Toppo, Mary Rajnee and Manjhi, Ganesh (2011): Burnout among para-teachers in India.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_43507.pdf Download (541kB) | Preview |
Abstract
The concept of burnout is seen in almost all the profession such as-managerial work, nursing, teaching etc. This paper focused on the burnout study of para-teachers’ in India. Para-teachers were untrained, less paid and employed up to secondary school on contractual basis. Government is silently promoting them as ‘Money Saving Approach’ in current education system. Para-teachers agitation throughout the country indicated towards the serious psycho-social problems among teachers community. Hence, the attempt is to present the cross sectional study of the sample of 100 Para-teachers from Jharkhand (India). To measure the Burnout level among para-teachers, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) Educational Survey was used as a tool. Apart from the three constituents of burnout like Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalization, reduced Personal Accomplishment, another three variables like the low Self Efficacy, Environmental factors and Job dissatisfaction were taken as additional scales. It explored the different causal factors for burnout to study the problems in Indian context. The correlation matrix and the general to specific modeling of multiple regressions analysis showed that gender, teaching experiences, student populations and financial insecurity were significantly contributing to burnout. Thus the background for burnout has been created by economical, social and psychological aspects among para-teachers.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | Burnout among para-teachers in India |
English Title: | Burnout among para-teachers in India |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | Para-teachers; Burnout; Contract teacher; Education |
Subjects: | H - Public Economics > H7 - State and Local Government ; Intergovernmental Relations > H75 - State and Local Government: Health ; Education ; Welfare ; Public Pensions I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I21 - Analysis of Education H - Public Economics > H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies > H52 - Government Expenditures and Education |
Item ID: | 43507 |
Depositing User: | Ganesh Manjhi |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jan 2013 20:52 |
Last Modified: | 02 Oct 2019 13:02 |
References: | Abeles, L. R. (2009). Absenteeism among Teachers-excused Absence and Unexcused Absence. International Journal of Educational Administration, Vol. 1 Number 1 (2009), pp. 31-49. Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In:Berkowitz, L. (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 2, pp. 267-299. Academic Press, New York. Adediwura, A. A. & Tayo, B. (2007). Perception of teachers’ knowledge, attitude and teaching skills as predictor of academic performance in Nigerian secondary schools. Educational Research and Review, Vol. 2 (7), pp. 165-171, July 2007. Alcázar, L., Rogers, F. H., Chaudhury, N., Hammer, J., Kremer, M. & Muralidharan, K. (2006). Why Are Teachers Absent? : Probing Service Delivery in Peruvian Primary Schools. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Allen Fain, J. (1985). A Study of the Relationship between Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity and Job Satisfaction among Nurse Educators. Antoniou, A.S., Polychroni, F. & Walters, B. (2000). Sources of stress and professional burnout of teachers of special educational needs in Greece. Presented at ISEC-2000. Atherton, P. & Kingdon, G.(2010), The relative effectiveness and costs of contract and regular teachers in India, CSAE WPS/2010-15 Bakker, A. B. (2009). The crossover of burnout and its relation to partner health. Stress and Health 25: 343–353. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman. Barron, J. (1980). Issues in Bilingual education Affecting Performance Needs of Teacher Aides with Implications for Teacher Training Programs. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Southern California. Los Angeles, CA. Burke, R. J., Greenglass, E. R. & Schwarzer, R. (1996). Predicting teacher burnout over time: Effects of work stress, social support, and self doubts on burnout and its consequences. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping: An International Journal, Volume 9, 1996, Issue 3, 261-275. Carlson, B. C. & Thompson, J. A. (1995). Job burnout and job leaving in public school teachers: implications for stress management. International Journal of Stress Management, 2(1), 15-29. Cherniss, C. (1982). Staff Burnout: job Stress in the Human Services, Beverly Hill: Sage publication. Cordes, C. & Dougherty, T. (1993). A review and integration of research on job burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18, 621-656. De silva, P. V., Hewage, C. G. & Fonseka, P. (2009). Burnout: an emerging occupational health problems. Galle Medical Journal, Vol 14: No. 1, September 2009. Densten, I. L. (2001). Re-Thinking Burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 22, No. 8 (Dec., 2001), pp. 833-847. Dick, R. V. & Wagner, U. (2001).Stress and strain in teaching: A structural equation approach. British Journal of Educational Psychology (2001), 71, 243- 259. Duthilleul, Y. (2005). Lessons learnt in the use of “contract” teachers: Synthesis report (Paris). Edward L. (1933), The Content and Objectives of Educational Psychology in Teacher Training. Journal of Educational Sociology, Vol. 6, No. 9 (May, 1933), pp. 550-555. Evers, W. J. G., Brouwers, A. & Tomic, W. (2002). Burnout and self-efficacy: A study on teachers’ beliefs when implementing an innovative educational system in the Netherlands. British Journal of Educational Psychology (2002), 72, 227–243. Evers, W. J. G., Tomic, W. & Brouwers, A. (2004). Burnout among Teachers: Students' and Teachers' Perceptions Compared. School Psychology International, 2004 25: 131. Farber, B. A. (1991). Crisis in education: Stress and burnout in the American teacher. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Friedman, I. A. (1991). High- and Low-Burnout Schools: School Culture Aspects of Teacher Burnout. The Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 84, No. 6 (Jul. - Aug., 1991), pp. 325-333. Fyfe, A. (2007). The use of contract teachers in developing countries: Trends and impact. International Labor Office, Geneva, May 2007. Ganzuk, M. & French, N. (2002). Recruiting Paraeducators into Teacher Preparation Programs: A Remedy for The Shortage Of Teachers. American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, Paraeducator Special Study Group, Report on Critical Issues and Areas of Focus, September 6, 2002. Gautam, V. (2003). Education of tribal children in India and the issue of Medium of Instruction: A Janshala experience. UN report, Delhi, India. Genzuk, M., Lavadenz, M. & Krashen, S. (1994). Para-Educators: A source for remedying for the shortage of teachers for limiting English proficient students. The Journal of Educational Issues of Language Minority Students, vol. 14 pp. 211-222, Winter 1994. Govinda, R. & Josephine, Y. (2004). Para teachers in India: A Review. National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration, New Delhi. Hakanen, J. J, Bakker, A. B. & Schaufeli, W. B. (2006). Burnout and work engagement among teachers. Journal of School Psychology, 43 (2006) 495–513. Howes, S. & Murgai, R. (2004). Subsidies And Salaries: Issues in the Restructuring of Government Expenditure in India. NIPFP-IMF Conference Paper January.International Institute for Educational Planning, UNESCO, 2005), p. 41. Javaid, N. (2009). Teacher Motivation – An Area of Neglect. Research Paper, Education Advisor CIDA Pakistan Programme, October 2009. Joshi, R. (2009). Para teacher in India. Commonwealth Teachers’ Group, newsletter issue-2, June 2009. Journal of Educational Psychology, 48, 159-167. Juvane, V. (2005). Redefining the Role of Multi-Grade Teaching. Ministerial paper presented on Education for Rural People in Africa: Policy Lessons, Options and Priorities, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 7-9 September 2005. Kahill, S. (1988). Symptoms of professional burnout: A review of the empirical evidence. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne, Vol 29(3), Jul 1988, 284-297. Kingdon, G. & Rao, Sipahimalani (2010). Para teachers in India: Status and impact. Economic and Political Weekly,45 No.12, March 20-26. Kingdon, G. (2010). The impact of the sixth pay commission on Teacher salaries: Assessing Equity and efficiency effect. RECOUP working paper No.29, January 2010. Kise, J. A. G. (2005). Coaching Teachers for Change: Using the Concepts of Psychological Type to Reframe Teacher Resistance. Journal of Psychological Type, issue-6, Dec 05. Kumar, K., Priyam, M., & Saxena, S. (2001). The trouble with Para teachers. Frontline 18:22, available at: http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1822/18220930.htm Kyriacou, C. & Sutcliffe, J. (1978b). Teacher stress: prevalence, sources and symptoms. British Kyriacou, C. (1998). Teacher stress: Past and present. In J. Dunham & V. Varma (Eds.), Stress in teachers. Past, present and future (pp. 1-13). London: Whurr. Kyriacou, C., & Sutcliffe, J. (1978a). A model of teacher stress. Educational Studies, 4, 1-6. Lazear, E (2001). Educational Production. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116:3, 497–531. Lou, J., Jing, Y., Zhang, Y., Liang, H., Shen, L., Lu, Y., Feng, X. (2012). Effect of job satisfaction on burnout among physicians: A survey study in urban public medical institutions in Hubei province, China. SCIRP_ Health, Vol. 4, No.10, 856-865. Maslach, C. & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99-113. Maslach, C. and Jackson, S.E. (1986). MBI: The Maslach Burnout Inventory: Manual research edition . Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA. Mathot, G. B., Wallace, C., Nish, H. M. C. & Allen, J. (1995). A Hand book of Teachers of multi-grade classes, Improving Performance at the Primary Level. vol-1, UNESCO, 2001. Mehta, A. (2007). Elementary Education in India: Where do we Stand?. State Report Cards 2005-2006, National Univesity of Educational Planning and Administration, New Delhi. Mo, K. W. (1991). Teacher Burnout: Relations with Stress Personality, and Social Support. CUHK Education Journal, Vol. 19 No.l, pp. 3-11. Mulcahy, D. (1991). Do we still have Multi-Grade classrooms?. Morning Watch, Fall 1992. Muralidharan, K. & Sundararaman, V. (2009). Contract Teachers: Experimental Evidence from India. Working paper, University of California San Diego. Muralidharan, K., & Sundararaman, V. (2008). Teacher Performance Pay: Experimental Evidence from India. Working paper, University of California San Diego. Narayan, K. (2007). Innovative Public Management Strategies to Address the Problems of Teacher Absenteeism and Poor Quality in Rural Government Primary Schools In India: An Exploratory Review. A research paper presented in Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands, 14 November 2007. Pandey, S. (2006). Para Teacher Scheme and Quality Education for All in India: The Policy Perspectives and Challenges for School Effectiveness. N.C.E.R.T., New Delhi-16 (India). Pett, M. A., Nancy Rebecca Lackey, N. R. and Sullivan, J. J. (2003). Making sense of factor analysis: the use of factor analysis for instrument Development in Health care Research. Page.107, Sage Publication, International Educational and Professional Publisher, Thousand oak, London, New Delhi. Pines, A. & Aronson, E. (1981). Burnout: From tedium to personal growth. New York: Free Press. Ramachandran, V. (2005a). Why School Teachers Are Demotivated and Disheartened. Economic and Political Weekly, 40 (21): 2141-2144. Ramachandran, V., Bhttacharjea, S. & Sheshagiri, K. M.(2008). Primary School Teachers – Twists and Turns in Everyday Practice (Unpublished Mimeo, October 2008). Ramachandran, V., Pal, M. Jain, S., Shekar, S. & Sharma. J (2005). Teacher Motivation in India. New Delhi: Educational Resource Unit. Robinson, N. & Gauri, V. (2010). Education, Labor Rights, and Incentives, Contract Teacher Cases in the Indian Courts. The World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5365. Rottier, J. (1983). Teacher burnout : Small and rural school. Education, vol.104, no.1 p72-79 Fall 1983. Sabbah, I., Sabbah, H., Sabbah, S., Akoum, H., Droubi, N. (2012). Burnout among Lebanese nurses: Psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). SCIRP_ Health, Vol.4, No.9, 644-652. Schaufeli, W. B., Enzamann, D. & Girault, N. Measurement of Burnout: A review. Methodological issues, pp 199-215. Schwab, R., Iwanicki, E., & Pierson, D. (1983). Assessing role conflict and role ambiguity: A cross validation study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 43, 587-593. Schwarzer, R. & Hallum, S. (2008). Perceived Teacher Self-Efficacy as a Predictor of Job Stress and Burnout: Mediation Analyses. Applies Psychology: An International Review, 2008, 57, 152–171. Sethi, N. & Nath, A. (2004). Para teacher in elementary education. Perspectives in Education, Vol. 20, No. 3. Shyman, E. (2010). Identifying Predictors of Emotional Exhaustion among Special Education Para Educators: A Preliminary Investigation. Psychology in the Schools, Vol. 47(8), 2010. Skaalvik, E. M. & Skaalvik, S. (2010). Teacher self-efficacy and teacher burnout: A study of relation. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26 (2010) 1059-1069. Taris, T., Van Horn, J., Schaufeli, W. & Schreurs, P. (2004). Inequety, Burnout and Psychological Withdrawal among Teachers: A Dynamic Exchange Model. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, March 2004, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 103-122. Usman, A., Ahmed, Z., Ahmed, I. & Akbar, Z. (2011). Work Stress Experienced by the Teaching Staff of University of the Punjab, Pakistan: Antecedents and Consequences. International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol. 2 No. 8, May 2011. Weber, A. & Jaekel-Reinhard, A. (2000). Burnout syndrome: a disease of modern societies?. Occup. Med., Vol. 50, No. 7, pp. 512-517, 2000. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/43507 |