Barajas, Angel (2004): Modelo de valoración de clubes de fútbol basado en los factores clave de su negocio.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_13158.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
I have designed a valuation method adjusted to the specific characteristics of Spanish professional soccer clubs under the hypothesis that clubs behave financially reasonably. I analyse the factors that define the context where soccer business takes place.
I have built a conceptual model that links support, squad quality (proxy by financial criteria), sports results, revenues, investment and socio-economic variables with cash flows, from wich. I obtain the club value.
The work is structured in three sections. The first one is a historic and strategic analysis of the sector. The second one deals with the study of the essential factors for value creation in football and the las one shows the valuation methos based on the discounted cash-flow model, using the estimated free cash-flow claculated according to the relationships reached in the previous chapters.
I have checked the existence of a high tange of beta value in function of the period of time used on their calculation. So, I propose the use of qualitative betas that gather aspects linked to business risk, financial structure and the characteristics of the managerial team. Afterwards, I determine the weighted average cost of capital and, with it, reach the value of a benchmark club. Finally, I show the viability of the model, not only for valuation, but also in order to manage professional football clubs to create value for shareholders.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Modelo de valoración de clubes de fútbol basado en los factores clave de su negocio |
English Title: | Valuation model for football clubs based on the key factors of their business |
Language: | Spanish |
Keywords: | Valuation; football; soccer, finances |
Subjects: | D - Microeconomics > D4 - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design > D46 - Value Theory L - Industrial Organization > L8 - Industry Studies: Services > L83 - Sports ; Gambling ; Restaurants ; Recreation ; Tourism G - Financial Economics > G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance > G30 - General M - Business Administration and Business Economics ; Marketing ; Accounting ; Personnel Economics > M4 - Accounting and Auditing M - Business Administration and Business Economics ; Marketing ; Accounting ; Personnel Economics > M2 - Business Economics > M21 - Business Economics |
Item ID: | 13158 |
Depositing User: | Angel Barajas |
Date Deposited: | 05 Feb 2009 07:55 |
Last Modified: | 26 Sep 2019 14:19 |
References: | AECA (1999): Valoración de empresas. Estudio de aplicabilidad de los diferentes métodos de valoración. Asociación Española de Contabilidad y Administración de Empresas. 2ª Ed. Madrid. Andreff, Wladimir (2002): “FIFA regulation of international transfers and the Coubertobin tax: enforcement, scope and return”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.2.-n.1- pp. 57-63. March. Arnold, A; Webb, B.J. (1986): “Aston Villa and Wolverhampton Wanderers 1971/2 to 1981/2: a study of finance policies in the Football Industry”. Managerial Finance, Vol.17, No. 67, 195-203. Baimbridge, Mark (1997): “Match attendance at Euro 96: was the crowd waving or drowning?”. Applied Economics Letters, 4, pp. 555-558. Barajas, Angel (2002): “Professional Football and Stock Exchange: Experience in several European Leagues”, Comunicación al 10th EASM Congress. Jyväskylä, 4-7 Septiembre. Barajas, Angel (2003): “Visión estratégica del negocio del fútbol. La opinión de los presidentes de los clubes de fútbol ingleses que cotizan en Bolsa”. Comunicación presentada al Congresos Mundial de Gestión Económica del Deporte SPORTCONGRESS2003, Barcelona 14-15 de mayo. Barajas, Angel; Fraiz, José Antonio (2003): “Gestión empresarial del deporte” en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Dosil, J. (ed.), Síntesis, Madrid. Bennett, Roger (1999): “Sports sponsorship, spectator recall and flase consensus”. European Journal of Marketing. Vol. 33 No. 3/4, pp. 291-313. Blasco Ruiz, Ana; Ribal Sanchís, Fco. Javier; Rodríguez, José Angel (2002): “Valoración de Intangibles en las Sociedades Anónimas Deportivas en España. Jugadores y Marcas”. Comunicación al I Congreso Internacional de Valoración y Tasación, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 3-5 julio 2002. Bodie, Zvi; Merton, Robert (1999): Finanzas. Prentice Hall. México. Boscá, J.E.; Liern, V.; Martínez, A.; Sala, R. (2003): “Análisis de la eficiencia técnica de los equipos de las ligas de fútbol profesional”. Comunicación presentada al Congresos Mundial de Gestión Económica del Deporte SPORTCONGRESS2003, Barcelona 14-15 de mayo. Boston Consulting Group (1996): Shareholder Value Metrics. Boulier, Bryan L.; Stekler, H.O. (2003): “Predicting the outcomes of National Football League games”. International Journal of Forecasting, 19, pp. 257-270. Buckland, R; Fraser, P. (2001): “Political and regulatory risk in water utilities: beta sensitivity in the United Kingdom”. Journal of Business, Finance & Accounting, 27 (7) & (8), September/October, pp. 877-904. Burnett, Andrew; Rennardson, Ian (2002): In-depth Report Manchester United. Merrill Lynch. BVLP – Sociedade Gestora de Mercados Regulamentados, S.A.(2001): Guia de Admissão em Mercados Regulamentados. Lisboa. Março. Caballer Mellado, Vicente (1998): Métodos de valoración de empresas. Pirámide. Madrid. Calonge, Angel L. (1999): La organización y administración de clubes deportivos. Civitas. Madrid. Campos, Carlos (2002): “Interview with José Ángel Sánchez, Real Madrid Club de Fútbol’s General Marketing Director”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.2.-n.3- pp. 234-242. September. Cañibano, Leandro; Garcia-Ayuso, Manuel; Sanchez, M.Paloma (2000). “La valoración de intangibles: estudios de innovación vs información contable-financiera”. Análisis Financiero nº 80, primer cuatrimestre. Carmichael, F.; Thomas, D. (1993): “Bargaining in the transfer market: theory and evidence”. Applied Economics, 25, pp. 1467-76. Cocco, Angelo; Jones, J.C.H. (1997): “On Going South: the Economics of Survival and Relocation of Small Market NHL Franchises in Canada”, Applied Economics, 29, pp. 1537-1552. Comisión Europea (1998 a): Modelo de Deporte Europeo. Documento de Consulta de la DG X. Comisión Europea (1998 b): Evolución y Perspectivas de la Acción Comunitaria en el Deporte. Documento de trabajo de los Servicios de la Comisión. DG X. Comisión Europea (2000): “Deporte y libre circulación de trabajadores. Asuntos Bosman, Deliège y Lehtonen”. Boletín sobre Libre Circulación y Seguridad Social. Nº 6. Copeland, Tom; Koller, Tim; Murrin, Jack (2000): Valuation. Measuring and Managing the Value of Companies. 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, INC. New York. Crolley, Liz; Levermore, Roger; Pearson, Geoff (2002): “For business or pleasure? A discussion of the impact of European Union law on the economic and socio-cultural aspects of football”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.2 – n.4, pp. 276-295. Crosby, Philip B. (1995): Quality is free: the art of making quality certain. McGraw-Hill. New York. Cueto, Ignacio (1998): “El mercado español ya sabe de fútbol” Revista de la Bolsa de Madrid nº 68, pp 34-40. Cueto, Ignacio (1999): “Fútbol y Bolsa se dan cita en Madrid” Revista de la Bolsa de Madrid nº 81, pp 22-28. Damodaran, Aswath (1996): Investment Valuation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York. Damodaran, Aswath (2001): The dark side of Valuation. Valuing Old Tech, New Tech, and New Economy Companies. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River. Dawson, Peter; Dobson, Stephen; Gerrard, Bill (2000): “Estimating Coaching Efficiency in Professional Team Sports: Evidence from English Association Football”. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 47, No. 4, September, pp. 399-421. De Ruyters, K.; Wetzels, M (2000): “With a little help from my fans – Extending models of pro-social behavior to explain supporters’ intentions to buy soccer club shares” Journal of Economic Psycology 21 pp. 387-409 Deloitte & Touche (1999): Informe Anual 1996/97 sobre las Finanzas en la Primera División del Fútbol en España. Deloitte & Touche. Deloitte & Touche (2000 a): Annual Review of Football Finance, A review of the 1998/1999 season. Deloitte & Touche, august. Deloitte & Touche (2000 b): Informe Anual 1997/98 y 1998/99. Las Finanzas en la Primera División del Fútbol en España. Deloitte & Touche. Deloitte & Touche (2000 c): As Finanças do Futebol Português.Anuario-Época 1998/99 . Deloitte & Touche. Deloitte & Touche (2000 d): England’s Premiere CLubs. Deloitte & Touche, april. Deloitte & Touche (2002): Annual Review of Football Finance, Incorporating England’s Premiere Clubs. Deloitte & Touche, june. Deming, W. Edwards (1989): Calidad, productividad y competitividad: la salida de la crisis. Díaz de Santos. Madrid. Dobson, Stephen; Gerrard, Bill (1997): “Testing for Rent Sharing in Football Transfer Fees: Evidence from English Football League”. Leeds University Business School Discussion Paper E97/03. Dobson, Stephen; Gerrard, Bill; Howe, Simon (2000): “The Determination of Transfer Fees in English Nonleague Football”. Applied Economics, 32, pp. 1145-1152. Dobson, Stephen; Goddard, John (2001 a): The economics of football. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. Dobson, Stephen; Goddard, John (2001 b): “Revenue Divergence and Competitive Balance in a Professional Sports League”. Working Paper en http://econserv2.bess.tcd.ie/DEW/qub1dobson.doc. El Hodiri, M.; Quirk, J. (1971): “An economic model of a profesional sports league”, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 79, pp. 1302-19. Ernst & Young (1992): Transformación de clubes de fútbol y baloncesto en sociedades anónimas deportivas. Civitas. Madrid. Falter, Jean-Marc; Pérignon, Christophe (2000): “Demand for Football and Intra-Match Winning Probability: an Essay on the Glorious Uncertainty of Sports”, Applied Economics, 32, pp. 1757-1765. Fama, E.F., y French, K.R. (1992), “The Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns”. Journal of Finance 47, pg. 427-466. Fama, E.F., y French, K.R. (2003), “The CAPM: Theory and Evidence”, Center for Research in Security Prices (CRSP), University of Chicago, Working Paper No. 550 Faus, Josep y Tàpies, Josep (1996): Finanzas Operativas. IESE. Navarra. Feess, Eberhard; Muehlheusser, Gerd (2003): “Transfer fee regulations in European football”. European Economic Review, 47, pp. 645-668. Feess, Eberhard; Stähler, Frank (2002): “Revenue Sharing in Professional Soccer Leagues”. Communication to 17th Annual Congress EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION. Fernández, Pablo (1999): Valoración de Empresas, Gestión 2000. Barcelona. Fernández, Pablo (2000): “Creación de valor y rentabilidad para los accionistas. El IBEX-35”, Análisis Financiero nº 81 (segundo cuatrimestre) pp. 6-11. Fernández, Pablo (2002 a): “Valuation Using Multiples. How Do Analysts Reach Their Conclusions?”. Research Paper No 450. IESE. Fernández, Pablo (2002 b): “Valuing Companies by Cash Flow Discounting: Ten Methods and Nine Theories”. Research Paper No 451. IESE. Fernández, Pablo (2002 c): “Valuation of Brands and Intellectual Capital”. Research Paper No 456. IESE. Fernández, Pablo (2003): Valoración de empresas. Pendiente de publicación de la 3ª Ed. Revisada y ampliada. Fernández-Jardón, Carlos M.; Cal, Mª Isabel; Verdugo, Mª Victoria (2003): Análisis Metodológico Econométrico de las Decisiones Empresariales en Herbert Simon. Universidade de Vigo. Ferrer, Joan Carles; Lladó, Miquel; Gil Lafuente, Anna Mª; Gil Lafuente, Jaume (2003): “Estudio de la repercusión económica sobre el entorno geográfico de influencia del ascenso de categoría de un club de fútbol”. Comunicación presentada al Congresos Mundial de Gestión Económica del Deporte SPORTCONGRESS2003, Barcelona 14-15 de mayo. FIFA (2000): “Copa Mundial & Televisión” IF-401-3, 03/00. Financial Services Authority (2002): The Listing Rules. London. April. Fizel, J.L.; D’itri, M. (1996): “Estimating managerial efficiency: the case of college basketball coaches”. Journal of Sport Management, 13, pp. 259-279. FTF (1999 a): “Football: Commercial Issues. Report One” A submission by the Football Task Force to the Minister for Sport. FTF (1999 b): “Football: Commercial Issues. Report Two” A submission by the Football Task Force to the Minister for Sport. Fuertes López, Mercedes (1992): Asociaciones y sociedades deportivas. Marcial Pons. Madrid Fuller, Collin W. (2000): “The Role of Risk Management in Reducing Players’ Injuries in Professional Football”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 1999-2000 Season, pp. 55-58. Fundación “La Caixa” (2002): Anuario Económico de España. Barcelona. Fundación “La Caixa” (2003): Anuario Social de España. Barcelona. Galí, Joaquín (1999): “El Coste de Capital”, en Guia de Valoración de Empresas. PriceWaterhouseCoopers. Madrid, pp. 203-227. García, Jaume; Rodríguez, Plácido (2002): “The determinants of football match attendance revisited: empirical evidence from the Spanish Football League”. Journal of Sports Economics, 3 (1), February, pp. 18-38. García, Jaume; Rodríguez, Plácido (2003): “Tv revenues in Spanish football: old solution, new problems”. Comunicación presentada al Congresos Mundial de Gestión Económica del Deporte SPORTCONGRESS2003, Barcelona 14-15 de mayo. Gaviria, Alejandro (2000): “Is Soccer dying? A Time Series Approach”. Applied Economics Letters, 7, pp. 275-278. Gerrard, Bill (2001 a): “A New Approach to Measuring Player and Team Quality in Professional Team Sports”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol. 1 – n. 3. September, pp. 219-234. Gerrard, Bill (2001 b): “A Resource-Allocation Model For Measuring Management Effectiveness In Pro Sports Teams”. Comunicación al 9th EASM Congress, Vitoria-Gasteiz, September, pp. 19-23. Gerrard, Bill (2002 a): “The muscle drain, Coubertobin-type taxes and the international transfer system in Association Footbal”. European Sport Management Quarterly.Vol.2 – n.1, pp. 47-56. March. Gerrard, Bill (2002 b): “Going down, going down, going down: the economics of relegation”. Comunicación al 10th EASM Congress. Jyväskylä, 4-7 Septiembre. Gerrard, Bill; Dobson, Steve (2000): “Testing For Monopoly Rents in the Market for Playing Talent”. Journal of Economic Studies. Vol. 27 – n. 3, pp. 142-164. Gil Lafuente, Anna María; Gómez Rodríguez, Pedro; Lafuente, Amaia; Periañez, Iñaki (2003): “Aplicación del análisis de causalidad al modelo ETR en entidades deportivas”. Comunicación presentada al Congresos Mundial de Gestión Económica del Deporte SPORTCONGRESS2003, Barcelona 14-15 de mayo. Gil Lafuente, Jaime (2003): “Los mejores sistemas de designación arbitral”. Comunicación presentada al Congresos Mundial de Gestión Económica del Deporte SPORTCONGRESS2003, Barcelona 14-15 de mayo. Gómez-Navarro, Javier (1992): “Prólogo” en Transformación de clubes de fútbol y baloncesto en sociedades anónimas deportivas. Ernst & Young (eds.) Civitas. Madrid. Gordon, Mirón; Shapiro, E. (1956): “Capital Equipment Análisis: the required rate of profit”. Management Science, 3 (October), pp. 102-110. Guijaro Martínez, Francisco; Blasco Ruiz, Ana; Rival Sanchís, Fco. Javier; Rodríguez González, José Angel (2000): “Aplicación de Costes Presupuestarios para la Valoración de Marcas de Clubes de Fútbol Españoles”. Comunicación al Congreso ACODI, Octubre. Guzmán Raja, Isidoro; Sánchez Fernández de Valderrama, José Luis; Moreno Rojas, José (2002): “Las Sociedades Anónimas Deportivas ante el Mercado de Capitales: Incidencia de la Activación de Intangibles”. Comunicación al Congreso ASEPUC, Santiago de Compostela, 30-31 Mayo y 1 Junio 2002. Haan, Marco; Koning, Ruud H.; Witteloostuijn, Arjen van (2002): “Market Forces in European Soccer”. Communication to 17th Annual Congress EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION, 25th January . Hand, John R.M. (2001): “Discussion of «Earnings, book values and dividens in equity valuation: an empirical perspective»”. Contemporary Accounting Research. Vol. 18 (1), pp. 121-130. Hoehn, Thomas; Szymanski, Stefan (1999): “The Americanisation of European Football”. Economic Policy, April, pp. 205-240. Howard, Sophie; Sayce, Rhiannon (2002): “Branding, sponsorship and commerce in football”. Sir Norman Chester Centre for Football Research. University of Leicester. Fact Sheet 11, august. Hsieh, S.J.; Jerris, S.; Kross, W. (1999): “Quarterly earnings announcements and market risk adjustments”. Journal of Business, Finance & Accounting, 26 (3) & (4), April/May, pp. 313-336. IMI (2001): “Juventus, the leading brand in Serie A”. Pre-IPO Report. 14 November. INSTITUTO ESPAÑOL DE ANALISTAS FINANCIEROS (1996): Curso de Bolsa y Mercados Financieros. Ariel. Barcelona. Ishikawa, Kaoru (1986): ¿Qué es el control total de calidad?: la modalidad japonesa. Norma. Bogotá. Janssen, Christian; Söderberg, Bo; Zhou, Julie (2001): “Robust estimation of hedonic models of price and income for investment property”. Journal of Property Investment & Finance. Vol. 19 No. 4, pp. 342-360. Jimeno de la Maza, Francisco Javier; Redondo Cristóbal, Mercedes (2002): “Valoración de Recursos Humanos en Sociedades Anónimas Deportivas. Especial Referencia a los Gastos de Formación”. Comunicación al Congreso ASEPUC, Santiago de Compostela, 30-31 Mayo y 1 Junio 2002. Kane, John E. (2000): “Sports Team Valuation and Venue Feasability” en The handbook of business valuation, R. Reilly y R. Schweihs (eds.), McGraw-Hill, New York. Kesenne, Stefan (2002): “The monopsonistic player labour market in a win-maximising league”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.2 – n.3, pp. 180-187. Kisor, M. Jr. y Whitbeck, V.S. (1963): “A new tool in investment decision-making”. Financial Analysts Journal ,19: 55-62. Koning, Ruud H.; Geert Ridder, Michael Koolhaas; Renes, Gusta (2001): “Simulation Model for Soccer Championships”, University of Groningen, SOM Research Reports 01A66. Kothary, S. P.; Shanken, Jay; Sloan, Richard G. (1995), “Another look at the Cross-section of Expected stock Returns”, Journal of Finance 50, pp. 185-224. LEV, Baruc. (1996). “The Boundaries of Financial Reporting and how to extend them”. Working paper. University of California Berkeley. August. Lintner, John. (1965), “The Valuation of Risk Assets and the Selection of Risky Investments in Stock Portfolios and Capital Budgets”, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 47, pp. 13-37. LNFP (2000): Un Gol al Futuro. Claves del Fútbol Profesional para el Siglo XXI. Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional. Madrid. LNFP (2002): Memoria de la Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional. Temporada 2001/2002. London Stock Exchange (2000): Admission and Disclosure Standards. London. May. London Stock Exchange (2001): AIM. The international market for growing companies. London. April. Magaz González, Ana Maria (2002): “Los Resultados del Sector de Fútbol Profesional”. Comunicación al Congreso Científico Internacional de Fútbol Salamanca 2002. Mayo. Marques, Antonio (2002): “Competitive balance in the Portuguese premiere league of professional soccer”. Working Papers in Economics. RePEc:wpa:wuwpio:0211025. Mayor, Pablo; Arnaldo, Enrique.; del Campo, Carlos. (coord) (1997): Régimen Jurídico del Fútbol Profesional,. Civitas. Madrid. McArdle, David (2002): “Ignoring the inevitable: reflections on the intervention of the English courts in football’s contract disputes”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.2 – n.4, pp. 264-275. McCrae, M.; Nilsson, H. (2001), “The explanatory and predictive power of different specifications of the Olhson (1995) valuation models”. The European Accounting Review, October, pp. 315-341. McCutcheon, J. Paul (2002): “Free movement in European sport”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.2 – n.4, pp. 308-320. McElgunn, Jim (2002): “The Sports Bubble”. Marketing Magazine. Oct, 14, 2002. McTaggart, J.M.; Kontes, P.W.; Makins, M.C. (1994): The Value Imperative. The Free Press. Meenaghan, Tony (1983): “Commercial sponsorship”. European Journal of Marketing. Vol. 17. pp. 1-73. Meenaghan, Tony (1991): “The role of sponsorship in the marketing communication mix”. International Journal of Advertising. Vol. 10. pp. 35-47. Meenaghan, Tony (1999): “Commercial sponsorship: the development of understanding”. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship. Vol. 1. pp. 19-31. Mellor, Gavin (2000): “The Rise of the Reds: an Historical Analysis of Manchester United as a Super-Club”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 1999-2000 Season, pp. 18-21. Mellor, Gavin (2001): “Can we have our fans back now? Football, community and the historical struggles of small-town clubs”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 2000-2001 Season, pp. 34-37. Menéndez Menéndez, Adolfo (1992): “Principios fundamentales de las nuevas Sociedades Anónimas Deportivas” en Transformación de clubes de fútbol y baloncesto en sociedades anónimas deportivas. Ernst & Young (eds.) Civitas. Madrid. Merton, Robert C (1990), Continuous-Time Finance. Basil Blackwell. Moreno, José; Serrano, Francisco (2002): “La activación de los derechos de formación de jugadores en las Sociedades Anónimas Deportivas. Una propuesta a la luz de la nueva normativa FIFA”. Revista de la Asociación Española de Contabilidad y Administración de Empresas. Mayo-Agosto, pp. 33-38. Moreno, José; Serrano, Francisco (2003): “Activos intangibles generados por las compañías deportivas profesionales: propuesta de valoración basada en la regulación federativa internacional”. Comunicación presentada a las III Jornadas de Teoría de la Contabilidad. Madrid, 9 de mayo, pp. 57-79. Morrow, S. (1999): The new bussines of Football: Accountability and Finance in Football. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills. Mossin, Jan. (1966), “Equilibrium in a Capital Asset Market”, Econometrica vol. 34, pp. 768-783. Murphy, Patrick (1998): “Leagues with Hidden Depths: Exploring Inter-seasonal Patterns in Team Performance”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 1997-98 Season, pp. 13-16. Murphy, Patrick (1999 a): “Banking on Success: Examining the Links Between Performance and the Increasing Concentration of Wealth in English Elite Football”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 1998-99 Season, pp. 37-44. Murphy, Patrick (1999 b): “For Richer, for Poorer North of the Border: Examining the Link Between Resources and Performance in Scottish Elite Football”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 1998-99 Season, pp. 45-49. Murphy, Patrick (2001): “Developing football talent”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 2000-01 Season, pp. 22-28. Noll, Roger G. (2002): “The Economics of Promotion and Relegation in Sports Leagues: The Cases of English Football”. Journal of Sport Economics; 3(2), May, pp. 169-203. Ohlson, James A. (1995): “Earnings, books values, and dividends in security valuation; an empirical perspective”. Contemporary Accounting Research. Vol. 11 (2), pp. 661-687. Ohlson, James A. (2000): “Earnings, book values and dividens in equity valuation: an empirical perspective”. Contemporary Accounting Research. Vol. 18 (1), pp. 107-120. Olkkonen, Rami (2001): “Case study: the network approach to international sport sponsorship arrangement”. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 309-329. Ordóñez, Celia (2002): “Registro contable de pagos a deportistas según la adaptación sectorial del P.G.C. a S.A. deportivas”. Partida Doble, nº 133, mayo, pp. 18-27. Palacios-Huerta, Ignacio (2002): “Structural Breaks During a Century of the World’s Most Popular Sport”, Working Paper, Brown University, March. Palomar Olmeda, Alberto; Descalzo González, Antonio (2001): Los Derechos de Imagen en el Ámbito del Deporte Profesional. Dykinson. Madrid. Palomino, Frederic; Rigotti, Luca (2000 a): “Competitive Balance vs Incentives to Win: a Theoretical Analysis of Revenue Sharing”. Working Papers in Economics. RePEc:ecm:wc2000:0930. Palomino, Frederic; Rigotti, Luca (2000 b): “The Sport League’s Dilema: Competitive Balance versus Incentives to Win”. Working Papers in Economics. RePEc:wpa:wwwpio:0012003. Palomino, Frederic; Sákovics, József (2000): “Revenue sharing in professional sports leagues: for the sake of competitive balance or as a result of monopsony power?”. Working Paper in Economics. RePEc:dgr:kubcen:2000110. Parrish, Richard (2002): “Judicial intervention and sporting autonomy: defining the territories of European Union involvement in sport”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.2 – n.4, pp. 298-307. Peters, Tom; Waterman, Robert H. (1984): En busca de la excelencia. Folio. Barcelona. Pisón Fernández, Irene (2001): Dirección y gestión financiera de la empresa. Pirámide. Madrid. Pons, Jean-Francois (1999): “Sport and European Competition Policy”. Twenty-sixth Annual Conference on International Antitrust Law & Policy. New York, 14-15 October 1999. Porter, Philip K. (1992): “The role of the fan in professional baseball” en Diamonds are forever: the business of baseball. Sommers, Paul (ed.). Brookings. Washington. Rappaport, Alfred. (1986): Creating Shareholder Value. The Free Press. Renneboog, Luc; Vanbrabant, Peter (2000): “Share price reactions to sporty performances of soccer clubs listed on the London Stock Exchange and the AIM”. Center for Economic Research No. 2000-19, February. Roderick, Martin (2001): “The role of agents in professional football”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 2000-2001 Season, pp. 13-16. Rojo, A.; Sierra, M.; Nieto, F.J. (1999). “Los intangibles a través del ratio valor mercado/valor contable en la Unión Europea”. X Congreso AECA, Zaragoza, septiembre de 1999. Rottemberg, Simon (1956): “The baseball player’s labour market”. Journal of Political Economy, 64, pp. 242-258. Sánchez Toledano, Daniel (2002): Cálculo de Costes en Clubes de Fútbol y otras Entidades Deportivas. Ediciones Deusto. Bilbao. Scully, Gerald W. (1974): “Pay and performance in Major League Baseball”. American Economic Review, 64, pp. 915-930. Segovia San Juan, Ana Isabel (2000): “Aspectos destacables de la nueva adaptación sectorial del Plan General de Contabilidad a las Sociedades Anónimas Deportivas”, Técnica Contable nº 624, diciembre, pp. 873-900. Sharpe, William (1964): “Capital asset prices: a theory of market equilibrium under conditions of risk”. The Journal of Finance, nº 3, Vol. XIX, September, pp. 425-442. Simmons, Rob (2001): “Making sense of the FIFA/UEFA proposals to reform the football transfer system”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 2000-2001 Season, pp. 8-12. Simon, Herbert A. (1997): Models of Bounded Rationality. Vol. 3: Empirically Grounded Economic Reason. The MIT Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Sloane, Peter (1971): “The economics of professional football: the football club as a utility maximiser”. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 17, pp.121-146. Smith, Sir John (1997): “Football, Its Values, Finances and Reputation”. Informe para la Football Association. Stead, David (1999): “The Bosman Legacy”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 1998-1999 Season, pp. 23-26. Stewart III, G. B. (1991): The quest for value. Harper Collins. New York. Szymanski, Stefan (2001): “Income Inequality, Competitive Balance and the Attractiveness of Team Sports: Some Evidence and a Natural Experiment from English Soccer”. The Economic Journal, 111, February, pp. 69-84. Szymanski, Stefan; Kuypers, Tim (1999): Winners and Losers: The Business Strategy of Football. Penguin, Harmondsworth. Termes, Rafael (1998): Inversión y coste de capital. McGraw-Hill. Madrid. Tros de Ylarduya, Javier (2001): “La cláusula de rescisión en el contrato del deportista profesional”. Tesis doctoral. Facultad de Derecho. Universidad de Navarra. Tukey, John Wilder (1977): Exploratory data analysis. Addison-Wesley. Massachusetts. Veblen, Thorstein (1966): Teoría de la Clase Ociosa. Fondo de Cultura Económica. 2ª Ed., México. Vrooman, John (1995): “A General Theory of Professional Sports Leagues”, Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 61, pp. 971-990. Waddington, Ivan (1998): “No Pain, No Game. Injuries in professional Football”, Singer & Friedlander. Review 1997-98 Season, pp. 3-5. Williams, John; Neatrour, Sam (2002): “The new football economics”. Sir Norman Chester Centre for Football Research. University of Leicester. Fact Sheet 10, march. Ximénez de Sandoval, José Luis (2003): “El efecto lunes: correlación entre resultado deportivo y cotización bursátil”. Comunicación al Congreso Mundial de Gestión Económica del Deporte, Barcelona, 14 al 16 de mayo de 2003. Yoo, Seung-Hoon (2001): “A robust estimation of hedonic price models: least absolute deviations estimation”. Applied Economic Letters, 8, pp. 55-58. Young, S. David; O’Byrne, Stephen F. (2001): EVA and Value-Based Management. McGraw-Hill. New York. Zubizarreta, José Miguel; Lucas, Alberto; Samper, Juan Antonio (1997): “La relación laboral especial de los deportistas profesionales” en Régimen Jurídico del Fútbol Profesional, Mayor, P; Arnaldo, E.; del Campo, C. (coord). Civitas. Madrid. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/13158 |