Child Rights Convention and its Implementation

Rena, Ravinder (2006): Child Rights Convention and its Implementation. Published in: Indian Ocean Digest , Vol. 22, No. 1-2 (22 December 2007): pp. 1-11.

Abstract

Child labour is one of the severe problems faced by developed and developing economies. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) adopted on 20 November 1989 and entered into force on 2 September 1990. Nevertheless the challenges faced by the children remained the same. In some of the African and Asian countries children are exposed to vulnerable conditions due to various economic, social, cultural and political problems. This paper provides a general overview of the impact of poverty on child labour and child soldier. An attempt is made in this article to highlight and critically examine the problems of children in many developing countries. An attempt is also made to highlight what may be termed as tentative children issues and lessons emerging from Africa and India.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Poverty, Child labour, child soldier, Child rights’ convention, Africa, India
• Subjects: J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J1 - Demographic Economics > J13 - Fertility ; Family Planning ; Child Care ; Children ; Youth; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty > I31 - General Welfare, Well-Being; K - Law and Economics > K4 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior > K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law; K - Law and Economics > K4 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty > I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty

References

1.Basu, K., “Child Labour: Cause, Consequence, and Cure with Remarks on International Labour Standards”, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol.XXXVII, 1999 (September).

2.African Children’s Charter which entered into force on 29 November 1999 and by the end of September 2000, it had been ratified by 21 states (OAU DOC/OS (XXVIII) INF. 25.

3.“Maputo Declaration on the Use of Children as Soldiers”, Maputo, Mozambique April 22, 1999 at <http://www.hrw.org/campaigns/crp/maputo-declaration.htm> (accessed 5 May 2006).

4.See Rena, Ravinder, “Child Soldier in Armed Conflict”, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia: Kalingga Vol5, No.3. 2004, pp.1-5.

5.UNICEF, The State of the World's Children Report 2004, New York: UNICEF, 2004.

6.See also “Committee on the Rights of the Child Concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child: Uganda” UN Doc CRC/C/15/Add.80 para 19. See also “Committee on the Rights of the Child Concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child: Sierra Leone” UN Doc CRC/C/15/Add.116 para 70, January 28, 2000.

7.See Rena, Ravinder (2004) op.cit.,

8.See also “Committee on the Rights of the Child -Concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child: Sri Lanka” UN Doc CRC/C/15/Add.40 para 6.June 21, 1995.

9.The Preamble refers to African children’s unique .socio-economic, cultural, traditional and developmental circumstances, exacerbated by .natural disasters, armed conflicts, exploitation and hunger.

10.Andvig, J. Child Labour in Africa, Social Protection Unit Discussion Paper, Washington D.C.: World Bank, 2001.