Environmental management in agriculture - mechanisms, forms and efficiency

Bachev, Hrabrin (2014): Environmental management in agriculture - mechanisms, forms and efficiency.

Abstract

This study suggests a new holistic framework for assessment and improvement of environmental management in agriculture, and analyzes the evolution of the system of agro-eco-management in Bulgaria, and assesses the impacts and responses to the 2011 Great East-Japan earthquake and Fukushima nuclear disaster. It incorporates an interdisciplinary New Institutional Economics approach (combining Economics, Organization, Sociology, Law, Behavioral and Political Sciences), and presents a modern framework for analyzing and assessing the environmental management in agriculture. It presents evolution and assesses the efficiency of diverse management forms and strategies for environmental management in Bulgarian agriculture during the post-communist transformation and the European Union integration, and evaluates the impacts of the EU Common Agricultural Policy on environmental sustainability of farms of different juridical type, size, specialization and location. It identifies and assesses the forms, factors, efficiency and perspectives of environmental management in the “eco-active” farms of different type and location in Bulgaria. It evaluates the multiple impacts of the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima nuclear disaster on the Japanese agriculture, and presents the process of restoration and adaptation of the sector to consequences of that first in the world history triple environmental disaster. Book would be helpful for a wide range of readers (researchers, educators, students, experts, farmers, civil servants, policy makers, interest groups, non-governmental and international organizations) who are involved or want to understand the eco-managment in agriculture.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: environment, governance, agriculture, market, private, public modes, Fukushima nuclear disaster, Bulgaria
• Subjects: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q1 - Agriculture; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q1 - Agriculture > Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q1 - Agriculture > Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q1 - Agriculture > Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation ; Agriculture and Environment; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q1 - Agriculture > Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Biofuels ; Agricultural Extension Services; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q1 - Agriculture > Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation > Q20 - General; Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q3 - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation

References

Alexandrov V. (2008). Adaptation of Irrigation under climate change in Bulgaria. www.adagioeu.org/documents/meeting_jois/21_V_Alexandrov_bulgarian_irrigation_adaptation.pdf

AEHP (1996). Agro-ecosystem Health Project. Agroecosystem health. University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.

Asiaone News (2013): Solar sharing' spreading among Fukushima farmers, Asiaone News, June 26, 2013.

Baba A., G. Tayfur, O. Gunduz, K.Howard, M.Friedel, and A.Chambel (2011). Climate Change and its Effects on Water Resources, Issues of National and Global Security, Springer.

Bachev H. (2004). Efficiency of Agrarian Organizations, Farm Management and Rural Planning No 5, Fukuoka: Kyushu University Press, 135-150.

Bachev H. (2008). Management of Environmental Challenges and Sustainability of Bulgarian Agriculture, in Environmental Challenges and Human Security: Recognizing and Acting on Hazard Impacts, Editors P.H. Liotta et al., Springer, 2008, 117–142.

Bachev, H. (2009). Governing of Agro-ecosystem Services. Modes, Efficiency, Perspectives, VDM Verlag Dr.Muller Aktiengesellscaft & Co. KG, Saarbrucken.

Bachev H. (2010a). Governance of Agrarian Sustainability. New York: Nova Science Publisher.

Bachev H. (2010b). Water Governance in Bulgarian Agriculture, in Climate Change and its Effect on Water Recourses – Issues of National and Global Security. Editors A.Baba, G.Tayfur and I.Sahin, Amsterdam: Springer.

Bachev H (2011a). Management of Agro-Ecosystem Services: Framework of Analysis, Case of Bulgaria, in Advances in Environmental Research. Vol. 17. Editor J. Daniels. New York: Nova Science, 119-164

Bachev H. (2011b). Efficiency of Economic Organizations and Public Policy Interventions in Agriculture, in Agricultural Policies: New Developments, Editor L.Contreras, New York: Nova Science, 55-86.

Bachev H (2013a). Management Strategies for Conservation of Natural Resources in Agriculture, in Simon A. Maillet and Laurent C. Valcourt (editors), Natural Resources: Conservation Strategies, Globalization & Politics and Sustainable Uses, New York: Nova Science Publisher, 1-69.

Bachev H (2013b). New Approach for Assessing and Improvement of Environmental Management and Strategies in Agri-business, Global Journal of Management and Business Research, Administration and Management, (JJMBR), Volume 13, Issue 7, 1-14.

Bachev H. (2013b). Risk Management in Agri-food Sector, Contemporary Economics, Vol. 7 (1), 45-62.

Bachev H. (2014). Integration of Small-Scale Farmers in Value Chains in Bulgaria, with a Case Study on Agrobusiness 88 Ltd., Skravena, The IUP Journal of Supply Chain Management, Vol. XI, No. 3, 1-28.

Bachev, H. and Labonne, M. (2000). About Organization of Agrarian Innovations, Montpellier: INRA.

Bachev H. and F.Ito (2013). Impacts of Fukushima Nuclear Disaster on Japanese Agriculture and Food Chains, P. Gorawala and S.i Mandhatri (editors), Agricultural Research Updates, Vol. 6, 1-75, New York: Nova Science Publisher, 1-76.

Bachev, H., N. Koteva, and M.Mladenova (2014). The Effects of Implementing European Policies in Agricultural Holdings in The Republic of Bulgaria, Economika-21, 1.

Biodivercity Center of Japan (2013). Impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake on the Natural Environment in Tohoku Coastal Regions, Nature Conservation Bureau, Ministry of the Environment, http://www.shiokaze.biodic.go.jp/PDF/pamphlet_en.pdf

Winifred Bird (2013): After Fukushima: Japan's new model for farms, The Christian Science Monitor, March 11, 2013. Britanica (2014): Japan earthquake and tsunami of 2011, Britanica, Aademic Edition, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1761942/Japan-earthquake-and-tsunami-of-2011

Buesseler K. (2014): Fukushima and Ocean Radioactivity, Oceanography, Vol.25, 1, 93-105.

BSBP (2014). Bulgarian Society for Bird Protection, http://bspb.org/en/index.html

Coase, R. (1960). The Problem of Social Costs, Journal of Law and Economics 3, 1-44.

City of Sendai (2011). Sendai City Eartquake Disater Reconstruction Plan, City of Sendai December 2011. City of Sendai (2014). Fresh breeze of Change in Agriculture Starts Here, City of Sendai, March 2014.

COST (2009). COST Foresight 2030. Benefiting from the Digital Revolution, COST Workshop on Food Security, June 30- July 2, 2009, Gent, Belgium.

Daily, G. (editor) (1997). Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems. Island Press, Washington, D.C.

Defrancesco E., P. Gatto, F. Runge, S. Trestini (2008). Factors Affecting Farmers’ Participation in Agri-environmental Measures, J. of Agricultural Economics, 59 (1), 114 -131.

Dobbs T. and J. Pretty (2008). Case study of agri-environmental payments: The United Kingdom, Ecological Economics, Vol. 65, 4, 765–775.

Ducos G. and P. Dupraz (2006). Private Provision of Environmental Services and Transaction Costs, Agri-environmental Contracts in France, paper presented at the 3d World Congress of Environmental and Resource Economics, 3-7 July, 2006, Kyoto.

Dupraz, P., Latouch, K. and Bonnieux F. (2004). Economic Implications of Scale and Threshold Effects in Agri-environmental Processes, paper presented at the 90 EAAE Seminar, 27-29 October 2004, Rennes.

EC (2005). Strategy on the Sustainable Use of Natural Resources, Brussels: European Commission. EEA (2010). State of Environment Report, Sofia: Executive Environment Agency.

EEA (2011). National Inventory Report for Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Sofia: Executive Environment Agency. EUROSTAT (2011). Organic Farming, Agricultural Statistics, Brussels: Eurostat.

Farmer M. (2007). The Possible Impacts of Cross Compliance on Farm Costs and Competitiveness, Institute for European Environmental Policy, KVL.

FAO (2010a). Pressure-State-Response Framework and Environmental Indicators, Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization.

FAO (2010b). AQUASTAT. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization.

Fukushima Minpo News (2013). Researchers develop quick analyzer of strontium 90 in soil, September 19, 2013. Fukushima Minpo News (2014). Nonprofit body in Koriyama to begin testing renewable energy system for farming, January 21, 2014.

Fukushima Minpo News (2014). All vegetables, fruits in Fukushima Pref. measure within safe levels of cesium in FY 2013 monitoring, May 11, 2014.

Furuboth, E. and Richter, R. (1998). Institutions and Economic Theory. Contribution of New Institutional Economics, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Furutani, T., K. Uehara, and J. Murai (2012). A Study on Community­Based Reconstruction from Nuclear Power Plant Disaster ­ A Case Study of Minamisoma Ota Area in Fukushima, Journal of Disaster Research, Vol.7, No.7, 432­438.

IBRD (2012). The Great East Japan Earthquake. Learning from Megadisasters, Knowledge Notes, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, Washington DC.

Hagedorn K.(editor) (2002). Environmental Co-оperation and Institutional Change: Theories and Policies for European Agriculture, Edward Elgar Publishing.

Hart R. and U. Latacz-Lohmann (2004). Combating moral hazard in agri-environmental schemes: a multiple-agent approach, European Review of Agricultural Economics, 32 (1), 75-91.

Chizu Hori (2012). Farm Land Policy and Agriculture Recovery after the Great East Japan Earthquake, Mizuho Research Institute Ltd.

JA-ZENCHU (2011). Recovery and Reconstruction by Rower of Cooperation, Central Union of Agricultural Cooperatives. JMA (2014): Information on the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake, Japan Meteorological Agency, http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/en/2011_Earthquake/Information_on_2011_Earthquake.html http://www.data.jma.go.jp/svd/eqev/data/2011_03_11_tohoku/aftershock/

Johnson R. (2011). Japan’s 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami: Food and Agriculture Implications, Congressional Research Service, http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/161583.pdf

JFC (2012). Financial support for environntaly friendly farming and scientific farming in Japan, Japan Finance Corporation, September 25, 2012. http://www.slideshare.net/Adrienna/financial-support-for-environmentally-friendly-farming-scientific-farming-in-japan-2012

Ishikawa T. and T. Ishikawa (2014). Japan farmland unproductive 3 years on, The Yomiuri Shimbun/Asia News Network, March 2, 2014

GIAJ (2011). Subsidence investigation due to the 2011 Tohoku-Pacific Ocean earthquake, Geospatial Information Authority in Japan, April 2011. http://www.gsi.go.jp/sokuchikijun/sokuchikijun40003.html)

Gilhooly (2013). Renewable village offers lifeline to Fukushima farmers, New Scientist 2950, December 31, 2013.

Grigorova, Y. & Kazakova, Y. (2008). High Nature Value farmlands: Recognizing the importance of South East European landscapes, Case study report, Western Stara Planina, WWF Danube-Carpathian Programme and European Forum on Nature Conservation and Pastoralism (EFNCP).

Kontar, Yev, Santiago-Fandino, V., Takahashi, Tomoyuki (Eds.) (2014). Tsunami Events and Lessons Learned Environmental and Societal Significance, Springer.

Kakuchi S. (2013). Fukushima Fallout Hits Farmers, Inter Press Service, July 30, 2013.

Koyama R. (2013). The Influence and Damage caused by the Nuclear Disaster on Fukushima’s Agriculture, Nuclear Disaster on Fukushima’s Agriculture, 商学論集 第81 巻第4.

Koyama R. (2013). Towards Effective Countermeasures Agianst “Reputation Damage”, Instiute of International Studies and Training, November 29 http://www.iist.or.jp/en-m/2013/0225-0910/

MAFF (2011): Response to Emergency Radionuclides in Foods after the Nuclear Power Plant Accident, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries http://www.maff.go.jp/e/quake/pdf/response_to_emergency_20130409.pdf

MAFF (2013). Agricultural output of tsunami damaged municipaliets, December 25, 2013 (in Japanese) www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/.../shotoku_kenbetsu_12.pdf

MAFF (2013). Business conditions of agricultural and fisheries management bodies in tsunami affected areas, July 26, 3013 (in Japanese). http://www.maff.go.jp/j/press/tokei/keikou/130726.html

MAFF (2014). Business resumption status of agricultural management entities in disaster prefectures, February 1, 2014 (in Japanese). http://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/census/afc/2010/saigai5.html

McCanna L., B. Colbyb, K. Easterc, A. Kasterined, K. Kuperane (2005). Transaction cost measurement for evaluating environmental policies, Ecological Economics, Vol. 52, 4, 1, 527–542.

ME (2012). Estimated total amount of debris washed out by the Great East Japan Earthquake, Ministry of Environment https://www.env.go.jp/en/focus/docs/files/20120901-57.pdf

ME (2014). Progress on Off-site Cleanup Efforts in Japan, Ministry of Environment, February 2014 http://josen.env.go.jp/en/pdf/progressseet_progress_on_cleanup_efforts.pdf?140221

MEA (2005). Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis, Washington: Island Press.

MAF (2009). Annual report, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Sofia.

MEW. (2007). Annual report, Sofia: Ministry of Environment and Water.

MHLW (2013). Survey of Dietary Intake of Radionuclides (September to October 2012), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Press Release June 21, 2013. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/2011eq/dl/index_food_policies_20131011_2.pdf

Mitchell B. (2013). Resource & Environmental Management, Routledge, New York.

Mori T. (1991). The History of Japanese Agriculture, in Agricultural Policy in Japan, XXI IAAE Conference, Tokyo.

Mori, N., T.Takahashi, T.Yasuda and H.Yanagisawa (2011). Survey of 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami inundation and run-up, Geophysical Research Letters, 38.

Murayama T. (2012). Social impacts induced by radiation risk in Fukushima, 'IAIA12 Conference Proceedings', Energy Future The Role of Impact Assessment, 32nd Annual Meeting of the International Association for Impact Assessment, 27 May- 1 June 2012, Porto, Portugal.

Nakanishi T. and K.Tanoi (editors) (2013). Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident, Springer.

Nagashima, S. (2013). Works done by JA Fukushima for restoration, after 2 years from the disaster, presentation at the JA Conference in Fukushima, May 18. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Gallery/tsunami.php

NASA (2012): Effects of the Tohoku Tsunami on the Kitakami River, Earth Observatory, March 11, 2012 http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=77379

NIRA (2013). Status of Recovery and Current Problems in Three Disaster-hit Prefectures What the Data Tells Us Indexes for Recovery and Reconstruction following the Great East Japan Earthquake http://www.nira.or.jp/pdf/1301english_summary.pdf

NISA (2011): Seismic Damage Information, the 110th Release, 23 April, Nuclear and Industrial Safely Agency of Japan.

NHK World (2012). Plant Factory Helps Quake-hit Farmers, June 12, 2012.

NHK World (2013). Smart Innovations for Agricultural Recover, July 15, 2013.

NHK World (2013). Bioenergy Projects Flourish in Tohoku, July 29, 2013.

NHK World (2013). TOMORROW: Decontamination: Challenge of the Villagers, December 9, 2013.

NHK World (2014). Fukushima Rice Farmers' Fight to Reduce Radiation, March 10, 2014.

NHK World (2014): Population decline continues in disaster­hit areas, March 11, 2014.

NHK World (2014): Lawsuit filed over 3.11 tsunami warning, March 13, 2014.

NHK World (2014). Radiation high in Fukushima reservoirs, March 22, 2014.

NHK World (2014). Abe vows to provide true Fukushima information, May 17, 2014.

NHK World (2014). Fukushima evacuees oppose nuclear waste facilities, June 8, 2014.

NHK World (2014). Resumption of rice farming slow in Fukushima, June 11, 2014.

NHK World (2014). Decontamination in no­entry areas, June 23, 2014.

NHK World (2014). Decommissioning Fukushima, The Battle to Contain Radioactivity, August 2, 2014.

NSI .(2011). Statistical Book, Sofia: National Statistical Institute.

North D. (1990). Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Pushpalal D., J.Rhyner, and V.Hossini (2013). The Great East Japan Eartquake 11 March 2011 – Lessons Learned and Research Questions, Conference proceedings, UNU-EHS, Bonn.

Peerlingsa J. and N. Polman (2009). Farm choice between agri-environmental contracts in the European Union, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Vol. 52, 5, 593-612.

Reed M. (2008). Stakeholder participation for environmental management: A literature review, Biological Conservation, Volume 141, Issue 10, 2417–2431.

Scozzari A and B. Mansouri (Editors) (2011). Water Security in the Mediterranean Region, An International Evaluation of Management, Control, and Governance Approaches, Springer.

Shiferaw, B., Freeman, H. & Swinton, S. (2005). Natural Resource Management in Agriculture: Methods for Assessing Economic and Environmental Impacts. Wallingford: CABI Publishing.

TEPCO (2012). Estimation of the released amount of radioactive materials into the atmosphere as a result of the accident in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Estimation made as of May 2012.

TEPCO (2012). Result of estimation of the released amount of radioactive materials into the ocean (in the vicinity of a port) as a result of the accident in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Estimation made as of May 2012.

The Japan News (2014). For final N-waste sites, welcome mats hard to find, July 9, 2014.

The Japan News (2014). 73% support large-scale farming, survey finds, July 15, 2014.

Ujiie K. (2011). An analysis of willingness to accept for radioactive contamination on agricultural products, http://www.u.tsukuba.ac.jp/~ujiie.kiyokazu.gf/files/CP_JT.pdf

Ujiie K. (2012). Japanese Consumer Evaluation of Radioactive Contamination on Food: Rationality and Emotion, ppt presentation provided by the author.

UNSCEAR (2014). UNSCEAR 2013 Report, SOURCES, EFFECTS AND RISKS OF IONIZING RADIATION, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, New York http://www.unscear.org/docs/reports/2013/13-85418_Report_2013_Annex_A.pdf

Urabe, J., T. Suzuki, T. Nishita, W. Makino (2013). Immediate Ecological Impacts of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami on Intertidal Flat Communities, PLOS/One http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0062779&representation=PDF

UN (2012). Report of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio de Janeiro, 20–22 June 2012, UN.

UNEP (2012). Managing post-disaster debris: the Japan experience Report of the International Expert Mission to Japan, 2 United Nations Environment Programme, June 2012. http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/UNEP_Japan_post-tsunami_debris.pdf

Vervaeck A. and J. Daniell (2012). One Year Summary of Losses in the Japanese Earthquake/Tsunami of March 11th 2011, Eartquake-report.com http://earthquake-report.com/2012/03/10/japan-366-days-after-the-quake-19000-lives-lost-1-2-million-buildings-damaged-574-billion/

Yonekura H. (2013). Resettlment after the Great East Jaan Earthquake and Tsunami in Tohoku, in The Great East Japan Eartquake 11 March 2011 – Lessons Learned and Research Questions, Conference proceedings, UNU-EHS, Bonn.

Watanabe, A. (2011). Agricultural Impact of the Nuclear Accidents in Fukushima: The Case of Ibaraki Prefecture, in Disaster, Infrastructure and Society Learning from the 2011 Earthquake in Japan (1): 291-298.

Watanabe N. (2013). Current State of Losses from the Nuclear Accident and Support Measures by JA-Affiliated Organizations: The Response in Fukushima Two Years On, Norinchikin Research Institute http://www.nochuri.co.jp/genba/pdf/otr130611.pdf

Williamson O. (1996). Mechanisms of Governance, New York: Oxford University Press.

WHO (2013). Health risk assessment from the nuclear accident after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami based on a preliminary dose estimation, World Health Organisation, Geneve

WWF (2013). Japan Report on the Nature and Livelihood Recovery Project. A prelim assessment of ecological and social-economic changes in selected areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, 2011. http://www.wwf.or.jp/activities/files/20131129shinsai_en.pdf

Todorova S. and H. Bachev (2008): Farming Structures in Transition Agriculture: the Case of Bulgaria, Tohoku Journal of Rural Economics, Vol.26, No2, 32-47.

Sauvenier X., J. Valekx, N. Van Cauwenbergh, E. Wauters, H.Bachev. K.Biala, C. Bielders, V. Brouckaert, V. Garcia-Cidad, S. Goyens, M.Hermy, E. Mathijs, B.Muys, M.Vanclooster. and A.Peeters (2005): Framework for Assessing Sustainability Levels in Belgium Agricultural Systems – SAFE, Belgium Science Policy, Brussels