Simulating future societies in Isobenefit Cities: social isobenefit scenarios

D'Acci, Luca (2013): Simulating future societies in Isobenefit Cities: social isobenefit scenarios.

Abstract

Environment, history and chance, shape people and cultures, which shape cities, which shape people and cultures, and so on, in a Systemic Retroactive Game. The quintessential essence of Isotropic (or Isobenefit) Urbanism is to solve Systemic Retroactive Game problems downstream rather than upstream and, also, to give a beautiful city to everyone, rather than just to the richer. Spatial Equilibrium assumptions, Underground Hedonic Theory and Isobenefit Lines, are shortly reminded in order to have a better vision of the Isotropic approach. The Isotropic City is the habitat of a virtual future society that aspires to live in a city where each individual can enjoy an equal level of wellbeing and advantage from the urban quality, services and job location. It is shown by a few visionary examples of virtual future societies habitats such as the Ring City (a city without the ‘city centre’, where the ‘city centre’ is all around the peripherical ring, or in a serial of rings), the Homogeneous City (a city where the ‘city centre’ is everywhere), the Annulus City (a city without any geometrical centre in the city) and the Punctiform City (an interconnected net of urban hyperdense ‘points’ throughout nature, parks and lands). Finally I will show some simulations on more realistic cases which could be of interest as support to urban and public policies in respect to a social wellbeing point of view as well as to urban theory such as urban economy (i.e., by the relation between an Isobenefit scenario and Property value), urban morphology (influence of different urban forms), urban sociology (how different location of centralities and amenities give advantage for social life and wellbeing of citizens).

• Item Type: MPRA Paper
• Language: English
• Keywords: Spatial Equilibrium, Urban Quality of Life, Urban Amenities and Centralities, Ideal City, Systemic Retroactive Game, Psycho-Economical Distance.
• Subjects: R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R0 - General; R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R1 - General Regional Economics > R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R1 - General Regional Economics > R14 - Land Use Patterns; R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R3 - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location > R38 - Government Policy; R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R4 - Transportation Economics > R40 - General; R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R5 - Regional Government Analysis > R52 - Land Use and Other Regulations; R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics > R5 - Regional Government Analysis > R58 - Regional Development Planning and Policy

References

[1] M. Batty, Nine lectures on Urban simulation: http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/rits/, 2012.

[2] L. D’Acci, Measuring Well-Being and Progress”, Social Indicators Research, Vol 104, n.1, 2011, pp. 47-65.

[3] L. D’Acci, A Modern Postmodern Urbanism, The Systemic Retroactive game (SyR) between Bottom-up and Top-down, 2013.

[4] E. Glaeser, Cities, Agglomeration, and Spatial Equilibrium. Oxford University Press, 2008.

[5] A. Smith, An Inquiry intoo the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Chicago University of Chicago press, Chicago, 1776.

[6] J. Von Thunen, The Isolated State. 1826, M. Carla Waternberg (trans.). Pegamon Press, Oxford, 1976.

[7] A. Marshall, Principles of Economics, London, 1890.

[8] Ricardo, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, John Murray, London, 1817.

[9] W. Launhardt, “Die Bestimmung des zweckmaÈûigsten Standorts einer gewerblichen Anlage”, (“Determining the optimal location of an industrial site”), Zeitschrift des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, 26: 105-116, 1882. In A. Marshall, Principles of Economics. Macmillian, London, 1890.

[10] A. Weber, Über den Standort der Industrien (On the Location of Industries), Mohr Verlag, Tübingen, Germany, 1929.

[11] B. Ohlin, Interregional and International Trade, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1933.

[12] W. Christaller, Die zentralen Orte in Suddeutschland (The Central REgions of Southern Germany). Jena, 1933.

[13] T. Palander, Beitrage zur Standortstheorie (Contributions to Localtion Theory), Uppsala, 1935.

[14] F.L. Hitchcock, Distribution of a Product from Several Sources to Numerous Localities, Journal of Mathematics and Physics, Vol.21, 224-230, 1941.

[15] L.V. Kantorovich, On the Translocation of Masses, Doklady Adad, Nauk SSR, Vol. 37, 1942, translated in Management Science, Vol. 5, No.1 1958.

[16] T.C. Koopmans, Optimum Utilization of the Transportation System, Econometrica, Vol.71, 136-146, 1949.

[17] W. Isard, Location and Space-Economy. Wiley, New York, 1956.

[18] L. Lefeber, Allocation in Space: Production, Transport and Industrial Location. North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1958.

[19] P.A. Samuelson, Spatial Price Equilibrium and Linear Programming, American Economic Review, Vol.42, 283-303, 1952.

[20] S. Enke, Equilibrium Among Spatially Separated Markets: Solution by Ecectric Analogue, Econometrica, Vol.19, 40-47, 1951.

[21] A. Lösch, Die räumliche Ordnung der Wirtschaft, 3rded, Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, 1962.

[22] E. Von Boventer, Theorie des raumlichen Gleichgewichts (Theory of Spatial Equilibrium). Tubingen, 1962.

[23] R.E. Kuenne, The Theory of General Economic Equilibrium, University Press, Princeton, 1963.

[24] W. Alonso, Location and land use: toward a general theory of land rent, Harvard University Press, 1964.

[25] R. Muth, Cities and Housing. University of Chicago Press. Chicago, 1969.

[26] E.S. Mills, An Aggregative Model of Resource Allocation in a Metropolitan Area”. American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings of the Seventy-ninth Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association, 57(2): 197-210, 1967.

[27] E.S. Mills, Studies in the Structure of the Urban Economy. Johns Hopinks Press, Baltimore, 1972.

[28] J.V. Henderson, The Sizes and Types of Cities, American Economic Review, 64(4):640-656, 1974.

[29] P. Krugman, Increasing Returns and Economic Geography, Journal of Political Economy, 99(3):483-499, 1991.

[30] M. Fujita, P. Krugman, A. Venables, The Spatial Economy, Cambridge MIT Press, 2001.

[31] L. D’Acci, Macro and Micro Spatial Equilibrium, 2013. Online at http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/48984/ MPRA Paper No. 48984, posted 9. August 2013 13:16 UTC.

[32] L. D’Acci, Isobenefit Urbanism and Isotropic Societies for visionary futures. Equations against unideal cities, 2013.

[33] F. Bianchini, The crisis of urban social life in Britain: origins of the problems and possible responses. Planning Practice and Research, 5 (3), 1990, p. 4.

[34] R. Evans, Regenerating town centres, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1997.

[35] L. D’Acci, Hedonic Inertia and Underground Happiness, Social Indicators Research, September 2013, Volume 113, Issue 3, pp 1237-1259.

[36] MIT Technology Review, Isobenefit Lines Rewrite Rules for Understanding City Life (18 october 2012). www.technologyreview.com/view/429679/isobenefit-lines-rewrite-rules-for-understanding-city-life/

[37] L. D’Acci, “Monetary, Subjective and Quantitative Approaches to Assess Urban Quality of Life and Pleasantness in Cities, Social Indicators Research, 2013.

[38] L. D’Acci, Mathematize urbes by humanizing them. arXiv, Physics and Society, arXiv:1307.3923 [physics.soc-ph], 2013.

[39] S. Hawking, Life in the Universe, 1996 http://www.hawking.org.uk/life-in-the-universe.html

[40] G. West, Science of cities, 2011. http://www.weforum.org/videos/ideas-davos-science-cities; http://www.ted.com/talks/geoffrey_west_the_surprising_math_of_cities_and_corporations.html

[41] A. Toynbee, A Study of History, Oxford University Press and Thames & Hudson Ltd, London, 1972.

[42] F. Fernandez-Armesto, Millenium. A history of our last thousand years. BCA, 1995.