Empowerment translated to transition

chatterjee, susmita (2017): Empowerment translated to transition.

Abstract

This is well noted that women have been subjugated by the throes of patriarchy. They have been bounded by certain gendered social and cultural norms.In this study, we have found that being empowered by joining the self help gropus and with change in lifestyle factors along with sense of self esteem women influence the child birth decision which is leading to demographic transition irrespectiv of their settlement places.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: empowerment, child birth decision, demographic transition
• Subjects: J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J0 - General; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J1 - Demographic Economics > J13 - Fertility ; Family Planning ; Child Care ; Children ; Youth

References

Aassve, A., A. Goisis, and M. Sironi.( 2012). Happiness and childbearing across Europe, Social Indicators Research 108:65-86.

Bbaale, E. (2015). Female education, labour-force participation and fertility: evidence from Uganda, Final Report submitted to the African Economic Research Consortium, NairobiKenya. http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/conferences/2011-edia/papers/847- bbaale.pdf(accessed February 2015).

Basu, A.M., and S. Desai. (2012). Middle class dreams: India’s one-child families, Paper presented at27th Conference of International Union for the Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP), 26- 31 August, Busan, Korea. http://iussp.org/sites/default/files/event_call_for_papers/One%20child%20families_IUSSP.pd f(accessed January 2015).

Basu, A., and S. Amin. (2000). Conditioning factors for fertility decline in Bengal: history, language identity and openness to innovations, Population and Development Review 26(4): 761-794.

Browne, M. W. & Cudeck, R. (1992). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sociological Methods & Research, 21, 230–258.

Chesnais, J-C. (1996). Fertility, family, and social policy in contemporary western Europe, Population and Development Review 22 (4): 729–739.

Claxton, A. and M. Perry-Jenkins. 2008. No fun anymore: leisure and marital quality across the transition to parenthood, Journal of Marriage and Family 70: 28-43.

Cleland, J.( 2001). The effects of improved survival on fertility: a reassessment. Population and Development Review 27 (Supplement): 60-92.

Cleland, J., and C. Wilson. (1987). Demand theories of fertility decline: an iconoclastic view, Population Studies 41(1): 5-30.

Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297–334.

Duflo, E. (2011). Women's empowerment and economic development. NBER Working Paper 17702. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Dyson, T. (2010). Population and Development: The Demographic Transition. London, New York: Zed Books.

Easterline, R.A. (1969). Towards a socioeconomic theory of fertility: a survey of recent research on economic factors in American fertility, In Behrman, S.J., L. Corsa, and R. Freedman (eds.), Fertility and family planning: A world view, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press: 127- 156.

Gerson, K. (1986). Hard Choices: How Women Decide about Work, Career and Motherhood, Berkeley: University of California Press.

Gipson, J.D. and M. J. Hindin. (2013). Intergenerational relationships between women’s fertility, aspirations for their children’s education, and school completion in the Philippines, International Center for Research on Women Fertility & Empowerment, Working Paper Series, 009-2013-ICRW-FE.

Greenhalgh, S. (1988). Fertility as mobility: sinic transitions, Population and Development Review 14(4): 629-674.

Hu, L. & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55.

Kabeer, N.( 1999). Resources, agency, achievements: reflections on the measurement of women's empowerment, Development and Change 30:435-464.

Kingdon, G.G. (2007). The progress of school education in India, Oxford Review of Economic Policy 23(2): 168-195. Livi-Bacci, M. (1986). Social-group forerunners of fertility control in Europe, In Coale, A.J. and S.C. Watkins (eds.), The Decline of Fertility in Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press: 182-200

Lloyd, C. (1991). The contribution of the world fertility surveys to an understanding of the relationship between women’s work and fertility, Studies in Family Planning 22(3): 144-161.

Malhotra, A. and N. Riley.( 2009). Fertility Declines in Developing Countries: Do They Empower Women?, Paper presented at the Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April 30 – May 2, 2009, Detroit, MI. Abstract http://paa2009.princeton.edu/abstracts/91983(accessed February 2015).

Paul, P., and P.M. Kulkarni. (2006). The dynamics of fertility transition in West Bengal, India,Paper presented at the European Population Conference, Liverpool, United Kingdom, June 21-24, 2006.

Mason, K.O. (1986). The status of women: conceptual and methodological issues in demographic studies, Sociological Forum 1(2): 284-300.

Mason, K.O., and V.T. Palan. (1981). Female employment and fertility in peninsular Malaysia: the maternal role incompatibility hypothesis reconsidered, Demography 18(4): 549-575.

Morgan, S.P. (2003). Is low fertility a twenty-first-century demographic crisis, Demography 40(4): 589-603.

Rotariu, T. (2006). Romania and the second demographic transition: the traditional value system and low fertility rates, International Journal of Sociology 36(1): 10-27.

Ryder, N. (2010). Norman Ryder on the sociology of fertility reduction,Population and Development Review 36:607-620.

Swain, R. B., & Wallentin, F. Y. (2009). Does microfinance empower women? Evidence from self-help groups in India. International Review of Applied Economics, 23, 541–556

Uberoi, P. (1993). Family, Kinship, and Marriage in India. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Zuanna, G.D. 2007. Social mobility and fertility, Demographic Research 17, Article 15: 441-464. Available http://www.demographic-research.org/Volumes/Vol17/15 DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2007.17.15 (accessed December 2014)