Pashchenko, Svetlana and Porapakkarm, Ponpoje (2021): Value of Life and Annuity Demand.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_108886.pdf Download (389kB) | Preview |
Abstract
How does the value of life affect annuity demand? To address this question, we construct a portfolio choice problem with three key features: i) agents have access to life-contingent assets, ii) they always prefer living to dying, iii) agents have non-expected utility preferences. We show that as utility from being alive increases, annuity demand decreases (increases) if agents are more (less) averse to risk rather than to intertemporal fluctuations. Put differently, if people prefer early resolution of uncertainty, they are less interested in annuities when the value of life is high. Our findings have two important implications. First, we get better understanding of the well-known annuity puzzle. Second, we argue that the observed low annuity demand provides evidence that people prefer early rather than late resolution of uncertainty.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Value of Life and Annuity Demand |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | annuities, value of a statistical life, portfolio choice problem, life-contingent assets, longevity insurance |
Subjects: | D - Microeconomics > D9 - Intertemporal Choice > D91 - Intertemporal Household Choice ; Life Cycle Models and Saving G - Financial Economics > G1 - General Financial Markets > G11 - Portfolio Choice ; Investment Decisions G - Financial Economics > G2 - Financial Institutions and Services > G22 - Insurance ; Insurance Companies ; Actuarial Studies |
Item ID: | 108886 |
Depositing User: | Svetlana Pashchenko |
Date Deposited: | 27 Jul 2021 07:37 |
Last Modified: | 27 Jul 2021 07:37 |
References: | [1] Ameriks, J., Briggs, J., Caplin, A., Shapiro, M., Tonetti, C., 2019. Long-Term Care Utility and Late in Life Saving. Journal of Political Economy, forthcoming. [2] Anderson, E., 2005. The dynamics of risk-sensitive allocations. Journal of Economic Theory, Volume 125(2), pp 93-150 [3] Attanasio, O., Weber, G., 1989. ”Intertemporal Substitution, Risk Aversion and the Euler Equation for Consumption”. Economic Journal, 99, 59-73 [4] Andersson, H., Treich, N., 2011, “The Value of a Statistical Life” in “Handbook in Transport Economics”, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK. [5] Backus, D., Routledge, B., Zin, S., 2004. Exotic preferences for macroeconomists, NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2004, Volume 19 [6] Bansal, R., Yaron, A., 2004. ”Risks for the Long-Run: A Potential Resolution of Asset Pricing Puzzles.” Journal of Finance, 54, 1481-1509 [7] Bommier, A., Harenberg, D., LeGrand, F., O’Dea, C., 2020. Recursive Preferences, the Value of Life, and Household Finance. Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper N 2231 [8] Bommier, A., Le Grand, F., 2014. Too Risk Averse to Purchase Insurance? A Theoretical Glance at the Annuity Puzzle. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 48, pp. 135-166 [9] Bommier, A., Kochov, A., Le Grand, F., 2017. On Monotone Recursive Preferences. Econometrica, 85, pp 1433–1466. [10] Bommier, A., Villeneuve, B., 2012. Risk Aversion and the Value of Risk to Life. Journal of Risk and Insurance, Vol. 79, No. 1, pp. 77-103 [11] Brown, A., Kim, H., 2014 ”Do Individuals Have Preferences Used in Macro-Finance Models? An Experimental Investigation”, Management Science, 60, 939-958 [12] Butler, M., Peijnenburg, K., Staubli, S., 2016. How much do means-tested benefits reduce the demand for annuities? Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 1(04), pp 1-31 [13] Campanale, C., Castro, R., Clementi, G., 2010. Asset Pricing in a Production Economy With Chew-Dekel Preferences. Review of Economic Dynamics, 13(2), pp 379-402 [14] Chen, X., Favilukis, J., Ludvigson, S., 2013.”An Estimation of Economic Models with Recursive Preferences”. Quantitative Economics, 4, 39-83 [15] Chew, S,H., 1983. A generalization of the quasi-linear mean with applications to the measurement of inequality and decision theory resolving the Allais paradox. Econometrica, 51, pp 1065-1092. [16] Cordoba, J.C., Ripoll, M., 2017, “Risk Aversion and the Value of Life”, Review of Economic Studies, vol.84(4), pp. 1472–1509. [17] Dekel, E., 1986. An Axiomatic Characterization of Preferences under Uncertainty: Weakening the independence axiom. Journal of Economic Theory, 40, pp 304-331 [18] De Nardi, M., 2004. ”Wealth Inequality and Intergenerational Links”. Review of Economic Studies, 71(7), 743-768 [19] De Nardi, M., French, E., Jones, J., 2010., Why Do the Elderly Save? Journal of Political Economy, 118(1), pp.39-75. [20] De Nardi, M., French, E., Jones, J., 2016, Medicaid Insurance in Old Age. American Economic Review, 106(11), pp.3480-3520 [21] De Nardi, M., Pashchenko, S., Porapakkarm, P., 2018. The Lifetime Costs of Bad Health. NBER Working Paper No. 23963 [22] Dillenberger, D., Gottlieb, D.,Ortoleva, P., 2020. Stochastic Impatience and the Separation of Time and Risk Preferences. Mimeo, Princeton University [23] Dushi, I., Webb, A., 2004. Household Annuitization Decisions: Simulations and Empirical Analysis. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 3(2), 109-143 [24] Epstein, L., Zin, S, 1989. Substitution, Risk Aversion, and the Temporal Behavior of Consumption and Asset Returns: A Theoretical Framework, Econometrica, 57(4), pp 937-969 [25] Eslami K., Karimi, S., 2019. Health Spending: Luxury or Necessity? Mimeo, Ryerson University [26] Fonseca, R., Michaud, P-C., Kapteyn, A., Galama, T., 2020. Accounting for the Rise in Health Spending and Longevity. Journal of the European Economic Association, forthcoming [27] Gomes, F., Michaelides, A., 2008. Asset Pricing With Limited Risk Sharing and Heterogeneous Agents. Review of Financial Studies, 21, pp 415–448 [28] Guvenen, F., 2009. A Parsimonious Macroeconomic Model for Asset Pricing. Econometrica, Vol. 77, N6, pp 1711-1750 [29] Hall, R., Jones, C., 2007, “The Value of Life and the Rise in Health Spending”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.122(1) , pp. 39-72. [30] Hansen, L., Sargent, T., 1995. Discounted Linear Exponential Quadratic Gaussian Control. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 40(5), pp 968–971. [31] Huang, D., Shaliastovich, I., 2013. ”Risk Adjustment and the Temporal Resolution of Uncertainty: Evidence from Options Markets”. Mimeo, University of Pennsylvania [32] Hubbard, G., Skinner, J., Zeldes, S., 1994. The Importance of Precautionary Motives in Explaining Individual and Aggregate Saving. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 40(1), pp. 59 [33] Hugonnier, J.,Pelgrin, F.,St-Amour, P., 2013. Health and (Other) Asset Holdings. Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 80, No. 2 (283), pp. 663-710 [34] Hugonnier, J.,Pelgrin, F.,St-Amour, P., 2020. Closing Down the Shop: Optimal Health and Wealth Dynamics Near the End of Life. Health Economics, 29(2), pp 138-153 [35] Inkman J., Lopes, P., Michaelides, A., 2011. How Deep is the Annuity Market Participation Puzzle? Review of Financial Studies, 24(1), pp. 279-319. [36] Kaplan, G.,Violante, G. 2014. A Model of the Consumption Response to Fiscal Stimulus Payments. Econometrica, 82(4), pp 1199-1239. [37] Kellerman, S., Lehman,J., Lansky, A., Stevens, M., Hecht, F., Bindman, A., Wortley, P., 2002. ”HIV testing within at-risk populations in the United States and the reasons for seeking or avoiding HIV testing”. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 31, 202-210 [38] Kreps, D., Porteus, E., 1978. ”Temporal Resolution of Uncertainty and Dynamic Choice Theory”. Econometrica, 46, 185-200 [39] Krueger, D., Ludwig, A., 2019. Optimal Taxes on Capital in the OLG Model with Uninsurable Idiosyncratic Income Risk. Mimeo, University of Pennsylvania [40] Lockwood, L., 2012. Bequest Motives and the Annuity Puzzle. Review of Economic Dynamics, 15(2), pp. 226-243 [41] Lockwood, L., 2018. Incidental Bequests and the Choice to Self-Insure Late Life Risks. American Economic Review, 108(9), pp 2513-2550 [42] Love. D., 2017. Countercyclical Retirement Accounts. European Economic Review, Vol 98, pp 38-42 [43] Malloy, C., Moskowitz, T., Vissing-Jorgensen, A., 2009. ”Long-Run Stockholder Consumption Risk and Asset Returns”. Journal of Finance, LXIV, N 6 [44] Meissner, T., Pfei↵er, P., 2018. ”Measuring Preferences Over the Temporal Resolution of Consumption Uncertainty”. Unpublished manuscript [45] Murphy, K., Topel, R., 2006, “The Value of Health and Longevity”, Journal of Political Economy, vol.114, N51, pp. 871-904 [46] Mitchell, O. S., Poterba, J.M., Warshawsky, M.J., Brown, J.R., 1999. New Evidence on the Money’s Worth of Individual Annuities. American Economic Review 89(5), pp.1299-1318 [47] Nygaard, N., 2019. Causes and Consequences of Life Expectancy Inequality. Mimeo, University of Houston [48] Ozkan, S., 2017. Preventive vs. Curative Medicine: A Macroeconomic Analysis of Health Care over the Life Cycle. Mimeo, University of Toronto. [49] Oster, E., Shoulson, D., Dorsey, R., 2013. ”Optimal Expectations and Limited Medical Testing: Evidence from Huntington Disease”, American Economic Review, 103, 804830 [50] Pashchenko, S., 2013. Accounting for Non-Annuitization. Journal of Public Economics, 98, pp.53-67 [51] Pashchenko, S., Porapakkarm, P., 2019. Accounting for Social Security Claiming Behavior. Mimeo, University of Georgia [52] Peijnenburg, K., Nijman, T., Werker, B., 2017. Health Cost Risk: A Potential Solution to the Annuity Puzzle. The Economic Journal, 127, pp 1598-1625 [53] Reichling, F., Smetters, K., 2015. Optimal Annuitization with Stochastic Mortality and Correlated Medical Costs. American Economic Review, 105 (11), pp 3273-3320 [54] Robinson, L., 2007. How US Government Agencies Value Mortality Risk Reductions, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 1(2), pp.283-299. [55] Rosen, S., 1988, “The Value of Changes in Life Expectancy”, Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, vol.I, pp.285-304. [56] Routledge, B., Zin, S., 2010. Generalized disappointment aversion and asset prices. Journal of Finance, 65(4), pp 1303–1332 [57] Tallarini, T., 2000. Risk-Sensitive Real Business Cycles. Journal of Monetary Economics, 45(3), pp 507-532. [58] Traeger, C., 2014, “Capturing Intrinsic Risk Attitude”, mimeo, University of California Berkely [59] Turra, C., Mitchell, O., 2008. The Impact of Health Status and Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditures on Annuity Valuation. Ameriks, J., and Mitchell, O., editors, Recalibrating Retirement Spending and Saving, pp. 227-250. Oxford University Press. [60] Viscusi, K., 1993, “The Value of Risks to Life and Health”, Journal of Economic Literature, vol.31(4), pp.1912-1946. [61] Vissing-Jorgensen, A., Attanasio, O., 2003. “Stock Market Participation, Intertemporal Substitution and Risk Aversion”, American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, 93, 383-391 [62] Weil, P., 1990, “Non-expected Utility in Macroeconomic?”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.105, pp.29-42. [63] Yaari, M., 1965. ”Uncertain Lifetime, Life insurance , and the Theory of the Consumer”. Review of Economic Studies, 32, 137-150 [64] Yogo, M., 2006, “A Consumption-based Explanation of Expected Stock Returns”, Journal of Finance, vol.LXI, N2, pp.539-580. [65] Yogo, M., 2016. Portfolio Choice in Retirement: Health Risk and the Demand for Annuities, Housing, and Risky Assets. Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol 80, pp 17-34. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/108886 |
Available Versions of this Item
- Value of Life and Annuity Demand. (deposited 27 Jul 2021 07:37) [Currently Displayed]