Un estudio acerca de los determinantes de la productividad y la ineficiencia técnica en la industria colombiana, 1992-2007

Loaiza Quintero, Osmar Leandro and Franco Vásquez, Liliana Yaned (2012): Un estudio acerca de los determinantes de la productividad y la ineficiencia técnica en la industria colombiana, 1992-2007.

Abstract

The aim of this article is to estimate the determinants of industrial productivity growth in Colombia’s regions. In this regard, we follow to Kumbhakar and Lovell (2000), who decompose total factor productivity growth into three sources: technical change, scale economies and technical efficiency. To this end, a stochastic frontier model, similar to that of Battese and Coelli (1995), is estimated. This model allow to associate technical efficiency to a set of explanatory variables. This way, the Battese and Coelli’s model allows to get a deeper understanding of the causes of productivity growth. This article finds that throughout the period 1992-1999, productivity growth is mainly explained by an increase in technical efficiency, due to the softening of Colombia’s foreign trade restrictions. However, throughout the period 2000-2007, productivity growth is mainly explained by technical change, which possibly related to the increase in foreign investment and to tax deductions to foster the imports of capital goods.

Este trabajo se propone estimar los determinantes del crecimiento de la productividad industrial en los departamentos de Colombia. En particular, siguiendo a Kumbhakar y Lovell (2000), se descompone la productividad total factorial en tres elementos: cambio técnico, economías de escala y eficiencia técnica. Con este fin, se estima un modelo de frontera estocástica siguiendo la propuesta de Battese y Coelli (1995). Este modelo permite, además, asociar la eficiencia técnica con un conjunto de variables explicativas. De esta forma, el modelo de Battese y Coelli (1995) permite ahondar en los determinantes de la PTF. Se encuentra que en el periodo 1992-1999 el aumento de la productividad puede ser atribuido principalmente al aumento en la eficiencia técnica, debido a la mayor exposición de la industria nacional a la competencia extranjera por la disminución de las barreras arancelarias. Por el contrario, en el periodo 2000-2007, el crecimiento de la productividad puede ser atribuido principalmente al cambio técnico, posiblemente asociado al incremento de la inversión extranjera y los incentivos tributarios a la importación de bienes de capital.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• English Title: Determinants of productivity and technical inefficiency in Colombia’s manufacturing, 1992-2007
• Language: Spanish
• Keywords: Stochastic frontier, total factor productivity, technical efficiency, manufacturing industry. Frontera estocástica, productividad total factorial, eficiencia técnica, industria manufacturera.
• Subjects: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods > C3 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models ; Multiple Variables > C33 - Panel Data Models ; Spatio-temporal Models; D - Microeconomics > D2 - Production and Organizations > D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital ; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity ; Capacity; L - Industrial Organization > L6 - Industry Studies: Manufacturing > L60 - General

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