Factors influencing intention to create new venture among young graduates

Hunjra, Ahmed Imran and Ahmad, H. Mushtaq and Rehman, Kashif-Ur- and Safwan, Nadeem (2011): Factors influencing intention to create new venture among young graduates. Published in: Africa Journal of Business Management , Vol. 5, No. 1 (4 January 2011): pp. 121-127.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that are influencing the young graduates for intention to create new venture. The study further highlights how the attraction, networking support, entrepreneurial capabilities, self-independence and self-reliance influence the young students to initiate their new businesses. The sample size of this study was 255 final semester students of various disciplines in different universities from Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The survey based questionnaire was used for data collection. Based on findings this study concludes that all variables, included in the study, play a vital role in new venture creation. Therefore, on the basis of findings this study concludes that young students are more motivated towards new venture creation and start their own businesses.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Influencing factors, new venture creation, different disciplines, young graduates, motivation
• Subjects: A - General Economics and Teaching > A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics > A20 - General; A - General Economics and Teaching > A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics > A23 - Graduate

References

Acho-Chi C (1998). Sustainable self-development efforts in Cameroon grass fields, Dev. in Practice. 8(3): 366 - 371.

Ajzen I (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior, Org. Behv. Hum. Dec. Proc. 50(2): 179 - 211.

Amit R, Schoemaker PJH (1993). Strategic assets and organizational rent, Str. Manage. J, 14(1): 33 - 46.

Anyanwu C (1992). Community development. The Nigerian perspective. Gabesther Educational Publishers, Ibadan, 15-17.

Audretsch D, Thurik A (2001). Linking Entrepreneurship to Growth. OECD Science, Technology and Industry OECD Publishing. (Working Papers 2001/2).

Baron RA (2004). The cognitive perspective: A valuable tool for answering entrepreneurship's basic ``why'' questions, J. Bus. Vent, 19: 221 - 239.

Bird B (1988). Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: The case for intention, Acad. Manage. Rev, 13(3): 442 - 453.

Blanchflower DG (2000). Self-employment in OECD countries, Lab. Eco, 7: 471 – 505.

Blau D (1987). A time-series analysis of self-employment in the United States, J. Pol. Eco, 95: 445 – 467.

Burt RS (1992). Structural Holes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Crant JM (1996). The proactive personality scale as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions. J. Small Bus. Manage, 34(3): 42 - 49.

Day GS (1994). The capabilities of market-driven organizations. J. Mark, 58 (4): 37 - 52.

Dierckx I, Cool K (1987). Asset stock accumulation and sustainability of competitive advantage. Manage Science, 35(12): 1504 - 1511.

Fonchingong CC, Fonjong LN, (2002). The concept of self-reliance in community development initiatives in the Cameroon Grass-fields. Geol. J, 57: 83 - 94.

Galtung, J. , Brien, P.O. and Preiswerk , R. (1980). Self–reliance: A strategy for development. L’ouverture publications, London.

Gartner WB, Shaver KG, Gatewood EJ, Katz J (1994). Finding the entrepreneur in entrepreneurship. Entre. Theory & Practice, 18(3): 5 - 10.

Gatewood EJ, Shaver KG, Powers JB, Gartner WB, (2004). Entrepreneurial expectancy, task effort and performance, J. Bus. Vent, 19: 187 - 206.

Golden W, Powell P, (2000). Towards a definition of flexibility: in search of the Holy Grail. Omega, Inter. J. Manage. Science, 28(4): 373 – 384.

Grabowski LS, Kathleen TC, Jeylan TM (2001). Global and Economic Self-Efficacy in the Educational Attainment Process, Social Psych. Quart, 64: 164 - 179.

Grootaert C, van Bastelaer T (2001). Understanding and measuring social capital: A synthesis of findings and recommendations from the social capital initiative. The World Bank, Social Capital Initiative, Working paper no. 24.

Hair JF, Anderson RE, Tatham RL & Black WC (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, Fifth edition, Prentice-Hall International, Inc.

Harreld JB, O’Reilly CA, Tushman ML (2007). Dynamic capabilities at IBM: driving strategy into action, California Manage Rev, 49(4): 21 – 43.

Hellmann T, Puri M (2002). Venture Capital and the Professionalization of Start-Up Firms, J. Fin, 57: 169 - 197.

Hoenig TM (2005). Entrepreneurship and Growth: Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Intentions, J. Bus. Vent, 15(5-6): 411 - 432. Janssens W, Wijnen K, Pelsmacker PD & Kenhove PV (2008), Marketing Research with SPSS, Prentice Hall

Johannisson B (2000). Networking and entrepreneurial growth. In The blackwell handbook of entreprenurship, D. Sexton, and H. Landstrom. Oxford: Blackwell.

Katz J, Gartner WB, (1988). Properties of emerging organizations, Acad. Manage. Rev, 13(3): 429 - 441.

Kolvereid L (1996). Organisational employment versus self-employment: reasons for career choice intentions, Entre. Theory & Prac, 20(3); 23 – 31.

Korunka C, Frank H, Lueger M, Mugler J (2003). The entrepreneurial personality in the context of resources, environment, and the startup process. A configurational approach, Entre. Theory & Pract, 28(1): 23-42.

Krueger NF (2007). What lies beneath? The experiential essence of entrepreneurial thinking, Entre. Theory & Prac, 31(3): 123 - 138.

Krueger NF, Carsrud AL (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: applying the theory of planned behaviour. Entre. & Reg. Dev, 5: 315 – 330.

Krueger NF, Reilly MD, Carsrud AL (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions, J. Bus. Vent, 15; 411 - 432.

Kyro P, Carrier C (2005). Entrepreneurial learning in universities: bridges across borders. In P. Kyro & C. Carrier (Eds), The dynamics of learning entrepreneurship in a cross-cultural university context. Hammeenlinna: University of Tampere.

Lechner C, Dowling M, Welpe I (2006). Firm networks: External relationships as sources for the growth and competitiveness of entrepreneurial firms, Entre & Reg. Dev, 1: 1 - 16.

Lee C, Lee K, Pennings JM (2001). Internal capabilities, external networks and performance: A study of technology-based ventures. Str. Manage. J, 22: 615 - 640.

Lee SH, Wong PK (2004). An exploratory study of technopreneurial intentions: A career anchor perspective, J. Bus. Vent, 19(1); 7 - 28.

Linan F, Cohard JCR, Guzmán J (2008). Temporal Stability of Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Longitudinal Study, 4th European Summer University Conference on Entrepreneurship Bodø Graduate School of Business and Nordland Research Institute 22nd to 26th August 2008, Bodø, Norway.

McGrath R, MacMillan I (2000). The entrepreneurial mindset. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Moreland N (2006). Entrepreneurship & Higher Education: An Employability Perspective, Learning & employability Series, ESECT, York.

Nunnally JC (1978). Psychometric Theory. 2nd ed., New York: McGraw-Hill.

Ravichandran T, Lertwongsatien C (2005). Effect of information system resources and capabilities on firm performance: A resource-based perspective, J. Manage. Info. Sys, 21(4): 237 – 276.

Reed R De Fillippi R (1990). Causal ambiguity, barriers to imitation, and sustainable competitive advantage. Acad. Manage. Rev, 15 (1): 88 - 102.

Schmitt-Rodermund E, Vondracek FW (2002). Occupational dreams, choices and aspirations: Adolescents' entrepreneurial prospects and orientations. J. Adolescence, 25(1): 65 - 78.

Shane S, Venkataraman S (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Acad. Manage. Rev, 25(1): 217 - 226.

Shook CL, Priem RL, McGee JE (2003). Venture creation and the enterprising individual: A review and synthesis, J. Manage, 29(3): 379 - 399.

Singh G, DeNoble A (2003). Views on self-employment and personality: An exploratory study, J. Dev. Entre, 8(3): 265 - 281.

Stam E, Audretsch D, Meijaard J (2008). Renascent entrepreneurship. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, forthcoming 2008.

Tian J, Wang K, Chen Y, Johansson B (2009). From IT deployment capabilities to competitive advantage: An exploratory study in China.

Triandis K, Leung M, Villareal F, and Clack (1985). Allocentric versus Idiocentric Tendencies: Convergent and Discriminant Validation, J. Res. Personality, 19: 395-415.

Webster FA (1977). Entrepreneurs and ventures: An attempt at classification and clarification. Acad. Manage. Rev, 2(1): 54 - 61.

Yorke M (2004). Encouraging the Development of Employability, ESECT, York, 3-16.

Zhao L, Aram (1995). Networking and growht of young technology-intensive ventures in China, J. Bus. Vent, 10(5): 349 - 370.