Increasing Returns, the Choice of Technology, and the Gains from Trade

Zhou, Haiwen (2007): Increasing Returns, the Choice of Technology, and the Gains from Trade. Published in: Southern Economic Journal , Vol. 74, No. 2 (2007): pp. 581-600.

Abstract

This paper studies the implications of international trade in a general equilibrium model in which the returns to scale are internal and firms choose their production technologies. The production function generated from internal increasing returns and the choice of technology leads to the returns to scale similar to that based on external increasing returns. Trade always increases a country’s welfare in a two-sector model in which the agricultural sector has constant returns to scale and average cost in the manufacturing sector may decrease without being bounded asymptotically by a given level of marginal cost. Why a small country may lose from trade under external increasing returns is also illustrated.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Choice of technology, gains from trade, increasing returns, oligopolistic competition, trade policy
• Subjects: D - Microeconomics > D4 - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design > D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection; F - International Economics > F1 - Trade > F12 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies ; Fragmentation; F - International Economics > F1 - Trade > F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations

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