Combating Money Laundering in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Comparative Study between Romania and the Republic of Moldova

Vîntu, Denis (2025): Combating Money Laundering in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Comparative Study between Romania and the Republic of Moldova.

Abstract

This paper examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in combating money laundering (AML), focusing on a comparative study between Romania and the Republic of Moldova. Romania demonstrates advanced AI integration within its financial institutions, employing machine learning and predictive analytics to enhance transaction monitoring, risk assessment, and regulatory compliance. In contrast, Moldova is in the early stages of adopting AI for AML, facing structural, technical, and regulatory challenges that limit the effectiveness of its anti-money laundering efforts. The study highlights how technological adoption, institutional capacity, and regulatory frameworks intersect to shape AML effectiveness. By analyzing similarities, differences, and lessons learned, the paper provides insights into how AI can strengthen financial integrity while addressing the evolving challenges of illicit financial flows in different national contexts.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Anti-Money Laundering, AML, Artificial Intelligence, AI, Financial Crime, Romania, Republic of Moldova, Regulatory Compliance, Transaction Monitoring, Risk Assessment
• Subjects: G - Financial Economics > G1 - General Financial Markets > G18 - Government Policy and Regulation; G - Financial Economics > G2 - Financial Institutions and Services > G21 - Banks ; Depository Institutions ; Micro Finance Institutions ; Mortgages; K - Law and Economics > K2 - Regulation and Business Law > K22 - Business and Securities Law; O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights > O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes

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