Capital humain, productivité manufacturière et croissance économique dans les pays de l’UEMOA

NAPO, Fousséni (2018): Capital humain, productivité manufacturière et croissance économique dans les pays de l’UEMOA.

Abstract

The objective of this work is to analyze the relationship between human capital and productivity in manufacturing industries, by studying their direct link to economic growth. Based on annual data from the countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), taken between 2000 and 2016, we apply the Pooled Mean Group method for our estimates. The results show that productivity in manufacturing industries is unlikely to support sustainable economic growth through human capital. In this respect, the increase in tertiary and secondary enrolment rates and the quality of training will have a positive impact on manufacturing production and economic growth. Since public spending on education is low, it has a perverse effect on manufacturing productivity. But increasing public spending on education would mitigate this perverse effect.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• English Title: Human capital, manufacturing productivity and economic growth in WAEMU countries
• Language: French
• Keywords: Industrial development, human capital, public expenditure and education, Africa.
• Subjects: H - Public Economics > H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies > H52 - Government Expenditures and Education; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor > J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity; O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O1 - Economic Development > O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology; O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O5 - Economywide Country Studies > O55 - Africa

References

Acemoglu D., Aghion P. et Zilibotti F. (2006), “Appropriate Institutions for Economic Growth”, Journal of the European Economic Association, vol. 4, n° 1, pp. 37-74.

Aghion P. et Howitt P. (1992), “A Model of Growth through Creative Destruction”, Econometrica, vol. 60, n° 2, pp. 473-494.

Aghion P. et Howitt P. (1998), “Endogeneous Growth Theory”, MIT Press, Cambridge.

Aghion P. et Howitt P. (2005), “Growth with Quality-Improving Innovations : an Integrated Framework”, Dans

Aghion P. et Durlauf S. (eds), Handbook of Economic Growth, North

Aghion P. et Howitt P. (2008), “The Economics of Growth”, MIT Press, Cambridge. d, Amsterdam.

Altinok N. et A. Aydemir (2017), “Does one size fit all ? The impact of cognitive skills on economic growth”, Papier de recherche de l’AFD, No. 45, Agence Française de Développement.

BAfD/OCDE/PNUD (2017), “Perspectives économiques en Afrique 2017 : entrepreneuriat et industrialisation”, Editions de l’OCDE, Paris, www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigend a.htm

Bai Jushan et Ng Serena (2004), “A panic attack on unit roots and cointegration”, Econometrica, vol. 72, N° 4, july 2004, 1127-1177.

Barro R. J. et J. W. Lee, (1993), "Losers and Winners in Economic Growth", NBER, Working Paper n°4341, 40 p

Barro R. J. and X. Sala-i-Martin. (1995). “Economic Growth”. New York, McGraw Hill.

Becker G.S. (1964), “Human Capital”, Colombia University press for the National Bureau of Economic Research, New York..

Blomström M. et Kokko A. (2003), “the economics of foreign direct investment incentives” The research reported here is part of the NBER program in International Studies. Working Paper 9489, http://www.nber.org/papers/w9489

Bourdon J., (1999), "La rentabilité de l’investissement éducatif : un concept de référence dans une réalité changeante ? ", In Administrer, gérer, évaluer les systèmes éducatifs, J.J. Paul ed., ESF éditeur, Paris, pp. 215- 248.

Breitung, J. (2005), “A parametric approach to the estimation of cointegration vectors in panel data”, Econometric Reviews, pp. 151-174

Caves R.E. (1974), “Multinational Firms, Competition, and Productivity in Host-Country Markets”. Economica, 41, 176-193.

Chenery H.B., Robinson, S. and Syrquin, M. (1986), “Industrialization and Growth: A Comparative Study”. Washington: World Bank.

Choi Byeongwook (2002), “Numerical Methods for the Valuation of American Options under Jump-Diffusion Processes”, Doctorat degree, Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin.

Christophe Hurlin et Valérie Mignon (2006), “Une Synthèse des Tests de Cointégration sur Données de Panel”, Document de recherche du LEO - DR LEO 2006-12. 2006, PP. 36.

Démurger S. (1996a) “Ouverture et croissance industrielle des vielle Chinoises”, Revue Economique, vol. 47, n°3, mai.

Dickey David A. and Fuller Wayne A. (1979), “Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series With a Unit Root ”, Journal of the American Statistical Association Vol. 74, No. 366 (Jun., 1979), pp. 427-431.

Diarra (2008), “le rôle du capital humain dans la stratégie d’industrialisation en Corée du sud et au mali : une étude comparée ”, Centre d’Analyse Économique (CAE), Université Paul Cézanne, Aix Marseille III, pp 21.

Engle R.F. et Granger C.W.J. (1987), ”Co-Integration and Error Correction : Representation, Estimation and Testing”, Econometrica 55, pp 251-276.

Gemmell N. (1996). “Evaluating the Impacts of Human Capital Stocks and Accumulation on Economic Growth: Some New Evidence”. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 58: 9-28.

Granger C.W.J. et Newbold, P. (1974), “Spurious regressions in econometrics”, Journal of Econometrics, 2, pp. 111-120.

Groen J.J.J. et Kleibergen, F. (2003), “Likelihood-based cointegration analysis in panels of vector error correction models ”, Journal of Busines and Economic Statistics, 21(2), pp. 295-318.

Guillaumin C. (2008), "(A) symétrie et convergence des chocs macroéconomiques en Asie de l'Est: une analyse dynamique", Economie Internationale, vol. 114 (2), pp. 29-68. Im K.S., Pesaran, M.H. et Shin, Y. (1997), “Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogenous Panels,” DAE, Working Paper 9526, University of Cambridge.

Im K.S., Pesaran, M.H. et Shin, Y. (2002), “Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogenous Panels”, revised version of the DAE, Working Paper 9526, University of Cambridge.

Im K.S., Pesaran, M.H. et Shin, Y. (2003), “Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 115, pp. 53-74.

Jamal Bouoiyour et Saïd Toufik (2007), “l'impact des investissements directs étrangers et du capital humain sur la productivité des industries manufacturières marocaines”, Région et Développement n° 25-2007.

Johansen S. (1991), “Estimation and hypothesis testing of cointegration vectors in Gaussian vector autoregressive models”, Econometrica, 59, pp. 1551-1580.

Kaldor N. (1966) “Causes of the Slow Rate of Economic Growth of the United Kingdom”, an Inaugural Lecture, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Kao C. (1999), “Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointégration in panel data” J. Econ 90, 44.

Kého y. (2012), “Le rôle des facteurs institutionnels dans le développement financier et économique des pays de l’UEMOA”, Revue Économique et Monétaire N° 12, Décembre 2012.

Larsson R., Lyhagen, J. et Löthgren, M. (2001), “Likelihood-based cointegration tests in heterogenous panels”, Econometrics Journal, 4, pp. 109-142

Levin Lin and Chu (2002), "Unit root tests in panel data: Asymptotic and finite-sample properties", Journal of Econometrics, vol 108, no 1, 1–24.

Levin A. and Lin, C. F. (1992). “Unit Root Test in Panel Data: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties”, University of California at San Diego, Discussion, Paper No. 92-93.

Levin A. and Lin, C. F. (1993). “Unit Root Test in Panel Data: New Results”, University of California at San Diego, Discussion Paper No. 93-56.

Lucas R. E. (1988), “On the Mechanics of Economic Development”, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 22, n° 1, p. 3-42.

Maddala G. S. and Wu, S. (1999). `Cross-country Growth Regressions: Problems of Heterogeneity, Stability and Interpretation', forthcoming in Applied Econom-ics.

Mankiw G.N., D. Romer et D.N. Weil (1992), “A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 107, p. 407-437.

Mody Ashoka; Wang, Fang-Yi. 1997. "Explaining industrial growth in coastal China : economic reforms and what else? (English)". The World Bank economic review. -- Vol. 11, no. 2 (May 1997), pp. 293-325.

Murphy K., Shleifer A. and Vishny R. (1989) “Industrialization and the Big Push”, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 97, 1003A1026.

Nehru V., Swanson E. et Dubey A., (1995), “A New Database on Human Capital Stoks in Developping and Industries Countries: Sources, Methology and Results”, Jornal of Development Economics, vol 46, n°2, pp. 376-401.

Ocampo José Antonio (2005), “A Broad View of Macroeconomic Stability”, Economic and social affairs, DESA Working Paper No. 1 ST/ESA/2005/DWP/1 October 2005 pp25.

Pedroni P. (1996), “Fully modified OLS for heterogeneous cointegrated panels and the case of purchasing power parity”, Working Paper in Economics, Indiana University.

Pedroni P. (1997), “Panel cointegration, asymptotic and finite sample properties of pooled time series tests with an application to the PPP hypothesis: new results”, Working Paper in Economics, Indiana University.

Pedroni P. (1998), “Testing for convergence to common steady states in nonstationary hete-rogeneous panels”, Working Paper in Economics, Indiana University.

Pedroni P. (1999), “Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogenous panels with multipleregressors”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, S1, 61, pp. 653-670.

Pedroni P. (2001), “Panel cointegration, asymptotic and finite sample properties of pooled time series tests with an application to the PPP hypothesis”, Working Paper in Economics, Indiana University.

Pedroni P. (2004), “Panel cointegration. Asymptotic and finite sample properties of pooled time series tests with an application to the PPP hypothesis”, Econometric Theory, 20(3), pp. 597-625.

Pesaran h. Ƭ shin y. (1999), "An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Modeling Approach to Cointegration", in Strom S. (ed.), Econometrics and Economic Theory in the 20th Century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium, Chapter 11, Cambridge University Press.

Pesaran m. H. et shin y. Ƭ smith R. P. (1999), "Pooled Mean Group Estimation of Dynamic Heterogeneous Panels", Journal of American Statistical Association 94(446), 621–634.

Pesaran M. H. et Smith R. P. (1995) “Estimating long-run Relationship from Dynamic Heterogeneous Panel”, Journal of Econometrics 68 (1), 79-113

Phillips peter c. B and Sul donggyu (2002) “Dynamic panel estimation and homogeneity testing under cross section dependence”, Econometrics Journal (2003), volume 6, pp. 217–259.

Pritchett L., (2001), "Where has all the education gone ?" The World Bank Economic Review vol 15 pp 367-391.

Psacharopoulos G, (1993), "Returns to investment in education: A global update", World Bank, Policy Research Working Paper, n° 1067.

Rodrik Dani (2015), “Premature deindustrialization”, J Econ Growth (2016) 21:1–33, DOI 10.1007/s10887-015-9122-3, Science+Business Media New Yo rk 2015.

Romer P.M. (1997) “Macroéconomie approfondie”, McGraw-Hill-Ediscience, 165 p.

Romer P.M. (1986) “Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(5), 1002-1037.

Romer P.M. (1990) “Endogenous Technological Change”, Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(5), October, 71-102.

Solow Robert M. (1956), “A contribution to the theory of Economic Growth” The Quarterly Journal of Economic, Oxford University Press, vol. 70(1), pages 65-94.

Sow. Abdramane (2013) “ La contribution de l'éducation à la croissance économique du Sénégal”.. Economies and finances. Université de Bourgogne; Université Gaston Berger, 2013. French.

Teal F., (2010), “Higher Education and Economic Development in Africa: a Review of Channels and Interaction”, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.

Unesco (2017), “rapport de la base de données sur l’éducation en 2017”.

Wang Y T, Tsai P (1996) “the Welfare impact of Foreign Direct Investment in an Economic Region” Journal of Economic Integration, 11,(I), March 33-46.

Wei S.J., (1994) “The open door policy and China’s rapid growth : evidence from city-level data, dans Ito, T., Krueger, A.O. (Eds), Growth Theories in Light of the East Asian Experience”, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago et Londres.

Wei S.J., 1996. “Foreign direct investment in China: sources and consequences, dans Ito, T., Krueger, A.O., Financial Deregulation and Integration in East Asia”, NBER, The University of Chicago Press.

Weigert M. (2016) “L’industrialisation en Afrique de l’Ouest(1): état des lieux”. Banque Africaine de Développement(BAD) ; travail de recherche.