An exploratory research on income dynamics, inequality, determinants & policy implications for sustainable livelihoods of tribal community in eastern India

Meena, M.S. and Singh, K.M. and Singh, R.K.P. and Kumar, Anjani and Kumar, Abhay (2016): An exploratory research on income dynamics, inequality, determinants & policy implications for sustainable livelihoods of tribal community in eastern India.

Abstract

A village level in-depth study was undertaken to measure the income dynamics, inequality, determinants, and policy implications for sustainable livelihoods of tribal households in Jharkhand. Data were solicited from 160 households during 2011-12. Study shows vast gap in annual income of tribal households i.e. 8,493, while non-farm activities dominated (37.19 to 63.67%) over other sources. Highest income inequality observed among labour class (Gini ratio 0.55). Study reveals that education, family size, non-farming income and adoption of high yielding varieties were found main income determinants. Study has important policy implications; need to generate more non-farm incomes through public works that could lead the better infrastructure facilities and rural livelihoods. Providing labour opportunities outside agricultural activities can serve manifolds, and trim down income inequalities. Livestock sector could be revived through technical interventions from research institutes, state agricultural universities & line departments. However, education could be an instrument for reducing inequality & poverty among tribes.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Income dynamics, income inequality, income determinants, tribal community, eastern India.
• Subjects: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O1 - Economic Development > O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products; O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights > O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes; O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity > O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth ; Aggregate Productivity ; Cross-Country Output Convergence; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q1 - Agriculture > Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services

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