Da Silva, Sergio and Moreira, Bruno and Da Costa Jr, Newton (2014): 2D:4D Digit Ratio Predicts Delay of Gratification in Preschoolers. Published in: PLoS One , Vol. 9, No. 12 (9 December 2014): e114394.
Preview |
PDF
MPRA_paper_60570.pdf Download (279kB) | Preview |
Abstract
We replicate the Stanford marshmallow experiment with a sample of 141 preschoolers and find a correlation between lack of self-control and 2D:4D digit ratio. Children with low 2D:4D digit ratio are less likely to delay gratification. Low 2D:4D digit ratio may indicate high fetal testosterone. If this hypothesis is true, our finding means high fetal testosterone children are less likely to delay gratification.
Item Type: | MPRA Paper |
---|---|
Original Title: | 2D:4D Digit Ratio Predicts Delay of Gratification in Preschoolers |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | 2D:4D digit ratio; Delay of gratification; Children; Intertemporal choice |
Subjects: | D - Microeconomics > D9 - Intertemporal Choice > D90 - General |
Item ID: | 60570 |
Depositing User: | Sergio Da Silva |
Date Deposited: | 12 Dec 2014 17:01 |
Last Modified: | 27 Sep 2019 11:24 |
References: | 1. Mischel W, Ebbesen EB, Raskoff-Zeiss A (1972) Cognitive and attentional mechanisms in delay of gratification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 21: 204–218. 2. Rueda MR, Rothbart MK, McCandliss BD, Saccomanno L, Posner MI (2005) Training, maturation, and genetic influences on the development of executive attention. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 14931–14936. 3. Casey BJ, Somerville LH, Gotlib IH, Ayduk O, Franklin NT, et al. (2011) Behavioral and neural correlates of delay of gratification 40 years later. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108: 14998–15003. 4. Manning JT, Scutt D, Wilson J, Lewis-Jones DI (1998) The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: A predictor of sperm numbers and concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and oestrogen. Human Reproduction 13: 3000–3004. 5. Manning J, Kilduff L, Cook C, Crewther B, Fink B (2014) Digit ratio (2D:4D): A biomarker for prenatal sex steroids and adult sex steroids in challenge situations. Frontiers in Endocrinology 5: article 9. 6. Phelps VR (1952) Relative index finger length as a sex-influenced trait in man. American Journal of Human Genetics 4: 72–89. 7. Moreira B, Matsushita R, Da Silva S (2010) Risk seeking behavior of preschool children in a gambling task. Journal of Economic Psychology 31: 794–801. 8. Hines M (2011) Gender development and the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience 34: 69–88. 9. Voracek M, Loibl LM (2009) Scientometric analysis and bibliography of digit ratio (2D:4D) research, 1998–2008. Psychological Reports 104: 922–956. 10. Honekopp J, Watson S (2010) Meta-analysis of digit ratio 2D:4D shows greater sex difference in the right hand. American Journal of Human Biology 22: 619–630. 11. Manning JT, Bundred PE, Newton DJ, Flanagan BF (2003) The second to fourth digit ratio and variation in the zandrogen receptor gene. Evolution and Human Behavior 24: 399–405. 12. Hampson E, Sankar JS (2012) Re-examining the Manning hypothesis: Androgen receptor polymorphism and the 2D:4D digit ratio. Evolution and Human Behavior 33: 557–561. 13. Honekopp J (2013) No evidence that 2D:4D is related to the number of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene. Frontiers in Endocrinology 4: article 185. 14. Zheng Z, Cohn MJ (2011) Developmental basis of sexually dimorphic digit ratios. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108: 16289–16294. 15. Auger J, Le Denmat D, Berges R, Doridot L, Salmon B, et al. (2013) Environmental levels of oestrogenic and antiandrogenic compounds feminize digit ratios in male rats and their unexposed male progeny. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 280: 20131532. 16. Van Honk J, Schutter DJ, Bos PA, Kruijt AW, Lentjes EG, et al. (2011) Testosterone administration impairs cognitive empathy in women depending on second-to-fourth digit ratio. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108: 3448–3452. 17. Nisan M (1976) Delay of gratification in children: Personal versus group choices. Child Development 47: 195–200. 18. McCabe LA, Brooks-Gunn J (2007) With a little help from my friends?: Self-regulation in groups of young children. Infant Mental Health Journal 28: 584–605. 19. Da Silva S, Moreira B, Da Costa N Jr (2014) Preschoolers and the endowment effect. PLOS ONE 9: e109520. 20. Llaurens V, Raymond M, Faurie C (2009) Why are some people left-handed? An evolutionary perspective. Philosophical Transactions of the Real Society of London B 364: 881–894. 21. Johnston DW, Nicholls MER, Shah M, Shields MA (2009) Nature’s experiment? Handedness and early childhood development. Demography 46: 281–301. 22. Peper JS, Mandl RCW, Braams BR, Water E, Heijboer AC, et al. (2013) Delay discounting and frontostriatal fiber tracts: A combined DTI and MTR study on impulsive choices in healthy young adults. Cerebral Cortex 23: 1695–1702. |
URI: | https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/60570 |