B2R, R2B - Partner or Hostile Relationships?

Gawlik, Remigiusz and Teczke, Janusz (2006): B2R, R2B - Partner or Hostile Relationships? Published in: Management and Technology in the Global Economy: Nurturing Innovations and National Heritage (2006): pp. 997-1004.

Abstract

The paper aims at describing the delicate matter of the relations between science and business units. Should the enterprises be encouraged to use the research outcome of universities, independent research and development units, Think – Tanks and other science – oriented organizations or should both sides develop independently? What should be the role of state in these contacts? The basic assumption of the paper is that a knowledge exchange should be based on short-, middle-, and long – term profits that could be realized by its both sides. The research lead by the authors on a group of Polish universities and companies focused on identifying the qualities that R&D units could possibly offer to business. The second area of concern was the elaboration of mechanisms of knowledge transfer including an appropriate remuneration for the scientific side. Basing on this research the authors reached a conclusion that an intermediary unit operating in between the science units and business organizations is necessary. Its main features and tasks, including the financing possibilities have been presented in the paper. The awaited outcome should be a stable knowledge exchange system, dynamically adapting to the market needs, but also leaving the scientists some freedom for choosing their research topics. This should prevent a situation where all the research would be business – oriented and possible exclusively after a direct order placed by a company.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Research Commercialization, University Management, Research Financing
• Subjects: A - General Economics and Teaching > A1 - General Economics > A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I23 - Higher Education ; Research Institutions; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I25 - Education and Economic Development; M - Business Administration and Business Economics ; Marketing ; Accounting ; Personnel Economics > M0 - General > M00 - General

References

Balasubramanyam, V., International Transfer of Technology to India, New York: Praeger Scientific Press, 1973.

Baranson, J., Harrington, A., Industrial Transfers of Technology by U.S. Firms under Licensing Arrangements: Policies, Practices and Conditioning Factors, Developing World Industry and Technology, Inc., Washington, DC, 1977.

Brunner, H. P., “Entrepreneurship in Eastern Europe: Neither Magic nor Mirage. A Preliminary Investigation”, Journal of Economic Issues, 27: (1993): 505 – 513.

Chen, E., “Transnational corporations and technology transfer to developing countries”, in Child, J., Czegledy, A., Managerial Learning in the Transformation of Eastern Europe: Some Key Issues, Organization Studies, 17 (2): (1996): 167 – 179.

Cohen, W., Levinthal, D., “Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation”, in Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: (1990): 128 – 152.

Couderc, A. M., Franceschi, V., “Sputnik Enterprises: High Technology Enterprise Creation in Russia”, Institute of Development Studies Bulletin, University of Sussex, 1998.

Durka, B. (ed.), Inwestycje zagraniczne w Polsce, Instytut Handlu Zagranicznego, Foreign Direct Investment in Poland, Foreign Trade Institute, Warszawa, 2000

Estrin, S., “Privatization in Central and Eastern Europe: The Lessons from Western Experience”, in Annals of Public and Cooperative Economy: (1991): 159 – 182.

Estrin, S., et al., Privatization in Central and Eastern Europe, London, Longman, 1994.

Gawlik, J., (ed.), Regional Innovation Strategy for Malopolska Voivodeship 2005 – 2013, Malopolska Voivodeship Marshal Office, Kraków, 2005.

Gorynia, M., Wolniak, R., “On the Competitiveness of a Transitional Economy: The Case of Poland”, in Fatemi, K., Kaynak, E., (eds.), Challenges and Opportunities for International Business in the Shifting Global Economic Environment, Proceedings of Tenth World Business Congress, July 4 – 8 2001, Zagreb, Croatia.

Haudeville, B., Aboites, J., La mondialisation de la technologie: aide ou frein au processus de développement ? Mondes en Développement, N°98: (1997) : 51 – 61.

Humbert, M., The Impact of Globalisation on Europe’s Firms and Industries, Pinter, 1993.

Jasinski, A. H., “Technology Transfers in Poland. A Poor State of Affairs and a Wawering Policy”, Science and Public Policy, n°4 (2000).

Jasiński, A. H. Polityka innowacyjna w Polsce. Wyzwania u progu XXI wieku, VII Kongres Ekonomistów Polskich (Innovation policy in Poland. Challenges of the 21st century, 7th Congress of the Polish Economists), Warszawa, 2001.

Kedia, B. L., Bhagat, R. S., “Cultural Constraints on Transfer of Technology across Nations: Implications for Research” in International and Comparative Management, Academy of Management Review, 13: (1988): 559 – 571.

Lado, A., Vozikis, G., “Transfer of Technology to Promote Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: An Integration and Proposed Framework”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Winter: (1996): 55 – 72.

Mansfield, E., “Intellectual Property Protection, Foreign Direct Investment and Technology Transfer”, Discussion paper (International Finance Corporation and, World Bank), No. 19. Washington: (1996): 1 – 43.

Nonaka, J., Takeuchi, H., Umemoto, K. “A Theory of organizational knowledge creation”, International Journal of Technology Management, vol. 11, Nos. 7/9: (1996): 833 – 845.

OECD, Politiques nationales de la science et de la technologie: Pologne, OECD 1996.

OCDE, Politiques nationales de la science et de la technologie: Hongrie, OECD, 1999.

Oliver, C., Strategic Responses to Institutional Processes, Academy of Management Review, vol. 16: (1991) 145 – 179.

Peng M. W., Heath, P. S., “The growth of the Firm in Planned Economies in Transition: Institutions, Organizations, and Strategic Choice”, Academy of Management Review, 21(2): (1996): 492 – 528.

Schumpeter, J., A., The Theory of Capitalist Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1934.

Solow, R. M., Technical change and the aggregate production function, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 39: (1957): 312 – 320.

Spender J., “Limits to Learning from the West: How Western Management Advice May Prove Limited in Eastern Europe”, UNCTAD, Transnational Corporations and World Development, London, UK: Thomson Business Press, 34(5): (1992): 389 – 410.

Teczke, J., Gawlik, R., “Institutional and Academic Entrepreneurship and Management and its Implications for University Governance and Management”, UNESCO - CEPES Quarterly Review No.2 (2004)

Weresa, M. A., Inwestycje zagraniczne a konkurencyjnosc polskiego eksportu, in Rymarczyk, J., Sutkowski, M., Internacjonalizacja i globalizacja gospodarki polskiej, Handel miedzynarodowy I inwestycje zagraniczne, Akademia Economica, Wrocław, 2001.

Witt, P., “The Interdependence of Technical and Social Innovations in the Transition Process of an Enterprise”, In Pojatina, D. (ed.), Enterprise in Transition: (1995) 215 – 219.

Witt P. (1996), “The Management of Transformation in East German Firms”, Journal of Enterprising Culture, 4(1): (1996) 57 – 77.

Witt, P., Strategies of Technical Innovation in Eastern European Firms, Management International Review, 38(2): (1998): 161 – 182.

Young, S., Lan, P., “Technology Transfer to China through Foreign Direct Investment”, Regional Studies, vol. 31, No. 7: (1997): 669 – 679.