Paradigm Shift in Development Economics: Deconstructing Bangladesh's Transition from Fragility to Sustainable Growth Through Institutional, Demographic and Policy Innovations

Rahman Mohon, Anisur and Yeamin Ahmed, Javed and Sen, Topon (2025): Paradigm Shift in Development Economics: Deconstructing Bangladesh's Transition from Fragility to Sustainable Growth Through Institutional, Demographic and Policy Innovations.

Abstract

This paper undertakes an in-depth exploration of the multifaceted economic and socio-political forces that have catalyzed Bangladesh’s progression from the stagnation and institutional fragility characteristic of its pre-independence and post-conflict phases to its current status as a resilient and steadily advancing South Asian economy. The country's journey from a devastated, least-developed nation to one on the cusp of achieving upper-middle-income status exemplifies a dynamic model of structural transformation. This analytical discourse focuses on macroeconomic restructuring, investment and trade liberalization, innovations in agricultural technologies, and the stabilizing influence of diaspora remittances. From a broader socio-economic lens, the study evaluates pivotal themes such as demographic transitions, educational advancement, public health outcomes, gender equity, and the socio-spatial dynamics of rapid urbanization. Moreover, the research critically interrogates persistent developmental bottlenecks—namely poverty, inequality, ecological vulnerabilities, and institutional inefficiencies—while emphasizing the centrality of digital and technological integration to future progress. Through this comprehensive synthesis, the paper elucidates the strategic policy interventions instrumental in facilitating Bangladesh’s growth trajectory and proposes future pathways for sustaining its momentum.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Politics; Policy Innovations; Institutional Quality; Demography; Investment
• Subjects: A - General Economics and Teaching > A2 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics; B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches > B4 - Economic Methodology; E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics > E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy; E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics > E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook > E61 - Policy Objectives ; Policy Designs and Consistency ; Policy Coordination; G - Financial Economics > G2 - Financial Institutions and Services

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