Child Labour and Schooling in a Histrical Perspective: The Developed Countries Experience

Motkuri, Venkatanarayana (2004): Child Labour and Schooling in a Histrical Perspective: The Developed Countries Experience.

Abstract

In the light of the present debate on the problem of child labour in developing countries, it is the need of the hour to look into the experiences of those developed/industrialised nations. The high incidence of child labour in the industrialised nations during the last two centuries, especially in 19th century, also generated a debate. It is hoped that a greater understanding of the history of childhood and child labour in the developed countries help us to understand, analyse and appreciate this problem in the Third World Countries such a India, better. Hence, we undertake this review of the phenomenon of child labour in the developed countries such as Great Britain, Germany, Japan and USA.

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Child Labour, Developed Countries, Child Schooling, Childhood, Child Labour Laws, Compulsory Schooling
• Subjects: I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I20 - General; I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education and Research Institutions > I28 - Government Policy; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor > J20 - General; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor > J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor > J23 - Labor Demand; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J8 - Labor Standards: National and International > J80 - General; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J8 - Labor Standards: National and International > J82 - Labor Force Composition; J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J8 - Labor Standards: National and International > J88 - Public Policy

References

Aries, Philippe (1962) Centuries of Childhood: A Social History of Family Life, Vintage, New York.

Anderson, Robert ( ) “Secondary Schools and Scottish Society in the Nineteenth Century”.

Basu, K (1999) “Child Labour: Cause, Consequence, and Cure with Remarks on International Labour Standards”, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. XXXVII, September.

Brezis, Elise S (2001) “Long-Run Growth and Demographic Transition: Social Classes, Demographic Transition and Economic Growth”, European Economic Review, 45, 707-717.

Chaudhri, D P (1996) A Dynamic Profile of Child Labour in India: 1951-91, ILO-CLASP, New Delhi.

Chaudhri, D. P (1997a) “A Policy Perspective of Child Labour in India with Pervasive Gender and Urban Bias in School Education”, The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 40 (4).

Cunningham, Hugh (1990) “The Employment and Unemployment of Children in England c.1680-1851”, Past and Present, Vol. 126, February.

Cunningham, Hugh (2000) “The Decline of Child Labour: Labour Markets and Family Economies in Europe and North America Since 1830”, Economic History Review, LIII, 3, 409-428.

Cunningham, Hugh and Viazzo, Pier Paolo (eds.) (1996) Child Labour in Historical Perspective (1800-1985): Case Studies from Europe, Japan and Colombia, Unicef, Florence.

Cunningham, Hugh and Viazzo, Pier Paolo (1996) “Some Issues in the Historical Study of Child Labour” in Cunningham, Hugh and Viazzo, Pier Paolo (eds.)

Daglish, Neil (2001) “Education Policy and the Question of Child Labour: The Lancashire Cotton Industry and R D Denman’s Bill of 1914”, History of Education, 30 (3), 291-308.

Davin, Anna (1982) “Child Labour, the Working-Class Family and Domestic Ideology in 19th Century Britain”, Development and Change, 4, 633.

Dubey, Leela (1981) Child Labour in India: Some Methodological Overview, in Rodgers and Standing (eds.).

Easterlin, Richard A (1981) “Why Isn’t the Whole World Developed”, Journal of Economic History, 61, March, 1-17.

Edwards, Linda Nasif (1978) “An Empirical Analysis of Compulsory Schooling Legislation: 1940-60”, The Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. XXI (1).

Elson, Diane (1982) “The Differentiation of Children’s Labour in the Capitalist Labour Market”, Development and Change, 4, 479.

Field, Alexander (1979) “Economic and Demographic Determinants of Educational Commitments: Massachusetts, 1855”, Journal of Economic History, 39, June, 439-59.

Fishlow, Albert (1966) “Levels of Nineteenth Century American Investment in Education”, Journal of Economic History, 26, December, 418-36.

Fyfe, Alec (1989) Child Labour, Polity Press, New York.

Gathrop, Richard and Strauss, Gerald ( ) “ Protestantism and Literacy in Early Modern Germany”,

Goldin, Claudia (1979) “Household and Market Production of Families in a Late Nineteenth Century American City”, Explorations in Economic History, 16, 111-131.

Goldin, Claudia and Katz, Lawrence F (2003) “The Virtues of the Past: Education in the First Hundred Years of the New Republic” Working Paper No. 9958, NBER Working Paper Series, NBER, Cambridge.

Goldin, Claudia and Katz, Lawrence F (2000) “Education and Income in the Early Twentieth Century: Evidence from the Prairies”, Journal of Economic History, 60, September, 782-818,

Grooteart, C and Kanbur, R (1995) “Child Labour: An Economics Perspective”, International Labour Review, Vol. ( ).

Hammand J L and Hammand B (1966) Town Labourer 1760-1831: The Civilisation, Longman, London.

Hammand and Hammand (1967) Village Labourer 1760-1832, Kelley, New York.

Holleran, Philip M (1993) “Child Labour and Exploitation in Turn-of-the-Century Cotton Mills”, Exploration in Economic History, 30, 485-500.

Horrel, Sara and Humphries, Jane (1995) “The Exploitation of Little Children: Child Labour and the Family Economy in the Industrial Revolution”, Exploration in Economic History, 32, 485-516.

Humphries, Jane (2003) “Child Labour: Lessons from the Historical Experience of Today’s Industrial Economies”, The World Bank Economic Review, (Special issue on Child Laobur), Vol. 17 (2).

Humphries, Jane (1977) “Class Struggle and the Persistence of the Working-Class Family”, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 1, 241-258.

Landes, William M and Lewis, C Solomon (1972) “Compulsory Schooling Legislation: An Economic Analysis of Law and Social Change in the Nineteenth Century”, Journal of Economic History, 32, March, 54-97.

Lavalette, Michael (2000) “Child Employment in a Capitalist Labour Market: The British Case”, in Bernard Schlemmar (ed.).

Levine, David ( ) “Industrialisation and Proletarian Family in England”.

Lindert, Peter (1980) “English Occupation, 1670-1811”, Journal of Economic History, Vol. XL (4), Dec.

Mill, J S (1994) Principles of Political Economy and Chapters on Socialism, O U P, Oxford (ed. By Jonathan Riley).

Moehling, Carolyn M (1999) “State Child Labour Laws and the Decline of Child Labour”, Explorations in Economic History, 3 (1): 72-106.

Morishima, Michio (1982) Why Has Japan Succeeded?: Western Technology and Japanese Ethos, C UP, London.

Nardinelli, Clark (1982) “Corporal Punishment and Children’s Wages in Nineteenth Century Britain”, Exploration in Economic History, 19, 283-295.

Nardinelli, Clark (1980) “Child Labour and the Factory Act”, Journal of Economic History, Vol. XL (4), December.

Rodgers, Garry and Standing, Guy (1981) Child Work, Poverty and Underdevelopment, ILO, Geneva.

Sanderson, Allen R ( ) “Child Labour Legislation and the Labour Force Participation of Children”,

Schultz, T W (1994) Economics of Being Poor, O U P, Oxford.

Schlemmar, Bernark (ed.) (2000) The Exploited Child, Zed Book, London.

Smith, A (1986) (Org. 1776) The Wealth of Nations (Book I – III), Penguin Classics, London.

Stella, Alessandro (2000) “Introduction: A History of Exploited Children in Europ”, in Bernard Schlemmar (ed.) Taira, Koji ( ) “Educaiton and Literacy in Meiji Japan: An Interpretation”, Explorations in Economic History, Vol.

Thompson, E P (1963) The Making of the English Working Class, Penguin, Middlesex.

West, E G (1975) Education and the Industrial Revolution, B T Batsford, London.

Zelizer, V A (1985) Pricing the Priceless Child: The Changing Social Value of Children, New York.