Ortigueira, Luis C. (2009): Communication and Debate in a Public Environment: An Analysis of Obama–McCain Presidential Debates.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_21790.pdf Download (275kB) | Preview |
Abstract
This paper focuses on political communication as information source in decision making. The biggest exponent of information can be found in presidential debates in which strategies for future governmental decision are located. Models of communication and debate in a public environment are presented, focusing on the types of communication associated with criticism and countercriticism manifested in political debates and public management. The paper proposes: (i) a normative model showing how communication can be conducted, including a criticism development process and alternative strategies; (ii) a model of organizational excellence and rational criticism in public management; and (iii) an analysis of three Obama–McCain presidential debates. The causes of the economic crisis and solution strategies were found. This research provides value information for prospective in actual uncertain situations.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Communication and Debate in a Public Environment: An Analysis of Obama–McCain Presidential Debates |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | Communication; Debate; Criticism; Public Management; Obama; McCain; Presidential Debate; Economic Crisis |
Subjects: | H - Public Economics > H8 - Miscellaneous Issues F - International Economics > F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy H - Public Economics > H8 - Miscellaneous Issues > H83 - Public Administration ; Public Sector Accounting and Audits J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J1 - Demographic Economics > J18 - Public Policy |
Item ID: | 21790 |
Depositing User: | Luis C. Ortigueira |
Date Deposited: | 07 Apr 2010 05:16 |
Last Modified: | 28 Sep 2019 04:34 |
References: | Andrews, C.J. (2006) Rationality in policy decision making, in Handbook of public policy analysis. Frank Fischer, Gerald Miller, Mara S. Sidney (Ed.). CRC Press. 161-172. Baron, R.A. (1988) Negative effects of destructive criticism: Impact on conflict, self-efficacy, and task. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(2), 199–207. Baron, R.A. (1990) Countering the effects of destructive criticism: The relative efficacy of four interventions. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 75, Iss. 3, 235–246. Baxter, L.A. (1988) A dialectical perspective on communication strategies in relationship development. In S. W. Duck, D. F. Hay, S. E. Hobfoll, W. Ickes, & B. Montgomery (Eds.), Handbook of personal relationships. Chichester: Wiley, 257–273. Bueno, Gustavo (1992) ¿Qué es la ciencia?: la respuesta de la teoría del cierre categorial. Pentalfa Ediciones Callahan, K. (2006) Elements of effective governance: measurement, accountability and participation. CRC Press, 360 p. Centre D’Etude des Revenus et des Couts (C.E.R.C.) (1980) Productivité Globale et Comptes de Surplus, Documents du C.E.R.C. núms. 55/56, París. Cicerón, M.T. (1992) El orador. Traducción tovar & bujaldón. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas C.S.I.C. Cicerón, M.T. (1996) De oratore. Books I–II / Cicero, with an English translation by E.W. Sutton, completed, with an introduction by H. Rackham, 1st ed, 6th repr. rev. Cambridge (MA), London: Harvard University Press. Descartes, R. (1649) A discourse of a method for the well guiding of reason, and the discovery of truth in the sciences. Printed by Thomas Newcombe, London. Den Hartog & Verburg (1997) Charisma and rhetoric: Communicative techniques of international business leaders. Leadership Quarterly. Greenwich, Vol. 8, Iss. 4; pg. 355, 37 pgs Donmoyer, R. (1993) Art criticism as a guide to student evaluation. Theory into Practice, 32(4), 252–59. Dovel, J.P. (2007) Public management as ethics, in The Oxford handbook of public management. Ewan Ferlie, Laurence E. Lynn Jr., Laurence E. Lynn, Christopher Pollitt (Ed.). Oxford University Press, 156-181. Easton, G. & Araujo, L. (1997) Management research and literary criticism. British Journal of Management, 8, 99–106. Elster, J. (1989) Social norms and economic theory. The Journal of Economic Perspectives (1986-1998). Nashville. Vol. 3, Iss. 4; p. 99 Elster, J. (1998) Emotions and economic theory. Journal of Economic Literature. Nashville. Vol. 36, Iss. 1; p. 47 Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. (1969) The repertoire of nonverbal behavior: Categories, origins, usage and coding. Semiotica, 1, 49-98. Etkin, J. (1993) La doble moral de las organizaciones. Madrid, Spain: McGraw-Hill. Ferejohn J. (2002) Symposium on explanations and social ontology1: rational choice theory and social explanation. Economics and Philosophy. Cambridge: Vol. 18, Iss. 2; p. 211. Festinger, L. (1962) A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Fischer, F., Forester J. (1993) The Argumentative turn in policy analysis and planning. Duke University Press, 327p. Fischer, F (2006) Deliberative policy analysis as practical reason: integrating empirical and normative arguments, in Handbook of public policy analysis. Frank Fischer, Gerald Miller, Mara S. Sidney (Ed.), CRC Press, 223-236. Frederickson, H.G. (1990) Public Administration and Social Equity. Public Administration Review. Vol 50 Nº 2 pp.228-237. Frederickson, H.G., Ghere R.K. (2005) Ethics in public management. M. E. Sharpe, Inc. New York. Fromm, E. (1947) Ética y psicoanálisis. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica. Gallo C. (2008) How to Inspire People Like Obama Does. BusinessWeek, March 3 Gordon, A. & Miller, J.L. (2004) Values and persuasion during the first Bush–Gore presidential debate. Political Communication, 21(1), 71-92. González, J.F. (1998) El Lenguaje Corporal: claves de la comunicación no verbal. Madrid, Spain: Edimat Libros S.A. Gottweis, H. (2006) Rhetoric in policy making: between logos, ethos, and phatos, in Handbook of public policy analysis. Frank Fischer, Gerald Miller, Mara S. Sidney (Ed.), CRC Press, 223-236. Greenberg, J. (1987) Reactions to procedural injustice in payment distributions: Do the means justify the ends? Journal of Applied Psychology, 72, 55–61. Griggs, S. (2006) Rational choice in public policy, in Handbook of public policy analysis. Frank Fischer, Gerald Miller, Mara S. Sidney (Ed.), CRC Press, 173-186. Gronbeck, B.E. (2004) Rhetoric and politics, in Handbook of political communication research. Lynda Lee Kaid (Ed.), Routledge. 135-154. Guerrero, F.M. y Ramírez, J.M. (2002): “El análisis de escalamiento multidimensional. Una alternativa y complemento a otras técnicas multivariantes” (The analysis of multidimensional scaling. An alternative and complement to other multivariate techniques), X Jornadas de Asepuma. Madrid. Habermas, J. (1984) The theory of communication action: Reason and rationalization of society (1). Boston: Beacon Press. Habermas, J. (1998) On the pragmatics of communication. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Hajer, M.A. (2003) Deliberative policy analysis: understanding governance in the network society. Cambridge University Press, 307p. Hatry, H.P. (2007) Performance Measurement: Getting Results. Urban Institute Press, 326 p. Heider, F. (1946) Attitudes and cognitive organization. Journal of Psychology, 21, 107–12. Heider, F. (1958) The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley. Herzberg, F. (1966) Work and nature of man. Cleveland, OH: The World Publishing Co. Hill, C.J. & Lynn L.E. (2003): Producing Human Services: Why do Agencies Collaborate?. Public Management Review. Vol 5, Issue 1, pp. 63-81. Hodge, B.J., Anthony, W.P. & Gales, L.M. (2003): Teoría de la Organización. Un enfoque estratégico, Prentice Hall, Madrid. Holzer, M., Yi, S., Lee, S. (2004) Public productivity handbook. CRC Press, 715 p. Hovland, C.I., Janis, I.L. & Kelley, H.H. (1953) Communication and persuasion. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Hovland, C.I. Janis, I.L. & Kelley, H.H. (1967) Reinforcement theory. R.M. Elliot, G. Lindzey & K. MacCorquodale (Eds), Theories of attitude change. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, pp. 12–63. Jorgensen, C. Kock, C. Rorbech L. (1998) Rhetoric that shifts votes: an exploratory study of persuasion in issue-oriented public debates, Political Communication, 15, 3(1), 283-299. Kant, I. (2005) Critica de la razón pura, traducción Pedro Rivas. Madrid, Spain: Taurus Ediciones, S.A. Grupo Santillana. Kant, I. (2005) Metafísica de las costumbres, traducción Adela Cortina Orts. Madrid, Spain: Tecnos. Kwok, L., Su, S. & Morris, M.W. (2001) When is criticism not constructive? The roles of fairness perceptions and dispositional attributions in employee acceptance of critical supervisory feedback. Human Relations, 54(9), 1155–87. Lassus, R. (1992) La communication efficace par la PNL (The effective communication for NLP). Alleur, Belgium: Marabout. Lakatos, I. & Musgrave, A. (1970) Criticism and the growth of knowledge. Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, Volume 4. London: Cambridge University Press. Leong, E., Ewing, M. & Pitt, L. (2004) Analysing competitors´ online persuasive themes with text mining. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, Vol. 22 Nº 2 pp.187-200. Likert, R. (1961) New patterns of management. New York: McGraw-Hill. March, J. G. & Simon, H. A. (1958). Organizations, Nueva York: John Wiley and Sons. Maslow, A.H. (1954) Motivation and personality. New York: Harper & Row. Marx, K. (1992) El capital: crítica de la economía política. Fondo de cultura económica. México. McDavid, J.C., Hawthorn L.R.L. (2005) Program evaluation & performance measurement: an introduction to practice. SAGE, 477 p. McGregor, D. (1994) El lado humano de las organizaciones. Santafé de Bogotá, Columbia: McGraw-Hill. McCloskey, D.N. (1985) The rhetoric of economics. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Press. McGee, B.R. (2001) Assessing argumentation in the 2000 political campaigns. Contemporary Argumentation & Debate, 22, 41–42. McGuire, W. (1961) Resistance to persuasion conferred by active and passive prior refutation of the same and alternative counterarguments. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, September, 63 (2), 326-332. Mehrabian, A. (1971) Silent messages. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Mey, J.L. (1993) Pragmatics. Oxford: Blackwell. Miller, J.L. & McKerrow, R.E. (2001) Political argument and emotion: An analysis of 2000 presidential campaign discourse. Contemporary Argumentation & Debate, 22, 43–58. Moulin, B., Irandoust, H., Bélanger, M. & Desbordes, G. (2002) Explanation and argumentation capabilities: Towards the creation of more persuasive agents, Artificial Intelligence Review, 17, 169–222. Ocampo, J.A., (2002): Retomar la Agenda del Desarrollo. Reforma y Democracia (CLAD), Nº 22, Caracas. Ortigueira Bouzada, M. & Ortigueira Sánchez, M. (2001) Liderazgo organizacional: instrumentos para dominar y controlar situaciones y problemas difíciles (Organizational leadership: Instruments to dominate and control situations and difficult problems). Seville: Editorial @ 3D. Ortigueira Luis C. (2007) A Systems Approach to Public Policies. Research Papers in Economics. Pablo de Olavide University, Department of Business Administration, Working Papers 07.01. Ortigueira, Luis C. (2008) Criticism and Counter-Criticism of Public Management: Strategy Models. Business Research Yearbook, Global Business Perspectives. Rodney A. Oglesby & Marjorie G. Adams Editors. Publication of the International Academy of Business Disciplines. Volume XV, Number 2, Chapter 24, 742. Osgood, C. & Tannenbaum, P. (1955) The principle of congruity in the prediction of attitude change. Psychology Review, 62, 42–55. Pease, A. (1994) El lenguaje del cuerpo. Barcelona, Spain: Ediciones Altaya S.A. Pfeffer, Jeffrey. (1981) Power in organizations Marshfield, Mass.: Pitman Pub. Poister, T.H. (2003) Measuring performance in public and nonprofit organizations. John Wiley and Sons, 289p. Price, V. Capella J.N. & Nir L. (2002) Does disagreement contribute to more deliberative opinion? Political Communication, 19(1), 95-112. Rank, H. (1976) Teaching about public persuasion. In D. Dietrich (Ed.), Teaching and Doublespeak. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English. Real, J.E. (2001) Escalamiento Multidimensional (Multi-dimensional Scaling). Edit. La Muralla, Edit. Hespérides. Madrid. Rein, M. & Schön, D. (1996). “Frame Critical Policy Analysis and Frame Reflective Policy Practice.” In Knowledge and Policy, Volume 9, Number 1. Robbins, A. (1987) Poder sin límites. Barcelona, Spain: Ediciones Grijalbo, S.A. Robbins, S. & Coulter, M. (2000) Sexta edición: Administración. Hispanoamericana, México: Prentice Hall. Rodríguez, J. L. (2002) Intervención en el Seminario de Alto Nivel: “América Latina y el Caribe frente a la Globalización”. XXIX Período de Sesiones de la CEPAL (Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe). Mayo 6 al 10. Brasilia, Brasil. P. 1. Rokeach, M. & Rothman G. (1965) The principle of belief congruence and the congruity principle as models of cognitive interaction. Psychological Review, 72, 128–142. Salanti, A. (1989) Distinguishing ‘Internal’ from ‘external’ criticism in economic methodology, History of Political Economy, 21(4), 635–639. Sheppard, I, (1986) Silent signals, Supervisory Management, Vol. 31. Iss. 3, 31-33. Shapiro, I. (1992) Political criticism. Berkeley: University of California Press. Sherif, M. & Hovland, C.I. (1961) Social judgment. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Silverman, B. (1992) Survey of expert critiquing systems: Practical and theoretical frontiers. Communications of the ACM, 35(4), 106–127. Simon, Herbert (1989) Naturaleza y límites de la Razón Humana, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica. Studer, J. (1999) Guía práctica de oratoria. Madrid, Spain: Editorial El Drac, S.L. Vahidov, R. & Elrod, R. (1999) Incorporating critique and argumentation in DSS. Decision Support Systems, 26, 249-258. Vahidov, R. & Fazlollahi, B. (2004) Pluralistic multi-agent decision support system: A framework and an empirical test. Information & Management, 41(7), 883–98. Van Bruggen, J.M., Kirschner, P.A. & Jochems, W. (2002) External representation of argumentation in CSCL and the management of cognitive load. Learning and Instruction, 12, 121–38. Vincent, A.L. (1968) La mesure de la productivité, Dunod, Paris. Von Wartburg, W.P. (1998) Dealing with public criticism—The lessons of experience. Strategic Communication Management, Vol. 2, Iss. 4, 38-41. Wagensberg, J. (1985) Ideas sobre la complejidad del mundo. Barcelona, Spain: Editorial Tusquet. Walliser B. (1977) Systèmes et modèles. Introduction critique à l’analyse de systèmes, aux Éditions du Seuil, Paris, 220-222. Wholey, J.S., Hatry, H.P., Newcomer K.E. (2004) Handbook of practical program evaluation. John Wiley and Sons, 720 p. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/21790 |
Available Versions of this Item
-
Criticism, Communication and Debate in Public Environment. (deposited 29 Mar 2010 06:35)
- Communication and Debate in a Public Environment: An Analysis of Obama–McCain Presidential Debates. (deposited 07 Apr 2010 05:16) [Currently Displayed]