Ghafele, Roya (2010): Of war and peace: analyzing the policy discourse on intellectual property. Published in: Intellectual Property Quarterly No. 3 (2010): pp. 237-255.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_38091.pdf Download (386kB) | Preview |
Abstract
This study analyzes underlying themes of the international policy discourse on Intellectual Property (IP) and in this sense raises awareness on common pitfalls currently associated with international policy making in the area of innovation. Methodologically it is situated within the domain of discourse analysis, which considers policy making as strongly embedded by a specific representative order that paves the way for framing policies in one specific way, while systematically silencing alternative positions. The baseline of the analysis forms a literature review of approximately five hundred texts that were identified through random key word search, including academic journal articles, newspaper articles, statements from international organizations and national administrations as well as statements on ‘you tube’. We found that the current policy discourse on IP is driven by two different camps. On one side are those who associate IP with the negative side effects of Globalization and see in IP a mechanism to erode important social and cultural values. On the other side, those wanting to advance the IP agenda hardly address how IP may promote equitable innovation, but instead repeatedly refer to counterfeiting and piracy as a major threat to industry. Overall the discourse derives much vocabulary from the domain of war, fights and battlefields. We did not find any solution driven approaches seeking to explore how IP may be used as a means to advance the knowledge economy worldwide or bridge current divides prevailing in international systems of innovation.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Of war and peace: analyzing the policy discourse on intellectual property |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | Globalization, intellectual property, discourse analysis, TRIPS Agreement, developing countries |
Subjects: | F - International Economics > F5 - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy > F59 - Other |
Item ID: | 38091 |
Depositing User: | Roya Ghafele |
Date Deposited: | 13 Apr 2012 23:04 |
Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2019 16:55 |
References: | Badawi, A. A. 2004. The Social Dimension of Globalization and Health. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 3: 38-45. Bakshar, R. 1986. Scientific Realism and Human Emancipation. London: Verso Barthes, R. 1953. Le Dégré Zéro de l‘ Ecriture. Paris: du Seuil Boateng, O. 2001. The profits that kill. New African 4: 22-27 Bourdieu, P. 1982. Ce que parler veut dire, l’économie des échanges linguistiques. Paris: Fayard Business Software Alliance. The Economic Benefits of Lowering PC Software Piracy. http://www.bsa.org/sitecore/shell/Controls/Rich%20Text%20Editor/~/media/Files/idc_studies/bsa_idc_australia_final%20pdf.ashx. Capitol Hill Hearing Testimony. March 23 2004. Federal Document Clearing House Congressional Testimony. Chalker, L. 2007. Declaring War on Counterfeiters and Pirates. African Business 355: 46-48. Chiapello, E. and Fairclough, N. L. 2002. Understanding the new management ideology: A transdisciplinary contribution from critical discourse analysis and new sociology of capitalism. Discourse & Society. 13: 185-208 Choate, P. 2005. Hot Property. The Stealing of Ideas in An Age of Globalization. New York: Random House CISCO White Paper. 2007. Intellectual Property and Beyond: Why Protecting it is Everyone’s Business. San Jose: Cisco 11-418387-00 7/07 Clausewitz von, C. 1812 (new ed. 1997). On War. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth 1997 Conner, K.R. and Rummelt, R.P. 1991. Software Piracy: An Analysis of Protection Strategies. Management Science 37: 125-138 Correa, C. Integrating Public Health Concerns into Patent Legislation in developing countries. http://www.southcentre.org/publications/publichealth/toc.htm Costello, D. May 22 2007. Getting patents in other nations and doing your homework can help. Los Angeles Times Coulter, K. July 31 1999. Earth First! Globalization: Corporations devour Biodiversity. Tucson Daily Planet Publishing. De Castro, J., Balkin, D.B and Stepherd, D.A. 2008.Can entrepreneurial firms benefit from product piracy? Journal of Business Venturing 23: 75-90 Dryden, J. January 31 2007. Counting the Cost: The Economic Impacts of Counterfeiting and Piracy. Presentation given at the Third Global Congress on Combating Counterfeiting and Piracy. http://www.ccapcongress.net/archives/Geneva/Files/Dryden.pdf. Engelberg, A.B. 21 November 2005. Property rights and danger of a new form of colonialism. Asia edition of the Financial Times EPO: TRIPs: A Blessing or Curse for Developing Countries? Discussions at the European Patent Forum. http://www.epo.org/topics/patent-system/scenarios-for-the-future/forum.html. EPO: Scenarios for the Future. How Might the IP regimes evolve by 2025? What global legitimacy might such regimes have? EPO: Munich 2007 Fairclough, N. 2005. Peripheral Vision: Discourse Analysis in Organization Studies: The Case for Critical Realism. Organization Studies 26: 915-939 Foucault, M. 1971. L’Ordre du Discours. Paris: Gallimard Foucault, M. 1969 (new ed. 1993). The Archeology of Knowledge and Discourse on Language. Barnes/Noble Books: London/New York Foucault, M. 1966. Les Mots et Les Choses, Une Archéologie des Sciences Humaines. Paris: Gallimard Friedman, T. 1999. The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization. New York: Farrar/Straus/Giroux Gallup Organization. January 31 2007. Global Consumer Awareness, Attitudes, and Opinions on Counterfeiting and Piracy, Third Global Congress Combating Counterfeiting and Piracy. WIPO: Geneva Ghafele, R. 2009. Creating the missing link: applying collective marks to create clusters. Oxford Journal on Intellectual Property Law and Practice. 1: 1-10 Givon, M., Mahajan, V. and Muller, E. 1995. Software piracy: Estimation of lost sales and the impact on software diffusion. Journal of Marketing 59: 29-37 Goozner, M. 2002. Medicine as luxury: The West Treats vital pharmaceuticals as just another commodity. If poor countries can’t afford filet, why should they get cheap drugs? The American Prospect 3: 7-10 Halliday, M. 1994. So you say pass… thank you three muchly: How conversation means - contexts and functions. In: What’s going on here? Contemporary studies of professional talk. A. Grimshaw, A. (ed.), 175- 229. Norwood: NJ Ablex Hanl, P. 2006. Intellectual Property Rights Business Management Practices: A survey of the Literature. Technovation 26: 895- 931 Hellstrom, T. 2004. Innovation as Social Action. Organization 11: 631- 649 Hirst, P., Thompson, G. 1996. Globalization in Question. Oxford/Cambridge: Polity Press Hogge, B. 2007. Playing Catch Up. Arts and Culture. New Statesman, 11: 24-42 Holder, E. H. 1998. Speech by Deputy Attorney General at the High Tech Crime Summit: The Business Software Alliance estimates that software piracy cost their industry more than $11 billion in lost revenue in 1998. http://www.US$oj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/dag0112.htm. International Herald Tribune. April 12 2005. To IBM sharing looks better than hoarding; releasing patents is seen as profitable. IPR Capitol Hill hearing testimony. CQ Congressional testimony. November 7 2007. Counterfeiting and Theft of Tangible IP IPS (Latin America). March 2007. Novartis in New campaign against Cheap Medicines. Javorcik, B.S. 2004. The Composition of Foreign Direct Investment and Protection of Intellectual Property Rights: Evidence from Transition Economies. European Economic Journal 48: 39-62 Katz M.L. and Saphiro C. 2001. Network externalities, competition, and compatibility. American Economic Review 91: 424-440 Lafont, R. 1992. Sprache als Arbeit, Wien: Braumüller Lee, J.Y. and Mansfield, E. 1996. Intellectual Property and US Foreign Direct Investment. Review of Economics and Statistics 78: 181-186 Lu, X. 2001.Ethical Issues in the Globalization of the Knowledge Economy. Business Ethics, A European review. 10: 113-119 Marshall, P. 1997. Guarding the Wealth of Nations. Intellectual property, copyright, and international trade. Wilson Quarterly 23: 23-59 Maskus, K.E. 1998. The Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Encouraging Foreign Direct Investment and Technology Transfer. Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law 9: 109-161. Maskus, K.E. and Penubarti, M. 1995. How Trade-Related Are Intellectual Property Rights? The World Economy 39: 227-248 McFarland, A.S. 2004. Neopluralism: The Evolution of Political Process Theory. University Press of Kansas: Kansas Marlin-Bennett, R. 1995. International Intellectual Property Rights in a Web of Social Relations. Science Communication 17: 118-136 Matthews, D. 2006. NGOs, Intellectual Property Rights and Multilateral Institutions. Report of the IP-NGOs research project. London: Queen Mary Intellectual Property Research Institute. May, C. 2004. Capacity Building and the (Re) production of Intellectual Property Rights. Third World Quarterly 25: 821-837. McMahon, M. 2002. Resisting globalization. Women Organic Farmers and local Food Systems. Canadian Woman Studies 6: 203-230 Mouritsen, J. and Thrane, S. 2006. Accounting, network complementarities and the development of inter-organizational relations. Accounting, Organizations and Society 31: 241 – 275 MORI Social Research Institute: IP Public Attitudes, http://www.ipsos-mori.com/understandingsociety/pdf/srinewsletter1.pdf http://www.programs.ssrc.org/ccit/publications/kretschmer-piracyagenda.rtf. Mueller, M. 2006. Discourses of Postmodern Epistemology: Radical Impetus Lost? Progress in Development Studies 6:306-320 Olswang Group: IPR Consumer Survey. http://www.olswangnews.com Ostergard, R. L., Tubin, M. and Altman, 2001 J. Stealing from the Past: Globalization, strategic formation and the use of indigenous IP in the biotech industry. Third World Quarterly 22: 643-660. Perlman, M. 2003. IPR and the Commodity Form: New Dimensions in the Legislated Transfer of Surplus Value. Review of Radical Political Economics 35: 304-320 Picciotto, R. June 30 2003. Protests by development activists against injustice of the trading system are fully justified. Letter to the editor. Financial Times. PriceWaterhouseCoopers. 2007. Managing the Risks of Counterfeit Products: The Effects of Celebrity Culture on the Luxury Goods Industry. London: PWC Primo Braga, C.A. and Fink, C. 1998. The Relationship between Intellectual Property Rights and Foreign Direct Investment. Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law 9: 163-188 PR Newswire US. March 9 2006. Microsoft announces new initiative to combat counterfeit software and piracy. Rikowski, R. 2003. Tripping over Trips: An Assessment of the WTO’s Agreement on TRIPs, Focusing on Trade, Moral and Information Issues. Business Information Review 20: 149-165 Rivette, K. G. and Kline, D. 2000. Rembrandts in the Attic. Unlocking the Hidden Value of Patents. Cambridge MA: Harvard Business School Press Ryan, M. P. 1998. Knowledge Diplomacy: Global Competition and the Politics of Intellectual Property. New York: Brookings Institution Press. Shulman, S. In Africa, Patents Kill. In AIDS-stricken Africa, the enforcement of Western drug patents is a needless death sentence for millions. http://www.technologyreview.com/Biotech/12348/ South China Morning Post. March 22 2005. Patents a deadly weapon in export war: Mainland companies must build IP to guard against lawsuits States News Service. January 5 2006. US names IP enforcement chief in Asia. Stewart, C. October 17 2005. GALLUP Presentation given at the WIPO/OECD Expert Meeting on Measurement and Statistical Issues related to Counterfeiting and Piracy. Geneva Stiglitz, J. October 28 2004. How to fix the IP imbalance: Too much IP Protection is Bad for the Economy. Managing Intellectual Property 10: 35-39 Stimson, D.C. Counterfeiting in Cyberspace. http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=HSvW60qLGtnbhjmfcD7WTFx5DwK0fk87y8pH5THGyJJ2ctg0pBZ5!-264188374?docId=5001330306 Su, E. 2000. The Winners and Losers: The Agreement on TRIPs and its effects on developing countries. Houston Journal of International Law 169: 195-210 Teece, D.J. 1987. Profiting from Technological Innovation: Implications for Integration, Collaboration, Licensing, and Public Policy. Research Policy 15:285-305. The Economist. June 23 2001. The Right to Good Ideas. Patents and the Poor. The Toronto Star. January 17 2005. Fairness calls for fairer rules. IP represents significant barriers to development. The World Industry Overview. Counterfeit Goods Pose Real Threat; Counterfeit goods result in loss of jobs as well as revenue. But of even greater concern is the way this global black market is funding terrorist and criminal organizations. http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-3283954/Counterfeit-Goods-Pose-Real-Threat.html; Turner, N. 2001. The pharmaceutical industry has been a powerless spectator to the carnage of HIV/AIDS in Africa. Pharma needs to keep a cool head in the face of global criticism. Pharmaceutical Executive 20: 44-60 U.K. Intellectual Property Office: UK Intellectual Property Awareness Survey 2006. prepared by R. Pitkethly. Said School of Business. Oxford: Oxford University 2006 US Fed News. June 23 2006. CBP Supports EU-US action strategy for enforcement of IP. Vandana, S. 2002. Violence of Globalization. Canadian Woman Studies 6: 180-200 World Health Organization. 2006. Public Health, Innovation and intellectual property rights. Report of the Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health. World Health Organization: Geneva Yeates, N. 2002. Globalization and Social Policy: From Global Neoliberal Hegemony to Global Political Pluralism. Global Social Policy Bulletin 2: 69-91 YouGov. December 21 2006. Microsoft Counterfeit Software Survey. http://www.itnews.com.au/News/52929,dvds-most-popular-pirated-goods.aspx; http://forums.lugradio.org/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=397 |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/38091 |