialized information and communication management systems and networks; office and warehouse management software. The indicators under analysis are divided into the following groups - "connectivity and digital skills"; "internal processes" and "relationship with customers, suppliers and third parties". In order to achieve comparability of the results, the selected indicators are the same as those officially used by Eurostat. For the purposes of the analysis, secondary and primary data are used as well as publications in the specialized literature, legislation framework and analyzes of statistical data from national and international databases. The paper presents primary results from in-depth interviews with management representatives from large forest industry enterprises, according to the requirements of the Bulgarian Accountancy Act (AA). Good digital practices in the furniture manufacturers are also presented, and some opportunities for development of the Forest industry entities are suggested.
2019-04
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96021/1/MPRA_paper_96021.pdf
Georgieva, Daniela and Popova, Radostina (2019): Digitisation in forest industry in Bulgaria - state and perspectives. Published in: Digitalisation and circular economy: forestry and forestry based industry implications, proceedings of scientific papers, Sofia: USB and Woodema (September 2019): pp. 181-186.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:96848
2019-11-27T13:09:40Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96848/
Digitisation in forest industry in Bulgaria - state and perspectives
Georgieva, Daniela
Popova, Radostina
Q00 - General
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
A main objective of the paper is to present the state, current trends and challenges in front of the enterprises in Bulgarian Forest sector, based on the introduction of digital tools and solutions in business and economy as a whole. A subject of analyses is the degree of digitisation of forest sector enterprises based on the implementation and use of online-based applications and electronic catalogs; specialized information and communication management systems and networks; office and warehouse management software. The indicators under analysis are divided into the following groups - "connectivity and digital skills"; "internal processes" and "relationship with customers, suppliers and third parties". In order to achieve comparability of the results, the selected indicators are the same as those officially used by Eurostat. For the purposes of the analysis, secondary and primary data are used as well as publications in the specialized literature, legislation framework and analyzes of statistical data from national and international databases. The paper presents primary results from in-depth interviews with management representatives from large forest industry enterprises, according to the requirements of the Bulgarian Accountancy Act (AA). Good digital practices in the furniture manufacturers are also presented, and some opportunities for development of the Forest industry entities are suggested.
2019-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96848/1/MPRA_paper_96848.pdf
Georgieva, Daniela and Popova, Radostina (2019): Digitisation in forest industry in Bulgaria - state and perspectives. Published in: Digitalisation and circular economy: forestry and forestry based industry implications, proceedings of scientific papers, Sofia: USB & WoodEMA, ISBN 978-954-397-042-1 (paper); ISBN 978-954-397-043-8 (CD); ISBN 978-954-397-044-5 ( (September 2019): pp. 181-186.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:98078
2020-01-15T22:17:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/98078/
Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability
Dickinson, Jeffrey
J1 - Demographic Economics
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q10 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
This paper builds on the literature testing for labor market inefficiencies in developing countries. Empirical tests using a panel data survey from Tanzania first reject the homogeneity of family and hired labor, and then reject labor market separation or completeness. Further tests for the efficient allocation of manure among plots reject, revealing that agricultural households face considerable constraints in factor markets. All rejections, except hired harvest labor, are robust to the inclusion of household-specific effects, and control for heterogenous household preferences, and village-specific shocks. I incorporate high-resolution annual population estimates from the LandScan database, which uses satellite imagery to construct population estimates, and find that in areas with higher population density, less family labor is used and more hired labor is used.
2020-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/98078/1/MPRA_paper_98078.pdf
Dickinson, Jeffrey (2020): Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:98216
2020-01-23T14:22:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/98216/
Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability
Dickinson, Jeffrey
J1 - Demographic Economics
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q10 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
This paper builds on the literature testing for labor market inefficiencies in developing countries. Empirical tests using a panel data survey from Tanzania first reject the homogeneity of family and hired labor, and then reject labor market separation or completeness. Further tests for the efficient allocation of manure among plots reject, revealing that agricultural households face considerable constraints in factor markets. All rejections, except hired harvest labor, are robust to the inclusion of household-specific effects, and control for heterogenous household preferences, and village-specific shocks. I incorporate high-resolution annual population estimates from the LandScan database, which uses satellite imagery to construct population estimates, and find that in areas with higher population density, less family labor is used and more hired labor is used.
2020-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/98216/1/MPRA_paper_98216.pdf
Dickinson, Jeffrey (2020): Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:98938
2020-03-12T01:39:42Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D43:4330:433032
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433631
7375626A656374733D43:4336:433633
7375626A656374733D4D:4D30:4D3030
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513135
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
7375626A656374733D51:5132:513233
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513537
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/98938/
Modelling strategies for the reduction of fat dormice in northern Italian hazel groves.
Scire', Giovanni
C02 - Mathematical Methods
C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis
C63 - Computational Techniques ; Simulation Modeling
M00 - General
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q10 - General
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation ; Agriculture and Environment
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Q23 - Forestry
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics ; Industrial Ecology
The production of hazelnuts represents an important resource for several Italian rural areas. Sicily and Piedmont,
two of the most important producers of hazelnuts, are affected by the presence of the dormouse (Glis glis), that
has considerably severely harmed the production of hazelnuts. This study aims to analyse the issue in the Province
of Cuneo in Piedmont and to evaluate the sustainability of the policies implemented by using the System Dynamics
(SD) methodology. An SD predator-prey microworld was built to reproduce the main relevant cause and effect
relationships between the development of the dormouse population and local hazelnut production. The results of
the SD microworld simulation show the effects of reduction policies on hazelnut production over time. The findings
and further research recommendations are briefly reported in the conclusion section.
2019-02-22
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/98938/1/MPRA_paper_98938.pdf
Scire', Giovanni (2019): Modelling strategies for the reduction of fat dormice in northern Italian hazel groves. Published in: International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology , Vol. 4, No. 14 (22 February 2019): pp. 352-367.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:99294
2020-03-30T15:51:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513531
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513537
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/99294/
Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior in the context of recycling: The role of moral norms and of demographic predictors
Botetzagias, Iosif
Dima, Antora-Fani
Malesios, Chrisovalantis
Q00 - General
Q5 - Environmental Economics
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics ; Industrial Ecology
This paper examines how an individual's moral norms and demographic characteristics interact with the standard ‘Theory of Planned Behavior’ predictors (Attitude; Subjective Norms; and Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC)) in explaining the intention to recycle (RI). Our data originate from an empirical research of Greek citizens conducted in Autumn 2013 (N = 293). Through structural equation modeling, we find that PBC is consistently the most important predictor of RI. Moral norms have a larger effect on RI than Attitude while their influence is primarily direct. On the contrary, demographic characteristics were found to be statistically non-significant predictors of RI, similarly to Subjective Norms.
2015-02
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/99294/1/MPRA_paper_99294.pdf
Botetzagias, Iosif and Dima, Antora-Fani and Malesios, Chrisovalantis (2015): Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior in the context of recycling: The role of moral norms and of demographic predictors. Published in: Resources, Conservation and Recycling , Vol. 95, (February 2015): pp. 58-67.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:99472
2020-04-15T17:06:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/99472/
Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability
Dickinson, Jeffrey
J1 - Demographic Economics
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q10 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
This paper builds on the literature testing for labor market inefficiencies in developing countries. Empirical tests using a panel data survey from Tanzania first reject the homogeneity of family and hired labor, and then reject labor market separation or completeness. Further tests for the efficient allocation of manure among plots reject, revealing that agricultural households face considerable constraints in factor markets. All rejections, except hired harvest labor, are robust to the inclusion of household-specific effects, and control for heterogenous household preferences, and village-specific shocks. I incorporate high-resolution annual population estimates from the LandScan database, which uses satellite imagery to construct population estimates, and find that in areas with higher population density, less family labor is used and more hired labor is used.
2020-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/99472/8/MPRA_paper_99472.pdf
Dickinson, Jeffrey (2020): Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:99699
2020-04-20T07:42:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/99699/
The Butte Fire: A Case Study in Using LIDAR Measures of Pre-Fire Vegetation to Estimate Structure Loss Rates
Schmidt, James
Q00 - General
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
The Butte Fire occurred in the northern Sierra Nevada foothills of California in September, 2015, resulting in the loss of two lives and an estimated 1,565 structures in 70,000 acres (28,000 ha.) burned. This study evaluates the utility of vegetation measures derived from pre-fire LIDAR data in predicting structure loss for the Butte Fire. Additional explanatory variables such as elevation, topography, structure density, and structure access are also examined to determine their impact on structure loss rates. Loss estimates based on LIDAR-derived vegetation measures are compared to estimates derived from infrared aerial imagery to evaluate the relative effectiveness of using LIDAR for this purpose.
LIDAR-derived vegetation density in the 50-foot (15 m.) zone around each structure was found to be the most significant variable associated with structure loss. Elevation was the second most statistically significant predictor of structure loss. On average, a 10% increase in vegetation density in the 50-foot (15 m.) zone around each structure led to an estimated 10.2% increase in structure loss. A 1000 foot (300 m.) rise in elevation was associated with a 15% increase in structure loss. Topographic variables such as slope, aspect, and topographic position did not appear to have an important effect on structure losses. Measures of structure density and structure access also were not statistically significant predictors of structure loss rates.
Vegetation cover derived from infrared aerial imagery proved nearly as accurate as LIDAR-derived vegetation density in estimating the probability of structure loss.
2020-04-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/99699/1/MPRA_paper_99699.pdf
Schmidt, James (2020): The Butte Fire: A Case Study in Using LIDAR Measures of Pre-Fire Vegetation to Estimate Structure Loss Rates.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:101942
2020-07-26T06:15:41Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/101942/
Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability
Dickinson, Jeffrey
J1 - Demographic Economics
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q10 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
This paper builds on the literature testing for labor market inefficiencies in developing countries. Empirical tests using a panel data survey from Tanzania first reject the homogeneity of family and hired labor, and then reject labor market separation or completeness. Further tests for the efficient allocation of manure among plots reject, revealing that agricultural households face considerable constraints in factor markets. All rejections, except hired harvest labor, are robust to the inclusion of household-specific effects, and control for heterogenous household preferences, and village-specific shocks. I incorporate high-resolution annual population estimates from the LandScan database, which uses satellite imagery to construct population estimates, and find that in areas with higher population density, less family labor is used and more hired labor is used.
2020-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/101942/16/MPRA_paper_101942.pdf
Dickinson, Jeffrey (2020): Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:102430
2020-08-15T09:07:55Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33
7375626A656374733D4A:4A33:4A3330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3630
7375626A656374733D4A:4A36:4A3638
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32:4F3230
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102430/
Women’s Contribution to Local Economic Development: A Study of Women in Cassava Production and Processing in Central Tongu District of Ghana
Forson, Joseph Ato
Baah-Ennumh, Theresa Yaaba
Mensah, Sampson Obed
J0 - General
J00 - General
J3 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
J30 - General
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
J60 - General
J68 - Public Policy
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
O20 - General
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
The agriculture sector is the predominant employer of the active workforce in Ghana. Among this workforce, women constitute majority which invariable imply their role cannot be overemphasized. This study therefore examines how the socioeconomic characteristics of women affects local economic development through cassava production and processing in Central Tongu District of Ghana. A proportional stratified probability sampling with simple random sampling technique was used to select 171 respondents out of 296 in the sampling frame. The paper finds educational level and family size to be significantly related to cassava production and processing in the district. Cassava production and processing was observed to be a profitable economic activity. The paper therefore suggests that government through its decentralized system should focus on policies that promotes cassava related businesses. Also the Assembly through its Business Advisory Centre should support women with credit facilities through the MASLOC initiative. This will give more meaning to the national development thrust of enhancing sustainable livelihoods among indigenes within poverty stricken localities.
2014-06-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102430/1/MPRA_paper_102430.pdf
Forson, Joseph Ato and Baah-Ennumh, Theresa Yaaba and Mensah, Sampson Obed (2014): Women’s Contribution to Local Economic Development: A Study of Women in Cassava Production and Processing in Central Tongu District of Ghana. Published in: Global Social Welfare , Vol. 4, No. 4 (15 January 2017): pp. 189-198.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:102491
2020-08-23T20:20:58Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102491/
The Impact of Artisanal Small-Scale Mining on Sustainable Livelihoods: A Case Study of Mining Communities in the Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality of Ghana
Baah-Ennumh, Theresa Yaaba
Forson, Joseph Ato
I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
I30 - General
J0 - General
J00 - General
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of artisanal small-scale mining on sustainable livelihoods in the Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality of Ghana. The study seeks to answer the following questions: (1) what is the impact of artisanal small-scale mining on livelihoods in the Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality? (2) What measures could be put in place to ensure the sustainability of livelihoods in the municipality? Case study approach to inquiry was used in the study. The authors used interview guides (structured and unstructured) to collect primary data from a sample of 400 household heads, nineteen institutions, six Artisanal and Small-scale Mining (ASM) firms, six mineral processing companies, and two gold buying agents, and traditional authorities from the Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality. The findings of the study indicate among other things that; land has been rendered unproductive due to the inability of the dominant ASM firms to reclaim lands after mining. The workers’ exposure to cyanide and mercury makes them vulnerable to all manner of health risks which is a threat to the sustenance of livelihoods. Owing to the unsustainable nature of mining activities, the future indicates not only increases in unemployment, but also environmental degradation and health concerns.
2015-07-15
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102491/1/MPRA_paper_102491.pdf
Baah-Ennumh, Theresa Yaaba and Forson, Joseph Ato (2015): The Impact of Artisanal Small-Scale Mining on Sustainable Livelihoods: A Case Study of Mining Communities in the Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality of Ghana. Published in: World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development , Vol. 13, No. 3 (10 July 2017): pp. 204-222.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:102564
2020-08-26T11:40:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102564/
Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability
Dickinson, Jeffrey
J1 - Demographic Economics
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q10 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
This paper builds on the literature testing for labor market inefficiencies in developing countries. Empirical tests using a panel data survey from Tanzania first reject the homogeneity of family and hired labor, and then reject labor market separation or completeness. Further tests for the efficient allocation of manure among plots reject, revealing that agricultural households face considerable constraints in factor markets. All rejections, except hired harvest labor, are robust to the inclusion of household-specific effects, and control for heterogenous household preferences, and village-specific shocks. I incorporate high-resolution annual population estimates from the LandScan database, which uses satellite imagery to construct population estimates, and find that in areas with higher population density, less family labor is used and more hired labor is used.
2020-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102564/1/MPRA_paper_102564.pdf
Dickinson, Jeffrey (2020): Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:104339
2020-12-03T14:10:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3332
7375626A656374733D4F:4F33:4F3333
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/104339/
Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) in Agricultural Extension: An Overview
Singh, K M
Singh, Pushpa
Shahi, Brajesh
Shekhar, Dibyanshu
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) is the only institution at the district level in India for technological backstopping in agriculture and allied sectors. All KVKs are envisaged to reduce the time lag between generation of technology at the research institution and its application to the location specific farmer fields for increasing production, productivity and net farm income on a sustained basis. Each KVK has been provided with a team of multi-disciplinary subject matter specialists for taking up the activities of a KVK. Each KVK has a provision of Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC), the function of this Committee is to provide advice to the KVK in formulation of annual technical programme and also to review the performance mandated activities. KVKs are implementing various technological interventions based on the needs of the farming community. The paper tries to critically examine the developments so far and what needs to be done further to strengthen the KVKs.
2012
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/104339/1/MPRA_paper_104339.pdf
Singh, K M and Singh, Pushpa and Shahi, Brajesh and Shekhar, Dibyanshu (2012): Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) in Agricultural Extension: An Overview.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:105016
2022-03-01T09:48:12Z
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:105298
2021-01-15T01:42:42Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513133
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513136
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105298/
Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability
Dickinson, Jeffrey
J1 - Demographic Economics
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q00 - General
Q1 - Agriculture
Q10 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services
This paper builds on the literature testing for labor market inefficiencies in developing countries. Empirical tests using a panel data survey from Tanzania first reject the homogeneity of family and hired labor, and then reject labor market separation or completeness. Further tests for the efficient allocation of manure among plots reject, revealing that agricultural households face considerable constraints in factor markets. All rejections, except hired harvest labor, are robust to the inclusion of household-specific effects, and control for heterogenous household preferences, and village-specific shocks. I incorporate high-resolution annual population estimates from the LandScan database, which uses satellite imagery to construct population estimates, and find that in areas with higher population density, less family labor is used and more hired labor is used.
2020-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105298/1/MPRA_paper_105298.pdf
Dickinson, Jeffrey (2020): Constraints to Tanzanian Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:107403
2021-04-30T07:17:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D43:4331
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433130
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433132
7375626A656374733D43:4331:433138
7375626A656374733D43:4332
7375626A656374733D43:4332:433232
7375626A656374733D43:4334
7375626A656374733D43:4334:433430
7375626A656374733D43:4335
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433532
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433533
7375626A656374733D43:4335:433538
7375626A656374733D45:4530
7375626A656374733D45:4530:453030
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453330
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453331
7375626A656374733D45:4533:453337
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453434
7375626A656374733D45:4534:453437
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453532
7375626A656374733D45:4535:453538
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463330
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463331
7375626A656374733D46:4633:463337
7375626A656374733D47:4730:473030
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473132
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473135
7375626A656374733D47:4731:473137
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513032
7375626A656374733D51:5131
7375626A656374733D51:5132
7375626A656374733D51:5133
7375626A656374733D51:5133:513333
7375626A656374733D51:5134
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513433
7375626A656374733D51:5134:513437
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107403/
The Mean Squared Prediction Error Paradox
Pincheira, Pablo
Hardy, Nicolas
C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
C10 - General
C12 - Hypothesis Testing: General
C18 - Methodological Issues: General
C2 - Single Equation Models ; Single Variables
C22 - Time-Series Models ; Dynamic Quantile Regressions ; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models ; Diffusion Processes
C4 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics
C40 - General
C5 - Econometric Modeling
C52 - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods ; Simulation Methods
C58 - Financial Econometrics
E0 - General
E00 - General
E30 - General
E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation
E37 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
E47 - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
E52 - Monetary Policy
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
F30 - General
F31 - Foreign Exchange
F37 - International Finance Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
G00 - General
G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates
G15 - International Financial Markets
G17 - Financial Forecasting and Simulation
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q02 - Commodity Markets
Q1 - Agriculture
Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation
Q3 - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation
Q33 - Resource Booms
Q4 - Energy
Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy
Q47 - Energy Forecasting
In this paper, we show that traditional comparisons of Mean Squared Prediction Error (MSPE) between two competing forecasts may be highly controversial. This is so because when some specific conditions of efficiency are not met, the forecast displaying the lowest MSPE will also display the lowest correlation with the target variable. Given that violations of efficiency are usual in the forecasting literature, this opposite behavior in terms of accuracy and correlation with the target variable may be a fairly common empirical finding that we label here as "the MSPE Paradox." We characterize "Paradox zones" in terms of differences in correlation with the target variable and conduct some simple simulations to show that these zones may be non-empty sets. Finally, we illustrate the relevance of the Paradox with two empirical applications.
2021-04-24
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107403/1/MPRA_paper_107403.pdf
Pincheira, Pablo and Hardy, Nicolas (2021): The Mean Squared Prediction Error Paradox.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:108626
2021-07-30T10:05:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D47:4732:473238
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513538
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/108626/
Ο ρόλος της Κεντρικής Τράπεζας μιας χώρας ως προς το ζήτημα της “Πράσινης” Οικονομίας
Kyriazis, Nikolaos A.
Economou, Emmanouel/Marios/Lazaros
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
Q00 - General
Q58 - Government Policy
Η μετάβαση σε μια περισσότερο φιλική προς το περιβάλλον οικονομία αποτελεί ένα από τα θέματα πολύ υψηλού ενδιαφέροντος στην εποχή μας. Παρατηρείται ολοένα και μεγαλύτερο πλήθος ανθρώπων που υποστηρίζουν ότι πρέπει να ληφθούν περισσότερα οικονομικά μέτρα για την προστασία του περιβάλλοντος στον πλανήτη, καθώς η αντιμετώπιση της μόλυνσης θεωρείται ως ο μεγαλύτερος πλούτος που μπορεί να απολαύσει κάποιος στη διαβίωση του. Από την άλλη, επίσης πολλοί είναι κι οι θιασώτες της αντίθετης άποψης, ότι δηλαδή η διοχέτευση μεγάλου μέρους των διαθέσιμων πόρων σε φιλικές προς το περιβάλλον επιχειρηματικές δραστηριότητες, είναι αναποτελεσματική οικονομικά και αναπόφευκτα θα οδηγήσει σε ύφεση και μείωση της απασχόλησης.
2021-03-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/108626/1/MPRA_paper_108626.pdf
Kyriazis, Nikolaos A. and Economou, Emmanouel/Marios/Lazaros (2021): Ο ρόλος της Κεντρικής Τράπεζας μιας χώρας ως προς το ζήτημα της “Πράσινης” Οικονομίας.
el
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:109075
2021-08-07T13:38:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513132
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/109075/
भारत मे किसान आत्महत्याये
BAGDE, RAKSHIT
Q00 - General
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Farmer suicides in India
2019-01-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/109075/1/MPRA_paper_109075.pdf
BAGDE, RAKSHIT (2019): भारत मे किसान आत्महत्याये. Published in: Gurukul Journal , Vol. 7(1), No. 4 (31 January 2019): pp. 24-27.
hi
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:110290
2023-09-23T20:51:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A31
7375626A656374733D4A:4A34:4A3433
7375626A656374733D4F:4F31:4F3132
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/110290/
Constraints to Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability
Dickinson, Jeffrey
J1 - Demographic Economics
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Q00 - General
This paper analyzes labor market frictions and evaluates the demand for different labor types in Tanzanian agricultural labor markets. Using panel data from the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) I estimate labor demand functions separately for different types of labor (family, hired, prep, harvest, men's and women's) and find significant differences in the coefficients on the estimated labor demand functions. Dividing labor into appropriate categories and estimating demand for preparatory and harvest labor separately is critical since agricultural labor demand is highly-seasonal. Plots of land managed by household heads receive a disproportionate share of men's labor. Plots managed by women receive a lower share of the labor applied by adult men in the household and a higher share of the labor applied by adult women involved in farming. The result indicates intra-household inefficiency resulting from gender and social norms and suggests potential for gains from more extensive cooperation and coordination among household members.
2020-01-10
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/110290/1/MPRA_paper_110290.pdf
Dickinson, Jeffrey (2020): Constraints to Agricultural Development: Input Use in Households Under Non-Separability.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:112233
2022-03-05T15:07:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30:4A3030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/112233/
Заетост на жените в горския сектор в държави-членки на ЕС по Дунавския регион
Георгиева, Даниела
J00 - General
Q00 - General
Основна цел на разработката е да се анализира степента на участие на представители от женския пол в горския сектор в България и в другите държави-членки на ЕС по Дунавския регион. Обект на по-задълбочен анализ са заетите лица от женски пол в отраслите – „горско стопанство и дърводобив“; „производството на дървен материал и изделия от дървен материал и корк, без мебели, производство на изделия от слама и материали за плетене“; „производство на хартия и хартиени изделия“; „производството на мебели“. Основната авторова хипотеза е, че участието на жените в горския сектор в държавите-членки на ЕС по Дунавския район е слабо. Текущо възприетите мерки за мотивиране на тяхното участие не дават съществени резултати. Те са предимно насочени към обучения, които обаче не отразяват реалните причини за липсата на интерес на жените в сектора. Възприетите изследователски методи се основават на логическия, дедуктивния и сравнителен методи, както и на методите на анализ и синтез. Резултатите от разработката подпомагат литературата като представят повече данни за заетостта на жените в горския сектор, както и добри практики от изследваните държави.
2021
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/112233/1/MPRA_paper_112233.pdf
Георгиева, Даниела (2021): Заетост на жените в горския сектор в държави-членки на ЕС по Дунавския регион. Published in: Списание за наука „Ново знание“ No. 10-1 (2021) : pp. 32-51.
bg
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:112303
2022-03-08T14:38:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513032
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513130
7375626A656374733D51:5131:513138
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513530
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513537
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/112303/
Valuing Supporting Soil Ecosystem Services in Agriculture: a Natural Capital Approach
Brady, Mark
Hedlund, Katarina
Cong, Rong-Gang
Hemerik, Lia
Hotes, Stefan
Machado, Stephen
Mattsson, Lennart
Schulz, Elke
Thomsen, Ingrid K.
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q02 - Commodity Markets
Q10 - General
Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
Q50 - General
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics ; Industrial Ecology
Soil biodiversity through its delivery of ecosystem functions and attendant supporting ecosystem services—benefits soil organisms generate for farmers—underpins agricultural production. Yet lack of practical methods to value the long-term effects of current farming practices results, inevitably, in short-sighted management decisions. We present a method for valuing changes in supporting soil ecosystem services and associated soil natural capital—the
value of the stock of soil organisms—in agriculture, based on resultant changes in future farm income streams. We assume that a relative change in soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration is correlated with changes in soil biodiversity and the generation of supporting ecosystem
services. To quantify the effects of changes in supporting services on agricultural productivity, we fitted production functions to data from long-term field experiments in
Europe and the USA. The different agricultural treatments at each site resulted in significant changes in SOC concentrations over time. Declines in associated services are shown to reduce both maximum yield and fertilizer-use efficiency in the future. The average depreciation of
soil natural capital, for a 1% relative reduction in SOC concentration, was 144 € ha-1 (SD 47 € ha-1) when discounting future values to their current value at 3%; the variation was explained by site specific factors and the current SOC concentration. Moreover, the results show that soil ecosystem services cannot be fully replaced by purchased inputs, they are imperfect substitutes. We anticipate our results will both encourage and make it possible to include the value of soil natural capital in decisions.
2015
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/112303/1/MPRA_paper_112303.pdf
Brady, Mark and Hedlund, Katarina and Cong, Rong-Gang and Hemerik, Lia and Hotes, Stefan and Machado, Stephen and Mattsson, Lennart and Schulz, Elke and Thomsen, Ingrid K. (2015): Valuing Supporting Soil Ecosystem Services in Agriculture: a Natural Capital Approach. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:113924
2022-07-29T10:47:44Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D44:4431:443130
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3133
7375626A656374733D4C:4C31:4C3135
7375626A656374733D4C:4C38:4C3832
7375626A656374733D4D:4D33:4D3330
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/113924/
The organic food price premium and its susceptibility to news media coverage: Evidence from the U.S. milk industry
Gayle, Philip
Wang, Jin
Fang, Shengnan
D10 - General
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
L82 - Entertainment ; Media
M30 - General
Q00 - General
This paper investigates the extent to which media coverage on organic dairy issues influences consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the organic attribute of milk. We find that news with contents most often viewed as negative toward organic dairy are more powerful in decreasing consumers’ WTP for the organic attribute of milk compared to the positive WTP impact of news articles with contents most often viewed as positive toward organic dairy. Interestingly, consumers' increasing exposure to organic dairy news that even take a neutral stance on the organic attribute also increases their WTP for the organic attribute.
2022-07-13
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/113924/1/MPRA_paper_113924.pdf
Gayle, Philip and Wang, Jin and Fang, Shengnan (2022): The organic food price premium and its susceptibility to news media coverage: Evidence from the U.S. milk industry. Forthcoming in: Applied Economics
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:113980
2022-08-03T10:14:12Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D4A:4A30
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/113980/
Attitudes, priorities and opportunities for managerial development of female forest professionals and female forest owners in Bulgaria
Georgieva, Daniela
J0 - General
Q00 - General
The current strategic goals and proposed initiatives regarding the labor force challenges in the forestry sector in Bulgaria are covering the overall development of human capacity without separately focusing on female managerial opportunities and participation in the sector. Researches in the field are indicative of the low level of employment of women with a tendency for becoming even lower during the upcoming years. However, women are an important factor in the labor market of the current modern society. The main goal of the paper is to study the attractiveness of forestry in Bulgaria by outlining the attitudes, priorities, and opportunities of women (1) to develop in their careers at the public and private forestry sectors and (2) to manage their forests as an alternative form for entrepreneurial development and increasing the competitiveness of the sector. Primary data is presented from the Fem4Forest project with information from in-depth interviews among the target groups, a round table with stakeholders and decision-makers, and results from online questionnaires.
2021-12
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/113980/1/MPRA_paper_113980.pdf
Georgieva, Daniela (2021): Attitudes, priorities and opportunities for managerial development of female forest professionals and female forest owners in Bulgaria. Published in: 15th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2022 Crisis management and safety foresight in forest-based sector and SMEs operating in the global environment, International Association for Economics, Management, Marketing, Quality and Huma Resources in (August 2022): pp. 425-430.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:117512
2023-06-09T13:21:03Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5131
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/117512/
Economie agrara si dezvoltare rurala - realitati si perspective pentru Romania
Vili, Dragomir
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q1 - Agriculture
The present volume is the collection of the conference papers presented on The 12th International Symposium Agricultural economics and rural development. Realities and perspectives for Romania, organized by The Research Institute for Agrarian Economy and Rural Development during 17 November 2021 of September, in Bucharest, Romania. The main aim of this symposium was both to present the newest research results and findings in field of agricultural and rural development research and, also to encourage the direct implementation of these results in practice by creating a strong cooperation between academicians and researchers with the field experts and investors.
2021
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/117512/1/AERD-Symposium-2021-1.pdf
Vili, Dragomir (2021): Economie agrara si dezvoltare rurala - realitati si perspective pentru Romania. Published in: Agrarian Economy and Rural Development – Realities and perspectives for Romania , Vol. 12, No. 2021 (17 November 2021): pp. 1-364.
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:117900
2023-07-20T17:33:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493331
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493338
7375626A656374733D4F:4F32
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35
7375626A656374733D4F:4F35:4F3530
7375626A656374733D51:5130
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513031
7375626A656374733D51:5135
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513531
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513534
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513536
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513537
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513538
7375626A656374733D52:5232
7375626A656374733D52:5232:523233
7375626A656374733D59:5938
7375626A656374733D59:5939
7375626A656374733D5A:5A30
7375626A656374733D5A:5A30:5A3030
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3133
7375626A656374733D5A:5A31:5A3138
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/117900/
Stateless sea gypsies in Bangsamoro coastlines: Understanding the Sama Bajau ethnic tribe in the Philippines
Moreno, Frede
I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being
I38 - Government Policy ; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
O5 - Economywide Country Studies
O50 - General
Q0 - General
Q00 - General
Q01 - Sustainable Development
Q5 - Environmental Economics
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
Q54 - Climate ; Natural Disasters and Their Management ; Global Warming
Q56 - Environment and Development ; Environment and Trade ; Sustainability ; Environmental Accounts and Accounting ; Environmental Equity ; Population Growth
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics ; Industrial Ecology
Q58 - Government Policy
R2 - Household Analysis
R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population ; Neighborhood Characteristics
Y8 - Related Disciplines
Y9 - Other
Z0 - General
Z00 - General
Z1 - Cultural Economics ; Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology
Z13 - Economic Sociology ; Economic Anthropology ; Social and Economic Stratification
Z18 - Public Policy
This research paper investigates the socio-political and cultural dynamics surrounding the Sama Bajau ethnic tribe, commonly referred to as "stateless sea gypsies," residing along the coastlines of the Bangsamoro region in the Philippines. By employing a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses anthropology, sociology, and public administration, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the historical, socio-cultural, and political contexts that contribute to the statelessness of the Sama Bajau community. Drawing on a thorough examination of existing literature, empirical data analysis, and field observations, this research reveals the challenges confronted by the Sama Bajau, including limited access to essential services, landlessness, marginalization, and the preservation of their cultural heritage. Moreover, it explores the intricate relationship between state policies, local governance structures, and the resilient cultural practices of the Sama Bajau. In light of these findings, this study presents a set of policy recommendations aimed at addressing the plight of the Sama Bajau tribe. These proposals advocate for the recognition of their rights to cultural identity and land, the provision of basic social services, and the implementation of inclusive strategies to enhance their active involvement in decision-making processes.
2023-05-31
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/117900/1/_STATELESS%20SEA%20GYPSIES%20-%20MORENO%20-%20May%2031%2C%202023%20-%20FINAL.pdf
Moreno, Frede (2023): Stateless sea gypsies in Bangsamoro coastlines: Understanding the Sama Bajau ethnic tribe in the Philippines. Published in:
en
oai:mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de:119775
2024-01-13T11:08:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D49:4933:493330
7375626A656374733D51:5130:513030
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513531
7375626A656374733D51:5135:513539
74797065733D7061706572
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/119775/
Personality traits and associations with pro-environmental and economically-relevant behaviors: A brief overview of research evidence
Halkos, George
Gkargkavouzi, Anastasia
I30 - General
Q00 - General
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
Q59 - Other
The current review aims to briefly (1) examine the relationship between personality traits and pro-environmental behaviors, considering the role of attitudinal and other psychological factors like concern, and (2) explore how personality variables are associated with economic choices in the context of environmental preference, especially willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental goods and services. Overall, the results highlight the importance of personality dimensions in understanding and predicting pro-environmental actions and intentions, including WTP. Personality traits play a significant role in explaining variations in environmental concern and sustainable behaviors. Agreeableness and openness have emerged as reliable indicators of individual environmental considerations. Agreeableness reflects empathy and concern for others, while openness is associated with increased environmentally conscious behavior. Neuroticism and conscientiousness have also been linked to environmental concern, but their impact may be influenced by contextual factors. Personality research enhances researchers' understanding of individual variations in economic behavior, providing more comprehensive explanations for individuals' choices and values. Understanding the impact of personality on stated preferences can enhance our comprehension of the variations in acceptance of environmental improvement policies among individuals, shed light on the distribution of benefits and costs across different personality types, and identify potential challenges in implementing these environmental improvements due to behavioral factors. Research on personality and environmentalism needs to expand to advance our understanding environmental behaviors and economic choices.
2024-01
MPRA Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/119775/1/MPRA_paper_119775.pdf
Halkos, George and Gkargkavouzi, Anastasia (2024): Personality traits and associations with pro-environmental and economically-relevant behaviors: A brief overview of research evidence.
en