Salario Mínimo y Tiempo de Cuidado de los Hijos en EEUU, 2019-2023

Guillen Sanchez, Jorge (2026): Salario Mínimo y Tiempo de Cuidado de los Hijos en EEUU, 2019-2023.

Abstract

La literatura económica reciente sugiere que los incrementos en el salario mínimo pueden dar lugar a que los padres dediquen más tiempo al cuidado de los hijos al aliviar las restricciones financieras, como el efecto renta. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de la evidencia de investigaciones pasadas no analiza las disrupciones de la pandemia de COVID-19. Esta investigación examina el impacto de los aumentos del salario mínimo a nivel estatal en el tiempo de cuidado infantil de los padres en los Estados Unidos durante el periodo mencionado de 2019 a 2023. Mediante el uso de microdatos de la American Time Use Survey (ATUS), analizamos una muestra de 4.043 padres en edad laboral y encontramos que, a diferencia de los hallazgos del periodo 2003-2019, no existe un efecto estadísticamente significativo en el tiempo de cuidado infantil en las especificaciones agregadas o de subgrupos, incluyendo madres, padres y padres con bajo nivel educativo, entre otros. Este resultado nulo diverge de la literatura anterior a 2019. Atribuimos esta falta de significatividad a las rigideces estructurales únicas del mercado laboral post-pandemia (2019-2023) y a la erosión de los salarios reales debido a la alta inflación, lo que probablemente neutralizó los incentivos de comportamiento típicamente asociados con los suelos salariales

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• English Title: Minimum Wage and Parental Childcare Time in the USA, 2019-2023.
• Language: Spanish
• Keywords: Salario Mínimo, Distribución del Tiempo, Cuidado de los Hijos, Mercado Laboral, ATUS (American Time Use Survey)
• Subjects: D - Microeconomics > D1 - Household Behavior and Family Economics; D - Microeconomics > D1 - Household Behavior and Family Economics > D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation

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