Are Technology Improvements Contractionary? The Role of Natural Resources

Raveh, Ohad and Perez-Sebastian, Fidel and van der Ploeg, Frederick (2024): Are Technology Improvements Contractionary? The Role of Natural Resources.

Abstract

Are technology improvements contractionary? We re-examine this central question, accounting for the presence of natural resources. A two-sector model of economic growth indicates that capital-augmenting technological improvements can be contemporaneously contractionary in resource-rich economies, and expansionary elsewhere, due to differences in the size of the elasticity of substitution between labor and capital. In addition, such improvements yield relatively steeper expansionary patterns in resource-rich economies in the longer run. We test our analytical predictions using a panel of U.S. states and counties. Our identification strategy rests on geographically-entrenched differences in resource endowments, and the adoption of plausibly exogenous technology shocks at the national level. Our core estimates corroborate our predictions. First, we document persistent differences in the elasticity of substitution between labor and capital across the natural resources dimension. Second, we find that an increase in TFP is on impact contractionary in resource-rich states, yet is non-contractionary (at worst) in resource-poor ones. Third, we illustrate that in the longer term a positive technology shock expands output and inputs in resource-rich economies relatively more strongly. Our results shed light on hitherto overlooked potential adverse effects of natural resource abundance.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Natural resource abundance, technology shocks, input elasticities
• Subjects: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights > O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q3 - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation > Q32 - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development

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