Implementation Strategies of Higher Education Part of National Education Policy 2020 of India towards Achieving its Objectives

Aithal, Sreeramana and Aithal, Shubhrajyotsna (2020): Implementation Strategies of Higher Education Part of National Education Policy 2020 of India towards Achieving its Objectives. Published in: International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS) , Vol. 5, No. 2 (2 December 2020): pp. 283-325.

Abstract

Well defined and futuristic education policy is essential for a country at school and college levels due to the reason that education leads to economic and social progress. India with the leadership of its current prime minister and an expert team with members of varied backgrounds has developed and planned to implement a new education policy during the next decade of the 21st century called Indian National Education Policy (NEP-2020). The aim, objectives, and details are well known to practitioners and the public. NEP-2020 is an innovative and futuristic proposal with both positive and negative aspects, framed with the objective to provide a quality school education and higher education to everyone with an expectation of holistic & research-oriented progress. This paper initially depicts an overview of NEP-2020, distinguish the strengths & weakness of the policy at higher education & research part, evaluation of the implementation suggestions given in the policy, identifying and analyzing possible generic strategies for implementation of NEP-2020 to fulfill its objectives based on focus group discussions. The paper also includes many predictive proposals on issues like developing quality universities & colleges, institutional restructuring & consolidation, more holistic & multidisciplinary education, optimal learning environment & student support, transforming the regulatory system of higher education, technology usage & integration, and online & digital education. Finally, some recommendations are made to implement the NEP-2020 effectively irrespective of various constraints. This article can be considered as a reference to the policy implementation teams of Govt of India.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: NEP 2020, Indian Higher Education Policy, Implementation Strategies, Indian Higher Education System, Research and innovation focus
• Subjects: I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I20 - General; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I21 - Analysis of Education; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I28 - Government Policy

References

[1] National Education Policy 2020, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt. of India. https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English_0.pdf

[2] Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, S. (2019). Analysis of Higher Education in Indian National Education Policy Proposal 2019 and Its Implementation Challenges. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 3(2), 1-35.

[3] Sunil Kumar Saroha, & Uttam Anand (2020). New instruction procedure 2020 Highlights: To see huge movements in schools and advanced edification. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 25(8), 59-62.

[4] Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, S. (2020). Analysis of the Indian National Education Policy 2020 towards Achieving its Objectives. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 5(2), 19-41.

[5] Jha, P., & Parvati, P. (2020). National Education Policy, 2020. (2020). Governance at Banks, Economic & Political Weekly, 55(34), 14-17.

[6] Suryavanshi, S. (2020). Reflections from a Comparative Study for Reimagining Indian Universities. UNIVERSITY NEWS, 58(33), 96-102.

[7] Kumar, K., Prakash, A., & Singh, K. (2020). How National Education Policy 2020 can be a lodestar to transform future generation in India. Journal of Public Affairs, 20(4), e2500. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2500

[8] Deb, P. (2020). Vision for Foreign Universities in the National Education Policy 2020: A Critique. Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1-29. https://www.rgics.org/wp-content/uploads/Foreign-Universities-in-India-Palash-Deb.pdf

[9] Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, S. (2019). Building World-Class Universities: Some Insights & Predictions. Building World-Class Universities: Some Insights & Predictions. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 4(2), 13-35.

[10] Aithal, P. S., and P. M. Suresh Kumar (2015). Applying SWOC Analysis to an Institution of Higher Education. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering (IJMIE), 5(7), 231-247.

[11] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2015). Black Ocean Strategy-A Probe into a new type of Strategy used for Organizational Success. GE-International Journal of Management Research (GE-IJMR), 3(8), 45-65.

[12] Markopoulos, E., Kirane, I. S., Piper, C., & Vanharanta, H. (2019, September). Green ocean strategy: democratizing business knowledge for sustainable growth. In International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future Trends and Applications (pp. 115-125). Springer, Cham.

[13] Kim, W. C. (2005). Blue ocean strategy: from theory to practice. California management review, 47(3), 105-121.

[14] Muhammad, S., Rosmaini, T., & Mehwish, R. (2017). Mediating Role of Innovation Strategy Between Porter’s Red Ocean Strategy and Innovative Performance. Advanced Science Letters, 23(9), 9239-9242.

[15] Aithal, P. S. (2016). The concept of ideal strategy and its realization using white ocean mixed strategy. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 5(4), 171-179.

[16] Daugherty, P. J., & Pittman, P. H. (1995). Utilization of time‐based strategies. International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 15(2), 54-60.

[17] Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, A. (2018). The Concept and Importance of Alternative Strategy as Parallel Strategy to be followed in Organizational Decisions to Ensure Success. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 3(2), 1-15.

[18] Papke-Shields, K. E., & Boyer-Wright, K. M. (2017). Strategic planning characteristics applied to project management. International Journal of Project Management, 35(2), 169-179.

[19] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2016). Organizational behaviour in 21st century–‘Theory A' for managing people for performance. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 18(7), 126-134.

[20] Dodgson, M. (1991). Technology learning, technology strategy and competitive pressures. British Journal of Management, 2(3), 133-149.

[21] Kumar, M. J. (2020). National Education Policy: How does it Affect Higher Education in India?. IETE Technical Review, 37(4), 327-328.

[22] Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, Shubhrajyotsna. (June 2019). Innovation in B.Tech. Curriculum as B.Tech. (Hons) by integrating STEAM, ESEP & IPR features. International Journal of Case Studies in Business, IT, and Education (IJCSBE), 3(1), 56-71.

[23] Porter, M. E. (1982). Competitive strategy. RAE-Revista de Administração de Empresas, 22(2), 44-46.

[24] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2016). Organizational behaviour in 21st century–'Theory A' for managing people for performance. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 18(7), 126-134.

[25] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2016). Theory A for Optimizing Human Productivity. IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267), 4(3), 526-535.

[26] Aithal, P. S. (2018). How to Boost Faculty Research Performance in HEI’s to Improve Intellectual Property by Integrating It with Faculty Compensation–A ‘Theory of Accountability’ Based Framework. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), (2018), 3(2), 130-151.

[27] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2019). Autonomy in Higher Education-Towards an Accountability Management Model. International Journal of Management & Development, 6(10), 166-175.

[28] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2016). Comparative analysis of theory X, theory Y, theory Z, and Theory A for managing people and performance. International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME), 1(1), 803-812.

[29] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2017). Interconnecting Theory A and ABC Model of Organizational Performance. International Journal of Management, Technology and Social Sciences (IJMTS), Srinivas Publishers, 1(1), 1-13.

[30] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2016). Application of Theory A on ABC Model to enhance Organizational Research Productivity in Higher Education. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJATET), 1(1), 142-150.

[31] Aithal, P. S., Suresh Kumar, P. M. (2016). ABC Model of Research Productivity and Higher Educational Institutional Ranking. International Journal of Education and Management Engineering (IJEME), 6(6), 74-84.

[32] Aithal, P. S. (2017). Comparative study of various research indices used to measure quality of research publications. International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research (IJAASR), 2(1), 81-89.

[33] Aithal, P. S. (2017). ABCD Analysis of Recently Announced New Research Indices. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 1(1), 65-76.

[34] Aithal, P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (2019). Researcher Centric Scholarly Publication and Research Journals Classification – New Insight based Model. International Journal of Case Studies in Business, IT, and Education (IJCSBE), 3(2), 91-104.

[35] Aithal, P. S., Shailashri, V. T, Suresh Kumar, P. M. (2016). Analysis of ABC Model of Annual Research Productivity Using ABCD Framework. International Journal of Current Research and Modern Education (IJCRME), 1(1), 846-858.

[36] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2016). Application of Theory A on ABC Model to enhance Organizational Research Productivity in Higher Education. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJATET), 1(1), 142-150.

[37] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2017). Interconnecting Theory A and ABC Model of Organizational Performance. International Journal of Management, Technology and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 1(1), 1-13.

[38] Aithal, P. S. (2016). Research Performance Analysis of Some Indian Top Business Schools Using ABC Model. International Journal of Computational Research and Development, 1(1), 70-83.

[39] Aithal, P. S. (2016). How to Increase Research Productivity in Higher Educational Institutions–SIMS Model. International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME), 1(1), 447-458.

[40] Dundar, H., & Lewis, D. R. (1998). Determinants of research productivity in higher education. Research in higher education, 39(6), 607-631.

[41] Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, S. (2019, October). Essential infrastructures for world-class universities. In Proceedings of National Conference on Research in Higher Education, Learning and Administration (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 01-23).

[42] Aithal P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (July 2020). Importance of Arts & Design in Liberal education STEAM model of Higher Education. Chapter I, pp. 1-24. Applied Arts Science in IT Age, Edited by Dr. P. K. Paul, New Delhi Publishers, New Delhi, India. ISBN: 978-93-88879-90-3.

[43] Aithal, P. S. (2016). Creating innovators through setting up the organizational vision, mission, and core values: a strategic model in higher education. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering, 6(1), 310-324.

[44] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2015). How Innovations and Best Practices can Transform Higher Education Institutions: A case study of SIMS. International Journal of Management (IJM), 6(2), 83-98.

[45] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2015). Societal Expectation and Institutional Accountability in Higher Education. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering, 5(7), 361-373.

[46] Aithal, P. S., & Kumar, P. M. (2016). Student performance and Learning Outcomes in Higher Education Institutions. International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME), 1(1), 674-684.

[47] Aithal, P. S. (2016). Excellence in Individual Research & Publications: Examining the Active Role of Role-models (Deans) of World Top Business Schools. International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education (IJERME), 1(2), 179-199.

[48] Aithal, P. S. (2018). Effect of Role Models-A Critical Study on the Recent Research Contribution of Vice-Chancellors of Selected Private Universities in India. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 3(1), 118-139.

[49] Aithal, P. S., & Madhushree, L. M. (2019). Information Communication & Computation Technology (ICCT) as a Strategic Tool for Industry Sectors. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 3(2), 65–80.

[50] Madhushree L. M, Revathi Radhakrishnan, & P. S. Aithal (Jan 2019). A Review on Impact of Information Communication & Computation Technology (ICCT) on Selected Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Industrial Sectors. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 4(1), 106-127.

[51] Aithal, P. S. & Madhushree L. M. (May 2019). Emerging Trends in ICCT as Universal Technology for Strategic Development of Industry Sectors. Chapter in a Book - IT and Computing for all the Domains and Professionals: The Emergence of Computer and Information Sciences, Edited by P.K. Paul, A. Bhuimali, K.S. Tiwary, and P. S. Aithal published by New Delhi Publishers, New Delhi. pp 1-26, ISBN: 978-93-88879-66-8.

[52] Aithal, P. S., & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal. (2019). Management of ICCT underlying Technologies used for Digital Service Innovation. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 4(2), 110–136.

[53] Aithal, P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (July 2020). Information Communication and Computation Technology (ICCT) and its Contribution to Universal Technology for Societal Transformation. In “Information, Communications and Computation Technology (ICCT) The Pillar for Transformation” edited by P.K. Paul et al. published by New Delhi Publishers, New Delhi, India, pp. 1-28. ISBN: 978-93-88879-95-8.

[54] Aithal, P. S. (January 2016). Nanotechnology Innovations & Business Opportunities : A Review. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering (IJMIE), 6(1), 182-204.

[55] Aithal, P. S. and Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, (2016). Opportunities & Challenges for Green Technology in 21st Century. International Journal of Current Research and Modern Education (IJCRME), 1(1), 818-828.

[56] Shubrajyotsna Aithal & Aithal, P. S. (2018). Concept of Ideal Water Purifier System to Produce Potable Water and its Realization Opportunities using Nanotechnology. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 2(2), 8-26.

[57] Aithal, P. S. & Shubrajyotsna Aithal, (2016). Nanotechnological Innovations & Business Environment for Indian Automobile Sector : A Futuristic Approach. International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME), 1(1), 296-307.

[58] Aithal, P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, (2016). Nanotechnology Innovations & Business Opportunities in Renewable Energy Sector. International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education (IJERME), 1(1), 674- 692.

[59] Madhushree L. M, Bhuvana R, and Aithal P. S. (October 2020). Impact of COVID-19 on Redefining the Services of Educational Institutions using Ubiquitous Technology. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 5(2), 266-282.

[60] Aithal, P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, (June 2020). Conceptual Analysis on Higher Education Strategies for various Tech-Generations. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 5(1), 335-351.

[61] Srinivasa Rao, A. B., Kumar, P. M., & Aithal, P. S. (2015). Strategic Planning in Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study of SIMS-VISION 2025. International Journal of Educational Science and Research (IJESR), 5(2), 29-42.

[62] Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, S. (2019). Autonomy for Universities Excellence–Challenges and Opportunities. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 3(2), 36-50.

[63] Aithal P. S. & Suresh Kumar P. M. (November 2019). Autonomy in Higher Education - Towards an Accountability Management Model. International Journal of Management & Development, 6(10), 166-175.

[64] Aithal, P. S. (2016). Smart Library Model for Future Generations. International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education (IJERME), 1(1), 693-703.

[65] Aithal P. S. and Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (2014). Ideal education system and its realization through online education model using mobile devices, Proceedings of IISRO Multi Conference 2014, Bangkok, 140 – 146.

[66] Aithal P. S. and Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (2015). An Innovative Education Model to realize Ideal Education System. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 3(3), 2464 - 2469.

[67] Aithal, P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, (2016). Impact of On-line Education on Higher Education System. International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education (IJERME), 1(1), 225-235.

[68] Aithal, P. S., & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, (2015). Ideal Technology Concept & its Realization Opportunity using Nanotechnology, International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), 4(2), 153 – 164.

[69] Aithal, P. S., Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, (2015). A review on Anticipated Breakthrough Technologies of 21st Century. International Journal of Research & Development in Technology and Management Sciences, 21(6), 112 – 133.

[70] Aithal, P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (2018). The Concept & Characteristics of Ideal Energy System and its Realization Constraints. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 2(2), 127-137.

[71] Shubhrajyotsna Aithal & Aithal, P. S. (2018). The Realization Opportunity of Ideal Energy System using Nanotechnology Based Research and Innovations. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Technology, 3(2), 1-15.

[72] Architha Aithal & Aithal, P.S. (2018). The concept of Ideal Drug & Its Realization Opportunity using present Pharmaceutical Sciences Scenario. International Journal of Health Sciences and Pharmacy (IJHSP), 2(2), 11-26.

[73] Aithal P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (2016). Business Strategy for Nanotechnology based Products & Services. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research (IJMSBR), 5(4), 139-149.

[74] Aithal, P. S. and Shubrajyotsna Aithal (2016). Nanotechnology Innovations and Commercialization – Opportunities, Challenges & Reasons for Delay. International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing (IJEM), 6(6), 15-25.

[75] Aithal, P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (2016). A New Model for Commercialization of Nanotechnology Products and Services. International Journal of Computational Research and Development, 1(1), 84-93.

[76] Aithal P. S. & Shubhrajyotsna Aithal (2018). Nanotechnology based Innovations and Human Life Comfortability –Are we Marching towards Immortality ? International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 2(2), 71-86.

[77] Aithal, P. S. & Aithal, Shubhrajyotsna (2019). Strategic Management of Universal Technologies for Redefining Productivity & Performance. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 3(2), 81-95.

[78] Aithal, P. S. (2016). Innovations in student centric learning–A study of top business schools in India. International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education (IJERME), 1(1), 298-306.

[79] Aithal, P. S. (2016). Innovations in experimental learning–A study of world top business schools. International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME), 1(1), 360-375.