Palacios, Saúl (2021): Desplazamientos y autoempleo en Francia: diferencias por género.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_106555.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
This paper analyses the behavior of French workers, employed and self- employed, in relation to home-work commute. We use the collected data from the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) and we look for the main fac- tors that most influence on the commuting times. A comparison between women and men in relation to their choice of commuting time is made. The findings indicate a decrease of commuting time for the self-employed, and this is higher when female self-employed data are analyzed.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Desplazamientos y autoempleo en Francia: diferencias por género |
English Title: | Commuting y self-employment in France: gender differences |
Language: | Spanish |
Keywords: | commuting, desplazamientos, self-employment, autoempleo, traba- jadores, gender differences, diferencias de género, workers, France, Francia |
Subjects: | O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O5 - Economywide Country Studies > O57 - Comparative Studies of Countries R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R4 - Transportation Economics > R40 - General |
Item ID: | 106555 |
Depositing User: | Saúl Palacios |
Date Deposited: | 10 Mar 2021 17:08 |
Last Modified: | 10 Mar 2021 17:08 |
References: | Aguilar, A. C., García Muñoz, T. M. and Moro-Egido, A. I. (2013). Heterogeneous self-employment and satisfaction in Latin America, Journal of Economic Psychology 39: 44 – 61. Albert, J.-F., Casado-Díaz, J. M. and Simón, H. (2019). The commuting behaviour of self-employed workers: Evidence for Spain, Papers in Regional Science 98(6): 2455–2477. Andersson, P. (2008). Happiness and health: Well-being among the self-employed, The Journal of Socio-Economics 37(1): 213 – 236. Avila-Palencia, I., de Nazelle, A., Cole-Hunter, T., Donaire-Gonzalez, D., Jerrett, M., Rodriguez, D. A. and Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J. (2017). The relationship between bicycle commuting and perceived stress: A cross-sectional study, BMJ Open 7(6). Bai, B., Gopalan, N., Beutell, N. and Ren, F. (2021). Impact of Absolute and Relative Commute Time onWork–Family Conflict:Work Schedule Control, Child Care Hours, and Life Satisfaction, J. Fam. Econ. Iss. pp. 1–15. Banister, D., Watson, S. and Wood, C. (1997). Sustainable cities: Transport, energy, and urban form, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 24(1): 125–143. Barrado, B. and Molina, J. A. (2015). Factores macroeconómicos que estimulan el emprendimiento. Un análisis para los países desarrollados y no desarrollados, Documentos de Trabajo dt2015-06, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de Zaragoza. Bastiaanssen, J., Johnson, D. and Lucas, K. (2020). Does transport help people to gain employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence, Transport Reviews 40(5): 607–628. Boix, R. and Trullén, J. (2012). Policentrismo y estructuración del espacio: una revisión crítica desde la perspectiva de los programas de investigación, ACE: Architecture, City and Environment 6(18): 27–54. Bopp, M., Kaczynski, A. T. and Besenyi, G. (2012). Active commuting influences among adults, Preventive Medicine 54(3): 237 – 241. Campaña, J. C., Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2016). Diferencias entre auto-empleados y asalariados en los usos del tiempo: Aragón vs. Spain [Differences between self-employees and wage-earners in time uses: Aragon vs. Spain], (71463). Campaña, J. C., Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2017). Self-employment and educational childcare time: Evidence from Latin America, MPRA Paper 77360, University Library of Munich, Germany. Campaña, J. C., Giménez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2020). Self-employed and Employed Mothers in Latin American Families: Are There Differences in Paid Work, Unpaid Work, and Child Care?, J. Fam. Econ. Iss. 41(1): 52–69. Castelli, C. and Parenti, A. (2020). Commuting in europe: An inter-regional analysis on its determinants and spatial effects, Technical report, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM). Cavallaro, F. and Dianin, A. (2019). Cross-border commuting in Central Europe: features, trends and policies, Transport Policy 78: 86 – 104. Celis-Morales, C. A., Lyall, D. M., Welsh, P., Anderson, J., Steell, L., Guo, Y., Maldonado, R., Mackay, D. F., Pell, J. P., Sattar, N. and Gill, J. M. R. (2017). Association between active commuting and incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality: Prospective cohort study, BMJ 357. Clark, B., Chatterjee, K., Martin, A. and Davis, A. (2020). How commuting affects subjective wellbeing, Transportation 47(6): 2777–2805. Clark, W. A. V. and Kuijpers-Linde, M. (1994). Commuting in restructuring urban regions, Urban Studies 31(3): 465–483. Crane, R. (2007). Is There a Quiet Revolution in Women’s Travel? Revisiting the Gender Gap in Commuting, Journal of the American Planning Association 73(3): 298– 316. Cristaldi, F. (2005). Commuting and Gender in Italy: A Methodological Issue, The Professional Geographer 57(2): 268–284. de Moraes Ferrari, G. L., Kovalskys, I., Fisberg, M., Gómez, G., Rigotti, A., Cortés Sanabria, L. Y., Yépez García, M. C., Pareja Torres, R. G., Herrera-Cuenca, M., Zimberg, I. Z., Guajardo, V., Pratt, M., Gonçalves, P. B., Rosales-Salas, J., Cristi- Montero, C., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, F., Waddell, H., Petermann-Rocha, F., Celis- Morales, C. A., Chaput, J.-P., Scholes, S., Solé, D., Fisberg, M., Kovalskys, I., Gómez Salas, G., Rigotti, A., Cortés Sanabria, L. Y., Gómez, G., Yépez García, M. C., Pareja Torres, R. G., Herrera-Cuenca, M., Koletzko, B., Moreno, L. A., Pratt, M., Tucker, K. L., Guajardo, V., Zimberg, I. Z., Kovalskys, I., Guajardo, V., Amigo, M. P., Janezic, X., Cardini, F., Echeverry, M., Langsman, M., Fisberg, M., Zimberg, I. Z., Grande de França, N. A., Rigotti, A., Echeverría, G., Landaeta, L., Óscar Castillo, Sanabria, L. Y. C., Vargas, L. N., Tobar, L. F., Castillo, Y. M., Gómez Salas, G., Rojas, R. M., Chinnock, A., Yépez García, M. C., Cáceres, M. V., Ocampo, M. B., Pareja Torres, R., Liria, M. R., Meza, K., Abad, M., Penny, M., Marianella Herrera- Cuenca, Landaeta, M., Méndez, B., Vasquez, M., Rivas, O., Meza, C., Ruiz, S., Ramirez, G., Hernández, P., Chiavegatto Filho, A. D., Gonçalves, P. B., Alberico, C. and Luis de Moraes Ferrari, G. (2020). Socio-demographic patterns of public, private and active travel in Latin America: Cross-sectional findings from the ELANS study, Journal of Transport & Health 16: 100788. Dickerson, A., Hole, A. R. and Munford, L. A. (2014). The relationship between wellbeing and commuting revisited: Does the choice of methodology matter?, Regional Science and Urban Economics 49: 321–329. Ehab, M. (2018). The Commuting Gender Gap and Females’ Participation and Earnings in the Egyptian Labor Market, Working Papers 1211, Economic Research Forum. Farré, L., Jofre-Monseny, J. and Torrecillas, J. (2020). Commuting time and the gender gap in labor market participation, IZA Discussion Papers 13213, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA). Feng, Z. and Boyle, P. (2014). Do long journeys to work have adverse effects on mental health?, Environment and Behavior 46(5): 609–625. French, M. T., Popovici, I. and Timming, A. R. (2020). Analysing the effect of commuting time on earnings among young adults, Applied Economics 52(48): 5282–5297. Gil Solá, A. and Vilhelmson, B. (2012). Convergence or divergence? Changing gender differences in commuting in two Swedish urban regions, Cybergeo : European Journal of Geography . Giménez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2019). Work time and well-being for workers at home: evidence from the American Time Use Survey, International Journal of Manpower . Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and de la Fuente, I. (2021). ¿Son saludables y sostenibles los desplazamientos diarios de las personas? Evidencia empírica en Aragón y España [Are people’s daily commutes healthy and sustainable? Empirical evidence in Aragon a, MPRA Paper 105454, University Library of Munich, Germany. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Lafuente, M., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2019). Resampling and bootstrap algorithms to assess the relevance of variables: applications to cross section entrepreneurship data, Empir. Econ. 56(1): 233–267. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2013). Parents’ education as a determinant of educational childcare time, J. Popul. Econ. 26(2): 719–749. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2014). Regional unemployment, gender, and time allocation of the unemployed, Review of Economics of the Household 12(1): 105– 127. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2016a). Commuting time and household responsibilities: Evidence using propensity score matching, Journal of Regional Science 56(2): 332–359. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2016b). Health inequality and the uses of time for workers in Europe: policy implications, IZA J. Labor Stud. 5(1): 1–18. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Molina, J. A. (2020). The gender gap in time allocation in Europe, IZA Discussion Papers 13461, Bonn. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Ortega, R. (2012). Self-employed mothers and the work-family conflict, Applied Economics 44(17): 2133–2147. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Ortega, R. (2017). Like my parents at home? Gender differences in children’s housework in Germany and Spain, Empir. Econ. 52(4): 1143–1179. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2015). Excess commuting in the us: Differences between the self-employed and employees, IZA Discussion Papers 9425, Bonn. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2016). A wage-efficiency spatial model for us self-employed workers, IZA Discussion Papers 9634, Bonn. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2018). The commuting behavior of workers in the United States: Differences between the employed and the selfemployed, Journal of Transport Geography 66: 19 – 29. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2019). Modelling commuting time in the US: Bootstrapping techniques to avoid overfitting, Papers in Regional Science 98(4): 1667–1684. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2020). Elderly’s Mobility to and from Work in the US: Metropolitan Status and Population Size, IZA Discussion Papers 13949, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA). Giménez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2020a). Trends in commuting time of European workers: A cross-country analysis, IZA Discussion Papers 12916, Bonn. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Zhu, Y. (2018). Intergenerational mobility of housework time in the United Kingdom, Rev. Econ. Household 16(4): 911–937. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Ortega-Lapiedra, R. (2010). Self-employment and time stress: the effect of leisure quality, Applied Economics Letters 17(17): 1735–1738. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Sevilla, A. (2012). Trends in time allocation: A cross-country analysis, European Economic Review 56(6): 1338–1359. Gimenez-Nadal, J. I. and Sevilla, A. (2014). Total work time in Spain: evidence from time diary data, Applied Economics 46(16): 1894–1909. Giménez-Nadal, J. I., Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2020b). Commuting and selfemployment in Western Europe, Journal of Transport Geography 88: 102856. Gottholmseder, G., Nowotny, K., Pruckner, G. J. and Theurl, E. (2009). Stress perception and commuting, Health Economics 18(5): 559–576. Grieco, M., Pickup, L. and Whipp, R. (1989). Gender, Transport, and Employment: The Impact of Travel Constraints, Avebury Series in Philosophy, Gower. Hansson, E., Mattisson, K., Björk, J., Östergren, P.-O. and Jakobsson, K. (2011). Relationship between commuting and health outcomes in a cross-sectional population survey in southern Sweden, BMC Public Health 11(1): 834–14. Hendriksen, I. J., Zuiderveld, B., Kemper, H. C. and Bezemer, P. D. (2000). Effect of commuter cycling on physical performance of male and female employees, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 32(2): 504–510. Huang, B. (2018). Multinomial logit analysis of the effects of five different app-based incentives to encourage cycling to work, IET Intelligent Transport Systems 12: 1421– 1432(11). Humphreys, D. K., Goodman, A. and Ogilvie, D. (2013). Associations between active commuting and physical and mental wellbeing, Preventive Medicine 57(2): 135 – 139. Jacob, N., Munford, L., Rice, N. and Roberts, J. (2019). The disutility of commuting? The effect of gender and local labor markets, Regional Science and Urban Economics 77: 264 – 275. Jara-Díaz, S. and Rosales-Salas, J. (2015). Understanding time use: Daily or weekly data?, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 76: 38 – 57. Emerging data and methodological considerations in time-use analysis. Kawase, M. (2004). Changing gender differences in commuting in the Tokyo metropolitan suburbs, GeoJournal 61(3): 247–253. Korsu, E. (2010). La proximité domicile-travail dans les choix résidentiels et professionnels de l’individu hypermoderne, in M.-H. M. (Dir.) (ed.), Mobilités et modes de vie métropolitains, L’oeil d’or, Paris, pp. p.75–92. Kumar, V., Bhat, C. R., Pendyala, R. M., You, D., Ben-Elia, E. and Ettema, D. (2016). Impacts of Incentive-Based Intervention on Peak Period Traffic: Experience from the Netherlands, Transportation Research Record 2543(1): 166–175. Kwan, M.-P. and Kotsev, A. (2015). Gender differences in commute time and accessibility in Sofia, Bulgaria: a study using 3D geovisualisation, The Geographical Journal 181(1): 83–96. Lachapelle, U., Tanguay, G. A. and Neumark-Gaudet, L. (2018). Telecommuting and sustainable travel: Reduction of overall travel time, increases in non-motorised travel and congestion relief?, Urban Studies 55(10): 2226–2244. Le Barbanchon, T., Rathelot, R. and Roulet, A. (2020). Gender Differences in Job Search: Trading off Commute against Wage*, The Quarterly Journal of Economics 136(1): 381–426. Lee, B. S. and McDonald, J. F. (2003). Determinants of Commuting Time and Distance for Seoul Residents: The Impact of Family Status on the Commuting of Women, Urban Studies 40(7): 1283–1302. Martin, A., Goryakin, Y. and Suhrcke, M. (2014). Does active commuting improve psychological wellbeing? Longitudinal evidence from eighteen waves of the British Household Panel Survey, Preventive Medicine 69: 296 – 303. Massot, M. and Roy, E. (2004). Lieu de vie-lieu de travail. 25 ans d’évolution de la distance au travail, Rapport de recherche pour l’ADEME, INRETS . McQuaid, R. W. and Chen, T. (2012). Commuting times – the role of gender, children and part-time work, Research in Transportation Economics 34(1): 66 – 73. Gender and transport: Transaction costs, competing claims and transport policy gaps. Meijers, E. (2008). Measuring polycentricity and its promises, European Planning Studies 16(9): 1313–1323. Molina, J. A. (2011). Household Economic Behaviors, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, USA. Molina, J. A. (2015). Caring within the Family: Reconciling Work and Family Life, J. Fam. Econ. Iss. 36(1): 1–4. Molina, J. A. (2020a). Family and Entrepreneurship: New Empirical and Theoretical Results, J. Fam. Econ. Iss. 41(1): 1–3. Molina, J. A. (2020b). The Work–Family Conflict: Evidence from the Recent Decade and Lines of Future Research, J. Fam. Econ. Iss. pp. 1–7. Molina, J. A., Giménez-Nadal, J. I. and Velilla, J. (2020). Sustainable commuting: Results from a social approach and international evidence on carpooling, Sustainability 12(22). Molina, J. A., Ortega, R. and Velilla, J. (2017). Feminization of entrepreneurship in developing countries. Molina, J. A. and Velilla, J. (2016). Innovation as a determinant of entrepreneurship. Molina, J. A., Velilla, J. and Ortega, R. (2016a). The decision to become an entrepreneur in Spain: the role of household finances, International Journal of Entrepreneurship 20: 57–73. Molina, J. A., Velilla, J. and Ortega, R. (2016b). Entrepreneurial activity in the OECD: Pooled and cross-country evidence, MPRA Paper 71592, University Library of Munich, Germany. Nafilyan, V. (2020). Commuting Behaviours and the Gender Pay Gap. [Online; accessed 27. Feb. 2021]. Nikolova, M. (2019). Switching to self-employment can be good for your health, Journal of Business Venturing 34(4): 664 – 691. Entrepreneurship & Wellbeing. Panter, J., Mytton, O., Sharp, S., Brage, S., Cummins, S., Laverty, A. A., Wijndaele, K. and Ogilvie, D. (2018). Using alternatives to the car and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, Heart 104(21): 1749–1755. Patterson, R., Panter, J., Vamos, E. P., Cummins, S., Millett, C. and Laverty, A. A. (2020). Associations between commute mode and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality, and cancer incidence, using linked Census data over 25 years in England and Wales: a cohort study, The Lancet Planetary Health 4(5): e186–e194. Queirós, M. and Marques da Costa, N. (2012). Knowledge on gender dimensions of transportation in Portugal, Dialogue and Universalisme 3: 47–69. Raux, C., Lamatkhanova, A. and Grassot, L. (2020). Does the built environment shape commuting? The case of Lyon (France), Technical report. Working Papers du LAET, 2020/03. Reuschke, D. and Houston, D. (2020). Revisiting the gender gap in commuting through self-employment, Journal of Transport Geography 85: 102712. Roberts, J., Hodgson, R. and Dolan, P. (2011). “It’s driving her mad”: Gender differences in the effects of commuting on psychological health, Journal of Health Economics 30(5): 1064–1076. Schäfer, C., Mayr, B., Fernandez La Puente de Battre, M. D., Reich, B., Schmied, C., Loidl, M., Niederseer, D. and Niebauer, J. (2020). Health effects of active commuting to work: The available evidence before GISMO, Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 30(S1): 8–14. Shin, E. J. (2019). Self-employment and travel behavior: A case study of workers in central Puget Sound, Transport Policy 73: 101 – 112. Skora, T., Rüger, H. and Stawarz, N. (2020). Commuting and the Motherhood Wage Gap: Evidence from Germany, Sustainability 12(14). Sánchez, M. I. O. and González, E. M. (2016). Gender differences in commuting behavior: Women’s greater sensitivity, Transportation Research Procedia 18: 66 – 72. Efficient, Safe and Intelligent Transport. Selected papers from the XII Conference on Transport Engineering, Valencia (Spain) 7-9 June. Sánchez, O., Isabel, M. and González, E. M. (2014). Travel patterns, regarding different activities: Work, studies, household responsibilities and leisure, Transportation Research Procedia 3: 119 – 128. 17th Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation, EWGT2014, 2-4 July 2014, Sevilla, Spain. Stephan, U., Li, J. and Qu, J. (2020). A fresh look at self-employment, stress and health: accounting for self-selection, time and gender, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research . Sun, B., Lin, J. and Yin, C. (2020). How does commute duration affect subjective well-being? A case study of Chinese cities, Transportation pp. 1–24. Talbot, J. (2001). Les déplacements domicile-travail : de plus en plus d’actifs travaillent loin de chez eux. Tobin, J. (1958). Estimation of relationships for limited dependent variables, Econometrica 26(1): 24–36. Turner, T. and Niemeier, D. (1997). Travel to work and household responsibility: new evidence, Transportation 24(4): 397–419. van der Zwan, P., Hessels, J. and Rietveld, C. A. (2018). Self-employment and satisfaction with life, work, and leisure, Journal of Economic Psychology 64: 73 – 88. Van Ommeren, J. and Fosgerau, M. (2009). Workers’ marginal costs of commuting, Journal of Urban Economics 65(1): 38 – 47. van Ommeren, J. N. and van der Straaten, J. W. (2008). The effect of search imperfections on commuting behaviour: Evidence from employed and self-employed workers, Regional Science and Urban Economics 38(2): 127 – 147. Velilla, J., Molina, J. A. and Ortega, R. (2018). Why older workers become entrepreneurs? International evidence using fuzzy set methods, The Journal of the Economics of Ageing 12: 88–95. Velilla, J., Molina, J. A. and Ortega, R. (2020). Entrepreneurship among Low-, Midand High-Income Workers in South America: A Fuzzy-Set Analysis, IZA Discussion Papers 13209, Bonn. White, M. J. (1986). Sex differences in urban commuting patterns, The American Economic Review 76(2): 368–372. Zhang, Z., Fujii, H. and Managi, S. (2014). How does commuting behavior change due to incentives? An empirical study of the Beijing Subway System, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 24: 17–26. Zhu, P. (2013). Telecommuting, household commute and location choice, Urban Studies 50(12): 2441–2459. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/106555 |
Available Versions of this Item
- Desplazamientos y autoempleo en Francia: diferencias por género. (deposited 10 Mar 2021 17:08) [Currently Displayed]