Doerner, William M. and Doerner, William G. (2010): Police Accreditation and Clearance Rates. Published in: Policing: An International Journal , Vol. 1, No. 35 (2012): pp. 6-24.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_86547.pdf Download (446kB) | Preview |
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether accredited police agencies display higher clearance rates than their non-accredited counterparts. The study group consists of all municipal police departments operating continuously in the State of Florida from 1997 through 2006. Independent variables capture organizational characteristics for nearly 260 agencies to determine whether becoming accredited improves clearance rates. Random-effects tobit analysis suggests that accreditation status does not affect violent and property crime clearance rates. Clearance rates are more influenced by the number of sworn personnel and law enforcement expenditures per capita. Instead of advancing the protection of local communities and bringing about meaningful organizational reform, accreditation appears to be a useful tool for bureaucrats who wish to further their own careers.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Police Accreditation and Clearance Rates |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | Police, Accreditation, Innovation, Police reform, Performance management |
Subjects: | H - Public Economics > H4 - Publicly Provided Goods > H40 - General H - Public Economics > H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations > H76 - State and Local Government: Other Expenditure Categories K - Law and Economics > K0 - General Z - Other Special Topics > Z0 - General |
Item ID: | 86547 |
Depositing User: | Dr. William Doerner |
Date Deposited: | 10 May 2018 13:21 |
Last Modified: | 29 Sep 2019 01:04 |
References: | Addington, L.A. (2006), “Using national incident-based reporting system murder data to evaluate clearance predictors: a research note”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 140-52. Alderden, M.A. and Lavery, T.A. (2007), “Predicting homicide clearances in Chicago: investigating disparities in predictors across different types of homicide”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 115-32. Allison, S.F.H., Schuck, A.M. and Lersch, K.M. (2005), “Exploring the crime of identity theft: prevalence, clearance rates, and victim/offender characteristics”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 33 No. 1, pp. 19-29. Borg, M.J. and Parker, K.F. (2001), “Mobilizing law in urban areas: the social structure of homicide clearance rates”, Law & Society Review, Vol. 35 No. 2, pp. 435-66. Briggs, S. J., Zhao, J., Wilson, S. and Ren, L. (2008), “The effect of collective bargaining on large police agency supplemental compensation polices: 1990-2000”, Police Practice and Research, Vol. No. 3, pp. 227–38. Burlingame, D. and Baro, A.L. (2005), “Women’s representation and status in law enforcement: does CALEA involvement make a difference?”, Criminal Justice Policy Review, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 391-411. Carter, D.L. and Sapp, A.D. (1994), “Issues and perspectives of law enforcement accreditation: a national study of police chiefs”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 195-204. Cloninger, D.O. and Sartorius, L.C. (1979), “Crime rates, clearance rates and enforcement effort: the case of Houston, Texas”, American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 38 No. 4, pp. 389-402. Commission for Florida Law Enforcement Accreditation, Inc. (2008), Standards Manual Edition 4.0, Commission for Florida Law Enforcement Accreditation, Inc., Orlando, available at: www.flaccreditation.org/standards.htm, (accessed June 16, 2010). Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Inc.(2000), Annual Report 1999, CALEA, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/Online/AnnualReports/1999AnnualRpt.pdf (accessed June 15, 2010). Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (2009a), “Fall 2009 conference”, Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/Online/NewsRelease/newsrelease11042009.htm (accessed June 16, 2010). Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Inc. (2009b), Annual Report 2008, CALEA, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/Online/AnnualReports/ AnnualRepprt2008.pdf (accessed June 15, 2010). Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Inc. (2010), “Police accreditation coalitions (PACs)”, CALEA, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/Online/Clients/ PACList.htm (accessed June 15, 2010). Cordner, G.W. and Williams, G.L. (1995), “Community policing and accreditation: a content analysis of CALEA standards”, Police Forum, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 1-10. Cotter, J.V. (1983), “Law enforcement accreditation: a big step toward professionalism”, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, Vol. 52 No. 9, pp. 19-23. Davies, H. J. (2007), “Understanding variations in murder clearance rates: the influence of the political environment”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 133-50. Doerner, W.G. and Doerner, W.M. (2009), “The diffusion of accreditation among Florida police agencies”, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 32 No. 4, pp. 781-98. DuPont, J.F. (1993), “Law enforcement accreditation: the desirable future or just another passing phase?”, available at: www.fdle.state.fl.us/Content/getdoc/728ffe3d-02fb-4761-aa7c-25805a62645d/DuPont.aspx (accessed June 16, 2010). Florida Department of Law Enforcement (2008a), Uniform Crime Reports Guide Manual, Tallahassee, Florida Department of Law Enforcement. Florida Department of Law Enforcement (2008b), 2007 Criminal Justice Agency Profile Report, Tallahassee, Florida Department of Law Enforcement. Florida Legislative Committee on Intergovernmental Relations (2009), Expenditures and Revenues Reported by Florida’s Local Governments, Florida Department of Financial Services, available at: www.floridalcir.gov/fiscal.cfm (accessed June 16, 2010). Gingerich, T.E. and Russell, G.D. (2006). “Accreditation and community policing: are they neutral, hostile, or synergistic? An empirical test among street cops and management cops.” Justice Policy Journal 3:1-28. Hougland, S.M. and Mesloh, C. (2005), “Reliability of risk management data in measuring police performance: an initial empirical analysis”, Law Enforcement Executive Forum, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 45-51. Jang, H., Hoover, L.T. and Lawton, B.A. (2008), “Effect of broken windows enforcement on clearance rates”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 36 No. 6, pp. 529-38. Jarvis, J.P. and Regoeczi, W.C. (2009), “Homicides clearances: an analysis of arrest versus exceptional outcomes”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 174-88. Johnson, L.M. (n.d.), “Case number 62: incident command system protocols used in locating suspect”, Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/Online/newsletter/No93/aw62.htm (accessed June 15, 2010). Keel, T.G., Jarvis, J.P. and Muirhead, Y.E. (2009), “An exploratory analysis of factors affecting homicide investigations: examining the dynamics of murder clearance rates”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 50-68. Keesling, J.J. (1999), “Case #17: roadmap to technology improvement”, Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/ Online/Accreditationworks/case17.htm (accessed June 16, 2010). Kurz, D.L. and Kelly, S.F. (2005), “Accreditation and the smaller police agency”, Law Enforcement Executive Forum, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 33-38. Lee, C. (2005), “The value of life in death: multiple regression and event history analyses of homicide clearance in Los Angeles County”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 33 No. 6, pp. 527-34. Litwin, K.J. (2004), “A multilevel multivariate analysis of factors affecting homicide clearances”, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Vol. 41 No. 4, pp. 327-51. Litwin, K.J. and Xu, Y. (2007), “The dynamic nature of homicide clearances: a multilevel model comparison of three time periods”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 94-114. Mastrofski, S.D. (1986), “Police agency accreditation: the prospects of reform”, American Journal of Police, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 45-81. McCabe, K.A. and Fajardo, R.G. (2001), Law enforcement accreditation: a national comparison of accredited vs. nonaccredited agencies”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 29 No. 2, pp. 127-31. Olsen, M.K. and Schafer, J.L. (2001), “A two-part random-effects model for semicontinuous longitudinal data”, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 96 No. 254, pp.730-745. Ousey, G.C. and Lee, M.R. (2010), “To know the unknown: the decline in homicide clearance rates, 1980–2000", Criminal Justice Review, Vol. 35 No. 2, pp. 141-58. Paré, P., Felson, R.B. and Ouimet, M. (2007), “Community variation in crime clearance: a multilevel analysis with comments on assessing police performance”, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Vol. 23 No. 3, pp. 243-58. Puckett, J.L. and Lundman, R.J. (2003), “Factors affecting homicide clearances: multivariate analysis of a more complete conceptual framework”, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Vol. 40 No. 2, pp. 171-93. Reaves, B.A. (2007), Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies, 2004, US Department of Justice, Washington, DC, available at: www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/ csllea04.pdf (accessed March 2, 2009). Regoeczi, W.C., Jarvis, J. and Riedel, M. (2008), “Clearing murders: is it about time?”, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Vol. 45 No. 2, pp. 142-62. Riedel, M. and Boulahanis, J.G. (2007), “Homicides exceptionally cleared and cleared by arrest: an exploratory study of police/prosecutor outcomes”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 151-64. Roberts, A. (2008), “The influences of incident and contextual characteristics on crime clearance of nonlethal violence: a multilevel event history analysis”, Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 61-71. Roberts, A. and Lyons, C.J. (2009), “Victim-offender racial dyads and clearance of lethal and nonlethal assault”, Homicide Studies, Vol. 46 No. 3, pp. 301-26. Seebacher, M. (n.d.), “Case number 50: the value of crime analysis”, Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/Online/ newsletter/No87/aw50.htm (accessed on June 16, 2010). Shearer, J. (n.d.), “Accreditation works: case number 74: compliance with ‘cold case’ standards results in arrest”, Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, Fairfax, VA, available at: www.calea.org/Online/newsletter/No100/aw74.htm (accessed June 16, 2010). Southerland, M.D., Merlo, A.V., Robinson, L, Benekos, P.J. and Albanese, J.S. (2007), “Ensuring quality in criminal justice education: academic standards and the re-emergence of accreditation”, Journal of Criminal Justice Education, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 87-105. Taylor, T.J., Holleran, D. and Topalli, V. (2009), “Racial bias in case processing: does victim race affect police clearance of violent crime incidents?”, Justice Quarterly, Vol. 26 No. 3, pp. 562-91. Thrasher, P.A. (1979), “Accreditation: a perspective”, The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 50 No. 2, pp. 115-20. Wellford, C. and Cronin, J. (1999), An Analysis of Variables Affecting the Clearance of Homicides: A Multistate Study, Washington, D.C., Justice Research and Statistics Association. Xu, Y. (2008), “Characteristics of homicide events and the decline in homicide clearance: a longitudinal approach to the dynamic relationship, Chicago 1966–1995”, Criminal Justice Review, Vol. 33 No. 4, pp. 453-79. Wilson, S., Zhao, J., Ren, L. and Briggs, S. (2006), “The influence of collective bargaining on large police agency salaries: 1990–2000”, American Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 19–34. Wooldridge, J. M. (2009), Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason, OH. Zhao, J. and Lovrich, N. (1997), “Collective bargaining and the police: the consequences for supplemental compensation policies in large agencies”, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 20 No. 3, pp. 508–18. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/86547 |