Economic Development, Technological Change and Growth

Attia, Sayed Moawad (2008): Economic Development, Technological Change and Growth.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to track the development process in Egypt since the early sixties. The paper starts with the broad definition of the development and its goals, then it evolves to the stages of development in Egypt since the first five years plan (1960-1965) passing by the open door policy in the 70s , and the hard times of the economy at the 80s and economic reform program at the early 90s until 2004. Furthermore, the paper gives a deep concern to the issue of poverty in Egypt with an emphasis on the impact of the development at different stages on the poor in Egypt. A brief handling of the policies adopted to reduce the burden on the low income strata of the society and why these policies were not so effective. The paper is looking for changing the narrow definition of the poverty which is commonly referred to only as income poverty. Islamic vision of combating poverty is discussed with the emphasis on the fact that Islamic Religion considers work as the basic and sole way to combat poverty. Other Islamic policies are basically targeting the widows, orphans, elderly, and handicapped people. A reference to some examples from the Qur’an and Hadith were given to show to what extent Islam is giving poverty problem the due concern. The role of the informal sector as an avenue that can participate in eradicating poverty and the efforts needed from the government to make it positively involved in the development process and accordingly get rid of the poverty. A policy recommendation is introduced in order to formulate a set of ideas that the student sees them necessary to reach a comprehensive solution to the poverty problem in Egypt.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• English Title: Economic Developmnet, Technological Change and Growth
• Language: English
• Keywords: Developmnet, poverty, informal sector, inequality
• Subjects: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O1 - Economic Development; O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O3 - Innovation ; Research and Development ; Technological Change ; Intellectual Property Rights

References

1. Todaro.P, Michal, “economic development", six edition, pp16-18.

2. Tschirgi, Dan, “Development in the age of liberalization" Egypt and Mexico, pp6,7.

3. Abdel Razik, Shereen, " in the stalled lane", Al Ahram weekly, issue no925, 4-10 December 2008.

4. Wilber , Charles.K, "The Political economy of development and underdevelopment" third edition ,p11.

5. Butros, Saleb, " Dialogue around economic development with W.W Rostow" translated from Arabic.

6. Handoussa, Heba, “Crisis and challenge, prospects for the 1990s"pp3,4.

7. Lofgren , Han," Egypt's Program for stabilization and structural adjustmnet , pp20-21.

8. Parfitt, Trevor, " The Politics of adjustmnet in Africa with special referrence to Egypt" p14.

9. Mostafa Hassanin, Mahassen: Egypt : apoverty Profile. natioanl NGO commssion for population and development.

10. Gala, Ahmed , 2003,social expenditure and the poor in Egypt" workin paper no89 ECES , Cairo , Egypt.

11.Selim, Tarek H. 2008," The Education Market In Egypt: a game theory approach' working paper no 422, ERF, Egypt.

12. Sach, Jeffery,2005 " The End of poverty, how can we make it happen in our lifetime".

13. Karadawi, Yosuf, 2008" the problem of poverty and how combated by Islam" translated from Arabic.

14.Othman Alhabashi, Sayed, " solving absolute poverty using answers found in religion".

15.Kheir El Din, Hanaa and El -Laithy , Heba," An assessment of Growth , Distribution and poverty in Egypt:1999/91-91-2004/05" ECES, Woeking Paper No 115, December 2006.

16. Kappel , Robert and Ishengoma Esther K." Economic Growth and poverty : does formalization of informal sector matter ?.MPRA, 2006.

17. Anderson , Martin and Gunnarson, Christor,2002 " Development and Structural Change in Asia-pacific, a globalizing miracle or end of a model".

18. Attia, sayed ,2008, " poverty eradication in Egypt" Al Ahram Weekly , issue no 921, 6-12Dec.