Mohajan, Haradhan (2022): Food Insecurity and Malnutrition of Africa: A Combined Attempt Can Reduce Them. Published in: Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People , Vol. 11, No. 1 (31 March 2022): pp. 24-34.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_112609.pdf Download (495kB) | Preview |
Abstract
In the 21st century Africa is in the top levels of hunger and malnutrition in the world that is unharmonious with the vision of the African Union. Hunger and malnutrition is a common matter in almost all African countries and recently it is appeared to be increasing in most of the countries of the continent. Security of food and nutrition is a fundamental right of every people. But many people of Africa are deprived from this right. About one-third of African children is undersized in their growth and suffers from various physical and mental complexities. The UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 aims to end all forms of hun¬ger and malnutrition globally by 2030, but Africa is off track. It is estimated that about 200 million people of Africa are undernourished. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the African food and nutrition security system in the long-term. The pandemic has thrown the continent in serious uncertainty to the implementation of the SDG 2. Food production of this continent should be increased with the proportional to the increased populations. This study tries to discuss the food and nutrition situation of Africa and provides a constructive guideline to overcome it.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Food Insecurity and Malnutrition of Africa: A Combined Attempt Can Reduce Them |
English Title: | Food Insecurity and Malnutrition of Africa: A Combined Attempt Can Reduce Them |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | Africa, COVID-19 pandemic, food security, hunger, nutrition |
Subjects: | I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty > I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity |
Item ID: | 112609 |
Depositing User: | Haradhan Kumar Mohajan |
Date Deposited: | 03 Apr 2022 19:15 |
Last Modified: | 03 Apr 2022 19:15 |
References: | Adom, T., Kengne, A. P., de Villiers, A., & Puoane, T. (2019). Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among African Primary School Learners: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis, Obesity Science & Practice, 5(5), 487-502. African Union (2015). The Africa Region Nutrition Strategy (2015-2025). Food Security and Nutrition Series. African Union. Annan, K. (2018). Data Can Help to End Malnutrition Across Africa. Na¬ture, 555(7694), 7. Atukunda, P., Eide, W. B., Kardel, K. R., Iversen, P. O., & Westerberg, A. C. (2021). Unlocking the Potential for Achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 2-‘Zero Hunger’-in Africa: Targets, Strategies, Synergies and Challenges. Food & Nutrition Research, 65, 7686. Ayoya, M. A., Bendech, M. A., Zagre, N. M., & Tchibindat, F. (2012). Maternal Anaemia in West and Central Africa: Time for Urgent Action. Public Health Nutrition, 15(5), 916-927. Baumüller, H., von Braun, J., & Admassie, A. et al. (2020). From Potentials to Reality: Transforming Africa’s Food Production-Investment and Policy Priorities for Sufficient, Nutritious and Sustainable Food Supplies. Program of Accompanying Research for Agricultural Innovation (PARI), Center for Research University of Bonn, Germany. Benson, T. (2020). Africa’s Food and Nutrition Security Situation: Where Are We and How Did We Get Here? 2020 Discussion Paper 37, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC. Bhattacharjee, N. V., Schaeffer, L. E., & Marczak, L. B. et al. (2019). Mapping Exclusive Breastfeeding in Africa between 2000 and 2017. Nature Medicine, 25, 1205-1212. Black, R. E., Allen, L. H., & Bhutta, Z. A., et al. (2008). Maternal and Child Undernutrition: Global and Regional Exposures and Health Consequences. Lancet, 371, 243-260. Crush, J., & Frayne, B. (2010). The Invisible Crisis: Urban Food Security in Southern Africa. Urban Food Security Series No. 1. Queen’s University and AFSUN: Kingston and Cape Town. Dado, M. K. (2020). Understanding African’s Food Security Challenges. International Academy of Social Sciences. https://www.intechopen.com/books/food-security-in-africa/understanding-africa-s-food-security-challenges Dorsamy, V., Bagwandeen, C., & Moodley, J. (2020). The Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Anaemia in South African Pregnant Women: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Systematic Reviews, 9(209). Drafor-Amenyah, I. (2021). Understanding the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Security in Ghana. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 17(4), 675-681. Ecker, O., & Breisinger, C. (2012). The Food Security System. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. pp. 1-14. Ecker, O., & Nene, M. (2012). Nutrition Policies in Developing Countries: Challenges and Highlights. Policy Note, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC. Ehui, S., Benin, S., Williams, T., & Meijer, S. (2002). Food security in sub-Saharan Africa to 2020. Socio-economics and Policy Research Working Paper 49. ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), Nairobi, Kenya. FAO (1997). The Food System and Factors Affecting Household Food Security and Nutrition. Agriculture, Food and Nutrition for Africa: A Resource Book for Teachers of Agriculture. Rome: Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department. FAO (2000). The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2000. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Na¬tions. FAO (2009). Declaration of the World Food Summit on Food Security. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO (2011). Evaluation of FAO’s Role and Work in Nutrition. Final Report. PC 108/6. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO (2017). Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Africa 2017. The Food Security and Nutrition–Conflict Nexus: Building Resilience for Food Security, Nutrition and Peace. Accra. FAO (2020). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. Transforming Food Systems for Affordable Healthy Diets. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Na¬tions. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, & WHO (2018). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018. Building Climate Resilience for Food Security and Nutrition. Rome, FAO. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, & WHO (2019). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019. Safeguarding Against Economic Slowdowns and Downturns. Rome: FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, & WHO (2020). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. Transforming Food Systems for Affordable Healthy Diets. Rome, FAO. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, & WHO (2021). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. Transforming Food Systems for Food Security, Improved Nutrition and Affordable Healthy Diets for All. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4474en Gillespie, S., & Haddad, L. (2001). Attacking the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/274 Gillespie, S., Harris, J., Nisbett, N., & van den Bold, M. (2021). Stories of Change in Nutrition from Africa and Asia: An Introduction to a Special Series in Food Security. Food Security, 13, 799-802. Global Nutrition Report (2020). Global Nutrition Report 2020. https://globalnutritionreport.org/re¬ports/2020-global-nutrition-report Government Gazette (2014). National Policy on Food and Nutrition Security. The National Policy on Food and Nutrition Security for the Republic of South Africa. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Gregory, P. J., Ingram, J. S. I., & Brklacich, M. (2005). Climate Change and Food Security. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 360(1463), 2139-2148. Grote, U., Fasse, A., Nguyen, T. T., & Erenstein, O. (2021). Food Security and the Dynamics of Wheat and Maize Value Chains in Africa and Asia. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4, 617009. Ivanic, M., Martin, W., & Zaman, H. (2011). Estimating the Short-Run Poverty Impacts of the 2010-11 Surge in Food Prices. Policy Research Working Paper 5633. Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group. Kherallah, M., Delgado, C., Gabre-Madhin, E., Minot, N., & Johnson, M. (2002). Reforming Agricultural Markets in Africa: Achievements and Challenges. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Johns Hopkins University Press. Kuma, T., Dereje, M., Hirvonen, K., & Minten, B. (2018). Cash Crops and Food Security: Evidence from Ethiopian Smallholder Coffee Producers. Journal of Development Studies, 55(6), 1267-1284. Lemoine, A., & Tounian, P. (2020). Childhood Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa: Risk Factors and Prevention: A Review. Archives de Pediatrie, 27(8), 490-496. McGuire, S. (2015). The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2015: Meeting the 2015 International Hunger Targets: Taking Stock of Uneven Progress. Advances in Nutrition, 6(5), 623-624. Nath, N. C. (2015). Food Security of Bangladesh-Status, Challenges and Strategic Policy Options. Bangladesh Journal of Political Economy, 31(2), 189-250. Nechifor, V., & Ramos, M. P. et al. (2021). Food Security and Welfare Changes under COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa: Impacts and Responses in Kenya. Global Food Security, 28, 100514. Nelson, G. C., Rosegrant, M. W., Koo, J., & Robertson, R. et al. (2009). Climate Change Impact on Agriculture and Costs of Adaptation. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. Ochieng, J., Knerr, B., Owuor, G., & Ouma, E. (2019). Food Crops Commercialization and Household Livelihoods: Evidence from Rural Regions in Central Africa. Agribusiness: An International Journal, 36(2), 318-338. Oniang’o, R. K., Mutuku, J. M., & Malaba, S. J. (2003). Contemporary African Food Habits and their Nutritional and Health Implications. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 12(3), 231-236. Otekunrin, O. A., Sawicka, B., & Ayinde, I. A. (2020). Three De¬cades of Fighting against Hunger in Africa: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities. World Nutrition, 11(3), 86-111. Pepper, A. (2019). Integrating Gender Analysis into Food & Nutrition Security Early Warning Systems in West Africa. West African Papers No. 24, OECD Publishing, Paris. Pingali, P. (2015). Agricultural Policy and Nutrition Outcomes: Getting beyond the Preoccupation with Staple Grains. Food Security, 7, 583-591. Sakho-Jimbira, S., & Hathie, I. (2020). The Future of Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa. Policy Brief No. 2, Southern Voice. Sibanda, L. M., & Mwamakamba, S. N. (2021). Policy Considerations for African Food Systems: Towards the United Nations 2021 Food Systems Summit. Sustainability, 13, 9018. Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) (2019). Towards Measuring the Extent of Food Security in South Africa: An Examination of Hunger and Food Inadequacy. Report: 03-00-14, Publisher: Private Bag, Pretoria. Stevens, G. A., Bennett, J. E., Hennocq, Q., Lu, Y., De-Regil, L. M., Rogers, L., Danaei, G., Li, G., White, R. A., & Flaxman, S. R. (2015). Trends and Mortality Effects of Vitamin A Deficiency in Children in 138 Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries between 1991 and 2013: A Pooled Analysis of Population-Based Surveys. Lancet Global Health, 3, e528-e536. UN (1999). The Right to Adequate Food. United Nations Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Geneva: United Nations. UN (2019). World Population Prospects: the 2019 Revision. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, United Nations, New York. UN (2021). High-Level Panel on Transformative Action and Investment to Better Build Forward from the COVID-19 Crisis towards a Resilient and Green Africa to Achieve the 2030 Agenda and Agenda 2063. Economic Commission for Africa. UNDP (2012). The Roles and Opportunities for the Private Sector in Africa’s Agro-Food Industry. UNDP African Facility for Inclusive Markets, United Nations, New York. USAID (2014). Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Strategy 2014-2025. USAID Bureaus and Offices. Washington. van Hensbroek, M. B., Jonker, F., & Bates, I. (2011). Severe Acquired Anaemia in Africa: New Concepts. British Journal of Haematology, 154, 690-695. von Braun, J. (2008). Food and Financial Crisis: Implications for Agriculture and the Poor. Food Policy Report. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC. WB (2019). Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa. In Five Charts. Washington, DC: World Bank. WHO (2017). Nutrition in the WHO African Region. Brazzaville: World Health Organization. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/112609 |