Lam, Kin and Lean, Hooi Hooi and Wong, Wing-Keung (2016): Stochastic Dominance and Investors’ Behavior towards Risk: The Hong Kong Stocks and Futures Markets. Forthcoming in: International Journal of Finance
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_74386.pdf Download (693kB) | Preview |
Abstract
This paper applies stochastic dominance (SD) tests to examine the dominance relationships between the futures and spot markets in Hong Kong. We also analyze the preferences for the risk averters, risk seekers, prospect investors, and Markowitz investors with further in dept of their positive and negative domains in these markets. We find that for the risk averters, spot dominates futures while for the risk seekers, futures dominate spot. This implies that the risk averters prefer to buy indexed stocks, while risk seekers are attracted to long index futures to maximize their expected utilities, but not necessary their wealth. We also conclude that in general, the prospect investors prefer spot in the positive domain and prefer futures in the negative domain while the Markowitz investors prefer spot in the negative domain and prefer futures in the positive domain.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Stochastic Dominance and Investors’ Behavior towards Risk: The Hong Kong Stocks and Futures Markets |
English Title: | Stochastic Dominance and Investors’ Behavior towards Risk: The Hong Kong Stocks and Futures Markets |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | stochastic dominance; stock index futures; risk preference; S-shape utility functions. |
Subjects: | C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods > C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General > C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods > C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General > C15 - Statistical Simulation Methods: General G - Financial Economics > G1 - General Financial Markets > G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading Volume ; Bond Interest Rates |
Item ID: | 74386 |
Depositing User: | Wing-Keung Wong |
Date Deposited: | 11 Oct 2016 11:45 |
Last Modified: | 27 Sep 2019 21:11 |
References: | Anderson, G. (2004). Toward an empirical analysis of polarization. Journal of Econometrics, 122, 1-26. Bai, Z.D., Liu, H.X., & Wong, W.K.(2009a). On the Markowitz mean-variance analysis of self-financing portfolios. Risk and Decision Analysis 1(1), 35-42. Bai, Z.D., Liu, H.X., & Wong, W.K. (2009b). Enhancement of the applicability of Markowitz's portfolio optimization by utilizing random matrix theory. Mathematical Finance 19(4), 639-667. Bai, Z.D., Li, H., Liu, H.X., & Wong, W.K., (2011). Test statistics for prospect and Markowitz stochastic dominances with applications. Econometrics Journal, 122, 1-26. Bai, Z.D., Li, H., McAleer, M., & Wong, W.K., (2015). Stochastic dominance statistics for risk averters and risk seekers: An analysis of stock preferences for USA and China. Quantitative Finance, 15(5), 889-900. Bae, S.C., Kwon, T.H., & Park, J.W. (2004). Futures trading, spot market volatility, and market efficiency: The case of the Korean Index Futures Markets. Journal of Futures Markets, 24 (12), 1195–1228. Barberis, N., Huang, M., & Santos, T., (2001). Prospect theory and asset prices. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116, 1-54. Barrett, G.F., & Donald, S.G. (2003). Consistent tests for stochastic dominance. Econometrica, 71(1), 71-104. Bhargava, V., & Brooks, R. (2002). Exploration of the role of expectations in foreign exchange risk management. Journal of Multinational Finance Management, 12(2), 171-189. Bookstaber, R.M., & Clark, R. (1985). Problems in evaluating performance of portfolios with options. Financial Analysts Journal, 41, 48–62. Booth, J.R., Tehranian, H., & Trennepohl, G.H. (1985). Efficiency analysis and option portfolio selection. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 20 (4), 411–440. Brooks, R. (1989). Investment decision making with derivative securities. Financial Review, 24, 511–527. Brooks, R. (1991). Analyzing portfolios with derivative assets: a stochastic dominance approach using numerical integration. Journal of Futures Markets, 11, 411–440. Brooks, R., & Levy, H. (1993). Portfolio insurance: does it pay? Advances in Futures and Options Research, 6, 329–353. Brooks, R., Levy, H., & Yoder, J. (1987). Using stochastic dominance in evaluating the performance of portfolios with options. Financial Analysts Journal, 43, 79–82. Chan, C.-Y., de Peretti, C., Qiao, Z. & Wong, W.K., (2012). Empirical test of the efficiency of the UK covered warrants market: Stochastic dominance and likelihood ratio test approach, Journal of Empirical Finance, 19(1), 162-174. Cheng, L.T.W., Fung, J.K.W., & Chan, K.C. (2000). Pricing dynamics of index options and index futures in Hong Kong before and during the Asian financial crisis. Journal of Futures Markets, 20, 145–166. Clark, E.A., Qiao, Z., & Wong, W.K., (2016). Theories of risk: testing investor behaviour on the Taiwan stock and stock index futures markets. Forthcoming in Economic Inquiry. Conover, J.A., & Dubofsky, D.A., (1995). Efficiency selection of insured currency positions: protective puts vs. fiduciary calls. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 30(2), 295–312. Davidson, R., & Duclos, J-Y. (2000). Statistical inference for stochastic dominance and for the measurement of poverty and inequality. Econometrica, 68, 1435-1464. Dillinger, A. M., Stein, W.E., & Mizzi, P.J., (1992). Risk-averse decisions in business planning. Decision Sciences, 23, 1003-1008. Egozcue, M., & Wong, W.K. (2010). Gains from diversification on convex combinations: A majorization and stochastic dominance approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 200, 893–900. Fong, W.M., Wong, W.K., & Lean, H.H. (2005). International momentum strategies: A stochastic dominance approach. Journal of Financial Markets, 8, 89–109. Fong, W.M., Lean, H.H. & Wong, W.K. (2008). Stochastic dominance and behavior towards risk: The market for Internet stocks. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 68(1), 194-208. Fung, J.K.W., Cheng, L.T.W., & Chan, K.C. (1997). The intraday pricing efficiency of Hong Kong Hang Seng Index Options and Futures Markets. Journal of Futures Markets, 17, 797–815. Fung, J.K.W., & Draper, P. (1999). Mispricing of index futures contracts and short sales constraints. Journal of Futures Markets, 19, 695–715. Fung, J.K.W. (2007). The information content of option implied volatility surrounding the 1997 Hong Kong stock market crash. Journal of Futures Markets, 27(6), 555 – 574. Fung J.K.W., & Yu, P.L.H. (2007). Order imbalance and the dynamics of index and futures prices. Journal of Futures Markets, 27(12), 1129–1157. Gasbarro, D., Wong, W.K., & Zumwalt, J.K. (2007). Stochastic dominance analysis of ishares, European Journal of Finance, 13, 89-101. Guo, X., & Wong, W.K., (2016). Multivariate stochastic dominance for risk averters and risk seekers. Forthcoming in RAIRO - Operations Research 50(3), 575-586. Hadar, J., & Russell, W. (1969). Rules for ordering uncertain prospects. American Economic Review, 59(1), 25-34. Hammond, J.S. (1974). Simplifying the choice between uncertain prospects where preference is nonlinear. Management Science, 20(7), 1047-1072. Hartley, R., & Farrell, L. (2002). Can expected utility theory explain gambling? American Economic Review, 92, 613-624. Ho, R. Y. K., Fang, J. Z., & Woo, C. K. (1992). Intraday arbitrage opportunities and price behavior of the Hang Seng Index Futures. Review of Futures Markets, 11, 413–430. Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory of decisions under risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263–291. Kyriacou, K., & Sarno, L. (1999). The temporal relationship between derivatives trading and spot market volatility in the UK: Empirical analysis and Monte Carlo evidence. Journal of Futures Markets, 19, 245–270. Lam, K., Liu, T.S., & Wong, W.K. (2008). The Magnitude effect in the over-and-underreaction in international markets, International Journal of Finance, 20(3), 4833 - 4862. Lam, K., Liu, T.S., & Wong, W.K. (2010), A pseudo-Bayesian model in financial decision making with implications to market volatility, under- and overreaction, European Journal of Operational Research 203(1), 166-175. Lean, H.H., Smyth, R. & Wong, W.K. (2007). Revisiting calendar anomalies in Asian stock markets using a stochastic dominance approach. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 17, 125–141. Lean, H.H., Wong, W.K., & Zhang, X. (2008). The Sizes and Powers of Some Stochastic Dominance Tests: A Monte Carlo Study for Correlated and Heteroskedastic Distributions. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 79(1), 30-48. Leshno, M., & Levy, H. (2002). Preferred by “all” and preferred by “most” decision makers: Almost stochastic dominance. Management Science, 48, 1074-1085. Leung, P.L., & Wong, W.K. (2008). On testing the equality of the multiple Sharpe ratios, with application on the evaluation of IShares. Journal of Risk 10(3), 1-16. Levy, M., & Levy, H. (2002). Prospect theory: much ado about nothing? Management Science 48(10), 1334-1349. Levy, H., & Levy, M. (2004). Prospect theory and mean-variance analysis, Review of Financial Studies, 17(4), 1015-1041. Levy, H., & Wiener, Z. (1998). Stochastic Dominance and Prospect Dominance with Subjective Weighting Functions. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 16(2), 147-163. Li, C.K., & Wong, W.K. (1999). A note on stochastic dominance for risk averters and risk takers. RAIRO Recherche Operationnelle, 33, 509-524. Linton, O., Maasoumi, E., & Whang, Y-J. (2005). Consistent testing for stochastic dominance under general sampling schemes. Review of Economic Studies, 72, 735-765. Pok, W.C., & Poshakwale, S. (2004). The impact of the introduction of futures contracts on the spot market volatility: the case of Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. Applied Financial Economics, 14, 143–154. Porter, R.B. (1973). An empirical comparison of stochastic dominance and mean-variance portfolio choice criteria. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 8, 587-608. Porter, R.B., & Gaumnitz, J.E. (1972). Stochastic dominance vs. mean-variance portfolio analysis: an empirical evaluation. American Economic Review, 62, 438-446. Post, T., & Levy, H. (2005). Does risk seeking drive asset prices? A stochastic dominance analysis of aggregate investor preferences and beliefs. Review of Financial Studies, 18(3), 925-953. Qiao, Z., Clark, E., & Wong, W.K., (2012). Investors’ preference towards risk: Evidence from the Taiwan stock and stock index futures markets. Accounting Finance, 54(1), 251-274. Qiao, Z., Wong, W.K., & Fung, J.K.W., (2013). Stochastic dominance relationships between stock and stock index futures markets: International evidence. Economic Modelling, 33, 552–559. Quirk J.P., & Saposnik, R. (1962). Admissibility and measurable utility functions. Review of Economic Studies, 29, 140-146. So, R.W., & Tse, Y. (2004). Price discovery in the Hang Seng Index markets: index, futures, and the tracker fund. Journal of Futures Markets, 24(9), 887 – 907. Sriboonchita, S., Wong, W.K., Dhompongsa, S., & Nguyen, H.T. (2009). Stochastic dominance and applications to finance, risk and economics. Chapman and Hall/CRC, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, Florida, USA. Stoll, H. R., & Whaley, R. E. (1990). The dynamics of stock index and stock index futures returns. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 25, 441–68. Thaler, R.H., & Johnson, E.J. (1990). Gambling with the house money and trying to break even: the effects of prior outcomes on risky choice. Management Science 36, 643-660. Trennepohl, G.L., Booth, J., & Tehranian, H. (1988). An empirical analysis of insured portfolio strategies using listed options. Journal of Financial Research 11 (1), 1–12. Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1992). Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5, 297-323. Wong, W.K. (2007). Stochastic dominance and mean-variance measures of profit and loss for business planning and investment. European Journal of Operational Research, 182, 829-843. Wong, W.K., & Chan, R. (2008). Markowitz and prospect stochastic dominances. Annals of Finance, 4(1), 105-129. Wong, W.K., & Li, C.K. (1999). A note on convex stochastic dominance theory. Economics Letters, 62, 293-300. Wong, W.K., & Ma, C. (2008). Preferences over Meyer’s location-scale family. Economic Theory, 37(1), 119-146. Wong, W.K., Phoon, K.F., & Lean, H.H. (2008). Stochastic dominance analysis of Asian hedge funds. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 16(3), 204-223. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/74386 |